REPORT OF THE ANDREW W. MELLON FOUNDATION 2014 The Andrew W. Mellon Foundation

Report from January 1, 2014 through December 31, 2014

140 East 62nd Street, New York, New York 10065 (212) 838-8400 http://www.mellon.org Trustees Chairmen Emeriti W. Taylor Reveley III, Chairman John C. Whitehead* Danielle S. Allen Hanna H. Gray Richard H. Brodhead Anne M. Tatlock Katherine G. Farley Kathryn A. Hall Earl Lewis Glenn D. Lowry Eric M. Mindich Sarah E. Thomas

Officers of the Corporation Earl Lewis, President John E. Hull, Financial Vice President and Chief Investment Officer Philip E. Lewis, Vice President Michele S. Warman, Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary Mariët Westermann, Vice President

Program Officers Saleem Badat, Program Director Alison Gilchrest, Program Officer Armando I. Bengochea, Program Officer Eugene M. Tobin, Senior Program Officer Helen Cullyer, Program Officer Donald J. Waters, Senior Program Officer Susan Feder, Program Officer

Administrative Staff Vanessa Cogan, Grant Information Systems Manager Oscar De La Cruz, Manager of Human Resources & Benefits Patricia J. Diaz, Associate General Counsel Rebecca Feit, Assistant General Counsel Makeba Morgan Hill, Deputy to the President and Chief Planner Susanne C. Pichler, Librarian

Finance and Investment Staff Abigail Archibald, Portfolio Manager Christy Cicatello, Director of Accounting Michele M. Dinn, Senior Portfolio Manager Karen Grieb Inal, Senior Portfolio Manager Thomas J. Sanders, Chief Financial Officer Ann Siddiqui, Director of Investment Accounting Monica C. Spencer, Senior Portfolio Manager

Senior Advisors Hilary Ballon Hans Rutimann

As of December 31, 2014 *deceased THE ANDREW W. M ELLON FOUNDATION , a not-for-profit corporation under the laws of the State of New York, resulted from the consolidation on June 30, 1969 of the Old Dominion Foundation into the Avalon Foundation with the name of the Avalon Foundation being changed to The Andrew W. Mellon Foundation. The Avalon Foundation had been founded in 1940 by Ailsa Mellon Bruce, Andrew W. Mellon’s daughter. The Old Dominion Foundation had been established in 1941 by Paul Mellon, Andrew W. Mellon’s son. The Foundation endeavors to strengthen, promote, and, where necessary, defend the contributions of the humanities and the arts to human flourishing and to the well-being of diverse and democratic societies. To this end, it supports exemplary institutions of higher education and culture as they renew and provide access to an invaluable heritage of ambitious, path-breaking work. The Foundation makes grants in five core program areas: higher education and scholarship in the humanities; arts and cultural heritage; scholarly communications; diversity; and international higher education and strategic projects. Collaborative planning by the Foundation and its grantee institutions generally precedes the giving of awards and is an integral part of grantmaking. Unsolicited proposals are rarely supported. Prospective applicants are therefore encouraged not to submit a full proposal at the outset but rather a letter of inquiry, setting forth the need, nature, and amount of any request, in accordance with instructions available on the Foundation’s website, at http://www.mellon.org. The Foundation does not make grants directly to individuals or to primarily local organizations. Within each of its core programs, the Foundation concentrates most of its grantmaking in a few areas. Institutions and programs receiving support are often leaders in fields of Foundation activity, but they may also be promising newcomers, or in a position to demonstrate new ways of overcoming obstacles so as to achieve program goals. The Foundation seeks to strengthen institutions’ core capacities rather than encourage ancillary activities, and it seeks to continue with programs long enough to achieve meaningful results. The Foundation makes its grantmaking and particular areas of emphasis within core programs known in a variety of ways. Annual Reports describe grantmaking activities and present complete lists of recent grants. The Foundation’s website describes the core programs in some depth, publishes past Annual Reports, and furnishes other information concerning the Foundation’s history, evolution, and current approach to grantmaking. 7

PRESIDENT’S REPORT

“When the Past is Never Gone”

n his novel Requiem for a Nun William Faulkner observed, I “The past is never dead. It is not even past.” That short, sweet phrase forces us to confront our own notions—or wishes—about how far we have left behind the earlier periods in our history. In a recent opinion piece in the New York Times (“Slavery’s Enduring Resonance,” March 15, 2015), writer and social observer Edward Ball tells us that the spasmodic racial eruptions that seem to grab and throttle us occur because the ghosts of slavery have not been exorcised. Ball, a descen - dant of one of the wealthiest slave-owning families in South Carolina, and author of the highly acclaimed Slaves in the Family , a story of his family and the black people they enslaved, argues that the polic - ing of black bodies, and the legislated use of extralegal actions, has its roots in an earlier America, where every black person was assumed to be some white person’s property and many whites presumed them - selves deputized to reconnect property and owner. Many would disagree with Ball, arguing that slavery’s luminance is faint, hinting that its evocation is somehow archaic and out of place. For many, slavery seems the ultimate example of a bygone era. More than once in my 30-year career as a university professor I had a student say, “Slavery, that was about then, and this is about now.” Or, “my ancestors came in the 20th century; they had nothing to do with slavery. Don’t blame me.” My lectures about human cargoes, crop rotations, reciprocal relations, economic benefit, cultural adap - tation, and nearly 250 years of forced labor seemed incongruous to some of those young people, who were growing up in a world in which everyone was encouraged to be like Mike—the late 20th century’s global icon, Michael Jordan. Our distance from slavery has ostensibly increased significantly in recent years, in spite of the four-year remembrance of the Civil War in many regions. This is the digital age and the age of the human genome, when information flows fluidly and quickly. A “generation” is 18 months, the time it takes to introduce a new tech - nological innovation. This alteration of time and knowledge forces us to ask: What is our continuing link to slavery? Is it simply under - stood as the grandparent of segregation—that is, slavery gave birth 8 to emancipation, emancipation gave way to segregation, with seg - regation finally producing desegregation? Perhaps more pointedly, is slavery no more than a museum piece, represented in static form through scholarship, at historical sites and in museums? Most important, how do we make sense of slavery’s lingering presence in our contemporary lives? Is Ball correct that slavery haunts this post-industrial age, because like any apparition out of time, it won’t willingly leave until it knows its time and place have come and gone? Or does it linger because we don’t want it gone, not really? We conjure it back into existence through our veneration of the Civil War, in our cultural productions and reproductions, in fam - ily names and histories, in monuments, memorials, and reenactments, and in the ways we mark difference. Is this why slavery’s ghost—and the specter of race and difference—never seem to leave us? One means of answering these and other questions is through the scholarship of the humanities and the arts, since we cannot exor - cise the past without confronting it fully. Take, for example, historian David Eltis’s digital project, Voyages: The Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade Database (http://www.slavevoyages.org), which documents the move - ment of millions of humans from the interior of the African continent to its western coasts, and then on to Brazil, the Caribbean, and North America. With a historian’s eye for detail, aided by the computer’s ability to store and sort vast amounts of information for almost imme - diate retrieval and analysis, Eltis helps us see the transatlantic slave trade for what it was: a global affair predicated on the exchange of humans, goods, and commodities for the enrichment of a complex network of actors over several centuries. Along the way African names, birthplaces, words, and kinship ties were pushed deeper and deeper into the creases of human memory. In their place, over the course of several centuries, ideologies surfaced to justify slavery, religion was invoked to maintain slavery, laws evolved to regulate slav - ery, practices matured to sustain slavery, opponents appeared who questioned slavery, individuals were born who fled slavery, and states did battle to perpetuate slavery. And in our own time, we, descendants of that earlier period, work hard to forget slavery, only to find ourselves stunned when the past refuses to stay gone. But let’s step back further. The forced migration of more than 25 million—when we combine the transatlantic trade and the trans- 9

Saharan system that sent another 13 million plus from Africa into the Middle East, Persia, and India—was not the first great migra - tion of peoples away from the African continent. The most pivotal move occurred more than 60,000 years ago, when our African ancestors began a journey that altered human history. The decod - ing of the human genome confirms what physical anthropologists have said for more than two generations: human life began on the African continent. At some fundamental level we are all African. Or, stated differently, all humans share 99.9 percent of the same genetic material. If that’s the case, much of human history has been about 0.1 percent! In fact geneticists find greater detectable human vari - ation on the African continent than there is in the rest of the world, when they examine the telltale markers found on our Y chromosomes and mitochondrial DNA. Yet the twists and turns documented by National Geographic and its partners in the Genographic Project reveal that our common ancestry is the beginning of the story rather than the end. Human movement across the globe went on for nearly 50,000 years, before the domestication of flora and fauna produced sedentary cultures (see map on next page). Along the way early Homo sapiens journeyed north and east into Asia, entered Russia and headed southward into Europe, interbred with Neanderthals, crossed frozen tundra to reach the Americas, and continued an existence of hunting and gath - ering. Over time, for protection and self-perpetuation, individuals aggregated into clan groupings, and communities started to form. Around 10,000 BCE the domestication of plants and animals gave rise to the first of several major civilizations in the Fertile Crescent, that half moon-like swath of land encompassing present day south - ern Iraq, Syria, Jordan, Lebanon, Israel, and northern Egypt. That settlement, which developed architecture, laws, writing, for - mal religion, agriculture, and urbanization, produced the prototypes of empires, governments, and a form of collective storytelling and mythmaking. Gone was any hint of a long-ago African origin. In its place were new origin stories, each replete with socially and cultur - ally appropriate iconography. You were Sumerian, Assyrian, or Babylonian. Each rise and fall of clan groups, city-states, empires, and ultimately nations produced new markers of inclusion and exclusion, new reasons for conquest and war, and greater certainty of difference. 10 11

The manufacture of difference aided and abetted the growth, development, and duration of the slave trade, and the Atlantic slave system. The need to understand important stories such as this inspires the work of The Andrew W. Mellon Foundation. Last fall we released a mission statement explaining our commitments: “The Foundation endeavors to strengthen, promote, and, where necessary, defend the contributions of the humanities and the arts to human flourishing and to the well-being of diverse and democratic societies. To this end, we support exemplary institutions of higher education and culture as they renew and provide access to an invaluable heritage of ambitious, path-breaking work.” In crafting our mission statement, the Board and staff reasoned that study of how humans have chronicled, recorded, analyzed, and transmitted our understanding of our collective history must remain at the center of our work. The themes of continuity and change frame the work plan for the next period in our history. For the Mellon Foundation this means remaining alert to the need to blend short- and long-term per - spectives. Much is written of the significance of social impact or strategic philanthropy, marked by relatively immediate, measurable returns on investment. Although there is virtue in such an approach, we temper our enthusiasm for short-term investment with philan - thropic investment, which requires a patient, steady partnership to achieve lasting advances. Last year, for example, we celebrated the 25th anniversary of the Mellon Mays Undergraduate Fellowship (MMUF) program. The program was conceived as a way of increas - ing the numbers of underrepresented minority students who would go on to earn doctorates and diversify the ranks of the professoriate in the United States and, later, in South Africa. The success of the program is related to its longevity. Had we abandoned the effort after five, ten, or even fifteen years, the cumulative effect of partnering with 40-plus colleges and universities at the undergraduate level would have seemed wanting, as we can see from Graph 1. Even six years after its creation in 1989, the program had just two doctoral completions; a decade in there were only 26 doctorates earned. Twenty years after its creation, MMUF boasted 344 doctorates earned, a massive increase but still hardly sufficient to “diversify the professoriate.” By 2014, however, the number of PhDs had increased to 571, with another 600-700 students in the pipeline. Perhaps most importantly, 12 the number of doctorates earned is expected to double within just seven or eight years. These numbers exclude those who entered the program as undergraduates but never went into PhD programs or went to professional school instead.

Graph 1 Actual and Projected Cumulative MMUF PhD Completions

Prepared by John Nugent (4/30/2015)

1,800 App rox. poin t at whic h fello ws fr om 1,600 the 5 instuons j oinin g in 2014 be gin compl eng 1,400 Ap prox. po int at which fellows from 1,200 the 8 in stuons join ing in 2007 begin co mpleng 1,000

800 ESTIMATED TOTAL COMP LETI ON S BY 2030 : 57 1 High esm ate: 1,69 5 53 0 600 491 Medium esmate: 1,632 43 6 38 7 Low esmate: 1,56 2 344 400 28 5 25 1 211 14 9 17 3 200 10 2 122 43 69 2 3 10 18 26 0 0 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 9 8 7 6 5 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 9 9 9 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 9 9 9 9 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1

As we turn the page on the next chapter of the Foundation’s his - tory, informed by experience, we know some changes require long-term investment. As a result we remain ever mindful of both the immense obligation that comes with thoughtful philanthropy and the limits of any one foundation to effect change without the able participation of willing partners. We decided to emphasize continuity because we value the importance of the humanities, the arts, and higher education. We will grow our staff size somewhat to better max - imize the work ahead, but we will also continue to rely on re-granting institutions, social and cultural nonprofits, and colleges and uni - versities to advance the work of strengthening, promoting, and on occasion defending the humanities, arts, and higher education. Even as we make this pledge, you will also see some changes. We have, for example, deemed it important to support a wider cross-section of the liberal arts sector than has been our practice heretofore. This requires that we come to know a far greater num - ber than the approximately 100 schools that have historically been 13 in our orbit of engagement. Evidence of this change can be seen in grants we have made beginning in the fall of 2014. Over the course of the next few years, we hope to work with an expanding number of liberal arts colleges in the United States, as a component of the work in the new program area Higher Education and Scholarship in the Humanities, or HESH. Our interpretation of continuity and change, which last year’s pres - ident’s essay adumbrated, is more fully captured on the Foundation’s new website, under the heading: Strategic Plan—Executive Summary. That plan called for us to end some programs, continue others, enhance a few, and where advisable launch completely new activities. In the pages that follow in this year’s annual report you will get a fla - vor for how we hope to accomplish these two objectives at the programmatic level. There is a grant, for example, to the Metropolitan Museum of Art that forms part of an ongoing initiative to develop a cadre of conservators trained to care for Chinese paintings on scrolls, albums, and wood panels. And one to Brown University and the Rhode Island School of Art and Design to facilitate the creation of a data - base, seminars, workshops, and other efforts to better use collections of Native American objects and images. There, too, is the grant to Playwrights’ Center, Inc., in Minneapolis, to give theater artists the time and resources to experiment, in a low-risk environment, all with the goal of improving the art created. Each of these examples points to continued or enhanced efforts to partner with colleagues in the arts, humanities, and higher education. At the same time, some of the grants highlighted in subse - quent pages signal our orientation toward change. Following a smaller officer’s grant to the American Historical Association (AHA), the Foundation awarded a larger multiyear grant to the AHA to work with individual history departments to examine the academic job market for historians, educate faculty and students about those trends, and explore non-academic career options for PhD seekers in history. An even more noteworthy departure from the past was a grant to Purdue University to address so-called “wicked problems” or “Grand Challenges.” The Foundation’s new strategic plan calls on scholars in the humanities and arts to add their perspectives and critical insights to the task of tackling such challenges as inequality, migration, urbanization, water scarcity, and human conflict. The 14

Purdue grant enables scholars in fields such as cultural anthropol - ogy, history, philosophy, and religion to partner with colleagues in the biological and physical sciences and engineering, as well as librarians. The net result would be scholarly papers with policy implications. While the Foundation has previously worked with the Detroit Institute of Arts (DIA), the Foundation’s role in the so-called “Grand Bargain” to secure Detroit’s path out of bankruptcy required a new approach. To protect the artist treasures acquired in the pub - lic’s interest over decades, we teamed with the DIA by providing a sizable grant, which helped it raise its contribution to the binding financial agreement. A final example is a grant to Case Western Reserve University to partner with Cuyahoga Community College. This is the first time that the Foundation has supported a collabo - ration between a research university and a two-year institution. But, given the changing demographics of the United States, the call for more Americans to enter college, and disputes over cost and com - petition, such a partnership may serve as a prototype for a new area of funding. One grant, however, stands out because it brings us back to the presence of the past. In June of last year we made a grant to Washington University in St. Louis to study St. Louis as a segregated city. A part of our “Architecture, Urbanism, and the Humanities” initiative, the grant proposed an interdisciplinary exploration of segregation in urban life that would focus deep scholarly attention through summer seminars, an oral history, and a range of publications. The grant came before the shooting of Michael Brown and the continuing cries about whose lives matter. There is no way to imagine the principal investigators on this grant ignoring events in Ferguson, Missouri, and the tremendous power of social media to tell a story ignored in the early hours by conventional news outlets. They may find themselves engaging the story shared by Attorney General Eric Holder about his own encounters with a law enforcement community that at times viewed him as a threat. Their work may invite questions about migra - tion, settlement, and community; they may ask questions about identity, security, and opportunity. For them, there will, however, be no escaping the need to probe how difference shapes life opportuni - ties, policies, and practices in the urban setting. When they do, these grantees will run head on into the ghosts of our shared racial history. 15

Let us hope the project leaders and their colleagues confront those ghosts. Let us hope the product is a new understanding that helps us free ourselves of the tragic consequences of the recurring focus on the 1/10th of 1 percent of human history.

