Soft Sensitive Clays
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Sediment Properties of Pantai Punggur
SEDIMENT PROPERTIES OF PANTAI PUNGGUR 1ZARINA MD ALI, 2LAI WAI TAN, 3SYED MOHD MOHARJIR SYED TAHAR, 4AYU FADILLAH ABD HAKIMD Department of Water and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 86400 Batu Pahat, Johor E-mail: [email protected] Abstract- Pantai Punggur or Punggur beach is one of the critically eroded locations identified along the south-west coast of Peninsular Malaysia. Before erosion mitigation is proposed, initial investigations including the determination of sediment properties along the shore should be made. In this study, pantai Punggur has been found to be a very mild-sloped mud flat with slope between 1:400 and 1:1000. From the soil samples collected along the shoreline in 2012 and 2013, Punggur beach is classified as having marine-clay sand with 75.83% to 122.63% moisture content and 2.2% to 11.2% organic content. Along the landward limit of the nearshore zone, the sediment consisted of well-graded sand while along the seaward limit, the sediment consisted of marine clay. Specific gravity for the sand is found to be between 1.1 and 1.85, while for the marine clay is 2.62. Based on Stokes’ equation, the settling velocities obtained for sand samples are between 0.020 m/s and 1.197 m/s, and for clay samples are between 7.15 107 m/s to 3.23 105 m/s. Keywords- Erosion; marine clay sand; Punggur; sediment properties I. INTRODUCTION Tampok (Ahmad, 2009). Malaysia coastline faces problems of over-fishing, Due to the wind shield by the Sumatera, the west coast pollution, coral reef destruction, deforestation, and of Peninsular Malaysia is characterized by mud flat erosion, among others. -
Downloaded from the Online Library of the International Society for Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering (ISSMGE)
INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR SOIL MECHANICS AND GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING This paper was downloaded from the Online Library of the International Society for Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering (ISSMGE). The library is available here: https://www.issmge.org/publications/online-library This is an open-access database that archives thousands of papers published under the Auspices of the ISSMGE and maintained by the Innovation and Development Committee of ISSMGE. 11/1 Stability of Natural Slopes in Quick Clays Stabilite des Pentes dans I'Argile Sensible G. AAS Civil Engineer, Norwegian G eotechnical Institute, O slo, Norway SYNOPSIS This paper attempts to explain the frequently occur ring flake- type quick clay landslides, characterize d by the ’arge volumes involved and by a sudden and very rapid fai lure along a nearly horizontal sliding surface. A conventiontional effective stress analysis based on a potential sliding surface and pore pressures p rior to failure is unable to express the risk of sliding. It seems pos sible, however, to determine a limit value of the s hear stress acting along such a sliding surface. This critical shear s tress implies that the clay will start yielding when subjected to any undrained load increment. Such critical shear stres s values have been determined by direct simple shea r tests, and are compared to the average shear stress along the slid ing surface calculated for a number of previous qui ck clay slides. INTRODUCTION vertical effective stress <Jn and a horizontal effective stress Ko*cr,j both principal stresses Statistically, at intervals of about four years, la rge quick clay slides involving clay masses of the orde r of millions of m^ occur in Norway. -
Geotechnical and Geologic Constraints on Tsunamigenic Submarine Landslides
GEOTECHNICAL AND GEOLOGIC CONSTRAINTS ON TSUNAMIGENIC SUBMARINE LANDSLIDES H.J. LEE U.S. Geological Survey, 345 Middlefield Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025 USA Abstract Modeling submarine-landslide-induced tsunamis requires many simplifications of the landslide process, although the real world is much more complicated. Clearly tsunami modelers cannot consider all facets, but there is value in being aware of the complications. This paper describes the many environments in which submarine landslides can occur and the triggers that typically initiate them. Earthquakes acting on continental or canyon slopes comprise probably the most common