North West Ageing and Aged Care Strategy AUGUST 2017 ‘We need to encourage people to age passionately, curiously, creatively and magnificently.’

Margaret Manning, The Joy of Ageing Disgracefully ‘I haven’t asked you to make me young again. All I want is to go on getting older.’

Konrad Adenauer

‘A society that does not value its older people denies its roots and endangers its future. Let us strive to enhance their capacity to support themselves for as long as possible and, when they cannot do so anymore, to care for them.’

President Nelson Mandela

Compiled by Peter Kenyon and Maria D’Souza

Bank of I.D.E.A.S

Project produced in partnership with

PILBARA KIMBERLEY

Acknowledgements Disclaimer This North West Aging and Aged Care Strategy acknowledges the Traditional Any statement or finding expressed or implied in this document is provided Owners of Country throughout the Pilbara and Kimberley regions and their in good faith based on the information available to the consultants at the continuing connection to their Country and communities. In the spirit of time of publication. reconciliation, we pay our respect to them, their cultures, and to Elders both past and present. No warranty, expressed or implied can be given for total accuracy. Secondly, the contents do not necessarily take into account all the factors which may Authors of this Strategy also wish to acknowledge the many members of need to be considered before implementing specific recommended initiatives. NGOs, Aboriginal Corporations, government agencies and other stakeholders Accordingly, this Strategy should be used in conjunction with ongoing for their generosity of time, ideas and contributions throughout the research, consultation and professional technical assistance. The authors of consultation process and formulation of this document. this document accept no responsibility for any loss or damages that may arise from use of information by any other party. The participating organisations would like to acknowledge Bank of I.D.E.A.S and thank them for the research and consultation involved in developing this document and Turner Design for the layout design and presentation of the document. ‘We need to encourage people to age passionately, curiously, creatively and magnificently.’

Margaret Manning, The Joy of Ageing Disgracefully ‘I haven’t asked you to make me young again. All I want is to go on getting older.’

Konrad Adenauer

‘A society that does not value its older people denies its roots and endangers its future. Let us strive to enhance their capacity to support themselves for as long as possible and, when they cannot do so anymore, to care for them.’

President Nelson Mandela Contents

Preface 1 4.2 Local Government Situational Analysis 35 1. Ageing and Aged Care Critical Issues in the North West 5 4.2.1 Pilbara Region 35 2. Ageing and Aged Care Support and Services Strategic / 12 4.2.2 Kimberley Region 41 Policy Context 5. Ageing and Aged Care Strategy Framework 49 2.1 International 12 5.1 Strategic Vision Statement 49 2.2 National Documents 15 5.2 Guiding Principles 49 2.3 Western Australian Documents 16 5.3 Strategic Goals 50 2.4 Regional Documents 24 5.4 Desired Future Outcomes 50 3. Ageing and Aged Care Support and Services Contextual 17 5.5 Recommended Strategies 51 Framework 6. Abbreviations 63 3.1 Commonwealth Government 21 7. Bibliography 64 3.2 Government of Western Australia 21 8. Appendices 3.3 Local Government 21 i). Consultation Survey Results 3.4 Non Government Organisations 22 ii). Micro Model for Aged Care for Martu of the Western 3.5 Other Involvement 22 Desert 3.6 Navigating Ageing and Aged Care Support and iii). The Eden Alternative Services in Western Australia 22 iv). Elder Abuse Protocol 3.7 Aged Care Reforms 23 v). Spark of Life 4. Overview of Ageing and Aged Care Supports in the 25 vi). Collective Impact North West vii). United Nations Principles for Older Persons 4.1 Regional Description 25 viii). The Compassionate City Charter 4.1.1 Age Friendly Communities 25 ix). The Dying Well Community Charter – Principles of Care 4.1.2 Appropriate Aged Housing 30 and Support 4.1.3 Community and Home Based Care Supports 33 4.1.4 Residential Aged Care 34

North WestNorth Ageing West and Ageing Aged Careand Aged Strategy Care Strategy| 2017 / i Preface

As a general matter of existential exigencies, older people, irrespective of location in Australia, are more likely to be individuals who have complex health challenges, will need a diverse range of support services, and experience social isolation, loneliness, ageism (age discrimination) and abuse.

As a general matter of existential and across the rest of regional WA. In exigencies, older people, irrespective of most rural communities, the population location in Australia, are more likely to is rapidly ageing, and it is predicted be individuals who have complex health that by 2026, 24% of Australian rural challenges, will need a diverse range populations will be 65 years and over. of support services, and experience The North West Region is currently an social isolation, loneliness, ageism (age exception to the aforesaid trend. discrimination) and abuse. However, Low population density and remote the formulation of this Strategy has locations pose significant barriers to demonstrated that while the North West most ageing and aged care options. Region shares with other WA regions the Accessible services and consumer choices common regional need for additional are generally limited. Simply articulated, infrastructure and services for its aged under current circumstances and community, its real challenges arise more arrangements, most North West residents from cultural and geographical issues (Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal residents) rather than its number of ageing citizens. not only have to leave their homes, but The North West Region’s demographic indeed their community, country and the profile does not reflect the ageing region if they wish or are required to population trend that applies nationally access many aged care services.

1 / North West Ageing and Aged Care Strategy | 2017 The North West is a unique region with is expressed well by this statement from four other issues that are fundamental a population of older persons who have the Pilbara Development Commission to the actions outlined in this Strategy, enormous diversity of reality. They vary (2011) – ‘Aged care provision is important namely – in their capacities, aspirations, abilities, to realising the vision of making the Pilbara • older Aboriginal people express contributions, needs and wants. In the place to live, work, visit and invest. Aged their desire for culturally appropriate addition, the regional mosaic of small care is a major service industry that can be services to maintain social and remote settlements is a major challenge. linked to goals of economic diversification cultural connections and to age and and small business development. Aged The formulation of this North West Ageing die on or near ‘Country’; care increases demand for health services and Aged Care Strategy is a result of a which delivers critical mass to more • most Aboriginal people simply do joint initiative by the RDA Pilbara (www. specialised local health services for the not know about, or are not adept rdapilbara.org.au) and RDA Kimberley whole community. Aged care options at accessing current ageing support (www.rdakimberley.com.au). The strengthen family cohesiveness and sense services and programmes, especially aforementioned organisations exist to of belonging in the Pilbara and strikes at in remote communities; provide a focus on regional economic the heart of building sustainable and strong and social development, and thus have • the minimum attention that many communities in the Pilbara’. a major commitment to the planning and programmes afford to cross cultural implementation of strategies and actions A submission from a series of Pilbara appropriateness; and that enhance economic and community local governments and the Pilbara • the high levels of elder financial, wellbeing, including for ageing members Regional Council (2016) expressed the physical and emotional abuse that from the diverse range of North West impact of the loss of ageing population exists in the region. communities. Their intent with this in these words – ‘This loss of population formulation exercise was to achieve five has a significant impact on the economic outcomes; namely – and social character of the Pilbara, reducing the size and skill profile of the labour • Provide a map and gap analysis of force due to lower share of older, more ageing and aged care services and experienced workers, while undermining facilities currently available in the the ability of the region to retain a region. resident population. Senior residents also • Explore models of aged care provision provide important volunteer services with that will ensure the attraction and communities’. retention of older people across the Currently, the majority of older non- In most rural communities, region. Aboriginal people located in North the population is rapidly • Challenge the unfounded and almost West communities move away in their a priori assumption that people do retirement to locations where the cost of ageing, and it is predicted not want to retire in the North West living is lower, where there are increased Region and aged care services and facilities and services available to that by 2026, 24% of residences are not needed. retirees, and they have access to family Australian rural populations members. However, as the major centres • Focus specifically on providing in the North West Region mature in will be 65 years and over. opportunities for Aboriginal people to development and housing prices become age in place as well as the provision more reasonable, there are increasing The North West Region is of culturally appropriate geriatric numbers of members of intergenerational services to ensure a holistic approach. currently an exception to the families’ resident in the region, and this • Develop a comprehensive plan that trend is expected to burgeon over time. aforesaid trend. identifies guiding principles, realistic In contrast, Aboriginal people, through a goals and strategic outcomes with range of complex interconnected social, specific actions, timeframes and cultural, economic and political factors, responsibilities. experience current ageing realities that Several studies since 2011 have contribute to shorter life expectancy highlighted the importance of retaining consequently impacting aged care older people within the communities services and infrastructure requirements, of the Pilbara and Kimberley. The at significantly earlier ages than the non- importance of a focus on ageing and Aboriginal population. This ageing reality aged care within the North West Region for Aboriginal people is compounded by

North West Ageing and Aged Care Strategy | 2017 / 2 Structured Interview Questionnaire, or • How can we support older people to One complexity in this exercise through a series of 17 workshops or remain within their own homes for as relates to the definition of focus groups. long as possible? ageing. • Review of a host of regional, state, • What is currently working well to national and international policy support ageing residents? frameworks and documents relating to Aboriginal people aged 50+ are included • What specific and existing aged care ageing. in the Department of Health and Ageing supports do we need more of, and planning benchmarks, which is age 65+ This Strategy provides a practical what support systems need further for the general population. This Strategy framework to guide stakeholders and fine tuning or creating? defines ageing people in the North West aged care providers with an interest • How do you successfully determine as 45+ for Aboriginal persons and 65+ for and commitment to build, support and and creatively devise, specific aged non-Aboriginal persons. maintain age-friendly communities which care models that are relevant to support older regional residents to age This Strategy formulation was the result remote small communities? with a sparkle in their eyes, a spring in of a comprehensive exercise involving – their step and an assured feeling and • How to nurture the imperative • Extensive review of current literature perception of safety in the North West dynamic of helping to build, and reports related to the North West Region. It is the result of an extensive support and maintain age-friendly Region and the ageing and age care consultation and research exercise that communities? sector (see Bibliography). sought opinions, ideas, learnings and • What can we learn from the practical responses to a range of key • In-depth conversations, and use of experiences in other remote regions questions; namely – structured interview questionnaires and communities within Australia and with ageing residents, carers, • What might a good and safe life look the wider world? aged care service providers and like for older people in the North West The aforementioned consultation stakeholders. Over 150 older residents Region? revealed and highlighted the priorities for and carers and over 200 aged care • How can older people be encouraged North West residents, services providers service providers and stakeholders and supported to age well and safely and stakeholders, as to what constitutes were engaged in conversation, one- in place and connected to ‘Country’? a good and safe community for people on-one person interaction, utilising a to grow old in. Overwhelmingly, the

3 / North West Ageing and Aged Care Strategy | 2017 feedback reinforced the following as • improved recruitment, training and integral to creating age-friendly local retention of aged care workers environments – including a growing trained Aboriginal workforce; • respect; The wisdom and experience • increased awareness of ageing and • social and community connections; aged care services and improved of older people is a • security and safety; information dissemination; resource of inestimable • accessible amenities and services, • more appropriate, affordable and worth. Recognizing and especially health services; targeted transport arrangements for older people; and treasuring the contributions • autonomy and self-determination – in particular the ability to choose to age • improved age-friendly public physical of older people is essential in place and the services and support infrastructure and accessibility. systems to make the aforesaid a to the long-term flourishing One interesting discovery was the simple worthwhile and practical reality; fact that no single stakeholder has of any society. • age appropriate housing; all the answers, solutions, resources and programmes to provide what is • sensitive cross-cultural management Daisuke Ikeda needed. Planning and implementing with respect to appropriate services; acceptable and holistic ageing services and and facilities will need to be an all of • ageing and aged care sector staff government approach, as well as a and personnel that are patient, multi-agency and community priority compassionate and caring. and responsibility. This intervention is strongly supported by Western Australia’s In terms of the most important changes over-arching policy document addressing required within North West communities ageing, An Age-Friendly WA: The Seniors that will enhance the experience of older Strategic Planning Framework 2012-2017 residents to age well and safely, the (Government of Western Australia, 2013). following was cited by residents, services To realise the Vision of this Strategy, all providers and stakeholders as critical ageing and aged care stakeholders will necessities – need to work together. This strongly 3. Accessible, relevant and cross • provision of more local based age requires specific demonstration of culturally appropriate community and appropriate housing; collective impact principles and processes home based care supports that allow (see Appendix vi.). • improved delivery of health services – older people residing in the North including greater resource allocation This Strategy has adopted the West Region to live independently for for regional based specialist services, ‘Four Planks’ approach of the State as long as possible. dementia care and flexible models of Governments’ ‘Ageing in the Bush’ 4. Quality and cross culturally relevant palliative care; framework (2016), and developed a set residential aged care facilities of 11 Strategies and 56 Actions in relation • improved integration of aged care throughout the North West Region to four defined Desired Future Outcomes; services – holistic, connected and that allow older people to stay namely – ‘wrap around’ care including increased connected to community and age levels of collaboration and networking 1. Age-friendly communities that allow positively with dignity. between service providers; all older people in the North West Finally, it needs both emphasising and Region to age well, safely and in • increased local availability of cross reiterating, that the environment and place. culturally appropriate residential aged time is ripe for the regional dialogue that care; 2. Sufficient range of affordable and has been undertaken to formulate this appropriate aged housing options in Strategy. There is genuine commitment • practical responses to widespread communities across the North West from most ageing and aged care elder abuse; Region. providers and stakeholders for positive change, system improvement and • greater commitment and support creative fresh thinking. for local based agency responses, including greater awareness and engagement of local communities, its residents and its host of organisations;

North West Ageing and Aged Care Strategy | 2017 / 4 Ageing and Aged Care Critical Issues in the North West

The following set of 10 questions and their answers provide a summary of the key issues, concerns and challenges that were expressed by North West ageing residents, carers, aged care service providers and stakeholders during the consultation stage 1 of this Strategy’s formulation. As mentioned, their knowledge and • Safety – ability to live in, and opinions were accessed through move about community without one-on-one conversations, many of being frightened, bullied or taken which utilised a ‘structured interview advantage of. questionnaire’ tool, project site visits, • Support systems that facilitate the organised focus groups and workshops alleviation of feelings of loneliness, and information from regional reports. boredom and crippling helplessness. Q1 What makes for a good and • Appropriate housing options. safe community for people to grow old in? • Access to quality health services – reliable, consistent and cross 15 themes dominated conversation culturally appropriate. and structured interview questionnaire responses (see Appendix i).); namely – • Inclusion and connection to community – being valued, respected • Opportunity to age well in one’s own and needed, plus opportunities community and specifically the desire for social interaction and civic by Aboriginal people to age near or engagement. ‘on Country’.

5 / North West Ageing and Aged Care Strategy | 2017 1

• Mobility and access to affordable • Growing collaboration between aged • The feeling of vulnerability and transport options. care providers. uncertainty associated with growing old, and the desire for options/ • Affordable cost of living and • Growing interest and awareness interventions that overcome availability of key services. by local governments in age- loneliness, boredom and helplessness. friendly community concepts, and • Support in accessing information and their expressed desire to develop • The vastness of the North West, aged support services. ageing and aged care policies and and the impact of isolation, low • Strong family connections and action plans. population density and realities interactions. of limited services for many • The contribution of the network of communities. • Services that are sensitive to a art centres across the North West person’s cultural needs. Region that provide extensive support • The complicated nature of the to older people beyond art services ageing and aged care arrangements • Access to social, recreational and and income. accompanied by poor information volunteering opportunities. and/or major misinformation about • The recent investment by the • Advocacy – a trusted voice, someone ageing and ageing options – the need Commonwealth and State to speak on behalf, and support older to streamline and simplify the service governments to expand and improve people. system and provide interaction with renal services in the North West people who can demystify, tackle • Affordability – especially regarding Region. bureaucracy, and help navigate the utilities and travel. • The growing normalisation of the system. • ‘Wrap around’ and ‘seamless’ interface Region (especially in the Pilbara) • Financial challenges for many people with respect to care coordination. following the mining downturn, for in terms of fees and bonds associated example, growing affordability in the with aged care. The coverage of Q2 What works well in terms of housing sector, greater access to needs, subsidies, pricing and user ageing and aged care in the doctor appointments etc. North West Region? contributions are often inconsistent • Certificate 3 in Aged Care (TAFE and inequitable. The consultation process revealed many Course), especially its focus on strengths about current processes and training people to help older structures supporting older residents to Aboriginal people stay ‘on Country’. age well and safely in the North West Region; including – • The high levels of commitment and ‘There is a big push by ‘I just want easier access passion by aged care personnel. government for more online • The openness to change and creative and telephone support. Ideas to aged care services where fresh thinking. being dictated by young there are “no wrong doors”.’ • Commitment of age care providers to computer literate bureaucrats cultural and local relevance in delivery. with no understanding of old Derby Senior • Encouraging creativity being people in remote communities.’ demonstrated by government, NGOs and CBOs in responding to Pilbara Service Provider the challenges of age care support in remote and low population Q3 What are the general expressed settlements. ageing challenges and concerns • Commitment by carers. There are in the North West Region? 300+ carers in the Kimberley. Below is a summary of the key specific • Leadership and innovation being expressed challenges and issues affecting shown by several Aboriginal older residents and their concerns about Corporations in developing ageing ageing in the North West Region – strategies and appropriate elder • The limited options to age well and housing. safely in one’s local community and ‘on Country’.

North West Ageing and Aged Care Strategy | 2017 / 6 • The uncertainty about the proposed • Early ageing of Aboriginal people • Real and perceived financial, physical funding changes with moves to is creating new ageing criteria and and emotional abuse as well as more means tested older person presumptuous needs. Alcohol- related neglect of older people in some contributions. brain damage and foetal alcohol Aboriginal communities. syndrome are major problems that • Lack of acknowledgement that is • In-house palliative care, as well as will result in an increasing demand for attributed to the realities of living and support services (such as dialysis, high care services in the coming years. working in remote areas by Perth and transportation, carers) are vitally Canberra based personnel. needed so as to enable periodic time ‘on Country’ for those living away from • Unknowns associated with the ‘Growing paper work and their home communities. introduction of Consumer Directed Care (CDC) – recipients will have demands by bureaucracy is • Strong desire to continue to live, their funding allocated to a personal constantly creating more non recreate and die near or ‘on Country’. account and the cost of service people interaction activity.’ • Poor knowledge and access by delivery charged against the aforesaid Aboriginal people of government account. The current system allows Derby Service Provider support services, especially in remote a ‘pooling’ of funds which allows communities. coverage of the variable costs by • Growing levels of dementia (especially agencies across a set of participants among Aboriginal people), and lack of • The early ageing of Aboriginal people for example, travel time. adequate response services. and the emergence of new ageing needs, for example, alcohol related • Lack of connectivity within health • The complex labyrinth of paper work Acquired Brain Injury (ABI) and Foetal services – the desire for better and bureaucracy. Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) are collaboration between service • Lack of cross cultural sensitivities, growing problems that will require providers and improved integration of, as well as a paucity of appropriate high care services in the coming years. and management between, services cross cultural interventions at a and the determined stages of life. • Unresolved processes related to management level. remote community closure and • The low levels of literacy and upgrading of town based reserves internet skills that inhibit many older (TBRs). people from coping with the ever • Limited attention given to elderly increasing bureaucratic expectations needs in the strategic plans by many of government, wanting more internet Aboriginal Corporations. and phone contact and less face-to- ‘Alcohol related brain face interaction. • Perceived failure of Native Title royalty monies to instigate elder support • Focus on expenditure, not damage is the big elephant initiatives. relationships. in the room’ • Difficulty with changing cultural mores Q4 What are the specific concerns – Aboriginal families not supporting Broome Health Professional and issues experienced by their elders in the respectful ways older Aboriginal people and they once did. their carers in the NW Region? • Low levels of literacy and numeracy Many of the issues, concerns and fears in Aboriginal communities, combined expressed in Section 1.3 above apply with limited translation services equally to older Aboriginals; but in prevents many older people and their addition, there are other challenges that carers from being able to comprehend need noting; namely – and access information and options. • Importance and relevance of kinship. • When elderly people are alone • Lack of cross cultural sensitivities in without any family support or access some programme and service delivery. to a carer, they are required to travel alone to Perth when travelling under PATS to receive medical attention – this often prevents the patient taking the trip to Perth.

