2019 World Conference Report
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Blood-Soaked Secrets Why Iran’S 1988 Prison Massacres Are Ongoing Crimes Against Humanity
BLOOD-SOAKED SECRETS WHY IRAN’S 1988 PRISON MASSACRES ARE ONGOING CRIMES AGAINST HUMANITY Amnesty International is a global movement of more than 7 million people who campaign for a world where human rights are enjoyed by all. Our vision is for every person to enjoy all the rights enshrined in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and other international human rights standards. We are independent of any government, political ideology, economic interest or religion and are funded mainly by our membership and public donations. © Amnesty International 2017 Cover photo: Collage of some of the victims of the mass prisoner killings of 1988 in Iran. Except where otherwise noted, content in this document is licensed under a Creative Commons © Amnesty International (attribution, non-commercial, no derivatives, international 4.0) licence. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode For more information please visit the permissions page on our website: www.amnesty.org Where material is attributed to a copyright owner other than Amnesty International this material is not subject to the Creative Commons licence. First published in 2017 by Amnesty International Ltd Peter Benenson House, 1 Easton Street London WC1X 0DW, UK Index: MDE 13/9421/2018 Original language: English amnesty.org CONTENTS GLOSSARY 7 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 8 METHODOLOGY 18 2.1 FRAMEWORK AND SCOPE 18 2.2 RESEARCH METHODS 18 2.2.1 TESTIMONIES 20 2.2.2 DOCUMENTARY EVIDENCE 22 2.2.3 AUDIOVISUAL EVIDENCE 23 2.2.4 COMMUNICATION WITH IRANIAN AUTHORITIES 24 2.3 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 25 BACKGROUND 26 3.1 PRE-REVOLUTION REPRESSION 26 3.2 POST-REVOLUTION REPRESSION 27 3.3 IRAN-IRAQ WAR 33 3.4 POLITICAL OPPOSITION GROUPS 33 3.4.1 PEOPLE’S MOJAHEDIN ORGANIZATION OF IRAN 33 3.4.2 FADAIYAN 34 3.4.3 TUDEH PARTY 35 3.4.4 KURDISH DEMOCRATIC PARTY OF IRAN 35 3.4.5 KOMALA 35 3.4.6 OTHER GROUPS 36 4. -
Intersex and Transgender Student Support
https://ashm.org.au/training/kirby-seminar/ These slides are for educational use only. They may not be published, posted online, or used in commercial presentations without prior permission from the presenter. Morgan Carpenter Co-executive director at Intersex Human Rights Australia (formerly OIIAU) ihra.org.au M.Bioethics (Sydney); PhD candidate in bioethics at Sydney Health Ethics, The University of Sydney sydney.edu.au/medicine/sydney-health-ethics/ Justice of the Peace in NSW. Home page: morgancarpenter.com 2 “The ALLY@UNSW network are trained staff and students that aims to ensure that UNSW is a safe and welcoming place for all students and staff who identify as LGBTIQ.” UNSW. 2019. ‘LGBTIQ Support for Students & Staff | UNSW Current Students’. March 18. https://student.unsw.edu.au/ally 3 “Gender affirmation and transition support “Intersex and transgender student support “Transgender students who seek support before, during or affirming transition may choose to speak to an Educational Support Advisor. Educational support advisors can assist with referrals to services both on and off campus as well as liaise regarding administrative issues within the such names and identity. Educational support advisors can assist you to plan your transition.” UNSW. 2018. ‘Gender Affirmation and Transition Support | UNSW Current Students’. July 17. https://student.unsw.edu.au/ally/gender 4 “The performance’s leading character, Carmen, is the fictional love- child of Leon Trotsky and Frida Kahlo, so naturally she has plenty of stories to relay. Viewers are presented with a bounty of visual delights… Carmen’s costume highlights her sexuality with a giant sparkling gem adorning her crotch, the lighting expertly sets the mood with hues of blue and pink… “As an intersex person, Carmen, herself is ‘other’. -
Health and Wellbeing of People with Intersex Variations Information and Resource Paper
