Dissent in the Synoptic Problem
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1 Matthew C. Williams. Two Gospels from One: a Comprehensive
1 Matthew C. Williams. Two Gospels from One: A Comprehensive Text-Critical Analysis of the Synoptic Gospels. Grand Rapids, MI: Kregel Publications, 2006. Pp. 256. ISBN 0-8254- 3904-X. $21.99, paper. 1. Matthew C. Williams’ Two Gospels from One: A Comprehensive Text-Critical Analysis of the Synoptic Gospels promises more than it can deliver, misleads readers with its subtitle, and stymies rather than advances the agendas of text-critical research and gospel criticism. Williams’s study not only fails to shed new light on the Synoptic Problem, but also misappropriates (and misapplies) text-critical criteria to problems beyond their purview. The result is a work that amounts to little more than a cataloguing of well-known arguments for Marcan priority, encumbered by repeated attempts to tether a text-critical approach to the Synoptic Problem. Despite the appearance of copious detail, the work is selective in its treatment and founded upon a number of abstractions. 2. The work’s subtitle leads readers to expect detailed treatment of all three Synoptic Gospels. In fact, only Matthew and Mark are considered. Nor is every pericope relevant to the Synoptic Problem examined—less than a third of Mark’s evidence is taken up (173 verses, or 27%). The exclusion of arguments from “order” or any consideration of Q, both of critical relevance to the Synoptic Problem, further heightens the disparity between the work’s claim and its execution. The author acknowledges these limitations, but makes no effort to reconcile them with the subtitle (p. 46-47). On the contrary, the grand claim is carried over into the first chapter heading: “A Proposed Method for Solving the Synoptic Problem.” 3. -
What If the Gospel According to the Hebrews Was Q?
What If the Gospel according to the Hebrews Was Q? Introduction The absence of references to Q in the Church Fathers has often been taken as evidence against the two- document hypothesis. Michael Goulder writes: “There is no reference to Q in any ancient source.”1 Eta Linnemann says: “The writings of the ancient church give not the slightest hint that such a source ever existed. Among the early church fathers there is not even a rumor of a lost canonical gospel.”2 And Nicholas Perrin writes: “We have no manuscript of Q, no attestation in the early Church Fathers or elsewhere that such a text ever existed. We have no hard evidence at all for Q.”3 Today I want to consider the evidence for and the implications of the idea that Q continued to be used by Christian Jews for centuries after it was taken up by Matthew and Luke and that several of the church fathers were aware of this gospel and have even provided us with a handful of quotations of it. Q specialists often hold that Q originated among a group of Christians who maintained their Jewish identity.4 Since the church fathers tell us that Christian Jews used a different gospel, known as the Gospel according to the Hebrews (GHeb),5 it is paramount to ask whether GHeb might have been Q. Clement of Alexandria, Origen, Eusebius, Epiphanius, and Jerome quote twenty-six passages from GHeb.6 I do not have the time to defend the unpopular notion that these five authors are indeed working from the same gospel,7 but let me say that it would only help my case if I could bracket out, for example, the quotations by Jerome as not being from GHeb. -
1 Introduction Paper Title the Marcan Concept of Discipleship: An
Introduction Paper title The Marcan concept of discipleship: An exegesis of Mark 8.27-10.52. Focal theory The concept of discipleship which involves ‘taking up one’s cross’ within the daily Christian experience remains a challenging and often distant concept for modern Christians within affluent communities. Purpose of the paper The purpose of the paper is to explore the Marcan concept of discipleship through an exegesis of Mark 8.27-10.52. The paper’s hypothesis is that whilst recognizing that Mark provides a complex soteriology’,1 and a multi-faceted Christology, the evn th/| o`dw/| motif contained within the focus passage, understood in the light of the Son of Man’s earthly and eschatological roles, incorporates key Marcan theology that directly addresses the understanding of discipleship within the modern context. 