DOCSLIB.ORG

Online Shaming

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Online Shaming ONLINE SHAMING Ethical Tools for Human-Computer Interaction Designers Erik Campano Department of Informatics Magister thesis, 15 hp Master’s Program in Human-Computer Interaction and Social Media SPM 2020.13 Dedication to Kathleen Content Warning This paper discusses the topics of racism, transphobia, and gender-based-violence. Abstract A set of tools – concepts, guidelines, and engineering solutions – are proposed to help human-computer interaction designers build systems that are ethical with regards to online shaming. Online shaming’s ethics are unsolved in the literature, and the phenomenon can have devastating consequences, as well as serve social justice. Kantian ethics, as interpreted by Christine Korsgaard, provide our analytical methodology. Her meta-ethics invokes Wittgenstein’s private language argument, which also models relevant concepts in human-computer interaction theory. Empirical studies and other ethicists’ views on online shaming are presented. Korsgaard’s Kantian methodology is used to evaluate the other ethicists’ views’ moral acceptability, and guidelines are drawn from that analysis. These guidelines permit shaming, with strong constraints. Technical engineering solutions to ethical problems in online shaming are discussed. All these results are situated in the public dialogue on online shaming, and future research from other ethical traditions is suggested. Keywords: online shaming, ethics, human-computer interaction 1. Introduction 1.1 Three Examples of Online Shaming We begin with three examples of online shaming. I will be using these examples throughout this paper. Justine Sacco: Justine Sacco was an American communications executive at a large media and internet holding company. She had a history of fighting for causes endorsing racial equality. She also had an “ascerbic” sense of humor (Ronson, 2015). On December 20, 2013, on the way to visit family in South Africa, just before she boarded a plane in London, she tweeted: “Going to Africa. Hope I don’t get AIDS. Just kidding. I’m white!” [Fig. 1] She says she intended this as a joke, an ironic, self-reflective critique of white privilege. (ibid). The tweet was republished quickly on the blog of technology journalist Sam Biddle. Readers, who did not know Sacco, did not appreciate the comment as an ironic joke, but rather saw it as serious racism. During her 11 hour flight to South Africa – when she was offline and could not explain herself – her tweet went viral. Sacco became the target of online anti-racism vigilantes, who posted tens of thousands of threatening and abusive messages. The number one worldwide trending Twitter hashtag became #HasJustineLandedYet. “We are about to watch this @JustineSacco bitch get fired. In REAL time. Before she even KNOWS she’s getting fired,” tweeted one critic. Indeed, when she landed, she had been fired (Billingham and Parr, 2019) and branded a racist on social media and search engines. Natalie Wynn: Natalie Wynn is a transwoman, former philosophy graduate student and YouTube vlogger who since 2017 has published movie-length video essays about ethics, politics, race, and gender, on a channel called ContraPoints. In October 2019, in a video, 1 she included a 10 second clip voiced over by transsexual pornographic actor Buck Angel, whom some transgender rights activists criticize as a transmedicalist – that is to say, someone who believes that people who do not experience gender dysphoria, or undergo medical transition, are not truly transgender. Wynn says she is not a transmedicalist. Nonetheless, transmedicalism critics barraged Wynn with hatred on social media for having used Angel’s voice. “Pee pee, poo poo, I'm ContraPoints and I can't stop being a transmedicalist and sh*tting myself in public bwuh,” wrote one commenter. The critics called for Wynn to be “cancelled” – for her channel to be boycotted. "Deplatform her just like every other racist, sexist, bigoted content creator,” a critic wrote. Wynn disappeared from public view for about a month, and then resurfaced with a widely-praised video called Canceling. In it, she details the process of online shaming, and also movingly describes the negative effects it had on her – and her colleagues. “I'm becoming a burden to anyone who associates with me. … I'm working on this totally alone because I'm aware of how radioactive I am right now. And I don't want