CHAPTER 4 COMPETITIVE ANALYSIS for STRUCTUAL ATTRACTIVENESS Concept of Competition
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By Roshan pant MBM 2nd semester Nepal Commerce Campus CHAPTER 4 COMPETITIVE ANALYSIS FOR STRUCTUAL ATTRACTIVENESS Concept of Competition: This is the age of competition. Marketers must carefully identify and analyze their competitors. Competition can be in terms of brand, product-class, generic and geographic. Competition is a threat to the firm. A competitor is a firm in the market selling a product which is perceived as substitutable by buyers. Competitor analysis describes the competitors, evaluates the competitors, and anticipates the future actions of competitors. Sources of competition can be: 1. Lack of entry barriers: There are no entry barriers. This allows many firms to enter the market and deal in products which are substitutable. 2. New technologies: Research and development makes new production processes and technologies possible. They lead to product innovations. New products compete with old products. 3. Information technology: This has facilitated direct marketing through e-commerce. Internet and websites have increased competition. 4. Customer needs and preferences: Changing customer needs and preferences facilitate competition. 5. Environment forces: Changing environmental forces encourage competition. They can be political, legal, economic, and socio-cultural forces. Importance of Competitor analysis in marketing: • Avoid surprises. It helps to identify opportunities of competitive advantage and avoid threats. Surprises are avoided. Better planning can be done. • Gain competitive advantage. Competitive advantage can be gained over rivals by gaining knowledge of their strengths and weaknesses. Superior value can be provided to customers. Competition is the rivalry between companies selling similar products and services with the goal of achieving revenue, profit, and market-share growth. Companies strive to increase sales volume by utilizing the 4 components of the marketing mix, also referred to as the 4P's: product, place, promotion, and place. Some of the early steps in designing a successful marketing strategy include knowing and understanding your competition. Consequently, if you are not current on who the competition is, it becomes likely that another firm can provide a competitive advantage, such as product offerings at lower prices or value added benefits. Identifying your competition and staying current with their products and services and critical to remain competitive in tShe market. Types of Competitors Direct Competitors A direct competitor is another company that offers the same products and services aimed at the same target market and customer base, with the same goal of profit and market-share growth. A direct competitor is what typically comes to mind when you refer to the term 'competition,' and usually the type that draws the most focus from company's when designing strategies. Customers will shop for a variety of price points, locations, service levels, and product features when determining their purchase. In comparison, though, customers will not similarly choose the same mix of these options - and this is where competition becomes a factor. Recognizing where your competition is positioned is a key factor in understanding the potential your business solutions can fulfill. Indirect Competitors Indirect competitor is another company that offers the same products and services, much like direct competitors; however, the same end goals are different. These competitors are seeking to grow revenue with a different strategy. Nearly every company is involved with some form of indirect competition. General contractors face indirect competition from do-it-yourself promoters, such as The Home Depot. Both of these strategies are aimed at satisfying the customer's needs and desires utilizing a different marketing mix. By outlining all the potential ways the customer's needs can be met and using the marketing mix to handle the competition you can generate an advantage for your products and services. Replacement Competitors “A replacement competitor is something someone could do instead of choose your product,” “But they’re using the same resources they could have committed to your product.” These are the most challenging competitors to identify. However, we must remember that our customers define our competition. After all, the competition is simply the other choices they may choose to make. So we must interview customers, listen to their social media conversations, and understand macro trends to gain an understanding of what choices they are really making. Spacely Games Example: The Magic Tree House series of children’s books is a replacement competitor for Spacely Games. Essentially, if children have a free hour in their day, they can either decide to download a game or to read a book. Of course, I’m being a little idealistic assuming the average 8-year-old in 2012 is really considering reading a book instead of playing a mobile game, but that’s my end point. You have to be a bit of an anthropologist and really study your customers to determine what they consider as replacement competition for your products and services. So does an 8-year-old consider a book as competition for a mobile game? I’m guessing no. However, does a major influencer on that purchase decision (in this case, the parent) consider a book to be a replacement competitor? Well, this parent certainly does. What Creates Competitive advantage? Targeting Consumers Another way to use marketing to develop a competitive advantage is to target consumers more effectively than your competitors. For example, imagine there are two businesses with similar products and marketing budgets, each competing for same pool of customers. If one business performs customer research to determine which demographics are most likely to use its product, that business knows to target its marketing campaign at those specific customers. Meanwhile, the other business wastes advertising dollars targeting customers it has little hope of attaining. Consequently, a business that incorporates marketing research into its campaign secures a competitive advantage, even if its product in itself provides no distinct advantage. Pricing You also can establish a competitive advantage by marketing the fact that your products are available at lower prices than your competitors offer. This is a strategy often used by retail stores and other businesses that provide largely identical products or services. If it's possible to keep your prices low permanently, you can gain enough advantage to drive your competitors out of business. A modified approach is to lower your prices periodically -- for example, by announcing one-day sales. Other options are to announce that you will honor competitors' coupons or guarantee the lowest price on certain products. Both techniques help neutralize the marketing campaigns of your competitors and prevent customers from drifting toward other businesses. Unique and Qualitative products: The goal of your marketing strategy should be to establish a competitive advantage, meaning your business draws more customers from the same pool than other businesses in your sector. A competitive advantage can derive from a unique product or service. For example, if your business produces high-quality products that competitors cannot imitate, you enjoy a competitive advantage. Or if your business has access to proprietary methods or materials -- such as patented processes or inventions -- competitors might find it difficult to find marketing strategies that can overwhelm your distinct advantage. Superior Marketing Campaigns Superior marketing campaigns also can create competitive advantages. For example, if a business can convince consumers that its product offers significant advantages compared to others -- even if it doesn't -- that business will draw more customers and retain them longer. In industries where differences between products aren't overwhelming, competitive marketing techniques are the major way businesses create and maintain competitive advantages. For instance, many soda manufacturers can produce sweet beverages, yet just a few manufacturers manage to retain their front-runner status, largely by highlighting their products’ appeal through expensive marketing campaigns. KEY COMPETITOR ANALYSIS Competitor analysis in marketing and is an assessment of the strengths and weaknesses of current and potential competitors. This analysis provides both an offensive and defensive strategic context to identify opportunities and threats. Profiling coalesces all of the relevant sources of competitor analysis into one framework in the support of efficient and effective strategy formulation, implementation, monitoring and adjustment. Competitor analysis is an essential component of corporate strategy. It is argued that most firms do not conduct this type of analysis systematically enough. Instead, many enterprises operate on what is called “informal impressions, conjectures, and intuition gained through the tidbits of information about competitors every manager continually receives.” As a result, traditional environmental scanning places many firms at risk of dangerous competitive blindspots due to a lack of robust competitor analysis In formulating business strategy, managers must consider the strategies of the firm's competitors. While in highly fragmented commodity industries the moves of any single competitor may be less important, in concentrated industries competitor analysis becomes a vital part of strategic planning. Competitor analysis has two primary