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Final Report Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) State Planning Organization The Republic of Turkey THE STUDY ON THE REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN FOR THE EASTERN BLACK SEA REGION IN THE REPUBLIC OF TURKEY (DOKAP) Final Report Volume III Economic Sectors October 2000 NIPPON KOEI CO., LTD. RECS INTERNATIONAL INC. LIST OF REPORTS (This Volume is indicated by ) Volume I Executive Summary Volume II Master Plan Volume III Economic Sectors Volume IV Social Sectors Volume V Environment Volume VI Spatial Development and Infrastructure Volume VII Institutional Development Volume VIII Project Reports Currency Equivalents US$ 1 = 462,280 TL 1,000 TL = US$0.00216 (September, 1999) THE STUDY ON THE REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN FOR THE EASTERN BLACK SEA REGION IN THE REPUBLIC OF TURKEY Final Report Volume III Economic Sectors Table of Contents page 1. AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................... 1-1 CHAPTER 2 PRESENT SITUATION....................................................................... 1-2 2.1 Demography.................................................................................................. 1-2 2.2 Economic Structure....................................................................................... 1-3 2.3 Natural Environment ..................................................................................... 1-4 2.3.1 Climate ............................................................................................ 1-4 2.3.2 Soil conditions ................................................................................. 1-7 2.3.3 Land capability classification ............................................................ 1-9 2.4 Agriculture.................................................................................................... 1-10 2.4.1 Agricultural land use ........................................................................ 1-10 2.4.2 Land holding.................................................................................... 1-11 2.4.3 Overall sector performance .............................................................. 1-14 2.4.4 Crop production............................................................................... 1-16 2.4.5 Livestock......................................................................................... 1-23 2.5 Forestry......................................................................................................... 1-26 2.5.1 Forest situation ................................................................................ 1-26 2.5.2 Silvicultural activities ....................................................................... 1-29 2.5.3 Afforestation and erosion control activities....................................... 1-30 2.5.4 Forest villages.................................................................................. 1-30 2.6 Agricultural and Forestry Support Services.................................................... 1-32 2.6.1 Irrigation.......................................................................................... 1-32 2.6.2 Research and development ............................................................... 1-35 2.6.3 Extension......................................................................................... 1-37 2.6.4 Credit .............................................................................................. 1-38 i CHAPTER 3 AGRICULTURAL AND FORESTRY DEVELOPMENT..................... 1-42 3.1 Institutions for Agricultural Development ...................................................... 1-42 3.1.1 Central government agencies............................................................ 1-42 3.1.2 Other agencies ................................................................................. 1-44 3.2 Plans and Programs ....................................................................................... 1-45 3.2.1 Central Government Project............................................................. 1-45 3.2.2 Provincial Government projects........................................................ 1-46 CHAPTER 4 STRATEGY FOR AGRICULTURAL AND FORESTRY DEVELOPMENT................................................................................. 1-49 4.1 Agriculture.................................................................................................... 1-49 4.2 Forestry......................................................................................................... 1-55 4.3 Regional Development Framework in Agricultural Sector.............................. 1-57 4.4 Development Scenario with Phasing .............................................................. 1-58 CHAPTER 5 PROJECTS AND PROGRAMS............................................................ 1-62 Table 1 Population of DOKAP and Turkey, 1990 and 1997................................ 1-2 Table 2 Share of GRDP by Sectors in DOKAP and Turkey, 1996....................... 1-3 Table 3 Monthly Average Temperature in DOKAP............................................. 1-5 Table 4 Monthly Average Humidity in DOKAP.................................................. 1-6 Table 5 Monthly Average Precipitation in DOKAP............................................. 1-6 Table 6 Land Area by Soil Groups in DOKAP ................................................... 1-7 Table 7 Distribution of Land Area by Land Capability Classes in DOKAP .......... 1-9 Table 8 Areal Distribution by Capability Classes and Limiting Factors in DOKAP................................................................................................ 1-10 Table 9 Agricultural Land Use in DOKAP and Turkey, 1996.............................. 1-11 Table 10 Number of Agricultural Holdings by Size in DOKAP............................. 1-12 Table 11 Distribution of Agricultural Holdings by Size in DOKAP....................... 1-12 Table 12 Agricultural Land Area by Holding Size in DOKAP............................... 1-13 Table 13 Average Agricultural Holding Size in DOKAP....................................... 1-13 Table 14 GRDP in Agricultural Sector in DOKAP and Turkey............................. 1-14 Table 15 GRDP in Agricultural Sector in DOKAP by Province, 1996................... 1-14 Table 16 Estimated GVA of Major Crops and Livestock in DOKAP, 1996........... 1-15 Table 17 Harvested Area of Field Crops, Vegetables and Tea in DOKAP and Turkey, 1996......................................................................................... 1-16 Table 18 Number of Fruit Bearing Trees in DOKAP and Turkey, 1996................. 1-17 Table 19 Yield of Major Field Crops in DOKAP and Turkey, 1996 ...................... 1-18 Table 20 Yield of Major Fruits in DOKAP and Turkey, 1996 ............................... 1-18 Table 21 Production of Major Field Crops and Tea in DOKAP and Turkey, 1996 ..................................................................................................... 1-19 ii Table 22 Production of Major Fruits in DOKAP and Turkey, 1996 ...................... 1-20 Table 23 Production of Major Vegetables in DOKAP and Turkey, 1996............... 1-20 Table 24 Amount of Chemical Fertilizer Used by Element in DOKAP and Turkey, 1996......................................................................................... 1-21 Table 25 Element Application Rate per Unit Area in DOKAP and Turkey, 1996 ..................................................................................................... 1-22 Table 26 Number of Tractors in DOKAP and Turkey, 1996 ................................. 1-22 Table 27 Number of Major Animals in DOKAP and Turkey, 1996........................ 1-23 Table 28 Animal Products in DOKAP and Turkey, 1996 ...................................... 1-25 Table 29 Forest Area by Type in DOKAP, 1999................................................... 1-26 Table 30 Share of Degraded Forest Area in DOKAP, 1999 .................................. 1-27 Table 31 Areal Distribution of Forests by Category in DOKAP, 1999 .................. 1-28 Table 32 Standing Volume of Forests by Category in DOKAP, 1999.................... 1-28 Table 33 Incremental Volume and Annual Allowable Cut of Production Forest in DOKAP, 1999................................................................................... 1-29 Table 34 Silvicultural Activities in DOKAP, 1994-1998 ....................................... 1-29 Table 35 Afforestation and Erosion Control Activities in DOKAP, 1994-1998 ..... 1-30 Table 36 Number of Village by Category in DOKAP ........................................... 1-30 Table 37 Population of Villages by Category in DOKAP, 1999............................. 1-31 Table 38 Area Suitable for Irrigation and Project Area in DOKAP ....................... 1-33 Table 39 Large Scale Irrigation Projects in DOKAP ............................................ 1-33 Table 40 Summary of Small Irrigation Projects under GDRS in DOKAP ............. 1-34 Table 41 Equity Contribution Ratio ..................................................................... 1-39 Table 42 Interest Rate and Maturity Period by Credit Type.................................. 1-40 Table 43 Agricultural Credits Extended by TCZB in DOKAP, 1998..................... 1-40 Table 44 Crops and Livestock Subsectors Strategies............................................ 1-53 Table 45 Projection of GVA in Agricultural Sector in DOKAP............................. 1-58 Table 46 Proposed Projects/Programs ................................................................
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