to contaminate anyone else,” she says (Wynn, 2020). Canceling has received almost two million views. Brock Turner: Brock Turner was a 20-year old Stanford undergraduate. In January 2015, after a party in which he and a young woman named Chanel Miller drank heavily, he was discovered by two Swedish graduate students outdoors, on top of Miller while she was unconscious from the alcohol. Turner tried to run, but the students caught up and tackled him. Stanford banned Turner from the campus for life. He was convicted of sexual assault with intent to rape an intoxicated person, and two other charges. Judge Aaron Persky sentenced Turner to six months in prison, three years’ probation, and lifetime registration as a sex offender. Anti-gender-based-violence advocates, led by Stanford law professor Michele Dauber, felt that this sentence was too lenient, and launched an online campaign to have Persky recalled from the bench. Countless memes and websites labeled Turner him a rapist; an introductory law textbook even used his picture next to the definition of rape [Figure 2.] (Rennison, 2017). After Dauber’s campaign, county voters recalled Persky from the bench – the first time that a judge in California had been recalled in 80 years. Persky took a new job as a high school tennis instructor, but was fired after a Change.org petition accused that school of “explicitly and ignorantly allowing rape culture to ensue.” (BBC, 2019) Dauber herself was the target of an online counter-campaign, which she says led to offline threats, such as two stalkers, and an envelope sent to her house with white powder in it. (Deruy, 2018) In September 2019, Miller told her story in a bestselling book, Know My Name: A Memoir. Turner still faces online death threats and calls for his execution. On May 14, 2020 one user tweeted, “my homies wanna kill brock turner”. [Fig. 3] There are uncountably many identified cases of online shaming, but for the purposes of this essay we shall focus on these three. Each has a certain extreme quality that makes it particularly useful for our analysis: Justine Sacco’s case was extreme in the relative small scale of the trigger (a single 12-word tweet from a private, largely unknown person) versus the large scale of the reaction (worldwide media coverage). Natalie Wynn’s case is extreme in how successfully the target defended herself, and in her detail of description of the dynamics and personal effects of online shaming. 2 Brock Turner’s case is extreme, as popular commentators have called it one of the most morally justified examples of online shaming. An influential anti-shaming book, Shame Nation: The Global Epidemic of Online Hate, says about Turner: “We raged, we blogged, we vented, but finally, all that was left was to enact vigilante justice.” (Scheff et al., 2017, p. 13) The Turner case is also important for our purposes, because many extant academic arguments for online shaming see it as a tool to combat gender-based-violence. 1.2 A Working Definition of Online Shaming Online shaming, as defined in the literature, has many types. These include: • doxing – publishing private information about an individual, such as his address or workplace, in order to encourage others to harass him • revenge pornography – publishing sexual content without a subject’s permission • harassment – for example, online stalking, blackmail, threats, and fake profiles • bullying – for example, children writing hurtful things about another child online • bigotry – publishing hate speech about a group based on race, gender, sexual orientation, religion, ethnic origin, or other identity status • gossiping – sharing false personal information carelessly online (Laidlaw, 2017) Popular and academic literature broadly concede that these types are ethically unacceptable. We will therefore skip them in this paper. Rather, we will explore one other, specific type, which, as will become clear, raises the ethical issues about which we are concerned. For our purposes, shaming is: a large group of people publishing many individual posts on social media, intending to punish a person extrajudicially for doing something they perceive as unjust, for the ostensible purpose of societal modification. This type is sometimes called online vigilantism, although many definitions of that term have been proposed in the academic literature (Billingham and Parr, 2019; Gallardo, 2017; Chandler, 2016; Chang and Poon, 2016; Hou, 2017). In this paper, we shall use online shaming and online vigilantism almost interchangeably. The former emphasizes the act of punishing, whilst the latter, its extrajudicial nature. How large is large, and how many posts are necessary, for punishment to count as shaming? There is no number. As I shall argue, the threshold is crossed when moral accountability becomes distributed among many shamers. 