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The Making of African American Identity, Vol. I: 1500-1865

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The Making of African American Identity, Vol. I: 1500-1865 National Humanities Center Resource Toolbox The Making of African American Identity, Vol. I: 1500-1865 The Making of African American Identity, Vol. I: 1500-1865 Texts in chronological order by publication/creation date. Publ. Author/Title/Selections Toolbox Online Date Section Source 1734 Ayuba Suleiman Diallo (Job ben Solomon) & Thomas Bluett, Some National Memoirs of the Life of Job, the Son of Solomon Humanities Center –On his homeland of Bondu in present-day Senegal FREEDOM 1 –On his capture and enslavement in west Africa FREEDOM 6 1734 William Snelgrave, English slave trader, A New Account of Some Parts of FREEDOM 6 Gilder Lehrmann Guinea, and the Slave Trade, selection on three slave mutinies on Center for the Study of Slavery, transatlantic slave ships Resistance, and Abolition, Yale University 1745 Virginia Gazette & Maryland Gazette, advertisements for runaway slaves, ENSLAVEMENT 8 National -1775 selection Humanities Center 1773 Phillis Wheatley, enslaved black woman in Boston, “To the Right IDENTITY 6 University of Honourable William, Earl of Dartmouth,” poem Virginia Library Electronic Text Center 1781 Cato, a newly freed slave, letter opposing a Pennsylvania law ordering re- IDENTITY 2 History Matters enslavement, Freeman’s Journal (Philadelphia), 21 Sept. 1781 (George Mason University & City University of New York) 1787 Richard Allen, Absalom Jones, et al., Philadelphia, preamble to the COMMUNITY 5 Africans in founding document of the Free African Society America (PBS/WGBH) 1787 On emigration to and colonization in Africa: statements by Henry Bibb, IDENTITY 10 National -1864 Edward Wilmot Blyden, Abraham Camp, Daniel Coker, “Colored Humanities Citizens of Boston,” Martin Cross, Paul Cuffe, Martin Robinson Center Delany, Hezekiah Ford Douglass, Editor: The Colored American (Charles Ray), Editor: Pacific Appeal (Philip H. Bell), Editor: Palladium of Liberty (David Jenkins), Editor: The Weekly Anglo-African (Thomas Hamilton), James Forten, Martin H. Freeman, Newport Gardner (Occramar Marycoo), Henry Highland Garnet, Thomas L. Jennings, Peter Osborne, Nathaniel Paul, Peyton Skipwith, Maria Stewart, Anthony Taylor, David Walker, and Peter Williams 1788 Prince Hall et al., Boston, petition to the Massachusetts General Court to COMMUNITY 4 Massachusetts end slavery Historical Society 1788 “The blacks of New Haven City,” Connecticut, petition to the governor and COMMUNITY 4 Hartford Web general assembly for liberation Publishing 1789 Olaudah Equiano, The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah National Equiano, or Gustavus Vassa Humanities Center –On his Ibo homeland in present-day Nigeria FREEDOM 5 –On his capture and enslavement in west Africa FREEDOM 6 1789 On capture and enslavement in west Africa: selections from FREEDOM 6 National -1938 –18th- & 19th-c. narratives of Olaudah Equiano, Boyrereau Brinch, and Humanities Ayuba Suleiman Diallo Center –20th-c. WPA narratives of Charley Barber, John Brown, Richard Carruthers, Luke Dixon, Della Fountain, Thomas Johns, Richard Jones, Toby Jones, Martha King, Silvia King, Shack Thomas, and a woman identified only as Adeline 1791 Thomas Cole et al., “Free-Men of Colour,” Charleston, petition to the COMMUNITY 4 Africans in South Carolina legislature for civil rights America (PBS/WGBH) ca. 1792 Benjamin Banneker, free black in Maryland, “A Cooper and a Vintner,” IDENTITY 6 Poets’ Corner mathematical puzzle poem 1797 Jacob Nicholson et al., four fugitive slaves from North Carolina in COMMUNITY 4 National Philadelphia, petition for relief from the North Carolina fugitive slave act Humanities (first extant petition from African Americans to Congress), and the House Center debate to consider the petition; selections 1798 Boston King, “Memoirs of the Life of Boston King, A Black Preacher,” IDENTITY 7 History Matters The Methodist Magazine, March/April 1798; selections on his service in the British army during the Revolutionary War 1798 Venture Smith (Broteer Furro), A Narrative of the Life and Adventures of National Venture, A Native of Africa Humanities Center; FREEDOM 3 –On his homeland of Dukandarra in or near present-day Ghana History Matters –On buying his freedom and his family’s freedom in America EMANCIPATION 1 1798 On buying one’s freedom: selections from the 18th- and 19th-c. narratives EMANCIPATION 1 National -1861 of Moses Grandy, Harriet Jacobs, Elizabeth Keckley, John Berry Humanities Meachum, Venture Smith, and William Troy Center 1803 Joshua Johnson, free African American portrait artist: four portraits of the IDENTITY 5 Maryland -ca. 1810 Baltimore white elite, one portrait of an African American man Historical Society; Bowdoin College Museum of Art 1809 William