scenario but many other combinations of environments and triggers are possible. Surprisingly, many sediment-covered slopes in highly seismically active areas have not failed. A possible explanation for this phenomenon is a process called “seismic strengthening.” The existence of such a process reduces somewhat the risk of landslide tsunamis along active margins while maintaining the risk along passive margins. Once a trigger has initiated a landslide in one of the vulnerable environments, failed masses begin to move downslope. Depending upon initial density state, the masses may convert into fluid-like sediment flows or even more dilute turbidity currents. A model for quantifying the tendency to flow is provided. Finally, a case study of the landslides and landslide tsunamis that occurred in Port Valdez, Alaska, during the 1964 Great Alaska Earthquake is provided. The excellent data base, including before and after bathymetry, shows that both large rigid block motion and mobilized sediment flows can occur near each other during the same event. The intact blocks are more efficient in producing tsunamis but the sediment flow can move farther and can erode and entrain considerable bottom sediment as they progress across the seafloor. -
Effect of Polypropylene Fibre on Compressibility and Swelling Behaviour of Soft Clay
Special Issue - 2016 International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT) ISSN: 2278-0181 NCCETCE - 2016 Conference Proceedings Effect of Polypropylene Fibre on Compressibility and Swelling Behaviour of Soft Clay Neethu T. M1 Dr. Abdu Rahiman.K.U2 Student : Dep of Civil Engg. Assistant Professor : Dep of Civil Engg. School of Engineering CUSAT School of Engineering CUSAT Cochin Cochin Abstract:- The soil is reinforced with polypropylene fibre is shear strength and high compressibility. Improvement of modified method to develop in recent years. It is a synthetic type certain desired properties like bearing capacity, shear fibre. Many studies have being reported in the literature on the Strength (c and Φ) and permeability characteristics of soil can performance evaluation of clayey soil. Although sample studies be undertaken by a variety of ground improvement have being reported with randomly distributed fibres, relatively techniques such as the use of prefabricated vertical drains or less amount of work is found in respect of polypropylene fibres with Cochin marine clay. The sample is prepared in the field soil stabilization. Incorporating reinforcement inclusions condition. Then the soil is reinforced with varying fibre within soil is also an effective and reliable technique in order percentage and fibre length (F=0%,0.1%,0.2%,0.3%,fibre to improve the engineering properties of soil. In comparison length =30mm,6mm,9mm,120mm).The experimental with conventional geosynthetics (strips, geotextile, geogrid, investigation being undertaken for the performance evaluation etc.), there are some advantages in using randomly distributed of polypropylene fibre- marine clay is reported ,evaluated the fibre as reinforcement.. effect of polypropylene fibre on swell and compressibility of the clay. -
Landslide Risks in the Göta River Valley in a Changing Climate
Landslide risks in the Göta River valley in a changing climate Final report Part 2 - Mapping GÄU The Göta River investigation 2009 - 2011 Linköping 2012 The Göta River investigation Swedish Geotechnical Institute (SGI) Final report, Part 2 SE-581 93 Linköping, Sweden Order Information service, SGI Tel: +46 13 201804 Fax: +46 13 201914 E-mail: [email protected] Download the report on our website: www.swedgeo.se Photos on the cover © SGI Landslide risks in the Göta River valley in a changing climate Final report Part 2 - Mapping Linköping 2012 4 Landslide risks in the Göta älv valley in a changing climate 5 Preface In 2008, the Swedish Government commissioned the Swedish Geotechnical Institute (SGI) to con- duct a mapping of the risks for landslides along the entire river Göta älv (hereinafter called the Gö- ta River) - risks resulting from the increased flow in the river that would be brought about by cli- mate change (M2008/4694/A). The investigation has been conducted during the period 2009-2011. The date of the final report has, following a government decision (17/11/2011), been postponed until 30 March 2012. The assignment has involved a comprehensive risk analysis incorporating calculations of the prob- ability of landslides and evaluation of the consequences that could arise from such incidents. By identifying the various areas at risk, an assessment has been made of locations where geotechnical stabilising measures may be necessary. An overall cost assessment of the geotechnical aspects of the stabilising measures has been conducted in the areas with a high landslide risk. -