Earl Lewis June 2015 * * * 16

Higher Education and Scholarship in the Humanities

In 2014, the Foundation began to consolidate its formerly separate programs for Liberal Arts Colleges (LAC) and Research Universities and Scholarship in the Humanities (RUSH) into a single program for Higher Education and Scholarship in the Humanities (HESH), led by Vice Presidents Philip E. Lewis and Mariët Westermann, and Senior Program Officer Eugene M. Tobin. Historically, most of the Foundation’s support of undergraduate education had taken the form of grants to liberal arts colleges, while the RUSH program focused almost exclusively on doctoral education and faculty research. The integration of the Foundation’s work with colleges, universities, and institutes of advanced study reflects a conviction that the liberal arts and graduate programs in the humanities are enhanced by a cohesive set of relationships between undergraduate and doctoral education, and that the best higher education stands in a foundational relationship to research, whether in colleges or universities. The joint program will facilitate the Foundation’s ongoing encouragement of collaborations among institutions of higher education for intellectual and pedagogic ends that may in the long run also bring financial relief. The HESH program will at the same time continue to support and defend the unique qualities of American research universities and liberal arts colleges, and the distinctive place of the humanities and arts within them. Although the RUSH and LAC programs maintained separate grantmaking activities for most of this transitional year, certain grants supported mutually beneficial partnerships between colleges and research universities, and some grants in the RUSH program provided support for the integration of undergraduate education into the research mission of universities. Moreover, an increased num - ber of grants supported programs that address challenges across the system of higher education, such as training larger cohorts of fac - ulty and students in the digital humanities, preparing doctoral students for broad undergraduate teaching, or engaging universities and colleges in the public humanities and partnerships with local institutions. The high potential of integrative work across the system of higher education is exemplified by a joint initiative of Case Western Reserve University and Cuyahoga Community College to strengthen existing relationships between their humanities faculties and to develop a pipeline of transfers of community college students 17 into humanities majors at Case. This initiative recognizes the invalu - able and growing role of the two-year college system as a provider of genuine educational opportunity.

Research Universities and Scholarship in the Humanities

Mr. Lewis and Ms. Westermann continued to lead the pro - gram in 2014. Ms. Westermann was responsible for grants to American universities and to institutes for advanced study, as well as for collaborations between RUSH and Mellon programs other than LAC, particularly in Diversity and in Art History, Conservation, and Museums. Mr. Lewis managed the Mellon-based competi - tions for Sawyer seminars and New Directions fellowships, grants to humanities centers, arrangements with large regranting organi - zations, and international partnerships. Inquiry in the humanities by individual scholars and collabora - tive teams, from graduate students to postdoctoral fellows and from early career faculty to their most senior colleagues, remains a core HESH commitment. The Foundation makes regular, large grants to the American Council of Learned Societies (ACLS) and the Social Science Research Council (SSRC) to enable them to administer Mellon-funded fellowship programs for graduate students, recent PhD recipients, and scholars in the humanities and related social sci - ences. In 2014, the ACLS received a $5 million grant for its longstanding dissertation completion fellowships and a final renewal grant for the Charles Ryskamp fellowship program for untenured fac - ulty. The Frederick Burkhardt residential fellowships for recently tenured faculty were also renewed, with the understanding that starting in 2015 the resources dedicated to the two programs for early career faculty will be amalgamated in a larger and reconceived Burkhardt program. The SSRC received renewed support for its International Dissertation Research Fellowship program, which has long aimed to support emerging scholars in research that advances knowledge about cultures and societies outside the US. In the wake of the retrenchment in 2011 of Title VI support for international edu - cation and research, the SSRC program has become even more critical to the nation’s capacity to generate such knowledge. Other renewed fellowships included the dissertation completion program administered by the Council for European Studies, which has had success mentoring recipients to timely completion; the fellowship pro - 18 gram for doctoral research with original sources, administered by the Council on Library and Information Resources; and doctoral fel - lowships in core humanities disciplines at New York University and at Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey—New Brunswick. RUSH renewed its annual investment in two ongoing programs for which groups of distinguished scholars meet at the Foundation to select the award recipients. The New Directions program provides funding to scholars who are six to ten years beyond completion of the doctorate and wish to prepare themselves for new research pro - jects by pursuing formal study in fields other than those in which they hold their degrees. A total of $2.77 million was awarded to the 12 scholars whose projects were selected, representing a wide range of liberal arts colleges, small and large universities, and public and pri - vate institutions. The Sawyer Seminar program named after former Mellon president John Sawyer, which enables interdisciplinary groups of faculty from within and outside universities to conduct yearlong inquiries into the comparative study of cultures, made awards of $175,000 each to ten institutions: Brown, Princeton, Rice, and Vanderbilt Universities, the Graduate School and University Center of the City University of New York, and the Universities of Toronto, California at Davis and at Riverside, Massachusetts at Amherst, and Wisconsin at Madison. RUSH continued its pattern of increasing support for inter - disciplinary centers, both within the humanities and between the humanities and the sciences and social sciences. An award to Columbia University supports its recent establishment of a Center for Science and Society, led by a historian of science and art, that will serve as a hub for research clusters of humanists, social scien - tists, and scientists who study problems that require multidisciplinary research and perspectives. The vital role of humanities centers in stag - ing research and conversations on critical issues and big questions outside and between departmental structures is exemplified by the Simpson Center at the University of Washington, which received a grant to reimagine PhD education in the humanities for the 21st cen - tury. The John Hope Franklin Institute for the Humanities at Duke University pursued a similarly innovative project on emerging humanities fields and questions. The Illinois Program for Research in the Humanities at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign took the lead in developing research clusters in the biological, envi - ronmental, and legal humanities. 19

Humanities centers have become nimble collaborators through the international Consortium of Humanities Centers and Institutes and in other formations. One of the most successful such collabo - rations is the Central New York Humanities Corridor, launched with Mellon funds in 2006, that links humanities centers and faculty at Cornell and Syracuse Universities, the University of Rochester, and the New York Six Liberal Arts Consortium representing Colgate and St. Lawrence Universities and Hamilton, Hobart and William Smith, Skidmore, and Union Colleges. In 2014, the three founding universities each received a challenge grant to endow core Corridor activities. Other grants in support of humanities centers went to the National Humanities Center, the Center for the Humanities at the University of Wisconsin at Madison, the Institute for the Arts and Humanities at Pennsylvania State University, The Oxford Research Centre in the Humanities, the Townsend Center for the Humanities at the University of California at Berkeley, and the Whitney Humanities Center at Yale University. Responding to lively interest on the part of institutions of higher education in expanding the resonance of the humanities in the world, RUSH expanded and diversified its support of the public humanities, understood as a wide range of activity through which humanities scholars make their work accessible to broad audiences, engage non-specialist members of the public in the conduct of their work, and engage in discourse about matters of public importance and the common good. RUSH staff made several unusual grants to allow for experimentation with programs that have the potential to generate broader understanding and support of the humanities. The National History Center in Washington, DC expanded its pro - vision of nonpartisan briefings to Congress on topics that require deep historical understanding. The Pulitzer Prize Board, housed at Columbia University, was awarded $1 million to support its upcom - ing centennial year programming, which will feature community events in literature, theater, and journalism around the country, staged in collaboration with state humanities councils and other orga - nizations. The Greater Washington Educational Telecommunications Association (WETA) received support to complete two public tele - vision series on African American and African history. In recent years, museums and other cultural organizations have begun to assert their potential for serving as venues where serious scholarship can be presented to the public and put forth for debate. In a new depar - 20 ture, RUSH funded programs that integrate research and public pro - gramming at several such organizations, including the Museum of the City of New York, the National September 11 Memorial & Museum, and the New-York Historical Society, which is establish - ing a Center for Women’s History. Other public humanities grants focused squarely on the public value of university research. The ACLS received $6.53 million to renew its Public Fellows program, launched in 2011, which places recent PhDs in the humanities in postdoctoral positions in non-aca - demic, not-for-profit or governmental organizations. The humanities centers at universities are actively involved in training graduate stu - dents to work in their communities, and their public programming has become increasingly vigorous. The Foundation supported such initiatives at the Center for the Humanities at the Graduate School of the City University of New York and, through the coordinating offices of the New York Council for the Humanities, at various humanities centers in other New York State institutions. All of these public humanities initiatives open perspectives for humanities PhDs into satisfying and meaningful careers outside the academy. Several professional organizations and universities have been closely focused on these potentials in recent years, given that the availability of tenure-track academic positions in the humanities has long lagged behind the number of PhDs delivered to the mar - ket each year. The American Historical Association received support for a series of pilot projects that will help graduate students prepare better for careers in their fields, whether within the academy or in a range of non-academic positions. The Modern Language Association is pursuing an initiative that will provide similar train - ing to PhD students within a broader initiative designed to renew doctoral curricula. A grant to the University of Michigan is enabling the Rackham Graduate School to expand its programs that enable doctoral students to experiment with humanities-based work out - side the academy. In our age of mass migration, global connectivity, and rapid demographic change, few challenges that only the humanities can address would seem more pressing than the capacity to under - stand, speak, and value a language other than one’s own. Recognizing that the issue has not captured the public or congressional imagi - nation, the American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages launched a campaign to promote non-native language learning by 21 students in the US. To alleviate pressure on less commonly learned languages, Columbia University launched the second phase of a col - laboration with Cornell and Yale Universities to deliver instruction across the campuses through online, interactive video technology and occasional in-person class meetings. RUSH grantmaking for the year included approximately ten grants that supported innovative academic programs and projects in particular universities and research institutes, including inter - disciplinary faculty hiring at Tufts University, visual culture curriculum at the University of Pittsburgh in partnership with local museums, and curriculum and research initiatives at the Universities of Chicago and California at Davis and at Los Angeles. Carnegie Mellon University and the University of California at Berkeley received awards to strengthen and broaden faculty and student participation in research and teaching in the digital humanities, and thereby joined a nascent Foundation initiative to bring the insights, questions, and capacities of digital humanities expertise into main - stream curricula and research programs. Under the Foundation’s initiative in Architecture, Urbanism, and the Humanities, Harvard University’s research center at Dumbarton Oaks received support for a program focused on urban landscape studies. Washington University in St. Louis also joined the Foundation’s initiative with a project to study urban segregation in the history of St. Louis and its new formations around the world. Just months after the grant was made, events in Ferguson, New York, and Cleveland provided tren - chant reminders of the devastating legacy of segregation and of the urgency of the historical, ethnographic, and public work that Washington University is pursuing.

Liberal Arts Colleges

The Liberal Arts Colleges sector of the HESH program, led by Mr. Lewis and Mr. Tobin, makes multiyear grants to liberal arts col - leges and regional consortia in support of undergraduate education in the arts, humanities, and humanities-centered social sciences. In 2014, LAC continued to support institutional renewal, undergradu - ate research, the integration of digital pedagogies into teaching and scholarship, faculty and curricular diversity, and general education. Reflecting the pressures associated with access, completion, cost, 22 diversity, and learning outcomes, HESH grantmaking encouraged col - laborations between liberal arts colleges and research universities. Colleges and universities have a vested interest in undertaking experiments that determine whether technology can help reverse the long-term trend to increase costs and/or improve learning out - comes. Though many colleges lack the economies of scale, critical mass of engaged scholars, and infrastructure to collect, curate, and store large data sets, these institutions have an interest in making teaching and scholarship more collaborative, interdisciplinary, and visible to the public. In 2014, the Foundation made a number of grants that expanded college faculty members’ familiarity with blended learning, digital research, and virtual classrooms. One of the major challenges facing residential liberal arts colleges is how to inte - grate technology into “place-based” learning. A grant to Barnard College enabled faculty to collaborate with curators, archivists, and collection specialists in demonstrating how digital technology com - plements the liberal arts model. Students and faculty at Lake Forest College, in collaboration with cultural and educational organizations in Chicago, are using digital tools to preserve the city’s cultural and architectural history. Lehigh University faculty and students received funds to use digital pedagogies to tell the story of Bethlehem, Pennsylvania’s postindustrial transition through a variety of docu - mentary and public history projects. The literary scholar Louis Menand once compared the design and adoption of a general education curriculum to a play by Samuel Beckett but acknowledged the comparison was inapt because Beckett’s plays are short. “General education” combines liberal education’s belief in knowledge for self-development with an ideal of learning that eschews specialization, promotes personal and moral growth, and introduces students to methods of inquiry. Today, many observers believe that general education has lost much of its intellectual energy and rationale. There is still a need for courses on large themes, fundamental questions, and important bodies of knowledge that prepare students to lead reflective, purposeful lives. A grant to the College of William and Mary enabled faculty to incorporate a system of “College Courses” that resist specialization and focus on the ways in which disciplines contribute to a broad lib - eral arts education. 23

The classic market-driven model assumes that colleges and uni - versities compete for students, faculty, gifts, grants, and visibility even when they agree to cooperate in other, less contentious zones. The Foundation starts with the assumption that change is most likely to occur through alliances that serve multiple interests. Collaboration requires strong presidential leadership and must be supported by fac - ulty and staff across organizations. In 2014, HESH helped support the formation of the Pennsylvania Consortium for the Liberal Arts, a cohort of 11 institutions that embraces cost savings in academic and administrative areas as a central component of its mission. Internationalizing the curriculum, offering less commonly taught languages, and dealing with under-enrolled courses are familiar chal - lenges for liberal arts colleges. A grant to the Five Colleges of Ohio, in collaboration with the Center for Languages, Literatures and Cultures at Ohio State University, enabled faculty to use online and traditional classroom instruction to stabilize course offerings, build faculty capacity, and model consortium-wide courses in less commonly taught languages. A grant to the Claremont University Consortium encouraged faculty from the five undergraduate colleges to continue their work in the digital humanities, with an emphasis on student-fac - ulty collaborative research. In an unusual partnership between a liberal arts college and a public research university, Grinnell College and the University of Iowa developed an ambitious series of cross-insti - tutional collaborations that incorporate the digital liberal arts into their respective curricula. These inquiry-driven initiatives enabled faculty, undergraduates, graduate students, technologists, and librarians to develop digital research and pedagogical innovation. The Foundation believes that the future viability of the liberal arts college sector requires a healthy ecosystem whose institutions col - lectively maintain a tangible commitment to liberal education. The shrinking demand for a liberal arts education has forced many regional institutions to expand vocational and pre-professional pro - grams. Toward the conclusion of 2014, HESH initiated a pilot program of modest grants to assist approximately 50 less-endowed liberal arts colleges in planning their intellectual and financial futures.

Arts and Cultural Heritage

In the fall of 2014, the Foundation’s program areas in Performing Arts and Art History, Conservation, and Museums joined forces 24 into a single program for Arts and Cultural Heritage led b y Ms. Westermann, Susan Feder, and Alison Gilchrest. The newly con - solidated program superficially resembles an earlier Foundation program in the arts, which ran from 1969 to 1996 and was then split into two programs, one serving the performing arts and the other the work of art museums and conservation initiatives. Although differences between performing arts organizations and museums were fairly sharp at the time, these distinctions no longer operate with the same force two decades later. Boundaries between institutional types, media, disciplines, and audiences have become fuzzier and more porous. Performing and visual arts organizations face similar challenges propelled by rapid demographic and technological change as well as a difficult fundraising landscape. The professional development pro - grams of National Arts Strategies, Inc., for example, which received a renewed grant in 2014, serve museum directors as well as performing arts executives. To assist organizations in converting their challenges into opportunities, the Arts and Cultural Heritage program will sup - port innovative scholarship and practice at the intersection of the performing and visual arts, but also continue to make grants specific to art museums and performing arts organizations. The consolidation of the Arts and Cultural Heritage program makes explicit two theses that motivate the Foundation’s grant - making in the arts. First, the arts constitute a fertile field of human inquiry, knowledge, and expression that is distinct from other forms of human thought and production, and that serves as a shared human resource for cultural renewal as well as historical under - standing. Second, a dense matrix of cultural organizations ensures that the arts can flourish and that great creative accomplishments remain available to future generations. These museums and per - forming arts organizations have cognate missions and challenges. In recognition of these realities, the Arts and Cultural Heritage program reaffirmed its commitment to nurturing exceptional creative accom - plishment, scholarship, and conservation practices, and to promoting a diverse and sustainable ecosystem for the arts. The joint Arts and Cultural Heritage program will pursue strategic goals that were more difficult to entertain when the Foundation’s arts programs were separate. The program will more frequently support work in the zone where performance, new media, installation art, and community participation meet, sometimes in new types of spaces that are neither traditional museums nor familiar per - 25 forming arts venues. Program staff will work actively with organi - zations that are rethinking what an “artist,” a “curator,” an “audience,” a “visitor,” or a “conservator” might be today, and how these actors can best work with their communities rather than putting work out for them. The program will continue to explore how academic and cultural institutions can collaborate and learn from each other’s practices. A set of initiatives will seek to mitigate a range of conditions that hamper artists in the pursuit of their work or pose serious risks to the preservation of art and cultural heritage. In 2014, the joint program began to make grants in several of these areas of strategic priority. To strengthen contemporary per - formance practice as well as scholarship of performance, grants were awarded to leading organizations in these areas, including the Massachusetts Museum of Contemporary Art, Performa, Inc., the Portland Institute for Contemporary Art, the Center for the Art of Performance at the University of California at Los Angeles, and the Whitney Museum of American Art. The program’s commitment to reinforcing the infrastructure for art and artists at risk entailed exploration of new initiatives. The Smithsonian Institution, which has developed deep expertise in securing and restoring art and cultural heritage after catastrophic environmental events, received a grant to advance planning for a per - manent Cultural Crisis Recovery Center. The Nonprofit Finance Fund was awarded a planning grant for a financial health initiative that would serve small to midsized performing arts organizations and conservation centers. The program also began to consider new ini - tiatives in support of the needs of individual artists. A grant to the Actors’ Fund of America supported expanded health insurance enrollment services for artists. The Institute of International Education received an exploratory grant to study the availability of safe haven programs for the many artists around the world who find themselves at risk of persecution or physical harm. Depending on the outcomes of these planning and pilot grants, the program may support longer-term initiatives in years to come. In 2014, the Detroit Institute of Arts (DIA) faced the most seri - ous threat to an arts organization in the United States. In the disputes that arose in the bankruptcy negotiations between the City of Detroit and its creditors, the DIA was almost forced to sell its most important treasures, which the city had acquired for it before the Second World War. The sale of these works would have irreparably 26 damaged the institution, and with it the idea of art as a public resource that is both timeless and of contemporary value to the vital - ity of cities. An innovative coalition of Michigan-based foundations and corporations, national philanthropies, private donors, and the State of Michigan put together a “Grand Bargain” that would mit - igate the losses of Detroit’s pensioners in return for the DIA’s permanent ownership of all of its assets. Under specific matching conditions, the Foundation committed $10 million to the arrange - ment, which demonstrated that with collective will, creativity, and leadership, public, private, and nonprofit funders can come together in support of the arts and vulnerable communities. The program’s recognition of art as a resource of public interest and significance also spurred a grant to the Greater Washington Educational Telecommunications Association (WETA) in support of the expan - sion of arts and culture programming on PBS NewsHour’s broadcast and website.

