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Early Colonial and Vice‑Regal Heritage Significance CONSERVATION MANAGEMENT PLAN H Eritage S Ignificance Of CONSERVATION MANAGEMENT PLAN Heritage Significance OF THE PARK 67 DRAFT DRAFT Vice‑Regal Heritage Heritage Vice‑Regal Significance Early Colonial and Colonial Early YOUR PARRAMATTA PARK 2030 66 Early Colonial and Vice‑Regal Heritage Significance Parramatta Park with Old Government House The park land was also significant as a place of recreation. is of World Heritage significance as an organisational Mrs Macquarie held picnics in the Domain and the park and social centre of convict transportation from land was significant to the people of Parramatta at that 1788–1840. time, even during the strict governing of the Domain enclosure by Governor Macquarie. PLAN MANAGEMENT CONSERVATION It is significant as the site of the early British defensive Redoubt, the second government farm, stock‑keeping Parramatta Park is significant as the site of early botanical paddocks and associated dam, and as Australia’s and astronomical research in the European scientific earliest European planned town, as set out between Old traditions in the colony, as evidenced by the remains of the Government House and ‘The Landing Place’ on the river. observatory transit stones. This significance is illustrated in the surviving building The Early Colonial and Vice‑Regal heritage significance of complexes of the Dairy and Old Government House. The the Park has been assessed and statutorily listed as being Dairy is the oldest most complete European building of state, national and World Heritage significance. These in Australia and Old Government House is the oldest heritage values are managed under the provisions of the H eritage governor’s residence in Australia. NSW Heritage Act 1977 and the Australian Environmental Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999. The landscape of the Park is significant today as it S demonstrates the landscape setting for Old Government This heritage significance and how it contributes to the ignificance House designed by Governor and Mrs Macquarie. The UNESCO Australian Convict Sites serial heritage listing is Macquaries embellished and developed the picturesque explored in more detail in the following pages. park by drawing on the qualities of the place created by The Early Colonial and Vice‑Regal landscape settings, views OF Aboriginal land management practices. THE and features of the Park that remain today informed the Figure 33. P The Macquaries’ Government House and Domain Trust’s later improvements to the Park. The maps showing Government House Parramatta, 1805 ARK represented a major architectural and landscape these features and their interrelationship can be found in Governor Hunter demolished Governor Phillip’s Government House at the following People’s Park heritage significance section of Parramatta and built a new Government House in 1799. Governor Hunter’s achievement and is one of the most important works of house forms the core of the existing building. Governor Macquarie. It established the character of the Your Parramatta Park 2030. The Domain of Government House at that time was kitchen gardens, farm second phase of British colonisation — beyond that of a and grazing lands. penal colony — and operated as an official residence of the NSW governors up to 1858. And it appearing that idle Boys and others, who should know better, are in the Habit of resorting to the said Domain…for the purpose of killing Birds, particularly on Sundays: It is DRAFT herebyDRAFT ordered and directed, that the Constables and Pease Officers do apprehend all Persons who shall hereafter be “ found trespassing…in Order to their being prosecuted and dealt with according to Law for such offences.” By His Excellency’s Command, J T Campbell Secretary, Sydney Gazette and New South Wales Figure 32. (previous page) Advertiser, Saturday 3 June 1820 Dairy and Ranger’s Cottage 68 YOUR PARRAMATTA PARK 2030 69 Early Colonial and Vice‑Regal Heritage Significance Australian Convict Sites Parramatta Park with Old Government House, is one This British colonial occupation forced Aboriginal people Figure 34. Figure 35. Figure 36. Fremantle Prison Brickendon Estate Woolmers Estate of the 11 Australian Convict Sites on the UNESCO back into less fertile land. It was also the primary source of World Heritage serial listing. the significant population of people of European descent in PLAN MANAGEMENT CONSERVATION Australia today. Together these sites represent the global phenomenon of the forced migration of convicts to penal colonies in the The contribution of Parramatta Park to this serial listing 18th and 19th centuries and global developments in the as the Domain to Old Government House is its ability to punishment of crime in modern time. illustrate through its buildings and cultural landscape the projection of British imperial power in the South Pacific, The 11 sites illustrate the different types of British and the reformation of criminals through the administration occupation developed to support the large‑scale of the convict system. The site is directly associated transportation, organisation