Assessment of Liquefaction/Cyclic Failure Potential of Alluvial Deposits on the Eastern Coast of Cyprus
Missouri University of Science and Technology Scholars' Mine International Conferences on Recent Advances 2010 - Fifth International Conference on Recent in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Soil Dynamics Engineering and Soil Dynamics 26 May 2010, 4:45 pm - 6:45 pm Assessment of Liquefaction/Cyclic Failure Potential of Alluvial Deposits on the Eastern Coast of Cyprus Huriye Bilsel Eastern Mediterranean University, Cyprus Goknur Erhan Eastern Mediterranean University, Cyprus Turan Durgunoglu Bogazici University, Turkey Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsmine.mst.edu/icrageesd Part of the Geotechnical Engineering Commons Recommended Citation Bilsel, Huriye; Erhan, Goknur; and Durgunoglu, Turan, "Assessment of Liquefaction/Cyclic Failure Potential of Alluvial Deposits on the Eastern Coast of Cyprus" (2010). International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics. 3. https://scholarsmine.mst.edu/icrageesd/05icrageesd/session01/3 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 4.0 License. This Article - Conference proceedings is brought to you for free and open access by Scholars' Mine. It has been accepted for inclusion in International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics by an authorized administrator of Scholars' Mine. This work is protected by U. S. Copyright Law. Unauthorized use including reproduction for redistribution requires the permission of the copyright holder. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ASSESSMENT OF LIQUEFACTION/CYCLIC FAILURE POTENTIAL OF ALLUVIAL DEPOSITS ON THE EASTERN COAST OF CYPRUS Huriye Bilsel Goknur Erhan Turan Durgunoglu Eastern Mediterranean University Eastern Mediterranean University P.E., Ph.D., F. ASCE Famagusta- N. -
A Multidisciplinary Geophysical and Geotechnical Investigation of Quick
A multidisciplinary geophysical and geotechnical investigation of quick clay landslides in Sweden Alireza Malehmir*, Silvia Salas Romero, Chunling Shan, Emil Lundberg and Christopher Juhlin, Uppsala University; Mehrdad Bastani and Lena Persson, Geological Survey of Sweden; Charlotte Krawczyk and Ulrich Polom, Leibniz Institute for Applied Geophysics; Anna Adamczyk and Michal Malinowski, Polish Academy of Sciences; Marcus Gurk, University of Cologne; Nazli Ismail, Syiah Kuala University Summary (SEG) through its Geoscientists Without Borders (GWB) program sponsored a study of the geophysical properties Landslides are one of the most commonly occurring natural associated with quick-clay landslides in order to provide disasters. They claim hundreds of human lives and cost tools and techniques to mitigate risks associated with them. billions of dollars every year. In order to provide An area near the Göta River in southwest Sweden, which geophysical tools and techniques to better characterize sites was the scene of a quick clay landslide about 40 years ago, prone to slide, we have been carrying out and evaluating was chosen as the experimental site (Malehmir et al., potential utility of several geophysical surveys over a quick 2013a,b). Göta River (Fig. 1) is the source of drinking clay landslide site in southwest Sweden since 2011. The water for about 700,000 people and is used extensively for measurements include 2D and 3D P- and S-wave high industrial transportation. Therefore, areas near the river are resolution surface seismics, radio- and controlled-source highly industrialized and populated. electromagnetics, geoelectrics, ground gravity and magnetic surveys. A particular focus here is given to the seismic studies in the site. -
Stabilization of Marine Clay Soil Using Polyurethane