Art History, Conservation, and Museums

Grantmaking for Art History, Conservation, and Museums (AHCM) continued to be overseen by Ms. Westermann an d Ms. Gilchrest. To help shape and sustain art history and conserva - tion as dynamic and rigorous disciplines, AHCM grants support art museums, conservation centers, research institutes, graduate pro - grams, and related institutions, with an emphasis on strengthening training, collaboration, diversity, and knowledge networks. During this transitional year, grantmaking focused in equal measures on winding down long-standing commitments, sustaining or aug - menting successful programs, and launching new activity in alignment with the Foundation’s strategic directions. Through a body of grants made under the rubric of art con - servation, the Foundation reaffirmed its commitment to supporting the role of conservators in the preservation and study of the cultural record. Grantmaking focused on multiple dimensions of the pro - fessional pipeline, including training, postgraduate fellowships, midcareer positions, and professional development through national or international collaboration. Significant challenge grants were made to Buffalo State College, New York University, and the University of Delaware to help endow student stipends in their graduate programs in art conservation. The Fine Arts Museums of 27

San Francisco received support to augment staff and training capac - ity in the conservation of textiles, objects, and works on paper. As part of an initiative to strengthen the pipeline of conservators who specialize in the care and treatment of Chinese paintings, the Metropolitan Museum of Art received a challenge grant to estab - lish an endowed position. LYRASIS and the University of Delaware were awarded final grants for collaborative initiatives in photo - graphic preservation. A challenge grant to Yale University capped off an extended com - mitment of particular significance to the Foundation. In 1950, Paul Mellon established the Art Conservation Research Center (ACRC) at the Mellon Institute (now Carnegie Mellon University [CMU]) as the original scientific arm of the National Gallery of Art. Fo r 38 years, the Foundation has been the primary funder of this lab - oratory’s staff and research operations. Following ACRC’s move from CMU to Yale in 2012, the challenge grant is intended to help secure the future of the center’s field-leading research for the long term. A challenging digital paradox for museums is the contrast between the ease of gathering copious archival data in a collection management system and the difficulties of sharing that material with other institutions that can benefit from the research potential con - tained in these archives. Renewal grants to the Rembrandt Database at the Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie, ResearchSpace at the British Museum, and the ConservationSpace project, coordinated by the National Gallery of Art, will continue to support collaborative, online data resources for the aggregation, sharing, and study of cultural heritage data by art historians, con - servators, and scientists. AHCM continued to explore innovative models for document - ing and preserving contemporary art, and for enhancing the study and public understanding of it. The International Network for the Conservation of Contemporary Art – North America and the New Museum of Contemporary Art both received renewed support for pro - grams aimed at expanding the documentary basis for contemporary art. The Chinati Foundation received a grant for a master planning process that will develop an integrated approach to the preservation of the land, buildings, and art of its Marfa, Texas campus. Since 2012, the Foundation has been engaged in an initiative to support art history graduate programs that wish to strengthen the place of object-based study and curatorial practice in their curric - 28 ula, usually in collaboration with capacious museums. Such grants were made this year to Northwestern University, the Art Institute of Chicago, and the University of Chicago for a collaborative initiative in object-driven inquiry. A pair of renewal grants was made jointly to Emory University and the High Museum for their Atlanta-based collaboration. In October, the program convened representatives from all 25 participating institutions in an “all projects” meeting at the Cleveland Museum of Art to assess progress to date, exchange information and ideas, and strengthen the collaborative cohort. Duke University received a final round of support under the Foundation’s long-running College and University Art Museums ini - tiative, for programs designed to generate academic collaborations among curators, faculty, and students around museum collections and exhibitions, including the development of new curricula across the disciplines. The Gund Gallery at Kenyon College, Brandeis University, and the University of Michigan received grants under a similar rubric. Diversification of the curatorial pipeline remains of strong con - cern to the program. Following the launch of the nationwide Undergraduate Curatorial Fellowship program in 2013, grants to Spelman College and the Studio Museum in Harlem focused on local efforts to amplify existing resources in institutions that have lead - ership committed to institutional diversity and inclusion. The Smithsonian’s National Museum of the American Indian received a planning grant to explore a museum-based training program for scholars in Native American art, building on that museum’s exten - sive resources and networks. In 2014, AHCM grants also initiated exploration of the role of museums as engines for the public humanities. Exploratory grants to the American Folk Art Museum and the Victoria and Albert Museum supported planning processes for future initiatives. The award to Khan Academy for the expansion and diversification of art historical content is indicative of the Foundation’s growing interest in broadening access to high-quality scholarly information and teaching materials through innovative digital platforms.

Performing Arts

Under the leadership of Ms. Feder and with the assistance of Katharine Steger, grantmaking in the performing arts aimed to 29 foster a dynamic, diverse, and sustainable ecosystem for the prac - tice, study, and reception of the arts. Grants encouraged adaptive practices in a changing environment as well as diverse and inclusive strategies in all aspects of artistic and organizational activity. Working with leading producing and presenting organizations, institutions of higher education, and service organizations, the Foundation made grants that aimed to bolster the position of artists in all stages of development and presentation of new work, preserve significant repertoire, build knowledge about the sector, and strengthen exem - plary institutions that are advancing these efforts. Consistent with the Foundation’s new strategic plan, the pro - gram began to shift the classification of its performing arts awards away from the grant’s field or discipline and toward its purpose: Artists and New Work, Adaptive Organizational Practices, Public Value of the Arts, and Diversity and Inclusion. While grants pre - dominantly continued to support orchestras, opera companies, theaters, contemporary dance, and university presenting organiza - tions, many awards funded interdisciplinary work or broader organizational initiatives. As new work is fundamental to the ongoing revitalization of the arts, performing arts grants continued to emphasize the develop - mental aspects of creation, through support for institutions that place a high value on processes led by composers, choreographers, play - wrights, and ensembles creating devised work. Additionally, grants supported organizations that engage in collaborations and coalition building in order to improve the quality of new work and to create networks for its dissemination. In 2014, the Foundation continued its support for the National Theater Project, which aids in both cre - ation and touring and is administered by the New England Foundation for the Performing Arts; renewed its rehearsal space sub - sidy program benefitting choreographers and theater-makers working at 14 New York City-based organizations; and renewed a grant to Creative Capital for a regranting program for experimen - tal artists developing new work. Grants also provided production support to several organizations with commitments to producing either ambitious new work or distinctive presentations of unusual repertoire, including the Minnesota Opera, Signature Theatre, and the San Francisco Symphony. A renewed grant to the International Contemporary Ensemble, and grants to Music Forwar d 30

(The Knights), Alarm Will Sound, and A Far Cry, encouraged these large, artist-led ensembles, which have a strong focus on new music, in their efforts to model innovative practices for orchestras. Several grants provided continuity in other ways. Maintaining its select support for programs advancing international exchange, the Foundation renewed grants to Theatre Communications Group for its Global Connections initiative and to the MidAtlantic Arts Foundation for the US Artists International touring program. Final grants in support of ArtPlace America, a public-private partnership promoting the role of art and artists in communities, went to the Nonprofit Finance Fund as well as Rockefeller Philanthropy for ArtPlace America. Chamber Music America received a final grant for its Classical Commissioning Program. Consistent with recent expan - sion of support for the performing arts at colleges and universities, the Foundation made a final round of grants for the presentation of ambitious classical music events; future grantmaking in this area is expected to take a broader, multidisciplinary approach. For exemplary efforts to advance the public value of the arts through distinctive, socially relevant work, often in collaboration with local communities, grants were awarded to the New York Shakespeare Festival, Houston Grand Opera, and the Kennedy Center (for a new national festival to celebrate the range and potential of orchestral activity both in the concert hall and in the community). Bard College’s Longy School of Music received funds to help underwrite a study of the efficacy of US-based El Sistema-inspired programs sponsored by orchestras. Performing arts grants also continued to support the exploration and planning of initiatives that may help improve equity and inclu - sion in the development and presentation of new work, provide professional development opportunities, and promote community engagement and access. Awards were made to several leading orga - nizations that had not received Foundation funding in the past. Alternate ROOTS received a grant to provide professional and project development grants for southern artists and to further social justice in their communities. A grant to the National Association of Latino Arts and Culture supported the pilot round of the Advanced Intercultural Leadership Institute, which is being developed in col - laboration with partner organizations and will be tailored to midcareer arts professionals who have been underrepresented in pro - fessional development programs. The Latino Theater Company 31 received funds to create a fellowship program for aspiring directors at its Encuentro, a month-long festival of Latino theater. Additional grants supported diversity work in several organizations: Emerson College, which received planning funds to help the Latino Theater Commons develop Café Onda; the Orpheus Chamber Orchestra for Next Generation Orpheus, an initiative that will provide a more diverse cohort of musicians with opportunities to join the orches - tra; and the Detroit Symphony Orchestra, for community engagement and partnership activities, as well as for its African American Fellowship Program. A grant to the Sphinx Organization supported a study of the obstacles to racial and cultural diversity in the music profession. Finally, a new grant to the regional arts orga - nization South Arts, Inc., to support a dance touring initiative in the region, expanded the geographic range of the Foundation’s grant - making in the performing arts.

Scholarly Communications

In 2014, the Scholarly Communications (SC) program was led by Donald J. Waters and Helen Cullyer, who began implementing the Foundation’s new strategic plan. Under the plan, SC is maintaining three major areas of emphasis: scholarly publishin g, preservatio n, and access and library services. However, the development of the strate - gic plan marked an occasion for staff to refocus priorities within and across these three core areas. For example, the program dropped “information technology” from its name, not for lack of interest, but rather in recognition that technology is integral to, and not separate from, these areas of scholarly communications. SC seeks to assist libraries, presses, scholarly societies, univer - sities and colleges, and other not-for-profit institutions in developing the human and technological infrastructure necessary to advance scholarly communications in the digital age. To this end, SC made a number of grants in 2014 that provide support for core services and initiatives that span SC’s grantmaking areas. The Hypothes.is Project received funds to develop digital annotation services for primary source collections and scholarly publications. The International Image Interoperability Framework (IIIF), which was originally devel - oped to facilitate interoperability of medieval manuscript collections, is being applied to improve publishing as well as access to library col - lections. Yale University is incorporating IIIF in a platform for 32 collaborative editing of classical Chinese texts, while Johns Hopkins University is embedding it in a research environment for the study of annotated, early modern printed books. The Council on Library and Information Resources (CLIR) was awarded funds to support a new cohort of postdoctoral fellows in data curation. The cohort, which will be selected in 2015, will focus on preserving, publishing, and providing access to resources in visual studies. In addition, Vanderbilt University and the University of Pittsburgh each received grants to advance the work of the Committee on Coherence at Scale, the mission of which is to foster collaboration among a num - ber of national digital initiatives in preservation and access. SC supported two scholarly publication initiatives that seek to bring humanities research to bear on matters of urgent public con - cern: Pennsylvania State University’s effort to develop a Public Philosophy Journal , and Purdue University’s interdisciplinary project to generate research and publication, led by humanities scholars, on “Grand Challenge” questions. These two grants also represented one facet of SC’s multipronged strategy to advance the publication of high-quality scholarly works in the humanities. Following extensive discussions among program staff, scholars, librarians, press direc - tors, and senior academic administrators on the future of publishing in the humanities, the following four priorities emerged: (1) develop new business models to sustain publications issued under open licenses; (2) support new genres of scholarly publication as well as existing journal and monograph formats; (3) identify criteria for peer review for both traditional and non-traditional publications in dig - ital formats; and (4) establish new technical infrastructure within presses, libraries, and academic institutions for the publication and dissemination of digital scholarly works. To advance understanding of the economics of digital scholarly publishing, Ithaka Harbors, Inc. received funds to conduct a study of the costs of monograph publishing. Indiana University (in col - laboration with the University of Michigan) and Emory University were awarded funds to explore whether and how universities could support publication fees for faculty monographs so that those works could be made available on an open access basis. With Foundation support, the University of Lincoln is also exploring the feasibility of a funding model based on research library contributions for the Open Library of Humanities to publish individual articles and journal issues on an open access basis. 33

SC awarded funds so that Brown University, which does not have a press, could hire a digital editor and digital information designer to work with faculty on the development of digital monographs and other emerging genres of long-form publications. Brown will also review and revise its tenure and promotion criteria across human - ities departments to take account of digital scholarship and publications. In addition, three scholarly societies—the College Art Association, in collaboration with the Society of Architectural Historians, and the American Historical Associatio n—received funds to revise disciplinary guidelines for the review of digital pub - lications, especially in promotion and tenure processes. University presses at the Universities of California an d North Carolina and at Stanford and Yale Universities received grants to develop new services, workflows, and software tools for the editing, production, and marketing of digital long-form publications. The grant to Stanford University is supporting the editing and pro - duction of “interactive scholarly works,” an umbrella term that refers to publications that include or are linked to underlying data and primary sources with which readers can interact while reading. Because digital publication initiatives cannot be separated from deliberate action to preserve new additions to the scholarly record, works published during the Stanford grant term would be maintained in the library’s digital repository. In the areas of preservation and access, SC is giving high pri - ority to audio and audiovisual collections. New York University received a grant to collaborate with the Internet Archive to capture and preserve the websites of composers, including the audio and audiovisual files on those sites. In addition, Indiana and Northwestern Universities were awarded funds for further development of the Avalon software for libraries to store, manage, and provide online access to audiovisual collections. Finally, in support of efforts to improve access to library col - lections, the Foundation’s Trustees approved a new grantmaking competition to be administered by CLIR for the digitization of special collections. This competition will replace the Cataloging Hidden Collections program that CLIR has managed since 2008. SC also provided support to the Digital Public Library of America to support business planning. In addition, to advance the acquisi - tion and availability of non-English language collections in US research libraries, the University of Texas at Austin is using 34

Foundation funds for a pilot program in collaborative digitization and preservation of Latin American archival collections, while the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill has launched an initiative to forge collaborative relationships between librarians in the US and the Middle East.

