Number 301 • spring 2017

PowerT h e M a g a z i n e o f E n g i n e -P o w e r e d V e s s e l s f r o m t hShips e S t e a m s h i p H i s t o r i c a l S o c i e t y o f A m e r i c a

sshsa Ship USCG Cutter Yeof athe r INGHAM 48

Also in this issue

Decorative Innovator: The Stunning Ile de 8 Queen Mary 2: Remastering of a Monarch 20

Rotterdam’s Journey 28 The M/V Tustumena: Navigating Treacherous Waters 34

Sun Part II 40 Thanks to All Who Continue to Support SSHSA As of April 25, 2017

Fleet – $50,000+ Admiral – $25,000+ The Family of Helen & Henry Posner, Jr. The Dibner Charitable Maritime Heritage Grant Program Trust of

Ambassador – $10,000+ Benefactor ($5,000+) Mr. Thomas C. Ragan Mr. Richard Rabbett

Cunard Line Mr. Nicholas Langhart Mr. Robert Rubino Leader ($1,000+) Mr. Ian Danic Mr. Stephen Lash Schneider Electric Ms. Deborah Aiken & Mr. Tom Sepe Mr. Barry Eager Mr. Don Leavitt North American Foundation Amica Companies Foundation Mr. Donald Eberle Mr. H.F. Lenfest Mr. & Mrs. Matthew Schulte Mr. Charles Andrews Mr. & Mrs. Arthur Ferguson Mr. Ralph McCrea Mr. & Mrs. James Shuttleworth Mr. Jason Arabian Mr. Christopher Hamma CAPT & Mrs. James McNamara CAPT & Mrs. Terry Tilton Mr. James Berwind Mr. & Mrs. Robert Hughes CAPT & Mrs. Roland Parent Mr. Andy Tyska Mr. Douglas Bryan J. Aron Charitable Foundation CAPT Dave Pickering Mr. Joseph White CAPT John Cox Mr. Christopher Kolb Mr. Henry Posner III & Ms. Anne Molloy Mr. Peregrine White

Mr. Walter Giger Jr. Mrs. Gale Lucier Mr. & Mrs. Edwin Payton Sponsor ($250+) Mr. Roger Gill Mr. Jeff MacKlin Mr. Mark Perry Mr. Ronald Amos Mr. Warren Hagist Mr. & Mrs. John & Christine Madden Mr. Dwight Quella Mr. Daniel Blanchard Mr. & Mrs. John & Vera Harsh Mr. Frank Mauran Mr. Paul Rudolph Mrs. Kathleen Brekenfeld Mr. & Mrs. Glenn Hayes Mr. Daniel McCoy Mr. Todd Schaumloffel Mr. Odd Brevik Mr. Kevin Holland Dr. Laurence Miller Mr. Theodore Scull Mr. James Brown Mrs. Anne Ilacqua Mr. W. John Miottel Jr. Mr. George Shuster Mr. Steve Caminis Mr. Neil Jones Mrs. Harry Morgan Mr. Howard Smart Mr. Gabriel Caprio Jones Moving & Storage Morgan Stanley Community Affairs Mr. Thomas Smith Mr. Patrick Dacey Mr. Tom Jordens Mr. Thomas Mullen Mr. Cesare Sorio Mr. Thomas Diedrich CAPT Philip Kantz Mr. & Mrs. Robert Mullen Mr. Donn Spear Mr. William Donnell Mr. John Kennedy Mr. William Muller Mr. Edward Spinney Mr. Thomas Donoghue Mr. Murray Kilgour New Institute of Technology Sprintout Internet Services Mr. Steven Draper Mr. Peter Knego Mr. Carl R. Nold CAPT Eric Takakjian Mr. & Mrs. Bruce & Beth Dyer Ms. Joyce Krabach Mr. Brian Norden Mr. Steven Tise CAPT J.A. Ellis Mr. Keith Lewis Mr. Harry Olsen Mr. Kurt Voss Exxon Mobil Foundation Ms. Susan Linda Mr. Paul O’Pecko Mr. Eric Wiberg Mr. Dan Finamore CAPT Leif Lindstrom Mr. Ronald Oswald The Wolfsonian Mr. Henry Fuller Jr. Mr. & Mrs. Jeffrey & Sarah Lockhart Ms. Mary Payne Ms. Jean Wort

Prof. A.G.M. Campbell Mr. Gregory Gettle Mr. Jack McBride Ms. Kinda Priestley Contributor ($100+) Mr. David Clarendon Dr. Harold Goldfarb Mr. Christopher McCarty Mr. Clarence Rahn Mr. Gregory Abbott CDR Andrew Coggins Jr. Mr. Alan Gordon Mr. Kenneth Meaney Mr. Allan Reed Mr. Alan Abramson Mr. Nicholas Cooper CAPT Kenneth Graham Mr. Jeffrey Miller Mr. Robert Savarese Mr. Robert Alspach Ms. Carol Cooper Mr. Robert Gray III Mr. Wayne Miller Mr. Kenneth Schaller Mr. & Mrs. Eduardo Arini Mr. William Cosgrove Mr. Doug Hart Mr. & Mrs. Jerome & Lela Morgan Dr. & Mrs. Arthur Schoenwald Dr. John Arnold Mr. Tom Creigh Mr. Buell Hollister Mr. John Morgan Rev. Harry Shipps Mr. David Bailey Jr. Mr. David Davila CAPT Brian Hope Mr. Brian Morgan Mr. Britton Smith Mr. Harold Baker Mr. Christopher DeCamps Mr. Samuel James Jr. Mr. Lawrence Moss Mr. Mark Southern Professor Lester Bartson CAPT Robertson Dinsmore Mr. Bruce Kendrick Rev. Bart Muller Mr. Jerry Stewart Mr. David Bavlitschko Ms. Marjorie Dovman Mr. Robert Kessler Mr. Richard Muller Mr. Tom Stone Mr. & Mrs. Kevin Ms. Astrid Drew Mr. Alan Konzelman Dr. & Mrs. William Murphy Mr. David Sylvestre & Maureen Beaulieu Mr. Michael Dugan Mr. Earl Krantz Ms. Nori Muster Mr. Craig Thompson Mr. & Mrs. Vincent Bellafiore Mr. Andrew Edmonds Mr. Thomas Lavin Mr. Mark Nemergut Mr. Stephen Weaver Mr. Steven Bienenfeld Mr. & Mrs. William Edwards Dr. Peter Leahy Mr. William Nyberg Mr. Richard Weiss Mr. Philip Blauvelt Ms. Kathy Farnsworth Mr. Clayton Leroue Mr. Samuel Ohmacht Mr. Hubert Wicki Mr. A. Pierce Bounds Mr. Roger Field Mr. Bruce Lockhart Mr. James Onions Mr. Erwin Zimmermann Mr. Mark Bradley Dr. Jerry Fingerut Mr. Malcolm Long Mr. Hollis Paige Mr. Robert Zinman Mr. John Brandner Jr. CAPT George Fisher Mr. Don Luetje Mr. Paul Paisley Mr. Ford Brockman Mr. Michael Fisher Mr. Holger Lukas Mr. Peter Pare Mr. Andrew Burger Mr. Alan Flood Mr. Frank Mallalieu Mr. Miles Peterle Mr. James Burke Mr. Raymond Fredette Mariners' House Mr. Richard Placey Mr. David Butler Mr. Daniel Gallagher Dr. Gilbert McArdle Mr. David Powers Jr.

CAPT Phillip Bush II Mr. Glenn Frizzell Mr. Donald Martin Mr. Gregory Stavros Friend (Up to $100) Ms. Vivian & Janet Butler Ms. Lulu Gmoser CAPT Earl Maxfield Jr. Mr. & Mrs. William & Lynn Tatewosian Dr. George Abbot Ms. Alissa Cafferky Mr. John & Linda Goschke Mr. Walter McLaughlin Mr. Samuel Taylor Mr. George Adams Mr. Thomas Cannuli Mr. Norman Grant Mr. Avery Munson Mr. Richard Tennant Mr. Eugene Allen Ms. Paula Cardi Mr. Carol Hackmann Mr. Richard Mushet Mr. John Trtek Mr. Ronald Andersen Caterpillar Foundation Ms. Patricia Hartle Mr. Raisuke Numata Mr. Richard Vanaria Mr. Roger Angelo Charter Oak Credit Union Mr. John Hastings Mrs. Gina O'Connell Mr. John Vournakis Mr. Albert Antrobus Mr. Arthur Clarke III Mr. David Hill Ms. Catherine Covell Orloff CAPT John Wellington LCDR. Peter Baci Mr. Alan Cullen Mr. Robert Hlavaty Mr. Frederic Phinney Mr. Robert White Jr. Mr. John Baesch Mr. James Curtin Mr. Stanley Hodges Mr. Gary Raffaele Mr. Parker Williamson Mr. William Baxter Mr. Terry Curtis Mr. Donald Hunt Mr. Arnold Rathmann Mr. William Wooding Mr. Thomas Mr. Douglas Davis IBM Corporation Matching Mr. Donald Raymond CAPT Lawrence Worters Mr. Francis Birchard Mr. Douglas Dease Gifts Program Mr. Colin Revill Mr. Donald Yokum Dr. Kip Bodi Mr. John Delach Ms. June Ingram Ms. Tonya Ricketts Mr. Peter Young Mr. Edward Bohan Mr. & Mrs. David Dingley Mr. & Mrs. Les Isaacowitz Mrs. Irene Roberts Mr. Paul Yurko Mr. Charles Boie Mr. Steve Donohue Ms. Kyle Ingrid Johnson Mr. Brian Rogers Mr. George Zarvis Mr. Rick Brown Mr. Arild Ellingsen Mr. Michael Joynt Mr. James Royle Mr. Darryl Zoeckler Mr. Vincent Budesa Mr. Henry Erwin Jr. Mr. Derek Kendall Mr. Edward Ryan Mr. Robert Burgess Mr. John Ferguson Mr. George Koch Mr. John Sauter Mr. Edwin Burt Dr. & Mrs. William Flayhart III Ms. Alice La Brie Ms. Kay Schloff CAPT Stephen Busch Mr. Thomas Fowler Mr. Hugh MacKay CAPT W.D. Smith

n (At top) Officers, crew and others on deck of Romance a) Tennessee likely while running excursions from to Provincetown., SSHSA Archives. Powerthe magazine of theShips Historical Society of

manifest • N u m b e r 3 0 1 • sp r in g 2 0 17 This quarterly magazine has been continuously published The SSHSA annual by The Steamship Historical Society of America since first Awards 2016 appearing as The Steamboat Bill of Facts in 1940. Ship of the Year ...... 48 USCGC Ingham The Steamship Historical Society of America, Inc., of the Year . . . . .49 (SSHSA) was organized in 1935 Hercules as a means of bringing together Jay Allen Award ...... 50 those amateur and professional CAPT William Frappier historians interested in the Samuel Ward Stanton Award . 50 history and development of steam H .F . “Gerry” & navigation, past and present, and Marguerite Lenfest incorporated in the Commonwealth of in 1950 as a tax-exempt education corporation. The Pilot House . .4 Lives of the Liners: The In addition to PowerShips, Q&A with Stunning Ile de France Steamboat Bill . . 5 the SSHSA produces other books and by William H. Miller ...... 8 publications of marine interest, a Full Steam Ahead .6 list of which is available online and Regionals from the Warwick headquarters. Queen Mary 2: Remastering High Seas ...... 51 a Monarch Mid-Atlantic ...... 56 SSHSA meetings are normally by John A. Fostik, MBA ...... 20 ...... 58 held annually. Several local chapters also meet regularly. Overseas ...... 60 MS ’s Arctic New England & Membership in SSHSA includes Eastern . . . .62 subscriptions to PowerShips, the Journey by Lorraine Coons West Coast ...... 64 Telegraph, and Ahoy! Dues & Alexander Varias ...... 28 / Seaway . . 68 are in various classes, beginning at Southeast & Gulf Ports . 71 $50.00 for Annual Members. Southwest Pacific . . . . 74 The Courageous Tustumena For further details, write: Western Rivers . . . . . 77 by Scott MacDonald ...... 34 Steamship Historical . . . . .80 Society of America, Reviews . . . . . 83 2500 Post Road, Heard on Warwick, RI 02886 Sunoco Shipbuilding, Part 2 the Fantail . . . .85 by William D. Preston ...... 40 From the Visit our website at Collection . . . .86 www .sshsa org. On the cover USCGC Ingham on convoy duty during World War II. – Courtesy USCGC Ingham Memorial Museum. Above Superstructure details of the Ingham . – Photo by Matthew Schulte.

PowerShips (formerly titled Steamboat Bill) (ISSN 0039-0844)—founded in 1940 by Jay Allen—is published quarterly as a cooperative effort by the Steamship Historical Society of America, Inc., 2500 Post Road, Warwick, RI 02886, a non-profit organization dedicated to promoting the activities of marine historians in the field of self-propelled vessels. Material for possible publication is always welcome and should be sent to the editor; Jim Pennypacker, 4 Snead Ct., Palmyra, VA 22963. No remuneration can be made for such materials, and no responsibility for it is accepted, although every effort will be made for its safe handling. All contributions are subject to editing. Opinions expressed by contributors are not necessarily those of the Society; the burden for accuracy rests with the contributors. Contributors represent that they are the sole author of their Work, that the Work is an original work of authorship which does not infringe on the copyright rights of others, and that the author has the unencumbered right to publish the material . Subscription to PowerShips is by membership of $50 .00 (US$) per year in the Steamship Historical Society of America, Inc . $30 of each member’s dues goes toward receiving PowerShips . Single copies of available issues may be purchased . Periodical postage paid at Warwick, RI, and additional offices. POSTMASTER: Send address changes to SSHSA, 2500 Post Road, Warwick, RI 02886 USA. Phone +1 401 463 3570, fax +1 401 463 3572. No part of PowerShips may be reproduced or transmitted in any form by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system without written permission from the publisher . PowerShips Spring 2017 • 3 PowerShips editor-in-chief Jim Pennypacker 4 Snead Ct., Palmyra, VA 22963 Email: editor@sshsa .org Phone: +1 610.883.7988 The Pilot House associate editors Peter T. Eisele 74 Chatham Street, Chatham, NJ 07928 Email: highseaed@aol .com Ship of the Year, Ile de France, Dr. Laurence Miller 11321 SW 134th Avenue, , FL 33186 Queen Mary 2, and more… Email: MLarry15@aol .com contributors William G.T. Barber ted Blank ongratulations to all of the SSHSA Award Winners Charles H. Bogart David M. Boone Peter T. Eisele William A. Fox – Ship of the Year Award: USCG Cutter Ingham; Tug of the John A. Fostik geoffrey Hamer Year Award: Hercules; Samuel Ward Stanton Award for Lifetime Donald Leavitt James L. Shaw Mark Shumaker rich Turnwald Achievement: “Gerry” Lenfest and Marguerite Brooks Lenfest; Jay Julia Winters g. Justin Zizes CAllen Award for Distinguished Editorial Service: Captain William Frappier . editorial planning committee Jim Pennypacker Dr. Laurence Miller Check out the details inside . Richard Barwis roland Parent Jim Shuttleworth marifrances Trivelli Inside this Issue Mary L. Payne matthew Schulte Capt Terry Tilton • In Lives of the Liners, William Miller offers a brief history of the French art director Line’s transatlantic “dreamboat,” the 43,100-grt Ile de France, which was John Goschke, Cornerstone Media, Inc . Email: [email protected] commissioned in the spring of 1927 and was one of the most important liners of advertising sales the 20th century . Richard L. Barwis, IV, Cornerstone Media, Inc . p O. . Box 645, Ambler, PA 19002-0645 • John Fostik presents details on the recent Articles Wanted Email: [email protected] ambitious upgrade to the Queen Mary 2, which Phone: +1 215 540 9447 We’re continually looking for executive director & publisher remains the only true in operation Matthew S. Schulte, M.S. and still the longest, widest, tallest and articles for the upcoming issues of Email: mschulte@sshsa .org grandest ever built – a true monarch . PowerShips. If you would like printing to write an article, send me a note Perfection Press 1200 Industrial Drive, Logan, IA 51546 • Scott MacDonald tells the story of his trip ([email protected]) describing your aboard the M/V Tustumena, a venerable sshsa headquarters article idea and we’ll talk. In addition 2500 Post Road, Warwick, RI 02886 that navigates through Area 3A, one of the to articles on engine-powered ships of Email: [email protected] Phone: +1 401 463 3570 most violent stretches of ocean in the western Web: www .sshsa .org all kinds we’re interested in articles sshsa officers Gulf of Alaska . on Ocean Liners, Ship Design, Ship Mary L. Payne, President, Wallingford, PA Nicholas Langhart, Vice President, Jefferson, MA • William Preston concludes his account of Models, Merchant Marine, Ship Don Leavitt, Vice President, South Ryegate, VT Sunoco’s shipbuilding and shipping history, Preservation and Memorabilia. Of Barry W. Eager, Vice President, Berlin, MA Robert E. Hughes, Treasurer, New Rochelle, NY focusing on ships built after World War II, course, we welcome articles on all Capt Terry Tilton, Secretary, , CA especially the cargo vessel Adm. Wm. M. topics of interest to SSHSA members. sshsa board of directors Callaghan, the icebreaking , Odd Brevik, East Lyme, CT Capt James McNamara, Chatham, NJ and the CIA-backed Hughes . Dr. Laurence Miller, Miami, FL Paul O'Pecko, Westerly, RI • Lorraine Coons and Alexander Varias trace the route of the Vikings on CAPT David Pickering, Warwick, RI ’s MS Rotterdam on their voyage from Rotterdam to David L. Powers, Jr., Burien, WA Thomas Ragan, Miami Beach, FL Boston and rediscover her noble predecessor De Rotterdam . James Shuttleworth, Rowland Heights, CA CAPT Eric Takakjian, Fairhaven, MA Capt Eric Wiberg, Norwalk, CT From the Pilot House immediate past president Jim Pennypacker, Editor-in-Chief Erik Ryan, Narragansett, RI copy editors & staff Bryan Lucier, Membership Coordinator Karen Sylvia, Office Administrator Astrid Drew, Research & New Media Alissa Cafferky, Research Assistant Elaine Haytko, Advancement

4 • Spring 2017 PowerShips editor-in-chief Jim Pennypacker Questions & Answers with 4 Snead Ct., Palmyra, VA 22963 Email: editor@sshsa .org Phone: +1 610.883.7988 associate editors Steamboat Bill Peter T. Eisele lighthouse was built in 1848 . Before the 74 Chatham Street, Chatham, NJ 07928 n Edmond J . Moran, wrecked there she ran between Email: highseaed@aol .com Dr. Laurence Miller built in 1940. – SSHSA Chicago and Buffalo for the New York 11321 SW 134th Avenue, Miami, FL 33186 Archives. & Erie Railroad Company until 1853, Email: MLarry15@aol .com when her route changed to ports between contributors William G.T. Barber ted Blank Dunkirk and Toledo . By 1859 she was for Charles H. Bogart David M. Boone sale in Buffalo . Peter T. Eisele William A. Fox John A. Fostik geoffrey Hamer Donald Leavitt James L. Shaw Grandmother Arrived Mark Shumaker rich Turnwald Julia Winters g. Justin Zizes on Alleghany editorial planning committee I am in search of a ship that Jim Pennypacker Dr. Laurence Miller Richard Barwis roland Parent Qcarried my grandmother from Jim Shuttleworth marifrances Trivelli Cuba to New York in 1911. Her Ellis Mary L. Payne matthew Schulte Capt Terry Tilton Island entry says the ship was art director Alleghany. She said it was German John Goschke, Cornerstone Media, Inc . Whatever Happened to in Buffalo, New York . However, there is owned. Email: [email protected] the Edmond J. Moran? little evidence for a Gull Island and reef The Lloyd’s register for 1910/11 in advertising sales Richard L. Barwis, IV, Cornerstone Media, Inc . I’m interested in finding out in Lake . A history of St . Clair A SSHSA’s library has a few listings for p O. . Box 645, Ambler, PA 19002-0645 Qwhat happened to the Edmond County from 1883 lists the wreck as a ship called Alleghany, but only one was Email: [email protected] Phone: +1 215 540 9447 J. Moran. Who owned her and what occurring near a Gull Island in . German . She belonged to the - executive director & publisher was she called on the Great Lakes? This corresponds with the Great Lakes American Line, and was built in 1895 by r . Matthew S. Schulte, M.S. Email: mschulte@sshsa .org Is she still operational? Maritime Database, which lists this vessel Napier & Sons in Glasgow . She was a - printing The tug Edmond J. Moran was built in as having wrecked on the Mohawk Island screw steamship, 2,494 tons, and her signal Perfection Press A1940 by Pennsylvania Shipyards for reef in Lake Erie in 1862 . Mohawk Island letters were RMDp . She had three decks, 1200 Industrial Drive, Logan, IA 51546 the Moran Towing Company in New York . is a small, uninhabited island in Lake and her dimensions were (in feet, length x sshsa headquarters 2500 Post Road, Warwick, RI 02886 She served with the Navy from 1943 to Erie, part of Ontario, Canada, and was width x depth) 310 x 38 1. x 23 . Her captain Email: [email protected] Phone: +1 401 463 3570 1946 . In 1976 she was sold and her name formerly known as Gull Island, where a in this edition is listed as g . Meisner . Web: www .sshsa .org  sshsa officers was changed to Barbara Andrie . Her owner Mary L. Payne, President, Wallingford, PA was listed as Bultema Dock & Dredge, n Alleghany, of the Hamburg- Nicholas Langhart, Vice President, Jefferson, MA Don Leavitt, Vice President, South Ryegate, VT which reconstructed her for service on the American Line. – SSHSA Archives. Barry W. Eager, Vice President, Berlin, MA Great Lakes . Later she was acquired by Robert E. Hughes, Treasurer, New Rochelle, NY Capt Terry Tilton, Secretary, San Diego, CA Andrie Incorporated, with no change of sshsa board of directors name . She worked in the asphalt trades Odd Brevik, East Lyme, CT with A-390 on the Great Lakes, and Capt James McNamara, Chatham, NJ Dr. Laurence Miller, Miami, FL continues to work in the lakes region . Paul O'Pecko, Westerly, RI CAPT David Pickering, Warwick, RI David L. Powers, Jr., Burien, WA Regarding California Thomas Ragan, Miami Beach, FL I’m looking for information James Shuttleworth, Rowland Heights, CA CAPT Eric Takakjian, Fairhaven, MA Qabout the California that Capt Eric Wiberg, Norwalk, CT wrecked in in 1862, as immediate past president Erik Ryan, Narragansett, RI listed in the Lytle-Holdcamper List. copy editors & staff Any information would be helpful. Bryan Lucier, Membership Coordinator The Lytle-Holdcamper List, or Karen Sylvia, Office Administrator Do you have a question for Steamboat Bill? Astrid Drew, Research & New Media AM erchant Steam Vessels of the Alissa Cafferky, Research Assistant , lists the California as a Elaine Haytko, Advancement Just email him at...info@sshsa .org 496-ton screw steam vessel built in 1847

PowerShips Spring 2017 • 5 Images from “A Night To Remember,” SSHSA’s Titanic Ocean Liner Dinner, April 8, 2017 n (By row, from left to right) Spectacular Roger Williams Park Casino, Providence RI; The Schulte Family; Cocktail hour, Tom Ragan, Bill Miller & James Brehm; Mr. Ocean Liner, Rik Rabbett & Yun Lam; Cranston West High School Ensemble; Ocean State Theater Players w/ SSHSA President Mary Payne; Elegant Dining Room; Jim McNamara, Mr. Ocean Liner & Bill Muller; Bill Miller, Mary Pat & Terry Tilton; Mr. Ocean Liner, Leslie & Douglas Bryan; Mary Payne presents Samuel Ward Stanton Award to Bill Miller.

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MAGAD_GNE_ISSUE_SPRING_2017.indd 1 3/13/17 4:08 PM LIVES OF THE LINERS

Decorative Innovator: The Stunning

by William H. Miller

8 • Spring 2017 PowerShips n French Line illustration by Decorative Innovator: The Stunning artist Marin Marie of postwar Ile de France passing the in New York Harbor. – SSHSA Archives.

hen the celebrated Paris first appeared in 1921, she was, in so many ways, merely a grand hint of the French Line’s next transatlantic dreamboat, the 43,100-grt Ile de France, commissioned in the spring of 1927 . The Ile de France was one of the most important liners of the 20th Wcentury . Her fresh modernity and innovative style were unlike anything previously seen, not only on the Atlantic, but anywhere . In Time-Life’s The Great Liners, the Ile, as she was often fondly called, was described as having “a special verve; she was the Jazz Age flapper of flappers. With her 29-foot-long bar – where Americans could flout Prohibition, drinking Scotch at 15 cents a glass – and her sidewalk cafe, the Ile de France signaled what a lot of the world wanted to hear after the War, and after the fatigue and doubt of the early twenties: ‘The old days are back . Let the good times roll’ ”.

PowerShips Spring 2017 • 9 “Modern Without Being Vulgar”

Time-Life wrote more about the 791-foot-long Ile, built at St. Nazaire. “Like every French Line ship that had gone before her, the Ile de France was lavish in decor . With 40 columns soaring in her main lounge, she evoked an elegant Classicism; with her varnished wood veneer discreetly sheathing steel underpinnings, she was modern without being vulgar . A hefty share of the 1920s ocean-going public found that the Ile was an agreeable modish place to sit out an ocean crossing, a fact evident from the quarter of a million passengers who made 347 crossings on her in the next twelve years [until the Second World War started in September 1939] ”. n (Above) Ile de France arriving on her maiden voyage to New York, June 1927. – Richard John Malcolm Brinnin, in his Faber Collection. (Below) Celebrity passengers: Errol Flynn onboard in 1935. – Photofest. excellent The Sway of the Grand Saloon, added, “Designed by more than 30 different French firms, the Ile de France managed to absorb and integrate all influences. Her ‘tremendous’ main dining room was 20 feet wider than the Church of the Madeleine; the dance floor in the Salon de Conversation measured 516 square feet; the bar in the first class lounge was the ‘longest afloat.’ Where other ships had conventional garden lounges, she had a complete Parisian sidewalk cafe with awnings above, and saucers marked ‘6 francs’ on tables; in her children’s playroom, there was a real carousel with painted ponies and proper music to go round by . “Wishing to show all the richness and all the imagination of French decorative art, the French Line decided to make the 439 cabins in first class different from each other and to add four apartments of great luxury and ten of luxury . Furthermore, the ship was decorated with statues by Baudry and Dejean, bas reliefs by Jeanniot, Bouchard and Saupique, enamel panels by Schmied, artistic ironwork by Subes and Szabo, paintings by Ducos de la Haille, Gernez, Balandre, and not forgetting the chapel, an admirable Stations of the Cross sculptured in wood by Le Bourgeois ”.

10 • Spring 2017 PowerShips n (Above) This early brochure, with its Art Deco cover, features color illustrations of the French Line vessels Paris and France in, addition to the then-new Ile de France. (Right) The Café Terrace and Smoking Salon aboard Ile de France. – SSHSA Archives. Deco Style n (Below) A 1930s two-color brochure for Ile de France is more Moderne in style, with large photos of various interiors opposite polygonal vignette photos of passengers and crew. On the following two pages of this story are featured several of the interior images. – SSHSA Archives.

PowerShips Spring 2017 • 11 n (Above) “Grand stairway with delicately wrought ironwork by Sube.” n (Above) The Salon de Thé provided a “mellow atmosphere for buoyant (Below) “The two-deck smoking room...a natural gathering-place for conversation over delicious tea with sandwiches and cakes.” (Below)Two- smokers and aperitif-sippers in the mood for clubby conversation.” room suite offered “traditional comfort blended with decorative loveliness.”

12 • Spring 2017 PowerShips Sleek Luxury

Passengers onboard the Ile de France, especially in first class, enjoyed a new, sleek luxury. The great first-class dining room, for example, towered three decks in height . Never before had the traveling public seen a room of such massive simplicity yet startling attractiveness . It was designed, not copied from some landside theme as all of the earlier liners had done, but created for the ship itself as an original . The era of “ocean liner style” had begun, originated by the French, and would lead to some of the largest and grandest liners of all time, such as the extraordinary Normandie in 1935 . Long before completion, that great ship was commonly referred to as the “super Ile de France .” The late Lewis Gordon and his wife made over 100 crossings of the Atlantic, a pattern that began with their honeymoon in 1937 . He knew, I always felt, the Atlantic liners intimately and had a very keen eye . He liked many ships, the likes of the Caronia and the Italian liners of the fifties, as examples, but he just loved the French Line . “In first class in the 1950s onboard the Ile de France and Liberte, you had the finest decor, the most spectacular food and the best dressed passengers on all the seas,” he remembered . “The French Line was style, glamour, absolutely chic . And those two ships had great ambience – they offered the gayest crossings on the Atlantic . The six-day voyages even seemed to go faster than on any other ships . The France, which appeared in 1962 and replaced the earlier team, was quite wonderful, but not quite the same . The Ile de France and, perhaps even slightly more so, the Liberte were two of our all-time favorite Atlantic liners!” The Ile de France was a heroic, heavily used ship during World War II; the Liberte (which had been ’s record- breaking Europa before the war) sat out the entire period in idleness . The Ile was abruptly pulled out of Atlantic liner service and laid up in the fall of 1939 . The French, like most of Europe, were worried about Nazi plans (they had just n “The dining room with its beautiful map of the ancient Ile de France itself” and “walls of invaded Poland that September) . Pyrenees marble.” – SSHSA Archive.

