Contributors
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Contributors Humayun Ansari OBE is professor of Islam and Cultural Diversity and Director of the Centre for Minority Studies at Royal Holloway, University of London. His research interests include the history of Muslims in the West, radical Islamic thought, ethnic diversity, iden- tity, and migration. His published works include, The Emergence of Socialist Thought Among North Indian Muslims , 1917–1947 ; “The Infidel Within,” Muslims in Britain Since 1800 ; and The Making of the East London Mosque, 1910–1951 . Mohammed Alsulami is lecturer at the Department of Languages and Literature of Islamic Nations, Umm al-Qura University (Saudi Arabia). He obtained his MA at the Department of Middle Eastern Studies, Leiden University. He defended his PhD thesis, Notions of the Other in Modern Iranian Thoughts , at Leiden Institute for Area Studies (LIAS), 2014. His research interests focus on Iranian nation- alism and national identity, modern history of Iran, and the Arab- Iranian relations. Nathalie Clayer is professor at the EHESS (Paris), a senior research fellow at the CNRS (Paris), and head of the CETOBAC department (Centre d’ é tudes turques, ottomanes, balkaniques et centrasiatiques, CNRS-EHESS-Coll è ge de France). Her main research interests are religion, nationalism, and state-building process in the Ottoman Empire and in Balkans, especially among the Albanians. Among her recent publications are Aux origines du nationalisme albanais. La naissance d’une nation majoritairement musulmane en Europe (2007); Islam in Inter-War Europe (2008) coedited with Eric Germain; and Les musulmans de l’Europe du Sud-Est with Xavier Bougarel (2013). Richard van Leeuwen is currently lecturer in Islamic Studies at the Department of Religious Studies of the University of Amsterdam. His research focuses on the history of the Middle East, Arabic litera- ture, and Islam in the modern world. His academic positions include a PhD position (University of Amsterdam, 1986–1991), a postdoc 234 CONTRIBUTORS grant by the Royal Dutch Academy of Arts and Sciences (1992–1996), and a senior research grant by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (1997–2001). He also works as a translator of Arabic literature. Among his publications are The Thousand and One Nights; Space, Travel and Transformation (2007) and Waqfs and Urban Structures: The Case of Ottoman Damascus (1999) David Motadel is research fellow at Gonville and Caius College, University of Cambridge. He studied history at the University of Freiburg and completed his MPhil and PhD in history at the University of Cambridge, where he was a Gates scholar. He has held research positions at Harvard, Yale, and Oxford. G ö tz Nordbruch is researcher at the The Georg Eckert Institute for International Textbook Research in Brunswick. He completed his PhD in Islamic Studies at Humboldt Universit—Berlin (2007) with a thesis examining Encounters with National Socialism in Syria and Lebanon, 1933–1945 . From 2008 to 2009 he was a postdoctoral researcher at the “Institut de recherches et d’ é tudes sur le monde arabe et musulman” in Aix-en-Provence. From 2009 to 2012 he was assis- tant