1.3 Knowledge Assumed by this Paper This paper is written for human-computer interaction designers. Therefore, it assumes knowledge of certain human-computer interaction concepts, specifically: distributed cognition, embodied interaction, persuasive technologies, metaphor, blended space, and the spiral of silence. This paper assumes
Load more

Recommended publications
  • RAPE MYTHS in the LOCAL and NATIONAL NEWSPAPER COVERAGE of the BROCK TURNER CASE by Juana Campos a Thesis Submitted to the Depar
    Running head: RAPE MYTHS IN THE NEWSPAPER COVERAGE OF THE BROCK TURNER CASE RAPE MYTHS IN THE LOCAL AND NATIONAL NEWSPAPER COVERAGE OF THE BROCK TURNER CASE by Juana Campos A thesis submitted to the Department of Sociology in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS in Sociology Chair of Committee: Samantha S. Kwan, Ph.D. Committee Member: Amanda Baumle, Ph.D. Committee Member: Jennifer Arney, Ph.D. University of Houston December 2020 RAPE MYTHS IN THE NEWSPAPER COVERAGE OF THE BROCK TURNER CASE Copyright 2020, Juana Campos ii RAPE MYTHS IN THE NEWSPAPER COVERAGE OF THE BROCK TURNER CASE ACKNOWLEDGMENTS First, I would like to thank my committee chair, Dr. Samantha Kwan not only for her expertise and feedback but also for her understanding, empathy, and support during rough times. Without her guidance, I don’t think I could have pushed through to finish these last steps in my thesis. Additionally, I would like to thank Dr. Amanda Baumle and Dr. Jennifer Arney for their time, patience, and feedback. For funding, I would like to thank the Department of Women and Gender Studies for awarding me the Blanche Epsy Chenoweth Graduate Fellowship. I would also like to the Department of Sociology for awarding me their Department Research Grant. Their funding made it possible for me to fund my education and the additional coder. Last but certainly not least, I am thankful for the generous support from my friends and family. Thank you for lending me your wifi and your support. iii RAPE MYTHS IN THE NEWSPAPER COVERAGE OF THE BROCK TURNER CASE ABSTRACT Rape myths are false claims that pardon perpetrators, blame victims, and justify sexual assault.
    [Show full text]
  • Cancel Culture: Posthuman Hauntologies in Digital Rhetoric and the Latent Values of Virtual Community Networks
    CANCEL CULTURE: POSTHUMAN HAUNTOLOGIES IN DIGITAL RHETORIC AND THE LATENT VALUES OF VIRTUAL COMMUNITY NETWORKS By Austin Michael Hooks Heather Palmer Rik Hunter Associate Professor of English Associate Professor of English (Chair) (Committee Member) Matthew Guy Associate Professor of English (Committee Member) CANCEL CULTURE: POSTHUMAN HAUNTOLOGIES IN DIGITAL RHETORIC AND THE LATENT VALUES OF VIRTUAL COMMUNITY NETWORKS By Austin Michael Hooks A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of the University of Tennessee at Chattanooga in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements of the Degree of Master of English The University of Tennessee at Chattanooga Chattanooga, Tennessee August 2020 ii Copyright © 2020 By Austin Michael Hooks All Rights Reserved iii ABSTRACT This study explores how modern epideictic practices enact latent community values by analyzing modern call-out culture, a form of public shaming that aims to hold individuals responsible for perceived politically incorrect behavior via social media, and cancel culture, a boycott of such behavior and a variant of call-out culture. As a result, this thesis is mainly concerned with the capacity of words, iterated within the archive of social media, to haunt us— both culturally and informatically. Through hauntology, this study hopes to understand a modern discourse community that is bound by an epideictic framework that specializes in the deconstruction of the individual’s ethos via the constant demonization and incitement of past, current, and possible social media expressions. The primary goal of this study is to understand how these practices function within a capitalistic framework and mirror the performativity of capital by reducing affective human interactions to that of a transaction.