PowerShips Spring 2017 • 13 Called to Serve

The prized Ile could not return , on orders from a tense French government . She was shifted from Pier 88 to a berth on , waiting under the watchful eye of a much-reduced crew of 100 . Then, on May 1, 1940, after being loaned to the British Ministry of Transport, she sailed to Europe with precious war materials, including several uncrated bombers, and then on to . Once France fell to the enemy in the spring of 1940, the Ile was officially seized – sailing thereafter under the dual flags of Free France and Britain. Out in the East, the 791-foot-long n (Above) The Ile de liner was homeported at Saigon and France departing in later at Bombay . She sailed with a mostly August 1939 on the eve of Asiatic crew and was under the wartime war starting in Europe. – management of the famed P&O Lines . Cronican-Arroyo Collection. Trooping in gray coloring, she worked (Right) Wartime: Painted in tandem with two similar-sized liners, in gray, the Ile de France Cunard’s Mauretania and the Dutch Nieuw loads war materials at a Amsterdam, sailing mostly on the Cape Staten Island pier, May Town-to-Suez troop and evacuation 1940. – ALF Collection. shuttle . Then, in 1943, she was shifted (Below) During war service, back onto the North Atlantic and changed the Ile de France called to Cunard management in company with at Boston’s Commonwealth another French liner, the Pasteur. Pier. – ALF Collection. The Ile was heroically decommis- sioned in September 1945 from official wartime duties . She turned to “austerity service” between Cherbourg, New York and sometimes Halifax, and then did some trooping out to politically troubled French Indo- . It wasn’t until the spring of 1947 that she was back at the St . Nazaire shipyard for a massive rebuilding and restoration to a luxury passenger ship . She inherited much of the old glamor and some of the Normandie’s flawless furnishings, and even had her three original stacks replaced by two of modern proportions . Her quarters were reconfigured for 1,345 passengers (541 first class, 577 cabin class and 227 tourist class) . She steamed into New York harbor in the summer of 1949 to a gala reception and on something of a second maiden voyage .

14 • Spring 2017 PowerShips n The postwar brochure above, featuring cover art by Guy Silhouette, includes the interior photos at right of the Cabin Class Children’s Playroom (top) and First Class “Versailles” Suite.

n A good book: The first class library. – Author’s Collection.

n Ile de France shows off her refurbished postwar profile with two modern, slightly raked smokestacks. – SSHSA Archives, Edward O. Clark Collection.

PowerShips Spring 2017 • 15 n Post-war: The cabin class ballroom. – Author’s Collection.

n A 1950s brochure featuring a whimsical illustration style includes a spread on the first class “Cafe de Paris” with evocative copy, “Who could ask for anything more? An ocean rushing by...a complete escape from care...pulsating music...a dance floor of transparent glass lighted from beneath with multi-colored lights...a lavish mahogany bar at one end matches the mahogany of the walls and furniture. Here is the gay life...in this combination smoking room, bar, lounge and cabaret with large bay windows on three sides overlooking the sea...the Cafe de Paris is aft on the Promenade Deck for use by First Class passengers.” – SSHSA Archives.

16 • Spring 2017 PowerShips Making Headlines

With a revised, increased tonnage, n “The Largest Ship of the 1953–1954 the 44,356-grt Ile quickly settled down to Cruise Season” states this Ile de France further service (and hefty postwar profits) “ Holiday” brochure surrounding along with the larger Liberte and the smaller, a black and white photo of the ship with more tourist-oriented Flandre. The Ile tropical motifs. – SSHSA Archives remained unique (even among all Atlantic liners of the fifties) and terribly popular and made still more headlines . On July 25, 1956, off Nantucket, she rescued 753 survivors from the sinking Andrea Doria, fatally wounded after a collision with ’s . In October of that same year she was lashed by a ferocious Atlantic storm, one that flooded six passenger cabins and dented the superstructure . Still later, in February 1957, she went aground on during a winter Caribbean cruise. Her passengers had to be flown home and the liner towed all the way to a shipyard at Newport News, Virginia, for lengthy repairs .

n Stack-up at Manhattan: A 1953 view (from top to bottom): Homeland, Caronia, Queen Elizabeth, Ile de France, United States, America and Saturnia. – ALF Collection.

PowerShips Spring 2017 • 17 n Off Lower Manhattan on a summer’s day, 1955. – Port Authority of New York and New Jersey.

n Outbound in New York’s Upper Bay, 1956. – French Line.

18 • Spring 2017 PowerShips The Last Voyage with a variety of prospects for their famed court action to at least having her red-and- ship . Some wanted her as a museum, the black funnels painted over . Finally, with the The Ile, with her passenger lists finally Sheraton Company talked of using her as filming complete, she went back to Osaka beginning to dwindle, reached her well- a floating hotel in the Caribbean and one for the final dismantling. deserved retirement in November 1958 . imaginative enthusiast suggested cutting her The French Line offices in Paris were faced down and then sailing her straight into the heart of Paris . In the end, she was sold About the Author to Japanese shipbreakers, who sailed her Bill Miller, long-time out, under the Japanese flag, to Osaka as SSHSA member, is an the Furansu Maru (France Maru) . international authority on The end for the beloved Ile de France was ocean liners and cruise ships. not as gentle as the French Line would have He has written some 80 liked, however . The Japanese chartered books on the subject: from the liner, at the rate of $4,000 per day, to early steamers, immigrant ships and liners at a Hollywood film company. Robert Stack, war to their fabulous interiors and about the Dorothy Malone and hundreds of others highly collectible artifacts from them. He has climbed aboard to make The Last Voyage, a written specific histories of such celebrated fictional tale of an aged transpacific liner passenger ships as the United States, Queen that melodramatically explodes on its final Mary, Rotterdam, France, Queen run . Studio technicians blasted away at the Elizabeth 2 and Crystal Serenity. A native lounges, gutted some of the former suites of Hoboken, New Jersey, Miller was named and even released the forward funnel and Outstanding American Maritime Scholar n Actor Robert Stack darts for safety in the film sent it crashing down into the wheelhouse . in 1994 and received the U.S. Maritime The Last Voyage, staged onboard the Ile de Was there no respect for an Atlantic legend, Preservation Award and the Ocean Liner France in ’s Inland Sea, in 1959. – a French goddess of the seas? The French Council’s Silver Riband Award in 2004. Author’s Collection. Line was furious and succeeded in quick

The

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PowerShips Spring 2017 • 19 n Ocean liner RMS Queen Mary 2 before “remastering.” – Photo courtesy of Trondheim Havn.

Queen Mary 2 Remastering a Monarch! By John A. Fostik, MBA

I’ve sailed aboard the Queen Mary 2 on three occasions – two cruises and a westbound Atlantic crossing from Hamburg to New York … well, ok, Brooklyn, to be factual . So it was with great anticipation on July 6 that I looked forward to joining other writers, the media, local municipal representatives, members of the travel industry and Cunard and Carnival senior management to tour the remastered Cunard flagship. Accompanying me was Byron Huart, whose great photos and passion for ocean liner lore were previously featured in PowerShips. (See “Through the Lens of Byron Huart – Cruise Ships at New York,” Summer 2015, number 294 ).

2020 •• SSpringpring 20172017 PoPowerShips n Queen Mary 2 at Blohm + Voss Shipyard in Hamburg underwent renovations for 25 days this past May. The location of Hamburg is very apropos inasmuch as the Cunard flagship makes a number of eastbound and westbound calls at this busy River Elbe port. In addition to its transatlantic service, Cunard also offers cruises to and from the city. The Queen Mary 2 is a favorite not only of Hamburg residents but Germany as a whole. – photo.

PowerShips Spring 2017 • 21 o savor the real significance of l’Atlantique was formalized on March 10, 2000, with contract the day, it’s worth taking note of one signature on November 6 for yard number G32 . of the comments of the Queen Mary 2’s Cunard’s president, Pamela Conover, participated in the cer- master, Captain Christopher Wells . emonial cutting of the first piece of steel on January 16, 2002. On He started out referring to Cunard’s July 4, block number 502 was the first one placed on the stocks. glorious 176-year history, starting July On March 20, 2003, the deep dock where the Queen Mary 2 was 4, 1840, when the pioneer Britannia built was flooded and she entered the River Loire to the fitting sailed from to Boston . out dock . Sea trials began on September 25, with another series However, it was his further remarks that emphasized that Queen starting November 7. Final fitting out took until December 23. MaryT 2 is “the only original ocean liner presently in service … and On January 8, 2004, Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II christened the fastest passenger ship at that ”. Fifty years ago those words would the new liner Queen Mary 2 . From her maiden voyage on January have been commonplace, but now they’re unique . 12 through March she made a number of Caribbean cruises By way of prequel, the genesis of Queen Mary 2 must be attributed from Fort Lauderdale under the command of Commodore Ron to Carnival Corporation’s visionary chairman Micky Arison, who Warwick . The inaugural transatlantic voyage from also was the company’s CEO from 1979 to 2013 . The daunting to New York departed on April 16, 2004 . job of transforming the “dream ship” into reality would be the The arrival of the responsibility of naval architect Stephen M . Payne . $780 million Queen Mary n A Queens Grill Suite aboard Queen 2 at the great port of Mary 2 is a duplex and ultra-luxurious. New York on April 22, These suites have been enhanced as part Dream Ship into Reality 2004, was impressive of the flagship’s remastering. Cunard The Queen Mary 2 was constructed at the historic in all regards: 150,000 has provided a sanctuary that enhances Chantiers de l’Atlantique in St. Nazaire. There on the River grt, 1,132 feet long, serenity through the use of a neutral color Loire, the Gallic equivalent of the River Clyde in terms of 135 feet, with a palette. The soft furnishings, sofas, shipbuilding, many famous liners were constructed, including 32 8-foot. . The chairs, lamps, curtains and headboards the fabled Normandie and her modern successor France. The height from her keel to all contribute to Cunard’s wish to create letter of intent between Carnival Corporation and Chantiers de her funnel was 236 2. a higher level of comfort for every guest. Cunard’s original Queen Mary provided the inspiration for the specialty carpeting used in the suites. Artwork adorns the walls of the suites and features images of the Cunard Line’s offices around the world. – Cunard Line photo.

22 • Spring 2017 PowerShips feet . The new liner was also considered environmentally friendly thanks to her gas turbine and diesel electric plant with an estimated 157,000 hp. Propulsion was with four pods of 21.5 MW each; two Celebrating were azimuth and two fixed. Service speed was approximated at 30 knots or, in land terms, 34.5 miles per hour. Two stabilizers were QE2’s fitted for extra comfort. Being a true ocean liner, the Queen Mary 2 has a narrow beam and a thick steel not only for strength but 50 Years also to deal with the rigors of the . At the time of her 22 September 2017 entry into service, the new Cunard flagship was the first ocean liner Clydebank Town Hall, Clydebank built in over 35 years . West Dunbartonshire In the 12 years since her debut, the Queen Mary 2 remains the G81 1UA only true ocean liner in operation, and she’s still the longest, widest, tallest and grandest ever built . The ship has sailed 1 78. million The QE2 Story's QE2 50 Year Conference will be nautical miles, completed 256 Atlantic crossings, and made 476 of significant importance in the 2017 Calendar of voyages that touched at 215 different ports in 80 countries . Of those Maritime Events. You will have the opportunity to visit ports, Southampton was Clydebank, the birthplace of QE2 to celebrate the 50 n Legacy is an important part of the the most frequent, with year anniversary of the launch of the ship. This is an Cunard experience defining the essence New York the second . event not to be missed. of traveling aboard one of their ships. Yet It was fitting that it’s equally important that new traditions Cunard’s remastering Booking details for the QE2 50 Year Conference are created. The Carinthia Lounge of its flagship took place can be found at QE2event.com debuted as part of Queen Mary 2’s in 2016, since that was Visit theqe2story.com and become a remastering and pays tribute to four prior the 80th anniversary of member of The Forum (registration Cunard ships. This new lounge is on the entry into service is free) to be a part of all things QE2. Deck 7 and is truly amazing in both of the legendary Queen design and feel. A restful place, it has Mary, the inspiration for soothing colors of powder blue, cream and gold. Function-wise it’s where guests can have a light breakfast or lunch. During other times, tea and coffee together with delectable pastries are available. – Cunard Line photo.

PowerShips Spring 2017 • 23 much of what was to follow in the ship that now bears her name . At the start of my tour it became fairly obvious that Cunard, Carnival and all associated with this endeavor were justifiably proud of their accomplishments . The shipyard in which the extensive renovations would take place was a familiar one . On Friday, May 27, the Queen Mary 2 returned for the sixth time to Blohm + Voss in Hamburg. She entered the dry dock Elbe 17 for what would be a 25-day stay . Cunard UK would be the organization to oversee the project. The work order was an ambitious one and follows in summary form: • 50 new staterooms were to be installed, of which 35 were on Deck 13 • The Bridge Wing would be modified • Nine additional bulkheads would be installed to improve stability • The canine and feline kennels would be expanded and enhanced n The Cunard Line flagship Queen Mary 2 is shown berthed at the • Extensive upgrading of extant Queens Grill and Princess Grill Suites Red Hook Brooklyn Cruise Terminal. With the latest investment by her • Extensive upgrading of extant restaurants, bars and lounges owners, the Queen Mary 2 will certainly remain an important part of • A new Verandah Restaurant would be added the New York maritime scene for decades to come. – Byron Huart photo. • The Winter Garden would be restyled as the new Carinthia Lounge • Britannia and Britannia Club staterooms would receive new soft furnishings crossing to New York via Southampton . • The Kings Court buffet area would be redesigned to be more user friendly That Cunard undertook this significant, extensive and • The retail area would be revamped to accommodate new partners well-attended public showcasing was even more remarkable • Stairwells and stateroom corridors would receive new carpeting considering that July 6 was a turnaround day for the ship . That same evening Queen Mary 2 would slip her lines at Brooklyn’s Red Work in non-passenger areas would also be accomplished, Hook Cruise Terminal and depart for Southampton at 5 p .m . including QM2’s class renewal . The four propulsion pods were So why was this investment made in a relatively young ship and targeted for upgrading and a new gas exhaust cleaning system what did it achieve? As to the first point, Cunard is a luxury brand would be installed . There would also be installation of a ballast water and wished to remain pre-eminent in that regard . As to the second treatment system plus a reverse osmosis water treatment plant . In point, my tour would be very telling indeed . The overarching goal the aggregate, the remastering was the largest project undertaken was to provide venues hallmarked by their luxury and elegance, by Cunard UK. It would necessitate taking the flagship out of evoking a refined and inviting ambience. In fact, three of these service for 25 days, entail 1,000 person-hours of labor and require venues were entirely new creations, resulting from past passenger an investment of many millions of dollars . On June 17, Queen Mary feedback . They were then executed with a meticulous design, an 2 left Elbe 17 drydock for further detailed finishing work. Testing of eye for detail and inspiration from the past . Not only did the liner’s new systems would be completed and reprovisioning undertaken . public rooms receive a gracious new look, but the same approach On June 21, the remastered liner embarked new passengers at the was taken with respect to the guest accommodations . In terms of Hamburg Cruise Center Steinwerder for a 10-day transatlantic the latter, comfort at sea would be the byword for what Cunard

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24 • Spring 2017 PowerShips n (Above) On Queen Mary 2, The Verandah Restaurant has proven to be extremely popular as an alternative formal dining venue. Its designers took their inspiration from the elegant Verandah Grill onboard the original Queen Mary. The contemporary version also pays tribute to its forebears with the use of circus-themed art and a black geometric carpet design. – Cunard Line photo. n (Right) Fine dining at sea has been part of the Cunard tradition and it becomes a winning proposition in the Queen Mary 2’s Princess Grill. A color palette of bold blue tones prevails and complements the new furniture, carpeting, window dressings and lighting. Meals are served on new chinaware. The upgrades that were made have resulted in a refreshing and elegant venue in which to enjoy the cuisine and flawless White Star service. – Cunard Line photo.

PowerShips Spring 2017 • 25 n For the first time a completely new type of Britannia stateroom has been created for the single traveler on the Queen Mary 2. Nine outside single staterooms on Deck 2 have higher ceilings that feature an illuminated coffer design. An additional six on Deck 3L are equally striking, featuring two large circular windows complete with bench seat cushions to view the sea. – Cunard Line photo. was striving to attain . The 172 Queens Grill and Princess Grill Heady stuff all of this, designed and implemented in concert Suites, already in the top echelon of those on any ship, were the to ensure that the Queen Mary 2 remains the most luxurious ship focal point of the additional enhancements . afloat. As a passenger on multiple past trips, I can say that I was The Britannia staterooms likewise were beneficiaries of impressed not only by the physical enhancements but also the additional elegance as well as an extra level of choice in the efforts made to research and create something both tactile as 30 new Britannia Club Balcony staterooms . All of the current well as appealing to the imagination . Aboard the remastered Britannia Club staterooms will have received new interior design Queen Mary 2 there’s a renewed sense of feeling special in a very and décor by year’s end . At the time of the public debut, half special place . Cunard has created an exceptionally compelling of those Britannia Balcony staterooms were completed and had value proposition for passengers who choose to travel by and new flat-screen, high-definition televisions. Additionally, 15 new vacation at sea . single-passenger accommodations were installed, representing a The photos that accompany this article have extensive captions first for the Queen Mary 2. Nine of the new single rooms are on so that you can Deck 2 port side while six others will be found on Deck 3L . marvel, as I did, A current Cunard brochure provides some additional at how artfully the About the Author insight as to what guests will encounter as a of the new remastering of a John Andrew Fostik is an SSHSA amenities aboard the flagship: monarch has been member and a co-editor “You’ll find tasty surprises and additions all over the ship. That starts done . This extensive of PowerShips’ Mid- with the simple luxury of tea and coffee making facilities in every stateroom, effort on the part of Atlantic column. He is and extends into new menu choices through the Grills Restaurants, Kings the Cunard Line will the Principal at Battery Court, the Golden Lion Pub and the Commodore Club. We’ve even added ensure that Queen Hill Consulting and the little flourishes and improvements to our Champagne Afternoon Tea, while Mary 2 will remain a author of New York’s the Carinthia Lounge and The Verandah – names steeped in Cunard household name and Liners, America’s legacy – are opening their doors for the first time on board Queen Mary be the benchmark Postwar Luxury Liners and Amtrak 2. In the new Tastings Rooms, experts will guide you through a wide for luxury travel, Across America. Additionally he is a selection of fine wines in sessions that range from blind tastings to features now and in the freelance writer for a number of magazines. on particular acclaimed wine products.” decades to come . 

26 • Spring 2017 PowerShips n The Queens Grill Restaurant on the remastered Queen Mary 2 attains the pinnacle not only in design but with specially created dishes and Cunard classics that are offered here. With a color palette of regal red and crème, an elegant air clearly has been attained. Like its other counterparts this venue has new furniture, carpets, window treatments, lighting and chinaware. – Cunard Line photo.

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7.5” x Po4.875”werShips Spring 2017 • 27 M S Rotterdam’s The City, Its Illustrious Arctic Ships & Northward Journey Cruise by Lorraine Coons & Alexander Varias Rotterdam sports a modern, hip appearance since the old photos by the authors except where noted city was almost entirely destroyed during World War ii . This destruction wasn’t unique to Rotterdam; other port towns, such as , had been similarly levelled . But the destruction otterdam is one of those cities that caused the city to shrink culturally compared to its great rival lives in the shadow of a more popular Amsterdam. Tourists were not drawn to it; at best one would sister, in this case Amsterdam . The change trains there en route to another city . latter claims the greatest number of tourists to visit Holland each year, with Rotterdam Rises From the Ashes its stunning gabled houses that line The last several decades have witnessed a revival. For the many canals of the river Amstel . some time Rotterdam has been the largest port city in Europe . There’s an intense rivalry between the cities’ inhabitants, with Today, in addition, the city is thriving economically and has a RAmsterdammers and Rotterdammers referring to each other novel urban facelift . Modern architecture can give a metropolis by their area codes rather than by name . A couple we met an anonymous, cold, alienating character; it needs to be carried while onboard our crossing on the MS Rotterdam this summer out with a creative twist so that it can connect to pedestrians . derisively referred to that lovely city on the Amstel as 010 and Rotterdam’s architects have done just that . The new buildings explained that their city, 020, was far superior . are placed at odd angles, seemingly made up of blocks placed While we continue to be charmed by the beauty and on top of each other that create strange formations in which setting of Amsterdam and all that the city has to offer, we were you can’t imagine people functioning, and they display bright, delightfully surprised to find that 020 has a special charm of eerie colors that leap out at you . A suspension bridge with one its own . The cities share a rich historical tradition . But while asymmetrically placed arch adds its strange presence . Such Amsterdam has retained much of its old world character, an assortment of structures could fall apart into chaos . Yet

28 • Spring 2017 PowerShips they work well together and seem to cooperate in shouting out Rotterdam’s contemporary personality . There’s still the old medieval cathedral, which reflects a long-distant age when Rotterdam first began to thrive. Its contrast to its surroundings causes one to reflect on the changes that took place over six centuries . Central markets always had a place in European towns, and a certain communal echo is found nearby in the enormous Market Hall, a large, covered, modern market that includes all sorts of vendors and food caterers flanked by the ascending balconies of apartments running up the curved sides . The Hall is open and at times reminds you of the stupendous size of the new cruise ships, but turned upside down . Around the corner is a strangely put-together apartment complex made up of cubes standing on their corners that defy n “Cube” houses are just one example of Rotterdam’s modern architecture explanation as to purpose and have onlookers wondering about built in the wake of World War II destruction. the possibilities of standing up and moving around within . Yet they work as part of the overall design and character of the Rotterdam center . With all its cultural brilliance, Amsterdam rests as a traditional Old World city, even as it revolves around its canals . Rotterdam is a 21st-century metropolis . The SS Rotterdam With all of the attractions that warrant a stopover in Rotterdam, perhaps the most compelling reason for any serious mariner to visit is to pay homage to that belle dame of the high seas – the SS Rotterdam, which lies berthed in Wilhelmina Quay on the River Maas, overlooking the city center . For forty years she was a head turner and crowd pleaser, one of the last of the elegant liners to set . After her final retirement from active service she became a hotel ship, in December 2010, before being acquired June 12, 2013, by WestCord Hotels, a Dutch, family- owned company that operates fourteen hotels in the . n Rotterdam’s Market Hall houses apartments, offices, and an open Launched September 13, 1958 by Queen Juliana, De market in its central atrium. Rotterdam entered service the following year on September 3, beginning a distinguished career that would span four decades . In 1997 Holland America sold this noble lady to make room for its new MS Rotterdam, the jewel of its more modern R-class vessels, which would later be joined by the MS Volendam, MS Zaandam and MS Amsterdam . But this elegant lady was not yet ready to be put out of commission, and purchased the ship and renamed it Rembrandt . Unfortunately, its sailing days were numbered, since Premier went bankrupt in 2000 and the ship was left abandoned in Freeport, Bahamas . But De Rotterdam had too many loyal fans who wouldn’t stand by and allow the ship to rot away. In 2005 she was finally rescued by the Friends of Steamship Rotterdam, a group that worked for years to return the ship to the city after which she had been named . Their efforts paid off – 020 came to recognize the positive commercial and recreational benefits of having such a popular n The dramatic Erasmus Bridge – another landmark of modern Rotterdam. ship berthed in its city harbor on the River Maas .

PowerShips Spring 2017 • 29 sshsa Ship Yeof athe r 1996

n Berthed in her namesake port, the 1958 SS Rotterdam has been n Much of SS Rotterdam’s spectacular mid-century modern interior restored as a hotel ship and conference center. design, including this unique glass-walled staircase, was preserved during conversion to her new role. Thus began what was to be a mammoth project to breathe new life into the SS Rotterdam and restore this grande dame to her and the imposing, magnificent mural in the Grand Ballroom former prominence and elegance so that she could take up her was restored . While the designers brought the ship into the new role as a hotel ship and conference center . Meticulous care modern age by introducing stylish restaurants, a new bar off was taken to bring the liner back to her original look with the of the purser’s square, and larger and better-equipped hotel gray hull and gold piping, and the original name reappeared rooms, they maintained the integrity and authenticity of the on stem and stern . Her stunning interiors were lovingly ship. Former cabins on the Sun Deck and Boat Deck refurbished . Some of her famous tapestries were re-woven, have become gracious suites . Rooms contain original armchairs and tables . Lamps, cupboards, desks and stools are from the same period. We stayed in the Chief Officer’s cabin, close to the bridge area, and enjoyed a magnificent view of the city. Although visitors and hotel guests have free access to the open deck, Lido Restaurant (the former second-class party area Café de la Paix), Club Room (originally intended as the tourist-class smoking room and later to become the ship’s casino in the 1980s), renovated Ocean Bar, and newly created Captains Lounge (across from the hotel reception desk), a tour is mandatory to view the rest of the ship . Such a pity that visitors cannot have free reign to wander about independently, but the SS Rotterdam has now become a museum, and like all museums, access is restricted to ticketholders . Once you take a tour, however, you can well understand that the reason to restrict access is to preserve this beautiful relic of the past . Sadly enough, few ocean liners remain to remind us of the once-glorious age of the “traveling palaces ”. The stately interior promenades, no longer a possibility on the modern liners that utilize every last inch of passenger space to generate revenue for the shipping companies, stand as a reminder of this incomparable age of maritime travel . It’s a visual history that’s rapidly disappearing, so those with the vision and determination to preserve De Rotterdam and Long Beach’s English grande dame, the Queen Mary, are to be applauded . How very tragic that the SS France couldn’t be salvaged . We can only hope that the SS United States Conservancy can keep that noble lady alive, since she’s this country’s very own national maritime treasure .