professor at the Centre for Contemporary Middle East Studies of the University of Southern Denmark in Odense. His research focuses on European–Middle Eastern intellectual encounters in the early twentieth century. Umar Ryad is associate professor of Islamic Studies, University of Utrecht. In 2008–2014, he has been working as assistant professor of Islamic Studies at Leiden University. He studied at al-Azhar University in Cairo (BA Islamic Studies in English, 1998) and obtained his MA degree in Islamic Studies (cum laude) from Leiden University (2001), where he also received his PhD degree with the thesis Islamic Reformism and Christianity: A Critical Study of the Works of Muhammad Rashid Rida and His Associates (1898–1935) (2009). His current research focuses on the dynamics of the networks of Islamic reformist and pan- Islamist movements, Muslim polemics on Christianity, the history of Christian missions in the modern Muslim World, and transnational Islam in interwar Europe. He has recently received an ERC Starting Grant (2014–2019) for the study of Muslim Networks in Interwar Europe and European Trans-cultural History. Ali Al Tuma is a PhD candidate at Leiden University Institute for History. For his thesis he is researching the participation of the Moroccan troops in the Spanish Civil War, particularly the relation between race, culture, and war. He has published a number of articles CONTRIBUTORS 235 on this topic in English, Arabic, and Dutch. Among his publications are “The Participation of Moorish Troops in the Spanish Civil War (1936–1939): Military Value, Motivations, and Religious Aspects,” War & Society 30.2 (2011): 91–107 and “Tangier, Spanish Morocco and Spain’s Civil War in Dutch Diplomatic Documents,” The Journal of North African Studies 17.3 (2012): 433–453. Index ’Abd al-’Aziz (Moroccan ruler), 71 Akseki, Ahmet Hamdi, 54, 57, ’Abd al-Hafiz (Morrocan ruler), 71 62, 64 ’Alawi, Muhammad Ibn al-Arabi al-, Al Janud-a-Rabbania (Army of 110 God), 193 ’Abduh, Muhammad, 54, 70, 73 Al-Aqsa Mosque, 21 Abdul Karim, Munshi, 185 al-Azhar, 49, 51, 53, 234 Abdul Majid, Maulvi, 25 Al-Fath, 110, 114, 117, 119, 133, Abdul Rab, 195 136, 143–51 Abu Hanifa, 83 Al-Fatiha (Quran), 119 Acharya, 198 Al-Islam: Journal d’Information et Achcar, Joseph, 98 d’Éducation, 26–7 Action Française, 18 Al-Jamahir fi al-Jawahir, 113, 143 adhan, 134 Al-Jihad, 27 Afghani, Jamal al-Din, al- 54, 164, Al-Manar, 70, 110, 112, 146, 147, 182, 183, 203–4 151, 201, 208 Afghanistan, 22, 28, 80, 110, 158, Al-Mujahid (journal), 198 168, 185, 188, 191, 192, 193, Al-Ra’id al-Tunisi, 73 194, 196, 207, 209 Alasonja, 63 Ameer of Afghanistan, 185 Alavi, Bozorg, 162 Africa, 16, 17, 21, 25, 28, 31, 32, Albani, Nasiruddin, al-, 64 33, 39, 40, 124, 187, 190, Albania, 8, 22, 34, 45–66 192, 199 Algeria, 30, 43, 67, 80, 110 Army of Africa (Spanish Civil Algeria (French radio), 132 War), 212 Algerian, 17, 25, 32, 41 East Africa, 123 Ali, Mawlana Muhammad, 50, 52, North Africa, 6, 8, 16, 17, 21, 25, 55, 57, 63 30, 42, 67, 74, 124, 129, 131, Ali, Muhammad (Mohamed), 27, 132, 137–8, 141, 150 197 West Africa, 28 Alliance Musulmane Internationale Aga Khan, 22 (Paris), 6 Ahmad, Mirza Ghulam, 50, 162 Allied Troops (World War