Structure Plan for Iwo and Environs (2014 – 2033)

STRUCTURE PLAN FOR IWO AND ENVIRONS (2014 – 2033)

State of Osun Structure Plans Project

NIGERIA

SOKOTO i KATSINA BORNO JIGAWA Y OBE ZAMFARA Kano Maiduguri KANO KEBBI

KADUNA B A UCHI Kaduna GOMBE NIGER ADAMAWA

PLATEAU KWARA Abuja ABUJA CAPITAL TERRITORYNASSARAWA O Y O T ARABA

EKITI Oshogbo K OGI OSUN BENUE ONDO OGUN A ENUGU EDO N L LAGOS A a M g o B s R EBONY A ha nits CROSS O IMO DELTA ABIA RIVERS

Aba RIVERS AKWA BAYELSA IBOM

STRUCTURE PLAN FOR IWO AND ENVIRONS (2014 – 2033)

State of Osun Structure Plans Project

United Nations Human Settlements Programme publications can be obtained from UN-HABITAT Regional and Information Offices or directly from: P.O. Box 30030, GPO 00100 Nairobi, Kenya. Fax: + (254 20) 762 4266/7 E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://www.unhabitat.org

This State of Osun Structure Plans Project, Nigeria was supervised by Alioune Badiane and Doudou Mbye and managed by the United Nations Human Settlements Programme Support Office (UN HAPSO), Abuja.

HS Number: HS/052/15E ISBN Number (Series): 978-92-1-133396-1 ISBN Number (Volume): 978-92-1-132671-0

Disclaimer The designation employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area, or of its authorities, or concerning delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries, or regarding its economic system or degree of development. The analysis, conclusions and recommendations of the report do not necessarily reflect the views of the United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-HABITAT), the Governing Council of UN-HABITAT or its Member States.

Excerpts from this publication may be reproduced without authorisation, on condition that the source is indicated. This State of Osun Structure Plans Project, Nigeria was supervised by the United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-HABITAT), Nairobi and managed by the United Nations Human Settlements Programme Support Office (UN HAPSO), Abuja.

PROJECT MANAGEMENT:

STATE GOVERNMENT OF OSUN State Governor: Ogbeni Rauf Aregbesola Honourable Commissioner for Lands, Physical Planning and Urban Development: Arc. Muyiwa Ige Permanent Secretary: Arc. Wale Ojo Director, Town Planning: Tpl Oladejo Ezekiel Akintunde Project Secretary: Tpl (Mrs) O. A. Oluwadare

UN HABITAT Director, Project Office: Alioune Badiane Director, Regional Office for Africa: Axumite Gebre-Egziabher Senior Human Settlements Adviser: Doudou Mbye

UN HAPSO Habitat Programme Manager: Kabir M. Yari National Programme Officer: Paul Okunlola (Project Coordinator) Administrative Assistant: Elizabeth Owolabi

CONSULTANCY TEAM Chief Technical Adviser: Professor Johnson Bade Falade Urban Services/Transportation: Prof. S.O. Fadare (Team Coordinator) Urban, Land Use Planning/Local Economic Development: Olusegun E. Ojo Urban Environment/Infrastructure: Dr. Abel O. Afon Governance/Gender/Anthropology: Prof. Mrs. M.O. Olusi GIS Assistant: Kazeem Tijani

Design and Layout: Peter Cheseret FOREWORD

Historically, cities have been of Structure Plans to guide the growth and develop- acknowledged as major drivers ment of these cities and their environs over the next of the national economy, which 20 years, spanning the period 2014 to 2033. The contribute substantially to the participating cities are Osogbo, Ede, Ilesa, Iwo, Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Ikirun, Ila-Orangun, Ile-Ife, Ikire and Ejigbo. They also attract investments and create wealth, enhance This fully participatory project, which engaged all social development, human and levels of stakeholders in the communities, adopts technical resources and are repositories of knowledge the Rapid Urban Sector Profiling for Sustainability and agents of socio-political change. (RUSPS) methodology to propose the spatial contexts for promoting social, economic and cultural develop- Rapid population growth in the State of Osun, as is ment of the cities and their environs with respect to typical of Nigeria’s South West geopolitical zone, has the following identified thematic areas: Shelter and manifested in haphazard and uncoordinated physical slums; Local Economic Development; Transportation; development, overcrowding and diverse adverse conse- Urban Safety/Security; Disaster Risk Reduction; Basic quences for the teeming number of residents who flock Urban Services; Environment; Gender; Governance; to the cities in search of a better life. Consequently, our Heritage/Historic areas; and Land Administration. cities have become generally unsustainable, increasingly difficult to manage, and progressively unable to In addition, the Structure Plans seek to build capacity fulfil their potentials as engines of growth. and aid informed strategic decision-making among local communities, the Local Governments and State On assumption of office, my administration, with a Officials by setting the broad structure for the direction view to reposition the State of Osun to enable it attain of future growth of these cities, providing for the co-or- the potentials of its development agenda, adopted a dination of both present and future activities and public Six-Point Integral Action Plan as the foundation for services as well as in the provision of key infrastructure v charting future initiatives and programs of the State items like water, drainage, electricity and roads. government of Osun. The Integral Action Plan is hinged on the following six actions: We acknowledge that these Structure Plans would not be expected to solve all problems at the same time and ❚❚ Banish Poverty. would therefore be subjected to periodic evaluation and review in the course of implementation. ❚❚ Banish Hunger. I would like to express the appreciation of the Govern- ❚❚ Banish Unemployment. ment of the State of Osun to UN HABITAT and its Executive Director, Dr. Joan Clos, as well as officials in ❚❚ Restore Healthy Living. the Regional Office for Africa and the UN HABITAT Programme Support Office in Abuja for the Technical ❚❚ Promote Functional Education. Assistance extended to the State, the outcome of which is this very important document. I would also like to ❚❚ Ensure Communal Peace and Progress. commend all the consultants and technical experts who made tangible contributions to this effort towards It was obvious that in order to harness the potentials ensuring a better future for cities in the State of Osun. of the State’s significant urban population in achieving this laudable objective, the capacity of our cities to It is my privilege therefore, to recommend the Struc- support this development agenda and offer better ture Plan to all stakeholders in the State and urge living conditions to their residents had to be signifi- the full implementation of its recommendations and cantly enhanced. Hence, the O-Renewal Programme proposals by all concerned. was designed to regenerate a one-kilometre radius of the core areas in the nine largest cities in the State and, on the 9th of July, 2012, the State entered into a collaboration agreement for Technical Assistance with Ogbeni Rauf Aregbesola, the United Nations Human Settlements Programme Governor, State Government of Osun, (UN HABITAT), for the development and adoption Osogbo, Nigeria vi Structure Plan For Iwo and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project making components. to ensure validation ofthedatacollectionanddecision- Group Discussions andCityConsultationswere held RUSPS methodologyfollowing whichextensive Focus officials were alsotrainedontheapplicationof of Lands,Physical Planning andUrban Development Besides, consultantsandrelevant staffofthe Ministry hensive stakeholdermappingandengagementprocess. nature, whichinvolves acomprefully participatory (UN HABITAT), wasfoundedonitsinclusive and the United Nations Human Settlements Programme the Structure Plans exercise undertheguidanceof for Sustainability (RUSPS) methodology adopted for The preference fortheRapid Urban Sector Profiling b. a. on thefollowing platforms: on afocusedurbanregeneration programme centred Physical Planning andUrban Development, embarked sola administrationthrough ofLands, theMinistry PREFACE Ora Osogbo, sustainable growth over theperiod2014to2033. nine cities asanoverall framework to guidetheir radius of25kilometres from thecore ofthese areas to regenerate a one-kilometre radius of the core The preparation of Structure Plans spanninga A state-wide ngun, in the nine largest cities in the state, namely state, the in cities largest nine the in Ile-Ife, IkireandEjigbo. d, ls, w, krn Ila- Ikirun, Iwo, Ilesa, Ede, O-Renewal Programme designed Plan, the Ogbeni Rauf Aregbe- of itsSix-Point Integral Action and inlinewiththeoverall thrust ized ofthe country’s 36states which isoneofthemosturban- isation intheState ofOsun arising from unsustainableurban- In response tothechallenges - Planning andUrban Development, Osogbo Honourable CommissionerforLands,Physical Arc. Muyiwa Ige, possible. mented andperiodicallyreviewed tothebestextent proposals/recommendations are conscientiouslyimple- commitment toensuringthattheseStructure Plan and Urban Development, we would like topledge our On of Lands,Physical behalf of theMinistry Planning whoworkedthe Ministry tirelessly onthisproject. output; to and, deliveringthe entire a worthy staff of and stakeholders for their commitment other partners role onthisproject; theConsultantsand supervisory Programme Support Office(HAPSO)in Abujaforits theUN-HABITATfor theircontinuedsupport; notably theproject communitiesandtheirleaders butions tothesuccessfuloutcomeofthisproject, express ourprofound gratitudetoallwhomadecontri towards theexecution ofthisproject. Ialsowishto initiating thiscollaborationwiththeUNHABITAT of theState ofOsun, Ogbeni RaufAregbesola for I wouldliketoespeciallycongratulatetheGovernor Integral Action Plan. aims andaspirationsoftheState ofOsun’s Six-Point provide aneffective spatialplatformforachievingthe comprehensivea very process whichwe believe will These Structure Plans are therefore theoutcomeof - ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

This Report has been produced cooperation and assistance of all the officials in the with the kind support and active various other State Ministries, Departments and collaboration of several people, Agencies (MDAs) who provided us with relevant data groups and institutions to who we and information for this report. owe our gratitude, although space would only permit mentioning a We specially acknowledge the support and few. cooperation of the Deputy Governor, Otunba Grace Titilayo Laoye, Obas in Council and commu-nity First, we would like to acknowledge and appreciate the leaders of the various communities covered in this vision and commitment of the Governor of the project, namely Ede, Ejigbo, Ijesa-land, Ikire, State of Osun, Ogbeni Rauf Adesoji Aregbesola, for Ikirun, Ila-Orangun, Ile-Ife, Iwo and Osogbo; his commitment to actualising this Technical Executive Secretaries of participating Local Cooper-ation with UN HABITAT and for the full Governments; members of community development support in providing the necessary operational and associations, Women and Youth Groups as well logistical resources for as seeing this project through as all trade and professional associa-tions, for to conclu-sion. attending to the requests for information and their various contributions and assistance to the success of We would also like to appreciate the Honourable the project, especially through their active participa- Commissioner for Lands, Physical Planning and Urban tion at the City Consultations in each city. Development, Arc. Muyiwa Ige, for his passionate Finally, we wish to acknowledge the selfless service commitment and support to ensuring the comple- rendered in various capacities including consultants, tion of the project on behalf of the State Government. Field Assistants and all those too numerous to mention Similarly, we wish to thank the various officials of the who in diverse ways contributed to the successful Ministry who provided technical and logistic support, completion of the project. in particular the Special Adviser to the Governor on vii Lands, Dr. Ayodele Owoade; the Permanent Secre- tary Ministry of Lands, Physical Planning and Urban Development, Arc. Wale Ojo; his predecessor, Mr. Kola Adetumbi; the Director of Town Planning, Tpl. Ezekiel Oladejo and, the Project Secretary, Tpl O. Dr Alioune Badiane A. Oluwadare as well as other Directors and Staff of Director, Projects Office the Ministry. In the same vein, we acknowledge the UN-Habitat, Nairobi viii

Structure Plan For Iwo and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project TABLE OF CONTENTS

LIST OF FIGURES...... xi LIST OF TABLES...... xii LIST OF PLATES...... xii ACRONYMS...... xiii EXECUTIVE SUMMARY...... xiv IWO PLANNING AREA...... xiv DEVELOPMENT ISSUES IN IWO PLANNING AREA...... xv STRUCTURE PLAN VISION, GOALS AND OBJECTIVES...... xv CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION...... 1 1.1 PREAMBLE...... 2 1.2 THE NATURE AND OVERALL PURPOSE OF A STRUCTURE PLAN...... 3 1.3 METHODOLOGY...... 3 1.3.1 Overview of the RUSPS Methodology...... 3 1.3.2 Desk Study and Fieldwork...... 5 1.3.3 Stakeholders’ Consultations...... 5 1.3.4 Technical Reporting...... 6 1.4 Defining Iwo Planning Area...... 6 1.5 LESSONS LEARNED ...... 7 1.6 STRUCTURE OF THE REPORT...... 7 CHAPTER 2: BACKGROUND TO IWO PLANNING AREA...... 9 2.1 LOCATION: NATIONAL AND REGIONAL SETTING ...... 10 2.2 IWO PLANNING AREA...... 11 2.3 NATURAL ENVIRONMENT FACTORS...... 12 2.3.1. Climate...... 12 2.3.2 Vegetation...... 14 ix 2.3.3 Geology and Soil...... 14 2.3.4. Relief and Drainage...... 14 2.4 HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF IWO PLANNING AREA...... 15 2.4.1. History...... 15 2.4.2 Population Growth in Iwo...... 15 2.4.3 Age Structure of Population in the State of Osun...... 16 2.4.4 Development and Physical Growth of Iwo...... 16 2.5 Other settlements in Iwo Planning Area ...... 17 CHAPTER 3: DEVELOPMENT ISSUES IN IWO PLANNING AREA...... 19 3.1 PROFILING IWO PLANNING AREA...... 20 3.2 DEVELOPMENT ISSUES AND PRIORITIES...... 20 3.2.1 SHELTER AND SLUMS...... 20 3.2.2 LOCAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT...... 26 3.2.3 GOVERNANCE...... 28 3.2.5 HERITAGE...... 35 3.2.6 ENVIRONMENT...... 36 3.2.7 BASIC URBAN SERVICES...... 39 3.2.8 TRANSPORTATION...... 41 3.2.9 URBAN SAFETY...... 42 3.2.10 DISASTER RISK REDUCTION...... 43 CHAPTER 4: URBAN FORMS AND ALTERNATIVE GROWTH PATTERNS FOR IWO PLANNING AREA...... 45 4.1 URBAN FORMS AND LAND USE PLANNING...... 46 4.1.1 The Case for More Compact Settlements...... 46 4.1.2 URBAN FORMS...... 47 4.2 PREFERRED URBAN FORM FOR IWO PLANNING AREA...... 48 x Structure Plan For Iwo and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project APPENDIX USEDESIGNSTANDARDS 3:RECOMMENDEDLAND APPENDIX 2:IWO AREA:SUMMARY PLANNING OFCRITICALISSUES FOR IWO ANDENVIRONS, STATE OFOSUN APPENDIX 1: THE IWO CONSULTATION CITY DECLARATION ONPREPARATION OFSTRUCTURE PLAN 8.7 8.6 8.5 8.4 8.3 8.2 CHAPTER 8:STRUCTURE IMPLEMENTATION PLAN FORIWO AREA PLANNING 8.1 PREAMBLE 7.2 7.1 PREAMBLE CHAPTER 7:STRUCTURE FORIWO PLAN AREA(2014-2033) PLANNING 6.3 6.2 6.1 CHAPTER 6:POPULATION GROWTH PROJECTIONSFOR IWO AREA(2014-2033) PLANNING 5.3 5.2 5.1 CHAPTER 5:STRUCTURE PLAN VISION, GOALS ANDOBJECTIVES 8.2.1 8.1.2 8.1.1 7.2.8 7.2.7 7.2.6 7.2.5 TRANSPORTATION 7.2.4 7.2.2 7.2.1 6.3.1 6.3.1 6.1.2 6.1.1 5.1.9 5.1.8 5.1.5 5.1.3 5.1.1 5.3.2 5.3.1 5.1.7 5.1.4 MONITORING EVALUATION ANDREVIEW OFSTRUCTURE PLAN SUSTAINABILITY IMPLEMENTATION OFPLAN CAPACITY BUILDING PROCEDURE APPROVAL FORPLANNING ANDDEVELOPMENT CONTROL INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK FORSTRUCTURE IMPLEMENTATION PLAN RESOURCE MOBILISATION ANDFINANCINGOFSTRUCTURE PLAN LAND USEPROPOSALS,LAND STRATEGIES ANDSTANDARDS PROJECTIONS FORBASICURBANSERVICES USEBUDGET FORIWOLAND AREA PLANNING POPULATION PROJECTIONS FORIWO AREA PLANNING GOALS ANDOBJECTIVESOF THE STRUCTURE 2014-2033 PLAN THE VISION FORNEW IWO (2014-2033) CONTEXT OF THE STRUCTURE PLAN: VISIONING THE FUTURE Sources ofFunding Phasing Of Iwo Structure Plan Strategic Implementation oftheStructure Plan DISASTER RISKREDUCTION URBAN SAFETY HERITAGE, CULTURE AND TOURISM BASIC URBANSERVICES LOCAL ECONOMICDEVELOPMENT SHELTER ANDSLUMS Electricity Supply Water Supply PROJECTED POPULATION FIGURES BASIC ASSUMPTIONSFORPOPULATION PROJECTIONS The Habitat Agenda Nigeria20:2020 Vision OSEEDS andLocalEconomic Empowerment andDevelopment Strategies (LEEDS) Land Use Act (LUA) 1978 National Urban Development Policy 2012 Objectives andStrategies oftheStructure Plan forIwo Planning Area Goal oftheStructure Plan forIwo Planning Area Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) Urban andRegional Planning Law1992 ...... 69 61 55 49 82 80 77 75 75 75 74 73 72 72 70 70 70 68 67 67 66 66 64 63 62 62 58 58 58 57 56 56 56 54 53 53 53 53 52 52 51 51 51 50 50 LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1.1 The RUSPS Processes and Outputs...... 5 Figure 1.2 Map of Iwo Planning Area...... 7 Figure 2.1 Map of Nigeria showing the location of the State of Osun...... 10 Figure 2.2 Map of the State of Osun showing LG Areas...... 11 Figure 2.3 State of Osun Showing Structure Plan Project Cities...... 12 Figure 2.4 Rainfall pattern in Iwo Planning Area...... 13 Figure 2.5 Annual Temperature Pattern for Iwo Planning Area (2010)...... 13 Figure 2.6 Topography map of Iwo Planning Area...... 14 Figure 2.7 Projected population growth pattern (1991-2012) for major settlements in Iwo Planning Area...... 15 Figure 2.8 Age distribution of residents in the State of Osun by gender...... 16 Figure 2.9 Iwo Planning Area Existing Land Use...... 17 Figure 2.10 Other settlements in Iwo Planning Area...... 18 Figure 3.1 Comparative Access by Households to Water and Improved Sanitation in Iwo Planning Area...... 23 Figure 3.2 Iwo LGA Estimate of Income/Expenditure for period 2010–2012...... 29 Figure 3.3 Ayedire LGA Estimate of Income/Expenditure for the period 2010–2012...... 30 Figure 3.4 Existing Urban Services in Iwo Planning Area...... 39 Figure 3.5 Existing Transportation Network in Iwo Planning Area...... 42 Figure 4.1 Illustration of the Diverse City concept and the Compact City concept...... 47 Figure 4.2 Monocentric Model...... 47 Figure 4.3 Polycentric Model...... 47 Figure 4.4 Composite Model...... 48 Figure 6.1 Population projection for LGAs in Iwo Planning Area (2014 to 2033)...... 57 Figure 7.1 Land Use Proposal for Iwo Planning Area...... 62 Figure 8.1 Organisational Structure for Implementation of the Structure Plan...... 73

xi xii Structure Plan For Iwo and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project Plate 23: Plates 21-22: Plate 20: Plates 18-19: Plate 17: Plates 15-16: Plates 11-14: Plates9-10: Plate 8: Plates 2-7: Plate 1: LIST OFPLATES Table 8.2 Table 8.1 Table 6.4 Table 6.3 Table 6.2 Table 6.1 Table 3.18 Table 3.17 Table 3.16 Table 3.15 Table 3.14 Table 3.13 Table 3.12 Table 3.11 Table 3.10 Table 3.9 Table 3.8 Table 3.7 Table 3.6 Table 3.5 Table 3.4 Table 3.3 Table 3.2 Table 3.1 Table 2.1 LIST OFTABLES

