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3161532732 Lp.Pdf Wissenschaftliche Untersuchungen zum Neuen Testament Herausgeber / Editor Jörg Frey (Zürich) Mitherausgeber / Associate Editors Markus Bockmuehl (Oxford) James A. Kelhoffer (Uppsala) Hans-Josef Klauck (Chicago, IL) Tobias Nicklas (Regensburg) 329 John S. Kloppenborg Synoptic Problems Collected Essays Mohr Siebeck John S. Kloppenborg, born 1951; MA and PhD at the University of St. Michael’s College; Professor and Chair of the Department for the Study of Religion, University of Toronto. e-ISBN PDF 978-3-16-153273-3 ISBN 978-3-16-152617-6 ISSN 0512-1604 (Wissenschaftliche Untersuchungen zum Neuen Testament) Die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliogra- phie; detailed bibliographic data are available on the Internet at http://dnb.dnb.de. © 2014 by Mohr Siebeck, Tübingen, Germany. www.mohr.de This book may not be reproduced, in whole or in part, in any form (beyond that permitted by copyright law) without the publisher’s written permission. This applies particularly to reproductions, translations, microfilms and storage and processing in electronic systems. The book was printed by Gulde-Druck in Tübingen on non-aging paper and bound by Buch binderei Spinner in Ottersweier. Printed in Germany. In the memory of William R. Farmer Michael D. Goulder Frans Neirynck Dicebat Bernardus Carnotensis nos esse quasi nanos, gigantium humeris insi- dentes, ut possimus plura eis et remotiora videre, non utique proprii visus acumine, aut eminentia corporis, sed quia in altum subvenimur et extollimur magnitudine gigantea. Preface This volume had its origins in the kind invitation of Jörg Frey and Henning Ziebritzki to collect and reprint several essays on the Synoptic Gospels and Q. In selecting those for inclusion, I have benefited from the encouragement and counsel of William Arnal, Sarah Rollens, Daniel Smith, and Joseph Verhey- den. Rather than simply reprint the essays as they once appeared, I have attached a bibliographical addendum to each that takes note of literature that has appeared in the meantime, agreeing, dissenting from, and advancing the conclusions of these essays. These addenda do not, of course, aim at biblio- graphical completeness, but offer only some of the most prominent engage- ments with the topics of these essays. All of the essays have been reformatted and a consistent bibliographical format employed, replacing in some instances the author-date format of the original publications. This means, of course, that the original in-text citations now appear as footnotes. The original pagination, however, is indicated with bolded numerals in the body of the text. In preparing these essays for publication I have been aided greatly by the assistance of Ms. Emily Lafleche, who read the re-formatted essays against their original publications, and who located much secondary literature that engaged these essays after their initial appearance. The collection is dedicated, with great admiration, to three giants of Synop- tic studies, all sadly deceased: William R. Farmer, whose Synoptic Problem in 1964 was the prime mover behind the re-opening of studies on the Synoptic Problem in the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s; Michael Goulder, indefatigable advo- cate of the Farrer hypothesis, brilliant and learned redaction critic, and a daunting sparring partner in any debate; and Frans Neirynck, with his encyclo- pedic grasp of Synoptic studies, tireless and generous defender of the Two Document hypothesis, and intellectual leader in New Testament studies. I have profited more than can be stated here from the immense learning of these three. VIII Preface I wish gratefully to acknowledge permission to publish the following articles and essays: “The Theological Stakes in the Synoptic Problem,” The Four Gospels 1992: Festschrift Frans Neirynck (BETL 100; eds. F. Van Segbroeck, C. Tuckett, G. Van Belle and J. Verheyden; Leuven: Peeters, 1992) 93–120. ©Peeters 1992. “Is There a New Paradigm?” Christology, Controversy, and Community: Essays in Honour of David Catchpole (NovTSup 99; eds. D. G. Horrell and C. M. Tuckett; Leiden: E.J. Brill, 2000) 23–47. ©E.J. Brill 2000. “On Dispensing with Q? Goodacre on the Relation of Luke to Matthew,” New Testament Studies 49/2 (2003) 21–36. ©Cambridge University Press 2003. “Variation in the Reproduction of the Double Tradition and an Oral Q?” Ephemerides Theologicae Lovanienses 83/1 (2007) 49–79. ©Peeters 2007. “Synopses and the Synoptic Problem,” New Studies in the Synoptic Problem (BETL 239; eds. P. Foster, A. Gregory, J. S. Kloppenborg and J. Verheyden; Leuven: Peeters, 2011) 51–85. ©Peeters, 2011. “Symbolic Eschatology and the Apocalypticism of Q,” Harvard Theological Review 80/3 (1987) 287–306. ©Harvard University 1987. “‘Easter Faith’ and the Sayings Gospel Q,” Semeia 49 (1990) 