30 • Spring 2017 PowerShips n Bar of the Ambassador Lounge aboard SS Rotterdam. n This “Little Darling” candy tin depicting the ship’s predecessor is on display among other artifacts in the Rotterdam’s onboard museum. Taking a tour (there are five different possibilities) guided by docents, many of whom worked on board the ship in her heyday, gives the visitor an intimate snapshot of life aboard this great liner, Ocean Crossing both for passengers and crew . The docents share a passionate Sailing through the Arctic regions is increasingly popular loyalty and enthusiasm for the ship that has become a second home with cruise passengers, though concern for the fragile ecosystem to them . Their colorful, amusing anecdotes about their experience there evokes a need for caution . The recent sailing through the on board bring the ship to life for the groups of visitors they lead by Crystal Cruises is a case in point as pas- daily through the public areas. The Ritz Carlton Grand Ballroom sengers commented on the difficulty of seeing ice in what was once retains its beautiful, elegant appointments, including a masterful such an ice-filled region that it seemed too dangerous for shipping . lacquer painting by Dutch artist Cuno van den Steene . The intimate, cozy, nightclub ambience of the first-class Ambassador Lounge is the same as it was in 1959 . The quirky central staircase, built as a double spiral and modeled after the famous one at the French Château de Chambord, has been retained as a reminder that De Rotterdam enforced a strict segregation between first- and second-class passengers on transatlantic voyages . It’s one of the finest and most unusually colorful staircases ever designed for Visit a ship . One tour includes an extensive walk through part of the massive engine room, and it’s not to be missed . The Bridge Deck, in USCGC INGHAM (WHEC-35) 1936-1988 addition to the map room and captain’s room and study, includes a National Historic Landmark & National Memorial to Coast Guardsmen who lost their lives in combat from WWII through Viet Nam. fine museum that contains an impressive number of artifacts from the ship that document De Rotterdam’s career as one of the last of the • Awarded two Naval Presidential Unit Citations for her service during . elegant passenger vessels to cross the Atlantic . • Credited with sinking U-Boat 626 during convoy duty in Spending a few days on this grande dame is a must for any true the North Atlantic mariner, and it serves as the perfect base from which to explore • Served in Atlantic, Mediterranean and Philippine Theaters and 020 and its surroundings before embarking on a transatlantic Command Ship for the amphibious landings for General crossing on her younger namesake, the MS Rotterdam . But before MacArthur’s return to Corregidor. leaving 020 and De Rotterdam behind, a visit to the Hotel New York Don’t miss the opportunity to tour this ship and learn (also known as the Grand Old Lady), the former head office of the about its remarkable history. Holland America Line, is well worth the side trip . Completed in INGHAM is located in on the Truman Waterfront Park. 1901, this massive fin de siècle structure, built in the art nouveau You Can Visit …You Can Help The foundation seeks mode with many Jugendstil motifs, was one of the few lucky donations to continue restoration of this important vessel. Please send your tax-deductible contributions to: edifices of the city to survive World War II. It functions today as a hotel with a splendid little café-restaurant and oyster bar, and it USCGC INGHAM Memorial Museum

P.0. Box 186, Key West, 33041 • Phone: (305)-395-9554 Andy Newman contains several unique artifacts that document Holland America www.uscgcingham.org Line’s rich historical relationship to the city . Photo:

PowerShips Spring 2017 • 31 n The dramatic landscape of Greenland’s Prince Christian Sound. n Passengers aboard MS Rotterdam delight in photographing an Icelandic fjord on a crisp, clear day. Our crossing on the MS Rotterdam from Rotterdam to Boston in July took us through the more accessible area around Iceland energy on the continent, the Vikings had also set off earlier into and Greenland . Glaciers, volcanoes and icebergs, among other the Atlantic to Scotland, Iceland, Greenland and Newfoundland geological phenomena, dot the seaward voyage . Stepping and other parts of what would become known as Canada . ashore in Iceland, visitors can witness geysers and a host of other natural curiosities as Europe gives way to North America . Back to Our Voyage Reykjavik, the site of the Gorbachev-Reagan summit, straddles Proceeding northward from the continental shores, the shore leading to the cruise terminal . But this particular the MS Rotterdam visits Bergen, Norway, the Shetland Islands, crossing was to follow the route taken by the Vikings in their various ports (especially Reykjavik) in Iceland, two stops in early navigational excursions, at the end of which they first Greenland, St . John’s in Newfoundland, and Halifax, before confronted America . ending in Boston . The ports are all nicely separated by days at sea that reflect the nature of the North Atlantic’s conditions. A Brief History of the Vikings Tours to the many natural points of interest are organized, as is It’s clear to historians, archaeologists and the clear- usually the case on cruise ships . sighted that well before Christopher Columbus the Vikings Most outstanding, however, are those days that include reached American shores in what can be described as a amazingly scenic and unforgettable sailings. Weather and seas transatlantic voyage, though one clutching the northern regions permitting, those include the beautiful sunsets with unusual of the ocean as opposed to the more southerly route taken by colors projected from the surface of the ocean with that special the Spanish and Portuguese navigators . The English, French Arctic glaze. Highlighting the sailing are the days spent in and Dutch also took a less southern route . It was for this reason the waters through and around Greenland . The day spent that these were called the Norsemen . They came from the meandering through Prince Christian Sound is as memorable Scandinavian lands and went due east as well as to the south, a one as can be experienced . Overhanging cliffs gushing with where they became notorious . waterfalls, descending glaciers and icebergs are abundant from The Vikings’ navigational prowess was quite a contrast to the first crack of dawn well into the night. Few sounds are their marauding, pillaging, plundering behavior in Europe . But heard, only nature’s unique variety and the clicking of cameras . they wouldn’t have reached those vulnerable lands if not for their Do bring binoculars! maritime expertise. Viking raids and invasions forced Europeans Crossing the northern Atlantic, the signs are abundant along the coastal areas to retreat inland and ultimately and clear: structures of the Norse in Norway; ruins in northern established the local bonds of feudalism . What began among the Scotland; a modern statue to Leif Ericson in Reykjavik; ancient French spread to Germany and after 1066 to England . finds in Newfoundland. Yes, not only did the Vikings navigate Above all, the Vikings were known primarily as pagan the seas around Europe north and south, they crossed the maritime plunderers . Later they converted to Christianity, and Atlantic to America well before Columbus did and deserve a some among them established Norman culture and conquered special place in maritime history . under the new faith, going as far south as Sicily and even the lands On the decks of the MS Rotterdam passengers can recreate of the decaying Byzantine Empire. Not exhausting their invading the Viking route, though in more comfort and faster than did

32 • Spring 2017 PowerShips The Lighthouse News & History Magazine Features: • Colorful and Vintage Lighthouse Photos. • Stories of Lighthouse Keepers, Past & Present. • Restoration Projects Nautical Antiques, Keeper’s Korner, Events Calendar. n Spectacular Arctic sunset seen from MS Rotterdam. Subscribe at $5 off our the rugged Norse . A nice, wide promenade (a rarity on modern Railway & Locomotive Historical Society regular rates. cruise ships) encircling the ship gives passengers the chance 1/4 Page Square CMYK Just $29.95! to take in a 360-degree view of the particular site it’s passing SSHSA PowerShips Winter 2016-17 through . One can cross from port to starboard and back again Request a Free Sample Copy! and take in the special vista available on each flank. There’s also the upper-deck observation lounge, where you can sit in PO Box 250, East Machias, ME 04630 • (207)259-2121 more warmth and perhaps enjoy a beverage . Most appreciated www.LighthouseDigest.com/sshs is the bow, open to all, from which the spectacular nature of the scenery is most overwhelming . Proper footwear to avoid slipping in wet conditions and warm clothing are necessary, but braving the wind, rain and cold is worth it since you’re there to North America’s premier be somewhat adventurous and revel in the uncomfortable . It’s striking that, after such a cruise, disembarking in railroad historical society Boston brings an altered perspective of Beantown . Cold, snowy Y&L and windblown as it may be in the winter, the city suddenly A OC W O seems balmy and comfortable when contrasted to the northern IL M A O areas through which we just traveled . Summer temperatures R T

I E in the 90s drive home that point even further . That climate V

H E

change is upon us is one other realization that comes to mind T

• during an Arctic cruise, something that the Vikings would H • C I S never have predicted . N T I  • O Y R T IC IE About the Authors A L S OC SSHSA Member Lorraine Coons, PhD, and Alexander Founded in 1921, R&LHS is the oldest railroad historical society Varias, PhD, are historians of Modern in North America. Our award-winning journal Railroad History Europe and teach respectively at Chestnut blends scholarly writing and in-depth book reviews with a vibrant Hill College and Villanova University in the 128-page format, and is one of the world’s premier publications devoted to the history of technology. Membership also includes the Philadelphia region. Their book Tourist Quarterly Newsletter and offers optional affiliation with any of nine Third Cabin: Steamship Travel in regional Chapters. R&LHS also sponsors annual awards honoring the Interwar Years has just been revised the best in railroad writing and photography. and republished in a paperback edition. They have published numerous R&LHS, Dept PS articles on a variety of historical subjects – including maritime history – PO Box 2913, Pflugerville, TX 78691-2913 and are experienced lecturers at sea. Sign up securely using MasterCard, Visa, or Discover at rlhs.org

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The Courageous Tustumena

by Scott MacDonald • photos by the author except where noted

rea 3A has the reputation does a twice-monthly voyage out to the oil-spill response capabilities because of of being the most isolated and remote islands and small the 1989 Exxon Valdez disaster in Prince violent stretch of ocean communities of the Alaska Peninsula and William Sound . in the western Gulf of the Aleutian Islands, as far as Unalaska- The Tustumena has endured, by far, the Alaska, itself among Dutch Harbor . The Tustumena has sailed most severe ocean and weather conditions the roughest bodies of more voyages and logged more nautical of the four original sturdy, long-lived water in the world . Standing as forbidding miles through these unpredictable and in the more than 50 years of the sentries in Area 3A are the rugged Barren violent seas than any other ship in history . AMHs . Letters of Commendation from Islands. The M/V Tustumena through The Alaska Marine Highway System Alaska state officials, U.S. Coast Guard these treacherous waters for most of the (AMHS) has only two vessels that are officers and crews, and individuals such as year on her run between Homer, Kodiak deep-sea-rated, ocean-class ships – the commercial fishermen and sailors, proudly Island and Seldovia . From late April 1964-built Tustumena and the M/V framed and displayed on the bulkheads through October the venerable ferry also Kennicott, built in 1998 and designed with near the Tustumena’s purser’s lobby, attest

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heaving line to the Cheetah in early morning n An early photo of Alaska Marine darkness and rough seas, and the Cheetah Highway’s Tustumena, built at and her crew were towed to safety . Captain Sturgeon Bay, WI in 1964. Note Hopkins and his crew received a much- the significant differences between deserved commendation from the Coast the forward superstructure here Guard . There are many more instances versus that in the author’s recent where the “Trusty Tusty” came to the aid photo at right. – Edward O. Clark of seafarers in distress, and those events Collection, SSHSA Archive. have made this diminutive ship a legend in the Western Alaskan waters she serves . n The Tustumena preparing to leave the Homer Ferry Terminal. About the Tustumena The Tustumena is 296 feet in length with a 59-foot beam and a 15-foot draught . Her displacement is 3,067 tons . She is 2,174 net tons and 4,593 gross tons . She was re-engined in 1995 and her present propulsion is provided by two EMD 12- 645F7B, 2,500-hp diesel engines . Her twin eight-foot, four-blade propellers drive her at a cruising speed of 13 .5 knots, and she consumes 110 gallons of fuel per hour at n The starboard boat deck, sailing between King that speed . There are two Caterpillar 560- Cove and Cold Bay. kw diesel generators that provide electrical power, and an electric-motored, 600-hp bow thruster. She also has fin stabilizers. The Tustumena was the fourth ferry built for the AMHS in 1963; the first three were the Malaspina, the Matanuska and the Taku, all four named after glaciers . They were designed by Philip F . Spaulding & Associates of , Washington, and are still in service and going strong . Even their prototype vessel, n On approach to False Pass. the Black Ball Ferry Line’s M/V Coho, built in 1959, is still sailing between Port The Tustumena has 18 two-berth cabins Angeles, Washington, and Victoria, and eight four-berth cabins, a passenger British Columbia . The Tustumena was built capacity of 176 and 35 officers and crew. in Sturgeon Bay, , and began The crew is provided with separate to the many dangerous and life-saving service in 1964 . A 54-foot midsection was officer’s and crew’s mess facilities adjacent rescues this remarkable ship has engaged added in 1969, lengthening her to her to the extensive galley . For passengers, in throughout her five decades of service. present 296 feet . In a 1990 refurbishment, she has a pay-as-you-go, sit-down dining On October 14, 1977, the S/V Wind the wheelhouse was moved 20 feet forward room, a forward observation lounge, Dance radioed for help off Cape Elrington, and the passenger cabins and crew purser’s counter, a theater area showing and the Coast Guard requested that the quarters were updated . As with nearly documentaries about the regions she sails Tustumena divert to the scene; two souls all of the AMHS’s vessels, the Tustumena in, a passenger elevator and a heated were saved . On October 15, 1989, the is graced with pleasing, attractive lines, solarium with deck space aft for setting up F/V Cheetah lost all steering and propulsion with a subtle forward sheer, balanced tents . A small bar area was recently closed . and was drifting helplessly toward the funnel and superstructure, and knuckled, Public toilets and showers are also located rocks in Porcupine Cove . In an impressive rounded stern . Only her four kingposts, there for those traveling without a cabin . display of superior seamanship and skill, which support her unique car elevator, And of course, being a ferry, she provides a the Tustumena’s crew managed to get a interrupt the smooth flow of her design. car deck that can accommodate 36 vehicles,

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n (Above) A 1960s photo of Tustumena reveals her original profile before a 1969 rebuild added 54 feet to her amidships. – Edward O. Clark Collection, SSHSA Archives. (Right) Author’s recent photo of Tustumena docked in Cold Bay shows the effect of the 1969 rebuild along with a 1990 remodel to the forward superstructure plus the addition of an upper deck solarium forward of her stack. more or less, depending on the size and length of the vehicles . The Tustumena’s car About the Area elevator was designed so that vehicles could While making arrangements for my be on- and off-loaded at almost any kind of trip, I was told by a friend and past pas- that the Tustumena provides service to dock or landing, giving her the versatility to senger to be prepared for the possibility that are very small, with residents numbering handle the varied situations she encounters the entire voyage would be enshrouded in anywhere from 50 to a few hundred . In in the small communities she serves . deep, chilling fog and rough seas . What I some cases, such as in Chignik, Sand The cabins and public spaces are encountered were extended periods of bril- Point, King Cove, Cold Bay and Akutan, functional, comfortable and Spartan – this liant sunlight late into the night and placid, the Tustumena provides the locals with the is clearly a workhorse vessel . The entire ship relatively smooth seas . There were occa- only opportunity to go out for a meal . is incredibly clean and exceptionally well- sional hours of cold fog, but when it cleared She’s referred to as the “McTusty ”. maintained . The crew exhibit great pride I witnessed astonishingly beautiful scenes Most of these small towns include a in their wonderful ship . Everything about of remote, rugged islands draped in deep large percentage of Aleut natives whose this 51-year-old vessel feels ultra-stout and green, with towering, snow-capped volca- primary source of income is fishing. heavy-duty, built for the roughest conditions noes, all surrounded by sparkling clear, cold The Tustumena is a vital life line for these seas can challenge her with . seas . One volcano, 9,000-foot Shishaldin, these remote communities, providing In the Tustumena’s twice-monthly erupted clouds of ash into the flawless blue transportation for locals, carrying locally (soon to be reduced to once-monthly), skies as we left Cold Bay after a visit to the caught fish to markets, and delivering 1,400-mile, weeklong voyages, she makes Isembek National Wildlife Refuge . various goods and necessities, heavy 15 stops . Departing Homer at 10:30 p .m ,. Unlike the lush rain forests of equipment and medical supplies . she’s at sea for 9 1/2 hours, arriving in Southeast Alaska, the Aleutian Islands In order to stay open, a school needs Kodiak at 8:15 a .m . Then she visits Old and lower Alaska Peninsula have very few to have at least ten students . The school Harbor, also on Kodiak Island, followed trees . The ones that do manage to survive in Cold Bay had recently closed when by a 21-hour run to Sand Point on the are generally quite small . With winter its enrollment dropped to four students . Alaska Peninsula, then King Cove, winds regularly reaching 100 miles per I saw some touching family reunions on Cold Bay, False Pass on the first of the hour, conditions are much too harsh for the docks in Sand Point and King Cove, Aleutian Islands, then a short stop at any sizable growth. Rich, deep green, low when children who had been away at Akutan, and finally the turnaround point ground cover is most prevalent . school in Anchorage and other places at Unalaska-Dutch Harbor . Retracing While Unalaska-Dutch Harbor, one returned home after long absences . The her voyage heading northeast, she also of the top fishing ports in the United Tustumena is clearly a very important part stops at Chignik on her way to Kodiak States, has a population of around 3,400 of the lives of the families who reside in and her arrival back in Homer . people, most of the isolated communities this beautiful, isolated region .

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n A typical two-berth cabin. n The purser’s counter. n The forward observation lounge.

Cort, the helmsman, was keeping us on a above, through the floor of the car deck. The Wonderful Crew steady course as he grasped the original After explaining all of the functions in the I frequently found myself on the wooden wheel of the helm, its top spoke control room, he gave me some ear plugs as outer deck that overlooks the bow of the worn and weathered after decades of we headed into the 90-plus-degree engine Tustumena, standing alone in the icy wind, guiding this venerable, legendary ferry room . He thoughtfully pointed out various looking out across the strangely calm sea through every kind of weather and sea aspects of the two massive diesel engines, toward magnificent, rugged, soul-stirring condition imaginable . I was even given the reduction gears and the electrical scenes like that of Castle Cape . Heading the opportunity to take the helm for a generators, pointing to the uptakes and into the Bering Sea at sunrise one morning while, which was very inspiring, to say the ventilators with a flashlight, and explaining an hour from Akutan, I was briefly joined least! Captain Dersham was gracious and the boiler system . We then stepped through by fellow passenger Camilla . She said, reserved, while Gabriel, standing watch, a watertight door into the room where one “You know, there could be 50-foot seas out recalled for me his experience of a German can see the propeller shafts rapidly rotating here . But you sea guys, you like that!” I film crew being aboard a couple of years and the gland through the hull, beyond smiled in agreement . ago, shooting a documentary of the ship which are the props . The huge fresh water On the way back “up the chain,” as a few and voyage . He said of us milled around the dock in Chignik, they had the camera Sandra, the purser, informed me that I rolling, unbeknownst would be invited up to the bridge in a few to him, as they hours as we traversed Shelikof Strait . You interviewed him can well imagine how thrilled I was! The in the ship’s bar . I bridge is generally off limits for passengers . managed to shoot a Sandra and I had had a fascinating bit of video myself as I discussion a couple of days earlier, when she wandered around the told me of her many years at sea working bridge, where one has aboard ships such as the wonderful 1952 SS an eagle’s eye view Monterrey and the Tustumena since the early forward over the bow . 1990s . Her husband had recently become Later that a member of the Steamship Historical afternoon Dohn, the Society of America and was quite smitten affable and highly with his issues of the PowerShips quarterly . knowledgeable chief I explained my lifelong love of ships and engineer, led me sea travel, particularly aboard the ships of down to the modern, the AMHS, and I told her that I worked well-laid-out engine playing the piano aboard the 1936 Queen control room . Dohn Mary in Long Beach, California . My said that prior to appreciation for the Tustumena evidently the re-engining in had led her to ask Captain Dersham if a 1995 the control bridge visit could be arranged for me . I room was a small, was so grateful for the privilege as I was non-air-conditioned, led past the officer’s quarters on Bridge uninsulated, noisy Deck to the quiet of the wheelhouse . space accessed from

PowerShips Spring 2017 • 37 ssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssss storage tank was here, along with a laundry Sheryl, the delightfully effervescent friendly and willing to take a bit of time area and an extensive repair facility and head waitress in the dining room, was out of their routine to talk about life on machine shop . All of the mechanical also a long-time Tustumena crew member . the Tustumena . Mark, my excellent cabin spaces and the equipment in them were She recounted tales of attempting to serve steward, was on his first voyage aboard spotlessly clean . The crew obviously work meals in a wildly heaving dining room as the ship . The deck crew, including Kurt, very hard and take great pride in their 30-foot seas battered the ship . She said Adrian, Kyle and Doug, always had a meticulously cared-for ship . Some had been that years ago there was a macho element hearty greeting and a smile as I returned working aboard the Tustumena for decades . among some of the crew as the Tustumena aboard after exploring the various ports Doug, who grew up in Kodiak, clearly headed out of port into rough weather . we stopped at . remembered the 1964 Good Friday, 9 .2 Not only do the tables have a significant magnitude earthquake and the subsequent lip around their edges, but underneath the The Interesting Passengers tsunami, which left a former World War dining room chairs are heavy cables with The passengers, who never numbered II Liberty Class, 440-foot fish-processing large screws that can be attached to the over 107 and generally far fewer, were an ship high up on an embankment near the deck in severe weather . interesting group . The voyage was largely harbor . It remains there to this day as the Despite the hard work and the long far off the beaten path and attracted Star of Kodiak . hours, the crew members were invariably independent, curious, highly individualistic people . Many were well-traveled, and the number of foreigners aboard surprised n Tractor-trailer being me, although Alaskans predominated, like unloaded from vehicle/ Dave and Camilla from Girdwood, south freight elevator on Alaska of Anchorage. Dave loved windsurfing Marine Highway's Turnagain Arm in the winter . Adam, Tustumena in the an Alaskan real estate appraiser, surfs at 1960s. The loading beaches from the Bering Sea to the eastern equipment, designed to Gulf of Alaska . Mickey became a resident deal with the extreme of Homer less than a year ago after living tides of Cook Inlet,is still her entire life in Arkansas, and she loves in use today. – Edward her new home . Steve from Juneau had lived O. Clark Collection, in Alaska for 42 years and had never seen SSHSA Archives. the Alaska Peninsula and the Aleutian Islands; he was thrilled with the experience. Lee and Carmen were a delightful couple from northern Vermont; Carmen proudly showed me the mug she had purchased aboard the Queen Mary . Judith and Kathy, from Sand Point, Idaho, became fast friends of mine, thoughtfully inviting me to join them at their table for dinner each evening, where we had many stimulating conversations . Kathy and Judith had been inspired to join the voyage by a PBS documentary celebrating the AMHS’s 50 years of service, and they were particularly interested in the segment covering the Tustumena and her unusual route . The foreign passengers were a diverse group . One imagines that it required some digging on their part to discover this unusual travel option . Almira was from and had spent many years searching out sacred places, and she would arrange her travels around spiritually significant

38 • Spring 2017 PowerShips Power Ships (2.25 x 4.75 inches) 1/6 page

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NEW! Blue Water Beat: the tWo lives of the Battle- n Tents can be pitched on the deck near the n 9,000-foot Shishaldin Volcano seen from ship uss California solarium and the funnel. Cold Bay. This 2nd edition brings the dates, in this case the summer solstice . seeing the Barren Islands for the first time. history of USS California Milko was a personable young German Our course was going to take us through who wanted to see the Aleutians, after a narrow pass between the islands . As into the 21st century. New which he intended to ride his bicycle we approached the pass the sun broke photos, up to date informa- up through Denali National Park and through and illuminated these lonely, tion. Hardcover, 8½x11, 320 head down the Alaska-Canada highway, uninhabited outposts in the western Gulf pp. 140+ photos. $44.95 + $5 through the United States and to of Alaska . I found their brooding starkness shipping. his final destination in . Allan, a deeply moving . well-traveled Australian and gifted writer, Later, in brilliant sun, I stood on the Free Catalog was on his third trip to explore Alaska, forward outer deck observing the sparkling 1-510-455-9027 always utilizing the AMHS to see the sunlight glinting off the starboard bow Online catalog at various regions . Ingrid was a smiling, wave. Quietly, inwardly summarizing the www.glencannon.com introspective, quiet woman from Berlin entire amazing experience aboard this who spoke flawless English that she had wonderful old ship, it occurred to me that learned while growing up in India . all of us on board had stepped back into another time, a long-vanished era . What an Appreciating the Voyage incredible privilege it had been to travel to As the Tustumena was nearing the end this isolated region aboard this legendary of her week-long journey out the chain, I AMHS ferry . awakened to heavy, leaden skies . Coffee in Sandra, the engaging, hard-working hand, I walked up to sit in the uppermost purser, had mentioned to me that she knew deck solarium near the funnel, looking Captain William Hopkins, a former master out into the misty gloom . As time passed of the Tustumena . She told me that Captain a faint, distinctive silhouette came into Hopkins was once asked to describe the view straight ahead . We were sailing M/V Tustumena in one word . Without through the notorious Area 3A and I was hesitation he said, “Courageous!”  About the Author Scott MacDonald has been an SSHSA member for over twenty years. Growing up in the small town of Ojai, California, he began his fascination with ships with a voyage aboard the SS Lurline in 1966 with his father and two brothers. After enjoying many ships over the years, a 2005 voyage with his son Tommy aboard the Alaska Marine Highway’s M/V Malaspina ignited an enduring appreciation for their ships and the beauty of the regions they sail through. He has been a pianist/vocalist aboard the RMS Queen Mary for years, presently performing in Sir Winston’s, along with establishments in Camarillo near his home in Ventura, California.

PowerShips Spring 2017 • 39 Shipbuilding & Shipping Through Two World Wars & Beyond, Part 2 by William D. Preston

n The Hughes Glomar Explorer sitting at its dock in Long Beach, California. – Photo courtesy of Ted Quackenbush.

40 • Spring 2017 PowerShips As a result, Japan and others ended up with new shipyards and new technologies, The Postwar Years such as computer-guided cutting of steel n October 8, 1949, plates to dimension, and computer- Sun Oil Company directed welding to assemble a ship . dedicated the Sun U .s . shipyards tended to have worn-out Seamen’s Memorial, equipment, non-competitive technology a large bronze statue and expensive labor rates . Also, Japan of a merchant marine introduced keiretsu, which tolerated low seaman gazing toward profits in the short run with a view toward the the long term . Plus keiretsu encouraged (and the Atlantic Ocean) at Delaware conglomerates and the efficient allocation Avenue and Green Street in Marcus of resources . By 1954 Japan’s industries Hook, Pennsylvania . The seaman is were fully competitive and by the 1960s wearing a sailor cap and has his duffel growing at 25 percent annually . bag over his shoulder . This memorial commemorates 141 brave officers and New, Larger Tankers seamen who lost their lives in World After the war, Sun Ship once again War II while serving aboard Sun Oil began building tankers, some of them for Company tankers 1. Sun Oil Company’s Marine Department . In a circle around the statue are seven Six new ones, built between 1946 and stone benches, each one engraved with 1948, were capable of carrying 141,000 the name of a Sun tanker from which Sun Seamen’s Memorial barrels of crude . They were the SS Sunoil, some Sun seamen were lost . The tankers Commemorating the Brave Men SS Mercury Sun, SS Maryland Sun, SS are SS J. N. Pew, MS Bidwell, MS Mercury Michigan Sun, SS Ohio Sun and SS Louisiana Sun, MS Pennsylvania Sun, MS Atlantic Sun, Who Gave Their Lives in Their Sun. The first two used the names of ships MS Sunoil and MS Sunoco . Arthur Paul Country’s Cause While Serving sunk during World War ii . Hoppe was the architect and Charles Aboard Sun Oil Company Tankers Then a new, larger class was Ruby the sculptor .2,3,4 introduced carrying 251,114 barrels In World War II there were ten other During World War II. of crude . They were the SS Delaware incidents, not counting the SS Schenectady, Dedicated October 8, 1949, Sun (the first Sun tanker with air- 5 of T2 tankers breaking up . Then, on Marcus Hook, Pennsylvania. conditioned crew quarters), the SS New February 18, 1952, two T2 tankers Jersey Sun, the SS Western Sun and the broke up and sank in a gale 30 miles Photo courtesy of Butch Kates, fleetsheet.com . SS Eastern Sun, all built between 1953 east of Chatham, Massachusetts . They and 1955 . At that time they were called were the SS Pendleton, a U .s . Maritime “supertankers” because they could carry Commission tanker built by Kaiser, and named for General and then Secretary more than 10 million gallons (238,095 the SS Fort Mercer built by Sun Ship . The of State George C . Marshall, delivered barrels) of oil . In 1959 and 1960, two Fort Mercer sinking featured one of the $13 billion (about $120 billion equivalent even larger tankers were built for the most daring rescues ever performed by today) in aid to stricken European fleet. They were the SS Pennsylvania the U .s . Coast Guard . That story was countries . Less well known was the Sun and the SS Texas Sun, each with a told in a 2016 film, “The Finest Hours.” similar American plan to aid Japan, 373,750-barrel capacity .6 Eventually a Coast Guard board of administered by General Douglas inquiry placed the blame on the steel McArthur and called SCAP (Supreme Other Postwar used in wartime construction, which Commander of the Allied Powers) . Shipyard Projects had too high a sulfur content, making it Additionally, military hostilities began brittle at low temperatures . The welding on the Korean peninsula and, beginning GTS Adm. Wm. M. Callaghan received a clean bill of health . in 1950, the U .s . government paid Japan Sun Ship built a fast cargo ship, During the war shipyards in Europe for war procurements amounting to 27 launched on October 17, 1967, for and Japan were damaged or destroyed percent of Japan’s total exports . American Export-Isbrandtsen, which was by Allied bombing . The Marshall Plan, Japan also relaxed anti-monopoly laws . subsequently chartered to the Military

PowerShips Spring 2017 • 41 Sealift Command as the GTS (Gas Turbine Ship) Adm. Wm. M. Callaghan and later called T-AKR 1001 . It’s a roll-on/ Postwar Tankers: 141,000 Barrels (1946-1948) roll-off cargo vessel that can carry up to Photos courtesy of Dave Boone 750 vehicles and has been used in the Vietnam, Iraq and Afghanistan wars. It was the first U.S. Navy ship to be solely powered by two gas turbine engines, and it has a speed of more than 21 knots . Its original Pratt and Whitney FT-4 engines developed 25,000 shp each . They were replaced in 1969 with the more powerful General Electric LM 2500 marine gas n SS Mercury Sun, August 7, 1954. n SS Sunoil, April 23, 1955. turbines, with 33,600 shp each . On December 10, 1986, the GTS Callaghan was transferred to the MARAD Ready Reserve Force, managed by the United States Maritime Commission, and is berthed at Alameda, California . She’s kept ready to be deployed on four days’ notice in the event of military need 7,8. n SS Ohio Sun, October 12, 1960. n SS Michigan Sun, August 14, 1954. SS Manhattan Shipyard in Quincy, Massachusetts . It refineries. In 1968 the Manhattan was was a huge and powerful tanker . Her brought into the largest dry dock in the Icebreaking Tanker twin steam turbines together developed United States at Sun Ship and cut into 43,000 shp and she had twin five-bladed four pieces . The existing 65-foot bow propellers and a speed of about 18 knots . section was stored there and a new, 125- At the time she was the largest merchant foot icebreaking bow was built in two ship to fly the American flag and the sections . The forward piece was built largest commercial ship ever built in the by Bath Iron Works and the after piece United States .9,10 by Sun Ship . Meanwhile, the forward The thought was that if an ice- section of the original ship was towed to breaking tanker could transit the Newport News to receive a 1 1/2-inch Northwest Passage, Prudhoe Bay crude icebelt to protect her sides . The midship n American icebreaking SS could be brought to U .s . East Coast section, including the bridge, was towed Manhattan works alongside Canadian CCGS Louis St-Laurent. Northern Baffin Bay, May 22, 1970. – Photo courtesy of WingedBadger via reddit. Other Sun Oil Company Events (1946–1964) The shipyard also converted an oil On March 18, Robert G. Dunlop became Sun Oil’s first non-Pew tanker, the SS Manhattan, into an 1947 president in 60 years . He joined Sun as an accountant and was ice-breaking tanker. She was the first handpicked by retiring President J . Howard Pew to take over the company . He commercial vessel to successfully was 37 . J . n . Pew was appointed chairman . navigate the Northwest Passage . This In July, Paul E . Atkinson was appointed president of Sun venture began with the discovery 1961 Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Company . He had previously been vice of oil at Prudhoe Bay in 1968 . The president of operations and led the rebuilding of the shipyard with fewer but project was sponsored by Humble (at greatly enlarged shipways . the time a subsidiary of Esso and later Exxon) and ultimately cost $54 million . On September 21, John g . Pew, long-time president of Sun The Manhattan was built in 1962 by 1964 Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Company, died . Bethlehem Steel at its Fore River