7 / North West Ageing and Aged Care Strategy | 2017 Q5 What are the limitations • An all pervading mentality amongst associated with achieving ‘age- non-Aboriginal people that this is ‘a friendly’ communities within the place you come to make money and North West Region? then leave’ – home and retirement is somewhere else. In response to the concept of ‘age- friendly community’ elements, the • Wider community engagement following are relevant issues – and involvement in aged support initiatives has waned over the years • Most Councils are aware of the ‘aged- including service club projects friendly community’ concepts, but have targeting this sector. not yet translated this awareness into specific ageing plans and strategies. • Most communities have limited As a small demographic, older person volunteer engagement and no real needs are often overlooked, especially strategies to recruit, acknowledge and in relation to regional youth needs. retain volunteers. • General lack of awareness of older • The compelling perception that ‘youth’ person needs within communities. is a greater spending and staffing There is a greater need to priority for local governments. systematically consider the needs of • Limited healthcare options – people older people in the planning of social still have to travel out of the Region services, community facilities and for many healthcare services. public transport. • A lack of education and promotion • Perceptions that older people are about ‘positive ageing’ in the Region. a cost and economic burden to the nation, rather than seeing them as • Lack of specific recreational strategies citizens with rights and a positively at a regional and community level. contributing force, especially • Limited seniors’ recreational with respect to the great benefits programmes in most communities, of intergenerational living and especially physical activities. interactions now supported by recent research. • General shortage of translation services, especially relating to hospital • High cost of living especially in • The need to promote positive societal and information services. relation to utilities, goods and attitudes about aged care and services. • A paucity of awareness of what is on the benefits of talking about, and offer in terms of community activities, planning for aged care. • Unacceptable levels of elder abuse and accessibility to those activities. throughout the Region. • The paucity of services that are • Criticism about the poor state of sensitive and user friendly to • Existence of ageism in various forms. footpaths especially specialist the needs of people of culturally Ageism is ‘a process of systematic access and mobility access, in their and linguistically diverse (CALD) stereotyping of, and discrimination communities. populations. against people simply because they are older’ (Australian Association of Social • The declining resource base of local • The lack of services that are sensitive Workers, 2013). governments, and the ongoing to the needs of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, pressures on budgets of the State and Transgender and Intersex (LGBTI) • The general lack of affordable travel Australian Governments. people. options within communities, between communities and outside of the • The often unintended insensitivity • Importance of work opportunities for Region. Accessible and appropriate about ageism – condescending older people – many cannot live on local transport is a key issue in every speech, images, age discrimination their pension. community. and barriers to employment. • Burgeoning homeless issue for non- • The paucity of comprehension and • The need for the wider community to Aboriginal people in the region. appreciation of the contribution of become more dementia aware and older people to community. that dementia care is integrated as core business throughout the aged care system.

North West Ageing and Aged Care Strategy | 2017 / 8 ‘There is lots of fear and uncertainty about the new model for HACC services after 1 July, 2018.’

HACC Staff, Kimberley

Q6 What are the issues associated • The strong demand by older • The reality of the limited access of with achieving appropriate Aboriginal people for safe housing government funded HACC services, aged housing within the North compounds limited to older people for example, in 2011-12 in Kimberley, West Region? with an onsite ‘caretaker’ and a total of 282 persons in the 70+ regulations relating to visitors. population of 908 received HACC Appropriate older person’s housing is a services i.e. 31%. more pressing issue in the North West • The paucity and/or cost of transport Region than residential care. There are a to support daily activities – shopping; • Limited respite facilities, especially for diverse range of issues associated with medical appointments; and recreation. older Aboriginal people who need a its provision, including the following – break from their homes and families. • The lack of specific appropriate aged • The limited housing stock designated housing in the mining communities of • The unit costs of HACC delivery are for older people – significant shortfall Tom Price and Paraburdoo is a critical very high, especially due to distances in number and not usually purpose- issue for resolution within the Shire of and travel. built. Ashburton. • Respite, rehabilitation and transition • Older Aboriginal people often live Q7 What are the issues associated care are limited, thus undermining in a crowded domestic environment with achieving adequate the ability and health of persons on because there is no choice or they community and home based returning home to their communities want to live in the reassuring comfort care supports within the North following hospital and medical of close proximity family and ‘on West Region? services. Country’. Overwhelmingly, older people in the • Limited Aboriginal staff involved in • Having older Indigenous people North West Region desire to remain HACC services. There are a range of among young people in social housing in community and ‘on Country’, and issues including difficulties with the can often result in major problems experience care at home. Thus, issues recruitment of Aboriginal age care with respect to noise, partying, associated to receiving adequate workers with previous convictions and ‘humbug’ and abuse. community and home care supports are lacking car licences. • A total lack of ‘Lifestyle Villages’ in fundamental, and include – • Cultural challenges for Aboriginal the Region. • The future uncertainty as the home persons working within their own and community care system moves to communities. Consumer Directed Care (CDC).

9 / North West Ageing and Aged Care Strategy | 2017 • The low salary nature of the age care There is a compelling need for an • High care facilities for older people industry coupled with the high cost aged care facility both in Karratha and suffering mental illness in the Pilbara, of living in the Region deters many East Pilbara / Western Desert. particularly for Aboriginal people. people seeking employment in the • Most Aboriginal people do not want to • Dementia care being integrated as industry. go into residential care – they wish to core business throughout the aged • Limited operational hours for age ‘on Country’ and with family. care system – forecasts indicate a HACC services which often exclude significant increase in numbers of • The pertinent challenge is creating a weekends – many clients miss the people, especially Aboriginal people, residential model that maintains the opportunity to attend weekend experiencing dementia. synergistic interface between ‘Country’, community events due to lack of community, family connection and weekend transport options. safe care for older Aboriginal people. • Paternalism associated with the ‘In Aboriginal communities we • The complex nature of regulations and service industry. bureaucracy. are getting young people with • Limited respite options in most rural/ old people’s diseases.’ • The accelerating complex care remote communities. needs of those in residential aged (Kimberley Service Provider) • The functional ability of many care facilities, and the associated informal carers, especially in remote incumbent costs. • Local transport availability and communities to maintain their role – • The reluctance by aged care providers coordination. urgent need for more respite. to build new facilities in the Region, • Limitations and restrictions associated • Lack of ‘wrap-around’ services as scale is often not economically with Patient Assisted Travel Scheme available from the DC (WA Housing viable. (PATS). Authority) in order to assist older • Many older people are in and out tenants to maintain their home in a • Level of provision of community care of hospital due to the lack of an proper and fit manner. and in home supports. appropriate interface between aged care facilities and hospitals. This also • More timely delivery of services to leads to extended stays in hospitals. older people, especially healthcare. ‘This “we are here to take care • The challenge of maintaining the • Appropriate housing – safe, secure, of you” mindset can rob older connection with ‘Country’ once an age appropriate and cross culturally people of their independence older person goes into a residential appropriate. and personal responsibility.’ aged facility. • Opportunities for more social connections and outings, especially Q9 What are the obvious gaps in (Newman Service Provider) for Aboriginal older people to go ageing and age care service ‘on Country’, fishing trips, more provision? Q8 What are the issues associated opportunities to socialise. with achieving suitable In contrast to other regions of Western residential aged care within Australia and Metropolitan Perth, the the North West Region? North West has many service gaps that ‘75c spent in Perth is $1 in the require an urgent response; namely – Overall, there is a paucity of suitable Kimberley.’ residential aged care facilities and options • Healthcare, especially palliative, in the North West Region, especially oncology, access to personal mobility (Kimberley Stakeholder) in the Pilbara, and a range of issues aids and equipment, allied health, associated with provision; namely – after hours, culturally appropriate services, post hospital care, chronic • Aboriginal and Non-Aboriginal people disease management and mental often require different models of health support. residential care. • Limited access to medical specialists • The inadequate provision of in the region. residential aged care facilities in the Pilbara. Currently the only two • Carer’s support. facilities in the Pilbara are Karlarra • Remote living options. House, South Hedland and Yaandina Frail Aged Care Facility, Roebourne.

North West Ageing and Aged Care Strategy | 2017 / 10 • Need to travel to Perth for • Smarter collaboration between service • The lack of incentives to keep people rehabilitation. providers. working regularly and remotely. • Limited renal health services in the • More extensive cover of allied health • Employment and ageism. Pilbara, especially given the high services. • Isolation and lack of networking incidence of diabetes and other and professional development chronic disease. Q10 What are the key challenges related to recruitment, training opportunities. • More opportunities for greater family and retention of aged care staff • Need for greater engagement of involvement in care. and professionals in the North Aboriginal people in the aged care • Respite – especially 24 hour services. West Region? sector (both professional and carer roles). • Respite, rehabilitation and transition Conversation with aged care personnel care available for people returning to and industry stakeholders revealed • Staff housing availability and their home / communities following a range of employment issues and increasing costs continue to be a health treatment and hospitalisation challenges; namely – major challenge in many communities. – improvements are needed to ‘Care • Image and promotion of the sector Awaiting Placement’ (CAP) where a – especially unendearing to young patient has had health issues dealt people. We are not getting Aboriginal with within the hospital, but are not able to cope at home alone. • The low salaries in the sector, coupled people joining and staying in An additional issue is older people with the high cost of living realities the caring role being returned from Perth medical associated with life in the North West treatment without access to any local Region. Fitzroy Crossing Service Provider rehabilitation support intervention. • The need for greater investment in • More safe houses for older people – cross cultural awareness training and especially Aboriginal people. management. • Improved mobility Infrastructure • The general economic and job of towns – wheelchair and gopher uncertainty in the region affects accessibility etc. working families, especially when one partner is in the mining sector and its support industries.

11 / North West Ageing and Aged Care Strategy | 2017 2

Ageing and Aged Care Support and Services Strategic / Policy Context

This Strategy acknowledges the layered and complex contextual framework which underpins the confronting practicalities of ageing and aged care supports.

International principles and declarations; government, NGOs, industry, academia 2 national and state policies, frameworks and individuals in 70 countries; and has and procedures; and the specific plans General Consultative Status at the United and strategies of local governments Nations and its agencies including the have collectively provided information, World Health Organization. The vision insights, common themes and orientation and mission of the IFA is to effect change with respect to the formulation of that will help create a world of healthy this North West Ageing and Aged Care older people whose rights and choices Strategy. are both protected and respected. This is enacted through the function 2.1 International of the Organisation as a global point At the international level, the principles, of connection for networks of experts declarations and frameworks of three and expertise to influence and shape major international organisations are age-related policy. Notable contributions referred to and drawn upon in relation to to the global ageing agenda include this Strategy. stimulating, collecting, analysing, and disseminating information on rights, International Federation on Ageing (IFA) policies and practices that improve the quality of life of people as they Founded in 1973 and based in Toronto, age by drafting key initiatives, hosting Canada, the IFA is an international NGO and participating in global conferences with a membership base comprising

North West Ageing and Aged Care Strategy | 2017 / 12 and ageing related events, and the • independence; streets and parks, social facilities, and compilation of reports and publications. • participation; health and long-term care; politics; Specifically, key initiatives of the IFA • care; products and technologies; relationships include – • self-fulfilment; and with friends, family, and care givers; and • dignity. cultural and social attitudes and values. • The Declaration of the Rights and Responsibilities of Older Persons (1990); (For a more detailed description of these Another key initiative of WHO is the and five principles refer to the United Nations Age-Friendly World website which Principles for Older Persons, see Appendix supports the Global Network of Age- • The Montreal Declaration on the Rights vii).). friendly Cities and Communities. Cities and Duties of Older People (1999). and communities are encouraged to World Health Organization (WHO) United Nations become members and share age-friendly WHO remains one of the most influential practices and browse the network for Drawing on the aforementioned initiative global organisations in terms of effecting global support and learning. The Global of the IFA, as well as the standards positive change for the rights and needs Network focuses on action at a local already set by the International Plan of of older people. WHO facilitates this level that fosters the full participation Action on Ageing and the conventions, primarily through its Department of Ageing of older people in community life and recommendations and resolutions of and Life Course which organises its work promotes healthy ageing. Currently, the International Labour Organization, according to the five strategic priority the Global Network includes 450 cities the World Health Organization and other areas identified in theGlobal Strategy and and communities in 37 countries, United Nations entities, the UN General Action Plan on Ageing and Health 2016- covering more than 148 million people Assembly, in 1991 adopted the United 2020; namely – commitment to action; worldwide and 13 affiliated programmes. Nations Principles for Older Persons in the creation of age-friendly environments; It is worth acknowledging that the appreciation of the contribution that the transformation of health systems Western Australian Government’s work older persons make to their societies. to meet the needs of older people; the towards making Western Australia The UN encourages Governments to establishment of long-term care systems; more age-friendly has been recognised incorporate five main principles into and continuous data collection and with WHO accepting the State as an the delivery of support services and research. affiliate member of its Global Network programmes for older people; namely – of Age-friendly Cities and Communities. The Department of Ageing and Life Western Australia is the first Australian Course has also produced the 2015 State or Territory to join this prestigious World Report on Ageing and Health which group and will have a significant role outlines a framework for action to foster in supporting age-friendly communities healthy ageing around the following worldwide (Government of Western newly proposed key concepts of Australia, 2017). ‘Healthy Ageing is relevant ‘functional ability’ and ‘intrinsic capacity’. for everybody. It is defined Finally, The WHO’s Global Age-friendly The following definitions are provided by Cities: A Guide (2007) highlights eight as the process of developing the WHO – domains that communities should address in developing the structures and and maintaining the • Healthy Ageing is relevant for everybody. It is defined as the process of developing services that create respectful, safe and functional ability that enables and maintaining the functional ability healthy intergenerational communities. that enables wellbeing in older age. These are listed below, and include, the wellbeing in older age.’ factors and determinants that should • Functional ability is determined by be considered to ensure each domain the person’s intrinsic capacity (the is age-friendly. This document has been combination of all the individual’s universally cited as a key reference physical and mental capacities), in terms of defining the age-friendly relevant environmental factors, and requirements that strongly contribute to the interaction between the two. an older person’s ability to age both well Environmental factors include policies, and ‘in place’. systems, and services related to transport, housing, social protection,

13 / North West Ageing and Aged Care Strategy | 2017 Domain Factors and Determinants

The built environment – outdoor spaces, clean; aesthetically pleasing; well maintained and safe green spaces; adequate and public spaces and buildings frequent seating and shade; clean and accessible public toilets; adequate lighting; appropriate mobility and accessibility features (ramps, lifts, rails, safe surfaces); clear signage; safe roads and pedestrian crossings; safe and well maintained pathways and walkways; well-located and accessible services; special customer service arrangements for older people

Transport – public transport, community affordable; reliable and frequent especially to required destinations; age-friendly transport and personal transport vehicles; public transport systems that respect and account for the specialised needs of older people such as priority seating, friendly and helpful drivers and conductors, discounted fares and personal safety; accessible stops and stations; easy to access information; clear signage; community transport options; affordable taxi services; adequate supports and infrastructure for older drivers such as driving refresher courses and appropriate parking

Housing – independent living, purpose affordable; accessible and affordable utilities; appropriate design; access to built villages, assisted living and safe modification services, maintenance and upkeep, location and community residential facilities integration; availability of housing options and living conditions such as overcrowding, safety and cleanliness

Social participation – inclusive and accessible, affordable and clearly defined activities and events; broad range of intergenerational activities and events, activities and events; appropriate locations, facilities and settings; promotion connections to family and community and awareness of activities and events; address isolation; facilitate community integration

Respect and social inclusion – broader respectful, inclusive and relevant services; anti-ageism public policy; public community perceptions, attitudes and education regarding the needs of older people; facilitate intergenerational and subsequent interactions towards older family connections and interactions; community and economic inclusion people

Civic participation and employment – the broad range of volunteering options that are well supported and accessible; broad active and continued involvement of older range of flexible and anti-discriminatory employment options; programmes, training people in decision making, employment opportunities and services that support older people to stay in the workplace as and volunteering roles long as possible; public education that celebrates the role and contribution of older people; options to participate in official decision making roles and opportunities; support for older entrepreneurs

Communication – accessibility of accessible information through a range of age appropriate mediums – oral, information and a variety of channels written, seminars, workshops; affordable and accessible media, computer and through which services and information internet services; training and support for computer and internet use; appropriate are accessed information for hearing and sight impaired older people

Community support and health services accessible and affordable health services; broad range of health services; accessible – age specific and specialised community and broad range of community support services on offer; wrap around and holistic support and health services care services; individualised care; emergency planning and care services; financial planning services

(For more information on these eight domains, see the WHO’s Age Friendly Guide, 2007).

North West Ageing and Aged Care Strategy | 2017 / 14 The Framework highlights the need for all sectors to ‘take action and plan together’ in delivering robust aged care support and services.