Health and wellbeing of people with intersex variations Information and resource paper The Victorian Government acknowledges Victorian Aboriginal people as the First Peoples and Traditional Owners and Custodians of the land and water on which we rely. We acknowledge and respect that Aboriginal communities are steeped in traditions and customs built on a disciplined social and cultural order that has sustained 60,000 years of existence. We acknowledge the significant disruptions to social and cultural order and the ongoing hurt caused by colonisation. We acknowledge the ongoing leadership role of Aboriginal communities in addressing and preventing family violence and will continue to work in collaboration with First Peoples to eliminate family violence from all communities. Family Violence Support If you have experienced violence or sexual assault and require immediate or ongoing assistance, contact 1800 RESPECT (1800 737 732) to talk to a counsellor from the National Sexual Assault and Domestic Violence hotline. For confidential support and information, contact Safe Steps’ 24/7 family violence response line on 1800 015 188. If you are concerned for your safety or that of someone else, please contact the police in your state or territory, or call 000 for emergency assistance. To receive this publication in an accessible format, email the Diversity unit <[email protected]> Authorised and published by the Victorian Government, 1 Treasury Place, Melbourne. © State of Victoria, Department of Health and Human Services, March 2019 Victorian Department of Health and Human Services (2018) Health and wellbeing of people with intersex variations: information and resource paper. Initially prepared by T. -
Many of the Participants at the Darlington Retreat. Photo Courtesy of Phoebe Hart
Many of the participants at the Darlington retreat. Photo courtesy of Phoebe Hart. Darlington Statement: Joint consensus statement from the intersex community retreat in Darlington, March 2017. Joint statement by Australia and Aotearoa/New Zealand intersex community organisations and independent advocates, including the Androgen Insensitivity Support Syndrome Support Group Australia (AISSGA),1 Intersex Trust Aotearoa New Zealand (ITANZ),2 Organisation Intersex International Australia (OIIAU),3 Eve Black, Kylie Bond (AISSGA), Tony Briffa (OIIAU/AISSGA), Morgan Carpenter (OIIAU/Intersex Day Project4), Candice Cody (OIIAU), Alex David (OIIAU), Betsy Driver (Bodies Like Ours), Carolyn Hannaford (AISSGA), Eileen Harlow, Bonnie Hart (AISSGA), Phoebe Hart (AISSGA), Delia Leckey (ITANZ), Steph Lum (OIIAU), Mani Bruce Mitchell (ITANZ), Elise Nyhuis (AISSGA), Bronwyn O’Callaghan, Sandra Perrin (AISSGA), Cody Smith (Tranz Australia), Trace Williams (AISSGA), Imogen Yang (Bladder Exstrophy Epispadias Cloacal Exstrophy Hypospadias Australian Community - BEECHAC5), Georgie Yovanovic. Preamble A. Intersex people are born with physical or biological sex characteristics (such as sexual anatomy, reproductive organs, hormonal patterns and/or chromosomal patterns) that are more diverse than stereotypical definitions for male or female bodies. For some people these traits are apparent prenatally or at birth, while for 1 http://aissga.org.au 2 http://ianz.org.nz 3 http://oii.org.au 4 http://intersexday.org 5 http://beechac.com Page 1 of 9 others they emerge later in life, often at puberty (see UN definition6). We recognise our diverse histories and use the word intersex inclusively, and acknowledging our right to self-determination. B. We observe that, despite the best efforts of intersex human rights defenders, discrimination, stigmatisation and human rights violations, including harmful practices in medical settings, continue to occur in Australia and Aotearoa/New Zealand. -
Ideological Tyranny in Iranian Women's Studies: a Response To
Ideological Tyranny in Iranian Women’s Studies: A Response to Shahrzad Mojab 1 Golbarg Bashi Research student University of Bristol United Kingdom November 14, 2005 Feminist research or women’s studies is a methodological perspective that criticises societal inequalities, with an emphasis on gender disparities. As a secular feminist I initiated a re-debate over the crisis in Iranian women’s studies/activism 2 (intertwined) so that our scholarship and activism embraces more lives inside Iran. I did not in any way offer a fixed agenda for achieving a gender-equal state in Iran. As someone who has spent most of her life outside Iran, it perplexes me still that some senior Iranian intellectuals deconstruct one’s arguments as if it was a clear-cut programme to overthrow a whole government and create a revolution. My major concern today is in gathering the scattered efforts, good-will and resources which we Iranians have an abundance of, and lend a helping hand to the women’s