I I I Capacity buildingactivities(2014-2033) P B Land U P P Categories ofcrimescommittedintheS SW SW SW SW SW S P SW SW SW I I I I Age S Purpose

wo Planning Area: Distribution ofRegular Households by Method ofSolid Waste Disposal wo Planning Area: Distribution ofRegular Households by Type of Toilet Facility wo Planning Area: Distribution ofRegular Households by Source of Water Supply forDomestic wo Planning Area: Distribution ofRegular Households by Tenure Status ofDwelling Unit wo Planning Area: Distribution ofRegular Households by Number ofExclusive Sleeping Rooms wo Planning Area: Distribution ofRegular Households by OwnershipStatus ofDwelling Unit wo Planning Area: Distribution ofRegular Households by Type ofHousing Unit tudent enrollment in public secondary schoolsinIwotudent enrollment inpublicsecondary Planning Area opulation andHousing Shortfalls inIwo Planning Area opulation Projection forIwo Planning Area (2014-2033) upils’ Enrollment inPublic SchoolswithinIwo Planning Area

hasing ofIwo Structure Plan (2014-2033) asic Services Demandasic Services Projection forIwo Planning Area (2014-2033) OT Analysis Transportation OT AnalysisonBasic Urban Services OT AnalysisonEnvironment OT ANALYSIS Heritage andHistoric Sites OT AnalysisGender OT AnalysisonUrban Governance OT AnalysisLocalEconomic Development OT AnalysisofShelter andSlums Priority Issues R Constr S O O M M W F ne D A r S M tructure ofResidents intheState ofOsun by gender takeholders attheIwo CityConsultation econdary School in deplorable condition and new oneunder Schoolindeplorableconditionandnew econdary arm produce andothergoodsattheOdo Ori andOja-Oba Markets oad underreconstruction withprovision ofdrainagechannelsinIwo ilapidated housinginthecore area ofIwo housinginthe andcontemporary luwere Shrine inIle-Ogbo pen wastedumpsite(Aatan)withinthecore residential area ofIwo se Budget fortheProjected Population (2014–2033) omen engagedinagro activities processing Garri andPalm oil asquerade duringtheannualEgungun Festival inIwo andthe ain Entrance toBowen University, Iwo ain entrancetothePalace oftheOluwo ofIwo wer developing areas ...... esidential neighborhoodinthecore area ofIwo Town uction inIwo Planning Area ...... tate ofOsun ...... 71 41 41 40 37 36 35 33 27 21 20 75 59 58 57 57 43 42 38 36 34 33 32 31 28 25 23 23 22 22 22 21 21 16 6 2 ACRONYMS

ANC Ante Natal Clinics BUS Basic Urban Services CBD Central Business Districts CBOs Community Based Organizations CEDAW Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination Against Women CSR Corporate Social Responsibility EU European Union FOMWAN Federation of Muslim Women’s Associations of Nigeria GRA Government Residential Area GSM Global System of Mobile Communication HIV/AIDS Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome Local LEEDS Economic Empowerment and Development Strategies LGA Local Government Area LGCs Local Government Councils MDGs Millennium Development Goals NBS National Bureau of Statistics NCMM National Commission for Museums and Monuments NDHS Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey NGOs Non-Governmental Organizations NITEL Nigerian Telecommunication NPC National Population Commissions NURTW National Union of Road Transport Workers O’ CLEAN Osun State Agency for Solid Waste Management OSEPA Osun State Environmental Protection Agency OSRUWSSA Osun State Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Agency OSWC Osun State Water Corporation OVC Orphans and Vulnerable Children OWMA Osun Waste Management Authority PHCN Power Holding Company of Nigeria xiii PPP Public-Private Partnership RUSPS Rapid Urban Sector Profiling for Sustainability RUWESA Rural Water Supply and Environmental Sanitation Agency SACA State Action Committee for AIDS SEEDS State Economic Empowerment and Development Strategy UNESCO United Nations Organization for Education, Science and Culture UN-HABITAT United Nations Human Settlements Programme WSSSRP Water Supply and Sanitation Sector Reform Programme xiv

Structure Plan For Iwo and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project ❚ focus onthefollowing: and aidinformedstrategicdecision-makingwithmain I Heritage/Historic areas; andLandAdministration. Urban Environment; Services; Gender; Governance; Urban Safety/Security; Disaster RiskReduction; Basic slums; LocalEconomic Development; Transportation; the following identifiedthematicareas: Shelter and and culturaldevelopment of the area withrespect to the spatialcontextsforpromoting social,economic Sustainability (RUSPS) methodology, whichpresents RapidUrbanis theparticipatory Sector Profiling for and adoption of the Structure Plan for Iwo and environs Essentially, the approach adopted for the preparation fulfill theirpotentialsasenginesofgrowth. make thecitiesgenerallyunsustainableandunableto orating socialandenvironmental conditions,which provision as well as deteri ofinfrastructure andservices, congestion withininnercityneighborhoods,inadequate uncoordinated physicaldevelopment, overcrowding and consequences, notableamongwhichare haphazard and unfortunately, hasoccurred alongside several undesired growth over the past half Century. This phenomenon, experiencing unprecedented populationandspatial the country’s 36states,withtowns andcitiesinthestate geopolitical zone, ranksamongthemosturbanized of The State of Osun, locatedin Nigeria’s South West EXECUTIVE SUMMARY the period2014to2033. framework toguide regeneration strategywithproposalsforan city ofIwothereforeintegrateselementsthe core areasinthesecities.TheStructurePlanforthe designed to follow of selectedcitiesover This initiative,whichwouldguidethedevelopment Ife, IkireandEjigbo. Osogbo, Ede,Ilesa,Iwo,Ikirun,Ila-Orangun,Ile- of thelargestcitiesinState.Theare project onthepreparationofStructurePlansfor Settlements Programme agreement withthe Aregbesola, thoughatechnicalcooperation Action Plan,the State tainable urbanisationandadequatelypositionthe In or n addition,theStructure Plan seeks to buildcapacity ❚ growth ofthesecities,takingaccounttopograph Setting thebroad structure forthedirection offuture der toe of Osunto through onthestate’sO-Renewalprogramme regenerate ff ectively address t State actualize itsSix-Point the next20years,wasalsoto its sustainable a one-kilometreradiusofthe

(UN-HABITAT) initiateda United NationsHuman Governor, OgbeniRauf he challenges of unsus he challengesof growth over overall Integral nine - - - for theStructure Plan. of thedatacollectionanddecision-makingprocesses were heldtoenhanceinclusiveness andallow validation areas. Focus group discussionsandacityconsultation ITAT tocollectrelevant dataontheagreed thematic the RUSPS methodologydeveloped by theUN-HAB Urban Development were trainedontheapplicationof ofLands, staff ofthe Physical Planning and Ministry Through the adoptedprocess, consultantsand relevant ❚ and 93,065(48.6)females. On theother hand, the Census. This was made up of 98,312 (51.4) males Area was 191,377according tothe2006Population Population: 202 and315metres above sealevel. Planning Area issituatedonanelevation ofbetween be dividedintothecentralridgeandvalleys. Iwo guinea savanna vegetation zone anditsenvirons can season. Iworainy and the dry lies within the southern zone andexperiencestwomajorclimaticseasons:the respectively. Iwo anditsenvirons liewithinthetropical square kilometres and332.117 square kilometres and Bode-Osi LGAs cover land areas of 265.783 atIle-Ogbotive headquarters and Bode-Osi. Ile-Ogbo Iwo Land,Ayedire and Ola Oluwa, withtheirrespec ofIwoheadquarters Land(Kingdom).Other LGAs in 245 square kilometres. Thecityisthe “traditional” Iwo Planning Area. The citycovers alandarea of Nigeria which along with Ayedire LGA make up the of the31LocalGovernments intheState ofOsun, Meridian. Iwo ofIwo istheheadquarters LGA, one longitudes 4º09’and4º13’eastoftheGreenwich oftheEquator and latitudes 7º37’and7º40’north Background: Iwo Planning Area islocatedbetween IWO PLANNINGAREA ❚ Providingfortheco-ordinationofawide ❚ and roads. structure itemssuchaswater, sewerage, electricity to maximize efficiencyinthe provision ofkeyinfra areaswithin particular orgrowth corridorsinorder Providing forastagedurbandevelopment strategy education, andsocialwelfare); and, development, employment, housing, transportation, ational publicandopenspaces)affectingeconomic (includingprovisionservices foradequaterecre pr and considerations; ical, environmental andsocio-economicconstraints esent andfuture commercial activitiesandpublic The populationof Iwo Local Government rangeof - - - - population of Ayedire Local Government Area in city consultation was held in the city. The following 2006 was 75,846. Females accounted for 48.9% of thematic issues guided the profiling and structure plan this population. The census figures did not provide preparation: data on the number of people living in the city; information available however revealed that population Shelter and Slums, which covers issues of sanitation, growth rate increased from 2.83% between 1991 and housing and security of tenure for a better and clean 2006, to 3.20% from 2007 to date. Thus, populations city; Local Economic Development,which takes into of the identified localities (Iwo, Olupona, Kuta and account the socio economic development, employ- Ile-Ogbo) were computed from 1991 census figures ment situation and local economic base;Governance, using an annual growth rate of 2.83% for the period characterised by the institutional arrangements for the 1991 to 2006 and 3.20% for 2007 to date. different kinds of urban governance existing in the planning area; Gender, which highlights the issues of DEVELOPMENT ISSUES IN IWO space for economic, political and social activities for PLANNING AREA women and the vulnerable groups thereby improving their access to opportunities and resources for wealth Housing accounts for largest land use in the city. Gener- creation and Heritage, which showcases the cultural ally, however, many of the houses are of poor quality. norms and practices of the planning area while The Profile studies showed that there is proliferation exploring the deep traditional setting that defines their of slums in the Planning Area. A survey conducted for heritage in order to aid their development. the Osun Urban Renewal Program for Iwo in 2012 revealed that the city is made up of about 70% high Environment covers all issues pertaining to the policy, density residential buildings, with over 45% of such legislative and institutional frameworks for environ- buildings concentrated within the core area. However, mental conservation to address issues that relate to the housing situation within the city centre (the core climate change;Urban Basic Servicesfeatures several area) is undesirable. In many houses, there is no issues relating to education, water supply, health distinction between the living room and the sleeping facilities, electricity, telecommunication, sanitation room as well as the kitchen and the store. In others, and solid wastes; Land Administration covers the residents are usually crowded in very limited space and legislative framework for land administration, infor- the rooms usually lack adequate ventilation. The state mation and management in the planning area;Urban of most dwellings units and housing environment, in Safety; Disaster Risk Reduction; and Transportation general, within the core area of the town are very poor. assesses the existing transport system (networks and the different modes) and auto park facilities within the xv There is however improvement in the physical condi- planning area in order to achieve a sustainable trans- tion of houses in other parts of the city, such as area port development. outside the traditional core. The condition of buildings in the periphery indicates improvement in terms of the Upon analysis of the key issues, the preferred alterna- building construction materials (wall, floor and roof), tive growth pattern proposed for Iwo Planning Area size of room and number of person per area of land, is The Composite Model,which allows the develop- building design, among others. ment of both the central and outskirt areas. This is in line with the goals and objectives of the Structure Plan A large proportion of residents within the Planning and it proffers short, medium and long time planning Area live in houses that are in life and health-threat- to minimize the cost of relocating a large number of ening conditions; lacking adequate provision for safe, people and buildings. sufficient and potable water, sanitation, drainage and the removal of garbage. Data from the 2006 Census STRUCTURE PLAN VISION, GOALS AND indicate that only 23.7% of households in the Planning OBJECTIVES Area have access to improved water, compared with the national average figure of 67.0%. Likewise, only The overarching Mission statement for Osun is 19.4% of all households in Iwo Planning Area had “To provide an excellent, efficient and effective access to piped water, which is much lower than the quality Government service that will result in the national average of 33.0%. With regard to sanitation, growth and physical development of the State of Osun as access to improved sanitation in Iwo Planning area is well as in the improvement of the welfare of its citizenry 19.6%, compared with the national average of 60.0%. with a positive spill-over to other parts of Nigeria.” Generally therefore, the level of access by households to basic urban services like water and sanitation in Iwo The vision for Iwo also reflects the aspirations of the Planning is relatively low in comparison with both communities and supports the implementation of the State and national figures. local agenda. Therefore the vision for the Structure Plan is based on a thorough analysis and understanding of The various development issues in Iwo Planning the evidence from the consultation, the overall vision Area were reviewed through the profile studies and a of the State, the international and national policies. xvi

Structure Plan For Iwo and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project ❚ ❚ ❚ The specificobjectives are: mental sustainability.” employment generation, poverty reduction andenviron infrastructural base that will significantly contribute to inclusive city with strong social, economic, human, and “To develop Iwo asadynamic,resilient, livable and are likely, theStructure Plan visionis: Although unforeseen changesover thenext20years ❚ ❚ ❚ leisure usesinanattractive setting; quality andquantityofcommercial, residential and Regenerating Iwo Core area toprovide improved homes,includingfamilyhousing; mix ofnew enhancing the publicrealm, and a more sustainable environs businesses and byenterprise, supporting Improving theoverall environment ofIwo and that willprovide forlocalbusinesses; support infrastructure andanimproved localenvironment city Iwo andenvirons Improving theoverall physicalenvironment ofthe andproviding homesand new - meeting theneedsofitsresidents. a more sustainablehumansettlement,efficientand ment therecommendations. Thesewouldmake Iwo resourcesas well toimple as mobilising thenecessary government, theprivate sector, NGOSandthepublic, therefore rely between oneffective the partnership The implementationof Iwo Structure planwill ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ tectural, culturalorhistoricalinterest; buildings, andimprovement ofplaceslocal, archi To promote rehabilitation of andpreservation disposal, trafficcongestionandrisingenergycosts; Reducing theimpactsofflooding,inadequatewaste walking, cycling, androad; publictransport Making Iwo aneasyplacetogetandaround by meets localneeds; recreational activitiesandotherinfrastructure that healthcare, assets,communityservices, sporting tion andemployment culturaland opportunities, Supporting localcommunitylifethrough educa - - - 01

INTRODUCTION 2 Structure Plan For Iwo and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project Osun decidedtoadoptstrategicurban development unplanned urbanization, the State Government of In order to address thechallengesarising from achieving sustainability. cities experiencingrapidgrowth intheState towards plans toguidethedevelopment andmanagementof underscore theneedforadoptingstrategicurban of overall amenityamongothers.Thesechallenges infrastructure, environmental pollutionandlack proliferation ofslums,inadequateurban shortages, urbanization intheState ofOsun includehousing Development challenges that have accompanied rapid educational, culturalandcommercial activities. trative/local government andcentres headquarters for areasrural and second, their multiple roles as adminis- is thepressure from in-migrationofpopulationfrom for growth have comefrom twomajorsources. First, to guide the development of these cities. These pressures their physicalboundariesduetolackoflanduseplans and Ikire have inturnledtouncontrolled expansionof like Osogbo, Ilesa, Ile-Ife, Ede, Iwo, Ila, Ejigbo, Ikirun years. Population growth in major cities of the State experience rapidpopulationgrowth inthepast50 in Nigeria andcitiesintheState have continuedto The State of Osun isoneof themosturbanized states PREAMBLE 1.1 ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ cally, theproject isaimedat: land useplanninganddevelopment control. Specifi- Plans willaidinformedstrategicdecision-makingand development andgrowth inthenext20years. The these citiesasanoverall framework forguidingtheir State ofOsun inthepreparation ofStructure Plan for The overall objective the ofthisproject istosupport and Ile- Ilesa, Structure of Preparation Plans the on embarked ITAT), Nations Human Settlements Programme the State withtheUnited ofOsun inpartnership cities to economic growth and social welfare. Hence, formation, andensure significantcontributionofthese provision,service minimize theincidenceofslum and managementofthesecitiestofacilitateeffective Structure Plans are to guide the physical development plans fortheninemostpopulouscitiesinState. The ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ establishing digitalbasemapsfor thethree cities. Contributing toimproved landadministration by and settingupaframework fortheirimplementation socio-economic development, urbanmanagement Identification forenhancing ofpriority interventions applications planningandGIS key actorsinlocalparticipatory traininginstitutionsandother state departments, Strengthening institutional capacities of relevant manner fortheninecities Developing Structure Plans inaparticipatory Plate 1:MainentrancetothePalaceofOluwoIwo Ikirun. o te olwn nn cte, namely cities, nine following the for f, w, d, jgo Ia rnu, Ikire Orangun, Ila Ejigbo, Ede, Iwo, Ife, (UN-HAB Osogbo, - Essentially, the support of UN-HABITAT to the ❚❚ Create, for the people of the Planning Area, the best State Government of Osun and the nine cities is in possible opportunities for work, housing, shopping, aid of developing sustainable, rationalized and imple- education and leisure and for meeting social and mentable urban structure plans for each of the subject community needs, including assisting those within cities. Without such plans, strategic and meaningful the community with particular disadvantages to development may be compromised in the cities. The improve their quality of life; and structure plans are therefore very important, given the need to contribute to the achievement of the goals ❚❚ Improve and protect the built and natural environ- of State of Osun Six-Point Integral Action Plan, the ment of the Planning Area. Habitat Agenda in relation to providing adequate shelter for all and the Millennium Development Goals. In summary, the Structure Plan for Iwo Planning Area This report presents the plan for Iwo and environs. is designed to make significant contributions towards achieving the goals of the State of Osun’s Six Point Integral Action Plan, the adapted Local Economic Empowerment and Development Strategy (LEEDS) by the constituent Local governments, the National 1.2 Transformation Agenda and National Vision 20:2020 THE NATURE AND OVERALL programme, the HABITAT Agenda and the Millen- PURPOSE OF A STRUCTURE nium Development Goals (MDGs), as well as the PLAN National Policies on Housing and Urban Develop- ment.

A comprehensive land use plan for cities is usually undertaken by experts working with the community in a participatory manner to guide the future use of 1.3 land, address strategic issues of concern to the conti- METHODOLOGY nuity and make long term decisions about the growth

of the city. Chapter 1 Introduction

The Structure Plan for Iwo is adopted as a statutory Hitherto, master plans in Nigeria have been drawn planning policy document which focuses on land-use without adequate consultation with the stakeholders. 3 development and protection, set within the context of The effects of this non-participatory approach to the social, economic and environmental trends and consid- formulation of land use plans are various. In many erations. It is a veritable tool for integrating the spatial instances, successful implementation has been hindered contexts of national, state and local planning policies partly because the contents do not meet the expecta- and provides strategies for the long-term use of land tions of the stakeholders, where they have not been and buildings, thus providing a framework for local involved in the preparation and adoption. decision-making and the reconciliation of competing development and conservation interests. The Structure The approach adopted for the preparation of the Struc- Plan therefore aims to ensure that land-use changes ture Plans for Iwo Planning Area is the Rapid Urban proceed coherently, efficiently and with maximum Sector Profiling for Sustainability (RUSPS) method- benefits for the community. ology. Questionnaires and field survey methods were used to collect relevant data and information. This was The Structure Plan for Iwo and environs is to be supplemented by desk studies and reviews of relevant subjected to continuous public consultation, on-going literature, hosting of focus group discussions to assist involvement and negotiation. Ideally, once adopted, all in collection of qualitative information and secondary decisions on planning applications are made in accor- data on the various thematic issues as well as forecasting dance with the adopted Structure Plan, unless other the future of the city and formulation of land use material considerations relating to land-use develop- projections and land use design. ment indicate otherwise. 1.3.1 Overview of the RUSPS Essentially, a Structure Plan is meant to: Methodology

❚❚ Generate and provide for development plans to meet The UN-HABITAT, in response to various challenges of the social and economic needs of the residents in the urbanization facing developing countries, is promoting Planning Area in ways which do not compromise the socially and environmentally sustainable towns and quality of the environment and the quality of life of cities with the twin goals of ‘providing adequate shelter future generations, in accordance with the principles for all’ and ‘promoting sustainable human settlements of sustainability. planning, development and management in a rapidly 4 Structure Plan For Iwo and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project Housing andUrb D Ministry State ofOsun, U c formulation oflanduseplans. understanding andusefordatacollection,analysis ment ministries, and the NGO community towards its to build the capacity of consultants, staff of govern- methodology inNigeria hasbeenhingedontheneed Doma, andKeffi. Theadoptionofthe Karu RUSPS tion ofStructure Plans forfourcities,namelyLafia, to utilisetheRUSPS methodologyfortheprepara State. Nasarawa State wasthesecondState inNigeria ture Plans forAwka, andOnitsha Nnewi inAnambra used inNigeria in2007forthepreparation ofStruc Master Plans forcitiesinEgypt. RUSPS wasfirst The RUSPS wasfirstappliedtothe preparation of Nigeria (UN-HABITAT, 2006). including Egypt, Ghana, Liberia,Kenya, Gambia and it hasbeensuccessfullyemployed inseveral countries proffered. Since 2003when thistoolwasdeveloped, areas ofcapacitygapsuponwhichsolutionsshouldbe of acity’s improvement needs.It helpstoidentify andaction-orientedassessment fective, participatory The RUSPS methodologyisatoolforrapid,cost-ef- study inSomalia. European Commission (EC) on an urban sector profile in 2003by UN-HABITAT whileworking withthe This toolisthe RUSPS, whichwasfirstdeveloped canbebased. immediate andlongterminterventions oped atoolforrapidurbanassessmentuponwhich urbanizing world’. In so doing, UN HABITAT devel L D selected technic the methodology. Participants a 2 w To achieve the obj apacity toform 013, toproperly t cl Governme ocal o evelopment, and epartments rkshop onRUS o f Lands, sn Polytechni Osun al staffo State fOs f o u n N late structure ad eea Ministry Federal and t ective of building na gnis oal, sn State Osun notably, Agencies rain andinducti an Development.T PS -HABITAT organize Ph from 24 y ia Pann an Planning sical

t the Training i plans forcitiesinthe th

to 26 c d

entifiedexperts n saf f t of staff and tional and local un inistries, M d athree-day he th

