S6342 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE October 31, 2019 Whereas private, public, and Tribal bison entrepreneurs to the small business commu- as a result of the Immigration Act of 1990 leaders are working together to continue nity; (Public Law 101–649; 104 Stat. 4978), which bison restoration throughout North Amer- (4) supports and encourages young women was signed into law by President George ica; entrepreneurs to pursue their passions and H.W. Bush on November 29, 1990; Whereas there is a growing effort to cele- create more start-up businesses; Whereas, on February 17, 2009, President brate and officially recognize the historical, (5) recognizes the importance of creating Barack Obama signed into law the American cultural, and economic significance of the policies that promote a business-friendly en- Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Pub- North American bison to the heritage of the vironment for small business owners that is lic Law 111–5; 123 Stat. 115), which estab- United States; and free of unnecessary and burdensome regula- lished the Filipino Veterans Equity Com- Whereas members of Indian Tribes, bison tions and red tape; and pensation Fund to compensate Filipino producers, conservationists, sportsmen, edu- (6) supports efforts to— World War II veterans for their service to the cators, and other public and private partners (A) encourage consumers to shop locally; United States; have celebrated the annual National Bison and Whereas, since June 8, 2016, the Filipino Day since 2012 and are committed to con- (B) increase awareness of the value of lo- World War II Veterans Parole Program has tinuing this tradition annually on the first cally-owned small businesses and the impact allowed Filipino World War II veterans and Saturday of November: Now, therefore, be it of women-owned small businesses on the certain family members to be reunited more Resolved, That the Senate— economy of the United States. expeditiously than the immigrant visa proc- (1) designates November 2, 2019, the first f ess allowed at that time, but, on August 2, Saturday of November, as ‘‘National Bison 2019, the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Day’’; and SENATE RESOLUTION 401—RECOG- Services announced its intention to termi- (2) encourages the people of the United NIZING THE MONTH OF OCTOBER nate the program; States to observe the day with appropriate 2019 AS FILIPINO AMERICAN HIS- Whereas, on December 14, 2016, President ceremonies and activities. TORY MONTH AND CELEBRATING Barack Obama signed into law the Filipino f THE HISTORY AND CULTURE OF Veterans of World War II Congressional Gold Medal Act of 2015 (Public Law 114–265; 130 SENATE RESOLUTION 400—RECOG- FILIPINO AMERICANS AND THEIR IMMENSE CONTRIBUTIONS TO Stat. 1376) to award Filipino veterans who NIZING OCTOBER 2019 AS ‘‘NA- fought alongside troops of the United States TIONAL WOMEN’S SMALL BUSI- THE UNITED STATES in World War II the highest civilian honor NESS MONTH’’ Ms. HIRONO (for herself, Ms. MUR- bestowed by Congress; Whereas, on October 25, 2017, the Congres- Mr. RUBIO (for himself, Mr. CARDIN, KOWSKI, Mr. BOOKER, Ms. CANTWELL, sional Gold Medal was presented to Filipino Mr. BRAUN, Ms. CANTWELL, Mr. GRASS- Mr. CARDIN, Ms. CORTEZ MASTO, Ms. World War II veterans in Emancipation Hall LEY, Mr. COONS, Mr. RISCH, Ms. HIRONO, DUCKWORTH, Mr. DURBIN, Ms. HARRIS, Mrs. FEINSTEIN, Mr. KAINE, Ms. KLO- in the Capitol Building, a recognition for Mr. KENNEDY, Ms. DUCKWORTH, Mrs. which the veterans had waited for more than BUCHAR, Mr. MENENDEZ, Mrs. MURRAY, CAPITO, Ms. ROSEN, Mr. SCOTT of Flor- 70 years; ida, Mrs. FEINSTEIN, Mr. GARDNER, Mr. Ms. ROSEN, Mr. SCHATZ, Mr. VAN HOL- Whereas Filipino Americans have received WYDEN, Mr. CRAPO, Ms. KLOBUCHAR, LEN, Ms. WARREN, and Mr. SANDERS) the Congressional Medal of Honor, the high- Mr. BARRASSO, Mr. KING, Ms. COLLINS, submitted the following resolution; est award for valor in action against an Ms. HASSAN, Mrs. BLACKBURN, Ms. which was considered and agreed to: enemy force that may be bestowed on an in- SINEMA, Mrs. FISCHER, Mr. CRAMER, Mr. S. RES. 401 dividual serving in the Armed Forces, and continue to demonstrate a commendable SCOTT of South Carolina, Mr. YOUNG, Whereas the earliest documented Filipino sense of patriotism and honor in the Armed Ms. ERNST, Mr. PERDUE, Mr. ROBERTS, presence in the continental United States Forces; Mr. DAINES, Mr. WICKER, Mr. ROMNEY, was October 18, 1587, when the first ‘‘Luzones Indios’’ arrived in Morro Bay, California, on Whereas the late Thelma Garcia Mr. ENZI, Mr. INHOFE, Mr. ALEXANDER, board the Nuestra Sen˜ ora de Esperanza, a Buchholdt, born in Claveria, Cagayan, on the