    [Show full text]
  • Gender Transition, Including Appellant Appeared Pro Se at the Uncontested Hearing Gender Reassignment Surgery
    Case 3:18-cv-00037-WTL-MPB Document 42 Filed 07/03/18 Page 1 of 3 PageID #: 263 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF INDIANA EVANSVILLE DIVISION J.A.W., ) ) Plaintiff, ) ) v. ) ) Cause No. 3:18-cv-37-WTL-MPB EVANSVILLE VANDERBURGH SCHOOL ) CORPORATION, ) ) Defendant. ) INTRODUCTION TO APPENDIX AND REQUEST TO TAKE JUDICIAL NOTICE In support of its Response in Opposition to Plaintiff’s Motion for Preliminary Injunction, the Evansville Vanderburgh School Corporation (“EVSC”) hereby submits this Appendix of materials and requests that the Court take judicial notice of the same. Pursuant to Federal Rule of Evidence 201, the Court “must take judicial notice if a party requests it and the court is supplied with the necessary information.” “It is well settled that courts may take judicial notice of common knowledge and matters of public record not subject to reasonable dispute.” United States v. Hemphill, 447 Fed. Appx. 733, 736 (7th Cir. 2011). Each of the materials contained in this Appendix falls within the category of facts of which the Court may take judicial notice. Schmude v. Sheahan, 312 F. Supp. 2d 1047, 1064 (7th Cir. 2004) (“it is routine for courts to take judicial notice of both newspaper articles and court records, among other things.”); Jutzi-Johnson v. United States, 263 F.3d 753, 757 (7th Cir. 2001) (statistical surveys and studies); Driebel v. City of Milwaukee, 298 F.3d 622, 630 n.2 (7th Cir. 2002) (official rules and regulations); Hemphill, 447 Fed. Appx. at 736 (7th Cir. 2011) (statutes and Case 3:18-cv-00037-WTL-MPB Document 42 Filed 07/03/18 Page 2 of 3 PageID #: 264 ordinances).
    [Show full text]
  • Scarlet Letters: Meat, Normality and the Power of Shaming
    Scarlet Letters: Meat, Normality and the Power of Shaming By Nicolas Delon In 2018 and 2019, a series of attacks by vegan activists struck meat- related businesses in France. Deemed “extreme” and “violent” by butchers, these actions invite us to reflect on the ethics of activism. Is it ever morally permissible to engage in illegal activism? Are tactics such as shaming even effective? As of this writing, a butcher shop in Paris was just vandalized, allegedly by vegan activists. From November 2018 to February 2019, a series of attacks struck meat-related businesses in the north of France. The damage included broken windows, fires at butchers’ shops, fishmongers, and restaurants, inflicted on nocturnal raids where activists also scrawled slogans such as “Stop Speciesism” and “Assassins”. Last June, butchers wrote to the interior ministry a letter to request increased protection, worrying about the consequences of “excessive media hype around vegan lifestyles”, and that vegans wanted to “impose their lifestyle on the immense majority of people”. Two animal rights activists were recently convicted of criminal damage by a court in Lille. “We needed an example to be made of them so that these actions by small groups with extremist and profoundly violent ideas come to an end,” said the head of the local butchers’ federation, Laurent Rigaud. France is no stranger to protests but the attacks shocked many in a country where gastronomy takes pride of place in culture. The attacks took place against the background of growing discussions around meat, animal abuse, veganism and speciesism, fueled in part by a string of undercover investigations led by the animal rights organization L-214 in slaughterhouses.