September, f Lands, of d Urban n cluded in he - - - ❚ ❚ cities were to: outprofiling studiesforthe The objectives ofcarrying isaster andRiskReduction; and eritage/Historic Areas. xi. overnance; and x. ix. viii. asic Urban Services; vii. rban Safety/Security; vi. v. iv. helter andSlums; iii. ii. i. of citiesforthestructure planformulation: following thematicissuestobecovered intheprofiling programmes totheconsultantsandagree on the Ministries, andAgenciestopresent Departments their RUSPS trainingalsocreated formajor anopportunity 1.1. the selectedcitiesinState ofOsun isshown inFig methodology intheformulationofStructure Plan for The diagrammatic representation oftheuse RUSPS ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ the cityalongthematicissues; andthreatsweaknesses, opportunities (SWOT) of Develop anunderstandingofthestrengths, needed inthedifferent thematicareas; and Provide city-wideassessmentoftheimprovements opment andmanagementofhumansettlements. projects with the aim of achieving sustainable devel- including capacitybuildingandcapitalinvestment Identify priorityprojects areas forintervention and more effective institutionalandfinancing; for developing enablinglocalpolicies,regulations Identify capacity building needs and opportunities Environment; Transportation; Land A D H G B U Local E S Gender; dministration. conomic Development; FIGURE 1.1 The RUSPS Processes and Outputs

PROCESSES OUTPUTS

Rusps Training Capacity Building for RUSPS/Framework Agreed

Mobilization of Consultants Consultants Mobilized Citizens Sensitized

Fieldwork Relevant Data Acquired

Stakeholders’/City Consultation Priority Issues Agreed Consensus Built

Draft Structure Plan Report Draft Plan Produced

Technical Review of Draft Plan Comments Consolidated

Final Structure Plan Report

Source: UN-HABITAT 2009: Structure Plan for Awka and Satellite Towns, Nairobi. Chapter 1 Introduction

1.3.2 Desk Study and Fieldwork Following the desk studies, the RUSPS questionnaire as agreed to at the training was used for data collec- 5 Following the training and in line with the RUSPS tion on the field from January to June 2013. framework, consultants undertook desk studies and field work for collection of both primary and secondary The participatory RUSPS methodology enabled the data pertaining to the nine thematic issues. The aim of consultants to identify development priorities for the the desk study was to enable the consultants to acquire thematic areas of the profile studies which formed the additional necessary background data and information bases of formulating the Structure Plan. Additionally, on the Planning Area. The information collected by the peculiarities and anthropology of the city were the consultants was discussed and analysed to gain a considered for the development of the Structure Plan better understanding of the situation in the city. The for the Planning Area. consultants administered the RUSPS questionnaire to all relevant stakeholders for each of the agreed themes. 1.3.3 Stakeholders’ Consultations In addition, focus group discussions were held to collect required qualitative data and information on The method of data collection entailed holding of critical issues of development. discussions and consultations with critical stakeholders during the field work undertaken from January-June Information sources utilised and reviewed included 2013. Specifically, meetings and discussions were held inter alia: with stakeholder groups in the Planning Area and at State and Local Government levels from February to a. Project Documents; March, 2013. b. Relevant Acts; c. Population Statistics; The Iwo City Consultation was held on Monday d. Data Base on Business premises, institutions, 15th July, 2013 at the Oluwo’s Palace, Iwo, with 317 infrastructure etc.; participants in attendance. The consultation featured e. Regulatory Frameworks; technical presentations on each of the thematic issues f. Programme Websites; and covered in the RUSPS. Participants at the consultation g. Land records, registration etc. were subdivided into Syndicate Groups to enable them have detailed discussion on the nine thematic issues. 6 Structure Plan For Iwo and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project The Syndicate Groups were classifiedasfollows: of thisReport. Plan andare highlighted intheappropriate sections Declaration have beenintegratedintotheStructure Thesalient participants. recommendations intheCity resolutions forIwo Planning Area asagreed by the tion for Iwo was adopted, which contains the collective were adoptedby voice acclamationandaCityDeclara at the Plenary. Consensus was reached and the reports The ofthe Reports Syndicate Groups were presented Urban Planning- Local Economic Development Governance- Group 3 Group 1 Heritage Gender- Environment and Transportation Infrastructure Services and Group 2 Group 4 Urban Urban - as Iwo and Ayedire LocalGovernment Areas (LGAs). delineated (MLPP&UD), comprisestheentire territory of Lands,Physical Planning andUrban Development The Iwo Planning Area asdefined bythe State Ministry Defining IwoPlanningArea 1.4 vi. v. iv. iii. ii. i. prepared thefollowing reports: ration of the structure plan, consultants for Cluster 3 conducted and the City Consultations held for prepa- Following thedeskstudy, theprofiling studies 1.3.4 Structure planreport forIwo Planning Area Iwo CityconsultationsReport; and Issues Paper forConsultationinIwo; Profile ofstakeholdersinthecity; Inception report; Urban

Plates 2-7:StakeholdersattheIwoCityConsultation Technical Reporting

Profile ReportofIwo;

FIGURE 1.2 Map of Iwo Planning Area Chapter 1 Introduction

and slum, local economic development, governance, gender, heritage, environment, urban basic services, 7 1.5 urban safety, disaster and risk reduction and trans- LESSONS LEARNED portation in order to attain an inclusive city.

❚❚ It helps to identify critical areas of capacity gaps that need strengthening for effective urban management. In applying RUSPS in the preparation of the Structure Plan for Iwo Planning Area, the following lessons were ❚❚ RUSPS offers a greater scope for adopting a gender learnt: perspective to urban planning and management.

❚❚ The methodology provides an opportunity for rapid ❚❚ Positive strong political commitment at the highest scoping of urban areas. level is achieved through the RUSPS methodology.

❚❚ It helps identify key development challenges to be ❚❚ It provides the bedrock for carrying out SWOT addressed and priority projects. analysis of the city with respect to the adopted thematic issues. ❚❚ RUSPS promotes the adoption of a participatory and integrated approach to data collection and analysis of urban issues. Essentially, the methodology emphasizes involvement of stakeholders (local government officials, traditional councils, communities, professional groups, trade unions and organisations, civil 1.6 society organisations, among others) in identifying STRUCTURE OF THE REPORT priority issues and obtaining their buy-in for urban planning and management and in monitoring the implementation process. This report has eight chapters.Chapter 1 provides the ❚❚ It covers the multi-dimensional nature of urban introductory accounts. Chapter 2 provides a general planning and management in the areas of shelter background account of Iwo Planning Area including its 8 Structure Plan For Iwo and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project Structure Plan. well asmodalities forreview andsustainabilityofthe institutional framework,monitoringandevaluation, as including phasingofproposed development, legaland discusses criticalissuesrelated toplanimplementation growth ofthecityfornext 20years. land useproposals toguideorderly development and Plan policies, strategies and standards for realizing the in Iwo andenvirons fortheplanperiodare contained objectives. Theprojections forpopulationgrowth of to advancing theStructure Plan’s vision,goalsand patterns forIwo andenvirons. Chapter 4 stakeholders atthecityconsultationheldintown. studies conductedandtheissuesagreed uponby the to Iwo, whichhave beenhighlightedintheprofile accounts ofcriticaldevelopmental issuesastheyrelate and settlement patterns. of thepeoplepopulationpattern,existinglanduses geographical setting,thenaturalenvironment, history Chapter 6 discussesthealternative urbangrowth , while Chapter 7 Chapter 3 presents theStructure Chapter 5 provides concise isdevoted Chapter 8

BACKGROUND TO IWO PLANNING AREA 10

Structure Plan For Iwo and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project FIGURE2.1MapofNigeriashowingthelocationStateOsun LGA, oneof31LGAs (withIfe EastArea Office)inthe Greenwich Meridian. Iwo ofIwo istheheadquarters Equator and longitudes4º09›and4º13›eastofthe imately between of the latitudes 7º37› and 7º40› north one of the States in Nigeria (Fig 2.1). Iwo lies approx- Iwo Planning Area islocatedintheState ofOsun, REGIONAL SETTING LOCATION: NATIONAL AND 2.1 (Figure 2.1). largest stateandthe4thinSouth West Nigeria area of9,000square kilometres andisrankedthe28th sq. kilometres. The State of Osun covers atotalland State of Osun, Nigeria and covers a land area of 245.00 Ikirun, Ejigbo,Iwo,IkireandIla- cities The are: Districts. Senatorial three the across are the focus of the Structure Plans Project are spread O 30 The State isdividedintothree Senatorial Districts and ffice,Mo dakeke (Figure 2. Local Government Areas, aswell astheIfe EastArea f, Ede, Ile-Ife, Ilesa, capital, State the Osogbo, 2). ninecit The Orangun. ies whi ch FIGURE 2.2 Map of the State of Osun showing LG Areas Chapter 2: Background to Chapter 2: Background Iwo Planning Area

Source: State Government of Osun

2.2 IWO PLANNING AREA

Iwo LGA is bounded on the south and west by Lagelu and Afijio Local Government Areas of Oyo State respectively. It is also bounded on the north east by Ola Oluwa LGA and to the south east by Ayedire LGA, both in Osun State. Iwo city is the “traditional” headquarters of Iwo Land (Kingdom). Iwo Land extends into three LGAs, namely Iwo, Ayedire and Ola Oluwa LGAs. Indeed, the term Iwo and its environs comprises of all settlements within these identified LGAs. For the purpose of this project however, Iwo Planning Area covers only Iwo and Ayedire LGAs. 12

Structure Plan For Iwo and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project blow over the area. The south-west monsoon wind is south-west trade winds monsoon and the north-east season. rainy andthedry Two majorwinds,namelythe zone andexperiencetwomajorclimatic seasons:the Iwo anditsenvirons liewithinthetropical climatic 2.3.1. NATURAL ENVIRONMENTFACTORS 2.3 FIGURE2.3 CLIMATE StateofOsunShowingStructure PlanProject Cities Source: Ministry ofLandsandUrbanDevelopment,StateOsun2013 Source: Ministry station (Ibadan) ispresented inFigure 2.4. data for the year 2010 from the nearest meteorological during lateNovember andearlyDecember. Rainfall the lowest rainfallisabout2.54cmmostespecially monthly rainfallover thearea isabout25.4cm,while between July andSeptember ofeachyear. Theaverage and March. Thecityusuallyexperiencesheavyrainfall October, seasonisbetween November whilethedry runs between The rainyseasonusually April and season. dust-laden blows duringthedry trade wind which iscold, dry,while the north-east warm and moist and blows during the rainy season, FIGURE 2.4 Rainfall pattern in Iwo Planning Area

350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 July May June April March August January October February December November September

Source: NIMET, Lagos (2013)

During the dry season, temperatures could be as high September when there is dense cloud cover. The city as 35.00C in March. The evaporation/heat index is also experiences a high relative humidity of over 80%. as high as 420C in the dry season, with high relative The temperature profile as obtained from the closest humidity of 51.9%. The maximum temperature of meteorological station (Ibadan) and recorded for the about 36.10C occurs usually in February, while the year 2010 is detailed in Figure 2.5. 0

minimum temperature of about 21.8 C occurs in to Chapter 2: Background Iwo Planning Area

13 FIGURE 2.5 Annual Temperature Pattern for Iwo Planning Area (2010)

30 Temperature °C Temperature 20

0 July May June April March August January October February December November September Months

Maximum Minimum

Source: NIMET, Lagos (2013) 14

Structure Plan For Iwo and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project Metamorphic Rocks oftheBasement Complex.These The town liesmainlyonthe Pre-Cambrian Igneous and 2.3.3 amongothers. andcitrus, palms, cashew Plantations for major tree crops include cocoa, kola, oil area iscultivation oftree crops, usuallyinplantations. aspectofthevegetation ofthe Another important also cultivated. Gmelina arborea, Teminalia superba,anative species exotics introduced include trees have been introduced as forest plantations. The As aresult ofthedegradationnaturalforests, exotic farming, fellingoftrees forfueland,road construction. notable amongwhichare bushburningforsubsistence has beendegradedasaresult ofhumanactivities, However, inmostotherareas, thenaturalvegetation undisturbed thr th of part n southern the at reserve forest region. trees likeIroko and bamboothick up ofclimbers,heterogeneous the state,there ex specie. In the tufted grassesw savanna vegetati 2.3.2 Iwo Planning Are FIGURE2.6Topography mapofIwoPlanningArea atural

oet vegetatio forest Geology andSoil Vegetation extreme of southandsoutheasternparts Mature forests s ,

o o ith scattered t Afara andMahogany is ugh preservatio n zone, which isch t areas ofundistur a l et s alongriver cours ies within the sou n n h ae has area the in Tectona grandis (teak)and till existinth rees especially trees ofhard n . b aracterized by lo ed rainforest made

are foundinthis Sae Also, State. e es en largely been thern guinea e Owuforest . Hardwood wood genre

the Acacia n g existence tial development n with respect toi 2.3.4. ReliefandDrainage uig h riy esn ms o te oss along houses the the of most season, rainy the During t valleys. The cent Oke-Ore i sea level, whil b “ practice a - vegetables of planting agriculture, used are Both plains flood their season. but navigable, raining the during namely from resulting land, marshy and rivers, rivers two two these by by drained Yanyanun is land The Iwo and itsenvi and cashcrops suchasyam,cassava, maize andoilpalm. food acid most rocksof the important which supports tropicalThe soil is soil mainly on ferruginous crystalline strongly foliated andoccurasoutcrops. rocks consisting largelyofamphibole.The rocks are tobasic to fine-grainedschistandfrom acidquartzite coarse grain pegmatite composition, ranging from very rocks show great variation ingrainsize andinmineral 111ers T 1,101metres. s ion ofthecity - n mie drn te r season. dry the during maize, and - akuro” etween 202 and315metres above sealevel. Theeleva ortheast andprovortheast river bedsarepronetoflooding. . of few small hills such as such hills small few of and e altitudeis272m at thecitycent rons can be divided ts topography:thecentralridgeandth ra Te aly formed valley The Payan. and Aiba . Iwo issituat l ridge runs fromthesouthwestrunsridge tothe l ides awell-dra he ad s ary pla fairly is land te sras s mainly is streams other re is268metres a etres anddensi flood plains developed plains flood ed ined landforresiden onanelevati i I di nto two mainzones - O ies r not are rivers ke, n ih the with in O ty altitude o urban for k e-Ifa b ove the o called n of a n d e - -

2.4.2 Population Growth in Iwo

2.4 Going by the National Population Census figures HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF for both 1991 and 2006, Iwo Local Government has IWO PLANNING AREA the largest concentration of people in the State of Osun. According to the 1991 Population Census, there were a total of 105,401 persons in Iwo Local Government Area, made up of 50,356 males and 2.4.1. History 55,045 females with 87.08% (91,791 - 43,696 male and 48,095 female) of the entire Local The Iwo people are of Yoruba ancestry. History has it Government Population residing within the city. that they migrated from Ile-Ife during the 14th century. Iwo city is demarcated into four quarters, namely The earliest settlement was initiated by Adekola Telu, a Isale Oba, Molete, Oke-Adan and Gidigbo Prince from Ife. Adekola Telu was the son of the 16th comprising such areas as Araromi, Fesu, Olukotun, Ooni of Ife, a female called Luwo Gbagida. Oke-Odo, Adegbodu and Kajola among others. Similarly, the population in Ayedire comprises of The Iwo people primarily practiced African tradi- 19,640 males and 21,996 females. tional religion until Islamic missionaries arrived and The 1991 population data also indicates that only three converted many to Islam. The Christian missionaries of the 98 identified localities within Ayedire LGA had followed soon after with evangelism and through the populations of above 5,000 people. These were Kuta establishment of missionary schools converted many (5,405; 2,485 males and 2,920 females), Olupona others to Christianity. Iwo people today practice any (9,275; 4,364 males, and 4,911 females) and Ile-Ogbo of the three religions, with a higher population of (13,152; 6,024 males and 7,128 females). In other Muslims than Christians and still fewer Traditionalists. words, a total of 27,832 people representing 58.64% Non-indigenes and immigrants of different tribes are population of Ayedire LGA lived-in these three locali- employed in different trades in the city. ties. The 2006 National Census put the population of Iwo Local Government Area at 191,377, comprising On account of the abundant agrarian land, a large 98,312 (51.4%) males and 93,065 (48.6%) females. On

proportion of people in the Iwo Planning Area are the other hand, the population of Ayedire Local Govern- to Chapter 2: Background Iwo Planning Area engaged in farming, especially at the subsistence level. ment Area in 2006 was 75,846 with females accounting The farmers engage in the farming of both arable for 48.9% of this figure. The 2006 census figures did and cash crops. Arable crops produced in abundance not provide any data on the number of people living 15 include yam, cassava, maize, banana, plantain, melon in the city, projections indicate that population growth and vegetables among others, while cash crops such as rate increased from 2.83% between 1991 and 2006, to cocoa, oil palm and kola-nut are also widely farmed in 3.20% by 2007 to date. Thus, populations of the identi- the area as farming is the traditional source of economy fied localities (Iwo, Olupona, Kuta and Ile-Ogbo) were in Iwo and its environs. computed from 1991 census figure using annual growth rate of 2.83% for the period between 1991 and 2006 and 3.20% for 2007 to date (Figure 2.5).

FIGURE 2.7 Projected population growth pattern (1991-2012) for major settlements in Iwo Planning Area

90,000 80,000 70,000 60,000 50,000 Kuta 40,000 Olupona Ile-Ogbo 30,000 Iwo 20,000 10,000 0 Male 1991 Female 1991 Male 2006 Female 2006 Male 2012 Female 2012

Source: Consultants computation from 2006 Census figures 16

Structure Plan For Iwo and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project FIGURE2.8Agedistributionofresidents intheStateofOsunbygender State ofOsunbygender TABLE 2.1AgeStructure ofResidentsinthe (1,657,522) constitutethedependentpopulation groups and gender-indicatesthatatotalof48.51% State intothedifferent agestructure - by five yearage (Table 2.1)showing thedistributionofresidents inthe 2006 Census.However, state-widedata(NPC2009) gregated onaLocalGovernment Area basisunderthe The agestructure of residents inthe State wasnotdisag 2.4.3 0 -4 Age Group Total 85+ 80 -84 75 -79 70 -74 65 -69 60 -64 55 -59 50 -54 45 -49 40 -44 35 -39 30 -34 25 -29 20 -24 15 -19 10 -14 5 -9 100,000 150,000 200,000 250,000 50,000

Age Structur the StateofOsun 0

0-4 1,734,149 Source: NationalPopulationCommission(2009) 208,946 101,297 138,189 175,529 206,086 217,502 230,176 11,032 10,061 20,962 20,201 39,641 33,793 67,171 71,487 87,130 85,511 9,435

05-Sept Male

Oct-14 e ofPopulationin 15-19 1,682,810 197,983 104,712 120,679 161,758 174,049 190,738 196,232 209,859 Female 15,442 17,862 32,808 31,029 54,752 66,154 84,717 20-24 8,023 8,773 7,240 25-29 30-34 3,416,959 190,223 406,929 121,923 137,641 171,847 35-39 221,976 299,947 349,578 396,824 413,734 440,035 19,055 18,834 16,675 36,404 38,063 72,449 64,822 40-44 Total

45-49 - 50-54 town, comprisingthree distinctresidential zones. characteristic ofthemorphologytypical Yoruba Iwo Planning Area (Figure 2.9)Thecitystructure is Residential landuseformsthebulkofdevelopment in 2.4.4 of Osunpopula-tion. force work the population,the age (ages the youths within persons groups comprises group This 55-59

60-64 between Development andPhysical 65-69 Growth ofIwo

70-74 the of 25.50% for accounted 20-34) age groups which are dominant in dominant are which groups age constitute only 22.22% of the State the of 22.22% only constitute 75-79 the Though years. 19 and zero 80-84 85+ Female Male FIGURE 2.9 Iwo Planning Area Existing Land Use Chapter 2: Background to Chapter 2: Background Iwo Planning Area

The first zone comprises such places as the King’s Palace, town hall, Central Mosque, main market 17 square and homes of early settlers as well as compounds 2.5 of the traditional High Chiefs and Princes, which are Other settlements in Iwo Planning located within the heart of the city, otherwise referred Area to as the core residential zone. This section of the city grew inorganically. The core area is followed by the transition zone in a wheel-like manner. Developments in this zone, unlike in the core area, are well laid-out Other settlements in Iwo Planning Area are with adequate access roads and other urban infrastruc- Obajoko, Adana, Ikoyi, Oniyangi, Adegbodu, ture facilities. In the third zone (sub-urban), housing Olosi, Olupona, Ogburo Fapo, Ajagbangba, density is usually lower than what obtains in the other Olumoye, Ile-Ogbo and Malaafe (Figure 2.10). two zones and building developments in this zone are fairly planned, although development appears to be overtaking the planning. 18