2.2 National Documents: −− Blueprint for an Ageing Australia, Per Capita Australia, 2014 The following National documents are considered important to the context of −− National Ageing and Aged Care this Strategy; namely – Strategy for People from Culturally and Linguistically Diverse (CALD) −− Aged Care Act 1997, Commonwealth Backgrounds, Commonwealth of of Australia Australia, 2013 −− Aged Care (Living Longer Living Better) −− National Palliative Care Strategy 2010 – Act 2013, Commonwealth of Australia Supporting Australians to Live Well at the −− Carers Recognition Act 2010, End of Life, Commonwealth of Australia Commonwealth of Australia −− National Disability Strategy 2010-2020, −− 2016 Report on Funding and Financing of Commonwealth of Australia, 2011 the Aged Care Industry, The Aged Care −− Ageing in Australia, Australian Financing Authority Association of Social Workers, 2013 −− The Future of Australia’s Aged Care −− An Ageing Australia: Preparing for the Sector Work, Submission to Senate, Future, Productivity Commission, 2013 Alzheimer’s Australia, 2016 −− National Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, −− Aged Care in Rural and Remote Transgender and Intersex (LGBTI) Ageing Australia, Rural Doctors Association of and Aged Care Strategy, Commonwealth Australia, 2017 of Australia, 2012 −− Meeting residents’ care needs: A study of −− Caring for Older Australians, Productivity the requirement for nursing and personal Commission, 2011 care staff, Australian Nursing and Midwifery Federation, 2016

15 / North West Ageing and Aged Care Strategy | 2017 2.3 Western Australian Documents: −− Age Friendly WA Toolkit, Department of −− Situational Analysis of Aged Care in Local Government and Communities, the Pilbara, Pilbara Development Western Australia’s over-arching policy Government of Western Australia, 2015 Commission, 2011 document that addresses ageing is An Age-Friendly WA: The Seniors −− An Age-friendly WA? A challenge for −− Aged Care, City of Karratha, 2016 Strategic Planning Framework 2012-2017 government, Community Development −− Briefing for Kimberley Region: Statewide (Government of Western Australia, and Justice Standing Committee, Ageing in the Bush Project, Verso 2013). It identifies five key pathways to Government of Western Australia, 2014 Consulting, 2014 achieving an age-friendly WA; namely – −− Wheatbelt Aboriginal Aged Care −− 2036 and Beyond: A Regional • Promoting health and wellbeing. Framework, Wheatbelt Development Blueprint for the Kimberley, Kimberley Commission, 2014 • Access to essential services. Development Commission, 2015 −− Strategic Directions 2015-2018; • Economic security and protection −− Pilbara Regional Investment Blueprint – Healthier Country Communities Through of rights. Summary Report and Technical Report, Partnership and Innovation, WA Country Pilbara Development Commission, • Welcoming and well-planned Health Service, 2015 2015 communities. −− Elder Abuse Protocol: Guidelines −− Pilbara Planning and Infrastructure • Opportunities to contribute. for Action, Department of Local Framework, Western Australian Government and Communities & Planning Commission and Department This Framework was developed following Department of Health, Government of of Planning, 2012 the involvement of the Department of Western Australia, 2013 Communities (formerly the Department −− Pilbara Development Commission for Local Government and Communities) −− Model of care for the older person in Strategic Plan 2014-2017, Pilbara and the City of Melville in the World Western Australia, WA Health Networks, Development Commission Health Organization’s ‘Age-friendly Cities Aged Care Network, ND. Project’. The Framework highlights the −− Kimberley Regional Planning and −− Mental Health 2020: Making it Personal need for all sectors to ‘take action and Infrastructure Framework Part A: and Everybody’s Business, Mental plan together’ in delivering robust aged Regional Strategic Planning, Western Health Commission, Government of care support and services. Australian Planning Commission, 2015 Western Australia, ND. Other relevant State documents include – −− Kimberley Regional Planning and 2.4 Regional Documents: Infrastructure Framework Part B: −− Bi Lateral Agreement between the Regional Infrastructure Planning, Commonwealth and Western Australia: This Strategy considers the following as Western Australian Planning Transitioning Responsibilities for Aged important resources in formulating this Commission, 2015. Care and Disability Services in Western Strategy – Australia, Commonwealth of Australia and Government of Western Australia, 2017 −− Western Australian Health Promotion Strategic Framework 2017–2021, Department of Health, Government of Western Australia, 2017 −− Senior Housing Strategy: Discussion Paper, Housing Authority, Government of Western Australia, 2016 −− Ageing in the Bush, Wheatbelt Development Commission, 2016 −− Age Friendly Cluster Housing Business Case Development Guide, Wheatbelt Development Commission, 2016 −− WA Volunteering Strategy, Department of Local Government and Communities, Government of Western Australia, 2016

North West Ageing and Aged Care Strategy | 2017 / 16 Summary of Ageing and Aged Care Support and Services Contextual Framework

Given the broad scope in terms of the number and breadth of the various supports, services and programmes that are available to older people and, the involvement of all three levels of government and the non-government sector, as well as the private sector and the role of family members, volunteer and community 3 based services, it is only possible to give a general overview of the main support and services provided.

Furthermore, due to the fact that older encourages and supports ‘healthy ageing’ people are able to access ‘mainstream’ and ‘ageing in place’, where the broad support and services (for example, aim is to keep older people at home, health care, housing support and income within the community and autonomous support) that are available to the general and independent for as long as possible. population, it is challenging to identify Not only is this a more cost effective exactly what is provided to older people approach, it aligns with the desires of and at what cost. older people themselves. Aged care supports and services in Australia are With a rapidly ageing population delivered in both a residential and contributing to the financial challenge of community based setting. Aged care all levels of governments, it is a continual services are provided on the basis of task to find smarter and creative ways to need rather than specific age criteria meet the requirements of older people. and, it is believed that an older person The policy tendency has shifted towards generally requires the highest level of creating the type of environment that care in the last two years of their life.

17 / North West Ageing and Aged Care Strategy | 2017 3

However, it needs to be taken one step care needs using the Aged Care Funding • a government funded market that further. The satirical concept of ‘’ageing Instrument to determine the government requires potential providers to disgracefully” – elderly people with a subsidy payable for that consumer. A undergo an approval process to be twinkle in their eyes and a spring in Carer Gateway is in place to provide eligible to provide care. Funding flows their step is a broad spectrum concept practical information and resources to directly from government to providers of ageing that encourages people to age support carers. on behalf of eligible consumers within with passion purpose and hope. How can the government funded market; Older Australians with different needs governments and communities at every are supported through a variety of • a mixed market where providers level be encouraged and inspired to programmes and services. Government can deliver services to self-funding proactively facilitate this concept? funding supports the National Ageing consumers as well as government My Aged Care is the entry point into the and Aged Care Strategy for People from funded consumers; and aged care system. It assists older people, Culturally and Linguistically Diverse • a private market of aged care services their families and carers to access aged (CALD) Backgrounds, National Lesbian, operates outside of aged care specific care information, and find Commonwealth Gay, Bisexual, Transgender and Intersex regulation and only for self-funded funded aged care services in their local (LGBTI) Ageing and Aged Care Strategy, consumers. area. It includes a website, contact a linking service, Commonwealth Home centre, central client record, web-based Support Programme Assistance with Care Consumers are primarily responsible for portals for consumers, assessors and and Housing for the Aged, the National their accommodation and everyday living service providers and the ability for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander costs, as they have been throughout their providers to self-manage information Flexible Aged Care Programme, Dementia lives. Generally, consumer contributions about the services they deliver. Current and Aged Care Services Flexible fund, are capped by government. support services for existing and/or interpreting services for government potential aged care consumers include funded aged care providers, and a advocacy programmes, Community Viability Supplement for rural and remote Visitors Scheme, Home Care Today providers. Furthermore, the Charter of website, Financial Information Service and Care Recipients’ Rights and Responsibilities Aged Care Complaints Scheme. — Residential Care and the Home Care Common Standards include equity and Consumers currently seeking government access to care that takes into account the funded aged care services contact My unique characteristics and circumstances During 2014-2015, nationally, Aged Care in the first instance.My Aged of each consumer. The Government plays Care contact centre staff ask them 231,000 people were in an important role in addressing barriers a number of questions in order to for consumers with different needs where permanent residential aged understand and ascertain their needs. there is an insufficient market response. Consumers may then be referred to care, 53,000 people were either a Regional Assessment Service During 2014-2015, nationally, 231,000 in respite residential aged (RAS), for consumers who have entry people were in permanent residential level aged care needs; or an Aged Care aged care, 53,000 people were in respite care, 84,000 people received Assessment Team (ACAT), for consumers residential aged care, 84,000 people a Home Care Package and who have more complex aged care received a Home Care Package and needs. Consumers are prioritised for approximately 812,000 people accessed approximately 812,000 people assessment depending on their needs HACC services (Australian Institute of and circumstances. Once assessed by Health and Welfare). Aged care services accessed HACC services. either a RAS or an ACAT, the consumer is and care types are rationed, with referred to potential providers to begin Government determining the overall (Australian Institute of Health receiving care. Providers determine who supply and distribution through the use and Welfare) receives care based on availability and of population-based service provision the provider’s view regarding relative target ratios (growing from 113 places for need. Funding level is determined in every 1,000 people aged over 70 years a variety of ways, largely based on to 125 places by 2021–22) and the the assessment by providers. In home allocation of grants. Government has a care, the aged care provider will also role in providing assistance to address assess the consumer (in more detail) insufficient market response, through in order to develop a care plan that is flexible funding streams and capital fit for purpose and consumer directed grants. However, as with the rest of the in its approach. The residential aged system, these are limited. Three distinct care provider assesses the consumer’s markets currently exist –

North West Ageing and Aged Care Strategy | 2017 / 18 Government provides support for greater consistency in quality assurance accommodation and living costs on While providers are responsible arrangements and the promotion behalf of low means residents. Providers for attracting and maintaining of better practice across end-to-end aged are generally responsible for sourcing the formal aged care workforce, care. The Agency accredits and monitors capital finance and rely heavily on residential and home-based aged care lump sum deposits from consumers. both government and providers providers against mandatory standards Government guarantees the repayment have roles in delivering a which underpin the aged care regulatory of consumers’ lump sums should an workforce of sufficient quality framework. On 1 January 2016, the role of aged care home be unable to refund complaints management was separated these. Contributions are not currently and quantity. from the funding and regulation of aged based on ability to contribute. Care costs care services to improve confidence are paid for by government (through Funding of vocational and higher in aged care complaints handling subsidies/block-funding), and consumers education opportunities is provided. processes. Quality Indicators (defined (based on assets, and/or income, and Government is currently establishing measures that relate to the outcomes of provider determined fees). The respective priorities to recognise, support and care and services) are being progressively contributions of each party vary greatly sustain the critical work of carers. A implemented with an initial focus on depending on the care type and do not national carer gateway that includes quality of care in residential care. consistently take account of consumers’ a website, service finder and national capacity to contribute to the costs of contact centre is in place to support 3.1 Commonwealth Government their care. carers. According to the Parliament of Australia (2003) and The Australian Institute The aged care system is supported by The Australian Aged Care Quality Agency of Health and Welfare (2017), the formal and informal (families, friends, is the lone organisation responsible Commonwealth Government provides the neighbours, carers and volunteers) for quality assurance across the aged following payments and funds support, workforce groups, each playing an care sector. As a single organisation either specifically to the aged community important and strategically functional responsible for quality control, it seeks to or through mainstream programmes that role in providing care and support. Of spotlight a compelling need for a unified the aged can access: these groups, informal carers provide the focus and commitment, to achieving majority of care for older Australians.

Government is currently establishing priorities to recognise, support and sustain the critical work of carers.

19 / North West Ageing and Aged Care Strategy | 2017 • Age pensions. −− the My Aged Care information gateway and database (both online and • Rent assistance and disability telephone services); payments. −− the regional assessment services • Residential aged care services (for (RAS); and example, the funding of residential aged facilities) are delivered in −− the aged care assessment team two ways – (ACAT) assessment process used to determine what level of care an older −− Permanent – eligibility for a person requires. permanent place at a residential aged care is determined through • Home and community care support ACAT assessment processes. The in the form of the following level of care required by an individual packages and programmes (with the is determined by the Aged Care Government of Western Australia); Funding Instrument (ACFI) which these include the following – generates an overall score which is −− Commonwealth Home Support then used to determine a government Programme (CHSP) and the HACC subsidy amount. Programme – entry level assistance −− Respite – respite care is either and support designed to keep older planned or received on an emergency people within the community and basis to older people who are able to independent for as long as possible. return to their own home, but require The Programme is available to those temporary residential aged care. It aged 65 and over (50 and over for supports older people in transition Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander stages of health, and also provides people) and their carers. The CHSP carers with a break. Respite residential and/or HACC Programme typically care is offered as either low or high includes assistance with – domestic level care and does not use the ACFI, care; everyday household tasks; instead the government provides meals and feeding; personal care; a pre-determined, corresponding participation in social activities and subsidy amount determined through transport to keep up with personal ACAT assessment processes. administration activities such as shopping, banking etc. The CHSP and of services to support an older person • Medical and pharmaceutical benefits. HACC Programme also provide centre living at home. As those needs • Public housing (with the Government based day care facilities and day increase and become more complex, of Western Australia via the operation respite services. Only older Australians an older person will be transitioned of the Commonwealth-State Housing in Western Australia currently receive into a higher level care package. A Agreement). HACC services, the other states and Home Care Package typically contains territories have already transitioned a combination of the following range • Hospital services and acute care (with to the CHSP as part of the aged care of services – transport services, the Government of Western Australia). reform package announced in 2012 domestic assistance, personal care, • Disability services (with the (see Section below Aged Care Reforms). social support, aids and equipment, Government of Western Australia via nursing, allied health and other −− Home Care Packages (HCP) Levels 1 the operation of the Commonwealth- clinical services. Home Care Packages to 4 – designed to meet the needs of State/Territory Disability Agreement). also include the delivery of the older people who require more than following supplements where eligible • Advocacy services (with the just basic assistance with daily living. – The Dementia and Cognition Government of Western Australia). HCPs offer an alternative to residential Supplement in Home Care, The aged care and are designed to provide • Palliative Care (with the Government Veterans’ Supplement in Home Care, clients with an individually tailored of Western Australia). Oxygen Supplement, Enteral Feeding and co-ordinated package of services Supplement, Viability Supplement, • Information, referral and assessment to support them to live independently Top-up Supplement and Hardship services (with the Government in the community for as long as Supplement. of Western Australia) – includes possible. A package contains a range operation of

North West Ageing and Aged Care Strategy | 2017 / 20 −− Flexible Care Packages – designed to −− Veterans Home Care – delivers in- • Age-friendly infrastructure and meet people’s needs in mixed delivery home support services to eligible amenities. settings and in ways other than veterans and their widows or • Transport assistance. those provided through mainstream widowers, and the services available residential aged care and home and are similar to those offered through • Home and community based care. community care. Quite often these the CHSP. People who are eligible • Information services. packages are designed to meet the for VHC but require higher level needs of older people living in rural of personal or nursing care may • Legal aid. and remote areas. Flexible Care be referred to the DVA Community • Advocacy (the Department of Packages include – Transition Care Nursing Programme. Communities plays a leading role in Programme, Short-term Restorative Care (The Australian Institute of Health and encouraging a coordinated response Programme, Innovative Care, Multi- Welfare, 2017 and Commonwealth of to the implementation of the State Purpose Services, National Aboriginal Australia, 2017). Government’s policy priorities for and Torres Strait Islander Flexible seniors). Aged Care Programme and Support The Commonwealth also provides Services for Remote and Indigenous support and assistance to carers of the • Seniors’ Cards that allow discounts on Aged Care which operates through elderly, both in the form of support a range of products and services. the establishment of the Remote and payments (for example, the Carer Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Payment and the Carer Allowance) and 3.3 Local Government Aged Care Service Development support services (for example, funding According to the Parliament of Assistance Panel (SDAP) to address for carer respite centres, carer resource Australia (2003) and the Department of the challenges in maintaining and centres and other national programmes). Communities (2017), the role of local delivering culturally appropriate and Much of the Commonwealth’s general governments in providing support and quality aged care services in remote expenditure for older Australians is in the services to older Australians generally and very remote areas. fields of health, disability support and involves providing – housing/accommodation. • Age-friendly infrastructure and 3.2 Government of amenities. Western Australia • Various levels of rate relief and According to the Parliament of Australia discounts for older people and (2003) and the Government of Western pensioners. Australia (2011), the State Government ‘Many residential aged primarily provides a range of health, • Direction pertaining to land care facilities, support housing and welfare services for older management matters relating people. The Government of Western to health and aged specific organisations and aged care Australia also operates a number of accommodation. programmes are directly residential aged care facilities and • Services such as home help, the provide, often with joint Commonwealth running of Senior Citizen’s clubs and run by the community and funding, services and support such as: other older person oriented clubs and charitable sector.’ • Respite care. organisations. • Carer assistance. • Various health and lifestyle activities, programmes and supports that • Dementia support programmes. contribute to the creation of age- friendly communities (for example the • End of life care at home, including SilverSport Programme). Palliative Care (via the Department of Health supported by Commonwealth Local governments provide these Government initiatives). supports and services through rate revenue and support and funding • Support Programmes to assist in the from the State and Commonwealth creation of age-friendly communities Governments. (for example, the development of local government ageing strategies and the WA Seniors Awards).

21 / North West Ageing and Aged Care Strategy | 2017 3.4 Non-Government Organisations (NGOs) As well as government support there is a large range of services and support provided to the elderly by the non-government sector. Many non- government organisations receive State and Commonwealth funding to run ageing and aged care services and programmes. Many residential aged care facilities, support organisations and aged care programmes are directly run by the community and charitable sector. Non- government organisations also include peak bodies such as – • Council on the Ageing (COTA) • Advocare • Aged and Community Services Australia (ACSA) • Aged Care Development Network • Carers Australia • National Seniors Association • Alzheimer’s Australia • Dementia Care Australia • Advance Care Planning Australia • Palliative Care Australia • WA Centre for Health and Ageing. Ideally, older Australians seeking access 3.5 Other Involvement An older person experiencing to aged care services enter the system The private sector is also involved with a high level of social isolation requiring entry level assistance (in the the provision of support and services form of home and community care) to for the aged, particularly with respect to will require more services or a remain in the community. To do this, residential aged care and health services higher level of care. they must first contact the nationalMy on a commercial basis. Aged Care gateway service either online or through the national call centre. Finally, not to be dismissed is the Community through service clubs and After an initial phone assessment, significant role of family, friends and local initiatives continue to provide older Western Australians are then the broader community in supporting significant support initiatives, for redirected back to the Western Australian older people. Quite often, older people example, fund raising for pensioner Regional Assessment Service (RAS) and receive formal and informal help and units, establishing a hydro therapy pool, assessed through the Western Australian assistance from family and friends. The purchasing a community bus etc. Assessment Framework. They can be level of commitment required of carers 3.6 Navigating Ageing and Aged referred to the RAS in Western Australia is often not reflected in the payments through a health service, service provider they receive. Whilst formal home and Care Support and Services in Western Australia or through self-referral. Following an community based care supports are assessment, if eligible for entry level necessary, the level of formal care Navigating the system to access ageing assistance, the RAS provides a referral an older person requires is heavily and aged care support and services in code which older people in Western influenced by their connection to family, Western Australia has been described Australia can then use to access the friends and community and the level of as complex and confusing. The delivery HACC Programme through an approved informal care they receive. of ageing and aged care supports in provider. The HACC Programme is Western Australia differs from the rest of jointly funded through the State and Australia as Western Australia is yet to Commonwealth Governments. The CHSP fully comply with the aged care reforms is the equivalent of the HACC Programme passed in June, 2013. for older Australians living outside of Western Australia and is funded by the Commonwealth Government.

