Magisterarbeit / Master's Thesis

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Magisterarbeit / Master's Thesis MAGISTERARBEIT / MASTER’S THESIS Titel der Magisterarbeit / Title of the Master‘s Thesis „Player Characters in Plattform-exklusiven Videospielen“ verfasst von / submitted by Christof Strauss Bakk.phil. BA BA MA angestrebter akademischer Grad / in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Magister der Philosophie (Mag. phil.) Wien, 2019 / Vienna 2019 Studienkennzahl lt. Studienblatt / UA 066 841 degree programme code as it appears on the student record sheet: Studienrichtung lt. Studienblatt / Magisterstudium Publizistik- und degree programme as it appears on Kommunikationswissenschaft the student record sheet: Betreut von / Supervisor: tit. Univ. Prof. Dr. Wolfgang Duchkowitsch 1. Einleitung ....................................................................................................................... 1 2. Was ist ein Videospiel .................................................................................................... 2 3. Videospiele in der Kommunikationswissenschaft............................................................ 3 4. Methodik ........................................................................................................................ 7 5. Videospiel-Genres .........................................................................................................10 6. Geschichte der Videospiele ...........................................................................................13 6.1. Die Anfänge der Videospiele ..................................................................................13 6.2. Spielhalle, Videospiel-Crash und Heimcomputer ....................................................15 6.3. Playstation, Lara Croft, GTA und Half-Life ..............................................................19 6.4. Im neuen Millennium ..............................................................................................22 6.5. Die aktuelle Konsolengeneration ............................................................................27 6.6. Videospielgeschichte und ihr Einfluss auf die aktuelle Konsolengeneration ...........28 7. Exklusivtitel und unterschiedliche Formen von Exklusivität ............................................29 7.1. Voll-exklusiv ...........................................................................................................29 7.2. Plattform-exklusiv ...................................................................................................29 7.3. Konsolen-exklusiv ..................................................................................................30 7.4. Zeitlich exklusiv ......................................................................................................30 7.5. Zubehör-exklusiv ....................................................................................................30 7.6. Der Stellenwert von Exklusivtitel.............................................................................31 8. First-Party oder Third-Party Entwicklerstudio? ...............................................................33 8.1. Wer stellt Exklusivtitel her.......................................................................................34 9. Auswahlkriterien ............................................................................................................37 10. Ausgewählte Spiele ...................................................................................................39 11. Forschungsfragen ......................................................................................................40 12. Beschreibung der Spiele ............................................................................................41 12.1. Killzone: Shadow Fall..........................................................................................42 12.2. Knack .................................................................................................................45 12.3. Infamous Second Son.........................................................................................48 12.4. The Last of Us Remastered ................................................................................50 12.5. Infamous First Light ............................................................................................53 12.6. SingStar: Ultimate Party ......................................................................................55 12.7. Driveclub.............................................................................................................57 12.8. LittleBigPlanet 3 ..................................................................................................59 12.9. The Order: 1886 .................................................................................................62 12.10. Bloodborne .........................................................................................................64 12.11. God of War III Remastered .................................................................................66 12.12. Until Dawn ..........................................................................................................67 12.13. Tearaway Unfolded .............................................................................................74 12.14. Uncharted The Nathan Drake Collection .............................................................76 12.15. Gravity Rush Remastered ...................................................................................81 12.16. Ratchet & Clank ..................................................................................................82 12.17. Uncharted 4: A Thief’s End .................................................................................85 12.18. The Last Guardian ..............................................................................................88 12.19. Gravity Rush 2 ....................................................................................................90 12.20. Horizon Zero Dawn .............................................................................................92 12.21. Wipeout Omega Collection .................................................................................94 12.22. Uncharted: The Lost Legacy ...............................................................................96 12.23. Everybody's Golf .................................................................................................98 12.24. Matterfall .............................................................................................................99 12.25. Knack II ............................................................................................................ 100 12.26. Gran Turismo Sport .......................................................................................... 102 12.27. Shadow of the Colossus ................................................................................... 103 12.28. God of War ....................................................................................................... 105 12.29. Marvel’s Spider-Man ......................................................................................... 107 13. Beantwortung der Forschungsfragen ....................................................................... 110 14. Fazit ......................................................................................................................... 122 15. Literatur ................................................................................................................... 123 16. Abbildungsverzeichnis ............................................................................................. 134 17. Anhang ........................................................................................................................ I 17.1. Datenauswertung .................................................................................................. I 17.2. Abstract ............................................................................................................... II 17.3. Abstract (Englisch) ............................................................................................... II 1. Einleitung Die Umsatzzahlen der Videospielbranche deuten darauf hin, dass Videospiele längst kein Nischenprodukt sind, das nur wenige Menschen konsumieren. Einer der grundlegendsten Bestandteile aller Geschichten – und somit auch von Videospielen – sind ihre Protagonisten. Bei Videospielen spricht man auch vom Player Character, also jener Figur oder jenem Objekt, welches vom Spieler gesteuert wird und dadurch eine besondere Rolle einnimmt und mit dem sich der Spieler oftmals identifiziert. Vor dem Hintergrund der Identifikation und der Diskussionen rund um Sexismus und Rassismus in der Videospielszene in den letzten Jahren, hat sich der Autor dazu entschlossen, sich in einer komparatistischen, qualitativen Analyse mit quantitativen Elementen mit dem Geschlecht, der Hautfarbe und den Handlungsmöglichkeiten der Player Characters und deren Verteilung in den letzten Jahren auseinanderzusetzen und diese mit demographischen Statistiken der Spieler in Bezug zu setzen. Untersucht werden dabei die Player Characters der Playstation 4 Plattform, da diese die größte Verbreitung hat. Damit kann auch davon ausgegangenen werden, dass die ausgewählten Spiele auch tatsächlich von einer größeren Anzahl an Spielern gespielt werden. 1 2. Was ist ein Videospiel Der Begriff Videospiel verfügt über keine eindeutige Definition;
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