Structure Plan For Iwo and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project FIGURE2.10 OthersettlementsinIwoPlanningArea 03 Chapter 3: Development Issues in Iwo Planning Area

19 DEVELOPMENT ISSUES IN IWO PLANNING AREA 20

Structure Plan For Iwo and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project Iwo City Declaration to intheappropriate sectionsofthisReport, whilethe tion oftheStructure Plan forIwo have beenreferred stakeholders whichare ofsignificancetotheformula planning ofthearea. Thecriticalcontributionsofthe the thematicareas whichare ofrelevance tothefuture which consensus was reached on in respect of each of inattendance,during 2013, with317participants City ConsultationsheldinIwo onMonday 15thJuly, study were thereafter presented tostakeholdersatthe The various development issuesidentifiedinthe profile Safety, Disaster andriskreduction and Transportation. Urban Basic LandAdministration, Services, Urban ment, These are Shelter and Slums, thematic areas adoptedundertheRUSPS framework. between January andMay 2013focusedontheeleven The Profile studyconductedon Iwo Planning Area PROFILING IWOPLANNINGAREA 3.1 Governance, Gender, Heritage, Environment, canbefoundinAppendix 1. Local Economic Develop - - Plate 8:Aresidential neighborhoodinthecore area ofIwoTown ❚ ❚ ❚ more thanoneofthefollowing attributes: refers toareas thatmanifestanyoneoracombination The definitionof “slums” bythe United Nations(2002) in slums. shelter forallandimprove thelives ofthepeopleliving urged theglobalcommunitytopromote adequate the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)have in the housing subsector. Both the Habitat Agenda and (Wahab 1983).Slums are themanifestationsofpoverty Housing isregarded asmore thanprovision ofshelter 3.2.1 PRIORITIES DEVELOPMENT ISSUESAND 3.2 ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ Inadequate accesstosafewater; Overcrowding; Poor qualityofhousing; structural Lack ofsecure tenure. ture; Inadequate accesstosanitationandotherinfrastruc SHELTER ANDSLUMS - Slum formation is a product of inadequate housing, core area) is generally poor. In many houses, there is no deferred maintenance of infrastructure and structures, distinction between the living room and the sleeping deficiency in housing services provision and unmet room as well as the kitchen and the store. In others, expectations. residents are usually crowded in very limited space and the rooms usually lack adequate ventilation. The state Existing Housing Stock of most dwellings units and housing environment, in Housing accounts for the largest land use in the city. general, within the core area of the town are unimagin- Generally, many of the houses are of poor quality. The ably abysmal (Plate 9). Profile studies showed that there is proliferation of There is however improvement in the physical condi- slums in the Planning Area. A survey conducted for tion of houses in other parts of the city, such as area the Osun Urban Renewal Program for Iwo in 2012 outside the traditional core. The condition of buildings revealed that the city is made up of about 70% high in the periphery indicates improvement in terms of the density residential buildings, with over 45% of such building construction materials (wall, floor and roof), buildings concentrated within the core area. However, size of room and number of person per area of land, the condition of housing within the city centre (the building design, among others (Plate 10). Chapter 3: Development Issues in Iwo Planning Area Plates9-10: Dilapidated housing in the core area of Iwo and contemporary housing in the newer developing areas Source: Consultants Survey 21

TABLE 3.1 Iwo Planning Area: Distribution of Regular Households by Type of Housing Unit Total House on separate stand or yard Hut/ structure made of traditional material Flat in block of flats Semi-detached house Rooms/Let in house Informal/ Improvised dwelling Others Osun 730313 453516 21765 94111 44614 95740 2024 18543 Iwo 40958 25991 1862 4629 2869 4735 146 726 Aiyedire 16462 11740 789 1267 1367 967 33 299

TABLE 3.2 Iwo Planning Area: Distribution of Regular Households by Ownership Status of Dwelling Unit Total Heads of Household Spouse to Head of Household Other Household Member Relative but not Household Member Privately Owned (Landlord) Private Employer Other Private Agency Public Govt Owned Other Osun 730313 452264 21687 94428 27696 98811 9090 9032 12399 4906 Iwo 40958 26897 1056 4520 2028 4771 491 258 747 190

Aiyedire 16462 11454 321 2235 856 1079 109 105 256 47 22

Structure Plan For Iwo and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project Domestic Purpose TABLE 3.5 figure only19.4%ofallhouse of67.0%.Likewise, to improved water, compared withthenationalaverage 23.7% ofhouseholdsinthePlanning Area have access garbage. Data from the2006Censusindicatethatonly potable water, sanitation,drainageandtheremoval of tions; lacking adequate provision for safe, sufficient and houses thatare inlifeandhealth-threatening condi Several residents withinthePlanning Area live in Access towaterandsanitation TABLE 3.4 Rooms TABLE 3.3 Aiyedire Iwo Osun Aiyedire Iwo Osun Aiyedire Iwo Osun IwoPlanningArea: DistributionofRegularHouseholdsbyNumberExclusiveSleeping IwoPlanningArea: Distribution ofRegularHouseholdsbySource ofWater Supplyfor IwoPlanningArea: DistributionofRegularHouseholdsbyTenure StatusofDwellingUnit 730313 16462 40958 730313 16462 40958 Regular Household Total 730313 77643 16462 40958 1612 5147 52098

1628 No Sleeping 392 Pipe-borne Total Room inside dwelling 54732 1987 66482 483 432938 1924 11820 25210 278 Pipe-borne One Room outside dwelling Owned 85127 1283 3928 9299 354

79 Tanker supply/ Two Rooms

water vendor 17318

1397 Owned but - - 331 340368 not yet paid 95082 27623 1266 4187 9930 off Three which ismuchlower than the national average of holds inIwo Planning Area hadaccesstopipedwater, national figures. relatively low incomparisonwithbothState and like water and sanitation in Iwoservices Planning is fore, thelevel ofaccessby householdstobasicurban with thenationalaverage of60.0%.Generally there sanitation inIwo Planning area is19.6%,compared 33.0%. With regard tosanitation,accessimproved Rooms Well 118958 208531 36807 2746 5446 2212 9785 1836 794 Bore- hole Rented Four Rooms 46235 48873 1128 2322 1238 1556 66000 1903 4225 Five Rooms Rain water Source: NationalPopulationCommission Occupied 110063

153542 rent-free 4085 7167 3156 5226 River Stream/ Spring Six Rooms 3641 163 200 22377 1200 4555 623 329 Squatting Seven 75 Dugout/Pond/ Lake/ Dam/ Pool Rooms 120096 18289

1885 3236 9574 Eight & 141 520 482

33 Above

Other - Others Rooms TABLE 3.6 Iwo Planning Area: Distribution of Regular Households by Type of Toilet Facility Total Closet Water (WC) Pit Latrine Bucket/ Pan Toilet Facility in separate dwelling Public Toilet Outside (bush/ beach/field) Other Osun 730313 102172 303553 14783 9507 55705 242056 2537 Iwo 40958 5448 19517 785 917 2441 11663 187 Aiyedire 16462 1164 7726 287 339 1557 5335 54

TABLE 3.7 Iwo Planning Area: Distribution of Regular Households by Method of Solid Waste Disposal Total Collected Buried by Household Public Approved Dump site Unapproved Dump site Burnt by Household Other Osun 730313 51988 42960 122459 280247 219714 12945 Iwo 40958 2457 2935 6392 15617 13027 530 Aiyedire 16462 1218 1123 3536 5968 4156 461

Source: National Population Commission

FIGURE 3.1 Comparative Access by Households to Water and Improved Sanitation in Iwo Planning Area Chapter 3: Development Issues in Iwo Planning Area

23 90 80

40 Nigeria (2003) 30 Planning Area (2006)

20 10

0 Access to Access Access to Durable improved to piped improved housing water water sanitation

Source: NPC 2006 24

Structure Plan For Iwo and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project of thecity. centre, for the purpose of renewing the oldest sections the areas withinaonekilometerradiusfrom thecity programme involvesandrehabilitation of thesurvey the preparation andadoptionofStructure Plans. This is being implemented in the nine cities earmarked for wide Urban Renewal (O’Renewal) Programme, which the State ofOsun. Notable amongtheseisthestate- ment toimprove thequalityoflifepeoplein Area, several stepshave beentakenby thestategovern ofthePlanning lence ofslumconditionsinmostparts Despite thedismalstateofhousingandpreva Housing andUrbanRenewal destitute amongothers. for manypeople,includingthelessprivilegedand in Iwo andenvirons are permanentplacesofabode ofthePlanning Area.in thispart Indeed, slumareas has not been any case of forced eviction or resettlement Despite theproliferation ofslumsinthe state,there resources topurchase them. denied accesstolandwhentheyhave thefinancial itance ismostlypatrilineal. Women are however not ownership oflandinfavour ofmales,sincelandinher- also ontheincrease. Thishasalso resulted inskewed fragmentation whileactivitiesoflandspeculatorsare family andmaleinheritancesystemhasledtoland and families.Subsequently, outrighttransferthrough the Oba on behalfofthecommunityorindividuals land was communally owned by and held in trust Before theenactment of theLandUse Act in1978, Security oftenure not different from whatisobtainableinthemaincity. the othersettlements(Kuta, Ile-Ogbo andOlupona) is and seriousdangertopublichealth.Thesituationin soil pollution,contaminationofunderground water have pitlatrines thatare notlined,therefore causing to thecity)incore residential areas somehouses the Oluyori Water Works (themain source of water (0.5%). Some residents dischargewastedirectly into (5.9%), opendefecation/disposal(28.5)and‘others’ of humanwasteare: buckets/pans(2%),publictoilet residential areas ofthecity. Other methodsfordisposal water closettoiletfacilities(Table emerging 3.6)newly Latrines (47.7%),whileonly13.3%ofhouseshave prevalent toilettypeusedby housesinIwo are Pit There systemin isnocentralsewage Iwo andthemost - - Iwo Planning Area ispresented in Table 3.8. and Threats (SWOT) for Shelter and Slum issuesin Analysis oftheStrengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities ii. nadequate provision ofinfrastructure and i. conditions inthePlanning Area includethefollowing: Priority issuesassociatedwiththeprevalence ofslum Shelter andSlums:PriorityIssues tively. Governments in the Planning Area effec- to perform of Town PlanningintheLocal andLand Services equipment andmaterialsrequired by theDepartment while there islow of technicalcapacityandadearth in Iwo andotherlocalgovernment areas ofthestate, minimize the prevalence of slum conditions is weak opment control required thisinitiative and tosupport However, theinstitutionalframework/policy fordevel - opment mainly ofindividualsorgroups embarking ondevel - housing stockinthePlanning Area have consisted nadequate capacitytoidentify, prioritize plans v. w accesstolandandcredit forbothmenand iv. iii. schemes in also are outside layouts the residential few a of development residential buildings E ff orts toimproveorts thequantityandqualityof oe eieta ae. h Lcl Governments Local The area. residential core forceful evictions; tion ofthelegalrightsslumdwellers from ment withinthePlanning Area; leadingtodeteriorationoflivingenviron services and implementprojects forslum upgrading. mentation ofslumupgradingactivities; forsustainedimple public-private partnerships women inslumareas; Limited S I I Lack ofinstitutionalframe Lo of private housing,suchassingle-unit makn o oeig e residential new opening on embarking Iwo andIle-Ogbo. ecurity of Tenure andlackofprotec mostly outsidethecore area, with work suchas - - - TABLE 3.8 SWOT Analysis of Shelter and Slums Priority Issues

STRENGTH WEAKNESSES OPPORTUNITIES THREATS PRIORITY PROJECTS • Existence of • Low level of • Prospects in the • Do nothing situation • Passage of relevant National policies implementation of Structure plan to leading to worse legislation, policies and legislation for adopted policies in reflect the objectives, housing condition. and land use Housing/Urban the state. and strategies of • Lack of political will standards. Development. • Use of outdated adopted policies • Possible resistance to • Upgrading of inner planning legislation land use zoning and suburban and non-adoption slums of Urban and • Provision of Regional Planning adequate access Law in the State. to safe water and • Absence of formal sanitation. Master Plans for Iwo and its surrounding communities. • Existence of legal • Inefficient • Exploring • Lack of reform, • Reform of land and cultural system mechanisms for opportunities in continuation of the titling process to of land ownership. transferring property, Constitutional existing ineffective ensure access to • Establishment • Sub-optimal review to introduce housing delivery land by the poor, of Digital land environment for new strategies for situation. women, widows information system mortgage lending land acquisition for • Possible resistance to and non-indigenes. for the state due to absence of housing, access to land use zoning. clear property rights, land, and efficient long process of housing finance obtaining governor’s • High land prices, low consent, inefficient per capital income land management of majority of the system, and high population and high cost of property cost of building transaction. materials. • Private sector • Poor provision • High land cost, high • Promote sites investment in for housing interest loans leading and services to housing infrastructure and to high housing cost. ensure adequate Chapter 3: Development Issues in Iwo Planning Area lack of subsidy; • Lack of resources. infrastructure • Poor housing provision. development with • Promote PPP 25 about 70% of in housing urban population development and living without management access to potable • Capacity building. water and aesthetic • Mobilize resources environment and for projects. good sanitation. • Lack of adequate funding from internal and less usage of external sources of funding. • State has embarked • Partial scope of the • Prospects for • Lack of continuity • Implement, sustain, on urban renewal scheme covering only expansion of the O • Lack of political will and extend existing scheme for nine the inner areas. Renewal programme • Poor funding urban renewal cities including Iwo • High percentage of for slum upgrading. programmes from urban dwellers living • Prospects/ inner to outer area in slums and lack opportunities in the slums. of proper approach Structure Plan for to slum prevention Iwo to extend slum and land ownership upgrading to other which ensures access areas. to land for women and non-Indigenes. 26

Structure Plan For Iwo and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project arable crops likemaize, cassava, cowpea andvegetables and economicgrowth by increasing thecultivation of programme seekstoachieve agriculture reformation in re-invigorating theeconomyof theState. This Agricultural Programme (O-REAP)hasassisted The introduction of Osun Rural Enterprise and economy oftheState usingagriculture asadriver. years inbuildingonthisfoundationtotransformthe However, notmuchprogress hasbeenmadeover the consolidated by theold Western Region Government. the economyofState ofOsun, afoundationfirst Agriculture hastraditionallybeenthemainstayof Agriculture using traditionalequipmentandmethods. However, mostofthesecottageindustriesstill operate that employ anumberofpeopleespecially thefemales. gari processing, blockmaking, bakeriesandsawmills small cottageindustriesnamely:palmoilprocessing, quence ofthehighlevel ofretail activities.There are both residential andcommercial purposes,aconse all houseslocatedonmajorroads inthetown serve prevalent in Iwo, being a commercial city. Almost like corn,cassava, cowpea, yamandbeefishowever materials. The retail tradeinagricultural products and canningduetotheabundanceofrawagricultural canningprocessing though potentialsexistforfruit There are nomajorindustrialestablishmentsin Iwo, sources ofemployment inIwo. and administrationestablishmentsare significant add tothelocaleconomyofcityandeducational the city. Other private establishmentsinthecityalso and Federal Government levels who live and work in while there attheLocal,State are alsoCivilservants providersand otherskilledservice are prevalent in Iwo, Informal sectoractors,notablypettytraders, artisans and lackofplanning. management challengeasaresult ofpoororganization Currently, mixed usedevelopments constitutea are located arbitrarily around the Planning Area. ment of the city and region. Such small businesses localeconomicdevelop the majorpillarssupporting Small formalandinformalbusinessorganizationsare tials forthedevelopment ofagro basedindustries. being endowed withagriculturalland,alsohaspoten- tural, industrialandgeneralgoods.Iwo Planning Area, focusontradeinagricul commerce, withparticular Planning Area isagriculture andalsotoalargeextent, The majoreconomicactivityof residents inthe Iwo 3.2.2

LOCAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT - - - operate rotationallyateveryfivedays. Kajola as well and Oluwo to Market Araromi filled and Road is Oyo which market, Ori capacity Odo busy very Budget ofCommerce andtheMinistry amongothers. the State level there are of Planning the Ministry and National Directorate forEmployment (NDE).At Poverty Eradication Programme (NAPEP) andthe eradication inIwo Planning Area includetheNational programmes foreconomicdevelopment andpoverty agencies withresponsibility forexecuting national for promoting economicdevelopment. Some Federal and localgovernment roles agenciesthathave primary ment intheState ofOsun, comprisingFederal, state There are various agencies involved in LED develop- Development Institutional FrameworkforLocalEconomic like Oyo andeven Lagos. attract largebuyers from neighboringtowns andStates markets are fooditems(agriculturalproducts), which andretailers.artisans Themajoritems sold inthe asameetingpointforfarmers, This market alsoserves as a five-day periodic market but now operates daily. market, locatedoff Osogbo – Ibadan Road, started sevenoperates rotationallydays.The every Odo Ori There isalsothe Ojomode Market in Ile Ogbo, which periodically in Th Commerce andTrade in Iwo are cocoa,yam,corn,cassava, andpalmoil. cropsmore farmed urbanized settlement.Theprimary various agricultural activitiesthaninIwo, which isa of the population or 40,268 people) are engaged in However, inAyedire LGA, manymore people (70% settlements, especiallyatOke-Oba area ofIwo town. the remaining (61.90%)reside in other surrounding which 3,523(38.10%)are resident inIwo town and Iwo, whichhasatotalof9,246farmingfamilies, 237.063 hectares oflandisavailable forfarmingin ture time farmers. A total either as full time or part the populationofAyedire LGA are engagedinagricul About 60%ofthepopulationIwo LGA and70%of fluctuations andinflation. ages and,thevagaries ofmarket suchforces asprice against suchnaturaldisastersasdrought, foodshort seeks to ensure that the State is adequately protected quantity andataffordable prices.The programme also availability offoodintheState ofOsun insufficient among others, forlocal consumption. This willensure ere are various markets thatoperateeitherdailyor on its main market days, market main its on Olukotun Market on Akaso Markets located in the core area as area core the in located Markets Akaso the Planning Area. Theseincludethe akt n bdn Road, Ibadan on Market

wie h Jankara, the while ; which - - Plates 11-14:Farm produce and other goods at the Odo Ori and Oja-Oba Markets Source: Consultants Survey, 2013 Chapter 3: Development Issues in Iwo Planning Area The principal State agency responsible for coordinating In order to enhance capacity in the agriculture and activities in this sector is the State of Osun Rural Enter- ancillary agro-allied industries, the state govern- prise and Agricultural Programme (O-REAP), which ment promoted the establishment of O-REAP as an 27 is mandated to promote agriculture reformation and upstream and downstream support institutions seeks economic growth and position the state as the food to increase household incomes for individuals engaged basket for the South West by producing 10% of the in the agriculture sector and other agro-allied indus- food market needs in Lagos through the following: tries. As farmers will be part of the formal sector, this will also lead to an increase in the internally generated ❚❚ Increasing the cultivation of arable crops such as revenue of the State through improved payment of maize, cassava, cowpea, vegetables, etc. for local taxes. consumption Other incentives have been given by the present ❚❚ Ensuring that food is available in the State of Osun administration to boost agricultural production in the in sufficient quantity and at affordable prices state include provision of support to 220 farmer groups under the Osun Broiler Out grower Scheme (OBOPS); ❚❚ Ensuring that the State is adequately protected empowerment of 28 Cooperative groups to plant 17 against natural disasters such as drought; food short- square kilometres of maize and 500 acres of vegetable ages; and the vagaries of the market place such as clusters, while 2000 farmers have been supported to price inflation. plant 1.3 million plantain suckers for refined plantain production. In all, a total of 10,698 acres of farmland ❚❚ Creating job opportunities for farmers through have been cultivated with the support of the State massive increase in agricultural production. Government of Osun.