North West Ageing and Aged Care Strategy | 2017 / 22 Older Australians do not always enter set to be implemented over five years As an older person’s aged care the ageing and aged care support and from July 2012 to June 2017, and were needs become more complex service system at an entry level. For designed to deliver more support and and they require more services example, if an older person suffers a care at home (via an increase in the severe stroke, they would immediately be number of available packages), additional and a higher level of care referred to undertake ACAT assessment home and residential care places, a coordination, they are generally processes for entry into a higher level focus on greater consumer choice and identified by service providers of care. Similarly, a high level of support control, greater recognition of diversity from family and friends often means an (supporting older Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, for reassessment for transition older person may not require entry level Transgender and Intersex, and Culturally into a higher level of care. assistance and therefore may only access and Linguistically Diverse people), and aged care support and services when support to carers. A summary of the what their needs become more complex. was entailed and implemented in the Assessment for a higher level of aged care reforms is given below. care beyond the HACC Programme is 3.7 Aged Care Reforms conducted through a comprehensive ACAT • Service referrals through a centralised assessment processes for HCP’s (Levels In response to the complex challenges information and assessment gateway 1 to 4), respite services and residential presented by a rapidly ageing My Aged Care started from 1 July aged care. Older Western Australians who population, the Australian Government 2015 (except in Western Australia have undertaken an ACAT assessment announced its reform package for aged and Victoria), along with the new and are deemed eligible for a HCP or care – Living Longer, Living Better in April, My Aged Care Regional Assessment place at a residential aged care facility 2012 in response to the Productivity Service (RAS). Staff at the My Aged are entered into the My Aged Care Commission’s 2011 Caring for Older Care contact centre create a central portal / database and then placed on a Australians Report. In June, 2013, the client record and determine which national waitlist. Packages and places are Living Longer, Living Better Reforms was services may be appropriate. They awarded based on need. effected as legislation. The reforms were may refer the person for either a

23 / North West Ageing and Aged Care Strategy | 2017 home support assessment conducted support to achieve similar outcomes by the RAS (which may lead to a to those they were achieving referral to Commonwealth Home prior to the changes. From 2019, Support Programmeme services), or a support will continue under the new ‘HACC is working. comprehensive assessment conducted Commonwealth Continuity of Support by an ACAT. An ACAT must assess and Programmeme, or other relevant Why would you change it?’ approve a person before they can Commonwealth programmes, where access government funded residential they are assessed to best support the Kimberley Stakeholder aged care, Home Care Packages or client’s needs. flexible aged care services (such as • The HCP Programme commenced Transition Care). on 1 August 2013, replacing the • The CHSP launched on 1 July 2015, former community packaged care and consolidated four existing programmes, namely Community Aged programmes: Home and Community Care Packages (CACP), Extended Aged Care (HACC), National Respite for Care at Home (EACH) and Extended Carers (NRCP), Day Therapy Centre Aged Care at Home Dementia (DTC) Programme, and the Assistance (EACHD). Since 1 July 2015, all new with Care and Housing for the Aged and existing Home Care Packages (ACHA) Programme. Essentially, have been delivered on a Consumer through the CHSP, the Commonwealth Directed Care (CDC) basis, whereby Government assumed full funding and older people make decisions about administration for entry level home the types of care and services they and community based care supports receive within their individualised and services. budget, and the way those services are delivered. • Western Australia is the last State to transit completely to the national • The CDC approach (as opposed to system outlined in the aged care previous block funding models) has reforms and delivered through My been identified as inappropriate Aged Care. However, as of 1 July for regional and remote areas due 2018, the current Western Australian to limited service providers, lack of HACC Programme will transit to economies of scale and the nuances the CHSP. This will enable the of regional and remote areas. For Commonwealth to have full funding example, currently, recipients of HACC policy and operational responsibility services in Balgo are cross subsidised for the delivery of aged care with regard to the transport costs services nationally. Both the State involved in their service delivery. and Commonwealth Governments This will not be possible with a CDC have committed funding and approach. The decision to employ a programmes to ensure the delivery CDC approach in regional and remote of a smooth transition. Two-year Australia is currently being reviewed. funding agreements will be offered • Reforms to residential aged care to eligible HACC service providers include – the elimination of low and and assessment services in Western high care distinctions which allows Australia transitioning to the CHSP service providers to charge bonds; from 1 July 2018. the introduction of means testing and • Clients of the Western Australian fee capping; alterations to funding specialist disability system aged 65 instruments to reduce government or over (or 50 and over for Aboriginal subsidy levels; and an increase in and Torres Strait Islander people) subsidies for older people in a lower who will not be eligible for the NDIS socio economic demographic and, for will be assured access to continued facilities in regional and remote areas.

North West Ageing and Aged Care Strategy | 2017 / 24 Overview of Ageing and Aged Care Supports in the North West

This Section provides a regional description and situational analysis of ageing and aged care supports that currently exist in the eight local government areas across the North West Region.

The description and situational analysis 4.1 Regional Description briefly outlines facilities, programmes and 4 4.1.1. Age-Friendly Communities initiatives and service providers currently active within the following four ‘planks’ Age-friendly communities includes of ageing and aged care; namely – any actions and/or infrastructure that support older residents to age well, • Age-Friendly Communities. remain active and socially engaged in • Appropriate Aged Housing. their communities. The WHO’s focus on • Community and Home Based Care creating age-friendly communities is an Supports. effective and widely adopted local policy • Residential Aged Care. approach for responding to population As mentioned, this Strategy has adopted ageing. An individual’s ability to age well, the ‘four planks’ framework from the that is, to remain healthy, active, socially Regional Development Council’s Ageing in connected, independent and autonomous the Bush Strategy (2016) supported by the for as long as possible is determined by WHO’s Global Guide for age-friendly cities their physical and social environment. and communities (2007) as frameworks According to the Western Australian to describe current ageing and aged care Department of Communities Senior supports and identify gaps across the Strategic Planning Framework (2016), and North West Region. the WHO’s Global Guide for age-friendly cities and communities (2007), an age- friendly community is one that –

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• recognises and celebrates the clinics, allied health clinics and Aboriginal With regard to renal services, WACHS in diversity of older people and the wide medical services (see next section conjunction with Kimberley Aboriginal range of skills, passions, interests ‘Situational Analysis’ for further details on Medical Services provides renal services and immense knowledge that they health service providers). The WA Primary across the Kimberley including dialysis contribute to community; Health Alliance (WAPHA) also operates and renal support services. Construction across the North West Region and works is under way on a $6.3 million purpose- • promotes and creates opportunities towards improving the health outcomes built 20-bed renal hostel in Derby and for the inclusion and contribution and patient experiences through the a $3.6 million four-chair renal dialysis of older people in all areas of commissioning of appropriate services unit in Fitzroy Crossing, as part of the community life; where they are most needed. Commonwealth Government’s Bringing • positively encourages and respects Renal Dialysis and Support Services Aboriginal Medical Services (AMS) across the decisions and lifestyle choices of Closer to Home project. The project will the North West Region provide holistic, older people; and expand the number of renal chairs in culturally appropriate care providing the Kimberley to 30, with 49 dedicated • pro-actively anticipates and responds community education programmes renal hostel beds. In the Pilbara, WACHS to the needs and preferences of as well as acute medical services, are the only providers of renal services older people. medication, home based services and operating from Hedland Health Campus. transport. In its application to the regional context The Hedland Renal Unit is only a 12 bed of the North West Region, this Strategy For older people in the North West facility. Marwankarra Health Service (AMS) uses five broad categories to map age- Region, current health services meet in Roebourne provide a dialysis room for friendly communities; namely – basic needs; however, there are major patients to utilise dialysis equipment; gaps in the delivery and consistency however, this functions much like home Health Services of the aforesaid services. The fallout dialysis and no medical assistance is The WHO (2017) has identified three core impacts are most significant in the provided. Renal facilities are due to be principles for the effective delivery of following health services – constructed in Roebourne along with extra support facilities for Port Hedland. appropriate health services that meet the • geriatric care; It is worth noting that Aboriginal people needs of older people; namely – • specialist services; from remote areas have incidence • oncology care; • to develop and ensure access to rates of end stage kidney disease up • palliative care; health services that provide older- to 30 times higher than the national • renal services; person-centred, ‘wrap-around’, holistic incidence rate (Government of Western • chronic disease management; and integrated care; Australia, 2016). • mental health services; • to orient systems around intrinsic • transitional and rehabilitation capacity; and services; and • to achieve a sustainable and • procurement of mobility aids. appropriately trained health workforce. Older people requiring these health Essentially, the WHO promulgates a services either have to wait for a The largest provider of transformation of health systems away visiting service or travel to receive the from disease-based curative models and service. This is often not a desirable or health services for older feasible option. The Patient Assisted towards the provision of older-person- people across the North centred and integrated care. Travel Scheme (PATS) provides a subsidy towards the cost of travel and West Region is the WA The largest provider of health services accommodation for eligible patients for older people across the North travelling long distances to seek certain Country Health Service. West Region is the WA Country Health categories of specialist medical services. Service (WACHS). WACHS operate all the PATS has been described by many hospital facilities across the North West stakeholders as grossly inadequate in Region as well as, Population Health terms of understanding and meeting Units, Community Health Units, chronic the requirements of patients. PATS is disease management and the Older also culturally inappropriate. Aboriginal Person Initiative (this Initiative runs from patients are often sent to health services Regional hospitals only). WACHS also in regions where they have no support provide the ACAT assessment service for or local knowledge, inadequate resources older people requiring high level care to fund their journey and those who do (Home Care Packages) or residential aged not speak English, have no access to care. WACHS are supported by private GP translation services.

North West Ageing and Aged Care Strategy | 2017 / 26 According to Verso Consulting (2014), dementia is not well recognised as a major health issue in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander populations, despite research indicating a higher incidence of the disease in rural and remote communities.

Studies conducted in the Kimberley region and North Queensland found the prevalence of dementia to be five times higher than the general Australian population.

The Kimberley Indigenous Cognitive Assessment (KICA) was developed in response to the need for a cognitive screening tool for older Indigenous Australians (45 years plus) living in rural and remote areas. The needs for older adults with dementia are complex. An extra degree of complexity is added for individual patient care. The Integrated Sport, Recreational and Social Clubs, remote or rurally located Indigenous Team Care (ITC) model for chronic Organisations and Activities disease management is an example of people with dementia owing to their Maintaining connections to community, how this type of model of care may be location and cultural context. and having access to opportunities that implemented. In Karratha and Roebourne, enable older people to actively contribute There is strongly expressed need for service providers have created their own to community life and exercise their gifts, more holistic, smarter, wrap around care local model – a ‘combined community skills, passions and interests, has been with greater levels of communication care team’ which meet monthly to discuss highlighted as one of the most important between service providers around the best possible responses to meet the factors in improving an older person’s needs of shared older clients. ability to age well in their community In the Pilbara, $207 million has recently (WHO, 2007 and Seniors Recreation been spent to construct a new hospital in Council of WA, 2017). Karratha – the largest medical investment ever in regional Australia. The recent ‘The local pool is Newman Hospital redevelopment costing Internationally, the WHO $60 million involved no targeted aged the lifeline of my life. care facilities. definition of positive mental health is ‘a state of well-being It keeps me young.’ Quintessentially, the current health services in the North West Region in which the individual realises Kimberley Stakeholder fail to meet the particular needs and his or her own abilities, can requirements of an ageing population. cope with the normal stresses This is a major and prime factor of life, can work productively impeding the Region’s appeal as a desirable place to retire and age well, and fruitfully, and is able to and one of the major reasons older make a contribution to his or people leave the region. However, for her community’. many older people, especially older Aboriginal people, permanent relocation is not an option.

27 / North West Ageing and Aged Care Strategy | 2017 addressed this issue in Roebourne people across the North West Region Remaining connected to formal by starting an informal group called and many service providers seek to fulfil and informal community based ‘Val and Kathy’s Crafty Kitchen’. With their wishes. Transport and logistic issues networks as people age is support from ‘Act Belong Commit’, ‘Val regarding health and accessibility can and Kathy’s Crafty Kitchen’ provide a make it difficult to achieve, although not only good for mental and weekly opportunity for older Aboriginal some service providers work very hard to physical health, it also reduces people (predominantly women) to collaborate to fulfil the wishes of older the strain on services as older socialise and undertake craft and cooking Aboriginal people in this regard. Juniper’s activities. The initiative has grown Guwardi Ngadu Residential Aged Care people naturally gain support into an intergenerational success with Facility in Fitzroy Crossing has recently from the community. younger community members joining in. purchased a four-wheel drive bus to be The practice of holding ‘yarning circles’ able to take their residents on ‘back to in the Roebourne area has also been Country’ trips. EPIS throughout the East As well as the social and health benefits highlighted as a successful means of Pilbara are facilitating creative ways to gained by older people who are well engaging older Aboriginal people with fulfil this invaluable service. connected to their communities, the each other and community. It is also an immense tangible and intangible social inspiring example of autotelic community and economic value that older people engagement. contribute to the community through volunteering should not be over looked. The role of art centres needs highlighting. Overall, volunteerism levels in the They provide safe places for older North West Region are low and more Aboriginal people to socialise and gain could be done to increase volunteering support. Art centres are particularly opportunities for older people. One such strong across the Kimberley Region. organisation looking to connect older Many art centres acknowledge that their people through a targeted volunteering role within the community as places programme is Broome Circle in the to create, buy and sell art pales in Kimberley. comparison to their role as safe places where older people can go to get In larger regional centres like Broome, some respite and assistance – a meal, Kununurra, Port Hedland and Karratha, assistance with personal administration there are sufficient opportunities for and dealing with bureaucracy and a place older people to remain socially active to socialise. In addition, they become and connected to community through an effective vehicle for intergenerational targeted opportunities. Formal clubs and activity. Examples of art centres which organisations that older people tend to provide this type of service are – be involved with include sporting and Waringarri Aboriginal Arts (Kununurra), recreations clubs (for example, bowls, Warmun Art Centre (Warmun), Yarliyil Art golf), services clubs (for example, RSL, Centre (Halls Creek), Spinifex Hill Studios CWA, Soroptimists, Rotary), churches (South Hedland) and Martumili Artists and social clubs (Autumn Clubs, Over (Newman). Some Aboriginal Corporations 50’s Clubs, Men’s Shed, Seniors Groups). also actively engage their older members (See next section ‘Situational Analysis’ for in the preservation of language and further details on sport, recreational and culture; these include Wangka Maya social clubs, organisations and activities Pilbara Aboriginal Language Centre (Port for older people in situ). Hedland), Juluwarlu Group Aboriginal In smaller towns, for example in Marble Corporation (Roebourne) and Nyamba Bar, Roebourne and Halls Creek, there Buru Yawuru Aboriginal Corporation is often an abysmal paucity of these (Broome). opportunities. In these locations, the Aside from art centres, older Aboriginal local HACC service becomes the primary people universally express a strong provider of social and recreational desire to be taken ‘back to Country’ and opportunities for older people. It is on fishing trips as their top choices for worthwhile noting the initiative taken social and recreational activities. This by two local Roebourne women who choice is recognised by older Aboriginal

North West Ageing and Aged Care Strategy | 2017 / 28 The aforementioned arrangement is just gap in advocacy services that protect short of a parody and not an effective and seek to improve the human and civil or practical option for older people, rights of older people across Australia ‘The Centrelink system especially older Aboriginal and Torres and make reference to upholding the Strait Islander people who face literacy United Nations Principles for Older Persons. is horrifying – an 1800 and language barriers. Essentially, the There is little to no dedicated advocacy current Gateway system for accessing service relating to the needs and rights number is not the answer.’ aged care information and services of older people in the North West Region, makes assumptions that older people – especially with regard to elder abuse and Pilbarra Stakeholder have easy access to a phone and/or a the accessibility of appropriate health computer and the internet; can operate services which contribute strongly to a computer and navigate the internet; their ability to age well and in place. can read and write; and are not in a cultural minority and therefore do not Age-Friendly Infrastructure require specialised translator services. The condition of the physical or built Many older Aboriginal people do not environment impacts significantly on an speak English and do not read or write, older person’s ability to age well and in they depend on family members or place and feel both included and safe service providers to assist with tending within their communities. Well-designed to personal administration requirements. public spaces with amenities, facilities The service providers, carers and family and features that meet the needs of members who do assist older people Information Services, Personal older people are vital in combating social in navigating these services almost Administration Assistance and Advocacy isolation and promoting participation as unanimously agree that the current older people feel they can get out into The ability to access relevant information system is complex and confusing. the community safely and with dignity through a range of age appropriate Assistance from Centrelink to help (WHO, 2007). mediums; affordable and accessible clients navigate the system is grossly media, computer and internet services; inadequate or non-existent. The eight local governments across training and support for computer the North West Region are primarily Typically, HACC service providers, and internet use; and appropriate responsible for the physical infrastructure art centres and community based information for hearing and sight of major regional centres and towns. In organisations (for example, Yaandina impaired older people are recognised larger centres like Broome (major tourist Family Centre in Roebourne, Joongari by the WHO as the key determinants precinct) and Karratha (relatively new House in Wyndham and Broome for age appropriate communication and City), the physical infrastructure and built Circle in Broome) undertake personal information dissemination systems. environment is good and the provision administration assistance for older According to COTA’s Summary Report of roads, footpaths and appropriate people, especially regarding assistance on the Conversations on Ageing (2012), public spaces are adequate. In terms of with finances. This arrangement is not older Australians want – access to good fully meeting the needs of older people, ideal due to privacy issues and often information, easy access to relevant there is certainly room for improvement. outside the scope of the services these and appropriate services and an aged Moving away from these major centres, organisations provide. care system they can understand and the quality of age-friendly infrastructure use. This desire was supported by the Older people living in the North declines significantly. Smaller towns consultation process undertaken with West Region expressed a desire for a and remote communities exhibit very older people and services providers localised information service tailored to poor age appropriate infrastructure across the North West Region. the needs of older people residing in and this can impact on the efficacy of each local government area by means mobility aids. Currently, older people living in the of a senior’s directory or information North West Region, like older Australians Given the extreme weather conditions, sessions provided by local government across the country, are required to access creating vibrant and welcoming public or service providers. Communication information and services through the spaces that meet the needs of older between service providers regarding Commonwealth of Australia’s My Aged residents can be challenging. However, the availability and coordination of Care Gateway which provides centralised improving the infrastructure of shopping programmes and initiatives relating to information about the aged care system precincts, town centres and parks and older people is weak. through a user centred My Aged Care green spaces to become age-friendly and online portal (www.myagedcare.gov.au) The Australian Association of Social age appropriate is necessary to support and national call centre (1800 200 422). Workers (AASW) (2013) highlighted the and encourage an ageing population in the North West Region.

29 / North West Ageing and Aged Care Strategy | 2017 Transport and knowledge of older Australians 4.1.2 Appropriate Aged Housing through paid employment is one of Access to age appropriate transport Appropriate aged housing includes the primary means by which older options is vital if older people are to housing initiatives that enable older people stay connected to community remain connected to their community and people to remain living independently and maintain a state of strong physical access the various services they require through the creation of more suitable, and mental health. It is also the only to continue to live an independent life alternative and accessible housing means by which older Australians can and age well in place. Transport should arrangements. The WHO (2007) and continue to build their superannuation be affordable, reliable, age-friendly and the AASW (2013) cite appropriate aged and support themselves into retirement accessible (WHO, 2007). The isolated housing as a key determinant of health (WHO, 2007 and Government of Western and remote location of the North West and well-being by providing shelter, Australia, 2016). The isolated location Region within Australia, as well as the security, autonomy, stability and social of the North West Region presents a significant distances between locations connection to formal and informal unique situation in terms of employment within the Region, make transport a community based networks. Desirable opportunities. Low population levels continuous challenge, especially for attributes of appropriate housing for help to combat age discrimination older people who are no longer able to older people includes – affordability, in the workplace as employers often drive. Even in major centres like Port amenity, easy maintenance, accessibility struggle to find suitable employees. Hedland or Broome, older people cite (incorporates universal design principles), Alternatively, this can also result in transport options as inadequate and location in proximity to relevant services reduced placements and training options. lacking, which impedes their ability to and cleanliness. These attributes allow The Pilbara region reported some age maintain their independence. Carrying older people to age well in place and discrimination, mostly in the mining out necessary tasks like shopping, going improves the capacity of the community sector. Employment opportunities to appointments and participating in to provide higher levels of in home care. for older people in the Kimberley – social or recreational activities becomes especially more remote parts of the In terms of housing options for older either impossible or extremely expensive Kimberley remain low. Many older people, the Government of Western when older people have to rely on a Aboriginal people gain employment Australia Housing Authority Senior local taxi service. The expressed need through traditional art and craft, although Housing Strategy Discussion Paper for community buses was strong in focus many art centres reported a current (2016), describes a ‘Seniors Housing groups with older Australians. decline in sales. Continuum’. This Strategy has adopted

For those who are eligible, HACC services provide most of the transport services for older people.