42 • Spring 2017 PowerShips Postwar Tankers: 251,114 Barrels (1953-1955) Photos courtesy of Dave Boone

n SS Western Sun, July 31, 1971.

n SS Delaware Sun, September 29, 1962. n SS Eastern Sun, July 22, 1972.

to Alabama Dry Dock and Shipbuilding a hull puncture with an oil spill in Arctic ships but never found her . Eventually for similar icebelt modification. The waters and the difficulties theManhattan she was declared lost with all hands 14. stern section stayed at Sun Ship to be had in forcing her way through the thick The USS Halibut identified her and her braced internally . All of the sections were ice, brought an end to the experiment . location in early August 1968 . returned to Sun Ship and rejoined . After Sun Ship removed the icebreaker bow In 1971 the Central Intelligence Agency modification, the ship was 1,005 feet and reattached her original bow and decided to try to recover her in a secret long instead of the original 940 feet, and the Manhattan continued in service until project called . No ship 115,000 dwt instead of 105,000 11. 1987 . Her career ended when Typhoon had ever been recovered from such a On August 24, 1969, the Manhattan Thelma drove her aground at Yosu, depth, and a large, specialized recovery traveled north from Chester to the Davis , July 27, 1987 . She was ship, like a , would be needed . The Strait, Baffin Bay, the Viscount Melville broken up in China on September 6, CIA enlisted to provide Sound and attempted the McClure 1987 12,13. a cover story, which was that she was a Strait but was turned back by heavy ice deep-sea mining ship intended to recover 15 to 20 feet high and diverted south USNS Hughes Glomar Explorer nodules from the ocean floor. through the Prince of Strait to the The CIA would pay for the ship and this Beaufort Sea to Prudhoe Bay, a voyage (T-AG-193) would be a black project (clandestine and of 4,500 miles . Along the way she was On April 11, 1968, the Soviet Golf- secret, and to some degree it still is) . The escorted and helped at different times II-class ballistic missile K-129 ship was ordered from Sun Ship, and Sun by the USCGC Staten Island, sank 1,560 nautical miles northwest Oil Company employees were told the USCGC Northwind, CCGS Louis S. St.- of at a depth of about three cover story about the manganese nodules . Laurent and CCGS John A. Macdonald . miles . She was diesel-electric powered I recall the vice president for Research At Prudhoe Bay a ceremonial barrel of and carried three SS-N-5 strategic and Engineering, Ted Burtis, coming by crude was loaded and she started back ballistic missiles in an elongated sail our laboratory to give us this cover story . to the east coast, reaching there on structure. K-129 was one of six such The ship, Hughes Glomar Explorer, was built November 12, 1969 . attached to the 15th for Global Marine Development, Inc . This round trip stirred up strong Submarine Squadron at the Rybachiy (a Hughes company) at a cost of more patriotic feelings in Canada about her Russian Pacific Fleet Submarine Base, than $350 million . She was launched on sovereignty in claiming most of the sea Kamchatka, in eastern Russia . The November 4, 1972 15. traversed as hers . This, plus the danger of Soviets searched with a large group of Glomar Explorer had a massive

PowerShips Spring 2017 • 43 Postwar Tankers: 373,750 Barrels (1959-1960) Photos courtesy of Dave Boone

n SS Texas Sun, July 15, 1972. n SS Pennsylvania Sun, September 1980. hoisting mechanism amidships and a dead crewmen . The eight crewmen were ship, capable of drilling deeper than any moon pool, a large opening in the base of given a formal burial at sea, which was other drilling rig . She was renamed the the hull to provide access to the ocean . A filmed. There remains doubt in some GSF Explorer . The ship was mothballed submersible barge intended to house the minds that only the forward 38 feet were with the Naval Reserve Fleet in Suisun claw to grasp the crippled sub was called recovered and there is still suspicion that Bay, California . It was then acquired by HMB-1 (Hughes Mining Barge 1) . When the whole submarine was lifted and three the Swiss drilling concern the Glomar Explorer left the shipyard the nuclear-tipped missiles were recovered . in 2010 . In April 2015 Transocean barge went with her . At sea, the barge The Los Angeles Times broke the announced that the ship would be submerged and the claw was lifted into story of Project Jennifer in February scrapped and she arrived at the Chinese the moon pool, hiding the barge from 1975 and the CIA refused to confirm or breakers in Zhousan on June 5, 2015 16. any prying eyes (as in Russian satellites) . deny the project under the Freedom of This combination reached the recovery Information Act . This type of answer site on July 4, 1974 . According to the to a request for information is now Sun Oil Buys its First story later released to the public, when called a “Glomar response ”. Jennifer Foreign-Built Tanker the claw gripped the submarine, the referred only to the security system used In 1970, deciding that tankers built submarine broke in two and only the to compartmentalize the project data. by Sun Ship were too expensive, Sun forward 38 feet was recovered . The real project name, Project Azorian, Oil’s Marine Department ordered its first The section recovered contained two wasn’t known until 2010 . Eventually tanker since 1917 from a competing yard . nuclear-tipped torpedoes, various code Glomar Explorer was converted to a The ship was the MT Southern Sun, built and communications items and eight dynamically positioned, deep-sea drilling by Astilleros Espanoles in Cadiz, Spain. She was the largest tanker that Sun had ever owned, with a capacity of 764,181 barrels of crude . When she arrived in Marcus Hook for the first time in October 1970, J . Howard Pew was waiting at the dock . He was 88 years old 17. Prior to 1970 Sun Oil had prided itself on registering its tankers under the American flag. This new and largest tanker was the first Sun tanker to fly a flag of convenience, in this case the flag of . These two changes, buying from a foreign shipyard and flying a foreign flag, brought on by shipbuilding

44 • Spring 2017 PowerShips Adm. Wm. M. Callaghan. Other Sun Oil Company Events (1965–1974) On November 27, J . 1971 Howard Pew died at age 89 . He began work for Sun September 15, 1901, and stepped down as board chairman in 1970 .

n (Above) Adm . Wm . M . Callaghan . – U.S. Robert g . Dunlop Navy photo. (Right) In August 1969, the Cal- 1974 retired as chairman and laghan shipped out of with the first CEO . During his time as president, battalion-sized package of P1-A field artillery mis- and later chairman, Sun’s business siles for troops in Germany. – U.S. Army photo. volume increased fivefold. Sun Oil Company economics, hurt the pride of many Sun 1975 invested $45 million to employees . The Oil Embargo, 1973–1974 build a new facility at Sun Ship that Based on conversations with friends, would permit building vessels over neighbors and relatives who either In October 1973 the members of 900 feet long and 130,000 dwt . worked for Sun Ship or for Sun’s Marine the Organization of Arab Petroleum Department, the Southern Sun turned Exporting Countries joined with Egypt, supply of sweet crude and its refineries out to be a major disappointment, being Syria and Tunisia to impose an oil weren’t equipped to run sour crude .20,21 unreliable in several respects . These embargo against the United States in problems were made evident on November retaliation for our decision to re-supply Sun Oil Company to Sun 23, 1976, when she lost power in heavy the Israeli military . By the end of the weather off the oil terminal at Zuetina, embargo in March 1974, the price of a Company, Inc. (1975–1998) Libya, and was driven aground . She barrel of imported oil had risen from In 1975 Sun Oil Company changed had 30,788 long tons of Libyan crude on $3 a barrel to nearly $12 . This caused a its name to Sun Company, dropping board and was proceeding to La Skhirra, stock market crash in the United States, the word “oil” from the name in an Tunisia, to complete loading crude for shortages of petroleum products and attempt to say that oil was no longer its Marcus Hook . Because of the temperature long lines at service stations . Saudi light only business . Assets amounted to more at that time of year and the nature of the crude climbed from about $15 a barrel than $5 billion . Fourteen subsidiary crude, it was gelatinous and went down in 1979 to about $38 a barrel in 1981 . companies were created at this time and the to the bottom with the ship, avoiding an In my opinion, Sun senior management company diversified into coal, information environmental incident . Both the ship and panicked . Sun didn’t have an assured technology, uranium and oil sands, and her cargo of crude were insured 18. Sun Oil next ordered two larger tankers from Kockums AB in Malmo, Sweden . They were the SS Pacific Sun and SS Atlantic Sun, both delivered in 1974 and both with capacities of 2,150,632 barrels . In tanker parlance they’re called Very Large Crude Carriers, defined as holding more than 2 million barrels and costing, in 2015 dollars, nearly $100 million each 19. These twins would turn out to be the largest tankers Sun Oil would ever own. They also flew flags of convenience .

PowerShips Spring 2017 • 45 it even attempted to get into the medical equipment business (Becton, Dickinson in 1978) . Eventually there were subsidiaries to the subsidiaries . Sun Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Company retained its same name as one of the subsidiaries, but the Marine Department became Sun Transport in 1979 23. Each of the 14 subsidiaries was expected to either be profitable or become profitable. Many could not. New subsidiaries created at that time besides Sun Transport included Sun Petrochemicals, Sunoco Logistics, Suncor n SS Prince William Sound at Padilla Bay, Washington. – Photo by Walter Seigmund. (the Canadian subsidiary), Sunoco Energy Development Co . (Sunedco: coal, uranium and alternative energies), and Sun Infor- mation Services (computer services) . It ap- Other Sun Company Events (1975–1997) peared that company management believed the world was running out of oil and began Sun Company built a new headquarters in Radnor, Pennsylvania . Sun to diversify into industries such as coal 1975 Ship was the last private shipyard operating on the Delaware River .30 where they had no business background or Theodore A . Burtis became president and COO . Sharbaugh continued as expertise and paid too much . At this point 1976 chairman and CEO . Sun’s assets were more than $5 billion . in its history Sun still had considerable cash . Paul E . Atkinson, president of Sun Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Company, 1977 retired . Peter s . Hepp was elected president in his place . On February Sun Shipbuilding’s 15, 1977, Sun Ship launched what would turn out to be its last ship, the SS Westward Venture, a roll-on/roll-off cargo vessel built for Totem Ocean Trailer Express Inc . for Environmental-Class Tankers shipping between Tacoma, Washington, and Anchorage, Alaska . She could hold 386 By the late 1970s increasing foreign 40-foot trailers and 126 automobiles . competition, decreasing government contracts, and rising steel, fuel and labor Theodore A . Burtis became CEO of Sun Company . H . Robert costs were hurting the U . s . shipbuilding 1978 Sharbaugh resigned as chairman in September 1978 .31 industry . Sun Ship built the SS Prince Theodore A . Burtis became chairman of the board of Sun Company . William Sound for Sun Company in 1979 1975, along with two tankers for Alaska Tanker Company, the SS Tonsina and SS Sunoco announced that it had lost $200 million trying to keep Sun Ship Kenai . These three Ecology-class tankers 1980 going 30. amounted to a prediction of the future In January, Sun Company announced that it was leaving the shipyard by Sun Ship .24 They were designed to 1981 business . It estimated that the shipyard would sell for $30 million–$40 be safe operating in Alaskan waters million . Sun Ship had built 628 ocean-going ships in the 64 years from 1916 to 1981 . and were double-hulled instead of the 32,33 Other sources give 674 hulls counting . conventional single hull . This made In February, Sun sold Sun Ship for $8 million to Levingston Shipbuilding them safer to operate and reduced the 1982 Company and it was renamed Pennsylvania Shipbuilding (Penn Ship) . likelihood of a crude oil spill from low- speed collisions with reefs, etc .25,26 Penn Ship closed . This marked the end of shipbuilding on the Delaware It turned out to be an important 1989 River . It began in 1682 and continued for more than 300 years . At one forecast (even to the Sun ship’s name) time there were 38 shipyards on the Delaware, and it was nicknamed the “American when the Exxon Valdez struck Bligh Reef Clyde” after the River Clyde in Scotland, then the center of European iron in Prince William Sound on March 24, shipbuilding 34. 1989, and 260,000 barrels of Prudhoe Sun sold its last two tankers, the MT New York Sun and the MT Philadelphia Bay crude leaked, causing one of the most 1997 Sun, ending Sun Transport, which began in 1902 . devastating human-caused environmental disasters ever .

46 • Spring 2017 PowerShips The Oil Pollution Act of 199027 23 “Sun Transport/Sun Company: A Growing prevented any ship after March 22, 1989, References Heritage,” A Sun Transport Employee Handout, that has caused an oil spill of more than 1 “Dedication, Sun Seamen’s Memorial,” Marcus mid-1980s. one million U .s . gallons in any marine Hook, Pennsylvania, October 8, 1949. 24 “S.S. Prince William Sound,” www.fleetsheet. area from operating in Prince William 2 “Sun Seamen’s Memorial,” www.fleetsheet.com. com/princewilly.htm. Sound . The Act also banned single-hull 3 “Sun Seamen’s Memorial, War Memorials in 25 “Oil tanker” https.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/. tankers of 5,000 gross tons or more from Marcus Hook,” www.marcushookboro.com. 26 “Center for Tankship Excellence,” www.c4tx.org. U .s . waters from 2010 on . It’s estimated 4 “Sun Ship Casualties in WWII,” Civil Air 27 “Oil Pollution Act of 1990,” (101 H.R.1465, that once the current fleet is replaced Patrol Volunteer, January–March 2015, P.L. 101-380). with double hulls, the new tankers will be pp 16–19, cap.imirus.com/ Mpowered/book/ 28 “Foreign Fleet: Foreign flagged ships in the Sun four to six times less likely to spill crude . vcap15/i1/. oil fleet,” www.fleetsheet.com. The International Convention for the 5 “SS Fort Mercer,” https.en.wikipedia.org/wiki. 29 “US Flag Fleet: U. S. flagged ships in the Sun Prevention of Pollution from Ships by 6 “Marine Department, Sun Oil Company,” au- oil fleet,” www.fleetsheet.com. MARPOL (Marine Pollution) has been thor unknown, Sunoco document, 1961, www. 30 “Last Shipyard Died Trying to Finish Military signed . All single-hulled tankers around dieselduck.net. Fuel Ships,” The Free Lance-Star, Fredericks- the world will be phased out by 2026 . 7 “GTS Admiral W . M . Callaghan (T- burg, Virginia, October 23, 1989, page 6. AKR-1001),” https://en.wikipeida.org/wiki/. 31 The Takeover Barons of Wall Street: Inside Sun Transport’s 8 “GTS Admiral W . M . Callaghan,” www. the Billion-Dollar Merger Game, Richard marad.dot.gov/resources/multimedia-gallery/gts- Phalon, New York: G. P. Putnam’s Sons, 1981. Final Six Tankers callaghan/. 32 “Sun Ship Statistics & History,” www.sunship. After being made a subsidiary in 1975 9 “A Supertanker Voyage Through the Northwest org., hullmas.pdf [628 hulls completed, ships and Sun Transport ordered an additional six Passage,” www.gi.alaska.edu. barges]. tankers . The MT Mediterranean Sun was a 10 “Breaking Ice for Arctic Oil: The Epic Voyage 33 “Sun Ship Historical Website and Home Page,” 1,048,434-barrel tanker built in 1978 by of the SS Manhattan Through the Northwest www.sunshiporg.homestead.com. Mitsui in Japan . Passage.” Coen, Ross A., Fairbanks: University 34 “After 300 years, no shipbuilding on Delaware,” Sun Ship built its final two tankers for of Alaska Press, 2012. Internet resource. The Free Lance-Star, Fredericksburg, Sun Transport in 1980 . They were the 11 “SS Manhattan (1962),” https.en.wikipedia. Virginia, October 23, 1989, page 6. MT New York Sun and the MT Philadelphia org/wiki/. Sun, each of about 250,000-barrel 12 “SS Manhattan & the Northwest Passage,” capacity . Then Hayashikone in Japan www.sunshiporg.homestead.com/manhattan.html. built two more ships for Sun in 1981 . 13 “SS Manhattan, Marine Exchange of About the Author They were the MV Nordic Sun and the Alaska,” www.mxak.org/community/manhat- SSSHSA MV Chippewa, each of 152,198-barrel tan/manhattan.html. Member Bill capacity .28 14 “Soviet Submarine K-129 (1969),” https. Preston served Sun Transport’s final tanker came in en.wikipedia.org/wiki/. in a variety of 1982 with the 274,714-barrel SS Tropic 15 “The Hughes Glomar Explorer’s Mission,” positions at Sunoco Sun built by Bethlehem Steel .29 The last w3.the-kgb.com. over 37 years: tankers owned by Sun Transport were 16 “GSF Explorer,” https.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ fuel and lubricant the New York Sun and Philadelphia Sun GSF_Explorer. development, Roger twins, both sold in 1997 . 17 Sun News, December 1971, p. 2. Penske Racing support, Sun Information 18 “Complaint of Sun Schiffahrts G.m.b.H & Services regional marketing manager and Co.,” U. S. District Court, September 19, facility management and security and Fate of the Former disaster recovery for Sunoco’s Computer 1984. Sun Shipbuilding Properties 19 “Someone’s Got to Haul All That Oil,” Wall Center. The Center was sold to Accenture, The large amount of waterfront land Street Journal, June 26, 2015, p. C1. where he worked until his retirement two once occupied by Sun Shipbuilding and 20 “1973 Oil Crisis,” https.en.wikipedia.org/ years later. Bill holds a BS in Chemical Dry Dock Company is now industrial wiki/. Engineering from Penn State. He and facilities (Kimberly-Clark and Boeing 21 “Oil Embargo, 1973–1974,” Office of the his wife, whom he met at Sunoco, live in Rotocraft Systems), a commercial cargo Historian, U. S. Department of State. Prescott, Arizona. Bill is a life member of terminal (Penn Terminals), a Pennsylvania 22 “He Made Sun Oil Rise: Robert G. Dunlop,” the National Defense Industrial Association State Correctional Institute, and Harrah’s Warton Alumni Magazine, Spring 2007, and the Society of Automotive Engineers. Chester Racetrack and Casino .  University of Pennsylvania.

PowerShips Spring 2017 • 47 The SSHSA annual Awards 2016

sshsa Ship Ship of the Year: USCGC Ingham of the proud veteran of two wars and the Cuban Ye a r Mariel Boat Lift, the USCGC Ingham now serves 2016 as a floating National Historic Landmark and National Memorial to Coast Guardsmen who Alost their lives in World War II and Vietnam. Built at Philadelphia Naval Shipyard, she served from 1936 to 1988 in a variety of situations, including the Atlantic (31 Convoys), Mediterranean and Pacific Theaters in World War II. She is the last U.S. warship afloat today to have sunk a Nazi U-Boat (U-626), and she served as the Flagship n Ingham as she appears today (inset, above) in Key West, FL, and (large when General MacArthur re-captured the Philippine photo) underway in heavy North Atlantic seas on convoy escort duty during Island of Corregidor in 1945 . She also served as a Flagship World War II. – Photos courtesy USCGC Ingham Memorial Museum. for Admiral Arthur Struble in the Leyte Gulf amphibious landings . At war’s end, she served as Flagship for the South

48 • Spring 2017 PowerShips Each year the Steamship The SSHSA annual Historical Society of America recognizes ships and individuals that have made significant contributions to the history of Awards 2016 engine-powered vessels. Tugboat of the Year: Hercules

he Hercules was built in 1907 at one of the East Coast’s foremost tug builders, John H . Dialogue and Son, and represented the apex of ocean-going tugs at the turn of the T19th century . Lovingly restored to operational steaming condition by her dedicated crew of volunteers and full- time staff, the Hercules provides a crucial link to the tug technology of the late 19th and early 20th centuries . The Hercules also represents an important connection to Ship of the Year: USCGC Ingham China Naval Forces under RADM Elliot Buckmaster in the economic China, Formosa and Vietnam. and cultural n (Above) Hercules early in her career. The Ingham remains the only cutter to ever be awarded two development of –SSHSA Archives. (At top) The preserved Presidential Unit Citations for extraordinary heroism in action the West Coast Hercules on display at the against an armed enemy on or after December 7, 1941, for duty of the United Maritime National Historical Park. – in Vietnam that included 92 gunfire support missions and two States, something Photo by David Davila major operations, “Swift Raider” and “Sea Lords ”. she played a major part in during her voyages from San After the ship was decommissioned, she was donated to Francisco to ports as far away as Alaska, Panama and the Maritime Museum in Charleston, South Hawaii . Carolina, as a museum ship . She was transferred to Key Today, the Hercules stands as a testament to her past West, Florida, in 2009 to be the centerpiece of the USCGC and the West Coast Maritime community as a whole, and Ingham Memorial Museum on the former U .s . Navy Base at she will continue do so for generations to come, due to Truman Waterfront . the extraordinary efforts of her inspirational and talented Her motto is as relevant today as it will be in the future: crew, the and the San Francisco Never too old to serve. Maritime National Historical Park .

PowerShips Spring 2017 • 49 Jay Allen Award Samuel Ward Stanton Award for Distinguished Editorial Service for Lifetime Achievement CAPT H.F. “Gerry” & William Marguerite Lenfest Frappier

APT William Frappier passed away in 2015, but we are Cpleased to recognize his legacy by honoring him for distinguished editorial service and writing in Steamboat Bill and PowerShips . This is a relatively new award category for those souls sharing a kinship with our publication’s founder Joseph “Jay” Allen . As an instigator of Steamboat Bill of Facts on American Steamboats and Related Subjects with C . Bradford Mitchell, Jay Allen also was the voice of the earliest “Heard on the Fantail” features in our magazine. Our only regret is that we did not have the opportunity to present this to CAPT n Marguerite and H.F. “Gerry” Lenfest received the Samuel Frappier himself . Ward Stanton Award from SSHSA Executive Director Matthew Schulte and President Mary Payne at the Ship History Center in Warwick, RI. Libations Restaurant Lounge hile typically honoring only one SMALL PLATES • BIG FLAVOR • GREAT VALUE person annually, we recognize the important role that both Mr . and Mrs . Lenfest have played together Wthroughout their lives as husband and wife, in business and philanthropically . Together, they exemplify all that SSHSA stands for: wisdom, a steady hand on the wheel, humor, poise, , perseverance, leadership, trust and vision . With the admiration, dedication and support of family and friends, the Lenfests have lived the American dream and accomplished more than most . They serve as an inspiration and example to all . Through their work as stewards of the Ocean Project; marina and boatyard owners; patrons of education, history and the arts; and benefactors of maritime causes, they have created a lifetime of opportunities for current Libations Restaurant & Lounge and future generations that are far too numerous to list . at the RADISSON HOTEL PROVIDENCE AIRPORT 2081 Post Road • Warwick, RI 02886 401.598.2121 • www.radisson.com/warwickri

50 • Spring 2017 PowerShips Regionals Shipping News from Points Around the Compass

More Orders for LNG-Powered Ships arnival Corporation announced Cthat it was expanding its LNG- powered fleet by signing a memorandum of agreement with Germany’s and ’s Meyer for three cruise ships . The trio will be fully powered by liquefied natural gas, the n French ship Jacques Cartier at Stokes Hill Wharf, Darwin, . (See “More Expedition cleanest-burning fossil fuel . Ship Orders”) – Ken Hodge photo. Two of the 180,000-grt newbuilds are designated for and number 715 and is scheduled for delivery will be built by Meyer Turku at its Turku, in summer 2021 . Finland, yard . Deliveries are slated for Italian media claims is poised 2020 and 2021 . The third 180,000-grt to receive an order for six Norwegian ship will be built for P&O Cruise UK Cruise Lines megaships . Deliveries of the by Meyer Werft at its Pappenburg, 130,000-grt vessels will start in 2022 . Germany, yard with delivery expected in 2020 . The 5,200-passenger ship will be More Expedition P&O’s largest cruise vessel to date . P&O Ship Orders is expected to order a second 180,000-grt roatia’s Brodosplit Shipyard will newbuild for delivery in 2022–23 . The Cbuild a Polar Class 6 expedition vessel new ships will replace Oriana, Aurora and for Oceanwide Expeditions (Vlissingen). Arcadia in the fleet starting in 2019. The The 196-passenger vessel will be 353 feet last named ship was to go to Fathom (see by 58 feet with a crew of 69 . Powered by SE & Gulf Coast) . two engines with a total output of 4,200 kw, Royal Caribbean Cruises joined the ship will cruise at a maximum speed of the move toward LNG-powered 15 knots and be delivered in 2019 . ships when it signed a memorandum Croisieres M/S Jacques-Cartier Inc . of understanding with Meyer Turku plans to launch a series of St . Lawrence for a new class of 200,000-grt “Icon” River cruises in summer 2018 . The vessels . The memorandum calls for two Jacques Cartier is undergoing conversion 5,000-passenger LNG fuel cell-powered into a 66-passenger “environmentally ships to be delivered in 2022 and 2024 . friendly” expedition ship that will offer Saga Cruises has firmed up its order cruises ranging from five to ten days. for a second 56,850-grt ship from Meyer The vessel was built in 1924 by Davies Werft . The latest vessel will be yard Shipbuilding and Repairing Company

PowerShips Spring 2017 • 51 at Lauzon, Canada, for use as a ferry by Lachine Ferry Company . It was converted into an excursion boat and fitted with new engines in 1975. Crystal Cruises has increased its expedition yacht order from one to three vessels . The 200-passenger, 25,000- grt vessels will be built by MV Wert, a consortium of shipyards owned by parent n MSC Splendida on part of her maiden voyage to passes under the 25 de Abril Genting Hong Kong, with deliveries Bridge in Lisbon, Portugal. (See “More Chinese Market News”) – Jolly Janner photo. in 2019, 2020 and 2021. The firm also announced that it was rebranding fleetmateMSC Lirica, which began sailing Delays continue to plague AIDAperla . Crystal Yacht Cruises to Crystal Yacht from China this past May . The homeport The latest delay forced the postponement Expedition Cruises . and itineraries for MSC Splendida have yet of her Western Mediterranean debut to be announced . from Palma de Mallorca from July until Carnival/Chinese Joint AIDAbella will not be repositioned to September 2017 . Venture Moves Ahead China in 2017 as originally announced . arnival Corporation signed a non- Instead the ship will sail in the Western Virgin Makeover Cbinding memorandum of agreement Mediterranean . The ship will eventually onths before beginning to build two cruise ships with China be deployed in China, but no exact date Moperation, Virgin Cruises State Shipbuilding Corporation in a deal has been announced for this action . announced that it was dropping Cruises also involving China Investment Capital Carnival Cruise Lines’ for Voyages. The firm promised to Corporation . The ships will be owned in will remain in year-round instead “change cruising for good” and stated China by Carnival Corporation’s joint of moving to China for the winter of that travel “should celebrate your curiosity venture and will be registered to a yet-to- 2018 . The ship will return to Australia and not force you to follow one itinerary ”. be-named domestic brand . Both vessels immediately after its refurbishment in A tagline on the company’s Twitter will measure 133,500 grt and will feature Singapore in May 2018 . reads: “We’re here to make your travels Chinese and Western designs. The first of Carnival also announced that they irresistible . These will not be your average the 5,000-passenger ships will be delivered were postponing plans to relocate Carnival cruise ships.” Construction of Virgin in 2022 and will be built upon the and to China in Voyage’s inaugural ship will begin at Vista platform . The memorandum includes 2017 and 2018 respectively . These plans Fincantieri’s yard in 2017 . It’s the an option for two additional vessels . When have been shelved until 2019 . first of Virgin’s three 2,800-passenger, the joint venture was originally announced, 110,000-grt ships to be built . plans called for five ships. AIDA News IDAprima will end her year-round Celestyal Cruise News More Chinese Market News Adeployment from Hamburg, n November 10 Celestyal Nefeli SC Cruises will send a second Germany, in 2017 . The ship will spend Oa) Crown Jewel b) Cunard Crown Jewel Mship to China in 2018 . The the 2017–18 winter season cruising from c) SuperStar Gemini d) Clipper Jewel e) Vision 4,363-passenger MSC Splendida will join the Canary Islands . Star f) Gemini became the largest vessel to

n AIDAbella hours before leaving the Port of Las Palmas in the Canary Islands. (See “More Chinese Market News”) – Claunia photo.

