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William Clarence Marvell Grew up As One of Five Children to George Henry Marvell and Elizabeth Anne Ayers

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William Clarence Marvell Grew up As One of Five Children to George Henry Marvell and Elizabeth Anne Ayers Emma Jenkins A Boy from Beaconsfield William Clarence Marvell grew up as one of five children to George Henry Marvell and Elizabeth Anne Ayers. William was born in Beaconsfield on 11 April 1896. His family lived in various homes around Launceston, moving every couple of years before residing permanently at 20 Mayne Street, Invermay. It is likely that William and his closest brother, Charles Roy, attended Beaconsfield State Primary School during their early years as their father worked at the Beaconsfield Gold Mine. During his years growing up in Launceston, William and his family were parishioners of the Holy Trinity Anglican Church and William and Charles are one set of eight pairs of brothers who enlisted from the parish remembered on the honour board at the Church. At the age of 16 years, William watched his eldest brother, George Eric, pass away at their family home and as his father suffered from the effects of Phthisis (tuberculosis), brought on by his lengthy time as a miner, William maintained his mother and his siblings for approximately three years before his enlistment into the Australian Imperial Force. Together with Charles, the brothers enlisted on the 14 May 1916 at Claremont in the state’s south, just three days after Charles’ eighteenth birthday. William was 20 years old. Figures 1 and 2: William Clarence Marvell (left) and his younger brother, Charles Roy Marvell (right) William was assigned to the 40th Battalion 2nd Reinforcements and left Hobart onboard the Ballarat on 8 August 1916. William endured a brief training period at Codford, in Britain’s 1 south before being marched out to the 40th Battalion and being taken on strength on 12 November 1916. On 23 November, William left South Hampton for France. The 40th Battalion composed part of the 10th Brigade, together with the 37th, 38th and 39th Battalions from Victoria, and acted as reserves. The 10th Brigade joined the 9th and 11th Brigades to form the 3rd Division who entered France and first faced the horrors of the Western Front at Armentieres where they conducted patrols into No Man’s Land and minor raids on the German trenches south of the River Lys to the east of Armentieres where the 10th Brigade was stationed. ‘The Nursery’, as this area was called, although quiet, experienced periods of intense fighting which gave Australian soldiers, including William, the opportunity to become familiar with modern warfare and adjust their expectations. Also, the Marvell brothers were able to experience the European winter and its long lasting effects on the topography and the morale of their fellow soldiers. The low-lying and waterlogged fields of Armentieres meant that the brothers would have had to build up and maintain sand bag mounds and other breastworks and live in above ground shelters constructed from sandbags, timber and galvanized iron. On the 9 December 1916, William and his brother would have faced their first tour of duty as the 40th relieved the 38th in the trenches. The winter conditions prevailed and the Battalion held the front line under enemy sniping until 16 December when they were relieved and became the support Battalion for the Brigade when they moved into the nearby city of Houplines and occupied shattered buildings before being called to the trenches again on 20th December. William spent much of December 1916, including his first Christmas in Europe, in No. 7 General Hospital with Mumps. His brother instead spent Christmas Day in the front line trenches, assisting the 37th Battalion to raid the enemy trenches from their sector. William was finally discharged to the base depot at St Omer, Northern France on 28 December 1916; rejoining the Battalion in the field on New Year’s Eve. The 40th experienced their first enemy raid on the night of 3 January 1917 when approximately 80 enemy soldiers got within yards of the parapet at Hobbs’ Farm. There were subsequent occasions where the enemy attacked the trenches manned by the 40th however they never made it over their parapet. January saw William and the 40th stationed at Armentieres until they took over part of the Bois Grenier sector from a British unit on 26 January 1917. The 40th faced an enemy raid on 31 January when the enemy, dressed in white, camouflaged with the snow on the ground and attempted to capture the trenches they occupied near Lille Road. The 40th in early February undertook a series of raids and bombardments. On 19 February 1917 William 2 was wounded whilst on duty, quite possibly during a raid on German trenches that was stifled due to the inability to get through the entanglements in No-Man’s