All of the AMS providers arrange transport for their clients and many of the Aboriginal Corporations can also provide formal and informal transport services. Night Patrol programmes, women’s shelters and sobering up shelters also provide transport as part of their service delivery. Older Aboriginal people living on remote communities are usually dependent on family or other residents for transport.

Employment and Training According to the WHO, an age-friendly community should continuously implement initiatives and seek strategies that encourage mature age employment and lifelong learning and training opportunities. Utilising the skills, talents

North West Ageing and Aged Care Strategy | 2017 / 30 that Continuum with contextual relevance 24-hour basic assistance and can to the North West Region. This has Most pensioner units are help to combat overcrowding and been supplemented by information from occupied by non-Aboriginal humbugging issues. Best practice the Western Australia Department of older persons, many of whom examples include – the Elder Village Commerce’s and COTA’s Senior Housing in Roebourne built by the Ngarluma Advisory Centre (2017). would be homeless without Aboriginal Corporation and Mirli Maya this option. Retirement Village in South Hedland Crisis Accommodation: short term built by IBN. accommodation providing a bed, shower and meals. This type of accommodation Throughout the Kimberley Region, the WA 2. Assisted Living Units: This is a model generally includes women’s shelters, Housing Authority is the only provider of which is growing in popularity in the respite facilities, sobering up shelters and appropriate and affordable housing for North West Region. Assisted living refuges. Older Aboriginal people are over older people. Eligibility is means tested units are generally 1 / 2 bedroom represented at these facilities. and available only to pensioners. The units with or without carers’ quarters. major issue with the supply of pensioner For example, in the remote community Social Housing: typically, unit style units in the Kimberley Region is that of Jigalong (Shire of East Pilbara), the accommodation with eligibility means older people are often housed along with Jigalong Council, working with service tested by the WA Housing Authority younger people and families and have provider EPIS, have established and generally available to pensioners expressed a desire to be housed together independent units adjacent to only. Varying models of social housing to be able to better support one another. the HACC facility. The elder units exist across the North West Region In Derby, the Derby Aged Persons Homes in Onslow built by the Buuralayji and quite often involve partnerships Trust units, established by the community Thalanyji Aboriginal Corporation are arrangements between community, local and the WA Housing Authority, have a duplex style accommodation with government, private investors and the WA reverted back to a general housing estate room for a carer. The assisted living Housing Authority. For example, in Port for all ages. unit model allows older people to live Hedland, the Port Hedland Retirement independently with easy access to Village is run and managed by a not for Some Aboriginal Corporations have home support services. profit incorporated body (Port Hedland purpose built appropriate aged housing Retirement Village Inc.), the Town of Port for their members. These fall under two Community Housing and Remote Hedland and the WA Housing Authority. In models – Indigenous Housing: any housing found Karratha, the pensioner units form part of in Aboriginal or remote communities. Warambie Estate, developed by Landcorp 1. Cluster Housing Model: a cluster of Generally owned and managed by a not- and managed by National Lifestyle smaller units in a gated village style for-profit, local government and/or the Villages and the WA Housing Authority. complex with a caretaker. The cluster WA Housing Authority with the assistance In Marble Bar, six pensioner units are comprises 5 – 10 independent 1 / 2 of regional service providers (usually managed by the Shire of East Pilbara. bedroom units, with a designated Aboriginal Corporations) who take care Eligibility is limited to older persons who area to socialise with visiting family. of property management, environmental require no support. The presence of a caretaker provides health and tenancy support programmes

31 / North West Ageing and Aged Care Strategy | 2017 (for example, STEP). Older Aboriginal relatively new city of Karratha, families Home ownership: home ownership people are often the family members who wanting to bring older family members has both benefits and disadvantages enter into the tenancy agreements, and to the area are forced to accommodate for older people. Where older people become responsible for these properties. them within their own homes due to a own their homes outright, this equity Overcrowding is a major issue as well as lack of appropriate aged housing options. can be used to fund retirement and cleanliness and elder abuse. Furthermore, many older people with home modifications are feasible. Where family members residing in the North older people still have a mortgage, the In Onslow, the community fundraised West Region have expressed an interest financial burden can become a strain. 40 years ago to pool resources with the in short term seasonal accommodation Most of the homes older people own and Shire of Ashburton to build pensioner options to be able to connect with family live in become increasingly unsuitable for units. These are managed between the and enjoy regional assets without the their needs as they get older. Costs and Shire of Ashburton and the WA Housing commitment of relocation. Currently, labour associated with maintenance, up Authority. The Shire of Ashburton has a caravan parks are the only alternative keep and utilities can impact on an older strong desire to see the development of tenure housing arrangements available to person’s ability to age well and safely appropriate aged housing options in the older people in the North West Region. within their homes. The major barriers mining communities of Tom Price and to older home owners downsizing is Paraburdoo. Private Rental: private rental lack of housing stock and available arrangements in the North West Region A successful community housing model finances. In the North West Region, the vary greatly in terms of affordability, that deserves recognition is the ‘Derby high costs associated with maintenance suitability and accessibility for older Aboriginal Short Stay’ Accommodation and utilities due to the region’s remote people. Most private rental options in (DASSA) facility. This 54 bed unit and isolated location become a financial the North West Region do not meet the style facility essentially functions like strain on older people who own their needs of older people, and the option of an affordable motel ($13 per night homes. A positive trend across the region carrying out home modifications where for an adult, $7 per night for a child) is the growing affordability of housing, necessary is limited. with preference given to Aboriginal especially in the Pilbara. people visiting Derby from surrounding Lease for Life / Land Lease / Retirement communities who need to access health Villages: also referred to as lifestyle services or attend to personal and villages; these types of housing cultural matters. The DASSA is a secure, options are generally very similar in the drug and alcohol free premises that also appearance and types of services they provides two full meals, linen, laundry offer with major differences relating to facilities, recreational facilities, barbeque the type of ownership and occupancy The major issue with the areas and assistance from Aboriginal arrangements available, the permanency supply of pensioner units is support workers to help visitors access of tenure and protection provided to necessary services. DASSA is managed residents. Essentially, in these types that older people are often as a partnership between Mercy Care and of arrangements, older people live housed along with younger Centacare. A short stay facility is currently in independent dwellings which are being developed in Broome. clustered around shared amenities. They people and families and are an especially attractive option for Alternative Tenure: these arrangements have expressed a desire older people who would like to downsize include long term stay in residential and are in a position to fund their own to be housed together to parks (usually caravan parks), ancillary retirement. This option does not exist dwellings, board and lodging or living be able to better support in the North West Region. Warambie with family. Given the high tourist appeal Estate in Karratha, although managed one another. of the North West Region, particularly for by National Lifestyle Villages, is only ‘grey nomads’, a significant number of available to pensioners and does not older people travel through the region function as a traditional retirement during the May to September season. village. In the case of complexes built by The duration of their stay varies from Aboriginal Corporations, these dwelling short term to long term, and many are are available to members only. The Town repeat visitors. Their seasonal presence of Port Hedland is an anomaly in that impacts local services and the local restricting accessibility to pensioners economy. A lack of appropriate aged has resulted in vacancies for this type housing options also results in many of accommodation. For older people older people residing with family or who can fund their own retirement, the establishing ancillary dwellings where option to downsize and continue living possible. This can place a strain on in the North West Region is virtually non- familial relationships. For example, in the existent.

North West Ageing and Aged Care Strategy | 2017 / 32 4.1.3 Community and Home Based In Western Australia, community and Home modifications (for example, fitting Care Supports home based care supports for older rails and/or ramps) are undertaken people are delivered primarily through through a WACHS Population Health Community and home based care a service provider delivering the HACC Unit, private home owners and/or the supports includes any type of home Programme. Either through referral by WA Housing Authority. Mobility aids and support, assistance or care that enables a service provider or self-referral, older assistive technology and equipment that aged residents to continue living people are accessed for eligibility for allow older people to continue living independently in their own homes. It the HACC Programme through a RAS. at home and carry out daily tasks are also includes the support given to older In the North West Region, a range of procured through a WACHS Population people at day centres and through committed service providers deliver Health Unit or Independent Living crisis care (both accommodation and HACC services. HACC services are Centres Australia. Independent Living emergency relief). According to both designed to maximise an older person’s Centres visits the North West Region on the WHO and the UN, maintaining independence and typically include a quarterly basis. However, the remote independence and having access to assistance with – domestic care; everyday and isolated location of the North West the services that allow older people to household tasks; meals and feeding; Region makes procuring mobility aids remain autonomous and at home for as personal care; participation in social and assistive technology difficult. long as possible are strong determinants activities and transport to keep up with of an older person’s ability to remain Across the North West Region, home personal administration activities such socially connected and to age well and nursing services are provided by as shopping, banking etc. HACC service in place (WHO, 2007 and UN, 1991). Silverchain, WACHS, AMS’s and some providers quite often also provide centre According to the National Rural Health private GP’s. based day care facilities and day respite Alliance (2013), older people in rural and services. Across the North West Region, It is worth noting the significant and remote communities are more likely to the HACC Programme is vital in ensuring pertinent role of sobering up shelters, use community and home based care that older persons receive quality care, women’s shelters and emergency relief supports than residential aged care. remain independent and stay connected services in supporting older people Certainly, the expressed need in the to community. In smaller towns, the across the North West Region. These North West Region was for increased HACC Programme is often the only means types of services provide vital support to appropriate community and home based by which older people can participate older people who have a mental illness; care supports, not residential aged care. in social and recreational activities and substance abuse issues; face difficult access transport services. Finally, the living conditions at home (for example, staff who deliver the HACC Programme overcrowding); and for those who have (and other personnel working with older no permanent residence and/or are facing people) have reported that they quite homelessness. often assist older people with personal Whilst the role of formal community administration tasks. This is often not ‘Older people in rural and home based care supports is vital included in their job description and in allowing older people to remain and remote communities can become challenging due to privacy in their own homes and independent issues. It is interesting to note that many are more likely to use for as long as possible, the positive older Aboriginal people are assisted by a role of strong community connections specially appointed staff person from the community and home needs to be revisited, acknowledged Aboriginal Corporations of which they are and strategically nurtured. An excellent based care supports than a member to provide HACC type services example of this is the town of Wyndham and so do not at all rely upon or access residential aged care.’ in the Kimberley. Despite its remote formal HACC services. location and subsequent lack of services, (National Rural Health Alliance, 2013) EPIS in the Pilbara and KACS in the older people here report receiving high Kimberley are both exemplary models of levels of support which they attribute service delivery of the HACC Programme as the result of a strong and connected in remote / Aboriginal communities, community, and the commitment of operating through what is fundamentally Joongari House and Juniper to work a ‘hub and spoke’ model. These service alongside the community to assist older providers rely heavily on block funding people within the community. Finally, to be able to effectively continue and, not to be disregarded is the significant a CDC approach (currently part of the role family members play as both formal proposed aged care reforms) would and informal carers for their older family render the delivery of their services no members, in most cases this task falls to longer feasible, impacting adversely on a spouse who is quite often also elderly, the level and quality of care older people or the children of an older person. are able to access in these communities.

33 / North West Ageing and Aged Care Strategy | 2017 4.1.4. Residential Aged Care This is an especially significant issue for Aboriginal people from the Western Residential aged care includes nursing, Desert area as both of the available respite and aged care services provided residential facilities are a long distance in conjunction with accommodation in from their homes and families. a purpose built facility. There are two Consequently, these older people lose types of care provided in a residential their connection with family and friends, aged care facility: permanent and respite and the very real fear of becoming care. The level of care provided ranges institutionalised is realised. Other from personal care to assist with daily issues associated with having only two activities (low level care) through to 24 residential aged care facilities in such a hour nursing care (high level care). For vast region are – high levels of ‘granny older people unable to live at home, a dumping’; culturally inappropriate service residential aged care facility is a vital delivery and increased strain on acute service, the absence of which creates medical services. Currently, Kanyirninpa a significant strain on acute medical Jukurrpa (KJ) in Newman has put forward services, emergency services and the a proposal to establish a residential broader community. The health and aged care facility model for the Martu wellbeing of older people who require people of the Western Desert area (see the services of a residential aged care Appendix ii).). EPIS is working with the facility, but cannot access one, is severely Jigalong community to deliver a low care compromised. Given the remote and residential aged care facility that will isolated location of the North West run alongside the delivery of their HACC Region and subsequent issues associated Programme. with low population and economies of scale, the delivery of residential aged care services is challenging. Throughout Australia, eligibility for residential The Kimberley Region has been aged care is undertaken through ACAT favoured by faith based service assessment processes. In the Pilbara providers who essentially Region, WACHS (South Hedland) provide the ACAT assessment service and, in the operate all of the residential Kimberley Regions, ACAT assessment is aged care facilities found in provided by KACS. The situation for the the major regional centres and delivery of residential aged care services towns across the Region. varies significantly between the Pilbara and Kimberley Regions. The major service provider is Juniper care service providers in the Kimberley Throughout the Pilbara Region there are followed by Southern Plus (Germanus Region report high levels of client debt; only two residential aged care facilities Kent House in Broome) and the Halls simply, they continue to provide services – Yaandina Frail Aged Hostel (operated Creek People’s Church. The residential and wear the cost of clients who do not by Yaandina Family Centre in Roebourne) aged care facility in Kununurra is pay. Interestingly, this is often the result and Karlarra House Residential Aged Care currently operated by WACHS. However, of the effects of financial elder abuse and Facility (operated by WACHS in South Juniper is building a new facility not due to a lack of funds. Hedland). Older people across the Pilbara alongside their Kununurra HACC day who require residential aged care must The National Aboriginal and Torres Strait centre and all current residents will choose between these two facilities or Islander Flexible Aged Care Programme transfer over once completed. All three leave the Region. funds organisations to provide culturally service providers deliver an exemplary appropriate aged care to older Aboriginal model of culturally appropriate residential and Torres Strait Islander people close aged care, and excel in terms of to home and community. Flexible For older Aboriginal people providing flexible, individualised patient aged care services can deliver a mix who express a strong desire to centred care that responds to the wishes of residential and home care services and desires of older Aboriginal people to age ‘on Country’, this is a huge in accordance with the needs of the either make regular trips ‘back to Country’ community. Currently, this Programme impediment to their ability to or emulate aspects of living ‘on Country’ is only available to a select number age well and in place. at the residential aged care facility. It of older people in the Fitzroy Crossing should be noted that residential aged (Kimberley) area.

North West Ageing and Aged Care Strategy | 2017 / 34 4.2 Local Government Situational Analysis

This Section provides a synoptic overview of organisations or service providers that cater to the needs and requirements of older people within the eight local government areas across the North West Region. It refrains from attempting to give an exhaustive account of all of the services available to older people in each local government area.

4.2.1 PILBARA REGION City of Karratha (CoK) Total Population: 21,473 The City of Karratha includes the towns of Karratha, Cossack, Population 50 years and over: 3,536 (16.47%) Dampier, Point Samson, Roebourne and Wickham. It includes Population 65 years and over: 536 (2.49%) the Aboriginal communities of Cheeditha, Mingullatharndo Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population (Five Mile) and Weymul. 45 years and over: 495 (0.02%) (Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2017)

Age-Friendly Communities

Karratha Roeburne Aboriginal Communities

Health Services • WACHS (Nickol Bay Hospital • WACHS (Roebourne Hospital - • Mawarnkarra Health Service - acute medical services, acute medical services) (AMS) Population Health Unit, • Access Care Network Australia Community Health Unit) (RAS) • WAPHA (access to primary • Independent Living Centre healthcare) (information and advice) • Access Care Network Australia • Mawarnkarra Health Service (RAS) (AMS) • Independent Living Centre • St John Ambulance (information and advice) • Karratha Central Health • Private GP Clinics • Silverchain (home nursing)

Sport, Recreational • Karratha Leisureplex • Val & Kathy’s Crafty Kitchen • NBAC (yarning circles) and Social Clubs, • Karratha Autumn Club • Yirramagardu Community • NYFL Organisations and • Karratha Golf Course Association) • WMYAC Activities • Karratha Bowling Club • Yaandina Family Centre • Juluwarlu Group Aboriginal • Karratha RSL Sub-Branch Corporation • Rotary Club of Karratha • Yindjibarndi Aboriginal Corporation

Information Services, • Centrelink • Roebourne Community • KMAC Personal Administration • Local Information Network Resource Centre • NAC Assistance and Karratha • Yaandina Family Centre • NBAC Advocacy • CoK (especially HACC service) • NYFL • Silverchain (HACC Services) • Centrelink (agent) • WMYAC • Juluwarlu Group Aboriginal Corporation • Yindjibarndi Aboriginal Corporation

Age-Friendly • CoK • CoK • Cok Infrastructure • WACHS Population Health Unit • WACHS Population Health Unit • Pilbara Meta Maya Regional • WA Housing Authority (Nickol Bay Hospital) Aboriginal Corporation (STEP) • WA Housing Authority • WA Housing Authority

Transport • Silverchain • Yaandina Family Centre • Yaandina Family Centre • Karratha Autumn Club • Mawarnkarra Health Service • Mawarnkarra Health Service • Residential public transport (AMS) (AMS) system • Silverchain

35 / North West Ageing and Aged Care Strategy | 2017 Karratha Roeburne Aboriginal Communities

Appropriate Aged • Warambie Estate – National • Elders Village for NAC • NAC Housing Lifestyle Villages (11 units members only (10 units) – WA Housing Authority eligibility assessment required)

Community and Home • Silverchain (HACC and HCP) • Yaandina Family Centre (HACC • KMAC Based Care Supports • EPIC services and centre based • NAC • Access Care Network Australia daycare, sobering up shelter, • NBAC (RAS) new HACC building under • Yaandina Family Centre • Independent Living Centre construction) • Silverchain (information and advice) • Mawarnkarra Health Service • Mawarnkarra Health Service • WACHS Population Health Unit (home visits and Munga (AMS) (home modifications) Tharndu Maya Women’s • Salvation Army (Karratha Refuge) Women’s Refuge and • Silverchain (HACC and HCP) crisis care) • EPIC • Access Care Network Australia (RAS) • Independent Living Centre (information and advice) • WACHS Population Health Unit (home modifications)

Residential Aged Care • Council aspiration for • Yaandina Frail Aged Hostel (20 residential units on land near bed facility permanent and new hospital respite care)

Gaps in service • Residential aged care facility in Karratha provision and support • Appropriate aged housing • Specialised health services • Age-friendly public infrastructure (in particular Roebourne) • Access to appropriate transport • Weekend support and after hours support • Targeted recreational and social activities • Cremation services

North West Ageing and Aged Care Strategy | 2017 / 36 Shire of Ashburton (SoA) Total Population: 13,026 The Shire of Ashburton includes the towns of Tom Price, Population 50 years and over: 2,718 (20.8%) Onslow, Pannawonica and Paraburdoo. It includes the Aboriginal Population 65 years and over: 236 (1.81%) communities of Innawonga (Bellary), Bindi Bindi, Ngurawaana, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population Wakathuni and Youngaleena. 45 years and over: 245 (1.8%) (Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2017)