52 • Spring 2017 PowerShips Seychelles, it will shift to the West Indies in November 2017 . The vessel will alternate between British West Indies and Saint Barthelemy and West Indies Yachting itineraries through 2018 . MSC Armonia a) European Vision is offering a total of 17 sailings from Havana between November and March 2017 . Voyages range from seven to 14 nights. Sea Adventurer’s Transformation uark Expeditions signed a Qcontract with Ulstsein Verft for the conversion of Sea Adventurer a) Alla Tarasova n Celestyal Crystal is to be based in Cuba. (See “Celestyal Cruise News”) – photo. b) Clipper Adventurer into a virtually new ship . The work on the 4,376-grt ship, built safely transit the Corinth Canal . “The problem is the shipyards are full in 1977, will take place at Norway in early Celestyal Cruises’ Celestyal Olympia and the earliest we would get a newbuild April 2017 . The project includes installing a) Song of America b) Sunbird c) Thomson would be 2021 or 2022 ”. new engines, generators, gear boxes and Destiny d) Louis Olympia will be based in drive systems, and re-blading propellers . the Persian Gulf from November 2017 CDF Closing Outside cabins, the forward lounge until April 2018 . The 1,664-passenger DF Croisieres de France will and bar and other amenities will be ship will offer three- and four-night Ccease operating ships dedicated to the renovated . Passenger cabins will receive cruises from Dubai to Muscat (Oman), French market in 2017 . The company is new bathrooms and the Main Lounge Doha (Qatar) and Bahrain . closing its Paris office and directing future and Main Dining Room will be upgraded The line confirmed that Celestyal Crystal clients to the Madrid office of Pullmanture. before work is completed in mid-June . a) Viking Saga b) Sally Albatross c) Leeward d) SuperStar Taurus e) Silja Opera f) Opera g) Redeployments Black Watch Refurbishment Cristal h) Louis Cristal would be based in UI’s British offshoot Thomson red Olsen’s Black Watch a) Royal Cuba year-round from November 2017 . TCruises will be basing three ships FViking Star b) Westward c) Star Odyssey Following Thomson Holidays’ return in the Caribbean . TUI Discovery a) entered Hamburg’s Blohn + Voss ship- of Thomson Spirit a) Nieuw Amsterdam b) Splendour of the Seas and TUI Discovery 2 yard for a multi-million-dollar refurbish- Patriot c) Nieuw Amsterdam, Celestyal is a) Legend of the Seas will sail respectively ment November 20 . During the ship’s considering adding her as a second ship in from Bridgeton, Barbados, and Montego 26 days in dry dock, work focused on Cuba starting in November 2017 . If this Bay, Jamaica . The Thomson Celebration refitting 423 cabins with a new in-cabin takes place, the second ship will be based a) Noordam will be based at La Romana, interactive TV system, refurbishing in Havana and would offer three- and Dominican Republic . bathrooms and making safes and mini- four-day cruises in keeping with the line’s The new Caribbean itineraries will bars standard in staterooms . The Garden successful Aegean cruise model . include St . Lucia, , and Antigua, Café on Deck 6 was converted into a Also returning from her Thomson St . Maarten and Martinique while new Scottish-themed restaurant named charter, Celestyal’s 1,462-passenger Guatemala’s port of Santo Tomas de Brigadoon . The Braemar Courtyard Thomson Majesty a) Royal Majesty b) Norwegian Castilla will be introduced on a new Lounge on Deck 6 was transformed into Majesty c) Louis Majesty will be deployed in itinerary for TUI Discovery 2 with trips an al a carte specialty restaurant . Black the Western Mediterranean . The planned from Barbados, including calls at St . Watch’s main 340-seat restaurant, The itinerary will visit smaller ports that are not Thomas and San Juan for TUI Discovery. Glentanaur, was expanded and equipped served by the larger cruise liners . Crystal Yacht Expedition Cruises with new furniture, carpet and curtains Celestyal also said that it’s in the changed the itinerary for its 1989-built, as were bar areas and the Lido Lounge . market for two 60,000-grt newbuilds . 72-passenger Crystal Espirit a) Lady Diana The Morning Light Pub was moved to a The new medium-sized, 1,800-passenger b) Lady D c) Aurora I d) MegaStar Taurus. space formerly occupied by the Braemar ships have been designed by ship architect Currently serving the Mediterranean Lounge and renamed Neptune Bar . The Knud E . Hansen . Celestyal’s CEO stated, down the Indian Ocean to the ship resumed service on December 15 .

PowerShips Spring 2017 • 53 Christenings iss USA Deshauna Barber, the Mfirst military woman to win the honor, served as godmother for the 3,954-passenger when the vessel was christened in New York on November 4 . The 133,596-grt ship relocated to Miami following an 11-night inaugural Caribbean round-trip cruise from New York . The 226,963-grt was christened at Port Everglades on November 10 . Brittany Affolter, a south Florida teacher and leader of Teach for America, served as the 5,479-passenger n Black Watch. (See “Black Watch Refurbishment,” page 53) – Fred Olsen Cruise Lines photo. vessel’s godmother . will be marketed by CruiseAfter and d) MSC Melody was to be determined at Newbuilds Named will be available for charters, small and a Bombay High Court’s auction on No- SC’s 167,600-grt newbuild will large events, and for overnight and longer vember 21 . The outcome of this auction Mbe named MCS Bellissima following cruises . As this was written, there were was not known as this was being written . delivery in 2019 . The 5,386-passenger reports that the ship’s operating com- Financially troubled New Imperial vessel will be constructed by STX France . pany, HSD Sunnhordland AS, planned Star a) Dmitry Shostakovitch b) Paloma I c) Two of Celebrity’s Edge-class to convert her into a living museum to be Royale Star departed her longtime lay- newbuilds have been officially name located at Leirvik . up berth at Hong Kong on September Celebrity Edge and Celebrity Beyond. Names Aranui 3 was sold to Al Marine 9, 2016 . She arrived at the Bhavnage for the third and fourth Edge-class vessels Supplies & Equipment of Dubai in anchorage off Alang on October 11, have yet to be announced . August and has been renamed M2. No 2016, to wait for beaching . Ponant’s four newbuilding luxury plans for her future were announced . Japan’s Ogasawara Kaiun sold its yachts will be named Le Laperouse, Le 833-passenger/cargo ship Ogasawara Champlain, Le Bougainville and Le Kerguelen Vessels Scrapped Maru, dating from 1997, for breaking . in tribute to great French explorers who he fate of the neglected Qing a) The 6,679-grt vessel arrived off Alang, set sail to discover new continents . The TAtlantic b) Starship Atlantic c) Melody India, as Ogasa on November 23 to first two will enter service prior to the summer 2018 season and will be followed by the second pair in summer 2019 . Hurtigruten’s two hybrid-propelled newbuilds will be named after the famous Norwegian polar explorers Roald Amundsen and Fridtjof Nansen. The pair will be built by Kleven for delivery in 2018 and 2019 . There’s an option for two more vessels of this class . Ships Sold he 1,105-grt Brahe a) Kilchernan Tb) Sunnhordland c) Kristina Brahe was acquired by Norwegian businessmen in August . She returned to her new home port of Leirvik (near Haugesund) on n Cruise ship New Imperial Star, seen here as Paloma I, in Kiel harbor, Germany. (See November 3 carrying her postwar name “Vessels Scrapped”) – Photo courtesy of the author. of Sunnhordland. The 200-passenger ship

54 • Spring 2017 PowerShips wait for beaching . She was recently replaced by a new vessel with the same name . A late report states that the ship is anchored off Panjim, Goa . Has this vessel been given a reprieve? Casualties ed Star a) Lemnos b) Panagia MTinou c) Trabazon was destroyed by a fire that began in her forward cargo deck while she was berthed at Tripoli, Lebanon, on August 11. The blaze quickly spread throughout the vessel . A small fire broke out onboard SeaDream I a) Sea Goddess I b) Seabourn Goddess I off the Calabrian coast during n Ocean Gala, seen here as Island Escape, at the Port of Funchal, Madeira. (See “Updates) the morning hours of September 1 . – Allie Caulfield photo The damaged hull of was towed from Genoa’s main harbor Thomson Majesty a) Royal Majesty b) its deliberate pollution of the seas on to nearby Dry Dock Number 4 on Norwegian Majesty c) Louis Majesty had a August 23, 2013, when a “magic pipe” September 1. The final scrapping of the small fire break out in the engine room was used to discharge oil waste from remains of the ill-fated vessel will take while cruising off the coast of , . Princess will pay a place there . Italy, on October 21. The blaze was $40 million penalty . Carnival Vista caused extensive extinguished but left the ship drifting damage to harbor piers and a yacht without propulsion and power while Updates marina at Messina while docking on en route to Corsica . The engines were cean Gala a) Scandinavia b) September 6 . A local pilot was on board restarted after a blackout lasting several OStarDancer c) Viking Serenade at the time . hours and the ship returned to Livorno . d) Island Escape arrived at Esbjerg Damage to the hydraulic system The ship remained there for two days November 8 after a bunkering stop off of the rudder gear forced Albatros a) for inspection and repairs . . The ship spent several months Royal Viking Sea b) Royal Odyssey c) P&O Cruises’ Azura was forced to in Utansjo, Sweden, after plans to use d) Norwegian Star 1 e) extend its November 1 call at Punta her as a refugee accommodation ship Crown f) Mare Nostrum Crown to return Delgada in the Azores because of a failed . She was awaiting sailing orders to Bremerhaven’s Columbus Cruise technical issue . The 3,100-passenger as this went to press . Center on September 28 . The ship’s 800 ship remained in port overnight and for Construction of the $145-million passengers were briefly stranded at sea an extra day while repairs were made . Titanic replica commenced with a keel- until the vessel was towed back to port . Passengers on the November 13 laying ceremony in China’s southwestern Following repairs, Albatros suffered the cruise from Palma of Pullmantur’s Sichuan province on November 30 . The same incident, dropped anchor, and was Sovereign a) Sovereign of the Seas were reproduction vessel will become part returned to port with assistance from furious over the state of the ship and the of Star Energy Investments’ plans for a two Svitzer salvage tugs. continuous work in progress during the tourist resort along the Qijiang River in a) R Three struck a voyage . According to reports, workers Sichuan’s Daying County following her breakwater at Nice after an unexpected were ripping up carpets and cleaning completion in late 2017 . change in wind conditions on October pipes day and night . Chemicals used Crystal Cruises has further 16 . The collision resulted in damage to caused strong smells that “poisoned” delayed the delivery of the first new the port side of the ship under the water children and the elderly . To make 1,000-passenger ocean-going ship from line . The 669 passengers and 382 crew matters worse, the ship’s doctor didn’t 2019 until 2022 .  were returned to Barcelona where the speak passengers’ native language of cruise was cancelled along with a future Spanish. Pullmantur apologized for n Write Peter T. Eisele at 74 cruise . Pacific Princess returned to service “any inconvenience” on Facebook . Chatham Street, Chatham, NJ 07928 or with a cruise from Civitavecchia on agreed to plead [email protected] October 28 . guilty to seven felony charges from

PowerShips Spring 2017 • 55 Philly Shipyard Lays Keel of Kinder Morgan Tanker n September 26, Philly Shipyard Ohad a ceremony to mark the laying of the keel of the third Kinder Morgan Product Tanker . The vessel is part n Illustration of newbuild vessel for American Cruise Lines. (See “Trifecta: Three Newbuilds for of a quartet for American Petroleum American Cruise Lines”) – American Cruise Lines photo. Tankers, which is a Kinder Morgan, Inc ,. subsidiary . When the as-yet-unnamed The third vessel will be a riverboat the ability to handle greater breakbulk tanker is completed in 2017 it will be 600 and will be the lead in a new series . The cargo, and an increase in capacity for feet in length with a capacity of 50,000 only details thus far are that the passenger automobile imports . Over the plan tons of crude oil or refined petroleum capacity will be about 195 guests . period, employment in the port is pegged products . As with its predecessors, this to increase from 10,341 to 17,020 . vessel is being built to make it capable of Philadelphia Port News using LNG fuel in the future . overnor Tom Wolff has recently Port of Wilmington Gannounced a $300 million capital Looking to Expand Trifecta: Three Newbuilds investment program for the Port of elaware’s port continues its plans for American Cruise Lines Philadelphia . This three-year initiative Dfor expansion with the purchase of n November the largest American- will begin this year and be finalized the closed Edge Moor Chemical plant . Iflagged cruise operator, American in 2020 . The improvements will be at With this acquisition the stage may Cruise Lines, announced that it will the Packer Avenue Marine Terminal, include new docks for container ships at be adding three new ships to its fleet. the Tioga Marine Terminal, and the either Edge Moor or another location . First to come into service will be the auto-handling operation. Specific goals Final purchase arrangements are coastal vessel American Constellation. She, include doubling container capacity, targeted for spring 2017 . along with her as-yet-unnamed sister and a new riverboat, will come from Chesapeake Shipbuilding in Salisbury, Maryland . The 170-passenger American Constellation is nine weeks ahead on the construction cycle . Currently interior work is being done, such as the marble- tiled bathrooms and the installation of large panoramic, sliding glass doors in the staterooms . Her signature red, white and blue stack was recently fitted topside . Innovations on the ship include wing stabilizers, the most up-to-date green propulsion technology, and the largest staterooms with private balconies in the industry . Her sister ship, already well along in construction, is targeted n USS Zumwalt (DDG-1000). (See “The ‘Stealthy, Powerful & Lethal...”) – U.S. Navy photo. for a 2018 delivery .

56 • Spring 2017 PowerShips days earlier for the one-day voyage to this year and beginning of next year, The “Stealthy, Powerful, . After port visits Zumwalt will according to MarineLink com. . & Lethal” USS Zumwalt make the transit to its homeport at San The two ferries will be powered Visits Norfolk Diego, California . by Volvo Penta 13-liter 400-hp diesel he USS Zumwalt (DDG-1000) engines . Mark Stemple, project manager T–having the distinction of being New Lobster Boat at HRT, said that the engine choice was the U .s . Navy’s newest warship and Under Construction based on the 2014 successful repowering hailed by several sources as its “most of an existing vessel, Elizabeth River Ferry technologically advanced surface ship” III, with the same type of propulsion . The –arrived at on engines provided improved fuel economy, Wednesday, September 14 . Earlier in reduced emissions and high performance . the week, Zumwalt departed Newport, Rhode Island, the ’s inaugural Cargo Ship Aground port visit, where it was visited by students Near Fort Macon from the as well as government and military officials. n Illustration of Two Dukes when it is com- Zumwalt is the first destroyer of the pleted. – Custom Steel Boats Inc. image. Zumwalt-class, making the vessel the s of October 3, a new 70-foot, “lead ship … of next-generation multi- Asteel-hull lobster boat bound for New mission designed to strengthen Jersey is under construction in North naval power ”. The ship is named for Carolina . The lobster boat is being built by Admiral Elmo r . “Bud” Zumwalt Jr ,. Custom Steel Boats Inc ,. of Merritt, North n Pola Palekh aground in Beaufort Inlet who served as Chief of Naval Operations Carolina, in partnership with Ted & Todd’s Channel, . – WITN.com photo. from 1970 to 1974 . Adm . Zumwalt was Marine of Beaufort, North Carolina . n the early afternoon of November a veteran of World War II, the Korean The new boat, Two Dukes, was designed I17, watchstanders at U .s . Coast Guard War and the . He was by DeJong and Lebet in Jacksonville, Sector North Carolina received word awarded a Bronze Star with Valor on Florida . On May 6 the initial three that the 590-foot Pola Palekh board the USS Robinson on October loads of steel arrived from Metals USA had run aground in the Beaufort Inlet 25, 1944, for heroic service against the in Mobile, Alabama . According to Channel near Fort Macon, not far from Japanese during the Battle of Leyte Gulf . MarineLink com,. “The vessel will be Morehead City . According to local news As CNO, Adm . Zumwalt was known for used in the waters off New Jersey as well reports, the -flagged vessel was encouraging “technological innovation as North Carolina to catch lobster ”. carrying 35,800 metric tons of potash and advocated a number of successful fertilizer and was filled with 27,000 programs including the Oliver Hazard New Elizabeth River Ferries gallons of fuel . A 29-foot Response Boat- Perry-class frigate, the Ohio-class ballistic Small crew was dispatched from Coast missile submarine and the F-14 Tomcat ”. Guard Station Fort Macon to attend to One of the most impressive features the disabled vessel and assess the situation . that Zumwalt boasts is an integrated power Pola Palekh was refloated around 8:20 pm system, making this destroyer the first and by 8:45 the ship had safely arrived U .s . Navy combatant surface ship to at Morehead City State Port Terminal use this system . Moreover, Zumwalt (and, under the supervision of tugboat escorts . presumably, the other vessels in the class) Although the incident resulted in the features “wave-piercing tumblehome hull, n One of the new Elizabeth Ferries. – Volvo temporary closure of the channel to stealth design and the latest war fighting Penta photo via MarineLink.com. marine traffic, the Coast Guard reported technology and weaponry available ”. wo new ferries for the Hampton no injuries, pollution or damage to the From Norfolk, Zumwalt transited to TRoads Transit Elizabeth River vessel as a result of the grounding .  Baltimore, Maryland, on October 7, for run are nearing completion . The two commissioning on October 15 during aluminum, 150-passenger ferries, to n Write John Fostik (PA, NJ, DE, Fleet Week Maryland . The vessel was be named River Ferry IV and V, under MD) at [email protected] originally supposed to depart Norfolk construction by Armstrong Marine’s or Julia Winters (DC, VA, NC, SC) on October 9, but because of Hurricane Shipyard in Swansboro, North Carolina, at [email protected] Matthew Zumwalt got underway two are slated to be delivered by the end of

PowerShips Spring 2017 • 57 Harbor News wo cruise ships had their maiden Tarrivals in New York in fall 2016 . Viking Star, Viking Ocean Cruises’ newest cruise ship, arrived October 13 from her maiden voyage across the Atlantic . A 930-passenger ship, she’ll spend most of her time in the Caribbean until February n Carnival Vista at Pier 90. (See “Harbor News”) – G. Justin Zizes, Jr., photo. 2017, when she heads back to Europe . The Carnival Vista pulled into New York visit ended with a reception aboard the Circle Line XVI a) Nike WPC 112, Circle Harbor on November 2 for a few days . vessel hosted by Rear Adm . Roy Kitchener, Line XVII a) Triton WPC 116, and Sightseer She then went on an 11-day voyage to the commander of Expeditionary Strike Force a) Argo WPC 100 b) Circle Line XII up for Caribbean, then back to New York and 2, and Capt . James Midkiff, commander sale . They were converted into passenger onto Ft . Lauderdale, her new homeport . of Iwo Jima . The reception included music vessels in the 1960s and 1970s . The New York Wheel is in the by the Benny Havens Band from the West New York Water Tours’ sightseeing process of being built in St . George on Point Band and the Iwo Jima Choir . boat The Manhattan a) Big Flamingo II the New York Harbor . The 630-foot- Circle Line Sightseeing has taken b) Arrow c) Cape May Whale Watcher was tall observation post will have 36 pods, delivery of the first of three 160-foot towed back to Pier 36 with 100 passengers each capable of holding 40 people, who sightseeing vessels from Gladding-Hearn aboard after it became disabled . Although will enjoy a 38-minute ride to the top Shipbuilding . Circle Line Bronx, designed the ferry had dropped anchor, the current and back down . The legs for the wheel, by DeJong and Lebet, is 165 feet long and weather conditions caused it to drift 275 feet long and 18 feet wide, were with a 34-foot beam and can carry 600 in the busy harbor . USCG Sector New transported from Italy by Mammoet, passengers . Powered by twin Cummins York responded with the 87-foot USCGC a Dutch company that specializes in diesel engines, the vessel can achieve a Sailfish and other response vessels . The transporting heavy loads, on the 10,052- speed of 14 knots . Circle Line has put ferry was towed up the East River, where dwt Palabora, which is managed by the last of the former USCG cutters, all passengers were safely disembarked . Germany-based BBC Chartering . The New York Shipping Association and the Port Newark Container Terminal received a $1 .6-million grant from the federal Maritime Administration . The grant goes to the barge service that runs between Red Hook Container Terminal in Brooklyn and Red Hook Barge Terminal in Newark . The grant money is to start the New York Crane Operators Training Center and to add high-tech container-handling equipment at Red Hook Terminal . USS Iwo Jima was in the port for Veterans Week NYC, when sailors, marines and others took part in events throughout New n Circle Line XVII. (See “Harbor News”) – G. Justin Zizes, Jr., photo. York to honor all American veterans . The

58 • Spring 2017 PowerShips Fire Island National Seashore, will get a new bulkhead and boardwalk, as well as electrical, lighting and water systems . Other Harbor News SCGC Tamaroa was sunk as a Ureef off of the New Jersey coast, two miles from Point Pleasant . As the USS Zuni, the vessel towed torpedoed warships to safety and took part in the Battle of Iwo Jima . Fifty years later, as the Tamaroa, it helped to save seven people off the New England coast, an event portrayed in the 1991 movie The Perfect Storm . Three lighthouses are n Sightseeing boat The Manhattan . (See “Harbor News”) – G. Justin Zizes, Jr., photo. up for sale . The U .s . Coast Guard has determined that the New Haven Southwest with the safe operation of a vessel, a Ledge Lighthouse, built in 1867, Penfield Long Island civil charge punishable by a fine of up to Reef Light off of Bridgeport and Greens ire Island Ferries has taken $25,000 . The teen was uninjured . Ledge Lighthouse off of Norwalk will be Fdelivery of a new 75-foot passenger/ Gulfstream Shipbuilding, of auctioned off by the GSA . cargo ferry, Turtle, designed and built by Freeport, Florida, is building a 118- New York waters saw the return of Miller Marine, of Deltaville, Virginia, foot by 27-foot ferry to transport whales and a great white shark this past with engineering assistance from Donald passengers, freight and vehicles in and summer and fall . One whale, named L . Blount & Associates of Chesapeake, around Eastern Long Island Sound Gotham, found its way up to the George Virginia. The Turtle, 78 feet wide with a and Gardiner’s Bay . The contract was Washington Bridge in the , 24-foot beam, is 82 dwt and can carry awarded by the U .s . Department of showing us that we have cleaned up the eight passengers . Homeland Security for their river . One whale came into Moriches A Manhasset teen was arrested after Animal Disease Center . The ferry is due Bay and beached itself . The whale had to he jumped off the Fire Island Belle in to be delivered in mid-2017 . be euthanized by whale specialists from August . Marine Bureau police charged The Watch Hill Marina on Fire Island North Carolina . A great white shark was him with disorderly conduct, punishable will be closed for a multi-million-dollar tracked around Long Island Sound .  by up to 15 days in jail, and the Coast renovation through the summer of 2017 . Guard charged him with interfering The storm-damaged marina, inside the n Write G. Justin Zizes, Jr. at 147 East 37th Street, New York, New York 10016 or g [email protected]

n Fire Island Ferries passenger/cargo ferry Turtle. (See “Long Island”) – G. Justin Zizes, Jr., photo.

PowerShips Spring 2017 • 59 be the first LNG-fueled ferry operating the Swedish mainland and the island in the Mediterranean and will sail across of Gotland . Incumbent operator the Strait of Messina between Villa San Destination Gotland has long held a Giovanni and Messina . monopoly on traffic. After failing to launch operations in 2015 with the poorly Baltic Ferry Sold to Moby converted Greek ferry Vastervik a) Queen talian operator Moby Lines has Diamond b) New Sea World Express Ferry c) Ipurchased the Russian-owned Baltic Princess T, the company actually operated New Ferries ferry Princess Maria a) Finlandia b) Queen a service for a few months in 2016 Ordered of Scandinavia and renamed her Moby using the InCat high-speed catamaran iking Line has signed a letter DaDa for service on its Mediterranean Express a) HSC Catalonia b) Catalonia L c) Vof intent with Chinese shipyard routes linking Corsica and with Portsmouth Express d) Catalonia. Xiamen Shipbuilding Industry Company mainland Europe . Princess Maria was for the construction of a €190 million, operated by St . Peter Line on a weeklong Removal of Refugee 2,800-passenger ferry for its route service linking St . Petersburg, Russia, Camp Boosts Calais between Turku, Finland, and Stockholm, with Finland, Sweden and . Her he dismantling of the large Sweden . The letter of intent also includes running mate, SPL Princess Anastasia a) Trefugee camp near the Port of an option for a sister vessel . Olympia b) Pride of Bilbao c) Bilbao has also Calais by the French government in Also in China, Destination Gotland’s reportedly been purchased by Moby, but October has boosted traffic through LNG-fuelled ferry Visborg was launched she remains in service in the Baltic . the port of Calais . Refugees from the on November 18 at Guangzhou Shipyard In the wake of European economic camp, located adjacent to the highway International . The 1,650-passenger ferry sanctions against Russia for invading the to the port, frequently disrupted ferry is scheduled for delivery in 2018 and will Crimean peninsula, trade between Russia traffic for days as they attempted to stow be followed by a sister ship approximately and Europe has dropped considerably . away in trucks heading to the United one year later . Stena Line has four ferries Stena Line has also consolidated two Kingdom via ferry . under construction in China as well . routes serving Lithuania because of the In the Mediterranean, Caronte decline in traffic. Spanish Operator & Tourist Shipping, which operates Shuts Down between mainland Italy and the island Gotland Operator panish ferry operator Iscomar of Sicily, has ordered a new LNG-fueled Shuts Down Shas ceased operations and declared ferry from Sefine Shipyard in . tart-up Swedish operator bankruptcy . Operating only a single Scheduled for delivery in 2018, the SGotlandsbatan was founded to vessel, the 1977-built Nura Nova a) 1,500-passenger, double-ended ferry will bring competition to ferries between Emsland b) Bohus c) St. Julien d) Ostersjon e) Jon f) Nova, between the islands of Mallorca and Menorca, Iscomar at one point also operated larger ferries on overnight routes between the Spanish mainland and Balearic Islands . The vessel is laid up pending sale . Greek Ferry Sales ne of the final remaining former OSealink ferries operating in has been sold to Middle Eastern interests . The elegant 1974-built Express Santorini a) Chartres has been renamed Al Salmy 4 . Built by the Dubigeon-Normandie yard in Nantes, France, Chartres was a fixture of Dover-Boulogne and Dover-Calais n Ferry Moby Dada as Princess Maria with the St. Peter Line. (See “Baltic Ferry Sold to services for nearly 20 years before being Moby”) – Naparome photo. sold to Greek interests . In recent years she spent summers operating on charter

60 • Spring 2017 PowerShips Galloway Princess b) Stena Galloway was towed to a shipyard in Malaga, Spain, for a much-needed refit prior to re-entering service across the Strait of Gibraltar . Despite some evidence of work, including drydocking, the vessel languished untouched for several months before being towed once again to another shipyard, this time in La Spezia, Italy. Given the dearth of mid-sized ferries available on the secondhand market, it’s indeed very Autumn Storms possible that she’ll sail once again . End of the Line Disrupt Ferry Travel for the Sally Sky he 1976-built former English n Stena Line ferry Stena Europe at Fishguard, . – Nilfanion photo. TChannel ferry Lucky Star a) Gedser all storms often disrupt sea travel in northern Europe, and this year b) Viking 2 c) Sally Sky d) Eurotraveller Fproved to be no exception . In addition to sailing cancellations across the e) Larkspur f) Larks was scrapped in , passengers traveling on the 1981-built Stena Line ferry Stena Europe a) Turkey in October . As Sally Sky and later Kronprinsessan Victoria b) Stena Saga spent an unexpected 27 hours onboard when Larkspur, she linked Ramsgate, England, the vessel was forced to shelter off the coast of northern Wales . and Dunkerque, France, for over a decade before spending a further five to Atlanticoline in the Azores and operates two conventional ferries, the years linking Ramsgate with Ostend, winters filling in for other Greek ferries former Belgian Channel ferry Superferry II Belgium . Following the closure of the during their annual refits. a) Prince Laurent b) Ionian Express and the Ostend operation she was sold to Greek Greek operator Golden Ferries recently acquired Superferry a) Kogane Maru interests for future service in the Adriatic, has purchased the Italian-built, high b) Golden Ferry . but she was sidelined by engine problems speed, mono-hull ferry Speedrunner IV a) after only a few crossings . Superseacat Four from Aegean Speedlines A (Maybe) Rising for continued operation in the Greek fter being abandoned in Consolidation in isles. This purchase is the first high-speed AAlgeciras, Spain, for nearly ten River Cruise Industry ferry for Golden Ferries, which also years, the former Sealink ferry Le Rif a) any Americans are familiar Mwith the marquee brands in the European river cruise industry, including Avalon Waterways, Scenic Cruises and Emerald Waterways . Less known is the fact that their fleets of river , as well as dozens of ships from smaller, independent companies, are in fact managed and operated by two companies – Swiss-based River Advice and the German KD River Cruises . In October, River Advice acquired KD, giving it a combined fleet of 78 overnight river cruise ships and more than a dozen day cruisers . 

n Write Ted Blank at 1576 Grotto n Express Santorini, now named Al Salmy 4, in the port of Vila do Porto, island of Santa Street North, St Paul, MN 55117 Maria, Azores. (See “Greek Ferry Sales,” page 60) – Carlos Luis M C Da Cruz photo. or [email protected]

PowerShips Spring 2017 • 61 Illinois Commissioned n October 29, the U.S. Navy Ocommissioned the latest and 13th Virginia-class submarine, the USS Illinois (SSN 786) . After four years of construction, this fast-attack submarine began service at New London, Connecticut, in a ceremony presided over by First Lady Michelle Obama, the vessel’s sponsor, and attended by 2,500 n HMCS Preserver in service. (See “Preserver Decommissioned”) – Department of National other guests . After the First Lady gave Defence/Canadian Armed Forces photo. the order to “Man our ship and bring her to life,” about 130 crew members ran excess of 30 years without refueling . represented the cutting-edge technology out and onto the ship . Chief of Naval Able to fire Tomahawk Land Attack of the time and the latest replenishment Operations Admiral John Richardson Missiles, this Block III (third Virginia- procedures . She saw UN peacekeeping was the keynote speaker . class version) submarine was designed service in , enforced sanctions in the to increase missile-firing payload former Yugoslavia in 1994, assisted with capacity by lowering costs through its the Swissair Flight 111 crash investigation new Virginia Payload Tubes. Unlike her off in 1998, and supported Block III predecessors, Illinois has two American operations in Afghanistan . larger, 87-inch-diameter tubes housing six Current RCN replenishing duties are TLAMS each . She can also deliver special being provided by Spanish and Chilean operations forces, intelligence, surveillance forces . and reconnaissance, and mine warfare . The RCN is looking to sell, donate or scrap the 546-foot vessel, which they n USS Illinois. – U.S. Navy photo. Preserver Decommissioned estimate had over 8,000 crew members ust as USS Illinois was born, in her time . JHMCS Preserver, the last of the ’s Protecteur- Peter Willemoes Cancels class auxiliary oiler replenishment ships, he Royal Danish Navy canceled was paid off, just days earlier . She was Ta mid-November visit to Halifax by decommissioned before a large crowd at the frigate HDMS Peter Willemoes to avoid HMC Dockyard Halifax (Nova Scotia) a potential conflict of interest with the on October 21 after 46 years of service . Royal Canadian Navy . HMCS Ville de Québec performed a sail The RCN and federal officials said past as the crew marched off the vessel they couldn’t be involved with the visit for the last time . The Commissioning since Odense Maritime Technology n “Abraham Lincoln” greeting the crew of the pennant, jack and ensign were presented A/S, a Danish firm, will be submitting USS Illinois. – U.S. Navy photo. to LCDR Vicky Marier, who in turn the Peter Willemoes design as a potential Illinois is the fourth ship named after presented them to RADM John Newton . replacement in the $26 billion CDN the 21st state . She measures 377 feet long, Following that, the crew marched past Canadian Surface Combatant program . has a 34-foot beam, and can exceed 800 the Maritime Forces Atlantic Honour Despite the cancellation, the RCN feet in dives . Furthermore, Illinois can Guard to loud cheers from the audience . said the Danish warship was still very exceed 25 knots submerged and operate in Commissioned in 1970, HMCS Preserver much welcome to come .