    [Show full text]
  • AN EXAMINATION of CANCEL CULTURE ACTS AS a FORM of COUNTERSPEECH to REGULATE HATE SPEECH ONLINE. Morgan English
    CANCEL CULTURE: AN EXAMINATION OF CANCEL CULTURE ACTS AS A FORM OF COUNTERSPEECH TO REGULATE HATE SPEECH ONLINE. Morgan English A thesis submitted to the faculty at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts of Technology and Communication in the School of Journalism and Mass Communication. Chapel Hill 2021 Approved by: Tori Ekstrand Barbra Friedman David Ardia © 2021 Morgan English All Rights Reserved ii ABSTRACT Morgan English: Cancel Culture: An Examination of Cancel Culture Acts as a Form of Counterspeech to Regulate Hate Speech Online. Under the direction of (Tori Ekstrand) The purpose of this paper is to introduce the use of cancel culture as a form of counterspeech that regulates hate speech online. Opponents of cancel culture argue that it deters people from speaking by suppressing their speech, and it makes it harder for people to participate in the free speech environment. But cancel culture may be the preferred form of counterspeech that opponents of cancel culture complain about to redress hate speech. The purpose of this thesis is to examine how cancel culture is a form of counterspeech that can effectively condemn people for their speech and serve the marketplace of ideas. Cancel culture has been studied as a communications and discourse phenomenon, but less has been said about its role as an effective strategy within the First Amendment’s counterspeech doctrine on online platforms. This paper will attempt to fill that gap. iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Throughout the writing of this Thesis, I have received a great deal of support and assistance.
    [Show full text]
  • Knowing Her Name: the Framing of Sexual Assault Victims and Assailants in News Media
    Knowing Her Name: The Framing of Sexual Assault Victims and Assailants in News Media Headlines A thesis submitted to the Graduate School of the University of Cincinnati in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in the Department of Communication, College of Arts and Sciences by Tessa Webb B.A. University of Cincinnati, December 2017 Advisor: Nancy Jennings, PhD. Committee: Omotayo Banjo, PhD. and Ronald Jackson, III, PhD. Abstract: By examining how attribution of responsibility is constructed by public opinion, this research determines the discrepancy in the presence of the victim and their sexual assailant in news media headlines. This research is based in the theoretical framework of framing, which will be used to evaluate how electronic news media sources portray these stories and the ways in which they possibly alter truth through agenda setting and priming. Rape myths grow within our society through repetition, so the theoretical basis of the cumulative and cognitive-transactional model of media effects will be utilized in order to focus on the consonance and repetition of themes and messages that occur across media content. A content analysis will examine the ways in which electronic news media headlines are more likely to utilize language of support and use more description for the sexual assailant, as opposed to their victim. Content analyzed will include electronic news media headlines related to the Stanford sexual assault trial. ii iii Acknowledgments: I would first like to acknowledge the support of my advisor, Dr. Nancy Jennings. Your patience and support are the reason why I survived such a harsh topic of research.
    [Show full text]
  • Social Norms, Shame, and Regulation in an Internet Age Kate Klonick
    Maryland Law Review Volume 75 | Issue 4 Article 4 Re-Shaming the Debate: Social Norms, Shame, and Regulation in an Internet Age Kate Klonick Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.law.umaryland.edu/mlr Part of the Internet Law Commons, and the Law and Society Commons Recommended Citation 75 Md. L. Rev. 1029 (2016) This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Academic Journals at DigitalCommons@UM Carey Law. It has been accepted for inclusion in Maryland Law Review by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@UM Carey Law. For more information, please contact [email protected]. RE-SHAMING THE DEBATE: SOCIAL NORMS, SHAME, AND REGULATION IN AN INTERNET AGE * KATE KLONICK Advances in technological communication have dramatically changed the ways in which social norm enforcement is used to constrain behavior. Nowhere is this more powerfully demonstrated than through current events around online shaming and cyber harassment. Low cost, anonymous, instant, and ubiquitous access to the Internet has removed most—if not all—of the natural checks on shaming. The result is norm enforcement that is indeterminate, uncalibrated, and often tips into behavior punishable in its own right—thus generating a debate over whether the state should intervene to curb online shaming and cyber harassment. A few years before this change in technology, a group of legal scholars debated just the opposite, discussing the value of harnessing the power of social norm enforcement through shaming by using state shaming sanctions as a more efficient means of criminal punishment. Though the idea was discarded, many of their concerns were prescient and can inform today’s inverted new inquiry: whether the state should create limits on shaming and cyber bullying.