Hamilton, cofounder, New York African Society for Mutual COMMUNITY 5 National Relief, address, New York City, selections Humanities Center 1810 Boyrereau Brinch (Jeffrey Brace) & Benjamin F. Prentiss, The Blind National African Slave, Or Memoirs of Boyrereau Brinch Humanities Center –On his homeland of Bow-Woo in present-day Mali FREEDOM 2 –On his capture and enslavement in west Africa FREEDOM 6 –On his service in the U.S. infantry during the American Revolution IDENTITY 7 1813 On the campaign for citizenship rights by African Americans: selections by IDENTITY 9 National -1865 William Wells Brown, Mary Ann Shadd Cary, “Colored Men of North Humanities Carolina,” Samuel H. Davis, Frederick Douglass & the 1853 Colored Center National Convention, James Forten, Abner H. Francis, Henry Highland Garnet, William Grose & Thomas Hedgepeth (Canada), National Convention of Colored Men (1864), Ohio Convention of Colored Citizens (1849), David Purvis et al. (Appeal of Forty Thousand), Charles Ray, Charles Lenox Remond, Thomas Van Renselaer, David Walker, and letters to & articles in African American newspapers 1825 On the master-slave relationship: selections from the 19th-c. narratives of ENSLAVEMENT 6 National -1861 William J. Anderson, Henry Bibb, William Wells Brown, James Curry, Humanities Frederick Douglass, Moses Grandy, William Grimes, Harriet Jacobs, Center Solomon Northup, Austin Steward, and an unnamed runaway slave 1828 George Moses Horton, enslaved black poet in North Carolina, “Slavery,” EMANCIPATION 2 National poem Humanities Center 1828 “Prince Abduhl Rahahman,” newspaper series on Abdul Rahman Ibrahima FREEDOM 1 National of Futa Jalon in present-day Guinea; by Cyrus Griffin, editor, Southern Humanities Galaxy, Natchez, Mississippi, May 29, June 5 & 12, July 5, 1828 Center 1827 Anthony Chase, runaway slave, letter to Jeremiah Hoffman, explaining his ENSLAVEMENT 8 National National Humanities Center 2 decision to run away, 8 August 1827 Humanities Center 1829 George Moses Horton, two poems on slavery: “The Slave’s Complaint,” “A IDENTITY 6 National & 1865 Slave’s Reflections the Eve Before His Sale” Humanities Center 1831 Omar ibn Said, enslaved Muslim in South Carolina, Autobiography (full COMMUNITY 3 National text) Humanities Center 1831 African American mutual aid societies in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, “To COMMUNITY 5 National the Public,” National Gazette and Literary Register, 1 March 1831 Humanities Center 1833 Phoenix Society of New York City, Goals, The Liberator, 29 June 1833 COMMUNITY 5 National Humanities Center 1834 Peyton Skipwith, emancipated African American in Liberia, letters to his EMANCIPATION 4 National -1846 former slaveholder, John Cocke, in Virginia, selections Humanities Center 1834 David Drake, enslaved potter in South Carolina, ten ceramic pieces; all IDENTITY 5 McKissick -1862 verses on the ceramic jars Museum, University of South Carolina; National Humanities Center 1834 Letters from emancipated African Americans in Liberia EMANCIPATION 4 University of -1866 –Samson Ceasar, letters to his former slaveholder, Henry F. Westfall, and Virginia Electronic Text to David S. Haselden, Virginia, 1835-1836 Center –William Douglass and other former slaves of James H. Terrell, letters to Terrell’s nephew and others, 1857-1866 1835 Profile of James Forten, free black businessman (sailmaker), IDENTITY 4 National Massachusetts, The Anti-Slavery Record, December 1835 Humanities Center 1837 The Colored American, African American newspaper, New York; Charles COMMUNITY 6 National -1838 Ray, editor; selections from one year (March to March) Humanities Center 1837 On suicide among slaves, selections from EMANCIPATION 2 National -1938 –19th-c. narratives of William Wells Brown, Lewis Charlton, Lewis Humanities Hayden, Solomon Northup, and Austin Steward Center –articles in the Rutherford [NC] Gazette and The Mystery –Letter to the American Slaves, Cazenovia [New York] Fugitive Slave Law Convention, 1850 –20th-c. WPA narratives of Fannie Berry, T. W. Cotton, Ida Blackshear Hutchinson, Martin Jackson, Annie Tate, William Henry Towns, and an unnamed person formerly enslaved in Georgia 1838 Hannah Valentine and Lethe Jackson, enslaved house servants, letters to ENSLAVEMENT 5 Scriptorium, Duke Mary Campbell, wife of the owner of Montcalm plantation, Abingdon, University Library Virginia 1838 William Johnson, journal selections on his life as a free black businessman IDENTITY 4 National -1844 (barber, investor) in Mississippi Humanities Center 1840 James Curry, “Narrative of James Curry, A Fugitive Slave,” The Liberator, National 10 January 1840 Humanities Center –On the master-slave relationship ENSLAVEMENT 6 –On being enslaved IDENTITY 1 –On the pursuit of learning and education IDENTITY 8 1840 On being enslaved: selections from the 19th-century narratives of James IDENTITY 1 National National
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