Age-Friendly Communities

Tom Price Onslow Paraburdoo Aboriginal Communities

Health Services • WACHS (Tom Price • WACHS (Onslow • WACHS (Paraburdoo • IBN Hospital – acute District Hospital Hospital – acute • Silverchain medical services) – acute medical medical services) • Independent Living services) • Independent Living Centre (information • Independent Living Centre (information and advice) Centre (information and advice) • Access Care Network and advice) • Access Care Network Australia (RAS) • Access Care Network Australia (RAS) • Private GP Clinics Australia (RAS) • Paraburdoo Medical • St John Ambulance • Private GP Clinics Centre • St John Ambulance • St John Ambulance

Sport, Recreational • EPIS • Onslow Keepers • Karingal • Ashburton Aboriginal and Social Clubs, • Nintirri Centre • Silverchain (HACC day Neighbourhood Corporation Organisations and • Golden Pearls Group centre) Centre • Gumala Aboriginal Activities • Tom Price Bowling • Onslow Sports Club • Paraburdoo Men’s Corporation Club • Onslow Aquatic Shed • IBN • Tom Price Swimming Centre • Paraburdoo Pool • Onslow Community Swimming Pool • Mountain View Garden • Paraburdoo Golf Sporting Club (Golf Course Course) • Paraburdoo Bowling • Seniors Group Club • Tom Price Drive In Picture Theatre

Information Services, • EPIS • EPIS • Karingal • Ashburton Aboriginal Personal Administration • Nintirri Centre • Centrelink Neighbourhood Corporation Assistance and • Centrelink • Buuralayji Thalanyji Centre • Gumala Aboriginal Advocacy • SoA Aboriginal • Yinhawangka Corporation • CRC Corporation Aboriginal • Yinhawangka • SoA Corporation Aboriginal Corporation

Age-Friendly • SoA • SoA • SoA • SoA Infrastructure • WA Housing Authority • Pilbara Meta Maya Regional Aboriginal Corporation (STEP)

Transport • EPIS • Silverchain • EPIS • Silverchain

37 / North West Ageing and Aged Care Strategy | 2017 Tom Price Onslow Paraburdoo Aboriginal Communities

Appropriate Aged • 5 pensioner units • Buuralayji Thalanyji Housing (managed by SoA, Aboriginal built by WA Housing Corporation Authority) • 6 Pensioner units (managed by the SoA, built by community) • 2 units (Buuralayji Thalanyji Aboriginal Corportion)

Community and Home • Silverchain (HACC and • EPIS • IBN Based Care Supports HCP) • Silverchain • EPIS (Bindi Bindi, • EPIS Bellary and Wakathuni) • Silverchain (Bindi Bindi)

Gaps in service • Adequate residential aged care options provision and support • Appropriate aged housing in Tom Price and Paraburdoo • Specialised health services – especially renal services • Age-friendly public infrastructure • Access to appropriate transport • Weekend support and after hours support • Targeted recreational and social activities

Shire of East Pilbara (SoEP) Total Population: 10,591 The Shire of East Pilbara includes the towns of Marble Bar, Population 50 years and over: 1,988 (18.7%) Newman, Nullagine. It includes the Aboriginal communities of Population 65 years and over: 222 (2.09%) Goodabinya, Irrungadji, Jigalong, Kiwirrkurra, Kunnawarritji, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population Parnngurr, Parpajinya, Punmu, Strelley and Warralong. 45 years and over: 420 (3.9%) (Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2017)

Age-Friendly Communities

Newman Marble Bar Nullagine Aboriginal Communities

Health Services • WACHS (Newman • Marble Bar Nursing • Nullagine Community • Puntukurnu Hospital - acute Post Health Service Aboriginal Medical medical services) • Royal Flying Doctor • Access Care Network Service (PAMS) • Access Care Network Service Australia (RAS) • Silverchain Australia (RAS) • Access Care Network • Independent Living Australia (RAS) Centre (information and advice) • Puntukurnu Aboriginal Medical Service (PAMS) • Private GP Clinics • St John Ambulance

North West Ageing and Aged Care Strategy | 2017 / 38 Newman Marble Bar Nullagine Aboriginal Communities

Sport, Recreational • Newman • Marble Bar Public • EPIS and Social Clubs, Neighbourhood Library • Remote community Organisations and Centre • Marble Bar Swimming swimming pools Activities • EPIS (HACC day Pool centre) • Marble Bar • Lions Club of Community Garden Newman • Marble Bar Men’s • Kanyirninpa Jukurrpa Shed • Newman Bowling • Senior’s gatherings Club • Martumili Artists • Newman Aquatic Centre • Newman Recreation Centre • Fortescue Golf Club

Information Services, • Newman • CRC • CRC • Jigalong Community Personal Administration Neighbourhood • EPIS Inc Assistance and Centre • Marble Bar Public • EPIS Advocacy • EPIS Library • Silverchain • Centrelink • SoEP • SoEP • KJ

Age-Friendly • SoEP • SoEP • SoEP • Jigalong Community Infrastructure Inc. • Pilbara Meta Maya Regional Aboriginal Corporation (STEP) • SoEP

Transport • EPIS • EPIS troop carrier • Kanyirninpa Jukurrpa • KJ • EPIS • Silverchain

Newman Marble Bar Nullagine Aboriginal Communities

Appropriate Aged • WA Housing Authority • Peri Smith Retirement • WA Housing Authority Housing manage 3 x 1 Units – 6 units • Jigalong Community bedroom units (managed by the Inc. SoEP)

Community and Home • Silverchain • EPIS (HACC day • EPIS (Goodabinya Based Care Supports • EPIS centre) and Warralong) • Newman Women’s • Silverchain Shelter (Kunnawarritji, • Martumili Artists Parnngurr, Punmu)

Gaps in service • Adequate residential aged care provision and support • Appropriate aged housing • Safe compound village • Community and home based care supports (Nullagine) • General health services in some areas • Specialised health services – especially renal services • Age-friendly public infrastructure • Access to appropriate transport • Weekend support and after hours support • Targeted recreational and social activities • HACC day centre in Warralong

39 / North West Ageing and Aged Care Strategy | 2017 Town of Port Hedland (ToPH) Total population: 14,469 The town of Port Hedland includes South Hedland and Port Population 50 years and over: 2,721 (18.8%) Hedland. It includes the Aboriginal communities of Jinparinya, Population 65 years and over: 493 (3.40%) Marta Marta, Punju Njamal, Tkalka Boorda and Tjalka Wara Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population Community (12 Mile) and Yandeyarra. 45 years and over: 610 (4.2%) (Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2017)

Age-Friendly Communities

Port Hedland South Hedland Aboriginal Communities

Health Services • WACHS (Hedland Health • WACHS (Hedland Health • Wirraka Maya Health Service Campus - acute medical Campus - acute medical (AMS) services, Older Person services, Older Person • Healing garden Initiative, ACAT, Population Initiative, ACAT, Population • Silverchain Health Unit) Health Unit) • Access Care Network Australia • WAPHA (access to primary (RAS) healthcare) • Independent Living Centre • Access Care Network Australia (information and advice) (RAS) • Port Hedland Medical Clinic • Independent Living Centre (including Hedland Hearing (information and advice) Clinic) • Wirraka Maya Health Service • Private GP Clinics (AMS) • St John Ambulance • Private GP Clinics • Silverchain (home nursing) • St John Ambulance • Silverchain (home nursing)

Sport, Recreational • Hedland Community Radio • RSL Port Hedland • Yarning circles and Social Clubs, • Port Hedland Yacht Club • Well Women’s Centre Organisations and • Soroptimists Port Hedland • Spinifex Hill Studios Activities • Country Women’s Association • South Hedland Bowling and • Hedland Community Living Tennis Club Association • Wangka Maya Pilbara • Port Hedland Visitor Centre Aboriginal Language Centre • Port Hedland Golf Club • Silverchain (HACC, HCP, day • Silverchain (HACC, HCP, day centre) centre) • Fishing

Information Services, • Silverchain (HACC, HCP, day • Bloodwood Tree Association • Bloodwood Tree Association Personal Administration centre) • Wangka Maya Pilbara • IBN Assistance and • ToPH Aboriginal Language Centre • Pilbara Meta Maya Aboriginal Advocacy • Silverchain (HACC, HCP, day Corporation centre) • Centrelink • ToPH • Spinifex Hill Studios

Age-Friendly • ToPH • ToPH • Pilbara Meta Maya Regional Infrastructure • Physical mobility and • Physical mobility and Aboriginal Corporation (STEP) accessibility is average accessibility is average • WA Housing Authority to poor. to poor. • IBN

Transport • Silverchain • Silverchain • Bloodwood Tree Association • Lifestyle Solutions • Lifestyle Solutions • IBN • Bloodwood Tree Association • Bloodwood Tree Association • Silverchain • IBN • IBN • Residential public transport system

North West Ageing and Aged Care Strategy | 2017 / 40 Port Hedland South Hedland Aboriginal Communities

Appropriate Aged • Port Hedland Retirement • Mirli Maya 6 independent • IBN Housing Village Inc. – Steven Street units (for IBN members only, – ToPH and WA Housing managed by Foundation Authority (22 units and Housing) community hall) • WA Housing Authority manage • Port Hedland Masonic Care 5 fully and partially modified Retirement Village – and units with a communal garden WA Housing Authority (10 – this is a purpose built units – WA Housing Authority facility dedicated to seniors eligibility assessment • WA Housing Authority manage required) 12 x 1 bedroom units • WA Housing Authority manage a duplex arrangement • WA Housing Authority manage 3 complexes of 4 x 1 bedroom units • WA Housing Authority manage 6 x 1 bedroom units Port Hedland South Hedland Aboriginal Communities

Community and Home • Silverchain (HACC, HCP, day • Silverchain (HACC, HCP, day • Silverchain (HACC, HCP) Based Care Supports centre, Breakfast Club) centre, Breakfast Club) • Pilbara Meta Maya Regional • Lifestyle Solutions (disability • Lifestyle Solutions (disability Aboriginal Corporation (STEP) services) services) • Port Hedland Medical Centre • WACHS Population Health • WACHS Population Health • Access Care Network Australia • Access Care Network Australia (Regional Assessment Service) (Regional Assessment Service) • Independent Living Centre • Independent Living Centre (information and advice) (information and advice) • Bloodwood Tree Association ( Wapa Maya Safe Place and sobering up shelter)

Residential Aged Care • Karlarra House (56 bed facility permanent and respite care)

Gaps in service • Upgraded residential aged care facility provision and support • Appropriate aged housing • Specialised health services • Age-friendly public infrastructure • Access to appropriate transport – specifically to address the disconnect between Port and South Hedland which makes some services difficult to access, although they may service both South and Port Hedland, they are generally located in only one of the two centres • Weekend support and after hours support • Targeted recreational and social activities

4.2.2 KIMBERLEY REGION Shire of Broome (SoB) Total population: 16,222 The Shire of Broome includes the townsite of Broome. The Population 50 years and over: 3,966 (24.4%) traditional owners of Broome Townsite are the Yawuru people. Population 65 years and over: 1063 (6.55%) The Shire of Broome includes the Aboriginal communities of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population Ardyaloon (One Arm Point / Bardi), Beagle Bay, Bidyadanga 45 years and over: 1,016 (6.2%) and Djarindjin (Lombadina), plus many discrete remote (Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2017) Aboriginal communities.

41 / North West Ageing and Aged Care Strategy | 2017 Age-Friendly Communities

Broome Aboriginal Communities

Health Services • WACHS (Broome Hospital - acute medical • Kimberley Aboriginal Medical Service (AMS) services, Older Person Initiative, ACAT, • Broome Aboriginal Medical Service (AMS) Population Health Unit) • Boab Health Services • WAPHA (access to primary healthcare) • Kimberley Aged and Community Services • Kimberley Aged and Community Services (WACHS) (WACHS) • Kimberley Aboriginal Medical Service (AMS) • Broome Aboriginal Medical Service (AMS) • Kimberley Mental Health & Drug Service • Boab Health Services • Private GP Clinics • St John Ambulance

Sport, Recreational • Broome Over 50’s Club • Bidyadanga Aboriginal Community and Social Clubs, • Broome RSL Club • Nyamba Buru Yawuru Aboriginal Corporation Organisations and • Broome Circle (includes Broome Volunteer (members only) Activities Resource Service) • Kimberley Aged and Community Services • Broome Turf Club (WACHS) • Broome Pearlers • Broome Men’s Shed • Southern Plus Brand Nue Day (HACC Service) • Mamabulanjin Aboriginal Corporation • Shire of Broome (Broome Recreation and Aquatic Centre) • Nyamba Buru Yawuru Aboriginal Corporation (members only) • Broome Community Recovery Centre • Broome Lions Club

Information Services, • Broome Circle • Nyamba Buru Yawuru Aboriginal Corporation Personal Administration • Australian Red Cross (members only) Assistance and • Mamabulanjin Aboriginal Corporation • Nirrumbuk Aboriginal Corporation Advocacy • Centacare • Kimberley Stolen Generation Aboriginal • Kimberley Stolen Generation Aboriginal Corporation Corporation • Bidyadanga Aboriginal Community • Kimberley Aged and Community Services • Bidyadanga CRC (WACHS) • Djarindjin CRC • Kimberley Disability Advocacy • Centrelink • Nyamba Buru Yawuru Aboriginal Corporation (members only) • Broome Community Recovery Centre • SoB

Age-Friendly • SoB (Access and Inclusion Committee) • WA Housing Authority Infrastructure • Mamabulanjin Aboriginal Corporation • Bidyadanga Aboriginal Community • WACHS Population Health • Nirrumbuk Aboriginal Corporation

Transport • Southern Plus Brand Nue Day (HACC Service, • Nyamba Buru Yawuru Aboriginal Corporation bus) (members only) • Broome Aboriginal Medical Service (AMS – • Marnja Jarndu Women’s Refuge patients only) • Mamabulanjin Aboriginal Corporation (Kullarri Night Patrol) • Marnja Jarndu Women’s Refuge • Nyamba Buru Yawuru Aboriginal Corporation (members only) • Public transport service • Men’s Shed Bus

North West Ageing and Aged Care Strategy | 2017 / 42 Broome Aboriginal Communities

Appropriate Aged • WA Housing Authority – provide smaller unit • WA Housing Authority Housing style accommodation occupied by pensioners • Bidyadanga Aboriginal Community but no specific aged appropriate housing is • Community Housing Limited available in Broome • Nirrumbuk Aboriginal Corporation (STEP) • Foundation Housing • Uniting Church is working on developing a retirement village • A Broome Short Stay Accommodation Facility is being developed

Community and Home • Kimberley Aged and Community Services • Kimberley Aged and Community Services Based Care Supports (WACHS) (WACHS) – in 12 remote communities across the • Southern Plus Brand Nue Day (HACC Service Kimberley and day centre) • Silverchain (Home Nursing) • Silverchain (Home Nursing) • Nyamba Buru Yawuru Aboriginal Corporation • WACHS Kimberley Population Health (home (members only) modifications) • WA Housing Authority (home modifications) • Kimberley Disability Advocacy (home modifications) • Milliya Rumurra Aboriginal Corporation (sobering up shelter) • Marnja Jarndu Women’s Refuge (crisis accommodation) • Nyamba Buru Yawuru Aboriginal Corporation (members only) • Centacare (Breakfast Club, emergency relief) • Broome Community Recovery Centre

Residential Aged Care • Germanus Kent House – managed by Southern Cross Plus (55 bed facility)

Gaps in service • Appropriate aged housing (secure and accessible) provision and support • Specialised health services • Access to appropriate transport – the public transport system is perceived as being geared for tourists more than residents • Weekend support and after hours support

43 / North West Ageing and Aged Care Strategy | 2017 Shire of Derby West Kimberley (SDWK) Total population: 7,730 The Shire of Derby West Kimberly includes the towns of Derby, Population 50 years and over: 1,733 (22.4%) Fitzroy Crossing and Camballin plus many discrete remote Population 65 years and over: 474 (6.13%) Aboriginal communities. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population 45 years and over: 1,081 (13.9%) (Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2017) Age-Friendly Communities

Derby Fitzroy Crossing / Fitzroy Valley Aboriginal Communities

Health Services • WACHS (Derby Hospital • WACHS (Fitzroy Crossing • Kimberley Aged and - acute medical services, Hospital - acute medical Community Services (WACHS) Population Health Unit, services, Community Health • WACHS (Fitzroy Crossing Community Health Unit) Unit, chronic disease Hospital) • WACHS – 20 bed renal hostel management, four chair renal • WACHS (Derby Hospital • Access Care Network Australia dialysis unit) Community Health) (RAS) • Access Care Network Australia • Derby Aboriginal Health • Independent Living Centre (RAS) Service (AMS) • Kimberley Aged and • Independent Living Centre • Nindilingarri Cultural Health Community Services (WACHS) (information and advice) Service (AMS) • Derby Aboriginal Health • Kimberley Aged and • Kurungal Council Inc. Service (AMS) Community Services (WACHS) • St John Ambulance • Nindilingarri Cultural Health • Kimberley Mental Health & Service (AMS) Drug Service • Kimberley Mental Health & • Royal Flying Doctor Service Drug Service • Royal Flying Doctor Service

Sport, Recreational • Country Women’s Association • Mangkaja Arts Resource • Kurungal Council Inc. and Social Clubs, • Derby HACC Aboriginal Corporation • Ngurra Arts Organisations and • Derby Seniors Group • Ngurra Arts Activities • SDWK (Library morning tea) • Marninwarntikura Women’s • Mowanjum Aboriginal Art and Resource Centre (Marnin Culture Centre Studio) • Derby Aquatic Centre • Fitzroy Crossing Swimming • Norval Gallery Pool

Information Services, • Kimberley Aged and • Kimberley Aged and • Kimberley Aged and Personal Administration Community Services (WACHS) Community Services (WACHS) Community Services (WACHS) Assistance and • Derby HACC • Marra Worra Worra Aboriginal • Winun Ngari Aboriginal Advocacy • Winun Ngari Aboriginal Corporation Corporation Corporation • Marninwarntikura Women’s • Marra Worra Worra Aboriginal • Kimberley Disability Advocacy Resource Centre Corporation • Centrelink • Centrelink • Marninwarntikura Women’s • Mowanjum Aboriginal Art and • Noonkanbah CRC Resource Centre Culture Centre • Fitzroy Valley CRC • Derby HACC • Mowanjum CRC • SDWK • Kurungal Council Inc. • SDWK • Looma CRC • Norval Gallery

Age-Friendly • SDWK • SDWK • WA Housing Authority Infrastructure • WACHS Kimberley Population • Marra Worra Worra Aboriginal Health Corporation • Kurungal Council Inc. • SDWK

Transport • Kimberley Aged and • Kimberley Aged and • Juniper Guwardi Ngadu Community Services (WACHS) Community Services (WACHS) • Marra Worra Worra Aboriginal • Derby Aboriginal Health • Nindilingarri Cultural Health Corporation Service Service (AMS) • Kimberley Aged and • Derby HACC • Juniper Guwardi Ngadu Community Services (WACHS) • Juniper Ngamang Bawoona • Marninwarntikura Women’s • Nindilingarri Cultural Health • Juniper Numbala Nunga Resource Centre Service (AMS)

North West Ageing and Aged Care Strategy | 2017 / 44 Derby Fitzroy Crossing / Fitzroy Valley Aboriginal Communities

Appropriate Aged • DASSA (Centacare and • WA Housing Authority Housing Mercy Care) • Nirrumbuk Aboriginal Corporation (STEP) • Community Housing Limited • Emama Nguda Aboriginal Corporation

