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A Study on Hill Tourism in Theni

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A Study on Hill Tourism in Theni International Journal of Research ISSN NO:2236-6124 A Study on Hill Tourism in Theni S. Beulah Gnanamani Ph.D. Research Scholar (Reg. No.11117) PG & Research Department of Commerce South Travancore Hindu College, Nagercoil – 629 002. Affiliated to Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Abishekapatti, Tirunelveli – 627 012, Tamil Nadu, India. Dr. K.V. Soundararaja Associate Professor (Research Supervisor) PG & Research Department of Commerce South Travancore Hindu College, Nagercoil – 629 002. Affiliated to Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Abishekapatti, Tirunelveli – 627 012, Tamil Nadu, India. Abstract: Tourism is a fountain of wealth. India is favored by the tourists. It is a perennial source of income for India economic benefits. The benefits that accrue from tourism are immense. It is emerging as a growing sector. Our economy is largely dependent on tourism. Tourism creates enormous employment opportunities. The objectives of the study are to identify the factors that motivate tourists for tour and attraction for tourist and their satisfaction level. The type of research used for this study is descriptive research design. The area covered under this study was Theni. Due to high population and need for variety of respondents, convenient sampling method was chosen. The sample size was fifty. Keywords: Benefits, Motivating Tourism, Entertainment, Problems in Tourism. Introduction Tourism is important as it is an instrument for economic development and employment generation, particularly in remote and backward areas. It is the largest services industry globally in term of gross revenue as well as foreign exchange earnings. Tourism plays an important and effective role in achieving the growth with equity objectives. Tourism is one economic sector in India that has the potential to grow at a higher rate and ensure consequential development of infrastructure at the destinations. It has the capacity to capitalize on the country’s success in the services sectors and provide sustainable models of growth. Unlike other industries, it has to depend largely on a number of allied industries like hotels, restaurants, transport etc. It is therefore, properly called a combination of interrelated industry. In many instances the economic factors of tourism are more influential than the environment impacts in deciding how a specific nature resource may be developed` Direct Benefits Increased revenue and employment Economic opportunities for peripheral regions Tourism stimulates the national income Volume 7, Issue XII, December/2018 Page No:1298 International Journal of Research ISSN NO:2236-6124 Indirect Benefits High multiplier effect, revenue and employment Stimulation of mass tourism Support for cultured heritage tourism Economic benefit from protected areas Statement of the Problem Theni District taken for the study has enormous potentiality for tourism. As a result, through tourism industry, it can contribute to the economics of the district and the state. It could not flourish up to the mark expected. Hence, it is necessary to study the strategic promotional approaches to be undertaken in the remedies to overcome the problems or limitations identified. Tourism industry is a booming industry that enriches knowledge, brings social development and economic growth also. This industry has tremendous capacity to create the important aspect of assessing the economic impact of every country like employment generation, foreign exchange earnings, income generation and output growth. Tourism has exposed destination in developing countries to the behavior and values of visitor from foreign cultures. Previously, people used to tour mainly on pilgrimage. At present this growing tourism sector is plagued by a number of factors and there are lots of problems faced by tourists during their tour due to poor facilities, uncertainties, cleanliness, un-safety, government’s apathy, poor infrastructure, law and order problem, visa problem, poor sanitary conditions and pollution. Objectives To find out the factors which motivate tourists for tour. To analyze the problems faced by the tourists and to offer suggestion based on the findings of the study. Review of Literature INE COTEURE (2016), explored minimum availability of information which is to evaluate the farming sustainability and strategies. He has developed two dimensional frame works to understand the environment and design strategies. JAVIER ESPARCIA (2014) analyzed the importance of public sector which can support the formation of cluster development. His findings clearly elaborate innovation particularly in the industries like food product, energy and environmental. ELEONORA PANTANO, LOREDANA DI PIETRO (2013) say that the aim of this paper is to advance their knowledge on the extent to which tourist use social network for both achieving information on possible destinations and for expressing negative judgment, in order to figure out the main consequence