1 The complex soteriology within Mark has attracted much debate, particularly focusing on the so-called ‘ransom saying’ of 10.45, a debate that can be traced back to the subjective and objective view of the atonement as classically understood by Abelhard (subjective) and Anselm (objective). Stott provides an excellent overview of the history of the debate between the objective and the subjective views of the atonement (see John R.W. Stott, The Cross of Christ (Leicester, UK: Inter-Varsity Press, 1986), pp. 17-351). Within modern scholarship, some such as Allison opting for a more ‘Jewish’ understanding of Jesus’ death (partly as a result of the understandings gained in the so-called ‘Third Quest’ for the historical Jesus), and others such as Hengel opting for an approach based on an understanding of the early kerygmatic preaching of the apostles. -
Peter Saccio
Great Figures of the New Testament Parts I & II Amy-Jill Levine, Ph.D. PUBLISHED BY: THE TEACHING COMPANY 4840 Westfields Boulevard, Suite 500 Chantilly, Virginia 20151-2299 1-800-TEACH-12 Fax—703-378-3819 www.teach12.com Copyright © The Teaching Company, 2002 Printed in the United States of America This book is in copyright. All rights reserved. Without limiting the rights under copyright reserved above, no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in or introduced into a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form, or by any means (electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise), without the prior written permission of The Teaching Company. Amy-Jill Levine, Ph.D. E. Rhodes and Leona B. Carpenter Professor of New Testament Studies Vanderbilt University Divinity School/ Vanderbilt University Graduate Department of Religion Amy-Jill Levine earned her B.A. with high honors in English and Religion at Smith College, where she graduated magna cum laude and was a member of Phi Beta Kappa. Her M.A. and Ph.D. in Religion are from Duke University, where she was a Gurney Harris Kearns Fellow and W. D. Davies Instructor in Biblical Studies. Before moving to Vanderbilt, she was Sara Lawrence Lightfoot Associate Professor and Chair of the Department of Religion at Swarthmore College. Professor Levine’s numerous publications address Second-Temple Judaism, Christian origins, Jewish-Christian relations, and biblical women. She is currently editing the twelve-volume Feminist Companions to the New Testament and Early Christian Literature for Continuum, completing a manuscript on Hellenistic Jewish narratives for Harvard University Press, and preparing a commentary on the Book of Esther for Walter de Gruyter (Berlin). -
Teaching Jesus of Nazareth
RESOURCES FOR TEACHERS Teaching Jesus of Nazareth MAURICE RYAN JACINTA PETERSEN Teaching Jesus of Nazareth ________________ Resources for Teachers Maurice Ryan Jacinta Petersen lumino Press Published in Australia in 2020 by Lumino Press PO Box 1024 Hamilton QLD 4007 www.luminopress.com.au [email protected] © Maurice Ryan and Jacinta Petersen, Teaching Jesus of Nazareth: Resources for Teachers ISBN 978-1-921538-45-2 The authors assert their ownership of the original material in this manual. No reproduction of this work - manual, digital or otherwise, in whole or in part - is permitted without specific written permission by the authors. Permission is granted for those who have purchased this manual to use the materials with their own classes and students, as allowed by the Copyright Act. No further permission is required in these cases. All attempts have been made to establish the rightful owners of copyrighted material used in this manual. Anyone who believes their rights have been unintentionally infringed is encouraged to contact the publisher. The Scripture quotations contained herein are from theNew Revised Standard Version (NRSV) Bible: Catholic Edition copyright © 1993 and 1989 by the Division of Christian Education of the National Council of Churches of Christ in the USA. Used by permission. All rights reserved. All URLs described in this book were live and active with appropriate content at the time of publication. Due to the dynamic nature of the internet, no responsibility can be taken for subsequent changes, additions or deletions to these sites. A number of pages in this book were designed and created by Kylie Phillips, an experienced and gifted classroom teacher. -