62 • Spring 2017 PowerShips over the next five to ten years and prepare The 1967-built vessel will be Cruise Passengers Up it for large-scale mega-projects and larger demolished on site because it’s too fragile raveler traffic at the Port of cruise ships, among other objectives . to be moved . A protective embankment THalifax increased more than Not far away, Port St . John, New will be constructed to protect the local seven percent in 2016, bringing Brunswick, saw an even larger increase environment from the former 9,261-gt, in approximately 238,000 cruise in cruise passengers, up 21 percent to open-hatch bulk carrier . The 503-foot passengers . The Halifax cruise season, nearly 144,000 visitors . In 2016, 63 vessel has been mostly emptied of any typically running from mid-April to late cruise ships arrived, an increase of hazardous materials, and the Canadian October, saw 136 deep-sea passenger four over 2015 . These included Disney coast guard is keeping tabs on it . The ships arrive, down from 141 the previous Magic and , the largest ship was abandoned by its bankrupt year . October 11 was the busiest day, passenger ship to ever visit the port, and Mexican owners . when five ships arrived. This increased the one millionth Carnival Cruise Line Federal Transport Minister Marc traffic also included continued Queen passenger . St . John also received eight Garneau said that although exact numbers Mary 2 stops . Last inaugural cruise ship visits, including its aren’t known, it’s estimated that there are year Halifax saw inaugural visits from first from Azamara Club Cruises. between 600 and 700 abandoned vessels on and MS Anthem of Canada’s three coasts . the Seas. Abandoned Ship In conjunction with increased cruise to be Scrapped Museum Ship’s Dock ship travel to Halifax, the port is also his spring an abandoned, rusting Gets Upgrade making plans to accommodate larger, Tcargo ship, Kathryn Spirit (ex . n late October, the world’s only ultra-class container ships exceeding Holmsund, Menominee), that ran aground Isurviving Edwardian passenger 10,000 TEUs . A port development southwest of on the St . liner, the 3,856-gt SS Keewatin, in Port consultancy firm, WSP/Parsons Lawrence River, will likely be scrapped, McNicoll, Ontario, was temporarily Brinckerhoff Engineering Services, was according to the Canadian federal moved 150 feet along the shores of hired to master plan the Port of Halifax government . ’s into what will become the Port McNicoll Yacht Club . The static, 109-year-old museum Drydocking Finished ship, originally built for the ’s Great Lakes Steamship Service, was shifted to accommodate restoration of the 1912 dock, which will become part of a new park and her permanent home . The federal government provided a $480,000 CDN grant to be matched by Keewatin’s owner, Skyline Investments, to complete the work . This project, part of Canada’s upcoming 150th birthday celebration this July, is scheduled to be completed during the winter, with landscaping to follow this spring . The 336.5-foot-long Keewatin, one of Canada’s most historic ships, was instrumental in transporting many farm n Wenonah II in drydock. – Muskoka Steamship & Historical Society photo. immigrants from Port McNicoll to Fort he 1887-built RMS Segwun (ex. Nippissing II) and Wenonah II recently William (now ), Ontario, on Tcompleted their mandatory five-year drydocking in early November for the north shores of .  inspection and maintenance in the Port Carling lock in Muskoka, Ontario . Although unorthodox, this arrangement, which calls on many specialized contractors, has n Write Roddy Sergiades at saved the ships’ operators, the Muskoka Steamship & Historical Society, a small 15 Brown St., Port Hope, Ontario, L1A 3C8 fortune because they didn’t have to build a purpose-built graving dock . Canada, or [email protected]

PowerShips Spring 2017 • 63 completed, with a bollard pull of better Aleutian Islands while en route from than 150 tonnes . Propulsion and deck Shanghai to Portland, Oregon, in 30-foot machinery for all nine vessels will be waves and 50-knot winds . The U .s . Coast provided by Rolls-Royce . Guard Cutter Morgenthau responded to the incident and remained on scene until the Tug & Barge Operators Busy tug Resolve Pioneer could attach a towing ar away from Alaska’s Prince line and take the Chinese-built ship on to FWilliam Sound is the island of Attu, Puget Sound for repairs . located near the western end of the A few weeks later an articulated tug/ Alaska Aleutian Islands and best known from barge consisting of Kirby Corporation’s Oil Exports Get Underway World War II days . It’s now uninhabited, 2001-built tug Nathan E. Stewart and lthough offshore drilling for but this past summer workers again fuel barge DBL 55 ran aground near Aoil has been largely terminated in arrived on the island to barge out British Columbia’s Athlone Island while Alaskan waters, the export of Alaskan 10,000 tons of contaminated soil, left southbound from Alaska . The barge was crude has gotten underway following over from the war years, using Alaska empty but the tug’s hull was breeched the lifting of a decades-long ban on Marine Lines’ landing craft Sam Talluk and it partially submerged, spilling such shipments . A small allotment was and Western Towboat’s tug Ocean Ranger . approximately 29,000 gallons of fuel in sent to Nicaragua in August, followed The two tug and barge companies also the process . A month later it was lifted by several larger movements to work together in southeast Alaska, where out of the water using a 700-ton-capacity using -flagged Suezmax Western Towboat’s new Z-drive tug crane barge operated by Washington- tankers Tianlong Spirit and Cascade Spirit . Bering Titan, completed last year, has based General Construction Company, Up until the lifting of the ban Alaska’s been put to work towing Alaska Marine but the incident is expected to result in North Slope crude has been almost Lines’ 13,200-dwt container barge new limitations on moving petroleum exclusively transported to refineries on Skagway Provider, also finished in 2016. along the Canadian coast . the U .s . West Coast and Hawaii using American-flagged tankers owned by BP, Engine Failures British Columbia ConocoPhillips and Exxon Mobil . & Groundings LNG Ferries Arrive n mid-October the 12,742-dwt he first of B.C. Ferries’ color- Edison Chouest to Take Over Igeneral cargo ship BBC Colorado Tfully decorated LNG-burning ferries Crowley Contract suffered engine failure south of the that are being built in Poland, Salish Orca, rowley Maritime, a company Cthat has been providing services to tankers loading crude from the pipeline at Valdez, Alaska, since 1977, and which has been the oil spill prevention and response contractor in Prince William Sound since 1990, has lost the business to Louisiana’s Edison Chouest Offshore, which will take over the contract in June 2018 . Crowley has been operating 17 vessels in the sound under its contract with Alyeska, the operator of the pipeline . ECO said it will build nine new tugs at its own shipyards to take over the business and has already signed an agreement with Holland’s Damen Group for the use of two Damen designs . For ship berthing, four Damen n Kirby Corporation’s tug Nathan E . Stewart shown partially submerged while still ASD 3212 boats will be built, while connected to its barge after running aground at the entrance to Sea Forth Channel near tanker escort duties will be provided by British Columbia’s Athlone Island while southbound from Alaska. (See “Engine Failures & five larger ASD 4517 vessels, the latter Groundings”) – Seaforth Channel Incident Unified Command photo. to be the most powerful ASD tugs ever

64 • Spring 2017 PowerShips Sylte Marine yard on Vancouver’s Fraser River. The new boat has been fitted with a pair of Rolls-Royce Z-drives driven by twin Cummins KTA38-M2 main engines of 1200-hp output via carbon- fiber shafts. This is Jones Marine’s first Z-drive tug, and it joins a fleet of nine conventionally shafted boats . In North Vancouver, ABD Boats has delivered the Z-drive tug SST Salish to Saam Smit Towage as the second of two 72-foot ship-assist vessels it has been building for the Vancouver-based operator . Like the previously delivered SST Capilano, completed in January 2016, SST Salish is powered by twin MTU 16V4000M61 diesels rated at 2,680 hp n Colorful decals produced by Ampco Grafix of Coquitlam, British Columbia, and designed by each and driving through Rolls-Royce First Nation artist Darlene Gait, decorate the hull of B.C. Ferries’ first LNG-powered double- US20 FP Z-drives to give a service speed ender, Salish Orca. (See “LNG Ferries Arrive”) – B.C. Ferries photo. of 13 knots and a bollard pull of 65 tonnes . Still to be delivered are two Robert arrived in Vancouver over the winter Spirit of Vancouver Island, sent to Poland Allan-designed Z-drive ATB pushtugs months for crew training prior to taking for major refurbishments over the next under construction at the Island Tug and up employment on the company’s Comox- two years, including conversion to LNG, Barge Marine Group yard on Annacis Powell River route . Sister ferries Salish which will give them another 25 years of Island for ITB’s coastal operations . The Eagle and Salish Raven, both scheduled for service life (see PowerShips No . 299) . twin vessels will make use of Cummins delivery this spring, will be used on routes KTA 38 main engines of 850-hp output, within the Southern Gulf Islands . Their New Tugboats each driving Rolls Royce US 105 P9 12FP arrival will see two of the ferry company’s he Jones Marine Group has taken Z-drives through Centa hollow carbon older Spirit Class vessels, the 1993-built Tdelivery of the A .g . McIlwain- fiber shafts. The first tug is expected Spirit of British Columbia and 1994-built designed, Z-drive tug David J from the to be finished by June, with the second following before the end of the year . Washington New Ferries & Old eattle-based Vigor Industrial has Scut steel for a fourth Olympic Class ferry, with the 144-vehicle capacity Suquamish to be delivered in mid-2018 at a cost of $122 million . The new ship is being funded through the “Connecting Washington” transportation package, which is being paid for by a hike in state gasoline taxes . It will follow the previously delivered Tokitae, Samish and Chimacum, the last delivered earlier this year to replace the 1980-built Kitsap on the Seattle-Bremerton route . Already retired has been the ferry service’s oldest n The business end of the new Canadian tug David J discloses a pair of Rolls-Royce Marine US155 vessel, Evergreen State, with the 62-year-old P14 Z-drives with fixed props set in nozzles. (See “New Tugboats”) – Haig-Brown/Cummins photo. double-ender to be sold after more than six decades of service .

PowerShips Spring 2017 • 65 In Tacoma, Jesse Engineering is completing a 126-foot by 32-foot bunkering tanker for Maxum Petroleum to a design furnished by the Elliott Bay Design Group . To be powered by twin Cummins QSK-19M 660hp engines driving fixed-pitch propellers, the vessel will have a total cargo capacity of 150,000 gallons carried in 12 tanks . Scheduled for delivery by the end of the year is an advanced 261 .8-foot stern trawler being built by the Dakota Creek Industries yard at Anacortes for Seattle- based Fisherman‘s Finest . Designed by Norway’s Skipsteknisk, the new trawler n The 310-ft by 73-ft ferry Evergreen State, which can accommodate 981 passengers and 87 will make use of a German-built Tier vehicles, has been retired by Washington State Ferries. (See “New Ferries & Old,” page 65) – II-compliant MAN Diesel & Turbo main Washington State Ferries photo. engine of 6,526-hp output, while deck machinery will be supplied by Ibercisa of Bellingham, opened in January, and Spain . Upon completion the vessel will Boat Builders Busy will be finished to a Teknicraft design. catch, process, package and freeze fish in esides Vigor Industrial, other Propulsion will be provided by twin the Gulf of Alaska and Bering Sea . Bboat builders in Puget Sound Scania DI 16-080M diesels . have remained busy, with Bellingham, In Seattle, the former Kvichak Marine Oregon Washington-based All American Marine yard, now part of the Vigor Group, has Yards Productive contracted to build a 500-passenger delivered a fourth 45-foot Response Boat ike their Puget Sound-based aluminum monohull tour boat for to the New York Police Department . The Lcounterparts, Oregon’s shipyards Seattle’s Argosy Cruises . The 125-foot vessel is a commercial variant of a similar have been busy, with the Vigor Marine vessel will be constructed in AAM’s new Response Boat developed for the U .s . Coast yard at Portland receiving an unexpected 57,000-square-foot assembly facility at Guard, but it offers more crew comfort . $7 million contract to accomplish repairs to the controllable pitch propeller system of the Arleigh Burke-class destroyer USS Howard (DDG-83), which it completed in December . Down river, the Foss yard at Rainier, Oregon, is finishing up its third Arctic- class tug for parent company Foss Maritime, with the 130-foot by 41-foot Nicole Foss to follow its previously delivered sister tugs Michele Foss and Denise Foss into the Foss fleet later this year. On the central Oregon coast, the Southern Oregon Marine yard at Coos Bay, part of the Sause Group, completed the fitting out of the bargeNamakani in time to celebrate Sause’s 50th year of operation in the Hawaiian Islands, where the Gunderson-built barge was destined . n Under construction in Washington State, the Norwegian-designed stern trawler Fisherman’s It was also Sause’s 80th anniversary, the Finest will make use of German propulsion machinery and Spanish-built deck gear. (See “Boat firm having been established in the 1930s Builders Busy”) – Skipsteknisk photo. by Henry and Curtis Sause around a single tugboat .

66 • Spring 2017 PowerShips A younger company, Portland- headquartered Zidell, which has built over 300 barges since it was founded in 1961, has elected to leave the marine construc- tion business after completing Hull 686, a 422-foot by 76 .8-foot ocean-going tank barge for Seattle-based Harley Marine Services . Zidell’s 33-acre building site on the Willamette River is expected to be re- developed for business and residential use . Old Ferry Returns Home historic 1924-built ferry, which A once provided service across the mouth of the Columbia River as Tourist 2, was returned to Astoria, Oregon, this n The new Vigor-built fireboat St . Francis completed for the City of San Francisco has been past summer, where it had been built over equipped with a pumping system that can also provide a backup water supply to the city’s water 90 years ago by the Wilson Shipbuilding system in case of earthquake damage. (See “New San Francisco Fireboat”) – SFFD photo. Company . The wooden-hulled vessel last operated as a tour vessel in Puget Sound, ferries for service on . but it suffered fire damage in 2010. It was The twin boats, to be delivered in 2018, San Diego’s Yards Busy then acquired by Capt . Christian Lint, will be added to an existing order with an Diego’s General Dynamics who rebuilt it over a period of six years Vigor for two similar-sized 134.5-foot SNASSCO yard has delivered the and sailed it from Bremerton, Washing- vessels that are being delivered this year . 330,000-barrel-capacity product tanker ton, to Astoria, where a local community All make use of a pair of MTU 12V4000 Constitution to SEA-Vista LLC as the group, the Astoria Ferry Board, is now main engines producing 1,453kW each to second of three similar-sized ships it’s raising funds to preserve and operate the provide a service speed of 27 knots . building for the company. The first vessel vessel as a tourist attraction . of the series, Independence, was delivered in Carnival to Expand Long April 2016 and is currently being oper- California Beach Cruise Terminal ated by Seabulk Tankers, while construc- New San Francisco Fireboat iami-based Carnival Cruise Line tion of the third tanker has begun . he San Francisco Fire Department Mhas signed an agreement with real Thas taken delivery of its first new estate developer Urban Commons and the fireboat in over six decades following City of Long Beach to expand the Long completion of the 88-foot by 25-foot Beach Cruise Terminal to accommodate St. Francis by Seattle’s Vigor shipyard. larger ships and more passengers . This will Designed by Jensen Maritime, also of see the handling capacity of the terminal, Seattle, the new vessel features three which makes use of a geodesic dome Cummins QSK19-M Tier 3 diesels, the originally built to house Howard Hughes’ two outboard units providing propulsion famous Spruce Goose, nearly tripled . The though Centa CX-56 torsional couplings agreement gives Carnival 100 percent use n The Constitution. – NASSCO photo. and Reintjes WAF 364 gears driving twin of the dome until construction of additional NASSCO has also been completing shafts . All three engines can be combined space is completed later this year . Carnival five tankers of the same basic design to provide a total of 18,000 gpm of water has operated the Long Beach Cruise for American Petroleum Tankers, a flow through three CounterFire fire pumps. Terminal since 2003 and currently subsidiary of Kinder Morgan Terminals, homeports the 1996-built with the fourth ship, Bay State, delivered New San Francisco Ferries and 1995-built Carnival Imagination there last September and the fifth, Palmetto he San Francisco Bay Area for year-round three- and four-day cruises State, to be handed over later this year . TWater Emergency Transportation to Baja California, while the 88,500-grt In the military sector, the NASSCO Authority has awarded a $33 4. million Carnival Miracle sails on seven-day voyages yard has started construction of the contract to Seattle’s Vigor Kvichak LLC to the Mexican Riviera and 14- and 15-day future USNS Hershel “Woody” Williams, for the construction of two 400-passenger trips to Hawaii and Alaska . the Navy’s second Expeditionary Sea

PowerShips Spring 2017 • 67 Base vessel, with the 784-foot-long ship to be completed in the first quarter of Tug Gets Loving Owners 2018 . At the same time the yard has L. Smith Jr., the 1950-built started to design the next generation of L. tugboat turned research vessel and fleet replenishment tankers wanted by the longtime fixture in Duluth, , has Navy, the John Lewis-class (TAO-205), a new home in Washburn, Wisconsin . The with six ships expected to be built at a cost retired aquatic research vessel, owned by of approximately $3 billion as part of an the University of Wisconsin-Superior, was overall plan to construct up to 17 of the purchased in 2015 by Mel and Carolyn vessels at an estimated cost of $8 billion . Keewatin’s dock Maierhafer and is currently undergoing gets upgrade conversion to a houseboat . The couple has New Dry Dock ’m glad to report that a significant repainted the vessel, added new carpet and oth NASSCO and the neighboring Iinvestment has begun to the Port stairs to the top deck, and relocated the BBAE Systems yard have been McNicoll’s Confederation Gateway vessel to Washburn . The couple intends for expanding their facilities because of dock, where the 109-year-old steamship the vessel to be their summer home, and we the Navy’s new focus on Asia-Pacific Keewatin has been moored since 2012 . wish them nothing but the best . operations . This is expected to see the During this news cycle, the vessel was Navy’s surface ship fleet based in San winched away from its dock and a $1 Coast Guard News Diego, excluding aircraft carriers, grow million upgrade to the old wooden he Canadian Coast Guard’s from its current 59 ships to nearly 70 by structure was begun. This is the first Ticebreaker/buoy tender CCGS 2020 . Because of the potential for new step in creating a park that will feature Samuel Risley’s $3.6 million refit at St. business, BAE Systems has invested the Keewatin . Fortunately, the decision John, Newfoundland’s, St . John Dockyard $100 million in a 950-foot-long floating by Huronia Museum to decline the offer facility was completed during this news dry dock with a lift capacity of 55,000 of ownership by Skyline International cycle and the vessel returned home to tons, which has already hoisted its first Development in August hasn’t stopped Perry Sound, Ontario, on November 14 . vessel, the amphibious transport dock the company’s investment in the The 1985-built vessel received a mid-life ship USS (LPD 18), currently Edwardian-era passenger steamer . upgrade beginning in June . undergoing a major refit scheduled for completion in early 2018 . San Diego Tugboats Arca Leaving the Lakes Renamed an Diego-based Pacific Tugboat SService renamed four of its tugs to honor U .s . military service members this past year, with the Alan G. becoming the J.M. Hidalgo, the Craig G . changed to Ty Woods, the Expeditions renamed D.M. Tapper and The Chief becoming S. Bass . Formed in 1980, PTS operates a dozen tugs and a number of workboats and barges . In 2015 it was contracted to tow the historic former Navy tug Hoga n Imperial Lachine early in its career. – SSHSA Archives, Edward O. Clark Collection. (YT-146) from San Francisco Bay to the he small bunkering tanker Arca was sold during this news cycle, and its Arkansas Inland Maritime Museum, TCanadian registry closed on October 17 . The vessel was given the name where the 76-year-old vessel is now being Arca 1 while it was docked in Sorel, Quebec, in early December before leaving restored .  for Mexico . It was built as the powered bunkering vessel Imperial Lachine for Imperial Oil at Port Weller Dry Docks, St . Catherines, Ontario, in 1963, and it was sold several times in 2003 before Shell acquired it and named it Arca that n Write James L. Shaw at same year. The vessel was a long-time fixture in Montreal before being retired [email protected] or 11466 SE in 2014 and replaced by the tanker Milo in 2016 . Hidalgo Ct., Clackamas, OR 97105

68 • Spring 2017 PowerShips The 140-foot icebreaking tug USCGC Bristol Bay’s (WTCB-102) Service Life Extension Project refit, begun in August 2015 at Baltimore, Maryland, was completed this fall and the vessel departed for home in late October . Bristol Bay, stationed at , Michigan, is the third 140-foot cutter to receive the SLEP refit, the others being Morro Bay (WTCB-106) and Penobscot Bay (WTCB-107) . The retired Coast Guard buoy tender USCGC Bramble (WLB-392) made a special trip along the St . Clair River the week of September 15 . The vessel Spirit of Shpongle’s Last Voyage is privately owned by Robert Klingler, and it carried three retired Coast Guard n Spirit of Shpongle being towed by Pacific Hickory on the St. Lawrence River near crewmen from the USCGC Spar (WLB- Verchères, Quebec, on November 4, 2016. – Marc Piche photo. 403) and the USCGC Storis (WMEC-38), anada Steamship Lines’ 1983-built Atlantic Erie a) Hon. Paul Martin a Coast Guard cutter that accompanied Cwas sold for scrap during the fall and its registry closed October 5 . The Bramble, through the Northwest Passage vessel, sporting the name Spirit of Shpongle, departed Montreal November 4 behind in 1957 . It’s great to see retired vessels the deep sea tug Pacific Hickory a) Irving Miami b) Atlantic Hickory for Aliaga, Turkey . used for this purpose . Scrappings tlantic Erie was built as the AGreat Lakes and ocean-class self- 1974-Built Algosoo Goes to Scrap unloader Hon. Paul Martin for Canada Steamship Lines by Collingwood Shipyards, Collingwood, Ontario . The vessel entered service on April 6, 1985, and spent time in the Great Lakes ore, stone, coal and grain trades, as well as at deep sea . The vessel is best known for capsizing Port Weller Dry Dock’s tug James E. McGrath on September 23, 1988, while being assisted at the drydock . Later that year, the vessel was renamed Atlantic Erie and continued to operate until a severe grounding at the Gulf of St . Lawrence’s Iles-de- la-Madeleine on January 11 led to its n Algosoo underway on the St. Clair River. – Mark Shumaker photo. retirement two weeks later . The vessel lgoma Central Corporation continues to divest itself of older was expendable because of CSL’s Atonnage, this time by selling its 1974-built Algosoo for scrap . The vessel entered modernization program, which has service December 4, 1974, and was the last Great Lakes vessel with its pilot house added six new Trillium-class vessels to located at the bow. A fire occurred on board the vessel on March 7, 1986, which its fleet in recent years. destroyed the aft accommodations and self-unloading equipment . The vessel was The scrapping of Purvis Marine’s repaired at Port Weller Dry Docks in St . Catharines, Ontario, and re-entered service 1963-built crane ship Yankcanuck began in October of that year. Due to Algoma’s modernization program, Algosoo was retired this fall and will continue through the at the end of the 2015 season, and was fitted out for a one-time trip to International winter . The vessel, which had not been Marine’s Port Colborne, Ontario, scrapyard, where the vessel arrived on October 3 . operated since 2008, was towed by W.

PowerShips Spring 2017 • 69 I. Scott Purvis a) Orient Bay b) Guy M. No. 1 and Adanac III a) Edward C. Walen b) John McLean from Purvis’s tug yard to its scrap dock above the on November 18, where the vessel’s hull will be dismantled . The vessel was built for Captain Frank Manzzuti’s Yancanuck Steamship Company at Collingwood, Ontario, in 1963 and was primarily used to transport steel coils from Algoma Steel’s Sault Ste . Marie, Ontario, foundry to lower lakes ports . Yankcanuck was sold to Algoma Steel Corporation’s Marine Division in December 1970, then to Purvis Marine in 1991 . Under Purvis Marine the vessel has had many uses, including being towed as a barge, chartered to Transport Igloolik to carry n Yankcanuck underway on the St. Clair River in 2012. – Mark Shumaker photo. supplies north to the Arctic, and used as a lighter for vessels aground in the St . Marys River . In recent years it has been advertised for sale, but apparently no one had interest . Star Line Purchases Arnold Transit Company

Dedicated to the preservation and promotion of Great Lakes shipping’s past n Arnold Transit Company’s Huron at Mackinaw Island. – Mark Shumaker photo. and present for future After years of financial difficulties, Arnold Transit Company has sold its assets generations to enjoy. to Star Line Mackinaw Island Ferry Company in early November . The deal includes five veteran ferries, one freight vessel, four docks and a boatyard. Included Please join us! in the deal is the 1955-built Huron, the only vessel able to provide winter service to Mackinaw Island since 1955, and Star Lines announced that it intends to honor CONTACT Jim Hoffman Arnold’s winter ferry passenger service agreement . Membership Services Arnold Transit provided ferry service to Mackinaw Island from St . Ignace 4635 Mallory Court and Mackinaw City since 1878, but fell into financial trouble in 2014 after the Department P company made a series of questionable financial decisions. At that time, the Toledo, OH 43623 company lost a major contract to Mackinaw Island, and in recent years Arnold MHSD Transit has only been carrying freight . The move leaves Shepler’s Ferry and Star

MHSD.org Line as the two remaining ferry operators to Mackinaw Island .