❚❚ Creating agribusiness opportunities by linking The analysis of Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities farmers to consumer and industrial food markets for and Threats (SWOT) for Local Economic Develop- the selling of their produce ment issues in Iwo Planning Area are presented in Table 3.9. 28

Structure Plan For Iwo and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project Traditional Council of chiefs. The traditional institu- whose titleistheOluwo ofIwo, whopresides over his Traditionally, Iwo by theOba, Land(Kingdom)isruled Traditional Framework Governance tions andthelocalgovernment authorities. Planning Area consistsofboththetraditionalinstitu- in thecommunities,governance framework inthe areas. However, duetothestrong culturaltiesexisting which have beenfractured intoseveral localgovernment authority for administering towns and cities, many of in thecountry, amajorlacuna istheabsenceofasingle local governmentsand bothurbanrural co-exist administer governance atthelocal government levels nance. Thoughlocalgovernments were established to formal framework to address theissueofurbangover and localgovernment levels, there isnoprovision fora attheFederal,trative structure forthecountry state of Nigeria outlinesthethree-tier politicaladminis- While the 1999 Constitution of the Federal republic Institutional Framework strategies forurbanmanagement. tutionalization of appropriate policies, programs and of government aswell aseffective andefficientinsti adequate representation andresponsible structures and areliable electoralprocess thatgives wayfor and accountableinstitutions,democraticprinciples 2006). Generally governance emphasizes effective structure andasocialinvestment climate(World Bank infra- of basic services, including the delivery services, and exercise theauthoritytoprovide publicgoodsand which publicofficialsandinstitutionsacquire 1991). Similarly, governance refers tothemannerin manage society’s(World problems andaffairs Bank ical authorityandtheuseofinstitutionalresources to Governance hasbeendescribedas‘the exercise ofpolit 3.2.3 TABLE 3.9SWOTAnalysisLocalEconomicDevelopment STRENGTH SMIS andSMEs unemployed and to assistthe Ongoing programme activities and commercial promoting industrial commitment in Federal Government establishment scale commercial Existence ofsmall

GOVERNANCE WEAKNESSES developments and newtechnological valuable information Lack ofaccessto within residential areas Local industrieslocated information funds andvaluable Lack ofaccessto youth attracting 60-80%of Large informalsector

OPPORTUNITIES standard industrialestate for establishmentofa will makeprovision The structure plan to promote LEDinIwo commitment Government area are activeintheplanning notably UNICEF, andEU, Some donoragencies - - - electoral process, theLocalGovernments are currently and Councilorstorepresent politicalwards through an sion forelectionoftheLocal Government Chairman Though the1999 Federal Constitution makesprovi- Local Government in1976and1991respectively. Ayedire andOla Oluwa LGAs were created from Iwo has experiencedchanges.For instance,thepresent State Government. Over time,theLocalGovernment following theenactmentofEdict No 5ofthethenOyo metamorphosed into Iwo Local Government in 1976 The Iwo District Councilwas established in1940.This Administration Local Government towns onbehalfoftheOluwo. duties are toadministertheaffairsof respective district chiefs, allofwhoare appointedby theOluwo. Their by itsBaale (District Head) withacomplimentof about 81districtsortowns inIwo Land, eachheaded with eachcompoundheadedby aBaale. Also,there are Gidigbo), eachwhichismadeupofseveral compounds (Isalefour quarters Oba, Molete, Oke-Adan and For easeofadministration,Iwo town isdividedinto ation. Progressive Union and Olupona Development Associ Iwo environs are theKuta United Front, Ile-Ogbo of infrastructure facilities.Other similarorganswithin the area ofdevelopmental activitiessuchasprovision also assistedby theIwo Board of Trustees, especially in Chiefs) andtheAjagunna.The Oluwo inCouncilis These are the Royal Chiefs,theAlabere (Councilor The town operatesathree-tier chieftaincysystem. issues thatrelatetothedevelopmentoftown. of settling including other who Chiefs include High also area LGAs. Planning the traditional in tions The councils within Ayedire and Ola Oluwa Ola and Ayedire within councils THREATS policies government consistency in Lack of Lack ofresources power supply Inadequate Iwo Traditional Council comprises 14 comprises Council Traditional discharge various responsibilities, various discharge omnt dsue ad other and disputes community PRIORITY PROJECT Improve powersupply enterprises for smallandmedium Develop businessparks market Jankara andOjaAle especially OdoOri, Redesign oldmarkets for Iwo Develop industrialestate - headed by Executive Secretaries appointed by the State ix. Assessment of privately owned houses or Governor. Other political appointees who assist the tenements for the purpose of levying such rates Executive Secretary are the Deputy Executive Secretary as may be prescribed by the House of Assembly and the Scribe. The day-to-day administrative of a State; activi-ties of the Local Governments are coordinated x. Control and regulation of out-door advertising by Head of Local government Administration and hoarding, movement and keeping of pets (HLA), who is responsible to the Executive of all descriptions, shops, kiosks, restaurants, Secretary. bakeries, laundries and licensing, regulation and Administrative functions of the Iwo and Ayedire control of sale of liquor; Local Government Area Councils are organized and xi. Provision and maintenance of primary, adult and performed under nine departments. These are: Adminis- vocational education tration and General Purpose, Agriculture, Community xii. Development of agriculture and natural resources Development, Finance, Planning and Budgeting, other than the exploitation of materials Primary Health Care (PHC), Town Planning and Land xiii. Provision and maintenance of health services Services, Water Environment and Sanitation (WES) and Works Departments. Each of these departments is Source: Federal Republic of Nigeria (1999): 1999 Constitution of Nigeria headed by a Director who in most cases is professional and career officer. The constitutional responsibilities However, it is widely acknowledged that most Local of the Local Government as entrenched in the 1999 Governments have not been able to deliver adequately Constitution of Federal Republic of Nigeria (Fourth on several of their assigned responsibilities. Schedule, Section 7) are as follows: Resource mobilization i. Collection of rates; Sources of revenue available to Local Governments ii. Establishment and maintenance of cemeteries, fall broadly into two categories, namely internally and burial grounds and homes for the destitute or externally generated revenues. Local Government in infirm; the Planning Area depend primarily on revenues gener- iii. Licensing of bicycles, trucks (other than mechan- ated through vehicle license fees (hackney permits), ically propelled trucks), canoes, wheel barrows marriage registration, market levy, building permits

and carts; and statutory financial allocations from the federal and Chapter 3: Development Issues in Iwo Planning Area iv. Establishment, maintenance and regulation of state governments. slaughter houses, slaughter slabs, markets, motor parks and public conveniences; Revenue collection by local government from residents 29 v. Construction and maintenance of roads, streets, of Planning Area Iwo cannot be described as effective. street lightings, drains and other public highways, Analysis of local government budget estimates for the parks, gardens, open spaces etc.; three years period 2010, 2011, and 2012 revealed that vi. Naming of roads and streets and numbering of the proportion of the total income estimate accounted houses; for by Internally Generated Revenue (IGR) for each vii. Provision and maintenance of public conve- year was consistently low (Figs. 3.3 and 3.4) and the niences, sewage and refuse disposal; local governments appeared to depend primarily viii. Registration of all births, deaths and marriages; on Statutory Allocations from the Federal and State Government for the management of the city.

FIGURE 3.2 Iwo LGA Estimate of Income/Expenditure for period 2010–2012

2,500,000,000

) 2,000,000,000

1,500,000,000

Amount ( N 1,000,000,000

500,000,000

0 2010 2011 2012 Income 1,162,472,697.17 1,103,506,583.99 2,125,130,255.76 Expenditure 1,018,059,682.92 1,075,971,186.35 1,088,166,532.62 LG IGR 15,847,912.92 8,063,541.00 8,782,502.97 30

Structure Plan For Iwo and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project every month. Someevery oftheprojects include construc Youth andSports Development onthefirst Tuesday of ofCommunity,their meetingswiththeDepartment Associations (CDAs)inAyedire LGA. TheCDAshold and rangeofactivitiesby CommunityDevelopment There hasalsobeenasteadyincrease inthenumber as atSeptember 2013. had beencompletedandare awaiting commissioning of 80projects were on-going across the LGA, while 15 stalls andlockupstores provision amongothers.Atotal rehabilitation andprovision of health facilitiesmarket by theCDAsincludeelectricityextension,borehole a maximumof Development rangesfrom aminimum ofCommunity,the Department Youth andSports to each CDA whose project proposal is approved by mentation oftheirvarious self-helpprojects. Thegrant N Since 2010,Iwo LGA hasearmarked thesumof and UNFPA. and international donor agencies like UNICEF, EU, programmes fundedby theLGA, thestategovernment projects andproviding assistancetoimplementation LGA mainlythrough embarking onvarious self-help The CDAshave contributedtothedevelopment of Iwo opment oftheLocalGovernment. ofCommunity,Department Youth andSports Devel vibrant enlightenmentcampaigncarried out by the 2013.This increase wasattributedtoavigorous and rising from below 60in2007to113asatSeptember tions (CDAs)inIwo LGA hasgrown over theyears, The numberofCommunity Development Associa Performance andAccountability FIGURE3.3 3million annuallyasgrantstoassistCDAsinimple Amount (N) 1,000,000,000 1,500,000,000 2,000,000,000 2,500,000,000 2,000,000,000 3,500,000,000 LGIGR Expenditure Income 500,000,000 Ayedire LGAEstimateofIncome/Expenditure fortheperiod2010–2012 N 100,000.Projects embarked upon 0 1,355,017,336 1,355,017,336 30,000,000 2010 N 50,000 to 1,794,814,010 1,794,814,010 - - - - 30,000,000 2011 An on-goingsensitizationcampaignhasfocused Oshinmoyin. tion ofshoppingcomplexatOyatedo/Keja inKuta and western socialsecuritysystem. incorporating the work componentintothetraditional scheme hasbeencommended by the World Bank for ment, restiveness andcriminaltendencies.Assuch,the economy, isexpectedtoreduce youth unemploy being adeliberateprogramme toenergize theState’s tive enterprises.Theempowerment from scheme,apart will be deployed thereafter tomore organized produc works, security, teachingandtrafficmanagement and from publicsanitation, in activitiesvarying teers ineightyears. The OYES volunteers are engaged ultimately aimed toempower 80,000ormore volun State. The scheme recently thesecond batch recruited in 2010torecruit 20,000youth volunteers across the is arevolving two-year volunteer schemeintroduced Youth Empowerment Scheme(O-YES) Area istheyouth empowerment programme with respect tourbangovernance inthePlanning Another notableinitiative by theState Government deep wells. ofhand-pumpoperatedboreholesconstruction and enteritis. The LGA is alsomaking provision for the include cholera, typhoid and gastro these interventions boreholes are functional.Health issuesaddressed under in thearea ofwaterprovision where 20%oftheexisting (EU), the State and the Federal Government especially from UNICEF,also interventions theEuropean Union to smallloansboosttheirvarious trades.There are cooperative societieswhere theycanhave easyaccess on encouragingcitizens, especially women,toform 3,226,600,000 3,226,600,000 30,000,000 2012 . TheO-YES Osun - - - Capacity building iii. Provision of policy statement articulating the The critical development issues relating to urban gover- vision of the local government nance in the Iwo planning Area include: The analysis of trengths,S Weaknesses, Opportu- i. Appointment of representatives at the local nities and Threats (SWOT) Analysis for Urban government level by the citizens through a Governance issues in Iwo Planning Area are democratic electioneering process; presented in Table3.10. ii. Training and re-training of local government staff for effective and efficient internal revenue generation strategies; and,

TABLE 3.10 SWOT Analysis on Urban Governance

STRENGTHS WEAKNESSES OPPORTUNITIES THREATS PRIORITY PROJECT Willingness of • Inadequate • Scope for improving • Over centralization • Enact enabling Communities in the funding of Local access to land of power, roles State planning laws, LGAs to participate Governments. through participatory and resources at policies and land in governance. planning strategies. the Federal and use standards and State levels, institutions for urban thereby limiting governance especially the performance at the municipal/local of LGs. government level. Existence of • Inadequate staffing • State government's • Lack of funds and • Establish and promote governance of LGs, Zonal offices readiness to poor participatory participatory planning structures at state, and over-staffing of mobilise support planning, and budgeting. local and community the State Ministry. for participatory budgetary levels. allocation governence and resource mobilization, monitoring and evaluation. Chapter 3: Development Issues in Iwo Planning Area High regards for • Lack of • Federal and State • Absence • Implement cultural norms and understanding and Governments’ new of effective sensitization traditional rulers. non-adoption of initiatives aimed at institutional and programme and 31 elements of good improving governance policy frameworks promote adoption of urban governance, and promote good for governance at values. such as transparency, governance at the the Municipal and accountability and L.G.As level. LGA .levels. citizens’ participation by agencies. Commitment of • Over centralization of • State House of • Lack of political • Establish New state government decision making and Assembly already will and continuity Institutional to effect change resources at state considering new laws of policies and framework for level. related to urban programmes. implementing plan. • Lack of data and planning • Corruption in • Establish Programme poor record keeping. government at all Management • Poor project levels. Committees (Policy implementation and and Technical lack of continuity. Committees) as a • Harmful traditional way of ensuring norms discriminating participation. against women. • Institute a new • Inadequate revenue generation administrative and accounting framework for urban system. governance. • Strengthening • High crime rates and institutional capacity insecurity for promoting good urban governance. 32

Structure Plan For Iwo and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project TABLE 3.11 as effectiveness inhandlingcasesofviolenceagainst when reported, thecasesare nothandledwithdispatch violence againstwomenisnotusuallyreported and ofJusticethe Ministry to push thebill. Domestic of the Ministry Women Affairsiscollaboratingwith forms ofviolenceagainstwomenhasbeendraftedand ipation inpubliclife.ABill ontheprotection ofall than culture per se places a barrier on women’s partic revealed thattheapplicationofculturalbeliefsrather Interaction withtraditionalauthoritieshowever for genderissues. have focalpersons ment Councils.Thesedepartments Education andSocial Welfare of theLocalGovern addressed by of staffofthe Departments Health, At theLocalgovernment level, genderissuesare based groups. womenareopportunities, encouragedtoformissue- of the Ministry Women Affairs. To access some of these toenhancewomen’sundertaken accesstoresources at of genderequality. Various programmes are alsobeing social, traditional and cultural practices and promotion maternal health,eliminationofallformsharmful promotion of safeand responsible motherhood and Support programmes by thewomen’s agencies include the ministry. Gender Policy isconsultedasaguidetoactivitiesin inthelocalgovernments.departments The National of Social Welfare hasalsoestablished Women-focused as well as socialissuesinthestate.The Department coordination ofprogrammes forwomenandchildren, Women Affairsand Social Development, chargedwith Government of Osun established the State of Ministry To address genderissuesindevelopment, theState the Bill ofJustice. fordomesticationwiththeMinistry of but the Ministry Women Affairs iscollaborating on However CEDAW has not been domesticated in Osun Federation are therefore obligedtorespect thetreaty. ratified onthe13thof June 1985.Allstatesofthe signed thetreaty onthe23rd April 1984anditwas Nigeriathe politicalandpubliclifeofcountry…” measures toeliminatediscriminationagainstwomenin (CEDAW) require countriesto“take allappropriate Elimination ofallformsDiscrimination Women Treaty obligationsundertheConvention onthe 3.2.4 GENDER Total Iwo Ayedire LGA Pupils’Enrollment inPublicSchoolswithinIwoPlanningArea 15,877 10,959 4,918 Male 2009/2010 Female 16,723 11,231 5,492 - - there isnofemaleamongthe26membersofState senting theState intheHouse ofRepresentative. Also, there is only one female among the members repre ment Executive Secretaries inthestate isawomanand are women.However, onlyoneofthe31LocalGovern Governor andthe32Permanent Secretaries inthestate while five eachamongthe14Special Advisers tothe members oftheState Executive Councilare women more widelyinvolved ingovernance andsixofthe20 sation inIwo. At thestatelevel, however, womenare the localgovernment level underthepresent dispen There are nofemalesamongpoliticalappointeesat Iyalode. school to give birth andtakecareschool togive birth of children. female children becomepregnant anddrop outof schoollevel. Thisisbecauseinmanycases, primary most cases female children do not go far beyond the At thecitylevel, however, statisticsindicatethatin (Table schoollevel differs atthesecondary 3.12). has adequateaccesstoeducation,thoughthesituation This impliesthatthegirlchildin Iwo Planning Area male enrolment figure was higher than for the females. tion ofthe2012/2013sessioninIwo LGA, whenthe was higherthanformales(Table 3.11)withtheexcep academic sessionsindicatethatgirl-childenrollment schools forthe2009/2010,2010/2011and2012/2013 Government onpupilenrollment inpublicprimary have accesstoeducation.Available datafrom theState In theIwo Planning Area, bothmalesand females Gender andEducation representing theState isfemale. House of Assembly and none of the three Senators are the forwomen chieftaincytitlesreserved Other honorary women onlyinIwo asobtainsinthe Yoruba culture. men. However, there isthe cantly lower numerical strength in the council than the decision makingprocesses, thoughtheyare ofsignifi town unions. Women therefore inthe alsoparticipate including thelevel ofthe different levels ofgovernance withintheircommunities Women inIwo Planning Area are represented at Gender andGovernance central nature ofthecriminaladministrationsystem. women maysometimesbecompromised duetothe 33,370 18,541 14,829 Male Iyaloja 2010/2011 (head ofthemarket women)and Female 34,223 18,821 15,402 Oba Iyalode 15,402 10,178 5,224 inCouncilandthe Male lineage reserved for lineagereserved 2012/2013 Female 15,722 10,056 5,666 Otun - - - - - TABLE 3.12 Student enrollment in public secondary schools in Iwo Planning Area

IWO LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA 2008/09 2009/10 2010/11 2011/12 2012/13 Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female JSS 4733 4549 4180 3765 4207 3861 3482 3393 3746 3935 JSS/SS 6227 5689 1406 1048 1414 1118 1285 1092 433 345 SS 2938 3026 2611 3157 2748 3437 2721 2984 2416 2559 TOTAL 13898 13264 8197 7970 8369 8416 7488 7469 6595 6839 AYEDIRE LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA 2008/09 2009/10 2010/11 2011/12 2012/13 Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female JSS 857 732 859 747 737 755 708 686 799 772 JSS/SS 682 655 717 661 743 626 781 644 613 524 SS 764 708 777 754 823 749 813 699 743 606 TOTAL 2303 2095 2353 2162 2303 2130 2302 2029 2155 1902

Source: State Government of Osun

Gender and Health Gender and Agriculture Responsibility for basic primary and secondary health Women in Iwo planning Area are deeply involved facilities lie concurrently with the State and Local in processing of agricultural products, such as palm Governments. At the community level in Iwo and produce and cassava. Although these activities are

its environs, a survey suggests that minimal attention usually at the small scale level, most of the operations Chapter 3: Development Issues in Iwo Planning Area is placed on children and women’s health. The state are carried out manually. hospital is not adequately staffed and this presents considerable costs and emotional stress to women and 33 children. While some are able to access medical treat- ment through private hospitals, many others consult traditional health care providers.

Plates 15-16: Women engaged in agro activities processing Garri and Palm oil Source: Consultants Survey, 2013 34

Structure Plan For Iwo and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project and theirdomesticactivities. intheinformal sector economy through participation these constraints, women contributeimmensely to the ties constrain the advancement of women. Despite projects, low capacityandpooraccesstosocialameni- low.remains very Factors suchassources offundingfor of policies atthestateMinistry Women Affairsstill women’s awareness onissuesofgender, especiallythe inpolitics.Inparticipation Iwo however, thelevel of mainstreaming, equityandequality, aswell aswomen Gender Policy toplacepriorityfocusongender isalsoworking inlinewiththe The ministry National TABLE 3.13SWOTAnalysisGender romote peaceandharmonyinhomes romote economicgrowth by empowering iv. reate asocietyfree from abuseagainst women iii. romote childwelfare anddevelopment ii. i. are, to: ministry women. Thefourdevelopment actionpillarsofthe include the provision of equipment and soft loans to capacity trainingandbuildingseminars.Others powerment ofwomenthrough advocacy, workshops, number ofpoliciesandstrategiestofightthenon-em forThe Ministry Women Affairshasdeveloped a Gender andEmpowerment develop for various purposes. independent are abletopurchase landwhichtheycan many other Yoruba towns, awomanwhoisfinancially to inheritlandfrom theirparents orhusbands.Asin Women inIwo Planning Area, likethemen,are allowed Gender andAccesstoLand development promotion ofgenderin reduction strategyand of Osunpoverty Adoption ofState promoting genderissues Local agenciesfor Existence ofStateand Development Policy onGenderand (CEDAW) andNational laws andcommitments Existence ofinternational STRENGTHS societies. women and children P P C P • WEAKNESSES • • women indevelopment limit theeffectiveness of cultural normswhich Undue adherence to budgeting to landuseplanningand Non-inclusive approach finance forwomen Lack ofaccesstolandand - • • OPPORTUNITIES • action adopt affirmtive Willingness to Osun SEEDS adopted for approach the inclusive Building on Women Affairs Ministry for Establsihment of Area ispresented in Table 3.13. and Threats (SWOT) Gender Issues in Iwo Planning Analysis oftheStrengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities ncreasing incentives forwomeninAgricul vii. rovision ofSocial Security forneedywidows rovision ofaccessiblepotablewatertoall. vi. v. nactment ofprotective lawsforwomenand iv. iii. rovision ofadequatehealthfacilitiesespecially romotion ofeducationalandenlightenment ii. i. Gender PriorityIssues nity development inIwo anditsenvirons. critical andnotableroles inthepromotion ofcommu- through outreaches andworkshops. Women alsoplay at thelocallevel provide capacitybuildingandlegalaid tions (CBOs) andotherprofessional bodiesespecially organizations (NGOs), CommunityBased Organiza the localgovernment level. Also,non-governmental inpromoting womenaffairsat partners been worthy Faith-based organizations, churches and mosques have chemicals. facilities, equipment,improved seedlingsand ture andtradethrough theprovision ofcredit this purpose. through theestablishmentofaspecialfundfor and female-headedhouseholdswhoare jobless people. local government level that are accessibletothe children andeffective implementation. emphasis onmaternityandchildhealthcare. other health with workers)special and drugs in theareas ofpersonnel(nurses,doctorsand programmes ingenderanddevelopment. I P P Establishment ofskillacquisitioncentres at E P P • • • THREATS and religion culture, tradition male dominated adherence to Continuing programmes projects and to implement Lack offunds practices traditional to harmful adherence continued change and Resistance to • • • PRIORITY PROJECT Capacity building budgeting Promote gender land tenure poor approach to Adoption ofpro- - - STRENGTHS WEAKNESSES OPPORTUNITIES THREATS PRIORITY PROJECT Existence of educated • Gender imbalance • HIV/AIDS stigma • Resource women, women groups, tilting towards women and related mobilization for community, NGOS and in education and in negative attitude projects CBOs contributing to governance • Promote ‘girl child’ development • High child and maternal education mortality rates • Promote equitable • Non-existence of gender distribution of disaggregated data education, health • Lack of equitable and communal distribution of the facilities to ensure available and inadequate easy access for basic services which inhibit women and easy access of women and children to these children to school, water facilities supply and health facilities.