Diversity

Armando I. Bengochea continued to lead the Diversity program in 2014. On June 25, 2014, at the High Museum in Atlanta, the Foundation celebrated the 25th anniversary of the Mellon Mays Undergraduate Fellowship (MMUF) program. This event followed the debut of a new MMUF website in February and acceptance by the Board of Trustees in March of a comprehensive review of the program. As of March 2015, more than 570 MMUF fellows had earned a PhD. Of those, 99 had received tenure as college and uni - versity faculty; 198 fellows were presently in tenure-track positions; and approximately 100 fellows were in other faculty roles, includ - ing those of visiting professor, lecturer, and postdoctoral fellow. Eleven fellows are now directing MMUF programs at their current institutions. A renewed and concerted focus on the goals of MMUF resulted in expansion of the program in 2014-2015, especially in fulfillment of a new strategic initiative to create more pathways to doctoral study for Latino students in the humanities and related disciplines. The Foundation has been tracking with great interest the growth of the Latino population in the US, and last year invited three new insti - tutions into MMUF whose participation offers the likely prospect of reaching more students from that demographic cohort as well as other students committed to the mission of the program. These new entrants to MMUF were the University of Texas at Austin, the University of California at Riverside, and the University o f New Mexico; the University of Puerto Rico at Río Piedras was also invited to submit an MMUF proposal for 2015. In addition to these institutions, the Claremont Consortium of Colleges was invited into MMUF in accordance with a consortial MMUF model that permits experimentation with new cooperative arrangements. The five cooperating Claremont institutions, led by Pomona College, will share selection, orientation, and training of ten fellows each year. 35

The Diversity program’s new Latino initiatives also included a dissertation completion grant to the Inter-University Program for Latino Research (IUPLR) at the University of Illinois at Chicago, which represents 25 university research centers and programs aimed at supporting Latino students. Additionally, in an effort to determine how the Foundation might support the creation of other “pipeline” efforts that complement the goals of MMUF and promote doctoral degree attainment by Latino students, a study was commissioned from the Center for Minority Serving Institutions at the University of Pennsylvania. The study explores productive ways in which major research universities seeking diverse pools of graduate applicants might initiate formal collaboration with comprehensive universities that are also Hispanic Serving Institutions. The Diversity program has made several grants in the past year to support the Foundation’s new strategic priority of communicat - ing the value of the arts and humanities to the public at large. The Democratizing Knowledge Project, a collaboration between Syracuse University and two other institutions, will use tools of the human - ities and related social sciences, such as public ethnography, to address concerns and challenges shared by the institutions and their surrounding communities; the newly opened National Center for Civil and Human Rights in Atlanta will enhance its efforts at com - munity outreach and education through the creation of the John Lewis Fellowship for advanced undergraduates and recent gradu - ates from American and European universities; and the Foundation will support the research required for the production of a future doc - umentary for the Public Broadcasting System (PBS) on the history of Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs). The Foundation supports faculty and curricular development and other initiatives to expand academic capacity for a select group of HBCU institutions. The Diversity program’s support for individual HBCUs included grants to Spelman College, for initiatives to improve student academic success; Fisk University, for development of a new teaching and student learning center; Morehouse College, for support of a new major and minor in cinema and emerging media studies; Clark Atlanta University, for a curricular development plan; Xavier University, for its teaching center and undergraduate research program; and Tougaloo College, for an exploration of the theme of modern slavery, its relationship to historical slavery, and the impli - cations of both for the college’s future curricular priorities. The 36

Foundation made a strategic decision to expand its support of HBCU institutions for 2015; invitations for proposals were extended to Hampton, Claflin, Tuskegee, and Morgan State Universities.

International Higher Education and Strategic Projects

The Foundation’s strategic plan gave birth to a new International Higher Education and Strategic Projects (IHESP) program, which has been led by Saleem Badat since August 2014. The Foundation understands that strong systems of higher education and cultural institutions are essential to building and sustaining viable polities and societies in emerging as well as more established regions of the globe. Its positive experience in South Africa over the past 27 years justifies targeted involvement in other countries or regions where the Foundation’s commitment to the humanities, the arts, and higher education could contribute to supporting fragile democracies and create favorable conditions for their participation in global net - works of research and culture. The program’s overarching purpose is to help institutions become durable and capable of contributing to social cohesion, and to assist them in constructing educational systems that serve the inter - ests of society at large. In order to bolster the capacities of academic and cultural institutions and of the people working within them, the program will provide professional and financial resources in support of teaching, learning, scholarship, and effective scholarly commu - nication, and will encourage its grantees to find ways to share the benefits of this work with the public at large. New areas and strengthened emphases will include programs that engage scholars in all academic disciplines in the joint study of core problems affecting their own societies; initiatives that mobilize humanistic scholars and artists to participate in interdisciplinary and international collaboration on “Grand Challenge” questions; pro - jects that share the benefits of teaching, learning, and research in the humanities and the arts with the public; and the coordination of inter - national grantmaking across program areas in order to heighten the salience of global contexts to all Foundation grantmaking. Given the fundamental imperatives of meeting basic needs such as clean air, water, energy, food, and health, providing for environmental sustainability, and creating equitable societies in the face of deepen - ing inequality, the Foundation’s ongoing support for the humanities 37 and arts in South Africa and other countries will encourage an inte - grative engagement with scholars in all academic discipline s—first and foremost with the social sciences, but in the spirit of liberal education extending to the natural sciences and technology as well. During 2014, 17 grants totaling $8.84 million were made to seven South African universities. Beyond the IHESP program, in the Foundation’s HESH, Scholarly Communications, and Arts and Cultural Heritage programs, eight grants totaling $2.39 million were made to international universities—the Universities of York, Victoria, Toronto, Oxford, and Lincoln, University College Dublin, National University of Ireland, and the American University in Cairo. Five grants totaling $3.13 million were made to international cultural insti - tutions: the Victoria and Albert Museum, the British Museum, the British Library, Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, and Stichting tot Exploitatie van het Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie. A grant of $17,100 was made to the Metropolitan Museum of Art to provide conservation support to the Museum of Islamic Art, Cairo, which suffered devastating damage in the January 2014 car bombing of the Cairo police headquarters across the street. 39

The Andrew W. Mellon Foundation

Summary of Grants and Contributions, 2014

Payable and 2014 Payable and Committed at ____G_r_a_n_t_s_ a_n_d_ _C_o_m__m_i_t_m_e_n_t_s ___ Committed at Dec. 31, 2013 Appropriated Paid Dec. 31, 2014 Higher Education and Scholarship in th e Humanities ...... $16,529,288 $109,893,850 $110,522,839 $15,900,299 Arts and Cultural Heritage . . 23,192,597 71,453,015 60,068,978 34,576,634 Scholarly Communications . . 4,067,815 33,433,500 33,204,315 4,297,000 Diversity ...... 500,000 15,898,222 15,898,222 500,000 International Higher Education and Strategic Projects . . . . — 8,836,700 8,511,700 325,000 Public Affairs ...... — 550,000 550,000 — Conservation and the Environment ...... _____4__,_7__9__2__,_5__0__0 ______—______1__,_8__9__3__,_0__0__1 _____2__,_8__9__9__,_4__9__9 Program grants and commitments - totals . . . . 49,082,200 240,065,287 230,649,055 58,498,432 Contributions and matching gifts ...... ______—______1__,_1__9__2__,_1__2__3 ______1__,_1__9__2__,_1__2__3 ______—__ _$__4__9__,_0__8__2__,_2__0__0 _$__2__4__1__,_2__5__7__,_4__1__0 _$__2__3__1__,_8__4__1__,_1__7__8 _$__5__8__,_4__9__8__,_4__3__2 41

The Andrew W. Mellon Foundation

Classification of Grants

HIGHER EDUCATION AND SCHOLARSHIP IN THE HUMANITIES Appropriated

Agnes Scott College, Decatur, Georgia: To support new faculty positions with specialization in the Middle East ...... $ 750,000

Albion College, Albion, Michigan: To support student-faculty collaboration and problem-based curricula in the humanities ...... 100,000

American Council of Learned Societies, New York, New York: To continue support for a program enabling non-academic organizations to appoint PhDs in the humanities to postdoctoral positions ...... 6,525,000 To support dissertation completion fellowships for graduate students in the humanities and social sciences ...... 5,000,000 To support a fellowship competition for scholars in the humanities ...... 2,800,000 To support a fellowship competition for scholars in the humanities ...... 1,230,000

American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages, Inc., Alexandria, Virginia: To support a campaign to promote the learning of foreign languages by students in US educational institutions ...... 500,000 42

HIGHER EDUCATION AND SCHOLARSHIP IN THE HUMANITIES (continued) Appropriated

American Historical Association, Washington, DC: To support a series of pilot projects to help graduate students in the field of history prepare for a range of non-academic as well as academic careers ...... 1,600,000

American University in Cairo, New York, New York: To support the planning of research seminars, inter-institutional partnerships, and public outreach . . 50,000

Amherst College, Amherst, Massachusetts: To support faculty bridge appointments in the arts, humanities, and humanistic social sciences ...... 875,000 To support a New Directions Fellowship ...... 262,500

Associated Colleges of the South, Inc., Atlanta, Georgia: To support diversity and inclusion-based initiatives . . 34,800

Association of American Colleges and Universities, Washington, DC: To support a study of capstone academic experiences . . 50,000

Austin College, Sherman, Texas: To support interdisciplinary collaborations in the digital humanities ...... 500,000

Bard College, Annandale-on-Hudson, New York: To support a digital humanities curricular initiative . . 800,000 43

HIGHER EDUCATION AND SCHOLARSHIP IN THE HUMANITIES (continued) Appropriated

Barnard College, New York, New York: To support the integration of technology into the curriculum through partnerships with local cultural and scientific institutions ...... 800,000

Bennington College, Bennington, Vermont: To support presidential leadership ...... 100,000

Birmingham-Southern College, Birmingham, Alabama: To support a faculty position in Arabic ...... 100,000

Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts: To support a New Directions Fellowship ...... 229,100

Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts: To support a New Directions Fellowship ...... 220,500

Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island: To support a Sawyer Seminar on the Comparative Study of Cultures entitled “Displacement and the Making of the Modern World: Histories, Ecologies, and Subjectivities” ...... 175,000

Bucknell University, Lewisburg, Pennsylvania: To support faculty renewal and diversity ...... 800,000

Carleton College, Northfield, Minnesota: To support a New Directions Fellowship ...... 241,700 44

HIGHER EDUCATION AND SCHOLARSHIP IN THE HUMANITIES (continued) Appropriated

Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania: To support an initiative that would train humanities PhD students in digital scholarship and pedagogic use of technology-enhanced learning tools ...... 2,000,000

Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio: To support collaborations with humanities faculty at Cuyahoga Community College, and an initiative that would facilitate transfer of community college students to the university’s four-year degree programs . . . . . 1,550,000

Claremont McKenna College, Claremont, California: To support presidential leadership ...... 100,000

Claremont University Consortium, Claremont, California: To support digital humanities initiatives ...... 1,500,000

Colgate University, Hamilton, New York: To support faculty experimentation with online pedagogies ...... 91,280

College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia: To support the implementation of a new liberal arts curriculum ...... 900,000 45

HIGHER EDUCATION AND SCHOLARSHIP IN THE HUMANITIES (continued) Appropriated

Columbia University, New York, New York: To continue support for a collaboration that uses online interactive video technology for delivering instruction in the less commonly taught languages . . 1,200,000 To support the Pulitzer Prize Board’s Centennial Campfires Initiative ...... 1,000,000 To endow scholarly initiatives in French studies . . . 500,000 To support the development of an interdisciplinary Center for Science and Society ...... 500,000

Concordia College, Moorhead, Minnesota: To support digital humanities initiatives ...... 100,000 To support the integration of language and cultural programs ...... 53,000

Cornell College, Mount Vernon, Iowa: To support faculty development in the digital liberal arts and the expansion of experiential learning . . . . 500,000

Cornell University, Ithaca, New York: To support in perpetuity the Central New York Humanities Corridor, a collaborative research initiative of Syracuse University, Cornell University, and the University of Rochester ...... 750,000

Council for European Studies, New York, New York: To support dissertation completion fellowships in European studies ...... 975,000 46

HIGHER EDUCATION AND SCHOLARSHIP IN THE HUMANITIES (continued) Appropriated

Council of Independent Colleges, Washington, DC: To support faculty development seminars in classical studies and American history ...... 756,000

Council on Library and Information Resources, Washington, DC: To support renewal of fellowships for research with original sources ...... 1,400,000

Denison University, Granville, Ohio: To support presidential leadership ...... 100,000

Dickinson College, Carlisle, Pennsylvania: To support presidential leadership ...... 100,000

Doane College, Crete, Nebraska: To support planning for an Asian studies program . . 50,000

Duke University, Durham, North Carolina: To support the Seminars in Historical, Global, and Emerging Humanities at the John Hope Franklin Institute for the Humanities ...... 1,300,000

Elizabethtown College, Elizabethtown, Pennsylvania: To support strengthening the liberal arts curriculu m . . 100,000

Emory & Henry College, Emory, Virginia: To support a project-based core curriculum ...... 100,000 47

HIGHER EDUCATION AND SCHOLARSHIP IN THE HUMANITIES (continued) Appropriated

The Five Colleges of Ohio, Gambier, Ohio: To support language pedagogy collaborations between liberal arts colleges and a research university ...... 2,000,000 To support the acquisition and implementation of a shared web-based procurement system ...... 100,000

Franklin & Marshall College, Lancaster, Pennsylvania: To support the establishment of a center on teaching and scholarship ...... 700,000

French American Cultural Exchange, New York, New York: To support the Partner University Fund program to establish partnerships in the humanities between universities in France and the US ...... 1,000,000

Georgetown University, Washington, DC: To support a New Directions Fellowship ...... 266,000

Graduate School and University Center, City University of New York, New York, New York: To support a research seminar on the public humanities at the Center for the Humanities ...... 380,000 To support a Sawyer Seminar on the Comparative Study of Cultures entitled “Cultures and Histories of Freedom: Ideology, Slavery, and Creolization, 1500-1900” ...... 175,000 48

HIGHER EDUCATION AND SCHOLARSHIP IN THE HUMANITIES (continued) Appropriated

Greater Washington Educational Telecommunications Association, Inc., Arlington, Virginia: To support the completion of two public television series on the last half-century of African American history and on the great civilizations of Africa from its ancient history to the late 19th century ...... 2,000,000

Grinnell College, Grinnell, Iowa: To support humanities-centered collaborations with a research university in the digital liberal arts . . . . . 1,600,000

Guilford College, Greensboro, North Carolina: To support a program for the digital arts and humanities ...... 100,000

Gustavus Adolphus College, St. Peter, Minnesota: To support the curricular integration of core liberal arts skills ...... 100,000

Hamilton College, Clinton, New York: To support development and production of online courses ...... 250,000

Hampden-Sydney College, Hampden-Sydney, Virginia: To support faculty training in the Western Culture program ...... 100,000

Hampshire College, Amherst, Massachusetts: To support institutional and faculty renewal ...... 300,000 To support planning for a learning commons . . . . . 65,000 49

HIGHER EDUCATION AND SCHOLARSHIP IN THE HUMANITIES (continued) Appropriated

Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts: To establish a new initiative in Urban Landscape Studies ...... 850,000

Harvey Mudd College, Claremont, California: To support a summer bridge program for first-year students from underrepresented and disadvantaged backgrounds ...... 375,000 To support development of interdisciplinary courses integrating the sciences with the arts and humanitie s . . 150,000

Haverford College, Haverford, Pennsylvania: To support the creation of a new Visual Studies Program ...... 800,000 To support presidential leadership ...... 100,000

Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Geneva, New York: To support a comprehensive review of the curriculu m . . . 50,000

Illinois College, Jacksonville, Illinois: To support a faculty training program in the digital humanities ...... 100,000

Intercollegiate Center for Classical Studies, Durham, North Carolina: To support the Professor-in-Charge position ...... 500,000

Juniata College, Huntingdon, Pennsylvania: To support an assessment of the general education curriculum ...... 100,000 50

HIGHER EDUCATION AND SCHOLARSHIP IN THE HUMANITIES (continued) Appropriated

Kalamazoo College, Kalamazoo, Michigan: To support diversity and inclusion initiatives ...... 616,000

Kenyon College, Gambier, Ohio: To support the establishment of a center for community engagement ...... 800,000 To support presidential leadership ...... 100,000

Knox College, Galesburg, Illinois: To support faculty development in teaching and scholarship ...... 400,000

Lafayette College, Easton, Pennsylvania: To support presidential leadership ...... 100,000

Lake Forest College, Lake Forest, Illinois: To support a digital humanities project to preserve and document the history and material culture of architectural sites in Chicago ...... 800,000

Lawrence University, Appleton, Wisconsin: To support faculty renewal ...... 750,000 To support presidential leadership ...... 100,000 To support institutional collaboration with Ripon College ...... 100,000

Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania: To support a community engagement initiative integrating digital media across the humanities curriculum ...... 800,000 51

HIGHER EDUCATION AND SCHOLARSHIP IN THE HUMANITIES (continued) Appropriated

Luther College, Decorah, Iowa: To support student-faculty collaborative research . . 100,000

Lycoming College, Williamsport, Pennsylvania: To support student-faculty collaborative research in the arts, humanities, and humanities-focused social sciences ...... 100,000

Macalester College, Saint Paul, Minnesota: To support faculty development through digital approaches to scholarship, pedagogy, and multimodal writing instruction ...... 800,000 To support strategic planning initiatives ...... 250,000

Marlboro College, Marlboro, Vermont: To support artistic residencies that introduce digital media into the arts curriculum ...... 50,000

McDaniel College, Westminster, Maryland: To support undergraduate research in the humanities ...... 100,000

Middlebury College, Middlebury, Vermont: To support the study and teaching of the digital liberal arts ...... 800,000

Mills College, Oakland, California: To support strengthening the humanities through language study ...... 100,000 52

HIGHER EDUCATION AND SCHOLARSHIP IN THE HUMANITIES (continued) Appropriated

Millsaps College, Jackson, Mississippi: To support the integration of writing and oral communication into the general education program . . 100,000

Modern Language Association of America, New York, New York: To support an initiative in language and literature graduate programs designed to renew the curriculum, strengthen pedagogical training, and prepare students for a range of non-academic as well as academic careers ...... 1,900,000

Monmouth College, Monmouth, Illinois: To support the first-year experience in the core liberal arts program ...... 100,000

Moravian College, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania: To support blended learning and the digital humanities ...... 100,000