71–99. ©Society of Biblical Literature 1990. “Nomos and Ethos in Q,” Gospel Origins and Christian Beginnings: In Honor of James M. Robinson (eds. J. E. Goehring, J. T. Sanders and C. W. Hedrick; Sono- ma, Calif.: Polebridge Press, 1990) 199–214. ©Polebridge Press 1990. “City and Wasteland: Narrative World and the Beginning of the Sayings Gospel (Q),” Semeia 52 (1991) 145–60. ©Society of Biblical Literature 1991. “Literary Convention, Self-Evidence, and the Social History of the Q People,” Semeia 55 (1991) 77–102. ©Society of Biblical Literature 1991. “The Sayings Gospel Q: Literary and Stratigraphic Problems,” Symbols and Strata: Essays on the Sayings Gospel Q (Suomen Eksegeettisen Seuran Julkaisuja, Publi- cations of the Finnish Exegetical Society 65; ed. R. Uro; Helsinki and Göttingen: Finnish Exegetical Society and Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1996) 1–66. ©Finnish Exegetical Society 1996. “A Dog Among the Pigeons: The ‘Cynic Hypothesis’ as a Theological Problem,” From Quest to Quelle: Festschrift James M. Robinson (BETL 146; eds. J. Asgeirsson, K. de Troyer and M. W. Meyer; Leuven: Peeters, 1999) 73–117. ©Peeters 1999. “Discursive Practices in the Sayings Gospel Q and the Quest of the Historical Jesus,” The Sayings Source Q and the Historical Jesus (BETL 158; Colloquium Biblicum Lovaniense XLIX; ed. A. Lindemann; Leuven: Peeters and Leuven University Press, 2001) 149–90. ©Peeters 2001. “Egyptian Viticultural Practices and the Citation of Isa 5:1–7 in Mark 12:1–9,” Novum Testamentum 44/2 (2002) 134–159. ©E.J. Brill 2002. “Self-Help or Deus ex Machina in Mark 12.9?” New Testament Studies 50 (2004) 495–518. ©Cambridge University Press 2004. Preface IX “Evocatio Deorum and the Date of Mark,” JBL 124/3 (2005) 419–50. ©Society of Biblical Literature 2005. “Agrarian Discourse in the Sayings of Jesus,” Engaging Economics: New Testament Scenarios and Early Christian Interpretation (eds. B. Longenecker and K. Lieben- good; Grand Rapids, Mich.: Wm. B. Eerdmans, 2010) 104–128. ©Eerdmans 2010. “Jesus and the Parables of Jesus in Q,” The Gospel Behind the Gospels: Current Studies on Q (NovTSup 75; ed. R. A. Piper; Leiden, New York, and Köln: E.J. Brill, 1995) 275–319. ©Brill 1995. “The Parable of the Prodigal Son and Deeds of Gift,” Jesus, Paul and Early Chris- tianity: Studies in Honour of Henk Jan de Jonge (NovTSup 13; eds. R. Buitenwerf, H. W. Hollander and N. Tromp; Leiden and Boston: E.J. Brill, 2008) 169–94. ©Brill 2008. “Pastoralism, Papyri and the Parable of the Shepherd,” Light from the East: Papyro- logische Kommentare zum Neuen Testament (Philippika. Marburger altertums- kundliche Abhandlungen 39; eds. P. Arzt-Grabner and C. M. Kreinecker; Wies- baden: Harrassowitz Verlag, 2010) 48–69. ©Harrassowitz 2010. “The Representation of Violence in the Synoptic Parables,” Mark and Matthew I: Comparative Readings: Understanding the Earliest Gospels in Their First Cen- tury Settings (WUNT 271; eds. E.-M. Becker and A. Runesson; Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2011) 323–51. ©Mohr Siebeck 2011. Contents Preface ........................................................................................................... VII Abbreviations ............................................................................................... XIII Introduction ....................................................................................................... 1 Part I: SYNOPTIC PROBLEMS ...................................................................... 9 1. The Theological Stakes in the Synoptic Problem ....................................... 11 2. Is there a New Paradigm? ........................................................................... 39 3. On Dispensing with Q? ............................................................................... 62 Goodacre on the Relation of Luke to Matthew 4. Variation in the Reproduction of the Double Tradition .............................. 91 and an Oral Q? 5. Synopses and the Synoptic Problem ......................................................... 120 Part II:THE SAYINGS GOSPEL Q .............................................................. 155 6. Symbolic Eschatology and the Apocalypticism of Q ................................ 157 7. “Easter Faith” and the Sayings Gospel Q ................................................. 179 8. Nomos and Ethos in Q .............................................................................. 204 9. City and Wasteland: Narrative World ....................................................... 222 and the Beginning of the Sayings Gospel (Q) 10. Literary Evidence, Self-Evidence, .......................................................... 237 and the Social History of the Q People 11. The Sayings Gospel Q: Literary and Stratigraphic Problems ................
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