3.2.5 HERITAGE Ifa, Sango (the god of thunder), Ogun (the god of iron), Obatala (the sky-god), Orisa Oko (the agriculture god), Heritage sites in the State are not often adequately Esu (the evil one) and Egungun. Other cultural heritage acknowledged as valuable resources in most cities, due that can be found within the Plannng Area include to a general failure to recognise cities as not simply various masquerades and the shrines of Orisala, Ogun, places where people live and work, but as legacies that Oranmiyan, Esu, Osun, Sango, Osalasa, Osa Balogun, are visual expressions and symbols of culture, history Orisa-Oko and Oke. Also, there is Olujiya pond at and tradition. Consequently, the cultural wealth of Laapo. cities, especially in developing countries, is frequently ignored, neglected or destroyed and historic architec- The Egungun festival, which is usually celebrated in tural artefacts are often allowed to deteriorate beyond the months of July/August, attracts people from repair. Meanwhile, these elements are resources with distant places like Lagos, Port-Harcourt and Abidjan Esu Awara deep intrinsic value for the city as a whole, the popula- in Cote d’Ivoire. is also said to attract Chapter 3: Development Issues in Iwo Planning Area tion at large and for the well-being and sustainability of people from these places. Ibayin and Oke-Ori festivals the entire community. are celebrated once a year in the month of March. When the Oro festival is being celebrated, women 35 In Iwo, as is typical in all Yoruba cities, the Palace of are forbidden to leave their homes as they are not Oluwo of Iwo Land is a prominent heritage legacy permitted to set eyes on the masquerade and its in the city. Several local gods and godesses are worshippers. Another notable site in Iwo is the worshipped by adherents of traditional religions and Oluwere shrine in Ile-Ogbo. these include

Plate 17: Main Entrance to Bowen University, Iwo 36

Structure Plan For Iwo and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project properties areproperties however notavailable. Areas along major along thefloodplains. Information onlossesoflife and ofthecity,affects manyparts especiallythebuildings River among others. The most frequently affected is the around Okefa, Adeke, Anifalaje,Feesu, Odo-Ori for residentsduring the rainy season particularly living Flooding isamajoryearly environmental problem Flooding premises amongothers. Thursday. This exercise covers themarket places,bank tors between thehoursof7:00amand10:00amon exercise by commercial andbusinesspremises opera weekly environmental sanitation is thecompulsory the hoursof7:00amand10:00am.Similarly, there exercise onthelastSaturday monthbetween ofevery State enforces amonthlyenvironmental sanitation ment, especiallyinthetraditionalresidential areas. The pollution emanatingmostlyfrom poorwastemanage residents ofIwo anditsenvirons includefloodingand The majorenvironmental problems confronting 3.2.6 Area ispresented in Table 3.14. and Threats (SWOT) Heritage Issues in Iwo Planning Analysis oftheStrengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities TABLE 3.14SWOTANALYSIS HeritageandHistoricSites STRENGTH heritage on culture and policy government Existence of cultural events preservation of committed to Community and shrinesinIwo and culturalinterests places ofhistoric resources suchas Existence ofheritage

Yanyanun, ENVIRONMENT which flows through thecityand Plates 18-19:MasqueradeduringtheannualEgungunFestivalinIwoandOluwere ShrineinIle-Ogbo WEAKNESSES heritage sites and maintenanceof Poor development OPPORTUNITIES developing tourism High potentialfor - - which have responsibility forwastemanagement,lack is poorlyexecuted inIwo. Thelocalgovernments, and disposal of solid wastes Collection, transportation Solid Waste Management products. traders likemusicvendors ofother andadvertisers churches tocalltheiradherents toworship andby external loudspeakersmountedby mosquesand into thecity. Noise pollutionisalsoexperiencedfrom on market dayswhenthere isahighinfluxof vehicles buses isacommonphenomenoninthecity, usually Pollution from exhaustpipesofheavy vehicles and highcontentofpolythenematerials is common. very tion whilethepracticeofburningheapsrefuse with wastes insidethedrainsalsocauseslandandairpollu- open dumpsare locatedindiscriminately. Dumping of some degree inthesub-urbanresidential areas where residential areas of the city. Air pollution is also felt to open waste dumps are common in the traditional ence foulodoremanatingfrom thesites.Designated close todesignatedopenwastedumpswhichexperi Air quality in the city is generallygoodexcept inareas Environmental pollution season. rivers inthecityare usuallymarshyduringtherainy THREATS Lack ofresources culture on modernization Effect of PRIORITY PROJECTS ensure Resource mobilization Improve Capacitybuildingand tourism Promote theheritagesitesfor landscape improvement of heritagesitesinclude Rehabilitation andconservation - Plate 20: Open waste dump site (Aatan) within the core residential area of Iwo

the technical capacity to carry out this function effec- With several agencies having different roles to play tively. Waste dumps are also major sites for breeding in management of the environment, responses to rodents and other disease carrying vectors. The popular environmental issues are generally uncoordinated. methods of waste disposal include open dumps, There is therefore a need for role clarification among

burning and dumping inside drains during the rains or the various agencies with responsibility for environ- Chapter 3: Development Issues in Iwo Planning Area when it is about to rain. mental protection. In all cases, in order to address the gross shortage of technical manpower and logistics Unfortunately, the wastes gathered in the markets limitations, greater involvement of the private sector in 37 during weekly sanitation exercises are not properly environmental management will be encouraged. collected after the exercise. Poor solid waste management therefore constitutes a major health hazard and At the state level, there are institutions whose area is responsible for unsightly scenes around the city. In of operation do not extend beyond the state capital general, there is no discernible system of solid waste territory. Hence, these institutions do not have power management in Iwo and no evidence of legally acquired to oversee the environmental issues in other cities. sites for waste disposal or a sanitary landfill. Similarly, at the local government there are Depart- ments of Water and Sanitation, Town Planning and Soil erosion and environmental degradation Land Matters as well as Health with responsibility The absence of adequate drainage has left a terrible for functions related to issues of the environment. In landmark of erosion features in some parts of the town essence, there are overlaps in the oversight functions of and there is extensive soil erosion in areas like Feesu, these departments at the local government level. Agoro, Odo-Oba, Anifalaje, Adeke among others. At the local government level, which has constitutional Institutional and legislative framework responsibility for solid waste management, the Depart- The policies, legislative and institutional ment of Water and Sanitation is saddled with task of frameworks for environmental protection are well solid managing waste generated in the city. However, developed at the federal and state levels, but due to limitations in respect of the caliber of avail- unfortunately, fall short of expectations at the able staff (academic and professional qualifications local government level where negative impacts are and experience) and inadequate equipment, effective mostly felt. Regulation of environmental activities management of waste is not achieved. Also, because begins at the federal level with the Federal solid waste management is considered a social service, Ministry of Environment and its parastatals while no amount of money is recovered from service charges. relevant agencies at the state level include the Ministry of Environment and Sanitation, Ministry Environmental management projects currently being of Lands, Physical Planning and Urban implemented in Iwo by the state government include: Development, the Osun State Waste Management Authority and O-CLEAN. 38

Structure Plan For Iwo and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project TABLE 3.15SWOTAnalysisonEnvironment ❚ ❚ ❚ Environment PriorityIssues ❚ ❚ ecological funds projects through for environmental provides funding Federal government STRENGTH use planning environment andland agencies for Existence ofstate ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ from waste generators; household level andrecovery thestipulatedcosts insolidwastecollectionatthe sector participation Engagement by the Local Government with private solid wastemanagement; mance andacquisitionofequipmentforeffective and Environmental Sanitation for improved- perfor Upgrading of capacityoftheDepartment Water poor environmental managementhabits; enment programme forresidents ofIwo tocorrect Embarking onenvironmental educationandenlight- environment. adequate drains to reduce floodingoftheurban of10kilometresConstruction lengthofroad with flood andtheattendantlossoflives andproperty; Channelization ofmajorstreams/rivers toprevent • • • • • WEAKNESSES • • • • environmental issues awareness of Low public Lack ofequipment environmental issues Poor fundingof private sector community and partnership between Poor promotion of unqualified staff Inadequate and sterile environment Poor urbanand pollution Environmental disposal sites forsolidwaste of approved dump with non-provision wastes coupled solid andliquid Poor disposalof in theL.G.A various departments LGAs andwithinthe between stateand State governments, between Federaland arrangements institutional working Uncoordinated • OPPORTUNITIES projects environmental implement develop and resources to Fund anddonor Access toEcological Planning Area are presented in Table3.15. and Threats (SWOT) ofenvironmental issuesin Iwo The analysisof Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ organizations inwastemanagement. Involvement ofcommunitiesandcivilsociety (EIA) and Town Planning Regulations; Enforcement of Environmental Impact Assessment neighborhoodinIwo;in every Teams (VCAT) toactasenvironmental watchdog Establishment of Voluntary CommunityAction mental sanitationlaws; Enactment andenforcement ofappropriate environ tors by the LocalGovernment; Re-introduction inspec- ofsanitary/environmental environs; solid wastemanagementsystemtocover Iwo and Local Government istoplananddesignanintegrated • • • • THREATS Lack ofresources environmental disaster plan formanaging Lack ofpreparedness environmental projects resources for Lack of/inadequate level the LocalGovernment Lack ofcapacityat • • • • • • PRIORITY PROJECT Agenda MDGs andHabitat of SEEDS,LEEDS, achieve thegoals Structure Planto Focusing the projects mobilization for Resource management environmental for effective Build theCapacity environs. for Iwoandits management plan solid waste Implement improvement urban landscape implement Develop and governance environmental for improved urban forum Establish local - 3.2.7 BASIC URBAN SERVICES (2,724m³/day). The scheme was designed to provide water to the whole of Iwo Land. However, due to the Basic urban services discussed in this section comprise low level of output, most water taps in the area have water supply, educational and health facilities, storm remained dry for many years and residents have largely water drainage and power and energy. depended on wells (shallow, hand-dug), streams and boreholes for their domestic supply. Most of these wells Institutional set-up and boreholes are provided through the intervention The state government of Osun has several agencies/ of politicians, international donors (European Union) ministries/Parastatals charged with the responsibility among others. Others sources of potable water for of providing basic social services to both rural and residents are sachet and bottled water. urban dwellers, though some of them have over-lap- ping Functions. The agencies/ministries/Parastatals are Educational Facilities Ministries of Health, Education, Works and Transport, All levels of Nigerian educational facilities are available Lands, Physical Planning and Urban Development, in Iwo Planning Area, ranging from well-equipped Sanitation and the State Water Corporation among kindergartens, nursery schools, primaries schools, others. There also national agencies like the PHCN secondary schools and tertiary institutions like Bowen and the Nigerian Railways. University, which is located in Iwo. There are60 public primary schools in Iwo LGA and 33 in Ayedire LGA. The State of Osun is also making concerted efforts Many of the public schools are in deplorable condi- toward provision of basic urban services through tions. However, the State Government of Osun has collaboration with the private sector and fostering embarked on the construction of “Mega” schools in the partnerships with donor agencies such as UN Habitat, town to cater for the growing educational needs of the EU, World Bank and ADB. people, especially at the primary and secondary levels.

Water Supply Health Facilities The principal source of water supply to Iwo Planning There are a total of 70 health facilities in Iwo LGA Area is the Iwo Water Works, which was commissioned and27 in Ayedire LGA respectively. Survey however in 1957 with an installation capacity of 9,080m³/day revealed that there are inadequate personnel in the

and currently operates at 30% of installed capacity public owned health facilities in these local government Chapter 3: Development Issues in Iwo Planning Area

39 FIGURE 3.4 Existing Urban Services in Iwo Planning Area 40

Structure Plan For Iwo and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project Urban are: Services the delivery, operation andmaintenanceofBasic Some ofthemajorcapacity building issuesregarding Capacity building mobilize adequatefundstoexecute urbanprojects. needs istobeaddressed toenablethe local governments ities togeneratefundsisconsidered generallyweak and However, thecapacityoflocalgovernment author ❚ ❚ ❚ services: functions including the provision of basicurban following sources offundstoexecute theirmajor The Localgovernment authorities rely largelyonthe Resource mobilizationforBUS relatively Osogbo theState capital.Thesupplyofelectricityis Power andEnergy are alsoknown toberendering healthservices. churches and Islamic clericspopularlyknown as“Alfas” authorities. However, traditional ‘healers’ and spiritual have been carriedoutactively by thelocalgovernment and Oral Rehydration Therapy(ORT) programme like theExpanded Programme onImmunization (EPI) areas. Several communityhealthoutreach programmes the transformers. and The cables insufficient shortage, Company Distribution supply power of shortfall make for up make to plants national grid through Electricity supply in Iwo isdirectly linked to the ❚ ❚ ❚ partners andprivate entities, partners Grants, donationsandloansfrom development Monthly federalallocation Internally generatedrevenue need forelectricityshedding. vial tasomr ae vr odd hence loaded over are transformers available o ih hm The them. with do regular Plates 21-22:SecondarySchoolindeplorableconditionandnewoneunderConstructionIwoPlanningArea but those the 33KV transmission line from s ae wt manpower with faced is who can afford generating bdn Electricity Ibadan - Major priorities ❚ ❚ ❚ 3.16. is presentedprofiling in of urban basic services Table ties and Threats (SWOT) of data collected from the The analysis of Strengths, - Weaknesses, Opportuni ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ sectors. the agencies involved inthebasic urban services andinfrastructureLack ofappropriate across support ment level onprovision of urbanservices decision makingbodiesatthestateandlocalgovern Limited understandingamonglegislatorsandother sector sional staffinbasicurbanservices Low capacityandabsenceoftrainingforprofes ties. Provision ofpubliccemeteriesinmajorcommuni Embarking onthedevelopment ofstandard libraries private school Provision ofmore qualifiedteachersinpublicand for thepeopleofIwo anditsenvirons service for effective, efficientandqualitative health Undertaking acomprehensive healthsectorreform management system Establishing anintegratedandefficientsolidwaste Widening ofnarrow roads intheurbancore and itsenvirons Provision of intra-urban mass transit system in Iwo of Iwo town Provision ofregular electricitysupplyinmostareas Provision ofpotablewaterinmostareas ofIwo town - - - TABLE 3.16 SWOT Analysis on Basic Urban Services

STRENGTH WEAKNESSES OPPORTUNITIES THREATS PRIORITY PROJECT Agencies exist for Poor maintenance The structure plan will Resistance to Construct new schools, provision of school, culture of provide an enormous change health, water and health, water, infrastructural facilities opportunity to correct sanitation facilities sanitation, roads and imbalance in the provision electricity of basic services Existence of limited Inadequate provision for Lack of political Rehabilitate existing involvement of and skewed distribution Promotion of public-private will school, health, water community, NGOs of schools and health partnership in the provision and sanitation facilities and private sector in facilities in Iwo and of water, health and provision of school, Ayedire LGAs sanitation health and sanitation services Epileptic power supply Rehabilitate and and poor distribution upgrade old electricity network facilities and provide new infrastructure in Iwo Chapter 3: Development Issues in Iwo Planning Area

Plate 23: Road under reconstruction with provision of drainage channels in Iwo

3.2.8 TRANSPORTATION town and its environs are maintained by the Local Government Council. Most of these roads are however The road networks in Iwo can be classified under two in deplorable condition and in need of repair. broad categories, in terms of either capacity or ownership. With respect to capacity, there are two major The different modes of transportation in operation in classes of roads; the primary distributors and, the Iwo are the motorcycle “Okada,” tricycles, mini-buses access roads, while the three recognized types of roads and taxis with motor parks located strategically at Odo based on ownership are; the Federal, the State and the Ori, Paku, Adeke and Kara among others. However, Local Government roads. Federal roads include the improvements are required in the quality of available Iwo-Gbongan Road and Iwo-Oyo Road, while the transport infrastructure and equipment while there is State roads include Ibadan-Iwo-Osogbo Road and need for training for operators of commercial motor- Iwo-Ogbagbaa-Awo Road. Access roads within the cycles in Iwo. 42

Structure Plan For Iwo and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project guaranteed. mised andthesafetyoflives wasnot andproperties safer thaninprevious years whensecuritywascompro- andpeople nowfor SARSsecuritysurveillance feel Recently, thestategovernment purchased ahelicopter to monitorthesecuritysituationinstate. for patrol by the Special Squad Anti-Robbery (SARS) ment haspurchased more than150securityvehicles growth, development andprogress. The State Govern Adequate securityengenderspeaceandconsequently 3.2.9 Table 3.17. issuesispresentedprofiling ofkeytransportation in ties and Threats (SWOT) of data collected from the The analysis of Strengths, - Weaknesses, Opportuni TABLE 3.17SWOTAnalysisTransportation FIGURE3.5ExistingTransportation NetworkinIwoPlanningArea STRENGTH services upgrade basic commitment to Recent government

URBAN SAFETY WEAKNESSES and poormaintenance construction standards inadequate designand Poor road networks, OPPORTUNITIES system Existing road network - three broad groups. committed inthePlanning Area alsocutacross these not inGroup AandorGroup B(Table 3.18).Crimes and otheroffenses persons; offensesagainstproperty; types (Badiora 2012).These comprise offences against have beengenerallycategorized intothree broad Crimes generally committed in the State of Osun huge fueldumpbutithasnow beenabandoned. operate functionally, including a giant generator and a centrestate. The state ofthe art wasfully equipped to (NCC) establishedanEmergency CallCentre inthe In 2009, the Nigeria Communications Commission THREATS Lack ofresources PRIORITY PROJECT regular maintenance standards andensure new roads tohigh Design andconstruct old roads Redesign andrehabilitate TABLE 3.18 Categories of crimes committed in the State of Osun

CATEGORY DESCRIPTION A Offences against persons Murder, Manslaughter, Attempted murder, Suicide, Attempted suicide, Grievous harm and wounding, Assault, Child stealing, Slave dealing, Rape and indecent assault, Kidnapping and Unnatural offences. B Offences against Armed robbery, Demanding with menace, Thefts and other stealing, Burglary, Store properties breaking, obtaining by false pretense, Cheating, Forgery, Receiving stolen property, Unlawful possession and Arson C Other offenses not in A Forgery of currency notes, Coining offence, Gambling, Breach of public peace, Perjury, and or B Bribery and Corruption and Escaping from lawful custody.