Mr. HAWLEY, Mr. LANKFORD, Mrs. Manila-built galleon ship; island of Luzon in the Philippines— HYDE-SMITH, Mr. BOOKER, Mr. PETERS, Whereas the Filipino American National (1) moved with her family to Alaska in Mr. HOEVEN, and Ms. MCSALLY) sub- Historical Society recognizes 1763 as the year 1965; mitted the following resolution; which in which the first permanent Filipino settle- (2) was elected to the House of Representa- was considered and agreed to: ment in the United States was established in tives of Alaska in 1974; S. RES. 400 St. Malo, Louisiana; (3) was the first Filipino woman elected to a State legislature; and Whereas the National Women’s Business Whereas the recognition of the first perma- (4) authored a comprehensive history book Council has declared October 2019 ‘‘National nent Filipino settlement in the United entitled ‘‘Filipinos in Alaska: 1788–1958’’; Women’s Small Business Month’’; States adds a new perspective to the history Whereas Filipino American farmworkers Whereas there are more than 12,900,000 of the United States by bringing attention to and labor leaders, such as Philip Vera Cruz women-owned small businesses in the United the economic, cultural, social, and other no- and Larry Itliong, played an integral role in States; table contributions made by Filipino Ameri- the multiethnic United Farm Workers move- Whereas women-owned small businesses cans to the development of the United ment, alongside Cesar Cha´ vez, Dolores generate $1,900,000,000,000 in total receipts, States; Huerta, and other Latino workers; which is a 21 percent increase since 2014; Whereas the Filipino American community Whereas Filipino Americans play an inte- Whereas the growth rate for women-owned is the third largest Asian American and Pa- gral role in the healthcare system of the employer firms is more than double the cific Islander group in the United States, United States as nurses, doctors, and other growth rate of all other small businesses; with a population of approximately 4,000,000; medical professionals; Whereas, in comparison to 2014, there are Whereas, from the Civil War to the Iraq Whereas Filipino Americans have contrib- nearly 2,250,000 additional women-owned em- and Afghanistan conflicts, Filipinos and Fili- uted greatly to music, dance, literature, edu- ployer firms and nearly 700,000 additional pino Americans have a longstanding history cation, business, journalism, sports, fashion, jobs; of serving in the Armed Forces of the United politics, government, science, technology, Whereas Congress continues to support the States; the fine arts, and other fields that enrich the National Women’s Business Council and its Whereas more than 250,000 Filipinos fought United States; focus on alleviating obstacles women face as under the United States flag during World Whereas, as mandated in the mission state- business owners and entrepreneurs; War II to protect and defend the United ment of the Filipino American National His- Whereas the celebration of ‘‘National States in the Pacific theater; torical Society, efforts should continue to Women’s Small Business Month’’ would— Whereas a guarantee to pay back the serv- (1) honor women small business owners and ice of Filipinos through veterans benefits promote the study of Filipino American his- women entrepreneurs; and was reversed by the First Supplemental Sur- tory and culture because the roles of Filipino (2) recognize the significance of the con- plus Appropriation Rescission Act, 1946 (Pub- Americans and other people of color have tributions of women to the small business lic Law 79–301; 60 Stat. 6) and the Second largely been overlooked in the writing, community: Now, therefore, be it Supplemental Surplus Appropriation Rescis- teaching, and learning of the history of the Resolved, That the Senate— sion Act, 1946 (Public Law 79–391; 60 Stat. United States; (1) recognizes October 2019 as ‘‘National 221), which provided that the wartime service Whereas it is imperative for Filipino Women’s Small Business Month’’; of members of the Commonwealth Army of American youth to have positive role models (2) honors the vital role of women small the Philippines and the new Philippine to instill— business owners and women entrepreneurs in Scouts shall not be deemed to have been ac- (1) the significance of education, com- the United States during ‘‘National Women’s tive service and, therefore, those members plemented by the richness of Filipino Amer- Small Business Month’’; did not qualify for certain benefits; ican ethnicity; and (3) recognizes the significant contributions Whereas 26,000 Filipino World War II vet- (2) the value of the Filipino American leg- of women small business owners and women erans were granted United States citizenship acy; and