and progressive movements, the impoverished NGOs, the oppressed, the marginisalised, the hungry, the dispossessed, the prisoners, the censored intellectuals, the activists, and the students inside Iran (regardless of their religious and political convictions). I would like to thank Dr Shahrzad Mojab, Associate Professor and Director of the Women and Gender Studies Institute at the University of Toronto, in Canada for her contribution in this debate (in Ideological Crisis in Iranian Women’s Studies: A Response to Golbarg Bashi 3, posted on 21 August, 2005). It has helped me strengthen and refine my own position. As one of our wonderful Iranian feminists, Elahe Amani (at Fullerton, USA) advised me: “Crises refine life. -
Blood-Soaked Secrets Why Iran's 1988 Prison
BLOOD-SOAKED SECRETS WHY IRAN’S 1988 PRISON MASSACRES ARE ONGOING CRIMES AGAINST HUMANITY Amnesty International is a global movement of more than 7 million people who campaign for a world where human rights are enjoyed by all. Our vision is for every person to enjoy all the rights enshrined in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and other international human rights standards. We are independent of any government, political ideology, economic interest or religion and are funded mainly by our membership and public donations. © Amnesty International 2017 Except where otherwise noted, content in this document is licensed under a Creative Commons Cover photo: Collage of some of the victims of the mass prisoner killings of 1988 in Iran. (attribution, non-commercial, no derivatives, international 4.0) licence. © Amnesty International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode For more information please visit the permissions page on our website: www.amnesty.org Where material is attributed to a copyright owner other than Amnesty International this material is not subject to the Creative Commons licence. First published in 2017 by Amnesty International Ltd Peter Benenson House, 1 Easton Street London WC1X 0DW, UK Index: MDE 13/9421/2018 Original language: English amnesty.org CONTENTS GLOSSARY 7 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 8 METHODOLOGY 18 2.1 FRAMEWORK AND SCOPE 18 2.2 RESEARCH METHODS 18 2.2.1 TESTIMONIES 20 2.2.2 DOCUMENTARY EVIDENCE 22 2.2.3 AUDIOVISUAL EVIDENCE 23 2.2.4 COMMUNICATION WITH IRANIAN AUTHORITIES 24 2.3 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 25 BACKGROUND 26 3.1 PRE-REVOLUTION REPRESSION 26 3.2 POST-REVOLUTION REPRESSION 27 3.3 IRAN-IRAQ WAR 33 3.4 POLITICAL OPPOSITION GROUPS 33 3.4.1 PEOPLE’S MOJAHEDIN ORGANIZATION OF IRAN 33 3.4.2 FADAIYAN 34 3.4.3 TUDEH PARTY 35 3.4.4 KURDISH DEMOCRATIC PARTY OF IRAN 35 3.4.5 KOMALA 35 3.4.6 OTHER GROUPS 36 4. -
MNC 20181119 Faith
19 November 2018 Dear Committee, IHRA submission to the inquiry on legislative exemptions that allow faith-based educational institutions to discriminate against students, teachers and staff Intersex Human Rights Australia (IHRA) is a a Public Benevolent Institution that promotes the human rights (including the bodily integrity) of people born with intersex variations. We were formerly known as Organisation Intersex International Australia. We currently contract our two co-executive directors on a part-time basis, supported by foreign philanthropic funding. Persons born with intersex variations are not currently subject to religious exemptions at federal level in the same manner as persons with minority sexual orientations and gender identities, and the religious freedoms inquiry appears to recommend that jurisdictions “abolish any exemptions to anti-discrimination laws that provide for discrimination by religious schools” on grounds of, inter alia, intersex status,1 however, this is not the case at a state and territory level, nor in leaked proposals for federal reform. To this end, and also in solidarity with LGBT people, we are pleased to make a brief contribution to this inquiry. We note that this submission is made brief due to the challenges imposed by a significant number of other ongoing inquiries at present, including inquiries: into forced and coercive medical practices by the Australian Human Rights Commission,2 the welfare jurisdiction of the Family Law Act by the Australian Law Reform Commission,3 a UN Committee on the 1 See recommendation 6 in Fairfax Media. 2018. ‘Read the Full 20 Recommendations from the Religious Freedom Review’. The Sydney Morning Herald, 11 October 2018. -