MATEC Web of Conferences 250, 01004 (2018) https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201825001004 SEPKA-ISEED 2018 Stabilization of Marine Clay Soil Using Polyurethane Samaila Saleh1 & *, Nur Zurairahetty Mohd Yunus2, Kamarudin Ahmad3 and Nazri Ali4 1Postgraduate Researcher, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Malaysia 2Senior Lecturer, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Malaysia 3 & 4 Associate Professor, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Malaysia *Corresponding author: [email protected] Abstract. Many chemicals stabilisation techniques are being employed all over the world to improve the engineering and physical properties of the problematic soils and reduce the potential damages caused by them. Out of those chemical stabilisation technics, application of Polyurethane to improve the strength of marine clay was investigated in the laboratory. Characterization of the soil geotechnical properties was carried out by conducting laboratory test that includes natural moisture content, Atterberg limits, grains sizes analyses, specific gravity, moisture-density relationship, unconfined compressive strength (UCS), organic matter content and PH tests. Unconfined compressive strength test at optimum moisture content with varying the dose of the Polyurethane content was conducted to test the effectiveness of Polyurethane as a chemical stabiliser. The result of the preliminary tests of the sample shows that the soil has a liquid limit of 65%, plastic limit of 26% and plasticity index of 53%. The percentages of gravel, sand and fines in the marine clay sample were 0 %, 1.32 % and 98.68 % respectively %. The results of the UCS test also revealed that Polyurethane stabilisation improved the strength of marine clay by 230%. -
Overconsolidated Clays: Shales
TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD 873 Overconsolidated Clays: 11 Shales 001411672 Transportation Research Record Issue : 873 - ------ - --------------1 ~IT"ID TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH BOARD NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES 1982 TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH BOARD EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE Officers DARRELL V MANNING, Chairman LAWRENCE D. DAHMS, Vice Chairman THOMAS B. DEEN, Executive Director Members RAY A. BARNHART, JR., Administrator, Federal Highway Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation (ex officio) FRANCIS B. FRANCOIS, Executive Director, American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (ex officio) WILLIAM J. HARRIS, JR., Vice President, Research and Test Depart1111mt, Association of American Raili'oads (ex officio) J. LYNN HFLMS, Admi11istro1or, Ji'f!deral A11iatio11 Admi11is1ratio11, U.S. D<:par/111(1 111 of 1'rrmsportation (ex officio) Tl IOMAS D. LARSON, Secretory of '/)'a11spor1a/io11, Pen11sylva11ia Deµart111 e111 of 1'ra11sporration (ex officio, Past Chair111an , 1981) RAYMOND A. PECK, JR., Administrator, National Highway Traffic Safety Ad111i11ls1rotio11, U.S. Department of 'f'ronsporta1io11 (ex officio) ARTHUR E. TEELE, JR., Administrator, Urban Mass Transportation Admi11istrotio11, U.S. Deparrmenr of Tro11spor1ation (ex officio) CHARLEY V. WOOTAN, Director, Texas Transportation Institute, Texas A&M University (ex officio, Past Chairman, 1980) GEORGE J. BEAN, Director of Aviation, Hillsborough County (F1orida) Aviation Authority JOHN R. BORCHERT, Professor, Department of Geography, University of Minnesota RICHARD P. BRAUN, Commissioner, Minnesota Deportment of Transportation ARTHUR J. BRUEN, JR., Vice President, Con tinentol Illinois National Bank and Trust Company of Chicago JOSEPH M. CLAPP, Senior Vice President and Member, Board of Directors, Roadway Express, Inc. ALAN G. DUSTIN, President, Chief Executive, and Chief Operating Officer, Boston and Maine Corporation ROBERT E. FARRIS, Commissioner, Tennessee Department of 1'ronsportation ADRIANA GIANTURCO, Director, California Department of Transportation JACK R. -
Appendix A. Basic Information About Landslides 60 the Landslide Handbook—A Guide to Understanding Landslides