VerDate Sep 11 2014 04:59 Nov 01, 2019 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00034 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A31OC6.045 S31OCPT1 SSpencer on DSKBBXCHB2PROD with SENATE October 31, 2019 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S6343 Whereas it is essential to promote the un- Whereas, in 1979, Toni Morrison was award- Whereas, in 1993, Toni Morrison— derstanding, education, and appreciation of ed the Barnard Medal of Distinction from (1) received the honor of Commandeur de the history and culture of Filipino Ameri- Barnard College in New York City; l’Ordre des Arts et des Lettres, a prestigious cans in the United States: Now, therefore, be Whereas, from 1979 to 1980, Toni Morrison award for distinguished contributions to it was a Distinguished Visiting Lecturer at French and world culture; Resolved, That the Senate— Bard College in Annandale-on-Hudson, New (2) became the first African-American (1) recognizes the celebration of Filipino York; woman to win the Nobel Prize in Literature American History Month in October 2019 as— Whereas, in 1980, Toni Morrison was ap- for being an author ‘‘who in novels charac- (A) a testament to the advancement of Fil- pointed by President Jimmy Carter to serve terized by visionary force and poetic import, ipino Americans; on the National Council on the Arts, a posi- gives life to an essential aspect of American (B) a time to reflect on and remember the tion Morrison held through 1987; reality’’; many notable contributions that Filipino Whereas, in 1981— (3) wrote the lyrics for the song cycle Americans have made to the United States; (1) Knopf published the novel ‘‘Tar Baby’’ ‘‘Honey and Rue’’ with composer Andre´ and by Toni Morrison; and Previn for Kathleen Battle, a work commis- (C) a time to renew efforts toward the re- (2) Toni Morrison— sioned by Carnegie Hall; and search and examination of history and cul- (A) was elected to the American Acad- (4) founded the Princeton Atelier, a studio ture so as to provide an opportunity for all emy of Arts and Letters; and arts program at Princeton University that people of the United States to learn more (B) received the Langston Hughes Award brings together students and visiting artists about Filipino Americans and to appreciate from the City College of New York in New to explore the collaborative creative process; the historic contributions of Filipino Ameri- York City; Whereas, in 1994, Toni Morrison— cans to the United States; and Whereas, in 1983, ‘‘Recitatif’’, the only (1) received— (2) urges the people of the United States to short story by Toni Morrison, was published (A) the Condorcet Medal from the Ecole observe Filipino American History Month in ‘‘Confirmations: An Anthology of African Normale Supe´rierue in Paris, France; and with appropriate programs and activities. American Women Writers’’; (B) the Pearl Buck Award from the Pearl Whereas, from 1983 to 1984, Toni Morrison Buck Foundation; f was a Distinguished Visiting Professor at (2) held the International Condorcet Chair SENATE RESOLUTION 402—HON- Rutgers University in New Brunswick, New at the Ecole Normale Supe´rieure and the ORING THE LIFE, WORK, AND Jersey; College de France in Paris, France; and LEGACY OF TONI MORRISON Whereas, from 1984 to 1989, Toni Morrison (3) wrote lyrics for ‘‘Four Songs’’ with was the Schweitzer Professor of the Human- composer Andre´ Previn, which was per- Mr. BROWN (for himself and Mr. ities, College of the Humanities and Fine formed by Sylvia McNair at Carnegie Hall; PORTMAN) submitted the following res- Arts, at State University of New York in Al- Whereas, in 1996, Toni Morrison— olution; which was considered and bany, New York; (1) was awarded the National Book Foun- agreed to: Whereas, in 1985, Toni Morrison joined the dation Medal for Distinguished Contribution to American Letters in New York City; S. RES. 402 board of trustees of the New York Public Li- brary; (2) was named the Jefferson Lecturer in Whereas Toni Morrison, born Chloe Ardelia Whereas, in 1986, Toni Morrison wrote the Humanities by the National Endowment Wofford on February 18, 1931, in Lorain, ‘‘Dreaming Emmett’’, an unpublished play for the Humanities; and Ohio, to George Wofford and Ramah Willis commissioned by the New York State Writ- (3) delivered the keynote address at the Wofford, was a pioneering novelist, writer, ers Institute, for which Morrison received 250th Anniversary Convocation of Princeton editor, and professor; the New York State Governor’s Arts Award University; Whereas Toni Morrison graduated from Lo- the same year; Whereas, in 1997, Toni Morrison— rain High School in Lorain, Ohio, with