70 • Spring 2017 PowerShips difficult to fill, even at rates as low as More Conversions $199 for a week . Those sailings involved he conversion of Herbert C. Jack- volunteering to help local work projects . Tson, Interlake Steamship’s 1959-built Carnival has planned to operate one self-unloader, to diesel power was complet- of its Fantasy-class vessels to Cuba on ed during the last week of September . This a weekly basis, and will no longer call concludes Interlake Steamship’s moderniza- on the Dominican Republic . However, tion program, which saw the conversion of passengers on six different Carnival their four remaining steamers to diesel . John brands calling at Amber Cove can G. Munson’s conversion to diesel was com- Adonia to Leave purchase a social impact shore excursion pleted earlier this year, but the vessel has yet Miami for U.K. there, just as they would a traditional to return to service . arnival Corporation decided to shore excursion . Those cruise lines are This leaves Arthur M. Anderson, Philip Cend its Fathom Impact travel brand Carnival, AIDA Cruises, , R. Clarke, Cason J. Callaway, Alpena a) Leon after one year of operation, sending Holland America Line, Princess Cruises Fraser, Wilfred Sykes and Badger as the last the Adonia back to P&O in the United and P&O Cruises . steam-powered bulk carriers on the Lakes . Kingdom in June 2017 . The ship has been based at PortMiami since April Carnival Vista Begins Year- Shipbuilders Deliver 2016, sailing alternate itineraries to Cuba Round Service from Miami Deep Sea Units and the Dominican Republic . arnival Cruise Line’s new lthough not intended for Great While the cruises to Cuba, which CCarnival Vista arrived at PortMiami ALakes service, I’m happy to report offer a people-to-people cultural on November 27 to begin year-round that two lakes shipyards have completed exchange, have been immensely popular, Caribbean cruises from that port . At the construction of a deep sea tug and the alternating cruises to Amber 133,500 tons and accommodating over two barges this fall . Fincantieri Bay Cove, Dominican Republic, have been 4,000 passengers, the ship is the largest ever Shipbuilding of Sturgeon Bay, Wisconsin, delivered the articulated tug and barge unit Kirby 155-01 and Heath Wood to Kirby Bimini Ferry Service Corporation of Channelview, Texas. Kirby 155-01 is a 521-foot petroleum and Returns to Miami chemical products barge with a capacity of 155,000 barrels . Heath Wood is a 121-foot tug with a 6,000-hp diesel engine . The pair sailed for Indiana Harbor, Indiana, to load before departing our region . At Erie, Pennsylvania, Donjon Shipbuilding and Repair Company delivered the 580-foot petroleum and chemical products barge Sea-Chem 1 to Seabulk Tankers Incorporated of Fort Lauderdale, Florida . The 141-foot tug Sea n The FRS Caribbean ferry San Gwann sails between PortMiami and Bimini, Bahamas. Power, built at BAE Systems’ Jacksonville, –FRS Caribbean photo. Florida, shipyard earlier this year, picked ast ferry service to Bimini returned to Miami again nearly a year after up the new barge at Erie in late October FResorts World Bimini ended the operations of Bimini Superfast. On September before heading to Orange, Texas, to put 23 the fast ferry San Gwann began service from PortMiami to Bimini, with an 8 final touches on the barge. The pair is a .m . departure, returning to Miami at 7 p .m . expected to operate as an articulated tug Operated by FRS Caribbean, the San Gwann carries up to 427 passengers in and barge unit in the Gulf of Mexico .  airline-style seating . The high speed catamaran measures 170 feet in length and can attain a top speed of 38 knots, making the crossing in two hours . She was originally built in Norway in 2001 . n Write Mark Shumaker at The FRS Group is a German company (Förde Reederei Seetouristik), but the 1445 Ashdowne Road, Columbus, OH 43221 advertising and marketing in Miami refer to the initials as “Fast Reliable Seaways ”. or e-mail [email protected]

PowerShips Spring 2017 • 71 built for the Carnival brand, and it’s the 25th vessel currently operating in its fleet. Harmony of the Seas Debuts Carnival Vista is a modified Dream- class ship built at Fincantieri shipyard in the United States in Italy, and she entered service in the Mediterranean last May . On November 4 she was christened at New York before being deployed to Miami . Hurricane Matthew Closes Ports & Scrambles Itineraries owerful Hurricane Matthew’s Ppath through the Caribbean and the southeastern U .s . seaboard in October n The three largest cruise ships in the world – Harmony of the Seas, , and triggered numerous cruise itinerary – rendezvous off Fort Lauderdale, November 4, 2016. – Royal Caribbean photo changes, as a number of ports battened oyal Caribbean’s Harmony of the Seas arrived at Port Everglades on down and were closed to shipping . RNovember 4 to begin year-round cruising from the Fort Lauderdale port . PortMiami, Port Everglades, Port Arriving off the South Florida coast from Europe, she rendezvoused with her two Canaveral, Jacksonville and Charleston older sisters in the same class, Oasis of the Seas and Allure of the Seas. The arranged all closed for at least a day or two as the meeting at sea provided a superb photo opportunity for the three largest ships in the hurricane swept through those areas . world all sailing together . At 226,963 gross tons, Harmony can accommodate up to Some ships had to wait an extra day 6,780 passengers, plus a crew of over 2,100 . before returning to port from cruises; Harmony of the Seas spent her first week at Port Everglades making a series of this in turn caused the next cruises to be short two- and three-night cruises for the media and the travel agent community . And shortened by one day in order to keep on even though the ship had been sailing in Europe since she was delivered last May, she pre-arranged sailing schedules . Carnival was officially named on November 10 during a ceremony at Port Everglades. Cruise Line was the most impacted, with revisions made to cruises with seven of its ships in the region . Both Carnival and each canceled a Crystal Cruises Returns cruise from Port Canaveral, something that rarely happens . Royal Caribbean to Port Everglades and also had to adjust sailings . All the cruise lines were prompt in issuing refunds, onboard credits and future discounts to the tens of thousands of passengers affected by the changes . Koningsdam Arrives at Port Everglades n Crystal Serenity signals the return of Crystal Cruises to Port Everglades after several years, olland America Line’s new November 8, 2016. – Rich Turnwald photo. HKoningsdam arrived at Port rystal Serenity docked at Port Everglades on November 8, marking the Everglades on November 9 and will be Creturn of Crystal Cruises to the Fort Lauderdale port . For the past several based at the South Florida port for the years Crystal had been basing its ships at PortMiami . winter season . At 99,836 gross tons, she is The luxurious 68,780-ton vessel was welcomed by Port Everglades officials, and the largest ship to ever be built for the line . a plaque-exchange ceremony was conducted on board, with senior ship’s officers Koningsdam is the first HAL ship and Crystal Cruises executives present . A large banner was also displayed at the to bear that name, which honors entrance to the port, reading “Welcome Back Crystal Cruises ”. Willem Alexander, the first king of the Netherlands, in over a century .

72 • Spring 2017 PowerShips Redeploys to Port Canaveral Carnival Miracle to he 156,000-ton Norwegian Epic Tsailed into Port Canaveral on be Based in Tampa November 5 to begin a winter season of Eastern and Western Caribbean cruises from the central Florida port . The ship returned home to the United States after being based in Barcelona, Spain, for the previous year . Norwegian Epic is the largest NCL ship to ever homeport at Port Canaveral . Oasis of the Seas Homeports in Port Canaveral oyal Caribbean’s Oasis of the Seas Rbegan year-round cruising from n Carnival Miracle will be based in Tampa beginning January 2018. – Frank Manwell photo. Port Canaveral on November 13 . She’s arnival Cruise Line has announced that its 2,124-passenger Carnival the largest ship to ever sail from that CMiracle will be deployed from the Port of Tampa beginning in January port, utilizing Cruise Terminal 1, which 2018 . The ship will offer seven-night cruises to the Western Caribbean from the was specially built to accommodate Florida Gulf port . the 225,000-ton vessel . The terminal The Miracle joins the 2,052-passenger , which operates opened in December 2014, at a cost of four- and five-night cruises to Mexico. Carnival is the only year-round cruise $104 million . This state-of-the-art facility operator from Tampa . comprises 188,000 square feet, with a parking garage accommodating more speed, repositioned than 1,000 vehicles . from Galveston to Port Canaveral USS Montgomery in December, following a scheduled Suffers Cracked Hull Oosterdam in Tampa dry dock . , based at Port in Collision for Winter Season Canaveral, was relocated to Galveston . he U.S. Navy’s newest Littoral ort Tampa Bay officials welcomed Essentially, the two ships are covering TCombat Ship, USS Montgomery Pthe captain and crew of Holland each other’s itineraries . (LCS8), suffered a crack in its aluminum America Line’s Oosterdam on November The problem with Liberty stemmed hull after being hit by a tugboat . The in- 18 as the ship arrived at that port to begin from a faulty diesel generator, which cident occurred on October 4 as the ship her winter cruise season . The 82,000-ton made the ship unable to attain the was departing Naval Station Mayport ship replaced the smaller Ryndam, and she required speeds for her Western (Florida) in advance of approaching Hur- commenced a series of 7-, 14- and 21-night Caribbean itineraries . Ports of call ricane Matthew . cruises to the Western and Southern were being skipped, and two cruises According to reports, the incident Caribbean. For the first time, these cruises were completely canceled in November . opened a foot-long crack amidships were scheduled to depart on Fridays Ongoing repairs and even a scheduled along a weld seam, three feet above the instead of the traditional Saturday or dry dock didn’t resolve the issue . waterline, resulting in minor saltwater Sunday departures . The Liberty and Valor are near- intrusion . The ship didn’t need to Holland America Line initiated identical sister ships, built one year apart . immediately return to port . home port service from Tampa in 1982, The Valor is able to operate at the higher The Montgomery had recently suffered and it has been a regular operator in that speeds required for the four- and five- two unrelated engine “casualties” within market ever since . night Mexico itineraries . Liberty is easily a 24-hour period, shortly after being able to handle the shorter cruises to the christened . This was the reason the ship Carnival Liberty & Carnival nearby Bahamas from Port Canaveral . had been at Mayport in the first place – Valor Swap Deployment No other systems or functions of the ship to repair a seawater leak in the hydraulic ue to an ongoing technical are affected by the generator issue, and cooling system, and to deal with an issue Dissue affecting its maximum no safety has been compromised . with one of the gas turbines . PowerShips Spring 2017 • 73 But the woes weren’t quickly over for the Montgomery; as she was transiting the on October 29, en route to her designated home port of San Diego, she collided with a lock wall, which Passenger & caused an 18-inch- Cruise Ship News long crack in the hull rom September to December the on her port quarter . Ffollowing ships visited Australia – Repairs were later , Carnival Spirit, Celebrity made in San Diego . Solstice, , Dawn Princess, USS Montgomery , , Golden is the fourth ship Princess, Maasdam, Noordam, Pacific Eden, in the U .s . Navy’s Pacific Jewell, Pacific Pearl, Radiance of the Independence variant of Seas, Sun Princess and . the LCS, featuring an n Littoral Combat Ship USS Montgomery at Mayport, The number of passengers visiting or all-aluminum trimaran Florida, for repairs, October 2016. (See ‘USS Montgomery...," home porting in Australia and New Zea- hull . The vessel was page 73) – Florida Times-Union photo. land has reached an all-time high . Over the built by Austal USA . Southern Hemisphere summer 45 cruise according to local archeologists who have liners will be visiting Australian ports . Of Eastern Wins Massive explored the wreck site . these, eight ships are making maiden calls . USCG Cutter Contract The Union steamship Maple Leaf was The Australian versus United States dollar astern Shipbuilding of headed to Jacksonville on April 1, 1864, makes visiting down under attractive . And EPanama City, Florida, has won loaded with thousands of possessions we all speak English, more or less . the contract to build the U .s . Coast of Union regiments, when she was Plans by Carnival to relocate Carnival Guard’s Offshore Patrol Cutters . The sunk by Confederate mines in the St . Legend from Australian waters to China $10.5-billion contract is for two dozen John’s River . The wreck was declared during 2018 have been revised . Because of new vessels . At the cost of around $484 a National Historic Landmark in 1994, the high numbers of patrons cruising from million per ship, it’s the largest contract thus giving it special protection, and the Australia, the decision has been made the Coast Guard has ever awarded in its National Park Service set up a 24-acre to keep the ship in Australia and New 227-year history . buffer zone around the actual wreck. Zealand . There will be one cruise to and The new Offshore Patrol Cutters Yet two recent submerged telephone from Singapore to allow dry docking . will replace the service’s aging fleet of cables have been discovered in the medium-endurance cutters, some of area, and even though the wreck and its Weather which are over 50 years old . Each OPC artifacts are preserved under the mud at uring 2016 weather has caused will feature a flight deck and advanced the river’s bottom, concerns have been Dproblems with shipping arrivals command, control, communications, raised about possible damage occurring . and departures . Western Australia’s Port computer and reconnaissance equipment . A move to relocate the communications of Fremantle experienced delays . Port The first OPC is expected to be cables is underway . Botany, in Sydney, halted shipping on delivered in 2021; home port options are July 13 because of gale-force winds . currently being evaluated . Special thanks to Frank Manwell for his assistance and contributions to this Casualties Calls Made to Protect column!  hree Canadian passengers were Jacksonville Shipwreck Tarrested in Sydney when Sea Princess acksonville’s most historic arrived at that port . The passengers were n Write Rich Turnwald at shipwreck may have been damaged found to have a large cocaine drug haul . J 7635 SW 99th Court, Miami, FL 33173 by underwater telephone cables draped It was the largest drug seizure off a cruise or [email protected] over its 153-year-old wooden bones, ship in Australia .

74 • Spring 2017 PowerShips During a circle Pacific cruise, Sun Princess spent an extra day at San Francisco and omitted San Diego because of engine problems . Ferry News ormer North Queensland ferry FMagic Cat was built in 2006 as an excursion ferry and operated between Townsville and Magnetic Island . Now Sun Ferries has commenced a service between two islands of the Tongan Group using Magic Cat . A commissioning ceremony by the Crown Prince of Tonga took place on August 30 at Queen Salote Wharf at Nukualofa . The following day Magic Cat commenced service between Nukualofa and Ha’apai on the island of Vavau. n Port Phillip ferry Capricornian Dancer. (See “Ferry News”) – Bill Barber photo. Fast ferry Capricornian Dancer/Wyndam Explorer is providing a fast commuter vehicles will arrive by sea at Australian service from Melbourne’s Docklands to ports . This substantially increases either Wyndam Vale or further afield Shipping the number of motor vehicle carriers . to Port Arlington within Port Phillip ith a downturn of the live Eighty-five percent of all imports and Bay . The fast ferry was renamed on the Wcattle trade with , a exports are carried by sea . Shipping in hull to Wyndam Explorer, but above the number of cattle carriers are anchored the Singapore region has dropped by 14 bridge and on the accommodation aft the off the Australian port of Darwin percent . Heaviest hit is the offshore oil original name is prominently shown . The awaiting orders . The ships carry bulls and gas industry, with many tugs laid up . Automatic Identification System still shows and cows from the North Australian Toll Shipping, which operates from the original name . The ferry has to slow ports of Townsville, North Queensland Melbourne to Burnie, announced on to ten knots while it’s in the River Yarra, and Darwin to various Indonesian ports . September 14 that it has contracted with which is affecting patronage . With the winding down of Australia’s a Chinese shipbuilder for two new ro/ro The first of an extended type of auto manufacturing industries, all new container ships . Sydney’s First Fleet Ferries is undergoing trials at the Incat Builders at Prince of Wales Bay, Hobart . It should be in service in Sydney Harbour within the next two months . Tug News mit Lamnalco, having divested Sitself of its towage operation out of Melbourne, Port Botany and Newcastle, has chartered many of its tugs to Svitzer Australia. As a result, Svitzer replaced, laid up or sold some of its older tonnage to overseas operators . Smit Lamnalco has continued to concentrate on competition with Svitzer in Brisbane, on maintaining its Gladstone towage and other Queensland ports of Mackay and n Smit Lamnalco tug SL Daintree is now operational under Svitzer Management with Svitzer Townsville, and management of the Port funnel logo (See “Tug News”) – Bill Barber photo. of Weipa in the far north of the state .

PowerShips Spring 2017 • 75 The small general cargo ship Sitka (288/1963) has operated a service between Yamba on the north coast of New South Wales to the New South Hanjin Files for Receivership Wales dependency of Lord Howe Island for the past 20 years . The small Danish coastal ship traded on a Danish coastal service until June 1987 before sailing via the Panama Canal to commence a vital lifeline service to Lord Howe Island . On August 21, the ship hit a reef at Kadavi Island in the Fijian Group after suffering mechanical failure . At the time of writing it’s feared she’ll become a total loss . News he inter-island ro-pax ferry TAratere continues to be plagued with n Hanjin Milano at the entrance to Port Phillip. – Bill Barber photo. mechanical problems and is frequently orean company Hanjin Shipping has filed for receivership, causing out of service since a major rebuild in Kchaos on services to and from Australia . One ship has unloaded containers Singapore . The ro-pax ferry normally at Port Botany, with containers for other ports remaining on the ship for a operates between Wellington, on the time. The first Hanjin ship arrived at the port on September 3 and remains North Island, via Cook Strait to Picton quarantined until further notice . on the South Island . On this occasion it was a mechanical steering problem that made whether the search will continue from November 1, 2016 . The State sidelined the ferry for almost one week . into 2017 . The Australian government Government of Victoria arranged a As part of the New Zealand government’s spearheads the sea search while some lease for 50 years and has raked in a transport operation, some politicians other nations that had passengers on the truckload of cash, which, one hopes, will have labeled it a lemon . plane have already stopped supplying be used frugally . One of the most remote islands in the logistics . Southwest Pacific has three voyages per Super-Yacht in Distress year as a lifeline from New Zealand . . The Tugs & Towage distress call was received from ship Claymore 11 (486/1968) of Stoney he two tugs Bhagwan Power and A the super-yacht Masteka 2 off the Creek Shipping New Zealand makes TPride, owned by the Bhagwan Group, north coast of New South Wales . The the three arduous voyages to Pitcairn have been sold to Svitzer Australia for use crew of four indicated that the vessel Island, famous for the Mutiny on the Bounty in the Eastern Australian ports of Sydney had broken down and was also leaking . history . When not on this service, the and Port Botany . The tugs departed The two female crew members were ship plies between New Zealand and Dampier, Western Australia’s west coast, transferred to Carnival Spirit, which Papua New Guinea . steaming north around Australia and diverted from its planned course for arriving at Sydney in mid-September . New Caledonia . The leak on the super- Naval News They are now renamed Svitzer Waratah yacht was stemmed and they awaited ustralia’s Naval Tanker HMAS and Svitzer Bondi respectively . the rescue tugs with pumps . To top off ASuccess called at the Indian port of an interesting evening, one of the two Chennai on August 20 to carry out at-sea Ports rescued crew won $899 after playing the exercises off the port . This is the second ith the selling of the Port of rescue liner’s poker machines .  time that bilateral exercises have been WDarwin in Australia’s Northern undertaken between the two nations . Territory to a Chinese consortium, n Write William G.T. Barber some overseas countries with a close Unit 27 – Townsend Gardens. Malaysian Flight MH 370 relationship with Australia have voiced 148 Townsend Road, St. Albans Park, ore parts of the lost Malaysian concern . Geelong Victoria 3219 Australiia plane are washing up on the East The Port of Melbourne has been M Email – [email protected] African coast line . A decision has to be handed over for leasing operations

76 • Spring 2017 PowerShips Delta Queen’s Fate Still Uncertain s of this writing, November 30, Alegislation to allow Delta Queen to engage in overnight cruising has not passed in Congress . The latest act offered up in the Senate contains the n In November 2016, the 2,800-hp Norman L . Snodgrass, owned by AEP River Operations, following language: “A bill to amend is seen tied up to the Ohio River bank near Point Pleasant, West Virginia. – Charles Bogart photo. Title 46, United States Code from the fire retardant materials requirement if instructing the crew in general maritime repairs to its lower gates . The Armistead i . the owners of such vessel make annual health and safety compliance; 2) Selden lock on the Black Water River was structural alterations to at least 10 providing hazard-specific training for closed in August and September 2016 for percent of the area of the vessel not those crewing the towboat and its barges replacement of its 60-year-old lock gates . constructed of fire retardant materials.” based upon cargos carried; 3) how often The Inner Harbor Navigation Canal Delta Queen’s superstructure is entirely the crew needs to receive training and be Lock was closed in July for a 130-day lock wood . She still remains at New Orleans, tested; 4) training of non-crew members chamber repair and gate replacement undergoing restoration that will cost who work or travel on the towboat and operation . Towboats were rerouted through an estimated $10 million . At present no its barges; and 5) documentation of the Baptiste Collette and Chandeleur Sound timeline has been published as to when training . To help barge operators and for travel between the Lower Mississippi Delta Queen will move to her new home port their crews come into compliance with River and Gulfport, Mississippi . The Port of Kimmswick, Missouri, located 30 miles Subchapter M, Seaman’s Church is now of Morgan City on the Atchafalaya River below St . Louis . There’s some speculation offering online training courses focusing continues to fight silting in its navigation that later in 2017 she’ll offer day cruises on on items one and two above . channel . The cutterhead dredge Leonard the Upper Mississippi River, where she’ll J was employed during the period of July steam during daylight hours and tie up at a Credential Rules to October to re-establish a 20-foot-deep, city wharf during the night . On October 5 he U.S. Coast Guard has finally 400-foot-wide, 12-mile-long channel . the National Trust for Historic Preservation Tissued rules for the installation A study by the state of Illinois has listed Delta Queen as one of America’s 11 of electronic readers to interrogate determined that commercial navigation Most Endangered Historic Places . Transportation Workers Identification on the Illinois River generates 1 7. Credentials . The rules cover where such million jobs and $102 .5 billion in wages . Seaman’s Church readers need to be located . At present, 525 However, the study notes that the Offers Training facilities have been identified that must have waterway’s infrastructure is aging and he five major events that the readers in place by August 23, 2018 . needs urgent repair . The study noted that Thistorically cause claims to be filed The cost is estimated to be $158 million . Congress authorized the construction of against towboat and barge operators two new 1,200-foot locks on the Illinois are: collisions/allisons, fire, equipment Locks River at Peoria and LaGrange in 2005, failure, slips and falls, and crew lost he Missouri River 2016 navigation but has yet to fund their construction . overboard . Human error is the cause Tseason was scheduled to end on Despite these facts, environmentalists of 80 percent of these incidents, and 81 November 22 at Sioux City, Iowa; want to shut Brandon Roads Lock, percent of these human errors result from November 25 at Kansas City, Missouri; located south of Chicago, to stop the a lack of training . Among the provisions and November 27 at St . Louis, Missouri . spread of Asian carp . This year the of Subchapter M, which covers towboats, The Jerry C. Costello Lock on the Corps has had to allocate $8 .2 million are crew training requirements . Kaskaskia River will be closed at various from its lock repair fund to study Asian These training requirements cover 1) times during November and December for Carp in the Illinois River .

PowerShips Spring 2017 • 77 Ports n 1969, the state of Indiana passed Ilegislation creating two state-funded ports on the Ohio River, Mount Vernon and Jeffersonville . The Port of Mount Vernon covers 1,200 acres and has 8,000 feet of riverfront, while the Port of Jeffersonville covers 1,057 acres and has 3,200 feet of riverfront . These two ports contribute $4 .5 billion to the state’s economy . In October, Indiana bought 725 acres at Lawrenceburg, Indiana for development as Indiana’s third Ohio n American Commercial Barge Lines 2,800-hp Roger W . Keeney is seen maneuvering River port . The land previously housed in November 2016 to snag a barge out of a fleet of barges tied to the West Virginia side of the an AEP power plant . Ohio River near Gallipolis, Ohio. A CSXT train is seen in the background heading toward The Port of Cincinnati, Ohio, and Huntington, West Virginia, over former B&O track. – Charles Bogart photo. Northern Kentucky was created in January 2015 . The port stretches from Mile 356 .8 Ann Channel Fleet Mooring was ordered CSX coal terminal on the Ohio River at to Mile 491 4. on the Ohio side of the to vacate its mooring area by a federal Maysville, Kentucky, closed in November . Ohio River and from Mile 357 4. to Mile court because of potential damage to the Capable of handling 6 million tons of coal 576 .3 on the Kentucky side . The port is riverbank from propeller wash . per year and up to 180 cars at a time, the the 13th largest port in the United States . Ohio River facility processed coal from No Indiana county lies within the Port of Museum Closed only ten 110-car-unit coal trains during Cincinnati and Northern Kentucky . he Mobile Maritime Museum, 2016 . Overall, coal movement by barge on Twhich opened with great fanfare on the Ohio River and its tributaries is down . New River Ferry September 26, 2015, was closed by the During 2016, all but one of the Ohio new Ohio River ferry may become city of Mobile, Alabama, on November 7, River locks has seen a decline in coal A operational in 2017 . It would 2016 . This state-of-the-art museum, which moving through their chambers . provide service between Rising Sun, covered both inland and ocean-going Coal-movement decline on the Indiana, and Rabbit Hash, Kentucky . A navigation, never generated the visitor Ohio River ranges from 33 .6 percent at ten-car passenger ferry is proposed with flow necessary to cover its operating costs. Markland Lock and Dam to 3 .8 percent a startup cost of $2 million . The purpose at Hannibal Lock and Dam . On the of the ferry is to allow Kentuckians easy Fuel Options Kanawha River, coal movement is down access to the Rising Star Casino boat . he possibility of Western River 40 percent, on the Tennessee River down Ttowboats converting to other 12 percent, on the Monongahela River Fleets Losing Out fuels rather than burning diesel is down 16 percent, on the Big Sandy River ith residential development coming under question . After ten years down 50 percent, and on the Green River Wlining more and more of the of operating alternative fuel boats in down 25 percent . All along the Western Western River banks, the location offshore operations, these boat owners Rivers, bulk terminals that handled coal of barge fleeting areas is becoming a are finding their craft operating life are having to reinvent themselves or major issue . In recent years, some barge being cut short as operating costs grow . shut down . Coal mine employment in fleeting areas have been closed by local A number of operators of these “green” Kentucky is at its lowest level since 1890 governments while requests to develop boats are re-examining the development – 6,254 miners statewide . In 2012 some others were denied . One new barge of green-powered towboats and looking 13,500 miners worked in just the Eastern fleeting area is the Fina Fleet, located on to convert their boats to diesel power . Kentucky Coal Field . the Neches River, which can handle 50 Grain movement on the Western barges . Canton Marine, located on the Cargoes Rivers remains strong . As of the end of Upper Mississippi River at Hannibal, he closing of Western River coal October 2016, total grain movement Missouri, recently received an eviction Tbarge loadouts continues as the was 34,003,000 tons, compared to notice from the city so its fleet area can flow of coal to power plants continues to 28,241,000 tons in 2015 . Corn, wheat be developed as a residential area . Lynn decrease . The barge coal loadout at the and soybean tonnage are all up, with

78 • Spring 2017 PowerShips corn increasing from 16,374,000 tons The 5,000-hp Mr. Paul, owned by New Orleans Steamboat Company in 2015 to 20,026,000 tons in 2016 . At Louisiana Towboat Company, has been has dropped its plans to build a new the same time, 2016 petroleum product sold to American Commercial Barge excursion boat . The company has instead shipment on the Western Rivers is up 8 Line and renamed John D. Nugent. purchased the riverboat Casino Rock percent from 2015 . Magnolia Marine sold the 3,200-hp Island, which offered gambling cruises out Mark Shurden to Tennessee Valley Towing, of Rock Island, Illinois, between 1992 Mystery Anchor which renamed her Harley Hall . and 2008 . The boat has three passenger n July, the dredge Bill Holman McBride River Service renamed the decks built on a hull 189 feet by 55 feet . Iencountered an underwater obstruction 1,450-hp Barbarian as Kendel Phillipp. Casino Rock Island is to be towed to New while dredging the Ohio River at Racine Orleans for rebuilding to carry 1,000 Lock and Dam . Upon raising the object, it Changes & Restorations passengers and is to start offering service was found to be a large Admiralty Pattern ince 1996, the former hydrofoil out of New Orleans in July 2017 . anchor . Its origin is unknown and the Spatrol boat USS Aries (PHM 5) has Corps has posted a photo of the anchor to been tied up in the Grand River at New Boats Delivered its Facebook page seeking information on Gasconade, Missouri, waiting to be turned ourg Drydock & Service of where it may have come from . into a museum ship . If present plans come BHouma, Louisiana, has delivered the to reality, the boat will open for display on 2,000-hp Gail Cecilla to LeBeouf Brothers New Identities July 30, 2017, at Cincinnati, Ohio . Towing . merican Commercial Barge Line Restoration of the excursion steamer The 2,000-hp Marty Cullivan has been Ahas renamed the 8,400-hp Robert Julie Belle Swan is moving forward and, if delivered by Horizon Shipbuilding of Crown as Ricky Hughes. Western River Boat all goes well, she’ll steam her first revenue Bayou la Batre, Alabama, to Florida Management renamed the 4,200-hp Ar- cruise in late June 2017 . Marine Transportation for operating on rowhead as Michael Calabby, and the 3,950- The American Queen Steamboat the Chicago River . hp Capt. Bill as Dottie Strait . Kirby Marine Company will add a third boat to its Marquette Transportation has has renamed six boats it purchased from existing fleet of American Queen and taken delivery of two 2,000-hp boats, SCF Liquids: the 3,200-hp SCF Express is American Empress . The new boat, to be St. Matthew and St. Simon, from Master now Navasota, the 3,200-hp SCF Gateway named American Duchess, will be built Marine of Bayou la Batre, Alabama, is now Cibolo, the 2,500-hp SCF Mariner on the hull of the Isle of Capri gambling and two 9,300-hp boats, Loree Eckstein is now Wichita, the 2,520-hp SCF Safety boat, presently based at Bettendorf, Iowa . and Chad Pregracke, from Gulf Island Leader is now Concho, the 2,520-hp SCF American Duchess will carry 166 passengers Fabricators of Houma, Louisiana .  Safety Spirit is now Frio, and the 2,500-hp for cruising between New Orleans, SCF Vision is now Lavaca. Griffin Barge Louisiana, on the Lower Mississippi n Write Charles H. Bogart at Line has renamed the 2,000-hp Jerry River and Ottawa, Illinois, on the Illinois 201 Pin Oak Pl., Frankfort, KY 40601 or Torok as Red Griffin and the 2,000-hp Nick River . She’s expected to enter service in [email protected] Lonneman as Susannah V. Griffen. July 2017 .

n The 2,180-hp Elizabeth D, operated by Imperial Towing, is seen heading down the Ohio River at Huntington, West Virginia, in November 2016. In front of her is the U.S. 52 Bridge. – Charles Bogart photo.