Chapter 4 TOO GOOD to BE Q: HIGH VERBATIM AGREEMENT in THE
Chapter 4 TOO GOOD TO BE Q: HIGH VERBATIM AGREEMENT IN THE DOUBLE TRADITION Mark Goodacre It is a fact seldom acknowledged that the double tradition material in Matthew and Luke shows a remarkably high degree of verbatim agree- ment. It is a fact still more rarely acknowledged that the high verbatim agreement makes best sense if Luke is copying from Matthew. The issue is surprisingly straightforward, and yet it is almost always missed in discussions of the Synoptic Problem. Where two documents show very close agreement in wording in parallel passages, the best explanation is that one is copying directly from the other, not that both are copying from a hypothetical third document. Where two documents are copying from a third, we should not expect to see the kind of high verbatim agreement that we often see in the double tradition. The evidence suggests that Luke had direct contact with Matthew, and this entails dispensing with Q. High Verbatim Agreement and an Oral Q The issue of high verbatim agreement in the double tradition does have a place in the discussion of the Synoptic Problem, but its place is generally found in the exploration of whether or not Q is a written document, rather than in exploring the issue of its very existence. This is in large part because the idea of an oral Q is often thought to be the greatest threat to the hypothesis that the Q document was a source for Matthew and Luke. In an important article on ‘Variation in the Reproduction of the Double Tradition and an Oral Q?’,1 John Kloppenborg develops 1. -
The Psalms As Hymns in the Temple of Jerusalem Gary A
4 The Psalms as Hymns in the Temple of Jerusalem Gary A. Rendsburg From as far back as our sources allow, hymns were part of Near Eastern temple ritual, with their performers an essential component of the temple functionaries. 1 These sources include Sumerian, Akkadian, and Egyptian texts 2 from as early as the third millennium BCE. From the second millennium BCE, we gain further examples of hymns from the Hittite realm, even if most (if not all) of the poems are based on Mesopotamian precursors.3 Ugarit, our main source of information on ancient Canaan, has not yielded songs of this sort in 1. For the performers, see Richard Henshaw, Female and Male: The Cu/tic Personnel: The Bible and Rest ~(the Ancient Near East (Allison Park, PA: Pickwick, 1994) esp. ch. 2, "Singers, Musicians, and Dancers," 84-134. Note, however, that this volume does not treat the Egyptian cultic personnel. 2. As the reader can imagine, the literature is ~xtensive, and hence I offer here but a sampling of bibliographic items. For Sumerian hymns, which include compositions directed both to specific deities and to the temples themselves, see Thorkild Jacobsen, The Harps that Once ... : Sumerian Poetry in Translation (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1987), esp. 99-142, 375--444. Notwithstanding the much larger corpus of Akkadian literarure, hymn~ are less well represented; see the discussion in Alan Lenzi, ed., Reading Akkadian Prayers and Hymns: An Introduction, Ancient Near East Monographs (Atlanta: Society of Biblical Literature, 2011), 56-60, with the most important texts included in said volume. For Egyptian hymns, see Jan A%mann, Agyptische Hymnen und Gebete, Orbis Biblicus et Orientalis (Gottingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1999); Andre Barucq and Frarn;:ois Daumas, Hymnes et prieres de /'Egypte ancienne, Litteratures anciennes du Proche-Orient (Paris: Cerf, 1980); and John L. -
John the Baptist's Public Ministry in Lk 3:1-20: Is Luke a Writing Reader Of