hon- Whereas, in 1987, Knopf published the novel (1) co-edited ‘‘Birth of a Nation’hood: Gaze, ors in 1949; ‘‘Beloved’’ by Toni Morrison, a portrait of a Script, and Spectacle in the O.J. Simpson Whereas, in 1953, Toni Morrison graduated woman haunted by the legacy of slavery in Case’’, a collection of essays on the O.J. from Howard University in Washington, post-Civil War Ohio, for which Morrison re- Simpson case published by Pantheon; and D.C., with a bachelor of arts degree in ceived the Anisfield Wolf Book Award in (2) wrote the lyrics for ‘‘Sweet Talk’’ with English and a minor in Classics; Race Relations in 1988; composer Richard Danielpour, which was Whereas, in 1955, Toni Morrison graduated Whereas, in 1988, Toni Morrison— performed by Jessye Norman at Carnegie from Cornell University in Ithaca, New (1) won the Pulitzer Prize for ‘‘Beloved’’; Hall; York, with a master of arts degree in (2) received, for ‘‘Beloved’’— Whereas, from 1997 to 2003, Toni Morrison English; (A) the Robert F. Kennedy Book Award; was the A.D. White Professor-At-Large at Whereas, in 1955, Toni Morrison became a (B) the Melcher Book Award; and Cornell University in Ithaca, New York; professor at Texas Southern University in (C) the Elmer Holmes Bobst Award for Whereas, in 1998— Houston, Texas; Fiction; (1) Knopf published the novel ‘‘Paradise’’ Whereas, from 1957 to 1964, Toni Morrison (3) received the Ohioana Career Medal by Toni Morrison; and taught at Howard University in Washington, Award; and (2) Toni Morrison wrote the lyrics for D.C.; (4) delivered the Robert C. Tanner Lecture ‘‘Spirits in the Well’’ with composer Richard Whereas, from 1965 to 1968, Toni Morrison on Human Values at the University of Michi- Danielpour, which was performed by Jessye was a senior editor with textbook publisher gan; Norman at Avery Fisher Hall; L.W. Singer in Syracuse, New York; Whereas, from 1989 to 2006, Toni Morrison Whereas, in 1998— Whereas, from 1968 to 1983, Toni Morrison was the Robert F. Goheen Professor in the (1) the audio book ‘‘Beloved’’, which was was the first African-American woman sen- Council of the Humanities at Princeton Uni- recorded by Toni Morrison, received a ior editor in the history of Random House, versity in Princeton, New Jersey, where she Grammy nomination for Best Spoken Word Inc., in New York City; was recognized with emeritus status in 2006; Album; and Whereas, in 1970, Holt, Rhinehart and Win- Whereas, in 1990, Toni Morrison delivered— (2) Toni Morrison delivered— ston published ‘‘The Bluest Eye’’, the first (1) the Massey Lectures at Harvard Univer- (A) the Moffitt Lecture at Princeton Uni- novel by Toni Morrison; sity; versity; and Whereas, in 1973, Knopf published the novel (2) the first Chazen Lecture at the Univer- (B) the Berliner Lektionen at the The- ‘‘Sula’’ by Toni Morrison; sity of Wisconsin; ater Berlin; Whereas, in 1975, Toni Morrison received (3) a Charter Lecture at the University of Whereas, in 1999, Toni Morrison— the Ohioana Book Award for ‘‘Sula’’, which Georgia; and (1) received the Ohioana Book Award for was also nominated for the American Book (4) the Clark Lectures at Trinity College in Fiction; and Award; Cambridge, England; (2) co-authored with her son, Slade Morri- Whereas, from 1975 to 1977, Toni Morrison Whereas, in 1991, Toni Morrison was award- son, ‘‘The Big Box’’, which was published by was a visiting professor at Yale University in ed the Rosenberger Medal at the University Hyperion; New Haven, Connecticut; of Chicago in Chicago, Illinois; Whereas, in 2000, Toni Morrison— Whereas, in 1977, Knopf published the novel Whereas, in 1992— (1) wrote the lyrics for ‘‘woman.life.song’’ ‘‘Song of Solomon’’ by Toni Morrison, which (1) Knopf published the novel ‘‘Jazz’’ by with composer Judith Weir, which was per- was chosen as a Book-of-the-Month selection Toni Morrison; formed by Jessye Norman at Carnegie Hall; the same year; (2) Pantheon published ‘‘Race-ing Justice, and Whereas, in 1978, Toni Morrison received, En-gendering Power: Essays on Anita Hill, (2) was awarded the National Humanities for ‘‘Song of Solomon’’— Clarence Thomas, and the Construction of Medal; (1) the National Book Critics Circle Award; Social Reality’’, a collection edited by Toni Whereas, in 2001, Toni Morrison— (2) the American Academy and Institute of Morrison; and (1) received— Arts and Letters Award; (3) Harvard University Press published (A) the Pell Award for Lifetime Achieve- (3) the Oscar Micheaux Award; and ‘‘Playing in the Dark: Whiteness and the Lit- ment in the Arts; and (4) the Cleveland Arts Prize for Literature; erary Imagination’’ by Toni Morrison; (B) the Cavore Prize in Turin, Italy;

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