and control of convicts such with the ideas and beliefs of convict transportation and as buildings, ports, infrastructure and the extraction of the management of convicts through mechanisms of H eritage resources across Australia. These properties demonstrate punishment and incentive. the various forms of convict occupation and their influence Figure 37. Figure 38. Figure 39. on emerging models of punishment and reform in Europe The collective values of these sites are managed under the S Darlington Probation Station Port Arthur Historic Site Coal Mines Historic Site ignificance and America at that time. Australian Convict Sites Strategic Management Framework. OF THE P ARK Figure 40. Figure 41. Figure 42. Cascades Female Factory Old Government House and Domain Hyde Park Barracks (Parramatta Park) Norfolk Island Kingston and Arthur’s Western Australia Vale Historic Area Fremantle Prison DRAFTNew South Wales DRAFT Old Government House and Domain (Parramatta Park) Hyde Park Barracks Tasmania Cockatoo Island Brickendon and Woolmers Old Great North Road Figure 43. Figure 44. Figure 45. Estates Cockatoo Island Old Great North Road Kingston and Arthur’s Vale Historic Area Darlington Probation Station Port Arthur Historic Site Coal Mines Historic Site 70 Cascades Female Factory YOUR PARRAMATTA PARK 2030 71 CONSERVATION MANAGEMENT PLAN Heritage Significance OF THE PARK 73 DRAFT DRAFT Heritage Heritage Significance People’s Park Park People’s YOUR PARRAMATTA PARK 2030 72 People’s Park Heritage Significance Early Colonial, Vice Regal and People’s Park Archaeological Potential Significance N Parramatta Park is significant as one of the earliest Parramatta Park is also significant as a place of gazetted parks in Australia in 1858. It was designed community celebration and festivals, from Victorian‑era as a Victorian‑era People’s Park following lengthy Empire Day celebrations to New Year’s Eve, Australia Day lobbying for its creation from the 1840s. and Diwali today. CONSERVATION MANAGEMENT PLAN MANAGEMENT CONSERVATION People understood the Park as a picturesque landscape. The People’s Park heritage significance has been It was embellished by the Park Trustees with a series assessed and statutorily listed as being of state heritage of formal park plantings, Gothic and Tudor Revival significance. This heritage value is managed under the gatehouses, carriageways and pathways, bridges and river provisions of the NSW Heritage Act 1977. works and the successive making of monuments to history The Early Colonial and Vice‑Regal features of the Park that and national identity. underpin Trust improvements are also significant to the The Park is significant as a major centre for recreational and People’s Park era for how they were valued, preserved and organised sport from the early 19th century, including the memorialised at that time. Maps on the following pages establishment of horse racing, cricket, football, aeroplane show the significant landscape settings, views and features H eritage flight, car and motorbike racing. of the Park to be conserved for both these eras as well the archaeological potential for these heritage values. S ignificance OF The crowds which found their way to Parramatta Park THE P yesterday probably established something like a record for ARK an ordinary holiday. The trains arriving from Sydney and suburbs at shortly after 10 and 11 o’clock were crowded, and from each a large procession marched to the national “ pleasure ground. Sunday and day school scholars were conducted through the town to the park gates, and off to some shady sheltered spot …it was a ‘crowded and lively scene everywhere,’ over 8,000 being estimated to have passed through the gates. The Salvation Army was early on the scene, and its music added to the indications of the presence of a great multitude of which most were young, and all bent on merry‑making… and the unrestricted invasion andDRAFT occupation of Parramatta’s historic enclosure complete DRAFT and satisfactory.” Daily Telegraph, 3 October 1899 Figure 46. (previous page) Little Coogee, 1920s 74 75 CONSERVATION MANAGEMENT PLAN Heritage Significance OF THE PARK 77 N Early Colonial, Vice Regal and People’s Park Heritage Landscape Settings Landscape Heritage Park People’s and Regal Vice Early Colonial, Routes and DRAFT DRAFT N Early Colonial, Vice Regal and People’s Park Heritage Fabric Heritage Park People’s and Regal Vice Early Colonial, 76 Figure 47. Diwali 2017 Your Parramatta Park 2030 includes the following Plan of Management, to be read in conjunction with the Conservation Management Plan. The Plan of Management identifies ways to manage the Park as a cultural landscape across eight precincts. It establishes objectives that aim to balance the Park’s cultural and natural heritage values with our ambitions for an active, well‑loved and well‑utilised natural, recreational and cultural space for a growing population at the heart of Greater Sydney. The Plan of Management will support our efforts to promote, conserve and enhance the Park’s values for the future. It meets the Trust’s requirements under the Parramatta Park Trust Act 2001.
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