Source: Badiora (2012)

The most common among these crimes are hooliganism, storms, fire and other devastating incidences across attempted murder, rape, kidnapping, armed robbery, the 30 LGAs of the state. Similarly, a complementary thefts and other forms of stealing and burglary. Others Local Emergency Management Committee (LEMC) are cheating, receiving stolen property, gambling, as to address local emergency issues has been established well as land fraud and drug related offenses. in the two LGAs within the Planning Area. The local committee also receives relief materials and support Institutional set-up from the National Emergency Management Agency The security system/apparatus in Iwo could be grouped (NEMA) at the Federal level. Such relief materials and into three categories. These are the police, the vigilante support are usually received after due assessment of the groups and the local initiatives. The vigilante groups prevailing situation after such emergencies as flooding operate as a collaboration between concerned citizens and wind storms. and the police, while the vigilante groups are financed and equipped by the local government. The local The Local Emergency Management Committee security initiative is mainly made up of traditional comprises the Departments of Social Development,

hunters, who are financed by the landlords’ association Works, Environment, Health, Red Cross, Federal Chapter 3: Development Issues in Iwo Planning Area in each neighborhood. The combination of these three Road Safety Commission (FRSC), Nigerian Security groups has been able to provide a reasonable degree of and Civil Defense Corps (NSCDC) among others. The security for both lives and properties in Iwo. committee operates under the leadership of the Local 43 Government Chairman or the Deputy Chairman by However, there are also a number of security challenges delegated authority. About N5 million is received which can be addressed by provision of relevant equip- annually by the Committee from Local Government ment and facilities, such as Police patrol vans, desktop/ budgetary allocations and other special funds for major laptop computers and GSM phones to enable the relief interventions across the communities of the security operatives to combat criminal activities effec- LGAs. tively and efficiently. In order to appropriately address the adverse impacts 3.2.10 DISASTER RISK REDUCTION of both natural and human induced disasters and promote the resilience of urban areas in the State, The State of Osun has a vibrant State Emergency including Iwo and environs, against disasters, a project Management Agency (SEMA) headed by a General involving the dredging of streams, rivers and canals Manager with a mandate to embark on emergency across the state has been carried out in response to early prevention, mitigation, building preparedness and warning signals issued by the Nigerian Meteorological embarking on relief response in collaboration with Agency (NIMET). Hence, during the extensive rainfall other relevant stakeholders. Other major stakeholders in the year 2012, the State of Osun was one of the few include government ministries, departments and flood-free states across the country and several lives and agencies, non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs), properties were saved through this proactive step. Community Based Organizations (CBOs), Faith Based Organizations (FBOs) and organized private sector Other disaster prevention activities embarked upon operators. The day-to-day activity of SEMA is coordi- by the State Government are implementation of nated under the leadership of the office of the State tree-planting exercises as well as public awareness Deputy Governor. programmes through the mass media (radio and televi- sion jingles), community development associations Osun SEMA was established through a state legisla- and traditional institutions among others. tive bill. The agency receives budgetary allocation to embark on human and material capacity building as well as emergency intervention during flooding, wind 44

Structure Plan For Iwo and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project 04

URBAN FORMS AND ALTERNATIVE GROWTH PATTERNS FOR IWO PLANNING AREA 46

Structure Plan For Iwo and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project confusion and unnecessary travel demand. confusion andunnecessary land useplanningontheotherhandbringschaosand day toactivitiesinthatcity. Lackofadequate efficiency, intermsof outof movement andcarrying is properly integratedwithlanduse.Thisbringsabout by the community. In addition public transportation are locatedwhereservices theycanbeeasily accessed as markets andretail shops,schoolsandothersocial vein, usesthatrequire great accesstofunctionsuch while incompatibleusesare separated.In thesame land uses are groupedand complementary together settlement. With adequateplanning,compatible determine issuesofefficiencyandfunctioninthat agencies. Thewaythelandusesare arrangedwill based ondecisionsofindividuals,organisationsand Functional landuse considerations in any city are local, regional, nationaloreven global. turing anddistributionwhoselinkagesmaybe Yet othersare productive activitiesrelating tomanufac andleisure),sports orspecialneedssuchashealthcare. are institutionalandirregular, shapedby lifestyle(e.g. predictable, such ascommuting and shopping.Others activities, becausetheyoccurregularly andare thus a spatialimprint.Some landuseformsare routine locations and are ofactivitysystems which have part and distribution.Thesefunctionstakeplaceatspecific tude offunctions,suchasproduction, consumption economic, socialorculturalactivitiesimplyamulti eral areas have lower levels ofaccumulation.Most corresponding land uses, such as retail, while periph areas have ahighlevel ofspatialaccumulationand relates toarea oflandbuilt.For instance,central 2009). Theformer relates tolocation,whilethelatter and concentrationofthevarious landuses(Rodrigue, of spatialaccumulation,which indicates the intensity where activitiesare takingplace.Thesecondisthe First isthe Essentially, urbanformisafunctionoftwoelements. PLANNING URBAN FORMSANDLANDUSE 4.1 nature oflanduse,whichrelates toplaces level - - - before areas openingothernew inthe urban periphery. ofthecity be consolidatedinexistingdeveloped parts case basis.Asmuchaspossibledevelopment would forinnercityredevelopmentopportunity onacaseby from the city centre. This programme presents the best Renewal Programme”, covering onekilometre radius State ofOsun are benefitting from comprehensive “O infrastructure. expendi-ture minimize the encourages kilometres of square of millions preserve and time community facilities.Thiswille public A higherdensityallows more peopletolive closerto by the the layout willbe,becausemore peoplewillbeserved area.certain Thehigherthedensity, themore efficient by urbanizationina or lessnumbersofpeopleserved its density. Density inanurbancontextmeansmore about is to use land more intensely, increase otherwise Density 4.1.1 2 1 most residents’ dailycommute locations, while reducing to new and other services cantly decreases thecostofproviding transitutilities addition toprotecting arableland,thisstrategysignifi before drivingdevelopment todistantgreen fields. In need tofirstcreate incentives todevelop suchland, is no longer needed for its original purpose. Cities adjacent toexistingcities.Most citieshave landthat this bysub-centres locatingcompactnew withinor burden Cityplannerscanavoid ontransportation. for urban development and at the same time place will onlysucceedintakinggoodagriculturalland in sprawling,extensive andlow densitydevelopment cities to grow. Allowing developments new to grow Cities authorities have choices on how they want their Compactness conditions over road, the future use of land resources for the benefito p resent and f reducing over time.Thismakesplanningandefficient settlement is daily. Th

e amountoflandavailable toanycountry, cityor Ibid UN-HABIT construction construction rbe land arable electricity, telephone,waterandseweragesystems.

Thismeanstheamountoflandperheadis same length spaces, schools,hospitals,placesof generations inevitable.One The CaseforMor Settlements AT (2012)PlanningUrbanSettlementsinSouthSudan fi xed. p However, time, eeomn o hge dniis to densities higher of development cost 1 The . of public service lines. of publicservice of physicalinfrastructure shorten tripdistances,save travelshorten a strongly Plan Structure e cpt o urban on capita per 2 e Compact . Many citiesinthe opulation isg nsure bettert way to bringthis worship and This reduces such rowing ransit as - FIGURE 4.1 Illustration of the Diverse City concept and the Compact City concept

Existing DISPERSED CITY COMPACT CITY community 1. Rapid urban expansion 1. Filing the vacant neighborhood 2. Great land consumption and under-used land 3. Increase of services and within city limits infrastructure provision 2. Limited consump- cost tion of land 4. More difﬁcult and 3. Writing off and expensive administra- sharing facilities and tion services 5. Heightening of social 4. Easier and more segregation and cost-effective isolation administration

Shared facilities New neighborhood and services

4.1.2 URBAN FORMS

Form 1: Monocentric Model Form 2: The Polycentric Model This model proposes a strong high density city centre In the polycentric model there is no dominant city with concentration of commercial activities, jobs and centre. There are sub-centres, Jobs and amenities amenities. This will demand daily movement of people distributed in a near uniform manner across the built from the periphery to the centre. Most Yoruba cities up area. There is therefore no organized pattern of demonstrate this urban form, with all streets radiating movement. There is random movement of people from the Oba’s palace and with markets and commer- across the urban area. This model happens when

cial activities in front of the palace. This model will some villages close to each, especially located on a Chapter 4: Urban Forms and Alternative Growth Patterns for Iwo Planning Area require adjustments since most of the streets leading major highway merge together but each has its distinct to the city centre are not wide enough to efficiently authority and identity. This model is not efficient and handle the traffic and transportation demands. There is not recommended. 47 is also the need to provide employment closer to where the people live to reduce unnecessary travels, pollution and traffic congestion. FIGURE 4.3 Polycentric Model

FIGURE 4.2 Monocentric Model 48

Structure Plan For Iwo and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project FIGURE4.4 tunities andachieve abalancedgrowth ofthecity. employment inareas presently deficientinjoboppor of multipleactivityareas. It wouldalsoencourage the existingCentralBusiness District andthegrowth This optionwould result inthesub centres supporting sation andmovement ofpeopleacross theurbanarea. with employment There opportunities. willbeorgani sub-centres. Thesesubcentres wouldbeself-supporting This modelhasadominantcentre andmultiple Form 3:TheCompositeModel CompositeModel - - tion keeptheiridentityandspecialties. Transportation enable thesmallersettlementsengulfedby urbanisa This proposal wouldensure balanceddevelopment and activity sub-centres forexpandingtheurbanform. Business District, andthecreation ofseveral land rehabilitation oftheexistingurbancore, theCentral the plannedlanduseswouldbebased.It involves the Iwo. Thisisthe recommended model,uponwhich Form 3- ments inaccordance withtheculturalheritagemakes The needtoplanmore efficientandbefittingsettle Masifa, Isundunrin andIlawo amongothers. bation. Such settlementsincludeIle Ogbo, Isoko, Ola, outside the city would merge withit to form a conur will comewhenmanydistinctvillagesandsettlements city ofIwo grows andexpandsitsboundaries,atime Iwo andAyedire LocalGovernments areas. Asthe region, covers twolocalgovernment areas, namely Iwo metropolis, made of the city and its immediate PLANNING AREA PREFERRED URBANFORMFORIWO 4.2 centre withsub-centres tobecreated. networks willbecarefully plannedtolinkthecore city The Composite Model more appropriate for - - - 05

STRUCTURE PLAN VISION, GOALS AND OBJECTIVES 50

Structure Plan For Iwo and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project for thecountry. Thegoalofthe revised National Urban initiative is to achieve the national goals and objectives One ofthe implicit aims of any urban development 5.1.1 ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ 20 years. Thedocuments reviewed includethefollowing: vision fordeveloping Iwo Planning Area duringthenext documents and initiatives towards coming up with the This chapter development anumberofkey reviews on adoptingmissionsandvisionsofdevelopment. till now, manydevelopment initiatives have beenhinged Development Strategies (LEEDS).Dating from 2003 egies known asLocalEconomic Empowerment and and Short andMedium Term Poverty Reduction Strat formulation andadoptionoflong-rangeLandUse Plans include opment asagoodpractice.Theseopportunities foradoptingstrategicvisioningofdevel opportunities management ofurbanareas inNigeria whichcreate general development, especiallyfortheplanningand There are existinglegalandpolicyprovisions toguide ising theresources required fortheiraccomplishment. development initiatives, aswell aswork towards mobil perspective ofgoodgovernance views andhuman able toagree onandtakebothbroad andlong-term of development, political leaders and the public are ments’ (UNDP1997; TUGI 2002).Through visioning measuretargets andbroadly acceptedperformance responsible forgovernance musthave ‘a vision,goals, itself. Hence, toeffectively managetheprocess, those governance ofurbanareas forsuccessisahugetaskin ment iscentraltoeffective planning. Managing the Strategic visioninginpromoting sustainabledevelop VISIONING THEFUTURE CONTEXT OFTHESTRUCTUREPLAN: 5.1 ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ The Habitat Agenda. The Vision 20:2020and Osun Six-point Integral Action Plan Local Economic Empowerment Strategies The Urban and Regional Planning Law1992 The Land-Use Act 1978 The National Urban Policy 2012 The National Housing Policy 2012 National UrbanDevelopment Policy 2012 - - - - - secure tenure.’ Highlights policytherefore ofthenew at affordablewith infrastructure cost and with services housing in healthy environments safe and sanitary ensure thatallNigerians own orhave access todecent, The goalofthe revised National Housing Policy is ‘to 5.1.2 ❚ ❚ ❚ The keyobjectives toachieve thegoalsare asfollows: living andwell-being ofallNigerians’. ment, aswell asensures improved standard ofhealthy efficient urbanand regionalplanninganddevelop which fosterssustainableeconomicgrowth, promotes a dynamicsystemofclearlydefinedurbansettlements, Development Policy of Nigeria therefore, is ‘to promote Housing andUrban Development will work closely The Government intendsthatthe of Federal Ministry ture and disastermanagement. slum upgrading,includingtheprovision ofinfrastruc ment andaddressing theissuesofurban renewal and need formaintenance,proper planningoftheenviron ment and income generation. The policy stresses the to drive employsix geo-political zones in the country establishment of skillacquisition centres ineachof the also help to build the capacity of thesector through the generation andwelfare ofthepeople,policywill growth andthegrowth ofGDPby drivingincome As housingoffersmore foreconomic opportunities government system. mortgage hencetheneedforanew withthe housesinpartnership for fundsandconstruct financing, inwhichcontractorsare expectedtosource policy is the mode of contractor high point of the new to concentrateonitsrole asaregulator. In thisvein, a private sector financing, whilethe government is expected had lacked. Itthe country emphasizes the central role of augment infrastructure development inthesector, which of one million houses annually to the construction on achievingprovision ofadequatehousesforallthrough approvedThis newly nationalhousingpolicyisfocused able forpeopleintheinformalsector. their financialstatus,and,makeshousingloansavail ensures thatallNigerians have ashelterirrespective of housing forNigerians whereby citizen counts, every include the introduction of a social element of mass ❚ ❚ ❚ plan implementationandare accountableforthem. out theirfunctionsandresponsibilities withregards to Ensuring that alltiersofgovernment effectively carry ment andgoodgovernance Promotion of efficient urbandevelopment manage plans, township plans,subject lation includingmaster/structure plans,regional use plansthatare prescribed by theplanninglegis Adoption andimplementationoftherangeland National HousingPolicy2012 ------with State Governors in the area of enhancing urban and lastly identify the administrative bodies that development. Part of the plans is to build new cities. will be responsible for the execution of these various physical development plans according to the tiers or 5.1.3 Land Use Act (LUA) 1978 levels of government in the country.

The Land Use Act (No 6) of 1978 harmonises the ❚❚ To ascribe greater emphasis to issues of development ownership and control of land in the country thereby control, first, by creating a multi-disciplinary devel- providing a uniform legal basis for a comprehensive opment control department with wider powers of national land tenure system. approving or rejecting development proposals from government agencies; second, by enforcing various The purposes of the Land Use Act are: development control mechanisms and orders against erring developers; and third, by giving in-depth ❚❚ To make investment in agriculture attractive by consideration to the environmental implications of removing uncertainties in the control of land; major development proposals to prevent environmental degradation and decay. ❚❚ To curb speculation in urban land; ❚❚ To ensure effective control in such other special cases ❚❚ To make opportunities to access land generally avail- as wastelands, tree preservation, buildings of special able to all Nigerians throughout the country thereby architectural and historical significance and adver- bringing about mobility of resources, especially tisement. human resources; and ❚❚ To spell out in an unmistakable terms, the powers of ❚❚ To re-allocate rural land to large-scale farming. the planning authority with respect to acquiring land for planning purposes and its resultant payment of The major provisions of the Act are: compensation as well as to further emphasise that the exercise of these powers by the planning authority ❚❚ All lands in a state are vested in the authority of the shall be governed by the appropriate sections of the Governor; Land-Use Act of 1978. Chapter 5: Structure Plan Vision, Chapter 5: Structure Goals and Objectives ❚❚ Private ownership rights to urban land are limited to ❚❚ To ensure that areas that need improvements of 0.5 hectares and rights are restricted for lease-holders any kind are to be well attended to by the planning for a term of years; authority working in co-operation with the residents 51 of such areas. ❚❚ Rural land policy situates land for agricultural purposes (except the exploitation of minerals) under the juris- ❚❚ To ensure fairness, justice and equity to all, the diction of local governments. Local governments are to Nigeria Urban and Regional Planning Law of 1992 issue customary certificate of occupancy rights; provides for the establishment of the Urban and Regional Planning Tribunal in each State of the ❚❚ The Acts forbids the alienation of land (urban or Federation and the Federal Capital Territory Abuja. rural) by sale, mortgage and assignment without the prior approval/consent of the Governor; and 5.1.5 OSEEDS and Local Economic Empowerment and Development ❚❚ Permits the revocation of interest over land and Strategies (LEEDS) payment of compensation for unexhausted improvement. The Mission Statement of Osun SEEDS is to provide an excellent, efficient and effective quality public 5.1.4 Urban and Regional Planning service that will result in the growth and physical Law 1992 development of State of Osun as well as in improvement of the welfare of its citizenry with a positive The Nigeria Urban and Regional Planning Decree No. spill-over to other parts of Nigeria. This Vision State- 88 of 1992 is the first post-colonial planning legislation ment encapsulates the Millennium Development adopted in the country. The general aim of the law is Goals (MDGs) which the Osun State Government to facilitate preparation and implementation of develop- has decided to pursue vigorously. The Plan succinctly ment plans and planning schemes with a view to creating addresses different sectorial policy reforms and specif- a better environment for living, working and recreation. ically recognises that effective management of towns The specific objectives of the law are as follows: and cities is vital to a nation’s growth and prosperity, which is becoming increasingly complex due to ❚❚ To identify types and levels of the various physical migration trends. The need for the preparation of a development plans, identify the procedures for the Regional Development Plan was therefore empha- preparation of these physical development plans sized as important to the achievement of balanced 52

Structure Plan For Iwo and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project such asNEEDS,MDGs,and frameworks forHuman andSpatial Development, subsisting nationalandinternational programmes and The programmes are toalargeextent consistentwith among others. waste disposaland, Reap conflict resolution, tion include various sectors of development. These programmes to eradicatepovertyefforts andlackofprogress inthe six-point agendaasthebedrock oftheadministration’s Several programmes have beenderived from the ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ of Osun mustbeableto: abundant” aspromised by theadministration,people the development promise of ‘freedom for all, life more intheirimplementation.combined efforts To engender ting, hence, the achievement of these actions require The elementsoftheagendaare related andcrosscut ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ Action Plan ishingedonthe following sixactions: of Osun ( the initiatives andprograms oftheState government Rauf Aregbesola administrationasthefoundationof The Six-Point Integral Action Plan wasadopted by the Plan 5.1.6 socio-economic programmes withphysicalplanning. and orderly development ofthestateby integrating ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ promote communalpeaceandharmony. people, visitorsandbusinessesinthestateorder to Enjoy peaceandharmonyforthebenefitof functional education; so as to promoteEasily access health care services ment; Have ajobtobeengagedwithasbanishunemploy Sustain adignifyinglifestylesoastobanishpoverty; Easily feedthemselves soasto banishhunger; Create Workand Wealth. Communal Peace andProgress. Functional Education. Restore Healthy Living. Banish Hunger. Banish Poverty. forenvironmental sanitation, for rural empowerment;for rural Osun Six-point Integral Action O’ Renewal www.osun.gov.ng O’ School O’ Yes forslumupgrading, for youth employment, ). The Six-Point Integral forschoolrehabilitation O’ Waste Vision 20:2020 O’ Mediation forsustainable O’ Sanita among for O’ O’ - - - Nigeria’s growth into a path andlaunching the country mation blueprintforalongterm planforstimulating The Nigerian Vision 20:2020isaneconomictransfor economies intheworldby theyear 2020. on transformingNigeria into one ofthe20 leading Goal 6: Goal 5: Goal 4: Goal 3: schooling primary and girlsalikewillbeabletocompletefullcourseof It istargetedthatby 2015,children boys everywhere Goal 2: poverty tohalfby 2015. ment anddevelopment Strategy (SEEDS)istoreduce as emphasized instateofOsun economicempower The principaldevelopment objective ofgovernment Goal 1: namely: The MDGsare fashionedaround eightmaingoals, 5.1.7 others. development plan,the In 2009,Nigeria embarked onplanningalong-term 5.1.8 ment. development incitiestoachieve sustainabledevelop integrated inalltheMDGgoalsintopromoting spatial therefore,is important thatlanduseplanningis manifestation of the poverty facing all societies. It can largelytracedtoslumareas, whichisthephysical the MDGgoalsifdisaggregated spatiallyinurbanareas sustainability, theUN-HABITAT hasarguedthatall Besides MDG Goal 7 which focuses on environmental Goal 8: sustainability by 2015ascontained inGoal 7. is consistentwiththeattainmentofenvironmental atpreparingeffort structure plansfortheselectedcities pollution, road conditionamong others. The present challenges inthisregard vizdeforestation, urban State ofOsun isconfronted withseveral major Goal 7: Promote Gender Equality andEmpower Women; CombatHIV/AIDS,Malaria andotherdiseases; Develop for Development. aGlobal partnership Improve maternalhealth; Eradicate Extreme Poverty andHunger; Reduce ChildMortality; Achieve Universal Primary Education; Ensure Environmental Sustainability; Millennium DevelopmentGoals Nigeria Vision 20:2020 Nigeria Vision (MDGs) Vision 20:2020 whichfocuses - - - of sustained and rapid socio-economic development. The second United Nations Conference on Human Fundamental to the vision are two broad objectives: Settlements (Habitat II 1996) addressed two themes which were adopted as the basis for the Habitat Agenda. ❚❚ Optimizing human and natural resources to achieve These are: ‘Adequate shelter for all’ and ‘promoting rapid economic growth; and sustainable human settlement planning, development and management in a rapidly urbanizing world.’ The ❚❚ Translating growth achieved into equitable social Agenda provides a practical roadmap to an urbanizing development for all citizens. world, setting out approaches and strategies towards the achievement of sustainable development in urban areas. The two broad objectives are defined across four major The agenda recognizes the imperative need to improve dimensions: the quality of human settlements which profoundly affects the daily lives and well-being of people. ❚❚ Social dimension: a specific, equitable, harmonious and just society, where every citizen has a strong sense of national identity and citizens are supported by an educational and health care system that caters for all and sustains a life expectancy of not less than 70 years. 5.2 THE VISION FOR NEW IWO (2014- ❚❚ Economic dimension: a globally competitive 2033) economy that is resilient and diversified with a globally competitive manufacturing sector that is highly integrated and contributes no less than 25% to Gross Domestic Product. The vision for the emerging Iwo town is derived from the needs and aspirations of the people as expressed ❚❚ Institutional dimension: a stable and functional during the city consultation and the review of the democracy where the rights of the citizen to deter- general local and international development goals mine their leaders are guaranteed and adequate and initiatives as discussed earlier. The vision for Iwo infrastructure exists to support friendly and globally Structure Plan is therefore a composite of the reviewed

competitive business environment; and, agenda and could be summarized as: Plan Vision, Chapter 5: Structure Goals and Objectives

❚❚ Environmental dimension: a level of environ- “To develop Iwo as a dynamic, resilient, livable mental consciousness that enables and supports and inclusive city with strong social, economic, 53 sustainable management of the nation’s God-given human, and infrastructural base that will significantly natural endowment to ensure their preservation for contribute to employment generation, poverty reduction the benefit of present and future generation. and environ-mental sustainability.”