Community and Home • Derby HACC • Nindilingarri Cultural Health • Nindilingarri Cultural Health Based Care Supports • WACHS Kimberley Population Service (HACC) Service (HACC) Health (home modifications) • Marra Worra Worra Aboriginal • Marra Worra Worra Aboriginal • WA Housing Authority (home Corporation Corporation modifications) • WA Housing Authority (home • Kurungal Council Inc. (HACC • Kimberley Disability Advocacy modifications) Centre) (home modifications) • Kimberley Disability Advocacy • Garl Garl Walbu Alcohol (home modifications) Association Aboriginal Corporation (sobering up shelter)

Residential Aged Care • Juniper Numbala Nunga • Juniper Guwardi Ngadu (32 (26 bed facility high care bed facility permanent and permanent and respite care) respite care) • Juniper Ngamang Bawoona (17 bed low care facility)

Gaps in service • Appropriate aged housing provision and support • Specialised health services • Age-friendly public infrastructure • Access to appropriate transport • Weekend support and after hours support • Targeted recreational and social activities

Shire of Halls Creek (SDWK) Total population: 3,269 The Shire of Halls Creek includes the townsite of Halls Creek Population 50 years and over: 636 (19.4%) plus many discrete remote Aboriginal communities. Population 65 years and over: 168 (5.13%) Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population 45 years and over: 476 (14.5%) (Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2017) Age-Friendly Communities

Halls Creek Aboriginal Communities

Health Services • WACHS (Halls Creek Hospital - acute medical • WACHS (Halls Creek Hospital - acute medical services, chronic disease management and services, chronic disease management and Community Health Unit) Community Health Unit) • Kimberley Aged and Community Services • Kimberley Aged and Community Services (WACHS) (WACHS) • Access Care Network Australia (Regional • Access Care Network Australia (RAS) Assessment Service) • Independent Living Centre (information • Independent Living Centre (information and advice) and advice) • Yura Yungi Medical Service (AMS) • Yura Yungi Medical Service (AMS) • Kimberley Mental Health & Drug Service • Halls Creek TAFE (aged care sector training) • Royal Flying Doctor Service

Sport, Recreational • Yarliyil Art Centre • Kapululangu Aboriginal Women Law & Culture and Social Clubs, • Halls Creek Aquatic and Recreational Centre Centre Organisations and • Halls Creek Golf Club • Warlayirti Artists Aboriginal Corporation (Balgo) Activities • Halls Creek Community Care Inc. • Warmun Art Centre

45 / North West Ageing and Aged Care Strategy | 2017 Halls Creek Aboriginal Communities

Information Services, • Halls Creek Community Care Inc. • Kimberley Aged and Community Services Personal Administration (HACC and HCP) (WACHS) Assistance and • Yarliyil Art Centre • Kapululangu Aboriginal Women Law & Culture Advocacy • Jungarni Jutiya Indigenous Corporation Centre • Kimberley Disability Advocacy • Warlayirti Artists Aboriginal Corporation (Balgo) • Centrelink • Warmun CRC • Yarliyil Art Centre • Billiluna CRC • Halls Creek CRC • Warmun Community Inc. • Warmun Art Centre

Age-Friendly • SHC • SHC Infrastructure • WACHS Kimberley Population Health • Community Housing Limited • Nirrumbuk Aboriginal Corporation (STEP)

Transport • Wunan Foundation • Wunan Foundation • Jungarni Jutiya Indigenous Corporation (night patrol)

Halls Creek Aboriginal Communities

Appropriate Aged • WA Housing Authority – Lumboo Village – • WA Housing Authority Housing 21 units – mixed pensioner and disability • Nirrumbuk Aboriginal Corporation (STEP) affordable housing complex • Community Housing Limited

Community and Home • Halls Creek Community Care Inc. • Kimberley Aged and Community Services Based Care Supports (HACC and HCP) (WACHS) • WACHS Kimberley Population Health (home • Warmun Community Inc. (aged care support) modifications visiting service) • Kapululangu Aboriginal Women Law & Culture • Halls Creek TAFE (aged care sector training) Centre (aged care support)

Residential Aged Care • Menkawun Ngurra – Halls Creek People’s • $11 million aged care facility lying idle in Church Aged Care Facility – operated by Yura Warmun Yungi Medical Service (28 bed facility high care permanent and respite care)

Gaps in service • Appropriate aged housing provision and support • Specialised health services • Age-friendly public infrastructure • Access to appropriate transport – need for community bus • Weekend support and after hours support • Targeted recreational and social activities • Unused facility in Warmun

North West Ageing and Aged Care Strategy | 2017 / 46 Shire of Wyndham East Kimberley (SWEK) Total population: 7,148 The Shire of Wyndham East Kimberley includes the towns Population 50 years and over: 1,802 (25.2%) of Kununurra and Wyndham as well as many discrete remote Population 65 years and over: 461 (6.44%) Aboriginal communities, the largest of which is Kalumburu. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population 45 years and over: 503 (7.0%) (Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2017) Age-Friendly Communities

Kununurra Wyndham Aboriginal Communities

Health Services • WACHS (Kununurra District • WACHS (Wyndham District • Kimberley Aged and Hospital - acute medical Hospital - acute medical Community Services (WACHS) services, Community Health services, Community Health Unit, Population Health Unit) Unit) • Kimberley Aged and • Access Care Network Australia Community Services (WACHS) (RAS) • Access Care Network Australia • Independent Living Centre (RAS) (information and advice) • Independent Living Centre • St John Ambulance (information and advice) • Royal Flying Doctor Service • Ord Valley Aboriginal Health Service • Kununurra Medical (Wunan Foundation) • Boab Health Services • Kimberley Mental Health & Drug Service • St John Ambulance • Royal Flying Doctor Service

Sport, Recreational • Waringarri Aboriginal Arts • Joongari House and Social Clubs, • Kununurra RSL Club • Wyndham Golf Club Organisations and • Kununurra Bowls Club • Wyndham Memorial Activities • Kununurra Lions Club Swimming Pool • Kununurra Rotary Club • Kununurra Neighbourhood House • Kununurra Historical Society • Kununurra Community Resource Centre • Juniper Kununurra Community Care • Kununurra Leisure Centre

Information Services, • Kununurra CRC • Joongari House • Kalumburu CRC Personal Administration • Juniper Kununurra • Centrelink agent Assistance and Community Care • Wyndham CRC Advocacy • Kimberley Disability Advocacy • Centrelink • MG Corporation • SWEK

Age-Friendly • SWEK • SWEK • WA Housing Authority Infrastructure • WACHS Population Health • Nirrumbuk Aboriginal Corporation (STEP) • Community Housing Limited • SWEK

Transport • Juniper Kununurra Community • Juniper Marlgu Village (HACC) Care (HACC) • Kununurra Waringarri Aboriginal Corporation (night patrol)

47 / North West Ageing and Aged Care Strategy | 2017 Kununurra Wyndham Aboriginal Communities

Appropriate Aged • WA Housing Authority • WA Housing Authority Housing (3 single bed units for • Nirrumbuk Aboriginal pensioners) Corporation (STEP) • Community Housing Limited • Wunan Foundation

Community and Home • Juniper Kununurra Community • Juniper Marlgu Village (HACC) • Kimberley Aged and Based Care Supports Care (HACC, day centre and Community Services (WACHS) respite) • Kununurra Waringarri Aboriginal Corporation (Moongoong Sober Up Shelter) • WACHS Kimberley Population Health (home modifications) • WA Housing Authority (home modifications) • Kimberley Disability Advocacy (home modifications)

Residential Aged Care • Kununurra Residential Aged • Juniper Marlgu Village Care Facility (WACHS) – 10 bed (9 bed facility permanent and permanent high care facility respite care) • Juniper are currently building a 30 bed permanent high care and respite facility also incorporating HACC services, day centre

Gaps in service • Residential aged housing in remote communities provision and support • Appropriate aged housing • Specialised health services • Age-friendly public infrastructure • Access to appropriate transport • Respite • Weekend support and after hours support • Targeted recreational and social activities

North West Ageing and Aged Care Strategy | 2017 / 48 Ageing and Aged Care Strategy Framework

5.1 Strategic Vision Statement Inspirational in terms of crafting Guiding Principles are the Eden Principles, now This Strategy has adopted the following being valued and utilised by a growing Strategic Vision Statement to summarise number of age care providers (see intent; namely – Appendix iii).). Eleven Guiding Principles have been 5 ‘Developing the North West as identified for this Strategy; namely: a region where older people • Respect – revering, honouring and can confidently choose to age valuing older people for their wisdom and ongoing contributions and well, safely and in place’. participation; and acknowledging that all aged people have the right of respect for their decisions about their 5.2 Guiding Principles lifestyle choices and security. Guiding principles are the fundamental, • Person-centred – ensuring aged care moral and ethical beliefs that underpin supports are based on the needs any strategy or methodology. As core and desires of individual ageing values, they help define the boundaries community members, enabling them of action, act as driving forces for to choose the setting and types of the Strategy’s desired outcomes and support they value. recommended actions and help foster trust and collaboration amongst • Active Ageing, Inclusion and stakeholders. Guiding Principles Contribution – creating and exploring also contribute to the creation of a ageing options that avoid feelings framework for decision making about of loneliness, boredom and priorities and stakeholder support and helplessness; and enable relationship funding. In synopsis, any action ought and companionship building and to be measured against these Guiding active participation in community and Principles. intergenerational exchange.

49 / North West Ageing and Aged Care Strategy | 2017 5

• Human Dignity and Equity – enabling the desire to do things and effect • To champion and support older people to access the care and outcomes in better and smarter ways. collaboration, co-design(?) and support that they need, regardless It seeks to encourage openness and stronger partnerships by aged of cultural or linguistic background, flexibility whilst nurturing engagement care providers, stakeholders and location and life circumstance; and persistence. community groups in the development opposing all forms of discrimination of policy, planning and integrated • Asset and Opportunity Focus – whether based on age, race, ethnicity, service delivery and the reduction of dynamically pursuing opportunities gender or sexual orientation. fragmentation and overlap. for strength-based initiatives, • Diversity – appreciating the diversity building upon local assets, creativity • To promote and support the of aspirations, needs, contributions, and existing resourcefulness, and development of the aged care sector locations and health status of older especially facilitating opportunities as a desirable and rewarding career persons in the North West Region; that enable older people to contribute choice. ensuring ageing services are delivered their wisdom, skills and opportunities. in a safe and effective manner that is 5.4 Desired Future Outcomes 5.3 Strategic Goals responsive to and respectful of that Based on the expressed and articulated diversity. Strategic Goals are broad statements of feedback from older residents, carers, • Cultural Appreciation – valuing intent that direct strategies and actions service provider professionals and Aboriginal social and cultural towards accomplishing the Strategic stakeholders in the North West Region, priorities and practices, including the Vision Statement in line with the defined identified relevant contextual policies importance of ‘Country’, kin and lore/ Guiding Principles. This North West Ageing and frameworks and the above stated law to Aboriginal people and their and Aged Care Strategy has eight key strategic vision statement and guiding impact on ageing lifestyle choices. Strategic Goals; namely – principles, the following set of four Desired Future Outcomes, that align with • To build, support and maintain ‘age- • Community Ownership – stimulating the ‘four planks’ framework, have been friendly’ communities throughout the greater ownership, awareness selected; namely – and engagement by the wider North West Region. community in the creation of age- • To provide a map and gap analysis 5.5 Recommended Strategies friendly communities and meaningful of ageing and aged care services and As indicated in the above Section, initiatives to support older members facilities currently available in the the North West Ageing and Aged Care to age well and safely. North West Region. Strategy has identified fourDesired Future • Collaboration and Coordination – • To encourage the design and Outcomes. The set of 11 recommended encouraging stronger partnerships, development of community based Strategies and its 56 Actions with collaborative approaches, networking, initiatives that prevent loneliness, Deliverables, Lead Agency, Partners and and integrated service delivery; aiming isolation, boredom, helplessness and Timeline emanates from this framework. for the smarter use of resources and vulnerability for ageing residents in In terms of the Strategy timeline below, reduced fragmentation, duplication the North West Region. short term refers to ‘within the next 6 and overlap of services. • To identify and promote models of months’. Middle term refers to ‘0-12 • Cultural and Place-based Relevance aged care support that will contribute months’; and, long term refers a ‘1-3 – recognising the cultural and to the attraction and retention of year period’ and ongoing refers to a geographic diversity of the North West ageing residents across the North requirement for continuous monitoring. Region and thus ensuring that ageing West Region. policy and programmeme support options evolve with a determined • To identify and promote specific reference to local cultural frameworks, aged care models that are culturally place based solutions, the active sensitive to the needs of Aboriginal participation of community members people, and enable them to age well ...enabling older people to and their diverse cultural/ community and safely near or on ‘Country’. realities, opportunities and needs. • To recognise the real contribution access the care and support • Innovation and Creativity – fostering that older residents contribute to that they need, regardless an autotelic culture within the community and economic life in the age care sector that capitalises North West Region. of cultural or linguistic on innovation, best practice and background, location and life circumstance.

North West Ageing and Aged Care Strategy | 2017 / 50 Desired Future Outcome 1

Age-friendly communities that allow all Why is this outcome so important? older people in the North West Region to Due to its remote and isolated geographic placement, low population age well, safely and in place. and the transient nature of communities, to date, the priority and needs of older people residing in the North West Region have been substantially neglected. Internationally, ‘Age-friendly’ communities celebrate the diversity and contributions Desired Future Outcome of older people; are inclusive, respectful 2 and safe; and cater to, and anticipate the specific needs and preferences of older people. To achieve this community Sufficient range of affordable and aspiration, and to be able to effectively appropriate aged housing options retain and grow the population of regional communities, attract older in communities across the North people to the North West Region and subsequently create economies of scale West Region. that allow for the feasible provision of services, the basic social and physical infrastructure that supports older people living in North West communities needs to be improved. Finally, cultivating a community-wide culture and attitude of Desired Future Outcome 3 respect, compassion and patience for older people was highlighted by service providers, stakeholders and North West Accessible, relevant and culturally residents as the most important factor in creating age-friendly communities. appropriate community and home based care supports that allow older people residing in the North West Region to live independently for as long as possible.

Desired Future Outcome 4 Quality and culturally relevant residential aged care facilities throughout the North West Region that allow older people to stay connected to community and age safely with dignity.

51 / North West Ageing and Aged Care Strategy | 2017 Key Strategies Actions Deliverables Lead Agency & Timeline Partners Strategy 1. 1. Utilising the approach of • Development of a planning • RDAK • Medium term the Kimberley youth policy process and appropriate • RDAP Implement an ‘age- formulation process in 2016, tools and templates. • WALGA – Kimberley friendly’ strategic instigate the formulation • Regional Age-Friendly Country Zone planning processes of Regional Age-Friendly Strategies for both the • PRC across the North Strategies for both the Pilbara and Kimberley. • DC West Region that Kimberley and Pilbara • All Pilbara and results in place regions as joint initiatives Kimberley councils based plans at the involving the set of four local • NGOs local level. governments in each area. • LGAs

2. Similar to the Kimberley • Individual Age-Friendly • LGAs • Medium term youth policy formulation Plans for each of the eight • Aged care service process, based upon the local governments within providers Kimberley and Pilbara Age- the North West Region. Friendly Strategies, each local government develop its own Age-friendly Plan for its set of communities as being undertaken by many local governments across Australia.

Strategy 2. 1. Create specific Task Teams • Formation of Local Health • WACHS • Long term in both the Kimberley and Review Teams. • LGAs Review, recommend Pilbara involving a cross • Formation of local reports • Health agencies and implement section of health providers, with recommended • Older residents changes to improve stakeholders and especially actions. • AMSs the local delivery older resident consumers to • Implementation of local of health services undertake local reviews and changes. to older people to advocate for local change in the North West regarding aged health issues. Region, including a focus on specialist 2. Continue the regional focus • Improved use of • PDC • Ongoing services, dementia, on improving internet technology to enhance and • KDC palliative care, services to the Pilbara deliver health services. • RDAK oncology, mental and Kimberley in order • Improved collaboration • RDAP health support, to provide tele-health between services. • CRCs transitional and services and improve overall • WACHS rehabilitation communication infrastructure • PHN care and geriatric that could also be used for • AMSs services. online training of health service staff.

3. Extend the Older Person • Continual extension of the • WACHS • Ongoing Initiative to smaller hospitals, initiative. not just in regional hospitals.

North West Ageing and Aged Care Strategy | 2017 / 52 Key Strategies Actions Deliverables Lead Agency & Timeline Partners Strategy 2 4. Ensure that the formal • Clarity and certainty for • Aged care service • Short term acknowledgement of Aboriginal people. providers Aboriginal people ageing • Centrelink (Continued) from 45 years+ is reflected in their ability to obtain necessary services.

5. Establish multi-purpose • Integrated health and aged • WACHS • Long term services in targeted areas care services. • Local health service across the North West • Provision of continuity providers Region. The MPS model of care and a balanced • Aged care involves the pooling of and appropriate mix stakeholders and Commonwealth and State of health and related service provider health and aged care services relevant to local groups funds within regional community needs. • AMSs areas. It creates a flexible environment for these funds to be used across all health and aged care programmes according to community needs.

6. Implement Spark of Life as • Train two Master • Residential aged care • Ongoing the philosophy for providing Practitioners per local service providers an internationally recognised government area. • Aged care service model for excellence in • Implementation of providers culturally appropriate philosophy in dementia • Dementia Care dementia care for the North care. Australia (Spark of West Region (see Appendix Life) v).

7. Embrace the international • Work with PCWA to • PCWA • Ongoing movement Compassionate promote throughout the • LGAs Communities and its Charter region the ‘Compassionate • Aged care service as a way of recognising that City Charter’ and the ‘Dying providers end-of-life care is a whole of Well Community Charter’ community responsibility. principles and practical actions. Strategy 3 1. As part of the proposed • Agency recreational audits • LGAs • Medium term local government Ageing Plan for each local government • Aged care formulation process, audit area. stakeholder and Create more options current and possible options • Identification of service provider for targeted and for senior recreational volunteering options and groups intergenerational activities, social interactions better pathways. social, recreational and volunteer involvement. and volunteer engagement activities for older people throughout the North West Region.

2. Seek financial resources to • Improved local respite • Aged care service • Short term enable an increasing number options. providers of aged providers supporting • Greater access to country • Lotterywest Aboriginal older people for older Aboriginal people. • Service clubs to access four-wheel drive buses to enable them to provide more outings ‘back to Country’ and activities like fishing trips.

53 / North West Ageing and Aged Care Strategy | 2017 Key Strategies Actions Deliverables Lead Agency & Timeline Partners Strategy 3 3. Explore and research options • Specific Report highlighting • RDAK • Medium term and models to enhance and the current and potential • RDAP strengthen the unique role contribution of art centres • Art Centres (Continued) of art centres throughout the across the North West • DLGSC North West Region as service Region in supporting provision hubs for older ageing residents. people, especially Aboriginal • Funding support to older people. maximise initiatives and involvement. • Promotion of best practice.

4. Explore and research options • Specific Report highlighting • RDAK • Medium term and models to strengthen the the current and potential • RDAP role of Community Resource role of CRCs in their • CRCs Centres (CRCs) to support support of older people. • DPIRD the information, recreational, • Funding support to networking and advocacy maximise initiatives and needs of older residents. involvement. • Promotion of best practice.