Land. His brother, Charles, was admonished for being drunk whilst on active service and for being absent from the billets during the evening on 6 March 1917. The 10th Brigade, including the 40th, became the reserve and marched back to Tatinghem, near St Omer, for training after spending 14 weeks in the trenches involved with continuous warfare. On 4 April 1917, just before the Battalion was due to be entrained back to Steenwerck, William was admitted to No. 7 General Hospital again, this time with Tonsillitis, later deemed to be Diphtheria, only to be discharged back into the field nine days later following a probable period of quarantine. Charles however, enjoyed his last jaunt away from the billets, stripped of eight days pay for being absent without leave from 10am to 6pm on 6 May 1917. These would be the last entries on the service forms before their deaths in July 1917. The 40th Battalion spent 1917 bogged down in Flanders. Heavy rain and thick, sticky mud made living conditions in the trenches unbearable and progress almost unfathomable. In May the 40th moved into the front line trenches south of the River Douve in St Yves. At this stage, the Battalion, as part of the 3rd Division, were given their preliminary orders for the upcoming attack on the Messines-Wytchaete Ridge. During this time, the Battalion engaged in operations to carry ammunition, making artillery positions, digging trenches and other works to prepare for the attack. On 7 June 1917, William took part in the Battle of Messines, undoubtedly the most enormous attack launched by the Allies during the First World War. The Messines offensive was designed to force the Germans off and away from the Messines Ridge, a 7-mile long salient used by the Germans to control the area and hold ground over the Allies. Gaining this territory was essential for the planned campaign east of Ypres to occur soon after Messines. Under the guidance of General Sir Herbert Plumer, the II ANZAC Corps, consisting of the 25th British, 3rd Australian and the New Zealand Divisions, were to capture the village of Messines and advance out to the flat ground beyond. The 3rd Division’s attacking front line stretched from St Yves to La Petite Douve Farm with William’s 10th Brigade facing the task of crossing the La Douve River, laying down duckboards to assist the following troops and attacking towards the village of Messines. All this was to take place shortly after 3:10am, as 19 enormous mines were set and detonated simultaneously in the biggest explosion the world had ever seen. 3 Figure 3: A map depicting the attacking positions of the British, Australian and New Zealand divisions involved with the Battle of Messines. There were 46 men from the 40th Battalion that died on 7 June 1917 whilst undertaking their duties on the Messines-Wytchaete Ridge. 343 men were wounded in the chaos or suffered from the effects of gas inhalation. In the confusion, William was one of those who was killed at Messines. Initially, William was reported as wounded, with references coming forward in the Red Cross Enquiry Files confirming that he was shot in the arm and gassed at Messines. He received treatment at a dressing station but required no time in hospital. However, after the death of Charles on 22 June 1917 by a shell on Messines Ridge, it became apparent that William had not been seen on active duty, was not receiving treatment in hospital and was reported as ‘wounded and missing’ in September 1917, three months after the Battle of Messines. As Charles’ friends recalled his death and his burial at the Strand Military Cemetery, Ploegstreet Wood, it was confirmed on 1 November 1917 that William Clarence Marvell was in fact killed in action whilst serving at Messines. Figures 4 and 5: Notices from the Launceston Examiner, Wednesday 21 November 1917 4 What is most heartbreaking about these circumstances is the losses that Elizabeth Marvell endured since the boys departure in August 1916. After losing her eldest son in 1912, 1917 saw her lose her husband to a lengthy struggle with Tuberculosis in January and in June she was informed that Charles was killed in action but also that William was wounded and remaining at duty when the reality was much more dire. While Elizabeth had the opportunity to grieve her son Charles and compose an inscription for his headstone, ‘Safe in the arms of Jesus’, she was writing letters to the Defence Department requesting any additional belongings and personal effects of William’s that may have been recovered until 1921. Surely the knowledge that her two sons perished 15 days apart, both unaware of the other’s health and wellbeing had a debilitating and lasting effect on her. The guilt and frustration she must have felt knowing that while she was busy grieving one son and anticipating that the other would arrive home; he was already killed before his time.
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