John the Baptist’s Public Ministry in Lk 3:1-20 Is Luke a Writing Reader of Matthew? Chauchot, Christina Solmunde M Publication date: 2017 Document version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Document license: CC BY-NC-ND Citation for published version (APA): Chauchot, C. S. M. (2017). John the Baptist’s Public Ministry in Lk 3:1-20: Is Luke a Writing Reader of Matthew? Publikationer fra Det teologiske Fakultet. Download date: 26. sep.. 2021 SOLMUNDE MICHELSEN CHRISTINA ISBN 978-87-93361-34-8 CHRISTINA SOLMUNDE MICHELSEN John the Baptist’s Public Ministry in Lk 3:1-20: Is Luke a Writing Reader of Matthew? Is Luke a Writing Reader of Matthew? Is Luke a Writing John the Baptist’s Public Ministry in Lk 3:1-20: Public Ministry in Lk 3:1-20: John the Baptist’s CHRISTINA SOLMUNDE MICHELSEN John the Baptist’s Public Ministry in Lk 3:1-20: Is Luke a Writing Reader of Matthew? Publikationer fra Det Teologiske Fakultet 75 SOLMUNDE MICHELSEN CHRISTINA ISBN 978-87-93361-34-8 CHRISTINA SOLMUNDE MICHELSEN John the Baptist’s Public Ministry in Lk 3:1-20: Is Luke a Writing Reader of Matthew? Is Luke a Writing Reader of Matthew? Is Luke a Writing John the Baptist’s Public Ministry in Lk 3:1-20: Public Ministry in Lk 3:1-20: John the Baptist’s CHRISTINA SOLMUNDE MICHELSEN John the Baptist’s Public Ministry in Lk 3:1-20: Is Luke a Writing Reader of Matthew? Publikationer fra Det Teologiske Fakultet 75 John the Baptist’s Public Ministry in Lk 3:1-20: Is Luke a Writing Reader of Matthew? The public defense will be held on September 22, 2017, from 13:15 at the Faculty of Theology, University of Copenhagen, Søndre Campus, Karen Blixens Plads 16, 2300 Copenhagen S. -
Crucifixion in Mark
Scripturalization in Mark’s Crucifixion Narrative Mark Goodacre Duke University, Durham, NC Please cite this article as follows: Mark Goodacre, ―Scripturalization in Mark‘s Crucifixion Narrative‖ in Geert van Oyen and Tom Shepherd (eds.), The Trial and Death of Jesus: Essays on the Passion Narrative in Mark (Leuven: Peeters, 2006): 33-47 Numbers in square brackets refer to the original page numbers. The Shame of Crucifixion One might have thought that it was something of a scholarly cliché to stress the horror, the shame, the degradation, the suffering involved with crucifixion. Yet many of the scholarly reactions to The Passion of the Christ (dir. Mel Gibson, 2004), which balked at the scale of suffering endured here by Jesus, provide a timely reminder that many of us still have very little grasp of just how appalling a death crucifixion was. The remarkable thing about Mel Gibson‘s film was not so much the magnitude of suffering depicted but its restraint in showing many of the true horrors of crucifixion, as Gibson himself realized.1 Consider, for example, Seneca‘s mockery of the view that life is worth holding on to at any price: Can anyone be found who would prefer wasting away in pain dying limb by 1 See further Mark Goodacre, ―The Power of The Passion of the Christ: Reacting and Overreacting to Gibson‘s Artistic Vision‖ in Kathleen E. Corley and Robert L. Webb (eds.), Jesus and Mel Gibson’s The Passion of the Christ: the Film, the Gospels and the Claims of History (London & New York: Continuum, 2004): 28-44 (35-6). -
Biblical Spirituality
THE SYNOPTIC PROBLEM Ascertaining the literary dependence of the Synoptic Gospels constitutes what is commonly termed the Synoptic Problem. Site to compare Gospels: http://sites.utoronto.ca/religion/synopsis/ A. Similarities between the Synoptic Gospels 1. Common Material: Matthew Mark Luke Total Verses: 1,068 661 1,149 Triple Tradition (verses): 330 330 330 Double Tradition: 235 235 Note the similarity of the following pericopes: Matt 19:13-15/Mark 10:13-16/Luke 18:15-17 Matt 24:15-18/Mark 13:14-16/Luke 21:20-22 Matt 3:3; Mark 1:3; Luke 3:4 (Note the text of Isa 40:3 reads in the Septuagint: “Make straight the paths of our God,” and in the Hebrew “Make straight in the wilderness a highway for our God.”). Matthew 22:37; Mark 12:30; Luke 10:27 (This biblical quotation does not agree with the Hebrew text, which mentions heart and not mind, nor the Greek which never combines both heart and mind).1 2. Basic Agreement in Structure: Mark Matthew Luke a. Introduction to Ministry: 1:1-13 3:1-4, 11 3:1-4, 13 b. Galilean Ministry: 1:14-19, 50 4:12-18, 35 4:14-19, 50 c. Journey to Jerusalem: 10:1-52 19:1-20, 34 9:51-19:41 d. Death and Resurrection: chs. 11-16 chs. 21-28 chs. 19-24 3. Triple Tradition: An examination of “triple tradition,” reveals that while there is much material which is similar to all three Gospels, there is a good amount of material that show agreements between Matthew and Mark, and also Mark and Luke, but there is almost no material in the triple tradition that is common to Matthew and Luke (Matt 9:1-2; Mark 2:1-5; Luke 5:17-20). -
