Playground for Wellness
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Project Report Playground for wellness Design proposal for Heden, Gothenburg Author:Xue Zeng Master in Arts Innovation through Business, Engineering and Design Linnaeus University Supervisor:Petra Lilja and Miguel Salinas; Johan Vaide, Sara Hyltén- Cavallius, Ola Ståhl Examiner: Lars Dafnäs Date:16th of May 2016 Level:Degree Project (Master) Course code:5D174E Abstract The aim of this paper is to account of a process generating a city planning solution for Heden in Gothenburg. The solution is based on research from different stakeholders’ perpective, study of reference projects and inventory of the site made by the municipality, to find an innovative feature for the site. By redefining the program of Heden from a place for mainly football and parking to a node for all kinds of physical activities, the attraction to it will be stronger, since the target group is broader. The solution is to provide a variety of functions that all fits in the concept of a public wellness center. Keywords Wellness, Architecture, Heden, Gothenburg, City planning i 1 Background _________________________________________________________3 1.1 Aims and purposes ________________________________________________ 4 1.2 Delineation ______________________________________________________ 4 2 Theory and Methods __________________________________________________5 2.1 City Planning and Unused City Space _________________________________ 5 2.2 Landscape Urbanism ______________________________________________ 5 2.3 The identity of a site _______________________________________________ 6 2.4 Case Studies _____________________________________________________ 7 2.5 Stakeholder Map __________________________________________________ 8 2.6 Brainstorming ____________________________________________________ 8 3 Context _____________________________________________________________9 3.1 The municipality’s inventory of Heden ________________________________ 9 3.2 Stakeholders ____________________________________________________ 10 3.2.1 The local municipality _________________________________________ 10 3.2.2 The Gothia cup ______________________________________________ 11 3.2.3 The public __________________________________________________ 11 3.2.4 Göteborgarnas Heden _________________________________________ 11 3.2.5 Discussion of the stakeholders___________________________________ 12 3.3 Reference projects _______________________________________________ 12 3.3.1 ADEPT ApS - Kragh & Berglund Landskabsarkitekter – Moe & Brødsgaard _______________________________________________________________ 12 3.3.2 MA Arkitekter - EGA - Sydväst – Transsolar – Stiba _________________ 13 3.3.3 Wingårdhs - Erséus arkitekter - Beijing Turen Design Institute - Atelier One - Atelier Ten ______________________________________________________ 14 3.3.4 Nyréns et al _________________________________________________ 15 3.3.5 Tyréns AB - Dahl & Uhre Arkitekter - Malmström Edström Arkitekter ___ 15 3.4 Discussion of the five architecture proposals ___________________________ 16 3.4.1 Overview ___________________________________________________ 16 3.4.2 Spatiality ___________________________________________________ 17 3.4.3 Circulation __________________________________________________ 18 3.4.4 Range ______________________________________________________ 19 3.4.5 Vegetation __________________________________________________ 20 3.4.6 Buildings ___________________________________________________ 20 3.4.7 Building direction ____________________________________________ 20 3.4.8 Density _____________________________________________________ 20 3.4.9 The City Planning Office’s proposal ______________________________ 21 3.5 Analysis of the context ____________________________________________ 21 4 Design _____________________________________________________________22 4.1 Concept ________________________________________________________ 22 4.2 Design Solutions _________________________________________________ 24 4.3 Form Evolution __________________________________________________ 26 1 4.4 Final design_____________________________________________________ 29 5 Summery and Discussion _____________________________________________33 6 Reference List_______________________________________________________35 1 Background Heden is an open space in the middle of Gothenburg city center. Since the maneuver has stopped in the last century it has been a public place for sports practicing, demonstrations, fairs, markets and exhibitions. Today the area is used for ball and sports (40%), events (5%), buildings (15%), public transport (5%), car parks (25%) and other (10%). (Göteborgs Stad, 2013) It is best known for sports and events. The access for the public is easy but several paths on Heden is now cutted off by parking or fences. Meanwhile, Heden is today a focal point for integration of people, especially because of Gothia Cup - the world's largest youth football tournament. But most time Heden is desolated with a low rate of utilization. It is a big void in the city structure. City planners and architects over the years have given countless suggestions on the development of Heden, even though very little has been built. The local municipality considers Heden as worn and cluttered in the current condition, which emerge from their program document on Heden (Göteborgs Stad, 2009, p. 19). It stayed that Heden lacks a clear spatial order. Parking, bus terminal and football fields have been placed without any clear overview. The soccer plans are growing with its artificial grass and high fences. Gravel surfaces are uneven and poorly drained with puddles of water as a result. It is perceived as a deserted place in anticipation of exploitation. When the housing shortage appeared on the agenda, it becomes necessary to plan for buildings even on Heden. However, the big open place for spontaneous or spectacular features is still a value to take into account. Heden's potential, with its 120,000 square meters right in the center of Gothenburg, is huge. It is located between the Avenue - the shopping node - and the events string along Skånegatan. Instead of being a link between these nodes, it is more like a barrier. Heden as an immense, open void between these destinations just makes the mental distance longer. Encircling roads are Engelbrektsgatan on the south, Sten Sturegatan on the east, Parkgatan on the north and Södra Vägen on the west. But the most important connection for Heden is probably the extension of Vasagatan, which goes from the Avenue on the west, through the middle of Heden and further to the events street Skånegatan. Heden was historically part of the the south entrance of the old Gothenburg. The southern part of Heden, which faces Engelbrektsgatan, has lawns and perennial plants. This southern part also have a playground, a volleyball court, and a boules court. The parking on Heden can contain over 1,000 cars. It also has a bus terminal and provide service to the buses from Partille, Mölndal, Frölunda and Kållered. Heden has also an exhibition area, sports areas and areas for other activities and events, like for visiting circuses, parties and some kinds of large events. Compared the closed building blocks and streets of the inner city, Heden has its own personality and individuality. Heden is a unique area in Gothenburg with a historical and cultural value. (Göteborgs Stad, 2009) 1.1 Aims and purposes My bachelor is architecture design and my graduate design is urban planning of a Chinese city. I have an interest in urban planning and landscape architecture. For the moment, I want to practice this knowledge on a Swedish city planning. That is why Heden attracts me, when it has potential to contain both of these categories. The purpose of this paper is to find a concrete design proposal to the needs for Heden, where it can integrate with the rest of the city and also where the city as a whole can get benefits from Heden’s new layout. A main challenge is to get as broad picture as possible of Heden, since it has been in focus for city planners and politicians for more than hundred years. For a sustainable design, it is important to take a step back and ask questions like: What kind of city do we want to have? Very often the commerce tend to get the leading role, where supply for the citizen only is limited to shopping, restaurants and cafes. Are there other aspects to add to create a vibrant and sustainable city? Heden is a good context for study because it accounts for other activities that gather people in crowds for the pleasure of an event - something that does not necessarily have to be eaten up by the commerce. On the other hand, the commerce can get benefits from other activities than shopping if there is an active hub for people. The challenge is to identify that unique need that complement the city's supply and gives Heden its singular attractiveness. It is important that this lacking supply is strengthening not only for Heden itself but for Gothenburg region as a whole. This lacking demand should also go hand in hand with a sustainable development, in order to provide a vibrant and active urban living. So the question is: What is the lacking demanded and sustainable supply that will put Heden on the map for the whole Gothenburg region? 1.2 Delineation The contextual field of study contains of three parts. The first part is an inventory of the site that the municipality created as a program document for further development on Heden. The second part is stakeholders, and their particular needs and even