Muhlenberg College, Allentown, Pennsylvania: To support international and interdisciplinary curricular renewal ...... 428,000

Museum of the City of New York, New York, New York: To support predoctoral and postdoctoral fellowships in public history ...... 800,000

National History Center, Inc., Washington, DC: To support a program that maintains and expands the center’s nonpartisan congressional briefings . . . 130,000 53

HIGHER EDUCATION AND SCHOLARSHIP IN THE HUMANITIES (continued) Appropriated

National Humanities Center, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina: To support a program of summer institutes for humanist scholars in the digital humanities ...... 425,000 To support a final set of transatlantic summer institutes for recent PhDs in the humanities and related social sciences affiliated with US and European institutions ...... 200,000

National September 11 Memorial & Museum at the World Trade Center Foundation, Inc., New York, New York: To support the museum’s engagement of humanities scholars in its mission and public programs ...... 750,000

New York Council for the Humanities, New York, New York: To support innovative work by humanities centers in research universities ...... 500,000

New York University, New York, New York: To strengthen support for graduate study in key humanities departments ...... 2,725,000

New-York Historical Society, New York, New York: To support the establishment of the Women’s History Center ...... 770,000

Oberlin College, Oberlin, Ohio: To support faculty bridge positions in the humanities and humanistic social sciences ...... 800,000

Oglethorpe University, Atlanta, Georgia: To support the core curriculum ...... 100,000 54

HIGHER EDUCATION AND SCHOLARSHIP IN THE HUMANITIES (continued) Appropriated

The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania: To support enhanced programming in the university’s Institute for the Arts and Humanities ...... 260,000

Pitzer College, Claremont, California: To support planning for a Center for Pedagogy and Education Technology ...... 55,000

Pomona College, Claremont, California: To support an interdisciplinary program on Africa . . 250,000

Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey: To support a New Directions Fellowship ...... 292,400 To support a Sawyer Seminar on the Comparative Study of Cultures entitled “Imperial Histories and Global Regimes” ...... 175,000

Queens College, Flushing, New York: To support a New Directions Fellowship ...... 154,000

Randolph College, Lynchburg, Virginia: To support the general education curriculum . . . . . 100,000

Reed College, Portland, Oregon: To support collaborative programs in dance and the creation of a dance major ...... 800,000 55

HIGHER EDUCATION AND SCHOLARSHIP IN THE HUMANITIES (continued) Appropriated

Rhodes College, Memphis, Tennessee: To support faculty and curricular initiatives at the Memphis Center for Teaching, Learning, and Scholarship ...... 600,000

Rice University, Houston, Texas: To support development of new curriculum and faculty and student engagement in the public humanities ...... 600,000 To support a Sawyer Seminar on the Comparative Study of Cultures entitled “Platforms of Knowledge in a Wide Web of Worlds: Production, Participation, and Politics” ...... 175,000

Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey: To support a third and final round of graduate fellowships in the university’s humanities programs . . 3,500,000

Scripps College, Claremont, California: To support an evaluation of a reduced teaching load on the academic program ...... 72,000

Skidmore College, Saratoga Springs, New York: To support an initiative to advance visual literacy and communication ...... 750,000 To support a new faculty center for teaching, learning, and leadership ...... 250,000

Smith College, Northampton, Massachusetts: To support presidential leadership ...... 100,000 56

HIGHER EDUCATION AND SCHOLARSHIP IN THE HUMANITIES (continued) Appropriated

Social Science Research Council, Brooklyn, New York: To support the International Dissertation Research Fellowship program for graduate students in the humanities and social sciences ...... 5,150,000

Southwestern University, Georgetown, Texas: To support initiatives of the National Institute for Technology in Liberal Education ...... 500,000 To support presidential leadership ...... 100,000

St. John’s College, Annapolis, Maryland: To support a project exploring the effects of digital technology on language ...... 800,000

St. Olaf College, Northfield, Minnesota: To support the establishment of the Institute for Freedom and Community ...... 150,000

Susquehanna University, Selinsgrove, Pennsylvania: To support development of interdisciplinary minors . . 100,000

Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York: To support in perpetuity the Central New York Humanities Corridor, a collaborative research initiative of Syracuse University, Cornell University, and the University of Rochester ...... 2,300,000

Trinity University, San Antonio, Texas: To support the implementation of a new general education curriculum ...... 800,000 57

HIGHER EDUCATION AND SCHOLARSHIP IN THE HUMANITIES (continued) Appropriated

Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts: To support the launch of a major initiative in interdisciplinary faculty hiring ...... 1,430,000

Union College, Schenectady, New York: To support an interdisciplinary program within the college’s Common Curriculum ...... 150,000

University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California: To support a program of digital humanities training and research for faculty, students, postdoctoral scholars, and curators ...... 2,000,000 To support innovative work by humanities centers in research universities ...... 950,000

University of California at Davis, Davis, California: To support four new interdisciplinary graduate research initiatives in the humanities ...... 1,725,000 To support a Sawyer Seminar on the Comparative Study of Cultures entitled “Surveillance Democracies?” ...... 175,000

University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California: To support renewal and expansion of a program to reform the undergraduate curriculum for Literatures in English ...... 600,000

University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California: To support a Sawyer Seminar on the Comparative Study of Cultures entitled “Alternative Futurisms” . . 175,000 58

HIGHER EDUCATION AND SCHOLARSHIP IN THE HUMANITIES (continued) Appropriated

University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois: To support renewal of the Residential Fellowships for Arts Practice & Scholarship at the Gray Center for Arts and Inquiry ...... 1,500,000

University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, Illinois: To support research clusters in the biological, environmental, and legal humanities ...... 2,050,000

University of Massachusetts at Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts: To support a New Directions Fellowship ...... 206,500 To support a Sawyer Seminar on the Comparative Study of Cultures entitled “The Medieval in the Modern: Rethinking Global Paradigms of Political Economy and Culture” ...... 175,000

University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan: To support experimental programs in the Rackham Graduate School to broaden career horizons for doctoral students in the humanities ...... 500,000

University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina: To support a New Directions Fellowship ...... 242,700

University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom: To support the Oxford Humanities Center ...... 566,370

University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania: To support and strengthen the university’s Visual Cultural “Constellation” effort for university-wide undergraduate and graduate curriculum reform in the humanities ...... 1,000,000 59

HIGHER EDUCATION AND SCHOLARSHIP IN THE HUMANITIES (continued) Appropriated

University of Puget Sound, Tacoma, Washington: To support interdisciplinary curricular initiatives . . . 600,000

University of Rochester, Rochester, New York: To support in perpetuity the Central New York Humanities Corridor, a collaborative research initiative of Syracuse University, Cornell University, and the University of Rochester ...... 500,000

University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California: To support a New Directions Fellowship ...... 222,500

University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas: To support a New Directions Fellowship ...... 204,300

University of the South, Sewanee, Tennessee: To support an interdisciplinary and collaborative curricular program for Southern Appalachian studie s . . 800,000

University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada: To support a Sawyer Seminar on the Comparative Study of Cultures entitled “Religious Materiality in the Indian Ocean World, 1300-1800” ...... 175,000

University of Washington, Seattle, Washington: To support the Reimagining the Humanities PhD program at the Simpson Center ...... 750,000 60

HIGHER EDUCATION AND SCHOLARSHIP IN THE HUMANITIES (continued) Appropriated

University of Wisconsin at Madison, Madison, Wisconsin: To endow a program of Interdisciplinary Workshops in the University’s Center for the Humanities . . . . . 400,000 To support a Sawyer Seminar on the Comparative Study of Cultures entitled “Bibliomigrancy: World Literature in the Public Sphere” ...... 175,000 To provide bridging support for the Interdisciplinary Workshop in the Humanities Center ...... 30,000

Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee: To support a Sawyer Seminar on the Comparative Study of Cultures entitled “When the Fringe Dwarfs the Center: Vernacular Islam Beyond the Arab World” ...... 175,000

Vassar College, Poughkeepsie, New York: To support an evaluation of capstone projects and writing instruction across the curriculum ...... 150,000

Wabash College, Crawfordsville, Indiana: To support presidential leadership ...... 100,000

Washington and Jefferson College, Washington, Pennsylvania: To support implementation of the Pennsylvania Consortium for the Liberal Arts ...... 800,000

Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri: To support an interdisciplinary initiative that would study urban segregation, with an emphasis on St. Louis ...... 650,000 To support a New Directions Fellowship ...... 229,200 61

HIGHER EDUCATION AND SCHOLARSHIP IN THE HUMANITIES (continued) Appropriated

Wellesley College, Wellesley, Massachusetts: To support innovation in teaching, learning, and research that integrates blended learning pedagogies ...... 800,000 To support faculty experimentation with online learning in the liberal arts ...... 55,000

Wesleyan University, Middletown, Connecticut: To endow the College of Film and the Moving Image ...... 2,000,000

Willamette University, Salem, Oregon: To support an interdisciplinary student-faculty research program in the arts, humanities, and human sciences ...... 700,000

Wofford College, Spartanburg, South Carolina: To support digital humanities initiatives ...... 100,000

Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut: To support the Whitney Humanities Center’s “Thinking Humanities in the 21st Century: A Program of Mid-Career Research Fellows” . . . _____5_7__5_,0_0_0_ Total—Higher Education and Scholarship in the Humanities $_1__0_9_,8_9__3_,8_5_0_ 62

ARTS AND CULTURAL HERITAGE Appropriated

The Actors’ Fund of America, New York, New York: To support expanded health insurance enrollment services and planning for the future of the Al Hirschfeld Free Health Clinic ...... $ 100,000

The Detroit Institute of Arts, Detroit, Michigan: To support the “Grand Bargain” that will enable the museum to hold its collections for the public in perpetuity ...... 10,000,000

Greater Washington Educational Telecommunications Association, Inc., Arlington, Virginia: To support the expansion and strengthening of arts and cultural programming on PBS NewsHour through the creation of a “Culture Desk” ...... 400,000

Institute of International Education, Inc., New York, New York: To support exploration of a new initiative in support of artists at risk of persecution and/or physical harm . . 79,291

Massachusetts Museum of Contemporary Art Foundation, Inc., North Adams, Massachusetts: To support development of interdisciplinary practice through the Confluence Artists Residencies ...... 500,000

National Arts Strategies, Inc., Alexandria, Virginia: To support professional development programs for the arts and cultural sector ...... 1,000,000 63

ARTS AND CULTURAL HERITAGE (continued) Appropriated

Nonprofit Finance Fund, New York, New York: To support planning for a multiyear financial health initiative serving small-to-midsized nonprofit arts and cultural heritage organizations ...... 485,000

Performa, Inc., New York, New York: To support postdoctoral fellowships in the history and production of performance art ...... 460,000

Portland Institute for Contemporary Art, Portland, Oregon: To support development of interdisciplinary practice through the Creative Exchange Lab ...... 500,000

Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC: To support planning for the Cultural Crisis Recovery Center ...... 250,000

Regents of the University of California, Oakland, California: To support development and presentation of interdisciplinary work at the Center for the Art of Performance, University of Californi a at Los Angeles . . 500,000

Whitney Museum of American Art, New York, New York: To endow a curator of performance and support the position while matching funds are being raised . . . . 1,500,000

Art History, Conservation, and Museums

American Folk Art Museum, New York, New York: To support strategic planning for the Folk Art Annex ...... 54,500 64

ARTS AND CULTURAL HERITAGE (continued) Appropriated

The Art Institute of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois: To support collaborative programs to strengthen object-centered training of doctoral students in art history ...... 623,026

Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts: To support strengthening student and faculty engagement with the collections of the Rose Art Museum ...... 100,000

The British Museum, London, United Kingdom: To support further development of a collaborative online research environment for art historians, curators, conservators, and scientists ...... 1,500,000

Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island: To support a collaborative initiative to strengthen student and faculty engagement with the collections at the Haffenreffer Museum and the RISD Museum of Art ...... 76,804

Buffalo State College Foundation, Inc., Buffalo, New York: To endow student stipends in the conservation graduate program ...... 1,514,000

The Chinati Foundation, Marfa, Texas: To support a master planning process for the foundation’s land, buildings, and art ...... 195,000 65

ARTS AND CULTURAL HERITAGE (continued) Appropriated

Corporation of the Fine Arts Museums, San Francisco, California: To support staff and training capacity in the conservation of textiles, objects, and works on paper . . 813,000

Duke University, Durham, North Carolina: To continue support for strengthening student and faculty engagement with the collections at the Nasher Museum of Art ...... 500,000

Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia: To continue support for a collaborative initiative to provide object-centered training based on the collections at the High Museum to graduate students in Emory’s art history department ...... 440,200

Graham Gund Gallery, Gambier, Ohio: To support an artist residency program ...... 100,000

Hamilton College, Clinton, New York: To support a qualitative study on how public schools utilize the collections at the Wellin Museum of Art . . 100,000

International Network for the Conservation of Contemporary Art – North America, New York, New York: To continue support for the Artist Interview Projec t . . 300,000

Khan Academy, Inc., Mountain View, California: To support an initiative to accelerate production of high-quality teaching materials for global art history made available through Khan Academy’s Smarthistory platform ...... 250,000 66

ARTS AND CULTURAL HERITAGE (continued) Appropriated

LYRASIS, Atlanta, Georgia: To continue support for the HBCU Photographic Preservation Project ...... 700,000

Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, New York: To support the conservation of Chinese paintings . . 1,450,000 To support travel to assess damage to the collections at the Museum of Islamic Art, Cairo ...... 17,000

National Gallery of Art, Washington, DC: To continue support for ConservationSpace, an open source web-based software application for managing conservation documentation ...... 1,680,000

New Museum of Contemporary Art, New York, New York: To support the museum’s role as a platform for research and debate on contemporary art ...... 500,000

New York University, New York, New York: To endow student stipends in the conservation graduate program ...... 1,540,000

Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois: To support collaborative programs to strengthen object-centered training of doctoral students in art history ...... 259,753 67

ARTS AND CULTURAL HERITAGE (continued) Appropriated

Rhode Island School of Design, Providence, Rhode Island: To support a collaborative initiative to strengthen student and faculty engagement with the collections at the RISD Museum of Art and the Haffenreffer Museum at Brown University ...... 423,196

Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC: To continue support for a series of object study workshops organized by the Freer and Sackler Galleries for PhD students specializing in Chinese art history ...... 540,000 To support planning for a museum training program for scholars in Native American art ...... 150,000

Spelman College, Atlanta, Georgia: To support a pilot undergraduate program in curatorial studies ...... 250,000

Stichting tot Exploitatie van het Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie, The Hague, The Netherlands: To continue support for the Rembrandt Database . . 1,000,000

The Studio Museum in Harlem, Inc., New York, New York: To continue support for curatorial research and a fellowship program ...... 1,000,000

Toledo Museum of Art, Toledo, Ohio: To endow a series of postdoctoral curatorial fellowships ...... 1,000,000 68

ARTS AND CULTURAL HERITAGE (continued) Appropriated

University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois: To support collaborative programs to strengthen object-centered training of doctoral students in art history ...... 416,625

University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware: To endow student stipends in the conservation graduate program ...... 1,275,000 To support the next phase of the Middle East Photograph Preservation Initiative ...... 440,000

University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan: To endow the position of Academic Coordinator and to support a collections assistant and two research fellows from the university’s history of art department ...... 1,000,000

Victoria and Albert Museum, London, United Kingdom: To support planning activities for a new research institute in object-based inquiry in art and material culture ...... 100,000

Robert W. Woodruff Arts Center, Inc., Atlanta, Georgia: To continue support for a collaborative initiative that provides object-centered training based on the collections at the High Museum to graduate students in Emory University ’s art history department ...... 328,520

Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut: To endow the position of director of the Art Conservation Research Center ...... 2,000,000 69

ARTS AND CULTURAL HERITAGE (continued) Appropriated

Performing Arts

Aaron Davis Hall, Inc., New York, New York: To support residency activities for the opera Makandal . . 75,000

Alarm Will Sound, Inc., New York, New York: To support artistic initiatives and organizational development ...... 175,000

Alliance of Resident Theatres New York, Inc., New York, New York: To support theater rehearsal space subsidies through the Creative Space Grant program ...... 476,600

Alternate ROOTS , Inc., Atlanta, Georgia: To support the Artistic Assistance and Partners in Action programs ...... 600,000

American Opera Projects, Inc., Brooklyn, New York: To support artistic initiatives and capacity building . . 200,000

American Symphony Orchestra League, New York, New York: To support the Knowledge Center and leadership development initiatives ...... 500,000

Ballet Hispanico of New York, Inc., New York, New York: To support subsidized rehearsal space for the professional nonprofit dance field ...... 120,000 70

ARTS AND CULTURAL HERITAGE (continued) Appropriated

Bard College, Annandale-on-Hudson, New York: To support an evaluation of the effects of orchestra- related El Sistema-inspired music education programs in the US ...... 100,000

Baryshnikov Arts Center, Inc., New York, New York: To support subsidized rehearsal space for the professional nonprofit dance field ...... 120,000

Brooklyn Arts Exchange, Inc., Brooklyn, New York: To support subsidized rehearsal space for the professional nonprofit dance field ...... 166,400

Carnegie Hall Society, Inc., New York, New York: To support the UBUNTU: Music and Arts of South Africa festival ...... 120,000