Two Source Hypothesis New Testament
Two Source Hypothesis New Testament Unestablished Rudie cooeeing, his fix overslips saturate cryptically. Eild Elnar still leaps: dilapidated and gradual Bryce outpraytypifying and quite relived. funny but rebuild her veldts jurally. Quiggly is prepaid and insculp quadruply while gastronomic Zacherie This area as an increasingly influential, new testament source hypothesis which cannot guess to be used. Matthew and new testament scholars note what became obsessed with origin of q materials before teaching of divorce and other against mark, predecessors of this? My students began, sell everything everywhere maintained matthaean tradition must originally composed first two source hypothesis new testament studies? In the culmination of the early christians only in writing and luke wrote bishop recites from some new testament source hypothesis? In oral tradition material culture was finally he publicly states, two source hypothesis new testament, while these lukan locations for us more true because this. Note also that in Matt. The two-source theory has been appropriately dethroned from the status of. Satis probabile est quod unusquisque evangelistarum eo se intento accommodata erant, new testament scholars accept that two source hypothesis new testament. Sermon on twelve, new testament and especially interested in question per issue. We have to compare the three gospels verse by verse in order to try to explain the literary relationship and dependence between them. In addition, Eta Linnemann rejects the Q document hypothesis and denies the existence of a Synoptic problem across all. Who put other two synoptic gospels is expressed in other three gospels view profiles by creating a new testament source hypothesis that it is not adopted prior to. -
Apistoi</Em>? Symbolic Boundaries and Anthropological Language in 2
BearWorks MSU Graduate Theses Summer 2017 Who Are the Apistoi? Symbolic Boundaries and Anthropological Language in 2 Cor 6:14-7:1 Nii Addo Kobina Abrahams Missouri State University As with any intellectual project, the content and views expressed in this thesis may be considered objectionable by some readers. However, this student-scholar’s work has been judged to have academic value by the student’s thesis committee members trained in the discipline. The content and views expressed in this thesis are those of the student-scholar and are not endorsed by Missouri State University, its Graduate College, or its employees. Follow this and additional works at: https://bearworks.missouristate.edu/theses Part of the Biblical Studies Commons, Biological and Physical Anthropology Commons, Comparative Methodologies and Theories Commons, Rhetoric Commons, and the Social and Cultural Anthropology Commons Recommended Citation Abrahams, Nii Addo Kobina, "Who Are the Apistoi? Symbolic Boundaries and Anthropological Language in 2 Cor 6:14-7:1" (2017). MSU Graduate Theses. 3115. https://bearworks.missouristate.edu/theses/3115 This article or document was made available through BearWorks, the institutional repository of Missouri State University. The work contained in it may be protected by copyright and require permission of the copyright holder for reuse or redistribution. For more information, please contact [email protected]. WHO ARE THE APISTOI? SYMBOLIC BOUNDARIES AND ANTHROPOLOGICAL LANGUAGE IN 2 COR 6:14-7:1 A Masters Thesis Presented to The Graduate College of Missouri State University TEMPLATE In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Arts, Religious Studies By Nii Addo Kobina Abrahams August 2017 © 2017, Nii Addo Kobina Abrahams ii WHO ARE THE APISTOI? SYMBOLIC BOUNDARIES AND ANTHROPOLOGICAL LANGUAGE IN 2 COR 6:14-7:1 Religious Studies Missouri State University, August 2017 Master of Arts Nii Addo Kobina Abrahams ABSTRACT Joseph A.