PowerShips Spring 2017 • 79 Tugboats by David M. Boone New Tugboat News

n The new Bisso tug Gladys B ready for delivery. – E.N. Bisso photo.

ignet Shipbuilding launched the Sazimuth stern drive tug Gladys B . for E .n . Bisso & Son at its shipyard in Pascagoula, Mississippi, on October 12 . Designed by Robert Allan, the n Clayton W . Moran conducting acceptance trials in Maine waters. (See “New Tugboat 5,362-hp tug is named for the wife of News”) – Moran Towing Corporation photo. the founder of the company, Captain Edwin Napoleon Bisso, who started the The newest Moran Towing tractor also announced that it has contracted company in 1946 . The tug is scheduled tug, Maxwell Paul Moran, was launched with Conrad Orange Shipyard, Orange, for delivery in mid-December . on September 30 at the Washburn & Texas, to build three 4,400-hp AT/B Master Boat Builders of Bayou Doughty shipyard in East Boothbay, tugs designed by Castleman Marine La Batre, Alabama, is building two Maine, and was seen conducting trials on of Beach, Florida . The Robert Allan-designed, advanced November 21 . This is the 37th tug built 110-foot by 38-foot tugs will be mated to RotorTugs for Seabulk Towing of Fort for Moran in its 18-year relationship with 80,000-barrel barges designed by Bristol Lauderdale, Florida. This is the first the shipyard, with four more ships under Harbor Group and built by Conrad time the RotorTug, which features construction . The next tug will be the Industries in Amelia, Louisiana . The triangular propulsion to deliver optimum Clayton W. Moran, named for the son of barges will measure 405 feet by 74 feet . maneuverability, will be used in the Jim and April Barker . It was scheduled to Delivery of the first tug, to be named United States . The tugs will be named launch in December 2016 . Assateague, is scheduled for August 2017 . Trident and Triton and are scheduled for Vane Brothers put its newest tug in Harley Marine Services has ordered delivery in early 2017 . Seabulk plans to service recently . The Baltimore is the two ship-handling tugs to be built at position the tugs in its fleets on the Gulf third of eight new tugs of the Elizabeth Diversified Marine in Portland, Oregon. Coast and the east coast of Florida . Anne class of 4,200-hp vessels contracted The tugs will be named Rich Padden and Bay Shipbuilding’s Sturgeon Bay, with St . Johns Ship Building in Palatka, Dr. Hank Kaplan and will be sisters to Wisconsin, shipyard delivered the barge Florida . The fourth tug is named the Michelle Sloan and Lela Franco. The Kirby 155-01 and the tug Heath Wood Delaware, and was scheduled for delivery 5,200-hp tractor tugs will be deployed to to the Kirby Corporation . The 6,000- by the end of 2016 . Designed by Frank further expand the company’s presence hp AT/B will be used to transport Basile of Entech Designs, this class of on the West Coast . petroleum and chemical products tugs is close cousins of the company’s Harvey Gulf International Marine domestically. This is the first unit Patapsco class, 15 of which were produced of New Orleans has received both delivered under a 2014 contract for two between 2004 and 2009 . The Baltimore American Bureau of Shipping and identical AT/B vessels, with the second uses two Caterpillar 3516 Tier 3 engines United States Coast Guard approvals due for delivery in mid-2017 . generating a total of 4,200 hp. Vane of construction drawings for an LNG-

80 • Spring 2017 PowerShips Eastern Shipbuilding, Panama City, Florida, delivered the escort tug David B . to Bay-Houston Towing Company . This is the third in a series of four Z-Tech- class terminal and escort tugs being built for Bay-Houston . In Galveston, Texas, Bay-Houston and Suderman & Young Towing Companies held christening ceremonies for their Z-Tech 2400-class vessels, H. Douglas M. and Z yana K . Along with the Neptune and Triton, the new tugs have joined the technologically-advanced fleet operated by G&H Towing. Foss Maritime’s newest Arctic-class tug Denise Foss completed her maiden voyage recently, a cargo delivery to n Vane’s new tug Baltimore at work. (See “New Tugboat News”) – Birk Thomas photo, the North Slope of Alaska . The tug tugboatinformationgroup.com. was paired with the 400-foot, double- deck barge American Trader to deliver modular cargo for an Alaskan oil and gas company . The cargo was loaded in Vancouver, Washington, for the voyage to Alaska . The 7,268-hp vessel complies with the requirements in the American Bureau of Shipping Guide for building and classing vessels intended to operate in polar waters . Other Tugboat News lympic Tug & Barge Company, OSeattle, Washington, sold its tug Catherine Quigg, the ex-Swanee, to East Coast buyers to support marine construction and dredging operations in that region . The tug was built in Long Beach, California, in 1977 and has n Denise Foss underway on her delivery trip. (See “New Tugboat News”) – Foss Maritime photo. been repowered for a total horsepower of 1,350 . fueled, 4,000-cubic meter, LNG-supply The 100-foot tug is powered by twin Dann Marine Towing, Chesapeake AT/B . It’s designed for both ship-to- Caterpillar main engines generating City, Maryland, has purchased two ship and shore-side resupply transfers of 4,480 hp . The Mr. Ruben is the sixth new tugs from Kirby Offshore Marine . The liquefied natural gas. Harvey Gulf has tractor tug and the tenth new tug built Vigilant has been renamed Pearl Coast and played a leading role in developing the for Bisso by Main Iron Works in the past the Resolute has become the Sapphire Coast. U .s . marine LNG market, including 25 years . This addition brings the total Both tugs were built at Main Iron Works, delivering the first U.S. vessel to use number of tugs in the Bisso fleet at work Houma, Louisiana, the Vigilant in 1978 LNG as a marine fuel and developing on the Mississippi River to 12 . and Resolute in 1982, for Dixie Offshore the first U.S. marine LNG-refueling VT Halter Marine delivered the Transportation, Inc . The tugs are almost terminal at Port Fourchon, Louisiana . 6,000-hp, twin-screw AT/B Frederick E. identical, with a length of 127 4. feet Bisso Towboat Company took delivery Bouchard from its Pascagoula, Mississippi, and horsepower of 5,600 and 4, 860 of the tractor tug Mr. Ruben, the first of shipyard . The tug is the sister to the respectively . Kirby acquired the tugs in two identical tugs under construction at Morton S. Bouchard, which was delivered 1998, and as newbuilds enter their fleets, Main Iron Works, Houma, Louisiana . in February . the older tugs are being sold off .

PowerShips Spring 2017 • 81 The tug Ocean Ranger, owned by Coming in the Western Towboat Company in Seattle, Washington, was towing a 525-foot floating Summer Issue of drydock from Seattle to Mexico on October 26 when the drydock started taking on PowerShips water and developing a list 40 miles west of San Francisco . The tug detached from the tow and the drydock sank soon after . On October 13 the U .s-owned . Kirby n Cynthia Turecamo, recently retired from the Offshore Marine tug Nathan E. Stewart, Moran fleet. – Moran Towing Corporation photo. towing the empty petroleum barge DBL- As new and more powerful tractor 55, ran aground on a reef at the entrance to tugs enter service in the ports of the Seaforth Channel north of Athlone Island, United States, the older and less powerful Sailing to the East French British Columbia . Hull damage resulted in tugs have to find new homes or go to Style: Cambodge, Laos the tug sinking while she was still attached scrap . One such tug is Moran’s Cynthia & Viet-Nam to the barge in the stern notch . The crew Turecamo . The tug was built in 1969 at In Lives of the Liners, William Miller offers a was safely evacuated but the hull rupture Main Iron Works, Houma, Louisiana, brief history of the three combination passenger- resulted in a major oil spill that fouled the and was named Lawton M . Calhoun for cargo ships, known as the “Three Musketeers,” ocean water and nearby shoreline . Bad the president of the Savannah Sugar that Messageries Maritimes built in the early weather prevented a quick salvage, as Refinery. The Atlantic Towing Company 1950s to replace aging, pre-war passenger ships. the tug was detached from the barge and put the tug to work in their Savannah allowed to sink . She was then taken 22 fleet, where she plied her trade for many British India to miles off Bella Bella, where she was finally years . Turecamo Maritime bought the the Persian Gulf lifted onto a barge on November 15 and company, and her name was changed to Terry Tilton presents a comprehensive account of removed to Surrey, British Columbia . Cynthia Turecamo . In 1998 Moran acquired the British India Steam Navigation Company. The Great North River Tugboat Race, Turecamo and the tug lost her familiar Founded in 1856, British India became the postponed from September 4 due to the wood-grain deckhouse colors . She was a largest company in the British merchant fleet pending arrival of Hurricane Matthew, single-screw tug with 2,875 hp, a great tug and was the glue that held the far flung British was held on October 9 . Gray skies and in her day, but no longer viable to handle Empire together. rain greeted the small fleet of tugs that the new and much larger ships that call attended . Buchanan Marine brought at Savannah today . So after 47 years, the Plus its Buchanan I and Mister T ,. while Don Cynthia was recently retired . Her fate at this Jon Marine’s Emily Ann and Meagan Ann time is unknown .  American Freighters arrived to participate . Also in the mix were Jim Shaw presents a concise history of some of the Miller Launch’s Susan Miller, Norfolk Tug’s n Write David M. Boone at final American breakbulk cargo ships of the post- James William and Taft Beach and Wittich 36 Kendall Blvd., Oaklyn, NJ 08107 or war years and their operators, which included Brothers Marine’s Sea Wolf . The Emily Ann [email protected] Lykes, American Export, Isbrandtsen, Farrell, was the overall winner of the tug race . Moore-McCormack, among others. NUMBER 301 • SPRIN G 2017

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82 • Spring 2017 PowerShips Reviews Edited by William A. Fox n SSHSA assumes no responsibility for opinions expressed by reviewers, nor are reviews official statements of the Society itself. creating the parts exactly as the designer illustrations are the author’s own skilled RMS TITANIC: MADE IN envisioned. That these firms could ship perspective drawings of tugs and their THE MIDLANDS these parts, as needed, by rail, canal and operations, captioned and labeled for Andrew P. B. Lound. The History Press (The horse-drawn wagon to an English port clarity . It took him 25 years to produce Mill, Brinscombe Port, Stroud, Gloucestershire for onward shipment to Titanic’s building this book, and there’s color on every page . GL5 2QG UK) +(0)1453 883300, web@ site . That when these parts did arrive at In 13 chapters every conceivable thehistorypress.co.uk. 2017. 239 pp., illustrated. the building site they all fit with parts aspect of tugboats and their lore is $32.95. Paperback. Available from Amazon.com. built by other companies, even though examined . The book opens with the ou’re most probably saying to these companies had no direct contact . question, “What is it about tugboats?” Yyourself, “Not another book on As far as the reviewer is concerned, Basically, everyone loves tugs for their RMS Titanic . the construction and movement of form and function and, according to the There’s nothing Titanic’s anchors from their builder to the author, seeing them gives us pleasure . As new that can be shipyard is the most fascinating account for history, the illustration “Unmotorized written about within the book . Here we’re presented Methods of Moving Ships in Harbors” her ”. In the case not only with the corporate history of n . makes the need for their invention of this book, you Hingley & Sons, but with the company’s obvious . would be wrong, use of photos, advertising and news Jonathan Hulls, an English farmer since the author is releases to promote itself . The book is and inventor, is credited with having concerned about full of contemporary illustrations of the patented the tug in 1736, and the Charlotte the contributions various Midland products, large and Dundas of 1803 was the first one. Chapters that the English Midlands made to the small, that went into fitting out Titanic . on the development of modern tugs, tug construction, outfitting and crewing of It closes with an account of persons, screws and rudders, classic shiphandling this magnificent liner. crew and passengers from the Midlands methods and tractor tugs follow . The The author’s central theme is that, who were aboard Titanic for her maiden chapters Tugs and Ships: Shape and while managed voyage and what happened to them . This Size, and Who’s Who, illustrate and the design and assembly of Titanic, the account is complemented by a chapter on describe the tugs themselves, the ships components that made up the ship came how the people of the Midlands reacted that they handle, and the personnel who from hundreds of companies, which in to the sinking of the great ship . operate and manage them . Chapters on turn were dependent upon numerous If you’re at all interested in the story Tug Design and Construction, Tugs and other companies to provide the materials of RMS Titanic, this book is well worth Barges, Coastal and Ocean Towing, to shape the end product . These reading and adding to your library . Anchor Handling Tug/Supply Vessels for components, which when assembled Charles H. Bogart Offshore Oil Exploration, and Rescue would form Titanic, were in the majority and Salvage complete the book . of cases built in and around Birmingham, TUGBOATS ILLUSTRATED: Detail and clarity perfuse this book . I England . Once the various parts were History, Technology, especially liked the operational drawings manufactured in the Midlands, they had Seamanship of an 1880s railroad tug engine, a cycloidal to be transported to , Northern Paul Farrell. W.W. Norton, Inc. 500 Fifth propeller and an azimuthing propulsion Ireland, Titanic’s building site . Avenue, New York, NY 10110), 212-354-5500, unit . Tugboats Illustrated is a work of art . It’s with this supply chain that the wwnorton.com. 2016. 192 pp., illustrated. Before reading it I thought I knew a lot author is concerned. He finds it amazing $49.95. Hardcover. about that in the days before computers, rchitect Paul Farrell has been tugs . I was drawings of the individual parts of Adescribed as an obsessive tugboat wrong . You Titanic could be distributed to various enthusiast. In this oversized and profusely will enjoy contractors and subcontractors, and that illustrated volume, he covers every aspect this book . these individual firms could turn the of their history, technology and operation . William A. vision of the ship’s designer into reality by Photographs abound, but most of the Fox

PowerShips Spring 2017 • 83 is nonfiction the only way to learn of life might restore his ability to walk unaided . STEAMER STORIES: aboard ships in times past . One of these was spending several weeks An Annotated Bibliography With some 3,200 entries, this during mid-winter in southern Florida, of Steamship Fiction, book affirms “the powerful role that where the warm water and climate might 1845–2012 ships have played in the culture of the enable him to walk again . Daniel C. Krummes. Oak Knoll Press (310 English-speaking world,” to quote the Renting a houseboat for several Delaware St., New Castle, DE 19720), 302- preface . It’s sure to invoke nostalgia weeks in early 1923 prepared the way 328-7232, www.oakknoll.com. 2016. 481pp., for the golden age of freighters and for the purchase of a seventy-one foot illustrated. $95.00. Hardcover. passenger liners, while bringing to life houseboat that fall . FDR and his friend horoughly engrossing, this vast the characters beloved in serials of those John Lawrence coughed up the $3,750 Tcatalog of fiction in English “that years, including, among many, gabby for their questionable “real bargain,” involves “eternal mate” Mr . Gallup on tramp powered by two 35-hp engines, and steamers worldwide, Tugboat Annie sent her down coast from Long Island or the men and her antics in Puget Sound, and to Jacksonville . There FDR boarded and women Cappy Ricks, the go-get-’em West Coast the Larooco, on February 2, 1924, for the who sailed shipowner and tycoon . first of his three winter sojourns, and in them” The appendices “Top-Rated Works” the first entry appeared in what was to represents and “Who’s Who in Steamship Fiction,” become a sixty-five-page, hand-written 15 years of as well as the “Index of Illustrators,” log, recounting the daily activities research will aid readers and researchers alike, from the 1924 through 1926 seasons . by the while the many illustrations (including a A photocopy of this hand-written log former Director of the Institute of 16-page color section) are charming . follows the printed version . Numerous Transportation Studies Library at But most of all, this book is simply photographs from each season are also Berkeley, who previously published Cruel smashing entertainment, a book to pick included . There are reports of weather, Seas (the online bibliography of World through and savor for bedtime reading . engine issues and other problems, War II merchant ship fiction) as well as Clearly a labor of love by a talented which are often amusing for those less Dining on Inland Seas, the groundbreaking cataloger, avid reader of fiction and interested in the private, social side of study of Great Lakes ship chinaware . devotee of steamships . A spectacular the daily log, such as fishing and guests. In Steamer Stories Daniel Krummes achievement . Douglas Brookes By 1926 FDR’s attention had turned brings to us not only the titles of to a more promising alternative for novels, novellas and short stories of FDR ON HIS restoring his crippled legs, the resort steamer fiction, but also insightful – HOUSEBOAT: spa at Hot Springs, , which and delightfully witty – synopses of The Larooco Log, he would acquire and transform into the storylines, along with occasional 1924–1926 a polio rehabilitation center . He did excerpts that take one directly into Karen Chase, ed. State University of New York this immediately after his last Florida the story and make one want to Press (353 Broadway, State University Plaza, sojourn ended, late in March 1926, read it . The book is far more than Albany, NY 12246), 518-944-2800, sunypress. closing this lesser-known chapter in his a mere listing . Instead its vast scope com. 2016. 210 p.p., illustrated. $19.95. life . As for the Larooco, laid up in the underscores the rich capacity of fiction, Hardcover. Fort Lauderdale River, the September in the hands of a talented writer, for tricken by polio in August 1921 1926 hurricane tidal surge left her high conveying the human dimensions – Sand never able to walk again, former and dry and she was sold for junk the social and psychological – of life in that Assistant following year . microcosm of society, a ship at sea . Secretary The introduction, the log itself and its The stories explore realms not usually of the Navy accompanying photographs provide an considered by “factual” ship books: and future informative glimpse into the private side of the sea as maker or breaker of people; President of FDR’s life during those three therapeutic humankind versus technology; love, the United Florida sojourns . Martin J. Butler  usually between passengers and crew States or between crew and their families; Franklin n Write William A. Fox at ships as sentient beings; and the Delano 112 Colonel’s Way, Williamsburg, VA 23185 superstitious ways of sailors, to name Roosevelt or [email protected] but a few. Fiction, yes; but by no means sought any treatment then available that

84 • Spring 2017 PowerShips by Barry Eager Heard on the Fantail with flush paneling of exotic woods. Polished chrome railings and other features evoked memories of the prewar liners . Their engines were turbo-electric, notably quiet in their operation . I recall touring the Pat’s engine spaces and standing in the starboard shaft alley as she smoothly cruised at 17 knots . The Pat was converted to take over the Alaska cruise service in 1963, succeeding Princess Louise (which became a floating restaurant opposite San Pedro in Southern California) . The former freight space on the Pat’s main deck was converted to cabins . Those on the starboard side provided expanded capacity for passengers, while the port side was given over to the crew . Still more passenger cabins were added on the upper decks, and an additional observation n Bridge deck of Princess lounge was built topside aft . All of these Cruising Glacier Bay on Patricia on Glacier Bay. – were paneled in varnished wood . Princess Patricia Barry Eager photo.

hree of the most memorable with only low plants and unforgiving rock . days of my life have been spent At the end of Tarr Inlet the ship Taboard vessels in Alaska’s Glacier stopped off Margerie and Grand Pacific Bay . The scenery in that primeval inlet is Glaciers . We saw icebergs calve from the breathtaking, to say the least . Freed of the Margerie Glacier, while Grand Pacific ice that filled it until a century ago, the showed its face decorated with fascinating Bay has become a tourist mecca . Its many patterns of black dirt and ice in hues of n TEV Princess Patricia arriving at glaciers are active, and the wildlife includes blue and white. A seal was floating nearby Skagway, Alaska’s railroad dock. – Edward O. both land-based and aquatic mammals on a small berg . Clark photo, SSHSA Archives. along with many species of bird life . While the ship lay off the glaciers, In those last days of CP’s service, For those of us who love ships, a visit the bridge was opened to the passengers . the crew and stewards were still attired during the summer season will also provide Capt . Ray Hudson set the tone with his in traditional uniforms and conducted sightings of a number of cruise ships . friendly welcome . The varnished paneling themselves politely and formally, My favorite days in the Bay were enjoyed on the outside of the pilot house sparkled without the hype of modern cruising . aboard Canadian Pacific’s coastal liner in the sun and the two red stacks stood out The combination of the vintage ship, Princess Patricia (ii) in 1979 and 1980 . On one against the backdrop of mountains and operated in traditional fashion, and the of these days, we entered the Bay in early ice. Polished brass fittings perfected the magnificent natural wonders made for morning in a thick fog . After pausing to pick scene for the ship-lovers . an experience not to be forgotten .  up our park ranger guide, we proceeded The Pat and her sister Princess Marguerite north in a world of white . In time the fog (ii) were built by Fairfield in Scotland in n Write Barry Eager at lifted slowly and we watched the barren 1949 for the Triangle service between Box 87, Berlin, MA 01503 shores and great mountains appear . There Vancouver, Victoria and Seattle. Their or [email protected] was a sense that this land was still young¸ interiors were reminiscent of Queen Mary

PowerShips Spring 2017 • 85 From the Collection by Don Leavitt n A portion of the Stephen Barrett Chase Ship Model Collection on display at SSHSA’s Ship History Center. – Photo by Bryan Lucier

pared with modern metal die-cast models, the details are far simpler . Yet with careful shaping of superstructure, deck equipment and funnels, plus accurate paint colors, the “character” of the ship is successfully reproduced on a tiny scale . From personal experience, I can attest that the models are sturdy, with strong, tooth-pick-sized masts and little details such as lifeboats well glued down . I no more than look at modern die- cast models and their plastic masts snap off . Stephen Chase collected these vessels over a 35-year period . He discovered SSHSA at age eighteen . The ship bug “The Perfection of Tinycraft” stayed with him as he built here stands ready to sail a a few bucks a successful flotilla of passenger ships, lined and came in interior design Tup stem to stern, in a corner a handsome career . Frequent of the Ship History Center . There are display box . business trips to 186 of them, and while they’re just a few Europe enabled inches long, they make an impressive fleet n An early him to search lined up against a mirrored backdrop . Bassett-Lowke out rare models This is the Stephen Barrett Chase Ship catalog illustrates for his collection . Model Collection . The scale is 1:1200, the virtue of the Sadly, he passed or one inch of length for every 100 feet models’ constant away in 1994 at on the real vessel . About half came from 1/1250 scale for age 52 . Bassett- British manufacturer Bassett-Lowke, building a large Lowke went out of which crafted these gems out of wood for collection of models. business at age 67 in 50 years. SSHSA’s fleet is one of the larg- 1965, the result of com- est Bassett-Lowke collections on public “The construction petition from cheapie display anywhere in the world . of these models is plastic models . Bassett-Lowke promoted its miniature almost a science in But the memory of ships as “The Perfection of Tinycraft .” In itself,” explained the both Mr . Chase and the company’s thick catalog from 1931, company . “It takes Bassett-Lowke live on 99 ships in 1:1200 scale are listed for sale, patience, skill and here at the Ship History ranging from giantesses such as White accuracy, for not only must the individual Center, their enthusiasm and craftsman- Star’s Berengaria and North German Lloyd’s parts themselves be accurate, but the ship on display in a world of tinycraft .  Bremen, down to smaller liners such as character surrounding the models must P&O’s Naldera and Union-Castle’s Balmoral be like unto the original when the whole n Write Don Leavitt at Nautiques, Castle . These ships are included in the reproduction has been completed .” 255 Pleasant St., South Ryegate, VT ext time you visit SSHSA, take a close Chase Collection . While worth hundreds N 05069 or [email protected] of dollars today, back in 1931 they cost just look at the Bassett-Lowke models . Com-

86 • Spring 2017 PowerShips Captains’ Circle Members as of April 26, 2017

Commodore Mr. Paul J. O’Pecko Mr. Charles T. Andrews Mr. Richard Palmer Mr. Preston B. Baker CAPT & Mrs. Roland R. Parent CAPT John M. Cox Ms. Mary L. Payne Mr. William W. Donnell Mr. Mark B. Perry Mr. Barry W. Eager CAPT Dave Pickering Mr. & Mrs. Donald W. Eberle Mr. Donald Pomplun Mr. & Mrs. William Edwards Mr. David L. Powers, Jr. Mr. & Mrs. Arthur J. Ferguson Mr. Richard Rabbett Mr. Robert J. Golden Mr. Thomas C. Ragan Mr. John B. Henry Mr. Thomas Reed Mr. & Mrs. Robert E. Hughes Mr. Harry E. Richter Mr. Scott G. Huston Mr. William A. Schell Mr. Neil E. Jones Mr. & Mrs. James W. Shuttleworth Mr. Murray Kilgour Mr. & Mrs. Stephen Smith Mr. Nicholas Langhart Mr. Cesare Sorio Mr. Don Leavitt Mr. Kent Strobel Mr. H. F. Lenfest CAPT Eric Takakjian Mr. John Mahoney CAPT & Mrs. Terry Tilton, USN (Ret.) Mr. Ralph S. McCrea Mr. G. Thomas Tranter Mr. William M. McLin & Mr. Samuel J. McKeon Mr. Terence Turner Captain & Mrs. James J. McNamara CAPT Robert F. Wasson, Jr., CPA Dr. Laurence Miller Mr. Peregrine White An Exclusive Member Mr. Richard Muller Mr. Eric Wiberg Commander Mr. Patrick Dacey CAPT Warren McDonald, Category from SSHSA Mr. Joseph Bains Dr. Clive Dudley, D.D. USCGR, (Ret.) Mr. David Bomhof Mr. John F. Gibson, III Mr. Carl R. Nold s a Captains’ Circle member The Rev. James Brandmueller CAPT Kenneth M. Graham Mr. Roy C. Rose Mr. Odd A. Brevik CDR Michael Greene, USN (Ret) Mr. Paul Shepard you’ll join with peers who CAPT Gene M. Cameron Mr. and Mrs. Glenn P. Hayes Mr. Shapleigh Smith share your interest in the Mr. Gabriel Caprio Mr. Francis Lazar Mr. Donn R. Spear history and culture of fine Mr. Stanley J. Ciaputa CAPT Leif Lindstrom Mr. Douglas A. Tilden Mr. William D. Comings, Jr. Mr. Laurence P. MacDonald CAPT John S. Tucker vessels, enjoy significant benefits and recognition, and be part of our impor- Mariner Mr. Raymond H. Fredette Mr. Charles W. Moorman tant mission: recording, preserving and Mr. Jim Antonisse Mr. Mark Gathings Mrs. Harry Morgan sharing maritime heritage . Mr. Thomas Barrett Mr. Albert Gilder Mr. William G. Muller Mr. Richard L. Barwis, IV Mr. Larry Glenwright Dr. and Mrs. William P. Murphy Mr. Jerome Batchelor Mr. Paul S. Gravenhorst Mr. Bruce Nickerson Mr. and Mrs. Vincent Bellafiore Mr. Robert A. Haslun Mr. Brian L. Norden Mr. and Mrs. Charles D. Bieser Mr. Alexander G. Hedin Mr. Kevin F. O’Donnell Among the Many Benefits... Mr. Ted Blank Mr. Albert R. Hinckley, Jr. Oregon Maritime Museum Mr. Conrad Breit Mr. Buell Hollister Mr. Ronald L. Oswald • Council of American Maritime Museums Mr. Peter Brix Mr. Cyrus Hosmer III Mr. Hollis S. Paige Cards for complimentary admission to 80 Mr. Robert Brown Mr. John C. Hover, II Mr. Art Peabody Mr. J. O. Busto Mr. Harold Kaplan Mr. Richard G. Pelley maritime museums Mr. and Mrs. Donald Caldera Mr. Timothy J. Kelly Mr. Clarence Rahn Dr. George Callard Mr. Stephen Lash Mr. W. Bruce Redpath • Recognition as a member of Captains’ Circle Mr. John Cameron, Jr. Mr. Thomas Lavin Mr. William S. Reid CAPT Gerard P. Carroll Mr. Matthew Lawrence Mr. William M. Rosen in SSHSA’s e-newsletter, The Telegraph, Mr. David P. Clarendon Capt. David Leech Mr. Bruce Rowe Mr. Charles W. Clarke Mr. Reginald Lewington Dr. Victor H. Rubino and in PowerShips magazine Mr. John J. Crowley, Jr. Mr. Michael Lewis Mr. and Mrs. Matthew S. Schulte Mr. Ian Danic Ms. Susan E. Linda Mr. John W. Schumann • Invitations to Captains’ Circle events Mr. Donald Deckebach CAPT Adrian M. Loughborough Mr. Bruce C. Seibel Mr. Antone DeGerlia Mr. Joe MacArthur Mr. Walter A. Shields CAPT Robertson Dinsmore Mr. Jeff MacKlin Mr. Howard Smart • Specially selected archival quality maritime Mr. Steven Draper Mr. Gary Maehl Mr. Britton C. Smith prints from SSHSA’s Image Porthole Mr. Michael Dugan Mr. James P. Martin Mr. Mark Snider Mr. Andrew W. Edmonds Mr. David L. McColloch Mr. John S.W. Spofford Mr. Andrew Edmonds Mr. Daniel L. McCoy Mr. Alan Stover Mr. Jonathan Ely Mr. Walter Lynn McLaughlin Mr. Alexander Swavy Mr. Elmer Engman Captain Ronald J. Meiczinger Mr. Richard Vanaria Mr. Bruce J. Estell Mr. Harry Meyer Mr. Stephen Weaver Mr. Robert Foley Mr. Charles A. Miller, III Call SSHSA for more information at (401) 463-3570 or visit www .sshsa org. at! ar II Aflo

e the Action of World W erienc Exp Aboard the Liberty wShipn John W Bro

Cruise Saturday September 9 The SS JOHN W. BROWN is one of the last operating H Celebrating 75 Years H survivors from the great fleet of over 2,700 war-built Liberty Ships 1942 - 2017 and the last operational troopship of World War II. The ship is a maritime museum and a memorial to the shipyard workers who built, merchant mariners who sailed, and the U.S. Navy Armed From Baltimore on Guard who defended the Liberty ships during World War II. the Chesapeake Bay The John W. Brown is fully restored and maintained as close as possible to her World War II configuration. Visitors must be able to walk up steps to board the ship.

This exciting 6 hour day cruise includes lunch, music of the 40’s, period entertainment and flybys (conditions permitting) of wartime aircraft. Tour on-board museums, crew quarters, bridge and much more. See the magnificent 140-ton triple-expansion steam engine as it powers the ship through the water.

H Order your tickets online at: www.ssjohnwbrown.org H For information call: 410-558-0164 Visit www.ssjohnwbrown.org for special pricing, group rates, gift certificates and more.

Last day to order tickets is 14 days before the cruise. Conditions and penalties apply to cancellations. Project Liberty Ship is a Baltimore based, all volunteer, nonprofit organization.