    [Show full text]
  • Fifteen Minutes of Shame?
    Uppsala University Department of Sociology Master’s Thesis in Sociology Spring 2020 Fifteen Minutes of Shame? Understanding the Experience of Being Subjected to Moral Outrage Online Author: Julia Zabielski Supervisor: Clara Iversen Examiner: Sebastian Abrahamsson ​ 1 Abstract Due to new technological affordances, such as the internet and social media, people are more exposed than ever to actions or statements that may be perceived as moral violations. Consequently, moral outrage has become a prevalent feature in the online sphere. While it is well-known how moral outrage arises and what kind of practices it motivates, little is still known in regards to how moral outrage is experienced by the individuals who are at the receiving end of such outrage. The purpose of this study was thus to explore how individuals ​ understand their experiences of being subjected to moral outrage online. Drawing on a theoretical framework comprised by interactionist and symbolic interactionist concepts, the study analysed interviews conducted with twelve individuals who have been subjected to moral outrage online. The findings show that the individuals understand their experience as being characterized by a sense of being in the hands of others once their action or statement had been reframed into a moral violation. The moral outrage is furthermore understood as having wider social consequences that contributed to, solidified or, by contrast, mitigated the experience of becoming an outcast, while also predominantly being understood as having a negative impact on the individuals’ sense of self. Accordingly, by taking these individuals’ understanding of moral outrage online into account, rather than problematizing their actions or statements, the study opens up for a discussion in regards to how moral outrage expressed online may itself be problematic and worthy of critical reflection.
    [Show full text]
  • Social Media Shaming and Bullying / by Robert M
    ® About the Author Robert M. Henderson has worked as an editor and copywriter for more than thirty years. He is the author of National Geographic’s World Regions: West Asia and The Spread of Hate and Extremism. He currently lives in Vermont. © 2021 ReferencePoint Press, Inc. Printed in the United States For more information, contact: ReferencePoint Press, Inc. PO Box 27779 San Diego, CA 92198 www.ReferencePointPress.com ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. No part of this work covered by the copyright hereon may be reproduced or used in any form or by any means—graphic, electronic, or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, taping, web distribution, or information storage retrieval systems—without the written permission of the publisher. Picture Credits: Cover: Shutterstock.com 30: Lopolo/Shutterstock.com 5: fizkes/Shutterstock.com 33: antoniodiaz/Shutterstock.com 11: pixelheadphoto/digitalskillet/Shutterstock.com 38: Brent Eysler/Shutterstock.com 14: Aldo Murillo/iStock 41: Jaguar PS/Shutterstock.com 16: Maury Aaseng 45: Matheus Obst/Shutterstock.com 22: sirtravelalot/Shutterstock.com 49: DGLimages/Shutterstock.com 25: JuliusKielaitis/Shutterstock.com 50: fizkes/Shutterstock.com 28: tommaso79/Shutterstock.com 54: Nuchylee/Shutterstock.com LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CATALOGING- IN- PUBLICATION DATA Names: Henderson, Robert M., author. Title: Social media shaming and bullying / by Robert M. Henderson. Description: San Diego, CA : ReferencePoint Press, Inc., 2021. | Series: The risks of social media | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers:
    [Show full text]
  • Online Reputation What Are They Saying About Me? Discussion Paper Prepared by the Policy and Research Group of the Office of the Privacy Commissioner of Canada