Center for Performance Research, Inc., Brooklyn, New York: To support subsidized rehearsal space for the professional nonprofit dance field ...... 160,000

Chamber Music America, Inc., New York, New York: To support a commissioning program for classical music ...... 750,000

Chez Bushwick, Inc., Brooklyn, New York: To support subsidized rehearsal space for the professional nonprofit dance field ...... 68,000 71

ARTS AND CULTURAL HERITAGE (continued) Appropriated

Creative Capital Foundation, New York, New York: To support the Multi-Arts Production Fund ...... 500,000

Dancewave, Inc., Brooklyn, New York: To support subsidized rehearsal space for the professional nonprofit dance field ...... 60,000

Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire: To support classical music presenting activities at the Hopkins Center for the Arts ...... 400,000

Detroit Symphony Orchestra Hall, Inc., Detroit, Michigan: To support artistic initiatives that encourage diversity and inclusion ...... 900,000

Discalced, Inc., Brooklyn, New York: To support subsidized rehearsal space for the professional nonprofit dance field ...... 170,000

Emerson College, Boston, Massachusetts: To support HowlRound: A Center for the Theater Commons, the Latina/o Theater Commons, and the Center for Performance and Civic Practice . . . . 1,300,000 To support developmental residencies at ArtsEmerson ...... 375,000 To support a producer position for the Latina/o Theatre Commons ...... 50,000

A Far Cry, Inc., Jamaica Plain, Massachusetts: To support artistic initiatives and organizational development ...... 175,000 72

ARTS AND CULTURAL HERITAGE (continued) Appropriated

Fourth Arts Block, Inc., New York, New York: To support subsidized rehearsal space for the professional nonprofit dance field ...... 136,000

Fractured Atlas Productions, Inc., New York, New York: To support the Artful.ly business and ticketing management software platform ...... 600,000

Gina Gibney Dance, Inc., New York, New York: To support the Dance in Process residency program . . 750,000

Houston Grand Opera Association, Inc., Houston, Texas: To support development and production of new American operas ...... 750,000

International Contemporary Ensemble Foundation, Inc., Brooklyn, New York: To support the OpenICE initiative ...... 450,000

John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts, Washington, DC: To support a festival of North American orchestras . . 900,000

Joyce Theater Foundation, Inc., New York, New York: To support subsidized rehearsal space for the professional nonprofit dance field ...... 90,000

Latino Theater Company, Los Angeles, California: To support an artistic director fellowship program at the theater’s Fall 2014 Encuentro ...... 82,500 73

ARTS AND CULTURAL HERITAGE (continued) Appropriated

Long Beach Opera, Long Beach, California: To support artistic initiatives and capacity building . . 300,000

The Louisiana Philharmonic Orchestra, New Orleans, Louisiana: To support a permanent revolving cash reserve fun d . . 400,000

Lower Manhattan Cultural Council, Inc., New York, New York: To support the Extended Life Dance Residency Program ...... 600,000

Magic Theatre, Inc., San Francisco, California: To support development of new work and a permanent revolving cash reserve fund ...... 450,000

Mid Atlantic Arts Foundation, Inc., Baltimore, Maryland: To support the US Artists International program . . 700,000

The Minnesota Opera, Minneapolis, Minnesota: To support development and production of new American operas ...... 750,000

Movement Research, Inc., New York, New York: To support subsidized rehearsal space for the professional nonprofit dance field ...... 120,000

Music Forward, Brooklyn, New York: To support artistic initiatives and organizational development ...... 225,000 74

ARTS AND CULTURAL HERITAGE (continued) Appropriated

National Association of Latino Arts & Culture, San Antonio, Texas: To support planning for and the pilot round of the Advanced Intercultural Leadership Institute ...... 75,000

National Performance Network, Inc., New Orleans, Louisiana: To support the Forth Fund program ...... 700,000

New England Foundation for the Arts, Inc., Boston, Massachusetts: To support the National Theater Project ...... 3,625,000 To support regional meetings of artists and presenters in conjunction with the 2015 and 2016 National Theater Project cohort meetings ...... 45,000

New York City Center, Inc., New York, New York: To support the Choreography Fellowship Program . . 225,000

New York Live Arts, Inc., New York, New York: To support subsidized rehearsal space for the professional nonprofit dance field ...... 142,600

New York Shakespeare Festival, New York, New York: To support the Public Works program and Mobile Shakespeare Unit ...... 1,900,000

Orpheus Chamber Orchestra, Inc., New York, New York: To support the Next Generation Orpheus initiative . . 400,000

The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania: To support classical music presenting activities at the Center for the Performing Arts ...... 400,000 75

ARTS AND CULTURAL HERITAGE (continued) Appropriated

People’s Light & Theatre Co., Malvern, Pennsylvania: To support the New Play Frontiers playwright residency initiative ...... 86,000

Pittsburgh Symphony, Inc., Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania: To support the Music for the Spirit initiative ...... 400,000

Playwrights’ Center, Inc., Minneapolis, Minnesota: To support developmental activities and collaborations with producing theaters ...... 500,000

Plymouth Philharmonic Orchestra, Inc., Plymouth, Massachusetts: To support the New Music for America commissioning consortium ...... 35,000

Rockefeller Philanthropy Advisors, Inc., New York, New York: To support ArtPlace America, a national regranting program to promote the role of arts and culture in US communities ...... 3,000,000

San Francisco Symphony, San Francisco, California: To support the SoundBox concert series ...... 600,000

Sandglass Center for Puppetry & Theater Research Ltd., Putney, Vermont: To support the Compassionate Borders Festival and Symposium ...... 15,000

Seventh Regiment Armory Conservancy, Inc., New York, New York: To support productions in the Wade Thompson Drill Hall and an artists-in-residence program . . . . 632,000 76

ARTS AND CULTURAL HERITAGE (continued) Appropriated

Signature Theatre Company, Inc., New York, New York: To support development and production of two new plays by Residency Five writers ...... 450,000

South Arts, Inc., Atlanta, Georgia: To support the Dance Touring Initiative ...... 450,000

Sphinx Organization, Inc., Detroit, Michigan: To support planning for a new career development program for musicians from underrepresented communities ...... 50,000

St. Ann’s Warehouse, Inc., Brooklyn, New York: To support artistic initiatives and a permanent revolving cash reserve fund ...... 800,000

Sundance Institute, Park City, Utah: To support the Sundance Institute Theatre Progra m . . 400,000

Theatre Communications Group, Inc., New York, New York: To support a professional development regranting program ...... 1,750,000 To support an international exchange regranting program ...... 350,000

TOPAZ ARTS, Inc., Woodside, New York: To support subsidized rehearsal space for the professional nonprofit dance field ...... 120,000 77

ARTS AND CULTURAL HERITAGE (continued) Appropriated

Triskelion Arts-Kick-StanDance, Inc., Brooklyn, New York: To support subsidized rehearsal space for the professional nonprofit dance field ...... 72,000

Regents of the University of California, Oakland, California: To support classical music presenting activities at the Robert & Margrit Mondavi Center for the Performing Arts at the University of Californi a at Davis . . . . . 400,000

University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas: To support classical music presenting activities at Texas Performing Arts ...... 400,000

The Virginia Arts Festival, Inc., Norfolk, Virginia: To support the John Duffy Composers Institute . . ______1__5___5__,_0___0__0_

Total—Arts and Cultural Heritage _$__7__1___,_4__5___3__,_0___1__5_ 78

SCHOLARLY COMMUNICATIONS Appropriated

American Council of Learned Societies, New York, New York: To support the Digital Innovation Fellowship program ...... $ 729,000

American Historical Association, Washington, DC: To support development of guidelines for the evaluation of digital scholarship in the field of history ...... 36,500

Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona: To continue support for a digital repository of US archaeological data and reports ...... 1,000,000

ARTstor, Inc., New York, New York: To support office relocation expenses ...... 760,000

Association for Asian Studies, Inc., Ann Arbor, Michigan: To support a grantmaking competition to strengthen research library collections of materials from China, Korea, and Japan ...... 288,000

Association of American University Presses, Inc., New York, New York: To support the professional development of university press staff ...... 39,000

Bay Area Video Coalition, Inc., San Francisco, California: To support the creation of online educational resources in the field of audiovisual preservation ...... 140,000

Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, Vatican City: To support planning for the implementation of interoperability protocols for digitized manuscripts . . 20,500 79

SCHOLARLY COMMUNICATIONS (continued) Appropriated

The Book Arts Press, Inc., Charlottesville, Virginia: To support a summer fellowship program in critical bibliography ...... 757,000

The British Library, London, United Kingdom: To support continuation and expansion of services for digital scholarship ...... 506,000

Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island: To support capacities at universities and presses for the development, publication, and preservation of born-digital interactive scholarly works ...... 1,300,000 To support planning activities of the new director of the John Carter Brown Library ...... 125,000

Center for Research Libraries, Chicago, Illinois: To support the redesign of standard licensing templates for electronic resources ...... 46,500

College Art Association of America, Inc., New York, New York: To support development of guidelines for the evaluation of digital scholarship in tenure and promotion in the fields of art and architectural history ...... 90,000

Columbia University, New York, New York: To support implementation of a sustainability plan for an online database of jazz discography ...... 174,000

Council of Independent Colleges, Washington, DC: To support the collaborative management and use of digital images ...... 2,200,000 80

SCHOLARLY COMMUNICATIONS (continued) Appropriated

Council on Library and Information Resources, Washington, DC: To support the final year of a national grantmaking competition for the cataloging of Hidden Collections of scholarly and cultural importance ...... 4,000,000 To support postdoctoral fellowships in data curation . . 916,000 To support the administration of a national grantmaking competition for the digitization of Hidden Collections of scholarly and cultural importance ...... 340,000 To support planning for the transition of the Hidden Collections program from an emphasis on cataloging to a focus on digitization ...... 50,000

Digital Public Library of America, Boston, Massachusetts: To support development and implementation of a business plan to broaden the base of support for the Digital Public Library of America ...... 594,000

The Dunhuang Foundation, Inc., New York, New York: To support further development of digital asset management capacities, staff training, and fundraising activities ...... 329,000

Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia: To support an investigation of the feasibility of institutional support for the production and dissemination of scholarly works by humanities faculty ...... 56,500

Furman University, Greenville, South Carolina: To support development of an experimental digital humanities course in historical botany ...... 50,000 81

SCHOLARLY COMMUNICATIONS (continued) Appropriated

Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts: To support the completion of the Dictionary of Caribbean and Afro-Latin American Biography . . . . 200,000 To support planning for the future of the Program for Latin American Libraries and Archives ...... 68,000

Historical Society of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: To support a survey and assessment of collections in small libraries, archives, and other collecting institutions in the State of Pennsylvania ...... 289,000

Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland To support initiatives to facilitate the use and interoperability of digitized collections ...... 488,000

Hypothes.is Project, San Francisco, California: To support development of annotation services for digital scholarly materials ...... 752,000

Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana: To support development of software to assist libraries in the preservation, management, and dissemination of audiovisual files in digital formats ...... 750,000 To support research on scholarly publishing ...... 181,000

Ithaka Harbors, Inc., New York, New York: To support a study of the costs of digital monograph production ...... 142,000 To support a study of the role of Amazon in acquisition patterns at US university libraries . . . . . 57,500 To support planning for a study of the costs of digital monograph production ...... 19,500 82

SCHOLARLY COMMUNICATIONS (continued) Appropriated

New York Public Library, New York, New York: To support partial costs of a conference on the theoretical and practical aspects of publishing in the digital age ...... 50,500

New York University, New York, New York: To support development of software and procedures to facilitate the archiving of the websites of contemporary composers ...... 480,000

North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina: To support further development of a shared database of bibliographical and administrative information needed for the purchase and management of electronic resources ...... 333,000

Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts: To support development of scholarly tools for the identification of interrelated texts in large unstructured corpora of digitized works ...... 500,000

Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois: To support development of a new version of encoding for early modern texts in digital formats ...... 51,500

The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania: To support innovations in the online publishing of journals in philosophy ...... 549,000 To support enhancements to Zotero that would help scholars archive their publications ...... 440,000 83

SCHOLARLY COMMUNICATIONS (continued) Appropriated

Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana: To support interdisciplinary research and publication on “Grand Challenges” ...... 539,000

Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, New York: To support a series of training workshops in how to conserve digitally printed materials ...... 300,000

Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC: To support planning by a consortium of art museums for the implementation of methods and systems for publishing linked open data ...... 50,000

Stanford University, Stanford, California: To support capacities at universities and presses for the development, publication, and preservation of born-digital interactive scholarly works ...... 1,200,000 To support planning for a new methodology for the assessment of research libraries ...... 50,000

Swarthmore College, Swarthmore, Pennsylvania: To support development of software for an open access database of information about writing programs and instruction at institutions of higher education in the US ...... 60,000

University College Dublin, National University of Ireland, Dublin, Ireland: To support the expansion of an online catalog of printed works in Spanish and Portuguese in the 16th and 17th centuries ...... 471,000 84

SCHOLARLY COMMUNICATIONS (continued) Appropriated

Regents of the University of California, Oakland, California: To support development of a web-based open source publishing platform ...... 746,000

University of California at Davis, Davis, California: To support research on the economic implications of open access journal publishing ...... 800,000

University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware: To support training in book and paper conservation . . 338,000

University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois: To support development of an online portal for historical collections related to Chicago ...... 194,000 To support assessment of the papers of the Reverend Jesse L. Jackson, Sr. and the Rainbow PUSH Coalition ...... 25,000

University of Lincoln, Lincoln, United Kingdom: To support planning of a platform and editorial framework for open access journal articles in the humanities ...... 90,000

University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan: To support development of software and workflows for the accession, processing, and preservation of electronic records ...... 355,000 85

SCHOLARLY COMMUNICATIONS (continued) Appropriated

University of Missouri at Columbia, Columbia, Missouri: To support the salvage of mold-damaged library collections and restoration of access to damaged content ...... 400,000

University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina: To support development of forensic software tools that facilitate the preservation, management, and use of digital archives ...... 750,000 To support planning for the large-scale digitization and preservation of audio and audiovisual collections, and development of access mechanisms for the resulting digital files ...... 188,000 To support planning for collaborations between research libraries in the US and Middle East ...... 150,000

University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill, North Carolina: To support development of a service bureau to provide a broad array of digital publishing services to university presses ...... 998,000

University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma: To support the first phase of development of a digital library of Latin texts and publication mechanisms for new critical editions ...... 572,000

University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom: To support the implementation of Shared Canvas, the International Image Interoperability Framework, and related tools to improve access to library collections . . 685,000 86

SCHOLARLY COMMUNICATIONS (continued) Appropriated

University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: To support software development for a digital library of manuscripts from northern Thailand ...... 50,000

University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania: To support research on the costs, operations, and effects of an emerging national digital infrastructure in higher education ...... 726,000

University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada: To support a meeting of scholars and technical experts on the interoperability of manuscript sources . . . . . 26,500

University of Victoria, Victoria, Canada: To support planning of a federation of digital projects and resources in Renaissance studies ...... 50,000

University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia: To support further development of a database and software tools to assist historical research on individuals and institutions ...... 345,000

University of York, York, United Kingdom: To support improved access to the Registers of the Archbishops of York at the university’s Borthwick Institute for Archives ...... 299,000

Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee: To support the development of a strategic plan and five-year operational roadmap for the Committee on Coherence at Scale ...... 149,000 87

SCHOLARLY COMMUNICATIONS (continued) Appropriated

Virginia Foundation for the Humanities and Public Policy, Charlottesville, Virginia: To support completion of a comprehensive prosopography of individuals and organizations from the founding period of the US ...... 609,000

Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri: To support an initiative of the new university librarian ...... 50,000

West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia: To support development of a multimedia journal editing platform ...... 1,000,000

Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut: To support development of a platform and services for the publication of digital monographs in art history ...... 840,000 To support the creation of an online platform for collaborative transcription, annotation, and translation of premodern Chinese sources ...... ______4__3___0__,_0___0__0_

Total—Scholarly Communications _$__3__3___,_4__3___3__,_5___0__0_ 88

DIVERSITY Appropriated

American Council of Learned Societies, New York, New York: To support planning for the administration of the Mellon Mays Undergraduate Fellowship program . . $ 165,000

American Philosophical Association, Inc., Newark, Delaware: To support undergraduate summer institutes to address diversity in the field of philosophy ...... 600,000

Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island: To renew support for undergraduate summer research in the humanities and social sciences . . . . . 500,000 To support the one-year renewal of a Mellon Mays Undergraduate Fellowship program ...... 188,500

Clark Atlanta University, Atlanta, Georgia: To support comprehensive planning and development ...... 100,000

Columbia University, New York, New York: To support the one-year renewal of a Mellon Mays Undergraduate Fellowship program ...... 230,900

Community MusicWorks, Providence, Rhode Island: To support programming that promotes the role of music in building diverse and equitable communitie s . . 150,000

Duke University, Durham, North Carolina: To create a professional socialization program to increase promotion and tenure rates for underrepresented and other early-career faculty . . . 623,000 89

DIVERSITY (continued) Appropriated

Firelight Media, Inc., New York, New York: To support the production of Tell Them We Are Rising , a historical documentary series on Historically Black Colleges and Universities ...... 400,000