2020 Annual Report
2020 ANNUAL REPORT TM 1 ILGA World - the International Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex Association is grateful for the support of its member organisa- tions, staff, interns, Board and Committee members who work tirelessly to make everything we do possible. A heartfelt shout-out and thank you goes to all the human rights defenders around the world for the time and energy they commit to ad- vancing the cause of equality for persons with diverse sexual orienta- tions, gender identities and gender expressions, and sex characteristics everywhere. Our deepest thanks to those who, despite the unforeseen eco- nomic hardship bestowed upon everyone by the consequences of the Covid-19 pandemic, have committed to financially make our work pos- sible in 2020. We also thank one significant anonymous donor and many other companies and individuals who have made donations. We kick off the year with new activities to support local organ- isations as they follow-up on LGBTI recommendations from JANUARY 2020 the Treaty Bodies. Throughout 2020 ILGA World and our allies AT A GLANCE made sure to keep raising queer voices at the United Nations! We launch an extensive global research into laws banning ‘conversion therapies’. Protec- FEBRUARY tion from similar ineffective and cruel treat- ment is as urgent as ever! MARCH As everything turns virtual, our communities remain connected: APRIL The world comes to a grinding halt as ILGA World holds its first-ever online Board meeting, and hosts the Covid-19 pandemic erupts. Even roundtables discussing the impact and response to the Covid-19 during these difficult days, we have pandemic among LGBTI organisations. -
Inclusion Guide to Respecting People with Intersex Variations
INCLUSION GUIDE TO RESPECTING PEOPLE WITH INTERSEX VARIATIONS WHO ARE INTERSEX PEOPLE? Intersex people have innate variations of sex characteristics that differ from medical and social norms for female or male bodies. Intersex is an umbrella term for a diverse range of different traits that can be determined prenatally, at birth, during puberty and at other times. These traits include androgen insensitivity, congenital adrenal hyperplasia, 17-beta hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 3 deficiency, and many more. Because their bodies are perceived as different, intersex people are at risk of stigmatisation, violence and harmful practices, including forced or coercive medical interventions intended to make their bodies more typically female or male. USEFUL TERMS Sex characteristics: physical features relating Disorders of sex development: a pejorative term to sex, including genitalia and other sexual and for intersex traits introduced following an invite- reproductive anatomy, chromosomes, hormones, only clinical workshop in 2005. Some individuals and secondary physical features emerging from prefer the ameliorative term ‘differences of sex puberty.1 development’. Sex: legal or social status initially based on sex Endosex: a word meaning “non-intersex”. This can characteristics observed at birth. In some cases, be helpful in acknowledging that intersex persons infants with intersex variations may undergo a old enough to freely express an identity may be series of examinations and tests to establish sex. In heterosexual and may identify with sex assigned at such cases, attempts will be made to determine the birth (commonly termed cisgender). infant’s intersex variation and likely future gender identity. Normative ideas about how children’s bodies should look play a significant role in sex assignment.2 Many – perhaps most – intersex traits only become evident after sex assignment. -
Health and Wellbeing of People with Intersex Variations Information and Resource Paper
Health and wellbeing of people with intersex variations Information and resource paper The Victorian Government acknowledges Victorian Aboriginal people as the First Peoples and Traditional Owners and Custodians of the land and water on which we rely. We acknowledge and respect that Aboriginal communities are steeped in traditions and customs built on a disciplined social and cultural order that has sustained 60,000 years of existence. We acknowledge the significant disruptions to social and cultural order and the ongoing hurt caused by colonisation. We acknowledge the ongoing leadership role of Aboriginal communities in addressing and preventing family violence