Two), 213 Ahmad, Rafiuddin, 185 Allies, 22, 108, 117, 129, 137, 164 Ahmadiyya, 17, 18, 19, 20, 24, 25, Amanullah, 193, 195, 196 27, 33, 49, 50–2, 55, 62–4 America(s), 52, 56, 58, 59, 62 Anjuman Isha‘at al-Islam, 35, 37, Amir Khan, Isma’il, 161 50–2, 62 Anatolia, 48, 64, 195 238 INDEX Ancient Iran, 166, 169–72 Bahamonde, Antonio, 213, 228n9 Andalusia, 212–14, 228 Baitar, Muhammad Bahjat al-, 112 Angora, 22 Baluchi, 170 Anjuman-i Islam, 186 Bande Mataram, 187, 202 Ankara, 54, 63, 198, 199 Barkatullah, 10, 181–204 Ansari, M. A., 201 Basra, 191 anti-imperialism, 183, 191, 198, bay’a, 71 203 Bayram V, Muhammad, 73 anti-Semitism, 107, 128 Bega, Sadik, 53 Arab Club, 25 Beigbeder y Atienza, Juan Luis, 224 Arab exiles, 129 Beirut, 95, 97, 98 Arab Near East, 110 Belgium, 28 Arab provinces (Ottoman Belorta, 56 Empire), 48 Benghabrit, Si Kaddour, 18, 24 Arabic, 79, 82 Bepin Chandra Pal, 187 Arabic literature, 115, 116 Berat, 47 Aramaic, 125 Berber Dhahir, 129, 133 Armenian, 170 Berbers, 133 Arslan, Sharkib, 5, 22, 26, 108, Berlin, 13, 14, 17–19, 21, 22, 24, 111, 113, 129, 201–3 26, 27, 50, 51, 57, 61, 157–68, Aryan, 123, 124, 169–71, 176 171–2, 182, 192, 199, 200, Honorary Aryan, 147 201, 202, 203 non-Aryan, 123, 131 Berlin Committee, 195, 197 Ashrafzadeh, Mirza Mahmud, 162 Bhagwan Singh, 190 Asia, 14, 16 Bhopal, 183 Association des oulémas musulmans Bible, 118, 119, 124 en Algérie (Paris), 6, 24 Bibliothèque Nationale, 79 Association of Muslim Youth Bihbahani, Seyed Abdullah, 160 (Egypt), 59, 64 Bilisht, 55, 63 atheism, 52, 54, 126 Bilqis, 81 Atiyya, Aziz Suryal, 114 Biruni, Abu al-Rayhan Muhammad Australia, 28, 56, 58, 59 Ibn Ahmad al-, 113–14, 115, Austria, 163 118 Austro-Hungaria, 45, 47 Björkman, Walther, 136 authoritarian, 132 Bolshevik Revolution, 4 autocratic, 135 Bolshevism and the Islamic Body Avesta, 166 Politick, 194 Axis, 22 Bolshevism (Bolshevik, anti- Azadi Sharq, 27 Bolshevism), 4, 49, 60, 134, Azerbaijan, 164 135, 136, 149, 155, 184, 193, 194, 196, 198, 201, 203, 207 Babylon, 78 Bonn, 109–41 Baghdad, 140, 161 Bordeaux, 80, 81 Baghdadi, Muhammad Ibn Bosnia-Herzegovina, 45, 47, 56, 64 al-’Ammar al-, 115 Bou Inania Madrasa, 21 Bagneux, 22 Bremen, 202 INDEX 239 Britain (British), 6–7, 14, 16–17, Chamberlain, Neville, 132 19–20, 22, 24, 28–9, 32–43, Chattopadhyaya, Virendranath, 50, 61, 108, 119, 123, 125, 159 132, 136–9, 158–60, 163, Chicago, 14, 58, 202 165, 172–233 Chicherin, 195, 198, 199, 203 British Columbia, 188 China, 14, 28 British Consulate in Morocco, 138 Chinatown, 14 British Empire, 192 Chinese, 115 British India, 25, 26, 27, 28 Christianity (Christians), 4, 10, 14, British Indian Army, 188 18, 19, 22, 29, 46, 50, 54, 61, British Muslim Society, 24 76, 83, 85, 97, 108, 115, 117, British surveillance, 189 124, 125, 182, 185, 188, 191, Brockelmann, Carl, 114, 118, 124, 219, 220, 226, 229, 234 140 Christiansen, Arthur, 163 Browne, Edward G., 160, 163, 167 Christmas, 125, 126 Budapest, 162 Chroniques Brèves: Informations Buddhism, 14 Mensuelles de la Revue en Bulej/Buliqi, Junuz, 50 Terre d’Islam, 27 Bulgaria, 44 Church, 123–6, 130, 146, 219 Bundesarchiv, 136 Confessional Church, 125 Bushati, Hamdi, 52 Churchill Churchill College (Cambridge), Cairo, 49, 51, 52–3,