Fisk University, Nashville, Tennessee: To support the development of the Center for Teaching and Learning ...... 500,000

Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts: To continue support for the production of the Mellon Mays Undergraduate Fellowship program undergraduate journal ...... 60,000

Morehouse College, Atlanta, Georgia: To renew support for the Cinema, Television, and Emerging Media Studies program ...... 386,000

National Center for Civil and Human Rights Foundation, Inc., Atlanta, Georgia: To support the creation of the John Lewis Fellowship ...... 600,000

Pomona College, Claremont, California: To support the establishment of a Mellon May s Undergraduate Fellowship program at four campuses ...... 1,000,000 90

DIVERSITY (continued) Appropriated

Social Science Research Council, Brooklyn, New York: To support administration of both the Social Science Research Council Predoctoral Grants and the Graduate Initiatives Grants Program for Mellon Mays graduate students ...... 4,214,822

Spelman College, Atlanta, Georgia: To support curricular development ...... 357,000

Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York: To support three Democratizing Knowledge faculty collaborative summer institutes ...... 500,000

Tougaloo College, Tougaloo, Mississippi: To support faculty development activities in the use of digital technologies and digital humanities methodologies ...... 500,000 To support planning for the development of an Institute for the Study of Modern Slavery ...... 65,000

University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California: To support the establishment of a Mellon Mays Undergraduate Fellowship program ...... 500,000 To support a seminar series in intercultural studies exploring the importance of campus diversity to teaching and research ...... 208,000 91

DIVERSITY (continued) Appropriated

University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois: To support a summer research program for fellows in the Mellon Mays Undergraduate Fellowship program ...... 800,000

The Board of Trustees of the University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois: To support dissertation completion fellowships in Latino studies centers at four universities ...... 800,000

University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico: To support the establishment of a Mellon Mays Undergraduate Fellowship program ...... 420,000

University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: To support research and publication of “Diverse Students, Diverse Experiences: Minority Student Achievement at America’s Selective Colleges and Universities” ...... 400,000

University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas: To support the establishment of a Mellon Mays Undergraduate Fellowship program ...... 500,000

Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri: To support the one-year renewal of a Mellon Mays Undergraduate Fellowship program ...... 125,000

Wesleyan University, Middletown, Connecticut: To support the one-year renewal of a Mellon Mays Undergraduate Fellowship program ...... 45,000 92

DIVERSITY (continued) Appropriated

Williams College, Williamstown, Massachusetts: To support the one-year renewal of a Mellon Mays Undergraduate Fellowship program ...... 60,000

Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans, Louisiana: To support the Center for the Advancement of Teaching ...... 500,000 To support the Center for Undergraduate Research . .______4__0___0__,_0___0__0_

Total—Diversity _$__1__5___,_8__9___8__,_2___2__2_ 93

INTERNATIONAL HIGHER EDUCATION AND STRATEGIC PROJECTS Appropriated

Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa: To support further development of research and graduate education focus areas in the humanities . . $ 700,000 To support the establishment of a Postgraduate Studies Centre ...... 130,000

Stellenbosch University, Matieland, South Africa: To support the expansion of the Early Research Career Development Program ...... 600,000 To support the conceptualization and planning of a research program entitled “Indexing the Human” . . 46,700

University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa: To support the Institute for Humanities in Africa . . 1,286,000 To support expansion and development of th e activities of the Centre for Social Science Research . 500,000 To support the Opera School Fellowship Program . 325,000 To support the Other Histories project of the Center for Curating the Archive ...... 307,000 To support the Fine Music Radio lecture series . . . . 16,000

University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa: To support a second and final phase of the Human Economy Project ...... 937,000

University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa: To support a research and graduate training program on trauma, memory, and representations of the past ...... 844,000 94

INTERNATIONAL HIGHER EDUCATION AND STRATEGIC PROJECTS (continued) Appropriated

University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa: To support graduate student mentorship ...... 1,000,000 To support a research and graduate training project on food contestation ...... 652,000 To support research masters and PhD students and postdoctoral fellows ...... 234,000

University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa: To support a research project in the field of medical humanities ...... 880,000 To support a research and postgraduate development project entitled “Governing Morality: Gender Sexuality and Migration in South Africa” at the African Center for Migration and Society ...... 229,000 To support discretionary initiatives of the new vice-chancellor ...... ______1___5__0__,__0__0__0_ Total—International Higher Education and Strategic Projects $___8__,_8___3__6__,__7__0__0_ 95

PUBLIC AFFAIRS Appropriated

Classroom, Inc., New York, New York: To support expansion and dissemination of game-based learning and teacher development programs to improve outcomes for disadvantaged middle- and high-school students ...... $ 500,000

Independent Sector, Washington, DC: To support publication of an updated Principles for Good Governance and Ethical Practice . . . . . 10,000

Philanthropy New York, New York, New York: To support a membership program ...... ______4__0__,__0__0__0_

Total—Public Affairs _$______5___5__0__,__0__0__0_ 96

CONTRIBUTIONS Appropriated

Doe Fund, Inc., New York, New York: To provide general support ...... $ 100,000

Foundation Center, New York, New York: To provide general support ...... 75,000

GrowNYC, New York, New York: To provide general support ...... 30,000

GuideStar USA, Inc., Williamsburg, Virginia: To support a membership program ...... 25,000

Nonprofit Coordinating Committee of New York, Inc., New York, New York: To provide general operating support ...... ______7__5__,__0__0__0_

Total—Contributions $ 305,000

Matching Gifts _$______8__8__7___,_1___2__3_

Grand Totals _$__ _2__4___1__,__2__5__7___,_4___1__0_ Financial Statements 98

INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT

To the Board of Trustees of The Andrew W. Mellon Foundation We have audited the accompanying financial statements of the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation (the “Foundation”), which comprise the balance sheets as of December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, and the related statements of activities and cash flows for the years then ended.

Management’s Responsibility for the Financial Statements Management is responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of the financial state - ments in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America; this includes the design, implementation, and maintenance of internal con - trol relevant to the preparation and fair presentation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.

Auditor’s Responsibility Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the financial statements based on our audits. We conducted our audits in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States of America. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free from mate - rial misstatement. An audit involves performing procedures to obtain audit evidence about the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. The procedures selected depend on our judg - ment, including the assessment of the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to fraud or error. In making those risk assessments, we consider internal control relevant to the Foundation’s preparation and fair presentation of the finan - cial statements in order to design audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Foundation’s internal control. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit also includes evaluating the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of significant accounting estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our audit opinion.

Opinion In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation at December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, and the changes in its net assets and its cash flows for the years then ended in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP New York, NY May 27, 2015 99

The Andrew W. Mellon Foundation

Balance Sheets December 31, 2014 and 2013

_2_0_1_4 _ _2_0_1_3 _ (in thousands of dollars) ASSETS Investments Marketable securities ...... $ 2,136,246 $ 1,972,334 Alternative investments ...... __4_,_2_4_3_,_1_4_4_ __4_,_1_7_0_,_4_1_5_ 6,379,390 6,142,749 Receivable (payable) from unsettled securities transactions, net ...... ______(_1_3_2_ ) ______2_,_2_3_6_ 6,379,258 6,144,985 Cash ...... 3,034 221 Investment receivable ...... 975 1,025 Other assets ...... 2,892 3,131 Taxes receivable ...... 6,591 1,722 Property, at cost, less accumulated depreciation of $30,143 and $27,773 at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively ...... _____3_4_,_7_7_5______3_7_,_1_4_5_ Total assets ...... $__6_,_4_2_7_,_5_2_5_ $__6_,_1_8_8_,_2_2_9_ LIABILITIES AND NET ASSETS Liabilities Grants payable ...... $ 47,584 $ 39,785 Accrued expenses, including interest payable . . . 4,674 8,982 Deferred federal excise tax ...... 24,100 22,700 Debt ...... ____2_9_4_,_3_5_0_ ____2_7_4_,_3_5_0_ Total liabilities ...... 370,708 345,817 Net assets (unrestricted) ...... __6_,_0_5_6_,_8_1_7_ __5_,_8_4_2_,_4_1_2_ Total liabilities and net assets ...... $__6_,_4_2_7_,_5_2_5_ $__6_,_1_8_8_,_2_2_9_

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements. 100

The Andrew W. Mellon Foundation

Statements of Activities Years Ended December 31, 2014 and 2013

_2_0_1_4 _ _2_0_1_3 _ (in thousands of dollars) INVESTMENT RETURN Gain on investments Realized, net ...... $ 414,882 $ 547,660 Unrealized, net ...... 68,337 389,187 Interest ...... 9,146 9,742 Dividends ...... _____1_4_,_0_3_2______1_1_,_4_5_6_ 506,397 958,045 Less: Investment management expenses ...... ____(_1_2_,_0_7_5_ ) ____(_1_2_,_6_8_4_ ) Net investment return ...... ____4_9_4_,_3_2_2_ ____9_4_5_,_3_6_1_ EXPENSES Program grants and contributions, net ...... 238,396 233,258 Grantmaking operations ...... 15,540 15,058 Direct charitable activities ...... 1,769 1,869 Investment operations ...... 8,271 7,092 Interest ...... 6,275 9,707 Current provision for taxes ...... 9,249 13,772 Other expenses ...... ______4_1_7______4_5_3_ ____2_7_9_,_9_1_7_ ____2_8_1_,_2_0_9_ Change in net assets ...... 214,405 664,152 NET ASSETS (UNRESTRICTED) Beginning of year ...... __5_,_8_4_2_,_4_1_2_ __5_,_1_7_8_,_2_6_0_ End of year ...... _$_6_,_0_5_6_,_8_1_7_ _$_5_,_8_4_2_,_4_1_2_

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements. 101

The Andrew W. Mellon Foundation Statements of Cash Flows Years Ended December 31, 2014 and 2013

_2_0_1_4 _ _2_0_1_3 _ (in thousands of dollars) Cash flow from investment income and operations Change in net assets ...... _ $____2_1_4_,_4_0_5 _ $_____6_6_4__,1_5_2_ Adjustments to reconcile change in unrestricted net assets to net cash used by investment income and operations Realized gain on investments, net ...... (414,882) (547,660) Unrealized gain on investments, net ...... (69,737) (397,187) Decrease in investment receivable ...... 50 1,616 Decrease in other assets ...... 239 185 (Increase) decrease in taxes receivable ...... (4,869) 4,782 Increase in grants payable ...... 7,799 239 Decrease in accrued expenses ...... (4,308) (315) Depreciation and amortization expense ...... 2,370 2,420 Increase in deferred federal excise tax payable . . 1,400 8,000 Net effect of bond amortization ...... ______(_5_6_2_ ) ______8_1_5_ Total adjustments ...... ____(_4_8_2_,_5_0_0_ ) ____(_9_2_7__,1_0_5_ ) Net cash used by investment income and operations ____(_2_6_8_,_0_9_5_ ) ____(_2_6_2__,9_5_3_ ) Cash flow from investing activities Proceeds from sales of marketable securities Short-term ...... 1,918,137 1,559,970 Other ...... 3,218,714 2,111,647 Receipts from alternative investments ...... 840,549 699,485 Purchases of marketable securities Short-term ...... (1,882,915) (1,924,612) Other ...... (3,327,891) (1,844,063) Purchases of alternative investments ...... ____(_5_1_5_,_6_8_6_ ) ____(_2_9_9__,4_4_5_ ) Net cash provided by investing activities ...... _____2_5_0_,_9_0_8 ______3_0_2__,9_8_2_ Cash flow from financing activities Borrowings under nonrevolving credit facilities . . . 230,000 — Borrowings under revolving credit facility ...... 40,000 110,000 Redemption of 3.95% fixed rate bond ...... (230,000) — Repayment of borrowings under nonrevolving credit facilities ...... (20,000) — Repayment of borrowings under revolving credit facility ...... ______—______(_1_5_0__,0_0_0_ ) Net cash provided (used) by financing activities . . ______2_0_,_0_0_0 ______(_4_0__,0_0_0_ ) Net increase in cash ...... 2,813 29 Cash Beginning of year ...... ______2_2_1 ______1_9_2_ End of year ...... _ $______3_,_0_3_4 _ $______2_2_1_ Supplemental disclosure of noncash investing activities Distributions of securities received from alternative investments ...... _ $_____5_8_,_8_6_7 _ $______3_9__,7_9_8_ The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements. 102

The Andrew W. Mellon Foundation

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS December 31, 2014 and 2013

1. ORGANIZATION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES The Andrew W. Mellon Foundation (the “Foundation”) is a not-for-profit corporation under the laws of the State of New York. The Foundation makes grants in five core program areas: higher education and scholarship in the humanities; arts and cultural heritage; scholarly communications; diversity ; and international higher education and strategic projects. In 2014, the Foundation closed its conservation and environment program and will no longer appropriate grants in this area. The financial statements of the Foundation have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). The sig - nificant accounting policies followed are described below.

Investments The Foundation’s financial assets and financial liabilities are stated at fair value. Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The Foundation utilizes the practical expedient in valuing certain of its investments where ownership is represented by a portion of partnership capital or shares representing a net asset value investment. The practical expedient is an acceptable method under GAAP to determine the fair value of investments that (i) do not have a readily determinable fair value predicated upon a public market, and (ii) have the attributes of an investment company or prepare their financial statements consistent with the measurement principles of an investment company. A fair value hierarchy prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets (Level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements). The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are as follows: Level 1 Inputs that reflect unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Foundation has the ability to access at the measurement date. Level 2 Inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability either directly or indirectly, including inputs in markets that are not considered to be active. Level 3 Inputs that are unobservable. Inputs are used in applying the various valuation techniques and refer to the assumptions that market participants use to make valuation decisions. Inputs may include price informa - tion, credit data, liquidity statistics and other factors. A financial instrument’s level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of any input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The Foundation considers observable data to be that market data which is read - ily available and reliable and provided by independent sources. The categorization of a financial instrument within the hierarchy is therefore based upon the pricing transparency of the instru - ment and does not necessarily correspond to the Foundation’s perceived risk of that instrument. 103

Investments whose values are based on quoted market prices in active markets are clas - sified as Level 1 and include active listed equities and certain short-term fixed income investments. The Foundation does not adjust the quoted price for such instruments, even in situations where the Foundation holds a large position and a sale of all its holdings could rea - sonably impact the quoted price. Investments that trade in markets that are not considered to be active, but are valued based on quoted market prices, dealer quotations, or alternative pricing sources are classified as Level 2. These include certain US government and sovereign obligations, government agency oblig - ations, investment grade corporate bonds, commingled funds and less liquid equity securities. Investments classified as Level 3 have significant unobservable inputs, as they trade infre - quently or not at all. The inputs into the determination of fair value are based upon the best information in the circumstance and may require significant management judgment. The major - ity of the Foundation’s alternative investments are classified as Level 3. These investments are primarily made under agreements to participate in limited partnerships and are generally sub - ject to certain withdrawal restrictions. Values for these partnerships, which may include investments in both nonmarketable and market-traded securities, are provided by the gen - eral partner and may be based on recent transactions, cash flow forecasts, appraisals and other factors. Market values may be discounted for concentration of ownership. Because of the inher - ent uncertainty of valuing the investments in such partnerships and certain of the underlying investments held by the partnerships, the Foundation’s estimate of fair value may differ sig - nificantly from the values that would have been used had a ready market for the investments existed. The financial statements of the limited partnerships are audited annually by independent auditing firms. Investments in these partnerships may be illiquid, and thus there can be no assurance that the Foundation will be able to realize the full recorded fair value of such invest - ments in a timely manner. Realized gains and losses on investments in marketable securities are calculated based on the first-in, first-out identification method. Included in receivable (payable) from unsettled secu - rities transactions in the accompanying Balance Sheets are receivables of $14.2 million and $17.5 million from unsettled security sales at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively, net of payables from unsettled securities purchases of $14.3 million and $15.3 million at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. These receivables and payables are classified as Level 1.

Grants Grant appropriations include both conditional and unconditional grants. Unconditional grants are expensed when appropriated. Certain grants are approved by the Trustees subject to the grantee fulfilling specific conditions, most frequently that all or a portion of the grant funds be matched in a specified ratio. Such conditional grants are considered commitments and are not recorded as expense until the Foundation determines that the material conditions of the grant are substantially met or such meeting of conditions is probable. Substantially all grants payable are due within one year and are recorded at face value.

Taxes The Foundation qualifies as a tax-exempt organization under Section 501(c) (3) of the Internal Revenue Code and, accordingly, is not subject to federal income taxes. However, the Foundation is subject to a federal excise tax. The Foundation follows the policy of providing for federal excise tax on the net appreciation (both realized and unrealized) of investments. The deferred federal excise tax in the accompanying financial statements represents tax pro - vided on the net unrealized appreciation of investments. Under federal tax law the Foundation cannot carry forward realized losses resulting from the sale of investments. The Foundation is subject to income tax at corporate rates on certain income that is considered unrelated busi - ness income under the Internal Revenue Code. The Foundation’s tax returns are subject to 104

Notes to Financial Statements, (continued)

examination by federal and various state tax authorities. With few exceptions the Foundation is no longer subject to tax examinations for years prior to 2011.