    –––––– Online Reputation What are they saying about me? Discussion Paper prepared by the Policy and Research Group of the Office of the Privacy Commissioner of Canada Table of Contents Abstract .................................................................................................................................................................................... 1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................................................. 1 Reputation and Privacy ............................................................................................................................................................ 1 Some features of online reputation ..................................................................................................................................... 2 Real world risks of reputational harm .................................................................................................................................. 3 Posting information about others ........................................................................................................................................ 4 A word about kids .................................................................................................................................................................... 4 The right to be forgotten ........................................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Tobias Final with Front Page
    Roskilde University Out online trans self-representation and community building on YouTube Raun, Tobias Publication date: 2012 Document Version Early version, also known as pre-print Citation for published version (APA): Raun, T. (2012). Out online: trans self-representation and community building on YouTube. Roskilde Universitet. General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain. • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal. Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact [email protected] providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Download date: 02. Oct. 2021 Out Online: Trans Self-Representation and Community Building on YouTube Tobias Raun Supervisors: Birgitta Frello Kate O’Riordan PhD Dissertation Cultural Encounters, Department of Culture and Identity, Roskilde University 2012 1 Dedicated to the three strong and loving women in my life; my grandmother, my mother, and my partner, all of whom have helped me become the man that I am today. 2 Contents Acknowledgments 7 Introduction: Trans in/as Screen Media 9 YouTube It! 10 The Power of Representation 13 The Representation of Trans in Mainstream Media 15 Democratization of Trans; or, Still Something to Fight For? 17 The Deceptive Transsexual 20 The Pathetic Transsexual 21 Trans as a Metaphor for or an Expression of Psychopathy 22 The Autobiographical Imperative 24 Trans as Monstrous Porn Spectacles 25 Trans? An Overview of the Dissertation 26 Chapter 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Downtown Streets Team Execs Accused of Harassment Page 5
    Vol. XLI, Number 16 Q January 24, 2020 PaloAltoOnline.com Downtown Streets Team execs accused of harassment Page 5 FFirstirst pplacelace oonn tthehe llineine Paly boys play at Los Altos on Friday night Page 33 Pulse 12 Transitions 13 Eating Out 17 Movies 20 Puzzles 35 QArts Local theater power couple talks life, love and drama Page 14 QBooks Find out what Palo Altans are reading Page 21 QHome In greenhouses, Filoli’s elaborate gardens take root Page 22 Your new Stanford Hospital provides high quality emergency care at dedicated Adult and Pediatric locations Marc and Laura Andreessen Pediatric Emergency Department Adult Emergency Department Caring for children—newborn to age 20 Caring for adults 900 Quarry Road Extension 1199 Welch Road Stanford, CA 94304 Stanford, CA 94304 Labor and Delivery, through Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital: 725 Welch Road • Palo Alto, CA When your needs are less urgent, we can see you at our Express Care or Walk-in Clinic (1.833.777.6151). For more information: stanfordhealthcare.org/emergencydepartment The Marc and Laura Andreessen Adult Emergency Department at Stanford Hospital is the only Level 1 Adult and Pediatric Trauma Center between San Francisco andand thethe SoutSouthh Bay. We hhaveave nationanationall ddesignationsesignations as ComprehensiveComprehensive StroStrokeke anandd CChesthest Pain Centers. IN CASE OF AN EMERGENCY CALL 911 Page 2 • January 24, 2020 • Palo Alto Weekly • www.PaloAltoOnline.com Contact Elyse for other ]bI@]bù / properties coming soon /b]Kbù / Johnson Street Menlo Park 7BR 5.5BA 18,942SF New construction w@U]@H]Mbù / 180 Forest Lane 180 Forest Menlo Park Sophisticated Loft Style Home with private elevator in premium Park Forest location 180Forest.com Pending 1 Holbrook Lane 1 Holbrook Atherton 6BR 5.5BA New construction 1HolbrookLane.com 650.743.0734 [email protected] DRE 01006027 ElyseBarcaHomes All material presented herein is intended for informational purposes only.
    [Show full text]