5. Lobby the Seniors • Continue to grow and • Aged care service • Short term Recreational Council of WA expand initial involvement providers to focus on the North West within the Pilbara region. • DLGSC Region as a pilot region for • Creation of a unique • Local senior groups their regional and remote seniors’ model in the North initiatives. West Region, piloted in several destinations.

6. Introduce the SilverSport • Creation of SilverSport as • DLGSC • Short term initiative of the Department an initiative in the North • Local senior groups of Sport and Recreation in West. • Local recreation and the North West Region. • Promotion of SilverSport. aquatic centres

7. At the local community • Review of best practice. • CBOs • Short term level, identify, map, highlight • Pilot initiative. • NGOs and utilise the gifts, • LGAs passions and interests of local older people. Learn from the experiences of those(?) at Sydney based social enterprise, Beehive Industries.

8. Create a specific volunteer • Review of best practice. • Volunteering WA • Short term programme that targets the • Pilot initiative. • CBOs active engagement of older • NGOs North West residents as well • Local senior groups as the seasonal ‘grey nomad’ migration group.

9. Through the active • Review of best practice. • Local senior groups • Short term engagement of local • Community promotion of • Neighbourhood schools and early year’s best practice. houses groups, create more • Creation of local initiatives. • Early years groups local opportunities for • Residential care intergenerational activities facilities and social interaction. • Local schools

North West Ageing and Aged Care Strategy | 2017 / 54 Key Strategies Actions Deliverables Lead Agency & Timeline Partners Strategy 4 1. Create a senior’s directory • Review of best practice • LGAs • Short term (hard copy and online examples from other • Local senior groups versions) for all major centres communities. Explore and across the North West Region • Production, distribution implement that summarises all services and promotion of local initiatives that as well as any other relevant directories. improve older or useful information. Learn person(s) from the model currently understanding and used in the Fraser Coast use of opportunities Regional Council communities and information (Queensland). that could enhance their wellbeing. 2. Explore and implement the • Review of best practice • LGAs • Short term option of establishing an examples from other • Local senior groups effective translator service communities. for Aboriginal people when • Production, distribution navigating Centrelink and My and promotion of local Aged Care services. directories.

3. Explore and implement • Review of best practice. • Short term volunteer models that • Community promotion of can assist older people to best practice. better understand, navigate • Creation of local initiatives. and negotiate with the ageing and aged care system and access services and entitlements. Learn from the initiatives of the Northumberland Community Care in Alberta, Canada.

4. Support regular information • Information sessions and • LGAs • Short term sessions and events to events. • DC disseminate information • Utilisation of Seniors Week relating to ageing and and funding. relevant community services. Build upon the model of the Looma Community Open Day.

5. Strengthen the networking • Promotion of Collective • RDAK opportunities for service Impact (CI) concepts and • RDAP providers and stakeholders processes. • WACHS working in the ageing and • CI projects. • Aged care service aged care sector with a providers focus on establishing more examples of ‘collective impact’ and ‘wrap-around’ care for older people.

6. Establish an annual Seniors • Seniors week events. • LGAs • Short term Week event in the North • Aged care service West Region to raise providers community awareness of the • DC contributions and needs of older people and connect older residents with services and the broader community.

7. Establish an annual • ‘Grandparent Day’ events. • LGAs • Short term ‘Grandparents Day’ to acknowledge and raise awareness of the role grandparents play in caring for family.

55 / North West Ageing and Aged Care Strategy | 2017 Key Strategies Actions Deliverables Lead Agency & Timeline Partners Strategy 5 1. Form a task team to • Elder Abuse Task Team. • Aged care service • Medium term formulate Elder Abuse • Protocol Document. providers Protocol that incorporates • Promotion campaign. • DC Develop a Regional an action plan and support • Safe houses Protocol and set of mechanisms for older people • LGAs actions that target vulnerable to abuse (see elder abuse. Appendix iv).

2. Establish anti-ageism • Best practice review. • Aged care service • Medium term campaigns, activities and • Anti-ageism campaign. providers events that promote greater • DC intergenerational activity and • LGAs respect for older people. Strategy 6 1. Ensure local government • Inclusion with local Age- • LGAs • Medium term Age-Friendly Plans incorporate Friendly Plans and actions. a focus on physical Ensure public infrastructure issues such infrastructure as the provision of good projects support pathways and walkways; and encourage safer and clearly marked older people to stay pedestrian crossings; hand active and involved rails where appropriate; and in community. adequate and appropriate lighting, seating and shade.

2. Create a more diverse • Creation of new spaces. • LGAs • Medium term range of age appropriate community ‘bumping spaces’ that encourage older people to socialise outside of their homes and formal activities. Strategy 7 1. Ensure that transport is • Ongoing transport • LGAs • Medium term a major consideration in improvements. the Ageing Plans of local Raise awareness government. of the importance of transport as a 2. Encourage service providers • Asset map of transport • LGAs • Ongoing major issue for and community organisations related resources of service • Men’s Sheds older persons, and (e.g. schools, Men’s Sheds providers and CBOs. • Schools instigate practical etc.) to pool resources (e.g. • Development of targeted • Local senior groups initiatives that can vehicles and volunteers) local transport options. • Service clubs be taken at the and explore options to • Implement targeted • Aged care service community level. provide an age specific and transport options. providers appropriate transport service relevant to the needs of each community.

3. Create task teams in the • Improvements to PATS. • WACHS • Short term Kimberley and the Pilbara • Aged care service to thoroughly assess the providers effectiveness and limitations • PDC of the PATS scheme to • KDC explore options for its • Royalties for Regions improvement.

North West Ageing and Aged Care Strategy | 2017 / 56 Key Strategies Actions Deliverables Lead Agency & Timeline Partners Strategy 8 1. Create a task team in both • Task Team. • RDAP • Medium term the Kimberley and the Pilbara • Development of • PDC to explore the growth and employment strategies. • RDAK Develop an development of employment • KDC Employment pathways in the delivery • WACHS Pathways Plan for of health services related • Aged care service aged care sector to ageing and aged care. providers in the North West Two specific foci need to be • DJTSI Region. practical actions to encourage greater appeal of the sector to young people as a career pathway, and greater employment participation by Aboriginal people, especially in remote areas.

Why is this outcome so important? Many older people have expressed Desired Future Outcome concern for their safety and well-being in 2 Across the North West Region, there such arrangements. For the North West is a major gap in the provision of Region to become a desirable place for appropriate housing for older people. In Sufficient range of affordable older Australians to retire and age well, most communities, this simply has not there must be sufficient appropriate and appropriate aged housing been an issue or priority. In some town housing and diverse stock. For older options in communities centres, the opportunity to downsize is Aboriginal people, housing options only available to pensioners, and this is across the North West Region. must also respond to their cultural usually within mixed living arrangements predilections and circumstances. with younger residents.

Key Strategies Actions Deliverables Lead Agency & Timeline Partners Strategy 1 1. Explore the feasibility • Feasibility Strategy that • National Lifestyle • Long term of establishing more outlines options. Villages independent living centres or • Pilot initiatives. • LGAs Develop and land lease housing options • WA Housing Authority promote a range throughout the North West of housing options Region that allow existing that focus on the residents to downsize and needs of older also provides housing people. options that may attract older people to the region. In areas where this is not feasible, explore options to ‘downsize in place’, such as dual key arrangements, ancillary dwellings, shared living arrangements and co- ownership models.

2. Explore the feasibility of • Review of ‘Tiny Homes’ • Local community • Medium term piloting a ‘tiny homes’ initiative and options in initiative initiative in the North West Australia. Region. Learn from the • Promotion of option as a developments of the ‘Tiny pilot initiative. House Movement’ gaining momentum across the USA.

57 / North West Ageing and Aged Care Strategy | 2017 Key Strategies Actions Deliverables Lead Agency & Timeline Partners Strategy 1 3. Create task teams in the • Task Teams. • WA Housing Authority • Long term Kimberley and Pilbara • Asset map of possibilities • Aged care service to identify and support • Promotion of options. providers (Continued) the reuse of existing, • Pilot initiatives. • Mining companies underutilised and surplus resources and assets (e.g. dongers, shipping containers, disused mining camps etc.) for long term and short term accommodation for older people. In addition, consider models for seasonal accommodation to encourage greater numbers of older people to engage in long term family visiting. Osprey Village in South Hedland and Kurra Village in Newman are obvious sites.

4. Explore best practice models • Review of best practice. • ACs • Ongoing for the design of appropriate • Promotion. • Aged care service aged housing for Aboriginal • Pilot programmes. providers elders and work with relevant stakeholders (especially Aboriginal Corporations) to oversee their establishment. Ideally, a ‘cluster housing model’ of independent living units or assisted living units co-located next to a primary health facility or HACC service. Learn from the models that have already been created in South Hedland, Roebourne and Onslow. The Age Friendly Cluster Housing Business Case Development Guide developed by the Wheatbelt Development Commission is a particularly useful resource.

5. Identify and promote targeted • Asset mapping exercise. • LGAs • Ongoing locations as desirable places • Promotional campaigns. in which to age, capitalising on regional assets such as weather, lifestyle, affordable housing etc.

6. Incorporate universal • Increased number of • LGAs • Ongoing design principles into the homes with improved • Developers / builders modification of existing accessibility across the • WA Housing Authority homes and into the North West Region. development of new housing stock to be able to cater to the varying needs of residents with different requirements and limited housing options into the future.

North West Ageing and Aged Care Strategy | 2017 / 58 Key Strategies Actions Deliverables Lead Agency & Timeline Partners Strategy 1 7. Establish aged care • Initiation of dialogue. • LGAs • Medium term initiatives as a priority within • Creation of MOUs. • Aged care service agreements with mining • Pilot projects. providers (Continued) and resource companies. • Mining companies Currently, the SoA are seeking an MOU with Rio Tinto regarding an aged care investment. The current action of SoA is a precedent.

Why is this outcome so important? HACC services, whilst others barely meet Desired Future Outcome demand. A community like Nullagine 3 The ultimate aim of supporting older currently has no services. A significant people to age well, safely and in place factor impacting the support older is to ensure their independence for as Accessible, relevant and people receive in their own homes is the long as possible and delay the need level of community connectedness they culturally appropriate for expensive residential aged care and experience. Whilst formal community and community and home based loss of personal independence. Older home based care supports are vital, there people across the North West Region rely care supports that allow is no substitute for the role that a strong heavily on HACC services. There is a great older people residing in the and connected community can play in deal of variation in how these services providing older people with the support North West Region to live are administered and delivered. Some they require to stay at home. independently for as long major communities have exceptional as possible.

Key Strategies Actions Deliverables Lead Agency & Timeline Partners Strategy 1 1. Campaign to reassess the • Continue regional • Aged care service • Short term relevance and feasibility of dialogue. providers current proposed aged care • Appropriate changes in • RDAP Sustain and reforms from block funded policy and practice. • RDAK enhance the HACC and HCP services • DH delivery of to CDC in the North West • DoH community and Region, and the threats home based care this entails to services supports across the like Kimberley Aged and North West Region. Community Services (KACS) and Silverchain.

2. Support and encourage • Review of best practice. • Aged care service • Short term service providers to adopt • Pilot initiatives. providers a ‘hub and spoke’ model to • DH effectively and efficiently • DoH service remote areas. KACS (WACHS) is a best practice example of this model.

3. Explore the creation of • Creation of support • Local government • Ongoing a volunteer network of network. • Aged care service tradespeople and service providers providers who could provide reduced rate services for older people.

59 / North West Ageing and Aged Care Strategy | 2017 Key Strategies Actions Deliverables Lead Agency & Timeline Partners Strategy 1 4. Establish initiatives to • Review of best practice. • Local government • Short term encourage neighbours to • Compilation of possible get to know one another actions. (Continued) and support each other. • Promotion. Learn from the initiatives of Relationships Australia’s Neighbour Day, and a variety of local governments that have adopted programmes to encourage residents to get to know their neighbours.

5. Explore the option of creating • Review of best practice. • Aged care service • Long term a ‘virtual retirement village’ • Promotion of ideas. providers in targeted major centres • Pilot initiatives. of the North West Region. A virtual retirement village is an online local network supporting people to live independently in their own homes with access to local services. Learn from the extensive experiences occurring throughout the USA and the Eastern Bay Villages initiative in the Bay of Plenty in New Zealand.

6. Establish community based • Review of best practice. • Review of best • Short term meal sharing initiatives • Compilation of possible practice. e.g. the Casserole Club and actions. • Compilation of Beehive Industries ‘Low cost • Promotion. possible actions. meals for seniors’ initiatives. • Promotion.

7. Increase availability of day • Promotion of best practice. • Aged care service • Medium term centre / respite facilities • Pilot initiatives. providers for older people especially targeting older Aboriginal people. HACC day centres in Hedland and Broome both offer regional best practice examples.

8. Establish family centres • Promotion of idea. • ACs • Medium term with a strong focus on • Pilot initiatives. offering support for older Aboriginal people caring for younger family members to access services, assistance and respite. An example of such an organisation is the 3Bridges Community in south Sydney.

9. Establish a support • Promotion of idea. • LGAs • Medium term programme for grandparents • Pilot initiatives. caring for family members. For example, the Queensland Government’s ‘Time for Grandparents’ Programme.

North West Ageing and Aged Care Strategy | 2017 / 60 Why is this outcome so important? there are only two residential aged Desired Future Outcome care facilities currently in existence. The 4 For those older people who can no provision of more culturally appropriate longer live on their own, residential aged residential aged care is a challenge care facilities are vital to ensure they Quality and culturally relevant across the North West Region. Finally, the receive proper care; the absence of which rapidly escalating ripple effect impacts of residential aged care facilities creates a significant strain on acute dementia is a critical issue that requires throughout the North West medical services. Certainly, the Kimberley to be urgently addressed with practical is better serviced than the Pilbara, where Region that allow older action and visionary zeal! people to stay connected to community and age safely with dignity.

Key Strategies Actions Deliverables Lead Agency & Timeline Partners Strategy 1 1. As a priority, support be • Task Teams in identified • LGAs • Long term mobilised to increase the locations. • Residential aged care spread of aged care facilities • Project development. service providers Form task teams across the Pilbara, especially in both the Pilbara at Karratha and Newman and Kimberly to (Western Desert). Include explore options to negotiations with service extend aged care providers who operate facilities and their facilities in the Kimberley ability to enhance and other remote Australian the wellbeing of regions. residents.

2. A review of Karlarra House as • Task Team formation. • WACHS • Short term a regional aged care facility • Review facility and • ToPH be undertaken to enhance its ascertain improvements appeal and suitability. using tools like independent, not-for-profit feedback platform ‘Patient Opinion’. • Implement improvements.

3. As a pilot model that • Formation of Task Team. • KJ • Long term could be extended to • Feasibility Plan. • ACs other geographic, cultural • Project implementation. and remote groups, create the support to enable the development of an innovative small scale low cost model for residential aged care for elder Martu of the Western Desert. See Appendix ii). for details of such an initiative proposed by Kanyirninpa Jukurrpa (KJ) and other Martu support agencies.

61 / North West Ageing and Aged Care Strategy | 2017 Key Strategies Actions Deliverables Lead Agency & Timeline Partners Strategy 1 4. Explore best practice • Review of best practice. • Residential aged care • Medium term models to deliver culturally • Promotion. service providers appropriate residential • Task Team Formation. (Continued) aged care. Learn from the • Pilot Projects. experiences of Germanus Kent House in Broome (especially their award winning Galiya Mabudyan Programme) and Rumbalara Aboriginal Co-operative in Shepparton Victoria. The latter facility has combined Aboriginal student training with their aged care facility, and run a café as part of their dining facility and Mutkin Aged Care services which provide a good model for integrated service delivery.

5. Explore flexible models of • Task Team Formation. • Residential aged care • Medium term care where older people • Expansion of Programme. service providers who are able can go ‘back • Aged care service to Country’ or back to family providers for periods of time whilst • DC still receiving support. The • DoH National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Flexible Aged Care Programme allows for this type of care and should be expanded across the North West Region.

6. Encourage all residential • Promotion of Principles. • Residential aged care • Short term aged care facilities across • Regional adoption. service providers North West Region to adopt the principles of the Eden Alternative in service delivery (see Appendix iii).

7. Encourage and provide • Review of best practice. • Residential aged care • Ongoing opportunities for continuous • Compilation of possible service providers and regular interaction actions. • Local government with residential aged care • Promotion. • Local community residents and the broader • Early years groups community. e.g. the initiative • Local schools of Juniper and local primary schools in Fitzroy Crossing and Wyndham, where groups of students have afternoon tea and interact with the residents after school. Another successful initiative is the intergenerational playgroup run by Baptistcare Yallambee (Mundaring).

North West Ageing and Aged Care Strategy | 2017 / 62 Abbreviations 6

AASW Australian Association of Social Workers KAHPF Kimberley Aboriginal Health Planning Forum ABI Acquired Brain Injury KJ Kanyirninpa Jukurrpa ABS Australian Bureau of Statistics KMAC Kuruma Marthundunera Aboriginal Corporation AC Aboriginal Corporation NAC Ngarluma Aboriginal Corporation ACAT Aged Care Assessment Team NBAC Ngarliyarndu Bindirri Aboriginal Corporation ACFA Aged Care Financing Authority NCAN The National CALD Ageing Network ACFI Aged Care Funding Instrument NDIS National Disability Insurance Scheme ACSA Aged and Community Services Australia NGO Non-Government Organisation AMS Aboriginal Medical Service NYFL Ngarluma and Yindjibarndi Foundation BOI Bank of I.D.E.A.S. MOU Memorandum of Understanding CALD Culturally and Linguistically Diverse populations LGAs Local Government Authority/Area CACPs Community Aged Care Packages LGBTI Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender and Intersex people CAP Care Awaiting Placement PATS Patient Assisted Travel Scheme CBOs Community Based Organisations PAMS Puntukurnu Aboriginal Medical Service CHSP Commonwealth Home Support Programme PCWA Palliative Care WA CI Collective Impact PDC Pilbara Development Commission COTA Council on the Ageing PHN Pilbara Health Network CDC Consumer Directed Care PRC Pilbara Regional Council CRC Community Resource Centre RAS Regional Assessment Service CWA Country Women’s Association RDAK Regional Development Australia Kimberley DASSA Derby Aboriginal Short Stay Accommodation RDAP Regional Development Australia Pilbara DC Western Australian Department of Communities RSL Returned and Services League DH Western Australian Department of Health SoA Shire of Ashburton DoH Commonwealth Department of Health SoB Shire of Broome DJTSI Western Australian Department of Jobs, Tourism, Science and Innovation SoEP Shire of East Pilbara DLGSC Western Australian Department of Local Government, SDWK Shire of Derby West Kimberley Sport and Cultural Industries SHC Shire of Halls Creek Western Australian Department of Primary Industries DPIRD SWEK Shire of Wyndham East Kimberley and Regional Development STEP Supported Tenancy Education Programme EPIC Empowering People in Communities ToPH Town of Port Hedland EPIS East Pilbara Independence Services TBR Town Based Reserve FASD Foetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder UN United Nations HACC Home and Community Care Programme WACHS WA Country Health Service HCPs Home Care Packages WALGA Western Australian Local Government Association IBN Yinhawangka, Banyjima and Nyiyaparli people (Aboriginal Corporation) WAPHA WA Primary Health Alliance IFA International Federation on Ageing WHO World Health Organization ITC Integrated Team Care WMYAC Wirlu-Murra Yindjibarndi Aboriginal Corporation KACS Kimberley Aged and Community Services

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