of tourism markers and possible solutions, as well as to describe the current shift from e-tourism to f-tourism (from tourism based on e-tourism to a new tourism based on face book). SADEH, ASGARI, MOUSAVI AND SADEH (2012) in their paper “Factors Affecting Tourist Satisfaction and its Consequences” identified image of the destination, tourist expectations, and perceived value to be influential factors on satisfaction. Furthermore, the study that satisfaction decreases the tourist’s complaints which finally end in loyalty. Volume 7, Issue XII, December/2018 Page No:1299 International Journal of Research ISSN NO:2236-6124 Research Methodology The present study is based on both primary and secondary data. The primary data was collected from the Tourists, through interview schedules. The secondary data was collected from the official publications of the tourism department, district tourism, magazines, journals, newspapers various websites, books and research reports. Research methodology enlightens the methods to be followed in research works starting from investigation to presentation of research report. The research methodology focuses on the method to be adopted at various stages in the research process. It includes collection of data sampling and tools of analysis. Data Collection In this survey, the primary data was obtained by structured questionnaire. The secondary data was collected through various literature review and articles. Sampling The present study is based on both primary data and secondary data. The primary data were collected from tourists who visited Theni district. A well structure interview schedule was prepared and used collect the data. In Theni district there are more number of tourists sports. Some the most important and very familiar tourist sports are Vaigai Dam, Suruli falls, Manjalaru Dam, Megamalai hill Vellappar temple legend and Kumbakkarai falls data were collected at the rate of 50 respondents from each tourist spot using convenient sampling method. Tools of Analysis The data have been analyzed through a statistical tools namely the Chi-square test, Garrett ranking technique, factor analysis and percentage analysis. Factor analysis chi – square apply find out factors motivating the respondents to go for tour. Garrett Ranking technique to rank is applied to analysis the problem faced by the tourists in the place. Table 1: Rotated Factor Matrix for the Variables Motivating Tourism in Theni District Sl.No Variable F1 F2 F3 F4 1 To get entertainment 0.834 .220 -0.102 0.052 2 To celebrate festival and event 0.736 -0.175 -0.046 -0.074 3 To develop friends /relatives 0.661 0.141 -0.249 0.387 4 To enjoy boating 0.626 0.127 -0.347 -0.254 5 To get excitement 0.172 0.822 0.287 -0.124 6 For romance -0.011 0.783 -0.096 -0.093 7 For enjoyment 0.215 -0.697 0.458 -0.113 8 To create love and affection 0.325 0.678 0.314 -0.144 9 To have pleasure and fun -0.210 -0.069 0.748 0.159 10 To refresh body and mind 0.274 -0.288 -0.693 0.072 11 To purchase different type of cosmetics 0.189 -0.049 -0.034 0.817 12 To enjoy good variety of food -0.310 -0.195 0.190 0.719 Source: Primary Data Extraction method: Principal Component Analysis Rotation method: Vari Max with Kaiser Normalization Rotation Converged in 4 iterations Volume 7, Issue XII, December/2018 Page No:1300 International Journal of Research ISSN NO:2236-6124 Table 1, exhibits the rotated factor loading for twelve Statements (attributes) of tourism forming. It is clear that all these twelve statements have been extracted into five factors. These variables define factor1. With their factor loading and community for motivation to tour in the study area as given in table Table 2: Factors – 1 Entertainment Sl. No Variable Factor loading Community Cronbach's Alpha 1 To get entertainment 0.835 0.757 2 To celebrate festival and event 0.736 0.579 0.827 3 To meet friends/ relatives 0.661 0.669 4 To enjoy boating 0.626 0.592 Source: Primary Data. It is observed from table that the variables of motivation such as: to get entertainment, to celebrate festivals & event, to meet friends / relatives, to enjoy boating, constitute factor 1 with higher factor loading. The higher value of community for the four variables indicate that higher amount of variable is explained by the extracted factors. These include four extracted factors. The four variables included explain this factor to the extent of 82.7 per cent. Problems in Tourism In any organization, there used to be inherent problems in spite of which the organization would be functioning well. To elicit information about difficulties and problems faced by hill tourism, a questionnaire was administered among the hill tourists. This method was suggested by Garret for converting ranks into scores when number of items ranked differed from respondent to respondent. The per cent of each rank is found by using the formula. Per cent position = 100 (Rij- 0.5) / Nj Where th Rij= Rank given to i individual th Nj= number of factor ranked by j individual By referring to the table given by Garret, the position estimated is converted into scores.
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