and will continue to work in collaboration with First Peoples to eliminate family violence from all communities. Family Violence Support If you have experienced violence or sexual assault and require immediate or ongoing assistance, contact 1800 RESPECT (1800 737 732) to talk to a counsellor from the National Sexual Assault and Domestic Violence hotline. For confidential support and information, contact Safe Steps’ 24/7 family violence response line on 1800 015 188. If you are concerned for your safety or that of someone else, please contact the police in your state or territory, or call 000 for emergency assistance. To receive this publication in an accessible format, email the Diversity unit <[email protected]> Authorised and published by the Victorian Government, 1 Treasury Place, Melbourne. © State of Victoria, Department of Health and Human Services, March 2019 Victorian Department of Health and Human Services (2018) Health and wellbeing of people with intersex variations: information and resource paper. Initially prepared by T. -
2020 Impacr Report
2020 IMPACR REPORT About Us Established in July 2010, Justice for Iran (JFI) is a London-based human rights NGO that seeks freedom from impunity. JFI aims to hold the perpetrators of serious human rights violations, including but not limited to crimes against humanity, torture, enforced disappearances, war crime and genocide which have been committed in Iran or by the Iranian officials, accountable. JFI focuses on the right to truth for individual victims and society as a whole, and pursues right to justice for those who belong to the most marginalised groups such as women, ethnic and religious minorities, LGBTIs and political dissidents. JFI conducts fact-finding, initiates judicial and semi-judicial actions, and carries out campaign and advocacy at national, regional and international levels. JFI is a member of the International Federation of Human Rights (FIDH) and the Regional Network for Historical Dialogue and Dealing with the Past (RNHDP). Board of Directors ● Hamid Sabi, lawyer and head of the prosecution team at the Iran Tribunal ● Dr Nena Tromp, lecturer in East European Studies at the University of Amsterdam (UvA). ● Drewery Dike, former Amnesty International Researcher on Iran ● Shadi Amin, Researcher, LGBTQI Activist, Justice for Iran Co-Founder Co-Directors • Shadi Sadr, Human Rights Lawyer and Justice for Iran Co-Founder • Dr Mohammad Nayyeri, Human Rights Lawyer, PhD from King’s College Advisory Board • Professor Yakın Ertürk, Former UN Special Rapporteur on Violence against Women • Professor Payam Akhavan, McGill University 2020 IMPACT REPORT 1 Highlights of the Year • Justice for Iran marked its 10th anniversary. • More than 500 truth and justice seekers in the country joined Justice for Iran’s campaigns. -
State-Sanctioned Killing of Sexual Minorities
MONASH LAW STATE-SANCTIONED KILLING OF SEXUAL MINORITIES LOOKING BEYOND THE DEATH PENALTY MAI SATO & CHRISTOPHER ALEXANDER FEBRUARY 2021 In partnership between ELEOS JUSTICE Eleos Justice Faculty of Law, Monash University, Building 12, 15 Ancora Imparo Way Clayton, Victoria, 3800 Australia Telephone: +61 3 9902 6000 Website: https://www.monash.edu/law/research/eleos © Authors CRICOS provider: Monash University 00008C Capital Punishment Justice Project Room 24, Level 9, 460 Lonsdale Street, Melbourne VIC 3000 Website: https://cpjp.org.au Disclaimer: Opinions expressed in this report are not necessarily those held by Monash University. Except where otherwise noted, all photography featured in this report is by Robin Hammond, founder of Witness Change, from Where Love Is Illegal, a Witness Change project. Cover image: ‘Untitled’, There Are No Homosexuals In Iran, 2014-2016, Laurence Rasti. ELEOS JUSTICE ‘I have the right to live.’ Ibrahim, Nigeria 5 TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgements ...................................................................................................................................8 Preface ..........................................................................................................................................................9 Foreword by Victor Madrigal-Borloz ..................................................................................................11 Foreword by The Honourable Michael Kirby AC CMG ................................................................12 Executive Summary