Property Property consists of land held at cost, and buildings and their improvements located in New York City. These buildings are depreciated on a straight-line basis over their useful lives, generally twenty-five to twenty-eight years. Building improvements are depreciated over the remaining useful life of the building. The net book value of property, excluding land, was $30.6 million at December 31, 2014, compared to $33.0 million at December 31, 2013.

Investment Return Investment return includes income and realized and unrealized gains or losses on all invest - ments. Unrealized gain or loss comprises the change in unrealized appreciation or depreciation on marketable securities and alternative investments, net of deferred federal excise tax pro - vided on such unrealized appreciation. Realized gains or losses include gains or losses realized on the sale of marketable securities and the Foundation’s share of the operating results of part - nership investments, whether distributed or undistributed.

Expenses Grantmaking operations include all costs related to appropriating, paying and adminis - tering grants. Direct charitable activities include building operating expenditures for two independent not-for-profit entities, and expenditures for research. Investment operations include the costs of supervising the Foundation’s investment portfolio. Interest expense includes inter - est, amortization of deferred bond issuance costs, commitment fees and remarketing fees incurred in connection with servicing the Foundation’s debt. Current provision for taxes includes federal and state taxes. Other expenses include certain expenses that the Foundation is not permitted to report either as an expense of distribution or an expense of earning income. Salaries and benefits are allocated to the activities listed above, and also to core adminis - tration, based on estimates of the time each staff member devoted to that activity. Core administration expenses are then prorated among the activities listed above based on head - count allocations. Identifiable costs, such as consultants, are charged directly to each activity. Amounts for program grants, grantmaking operations, and direct charitable activities shown on the Statement of Activities will not agree with the amounts on the Foundation’s Form 990PF, the federal excise tax return, because a cash basis is required for reporting the expenses of distribution for tax purposes as contrasted with the accrual basis used in prepar - ing the accompanying financial statements. The administrative expenses of distribution, including direct charitable activities, were $17.3 million (7.2% of appropriated grants) in 2014, compared to $16.9 million (7.2% of appro - priated grants) in 2013. Investment management expenses are the direct costs of portfolio management, includ - ing fees for investment management, custody and advisory services. 105

Recent Accounting Pronouncement In May 2015, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2015 -07, Disclosures for Investments in Certain Entities That Calculated Net Asset Value per Share (or Its Equivalent). The ASU removes the requirement to catego - rize within the fair value hierarchy all investments for which fair value is measured using the practical expedient. The ASU further removes the requirement to make certain disclosures for all investments that are eligible to be measured at fair value using the practical expedient. This ASU is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2015. The Foundation does not expect the adoption of the ASU to have a material effect on its financial statements.

The Foundation’s expenses by natural classification are as follows for 2014 and 2013: _2_0_1_4 _ _2_0_1_3 _ (in thousands of dollars) Program grants and contributions, net ...... $238,396 $233,258 Salaries, pensions and benefits ...... 17,276 16,202 Interest ...... 6,275 9,707 Current provision for taxes ...... 9,249 13,772 Other operating expenses ...... ____8_,_7_2_1_ ____8_,_2_7_0_ $__2_7_9_,_9_1_7_ $__2_8_1_,_2_0_9_

Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in accordance with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reported periods. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Reclassifications Certain 2013 amounts have been reclassified to conform to the 2014 presentation.

2. INVESTMENTS Investments held at December 31, 2014 and 2013 are summarized as follows: ______2_0__1_4 ______2_0__1_3 ______F_a_i_r_ V_a_lu__e _ ____C_o_s_t ___ __F_a_i_r_ V_a_lu__e _ ____C__o_st ____ (in thousands of dollars) Equities ...... $1,411,216 $1,236,859 $1,279,498 $1,049,871 Fixed income ...... 263,449 262,514 195,031 192,664 Short-term ...... 461,581 461,581 496,704 496,675 Derivative financial instruments ...... ______—______—______1_,1_0__1 ______3_,6_3__2 2,136,246 1,960,954 1,972,334 1,742,842 Alternative investments . . . __4_,2_4__3_,1_4_4_ __3_,2_1__3_,8_4_8_ __4_,1_7__0_,4_1_5_ __3_,2_6__5_,0_2_7_ $__6_,3_7__9_,3_9__0 $__5_,1_7__4_,8_0_2_ $__6_,1_4__2_,7_4_9_ $__5_,0_0__7_,8_6_9_ 106

Notes to Financial Statements, (continued)

The classification of investments by level within the valuation hierarchy as of December 31, 2014 is as follows: Significant Significant Quoted Observable Unobservable Prices Inputs Inputs __(_L_e_v_el_ 1__) __ __(_L_e_v_el_ 2_)__ __(_L_e_v_e_l _3_) ______T_o_t_a_l ___ (in thousands of dollars) Marketable securities . . . . $ 906,554 $1,229,692 $—$2,136,246 Alternative investments . . . — 801,392 3,441,752 4,243,144 Payable from unsettled security purchases, net . . ______(_1_3__2) ______——______(_1_3__2) $___9_0__6_,4_2_2_ $__2_,0_3__1_,0_8_4_ $__3_,4_4__1_,7_5_2_ $__6_,3_7__9_,2_5_8_ The classification of investments by level within the valuation hierarchy as of December 31, 2013 is as follows: Significant Significant Quoted Observable Unobservable Prices Inputs Inputs __(_L_e_v_e_l _1_) __ __(_L_e_v_e_l _2_) _ __(_L_e_v_e_l_ 3_) ______T_o_t_a_l ___ (in thousands of dollars) Marketable securities . . . . $ 795,775 $1,176,559 $—$1,972,334 Alternative investments . . . — 632,773 3,537,642 4,170,415 Receivable from unsettled securities sales, net . . . . ______2_,2_3__6 ______——______2_,2_3__6 $___7_9__8_,0_1_1_ $__1_,8_0__9_,3_3_2_ $__3_,5_3__7_,6_4_2_ $__6_,1_4__4_,9_8_5_ The reconciliation of activity for Level 3 investments is as follows: _____2_0_1_4 ______2__0_1_3 ______A_l_t_er_n_a_t_iv_e_ _In_v_e_s_tm__e_n_ts____ (in thousands of dollars) Balance at January 1 ...... $3,537,642 $3,588,595 Transfers from Level 3 to Level 2 ...... (105,734) (310,156) Transfers from Level 2 to Level 3 ...... — 70,645 Net realized gains ...... 268,885 312,362 Income ...... 49,005 95,865 Purchases ...... 450,686 299,445 Distributions/redemptions ...... (873,025) (739,283) Net unrealized gains ...... ___1_1__4_,2_9_3_ ___2_2__0_,1_6_9_ Balance at December 31 ...... $__3_,4_4__1_,7_5_2_ $__3_,5_3__7_,6_4_2_ Net unrealized gains included in the Statements of Activities for investments designated as Level 3 and held at December 31, 2014 and 2013 were $142.2 million and $273.1 mil - lion, respectively. There were no transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 in 2014 or in 2013. 107

Set forth below is additional information pertaining to alternative investments as of December 31, 2014 and 2013: Fair Value Fair Value Redemption Redemption ___2__0_1_4 ______2_0__1_3 ___ __F_r_e_q_u_en_c_y __ _N_o_t_ic_e_ P_e_r_i_od_ (in thousands of dollars) Equity long only (1) . . . . . $ 269,943 $ 332,601 Monthly/ 30-90 Days Quarterly Equity long/short (2) . . . . 447,770 466,949 Quarterly/ 30-60 Days Annually Diversified (3) ...... 1,041,427 950,654 Quarterly/ 45-180 Days Annually Private partnerships (4) . . __2_,4_8__4_,0_0__4 __2_,4_2__0_,2_1__1 $__4_,2_4__3_,1_4__4 _$_4_,1__7_0_,4__1_5 (1) This category includes investments in funds that invest in equity securities and derivatives in domestic and international markets. The Foundation estimates that approximately 53% of the value of these funds can be redeemed within 12 months. There are no unfunded commitments in this category. (2) This category includes investments in funds that invest long and short in domestic and international securities, primarily in equity securities and investments in derivatives. The Foundation estimates that approximately 84% of the value of these funds can be redeemed within 12 months. There are no unfunded commitments in this category. (3) This category includes investments in funds that invest in a variety of privately held and publicly available securities, including equities, corporate and government bonds, con - vertibles, derivatives, and includes investments in domestic and international markets. The Foundation estimates that approximately 81% of the value of these funds can be redeemed within 12 months. Unfunded commitments at December 31, 2014 were $43 million com - pared to $19 million at December 31, 2013. (4) This category includes investments in private equity, venture capital, buyout, credit oppor - tunity, real estate , and energy-related funds. These funds invest both domestically and internationally across a broad spectrum of industries. Generally these funds cannot be redeemed; instead, the nature of the investments is that distributions will be received as the underlying investments of the fund are liquidated. Unfunded commitments at December 31, 2014 were $947 million, compared to $952 million at December 31, 2013. Through certain investment managers, the Foundation is a party to a variety of interest rate swaps and options. At December 31, 2013, approximately $3.0 million in assets and $1.8 million in liabilities related to these financial instruments are included in derivative financial instruments. There were no interest rate swaps or options held at December 31, 2014. At December 31, 2013, the Foundation had open foreign currency contracts with notional amounts of approximately $20.6 million in assets and $20.7 million in liabilities included in derivative financial instruments. There were no open foreign currency contracts held at December 31, 2014. Derivative financial instruments are carried at fair value, and changes in fair value are recognized currently in the Statements of Activities. Financial instruments such as those described above involve, to varying degrees, elements of market risk and credit risk in excess of the amounts recorded on the balance sheet. Market risk represents the potential loss the Foundation faces due to the decrease in the value of finan - cial instruments. Credit risk represents the maximum potential loss the Foundation faces due to possible nonperformance by obligors and counterparties as to the terms of their contracts. Management does not anticipate that losses, if any, resulting from its market or credit risks would materially affect the financial position and operations of the Foundation. 108

Notes to Financial Statements, (continued)

The Foundation invests in a variety of fixed income securities and contractual instruments, which by their nature are interest rate sensitive. Changes in interest rates will affect the value of such securities and contractual instruments.

3. DEBT Debt outstanding as of December 31, 2014 and 2013 is as follows: _2_0_1_4 _ _2_0_1_3 _ (in thousands of dollars) Nonrevolving lines of credit, due June 30, 2017 ...... $210,000 $ — Variable rate bonds, due December 1, 2032 ...... 44,350 44,350 Secured revolving line of credit, due April 30, 2016 . . . 40,000 — 3.95% fixed rate bonds, due August 1, 2014 ...... ______—__ __2_3_0_,_0_0_0_ $__2_9_4_,_3_5_0_ $__2_7_4_,_3_5_0_ On February 26, 2014, the Foundation entered into two nonrevolving credit agreements that permitted the Foundation to borrow up to an aggregate $230 million and that mature on June 30, 2017. The interest rate on borrowings is LIBOR plus 35 basis points. The Foundation drew down these nonrevolving lines of credit in full on July 31, 2014 and used the proceeds to redeem the 3.95% bonds. Prior to December 31, 2014, the Foundation repaid $20 million of the nonrevolving lines of credit. Interest incurred on the 3.95% bonds, exclu - sive of amortization of deferred bond issuance costs, was $5.3 million in 2014 and $9.1 million in 2013. The Foundation estimates that the fair value of the 3.95% bonds were $234.3 mil - lion at December 31, 2013. Interest for the Variable Rate bonds is reset weekly by the Foundation’s bond agent. Bond holders have the right to tender their bonds to the bond agent weekly, and the agent has an obligation to remarket such bonds. Bonds that cannot be remarketed must be redeemed by the Foundation. The Foundation believes that the fair value of the Variable Rate bonds approx - imates their book value. The average interest rate applicable in 2014 and 2013 for the Variable Rate bonds was 0.13%. Interest incurred, exclusive of amortization of deferred bond issuance costs and fees, was $60 thousand and $59 thousand in 2014 and 2013, respectively. In connection with the Variable Rate bond offering, the Foundation entered into a $30 mil - lion dedicated line of credit agreement. Borrowings, if any, under this line of credit are at the discretion of the Foundation and are to be used solely to fund redemption requirements of the Variable Rate bonds. The line of credit agreement expires on September 8, 2015. The annual commitment fee is 0.25%. As of December 31, 2014 and 2013, there were no borrowings out - standing under this line of credit. On April 30, 2014, the Foundation entered into a two year secured revolving line of credit agreement (“Credit Agreement”) which permits the Foundation to borrow up to $145 mil - lion. At December 31, 2014, borrowings of $40 million were outstanding under the Credit Agreement. These borrowings were repaid on March 16, 2015. Borrowings under the Credit Agreement are to be used to pay grants or other qualifying distributions. The interest rate on borrowings is LIBOR plus 30 basis points and the annual commitment fee is 0.05%. One of the Foundation’s managed accounts valued at $123.9 million, as of December 31, 2014, has been pledged to secure borrowings under the Credit Agreement. The pledged account is included in Marketable Securities in the accompanying Balance Sheet. 109

4. TAXES The Internal Revenue Code imposes an excise tax on private foundations equal to two per - cent of net investment income (principally interest, dividends, and net realized capital gains, less expenses incurred in the production of investment income). This tax is reduced to one percent when a foundation meets certain distribution requirements under Section 4940(e) of the Internal Revenue Code. The Foundation was subject to the two percent rate in 2014 and 2013. Certain income defined as unrelated business income by the Code may be sub - ject to tax at ordinary corporate rates. Taxes paid, net of refunds, in 2014 and 2013 were $14.1 million and $9.0 million, respectively. The current and deferred provision for taxes for 2014 and 2013 are as follows: _2_0_1_4 _ _2_0_1_3 _ (in thousands of dollars) Current provision (benefit) Federal excise tax on net investment income ...... $9,571 $11,820 Federal and state taxes on unrelated business income . . ___(_3_2_2_ ) ___1_,_9_5_2_ _$_9_,_2_4_9_ _$_1_3_,_7_7_2_ Deferred provision Change in unrealized appreciation (1) ...... _$_1_,_4_0_0_ _$_ _8_,_0_0_0_ (1) The deferred tax provision is reflected on the Statement of Activities and represents the change in net unrealized appreciation of investments at two percent.

5. GRANTS, CONTRIBUTIONS, AND COMMITMENTS The following table of grant activity by major program area includes all grant appropria - tions approved during 2014. Grants payable and committed at December 31, 2013 have been adjusted to reflect cancellations of $192 thousand.

Payable and Payable and Committed 2014 Committed December 31, _G__ra_n__ts_ _a_n_d_ _C_o_m__m__it_m__en__ts_ December 31, _____2_0_1_3______A_p_p_r_o_p_r_i_a_t_ed__ ___P_a_i_d ______2_0_1_4_____ (in thousands of dollars) Higher Education and Scholarship in the Humanities ...... $16,529 $109,894 $110,523 $15,900 Arts and Cultural Heritage . . 23,192 71,453 60,069 34,576 Scholarly Communications . . 4,068 33,433 33,204 4,297 Diversity ...... 500 15,898 15,898 500 International Higher Education and Strategic Projects ...... — 8,837 8,512 325 Public Affairs ...... — 550 550 — Conservation and the Environment ...... ___4_,_7_9_3______—______1_,_8_9_3_ ___2_,_9_0_0_ Program grants and commitments — totals . . . 49,082 240,065 230,649 58,498 Contributions and matching gifts ...... ______—______1_,_1_9_2_ ____1_,_1_9_2______—__ $__4_9_,_0_8_2_ $_2__4_1_,_2_5_7_ $_2__3_1_,_8_4_1_ $_5__8_,_4_9_8_ 110

Notes to Financial Statements, (continued)

Grant and grant commitment activity is summarized below.

___2_0_1_4______2_0_1_3____ (in thousands of dollars) Grants payable Grants payable at January 1 ...... $ 39,785 $ 39,546 Grant expense ...... 239,640 234,611 Less: Grants paid ...... __(_2_3_1_,_8_4_1_ ) __(_2_3_4_,_3_7_2_ ) Grants payable at December 31 ...... _ $___4_7_,_5_8_4_ $____3_9_,_7_8_5_ Net grant expense Unconditional grants ...... $ 185,974 $ 203,894 Conditional grants meeting conditions for expense ...... ____5_3_,_6_6_6_ ____3_0_,_7_1_7_ 239,640 234,611 Less: Grant refunds ...... ____(_1_,_2_4_4_ ) ____(_1_,_3_5_3_ ) Net grant expense at December 31 . . ._ $__2_3_8_,_3_9_6_ $___2_3_3_,_2_5_8_ Grant commitments Grant commitments at January 1 . . . . . $ 9,297 $ 8,989 Less commitments cancelled ...... — (192) Conditional grants appropriated . . . . . 55,283 31,217 Less: Grants meeting conditions for expense ...... ___(_5_3_,_6_6_6_ ) ___(_3_0_,_7_1_7_ ) Grant commitments at December 31 . ._ $___1_0_,_9_1_4_ $_____9_,_2_9_7_

6. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS The Foundation has evaluated subsequent events through May 27, 2015, the date the finan - cial statements were issued, and believes no additional disclosures are required in its financial statements.