Appendix A. Basic Information about Landslides 60 The Landslide Handbook —A Guide to Understanding Landslides Part 1. Glossary of Landslide Terms Full references citations for glossary are at the end of the list. alluvial fan An outspread, gently sloping Digital Terrain Model (DTM) The term used Geographic Information System (GIS) A mass of alluvium deposited by a stream, by United States Department of Defense and computer program and associated data bases especially in an arid or semiarid region other organizations to describe digital eleva- that permit cartographic information (includ- where a stream issues from a narrow canyon tion data. (Reference 3) ing geologic information) to be queried onto a plain or valley floor. Viewed from drawdown Lowering of water levels in riv- by the geographic coordinates of features. above, it has the shape of an open fan, the ers, lakes, wells, or underground aquifers due Usually the data are organized in “layers” apex being at the valley mouth. (Reference 3) to withdrawal of water. Drawdown may leave representing different geographic entities such as hydrology, culture, topography, and bedding surface/plane In sedimentary or unsupported banks or poorly packed earth so forth. A geographic information system, stratified rocks, the division planes that sepa- that can cause landslides. (Reference 3) or GIS, permits information from different rate each successive layer or bed from the electronic distance meter (EDM) A device layers to be easily integrated and analyzed. one above or below. It is commonly marked that emits ultrasonic waves that bounce off (Reference 3) by a visible change in lithology or color. -
4.5.1 Mapping of Quick Clay Zones ...43
No. 1 BI Norwegian Business School - campus Oslo GRA 19703 Master Thesis Thesis Master of Science Investigating key drivers of institutional change in natural hazards fields: An empirical study of quick clay management in Norway ID number: 1023050, 1023092 Start: 15.01.2020 09.00 Finish: 01.09.2020 12.00 No. 1 GRA 19703 1023050 1023092 ID number: 1023050 ID number: 1023092 Investigating key drivers of institutional change in natural hazards fields: An empirical study of quick clay management in Norway Hand-in date: 22.07.2020 Campus: BI Oslo Study program: MSc in Business - Major in Strategy Supervisor: Lena Elisabeth Bygballe No. 1 GRA 19703 1023050 1023092 Table of contents TABLE OF CONTENTS................................................................................................................. I LIST OF FIGURES AND TABLES ............................................................................................ III ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ............................................................................................................ IV ABSTRACT .................................................................................................................................... V 1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................. 1 2 LITERATURE REVIEW ..................................................................................................... 3 2.1 INSTITUTIONAL CHANGE ........................................................................................................ -
The Turnagain Heights Landslide in Anchorage, Alaska
SOIL MECHANICS AND BITUMINOUS MATERIALS RESEARCH LABORATORY THE TURNAGAIN HEIGHTS LANDSLIDE IN ANCHORAGE, ALASKA by H. BOLTON SEED and STANLEY D. WILSON DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING INSTITUTE OF TRANSPORTATION AND TRAFFIC ENGINEERING University of California · Berkeley THE TURNAGAIN,HEIGHTS LANDSLIDE IN ANCHORAGE, ALASKA by 1 H. Bolton Seed and Stanley D. Wilson2 1. Professor of Civil Engineering, University of California, Berkeley. 2. Vice-President, Shannon & Wilson, Inc., Seattle, Washington. The Turnagain Heights Landslide in Anchorage, Alaska by H. Bolton Seed and Stanley D. Wilson Description of the Slide During the Alaskan earthquake of March 27, 1964 ~number of major 1 2 slides occurred in the City of Anchorage. • The largest of these slides I was.that along the coastline in the Turnagain Heights area. An aerial view of the slide is shown in Fig. la and a plan of the slide area in Fig. 3. The coast line in this area was marked by bluffs some 70 feet high, sloping at about 1-1/2:1 down to the bay. The slide extended about 8500 feet from west to east along the bluff-line and retrogressed inward from the coast a distance of about 1200 feet at the west end and about 600 feet at the east end. The total area within the slide zone was thus about 130 acres. Within the slide area the original ground surface was completely devastated by displacements which broke up the ground into a complex system of ridges and depressions, producing an extremely irregular and hummocky surface. A general view of the central part of the slide area is shown in Fig.