Thirty two thematic groups, including one on for Urban and Rural Development, addressed the identified sectorial issues that formed the basis for the vision, goals and strategies of the blueprint. The Thematic Group on 5.3 urban and rural development recognized the centrality GOALS AND OBJECTIVES OF THE of urban and rural development to achievement of STRUCTURE PLAN 2014-2033 economic growth and situated the critical strategies to be adopted for the achievement of Vision 20:2020 in the context of two broad goals for the sector, namely: 5.3.1 Goal of the Structure Plan for Goal 1: To establish and promote good governance Iwo Planning Area structures and capacity for developing and managing dynamic, functional, healthy and safe human settle- The overall Goal of the Structure Plan is ments systems at the three-tier government levels to “To significantly contribute to achieving the achieve socio-economic and technological growths in goals of the State Government of Osun’s policies the country. on urban development and housing, its Six- Point Integral Action Plan, the Millennium Goal 2: To improve the living and working environ- Development Goals and Habitat Agenda, as well ments of Nigerians to ensure their well-being, high as the wishes of the people in the Iwo Planning living standard, social emancipation and their contri- Area as articulated in the Iwo City Declaration” butions to national economic growth. To achieve this, it will:

5.1.9 The Habitat Agenda ❚❚ Ensure adequate access to decent and affordable shelter to all resident of the city. 54

Structure Plan For Iwo and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project Planning Area duringtheStructure Plan period: access toeducationforbothmen andwomeninIwo Objective ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ Strategies: sustainable livelihood inIwo Planning Area. of rapid and economic growth, job creation and beyond thetargetyear 2015through thepromotion programmes withrespect topoverty eradication Objective Structure Plan forIwo Planning Area are asfollows: The objectives and Strategies for implementation of the 5.3.2 ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ insures forcitizens tobeinvolved theopportunity Develop acitizen involvement programme that Osun integrated Development agenda. Agenda, the Millennium Development goals and the ment andDevelopment Strategy (LEEDS),Habitat Irewole andIsokan LocalEconomic Empower tives are adequatelyintegrateintheplan,suchas Ensure allsubsistingagendaprogrammes andinitia as well asitsenvirons. movement within Iwo of people, goods and services establishment ofmasstransitsystemforefficient outroad improvementCarrying schemesand market andindustrialdevelopment. business parks, international free tradezones for private sectoractivitiessuchasmechanicvillage, Allocation of landtobothformaland informal Structure Plan area protect natural,historicandscenicresources inthe goodagriculturallandand industrial uses,conserve Allocation ofappropriate landforcommercial and of land. as abasisforalldecisionsandactionsrelated touse Establish alanduseplanningandpolicyframework as aframework forIwo andenvirons. toserve arrangement of publicfacilitiesandservices Plan and develop atimely, orderly andefficient and scenicresources inthecityanditsenvirons. openspacesandprotect natural,historic Conserve of land. as abasisforalldecisionsandactionsrelated touse Establish alanduseplanningandpolicyframework development process. in all phases of Social, Economic and Environmental Objectives andStrategiesofthe Area Structure PlanforIwoPlanning : : To contributetoachievinguniversal To consolidatethegainsofMDG - - ❚ Strategies: ❚ ❚ Objectives ❚ ❚ ❚ Strategies: ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ Strategies: Iwo Planning Area Objective ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ the existingimbalanceinhealthfacilitiesprovision accessible facilitiesaccording toneeds.inaddress Allocating landsfortheprovision ofadditional care facilities; Ensuring citizens’ accessibility to improved health to land. and ensuringbetteraccesssecurityoftenure approaches todevelopmentthrough participatory Promote genderequalityandempower women Rehabilitation andupgradingofexistingschools. Iwo Planning Area centres in as well asincubators for businessstart-ups land for vocationalReserving and skills acquisition considerations. equitable spatialdistributioninlinewithpopulation and seniorschoolsotherinstitutions Allocating appropriate land for elementary, middle and safelivingenvironment. space andventilation towards achievingahealthy control ofdevelopment inrelation toset-back,air Enforcing planningstandards, enabling laws and historic andculturalbuildingslandscapes Planning Area andrehabilitating andpreserving historicandheritage sitesinIwoConserving ible landuses management methodsandseparationofincompat tion by initiatinginternationallyacceptablewaste Reduction intheincidencesofenvironmental pollu period housing andgeneralenvironment duringtheplan water, sanitation, education, communal facilities, Upgrading ofslumsthrough theimproved accessto healthy environment pollution control amongotherstoachieve safeand ings, roads, drainages, sanitation, air circulation, Enforcing landusestandards andcontrol forbuild : : Achieve environmental sustainabilityin - - - 06

POPULATION GROWTH PROJECTIONSFOR IWO PLANNING AREA (2014-2033) 56

Structure Plan For Iwo and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project a. tion oftheplanningarea isbasedincludethefollowing: The basic assumptions upon which population projec- 6.1.1 recreation, andtransportation. basicurbanservices tics, are afunctionofthedemandsforhousing,work, demographiccharacteris population andinparticular Thecurrent andanticipatedgrowthurban services. in other pursuits,movement andrequirements forbasic projected populationforwork, housing,recreation and future population,especiallyfocusingonneedsofthe for thePlanning Area have tofocusoncurrent and population are met.Essentially, landuseprojections planning toensure thattheneedsofgrowing Making future projections iscentraltoland use for otherlanduseactivities. population istherefore usedtoestimatetheprojections wholesale trade,are notgenerallyavailable. Data on wholesale etc.Data onanyofthesevariables, especially commercial usesdrawuponemployment trends in turing employment trends andfuture spaceneedsfor industrial and commercial uses are based on manufac- ment needs.Estimatesoffuture landrequirements for and estimates,whichare usedinscalinglanddevelop ment constitutekeyelementsinpopulationforecasts land development that occurs, while data on employ urban economydeterminestheamountandnature of patterns (i.e.LocalEconomic Development). The population trends, urbaneconomyandemployment future landuse.Thesefactorsincludeamongothers Several factorsare involved inmakingprojections for PLANNING AREA POPULATION PROJECTIONSFORIWO 6.1 natural increase andmigration,will occur onan planning area (Iwo and Ayedire LGAs) through That futur

BASIC ASSUMPTIONSFOR POPULATION PROJECTIONS e growth inthepopulationof - - - f. e. d. e Pn= populationinyear n o= populationofbaseyear c. b. Planning Area, whichisestimatedat343,804 in Figure 6.1.Thetotalpopulationfigure for Iwo disaggregated by LocalGovernments isaspresented The projected populationfor Iwo Planning Area course oftheStructure Plan period2014-2033. other physicalneedswouldhave tobeaddressed inthe implies thatadditionalinfrastructure facilitiesand tion projection figures presented in Table 6.1.This future. Thisiscalculatedandbasedonthepopula existing patternsandthoseneededforthedesired general, projection ofland-useisbasedoncomparing are basedonspacestandards asshown in Table 6.3.In for commercial use, residential use and other land-uses Based onthepopulationprojections, thelandrequired 6.1.2 has beenprojected toreach 625,496by 2033. which isexpressed asP growth rate(compound growth rate) method, annual area wascomputed using theobserved 2014. on the NPC 2006 census data earlier projected to of standards andrequirements. tion isbasedonpopulationprojection andaset as water, education,electricity, solidwastecollec standards. and otherlandusesare basedoncapitalspace Area willmostlikelyattractmore peopletothecity. That thepr That landr That ne n= numberofy r= annualgr P Wher That thepopulationprojection fortheplanning That thepopulationforstar the sameasGrowth RatefortheState ofOsun. Population Growth Rateat3.2percent,whichis National Population hasestimatedtheNational as aState capital.Going by the2006Census, annual growth rateof3.4%, given itspullfactor

PROJECTED POPULA w development envisagedinIwo Planning ojection of basic urban services such ojection ofbasicurbanservices equired forcommercial, residential owth rate ears n =P o (1+r) TION FIGURES ting year is based n :

in 2014, - - TABLE 6.1 Population Projection for Iwo Planning Area (2014-2033)

Year 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Iwo 246222 254101 262232 270623 279283 288220 297443 306962 316784 326921 Ayedire 97582 100704 103927 107253 110685 114227 117882 121654 125548 129565 Total 343804 354805 366159 377876 389968 402447 415325 428616 442332 456486

Year 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 2031 2032 2033 Iwo 337383 348179 359321 370819 382686 394931 407569 420612 434071 447961 Ayedire 133711 137990 142405 146963 151665 156519 161527 166697 172030 177535 Total 471094 486169 501726 517782 534351 551450 569096 587307 606101 625497

FIGURE 6.1 Population projection for LGAs in Iwo Planning Area (2014 to 2033)

1,400,000

1,200,000

1,000,000

800,000

600,000

400,000

200,000

0 Chapter 6: Population Growth Projections Projections Chapter 6: Population Growth (2014-2033) for Iwo Planning Area 2006 2014 2016 2023 2033

xyxyxyx xyxyxyx xyxyxyx 57

6.2 The current housing backlog for the Iwo Planning Area LAND USE BUDGET FOR IWO is estimated on the basis of the Housing Characteristics PLANNING AREA and Amenities data from the 2006 National Popula- tion and Housing Census. The data indicating that a total of 6,759 persons did not have any rooms at all, is taken as the housing deficit for 2006. This, when The estimated land use budget required to cater for the projected to 2014 at the same population growth rate needs of the estimated population has been estimated gives an estimated backlog of 8,696 persons for the at roughly 5,340 hectares of land to be developed take-off year 2014. around the existing settlements in the Planning area (Table 6.3).

TABLE 6.2 Population and Housing Shortfalls in Iwo Planning Area Planning Area LGAs Population LGAs (2006) Regular Households (Planning Area Total,2006) Housing Shortfall (LGAs,2006) Population Planning Area 2006) (Total, Housing Shortfall Planning Area 2014 (2006) Projected Population Total (2014) Projected Population Total (2018) Projected Population Total (2023) Projected Population Total (2033) IWO Iwo LGA 191,377 40958 5147 267223 8696 343804 389968 456486 625496 (6759) Ayedire LGA 75,846 16462 1612 58

Structure Plan For Iwo and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project Area are asprojected in Table 6.4. supply requirements tomeetdemandforIwo Planning day. On thebasisofthisestimate,projected water of qualitythatrepresents atolerablelevel ofrisk,per approximately 102.5litres ofwater, whichshould be Hence, itisestimatedthatanindividualwouldrequire amount ofabout65litres. which might requireexclude laundry/bathing a higher hygiene needsisabout20litres. Theseestimates is required whiletherequirement forbasicfoodand situations however, aminimumof15litres ofwater activities in above average temperature. In emergency lactating womenwhoengageinmoderatephysical to meettherequirements ofmostpeople,especially 2003), aminimumof7.5litres waterperdayisrequired According tothe World Health Organisation (WHO 6.3.1 projections assumedintheprevious chapter. used to assess future infrastructure needs based on the data onarangeofvariables whichcouldpotentiallybe Projections forBasic Urban are Services basedonlocal SERVICES PROJECTIONS FORBASICURBAN 6.3 TABLE 6.3 Total additionallandrequired forfuture Development Waste transferanddisposalsites Circulation, Roadsandutilities Institutional use Commercial landuse Industrial development Space required forRecreation/organised openspaces Total landrequired forResidentialuse Current backlogofHousinginthetown Number ofHouseholdsat6personsperhousehold Additional populationtoplanfor Projected populationto2033 Population in2014 Water Supply LandUseBudgetfortheProjected Population(2014–2033) country’s potentialtogeneratethesedifferent energy such assolar, wind,hydro andbiomass.Despite the electricity, gas,kerosene and renewable energysources The different forms of energy available to Nigerians are 6.3.1 by 2033. increase from thepresent 322,534kW to586,800kW that electricitydemandinIwo Planning Area would is aspresented in Table 6.4.It istherefore expected based ontheprojected populationforeachyear. This this percapita,electricitydemandwasestimated average Nigerian shouldconsume1.89kw/day. Using consumption of other countries it is assumed that an was estimatedas0.03kw. Consideringthepercapita lowest percapitaconsumptionofelectricity. This Nigeria, Egypt andSouth Africa),Nigeria hasthe world (USA,Cuba, UK,Ukraine, Iraq, South Korea, revealed thatamongninedifferent countriesofthe The accountof Okafor and Joe-Uzuegbu (2010) amongothers. cooking, ironing, entertainment itating householdactivitiessuchaslighting, washing, (Nigeria Energy Study Report, 2005).It isusedinfacil edged electricityastheirmostpreferred energyfrom dwellers/ households.Indeed, Nigerians have acknowl is thecommonestformofenergyamongmanyurban though andoftentimeerraticepileptic.Electricity forms, concentration has beenonthe use ofelectricity; Electricity Supply Source: ComputedbyConsultants,2014. 5,339.9 Ha 3,091.4 Ha 281,693.0 625,497.0 343,804.0 971.6 Ha 397.5 Ha 397.5 Ha 353.3 Ha 46,948.8 44.2 Ha 84.5 Ha 8,696.0 - - TABLE 6.4 Basic Services Demand Projection for Iwo Planning Area (2014-2033)

Year Population Water (m3/day) Electricity (kiwi) Solid Waste (kg) 2014 343,804 35,239,910 649,790 44,695 2015 354,805 36,367,513 670,581 46,125 2016 366,159 37,531,298 692,041 47,601 2017 377,876 38,732,290 714,186 49,124 2018 389,968 39,971,720 737,040 50,696 2019 402,447 41,250,818 760,625 52,318 2020 415,325 42,570,813 784,964 53,992 2021 428,616 43,933,140 810,084 55,720 2022 442,332 45,339,030 836,007 57,503 2023 456,486 46,789,815 862,759 59,343 2024 471,094 48,287,135 890,368 61,242 2025 486,169 49,832,323 918,859 63,202 2026 501,726 51,426,915 948,262 65,224 2027 517,782 53,072,655 978,608 67,312 2028 534,351 54,770,978 1,009,923 69,466 2029 551,450 56,523,625 1,042,241 71,689 2030 569,096 58,332,340 1,075,591 73,982 2031 587,307 60,198,968 1,110,010 76,350 2032 606,101 62,125,353 1,145,531 78,793 2033 625,496 64,113,340 1,182,187 81,314 Source: Consultants estimates Chapter 6: Population Growth Projections Projections Chapter 6: Population Growth (2014-2033) for Iwo Planning Area

59 60

Structure Plan For Iwo and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project 07

STRUCTURE PLAN FOR IWO PLANNING AREA (2014-2033) 62

Structure Plan For Iwo and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project FIGURE7.1LandUseProposal forIwo PlanningArea 7.1. land useforIwo Planning Area isasshown inFigure Area over thePlan periodof2014–2033.Theproposed tions inlinewiththeprojected needsforthePlanning their specificlanduse,policyandlegislative implica priorities identified under theeleven themes as well as The Structure Plan therefore addresses thedifferent held onthevarious issues. as well as the prioritiesagreed atthecityconsultation needs ofthepeopleasderived from theprofile data proffered inthissectionhave beenbasedonactual responses toaddress them.Thelanduseproposals and the future growth of the city and provides broad Critical development issuesofrelevance tothepeople The Structure Plan for Iwo Planning Area identifies the PREAMBLE 7.1 LAND USEPROPOSALS - ❚ ❚ ❚ pronged approach, involving: growing cities,UNHABITAT advocates athree- To achieve effective landuseplanninginrapidly proposed land usemapbelow. The detailedproposal forthelandusesisgiven inthe commercial, industrial,publicspaces,recreational etc. covers all the key categories of uses, such as residential, The Land Use proposals forthe Iwo Planning Area AND STANDARDS LAND USEPROPOSALS,STRATEGIES 7.2 ❚ ❚ ❚ especially waterandsanitation. adequate physicalaccessandbasicurbanservices, Planning in phases,beginningwithensuring Planning at thescaleofproblems; and Preventive planning–inadvance; This will be achieved in the Iwo Structure Plan by ensure wider public participation in housing/urban also locating land uses to complement each other and policy formulation and implementation; ensuring that land use and transportation are properly coordinated and integrated. Land use planning and ❚❚ Households will be enlightened and encouraged to design under the Structure Plan is hinged on adopting rehabilitate old traditional family houses in Iwo, integrated and participatory approaches to land use Kuta, Ile-Ogbo and Olupona; budgeting and relating this to the projected population. It also entails advancing broad land use development ❚❚ Buildings in contravention areas such as under control measures for monitoring architectural design high-tension electricity cables, are as prone to and redesign, building development and redevelop- flooding and those in violation of road setbacks to ment, as well as strict implementation of the land be removed; use proposals as designed. The land use proposals are guided by well-defined principles and identified prior- ❚❚ Capacity of local government professionals to be ities in line with the goals and objectives of the plan. developed to improve implementation of public enlightenment and enforcement of development 7.2.1 SHELTER AND SLUMS control activities in Iwo and environs;

New Housing Development ❚❚ Modalities to be developed for private sector partic- The development of new housing in the Planning Area ipation in the provision of such services as water, will focus on the development of residential layouts electricity, waste management under Public-Pri- and sites and services schemes. In addition, construc- vate-Participation schemes, among others. tion of affordable housing estates by both the public and private sector as well as Public-Private-Participa- • Going by lessons learnt from past experiences, tion (PPP) schemes will be encouraged. the following are imperatives for successful implementation of urban renewal schemes under the Strategies for promoting housing development and Structure Plan: prevention of slums in Iwo Planning Area and the policy implications are as follows: a. Strong political support at all levels of

government; Plan for Iwo Chapter 7: Structure (2014-2033) Planning Area ❚❚ Existing land acquired for development of low-cost b. Community participation, ownership and housing in Iwo will be developed and existing empowerment through institutionalized low-cost housing scheme reviewed for effective community driven initiatives; 63 implementation; c. Implementation of sustained, progressive developments as opposed to one-off inter- ❚❚ Additional land to be acquired for the development ventions; of sites and services scheme in Kuta, Ile-Ogbo and d. Enforcement of the National Building Code, Olupona; by-laws and appropriate land use standards; and, ❚❚ Additional land is to be acquired by the Local e. In-situ upgrading of degraded areas and use Planning Authorities in the Iwo Planning Area of slum clearance only where inevitable and and made available to developers, particularly with the consent and relocation of slum women, to meet the anticipated population growth. dwellers. Also, Planning Approvals for all new buildings will be granted only subject to the provision of essential services before commencement of building opera- Land for Housing tions. The goal of the State of Osun land policy is to make serviced land with secure tenure readily available, Urban Renewal accessible, and transferable at affordable prices for The tructureS Plan is conceived to build on the Urban housing development. To achieve the above goal in Iwo Renewal programme (O’ Renewal) currently being Planning Area, the following are proposed: implemented in the State of Osun, which covers a range of one kilometer-radius from the core of Iwo. ❚❚ Judicious use of urban and rural land through effec- Hence, the following measures will be adopted: tive physical planning;

❚❚ Slum upgrading schemes are to be extended to the ❚❚ Facilitate the provision of serviced lands at afford- newer residential areas outside the one kilometre able price through sites and services schemes and radius such as the traditional/core area of Kuta, strengthening and co-ordination of Land Registra- Olupona and Ile-Ogbo, while the participation and administration through a geo-referenced tory planning process adopted under the RUSPS land information system to ensure security of tenure. methodology is to be institutionalised in order to 64

Structure Plan For Iwo and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project ❚ following: opment ofagro-based industrialactivitiesthrough the Plan forIwo Planning Area willpromote thedevel Being endowed withagriculturalland,theStructure Industrial LandUse ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ities inadditiontothefollowing: rehabilitated and provided facil withmodernsanitary All existingmarkets inIwo Planning Area are tobe Commercial LandUse should begiven adequateconsideration: economic development inthearea, thefollowing Area are agriculture and commerce. For effective local The majoreconomicactivitieswithin Iwo Planning 7.2.2 ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ bakeries andsawmills palm oilprocessing, gariprocessing, blockmaking, and Kuta forsmallcottageindustriesinvolved in Allocation of landin Iwo, Ile Ogbo, Oluponna adoption ofmixed landuseplanning. Re-vitalising economicactivitiesthrough the locations intheStructure Plan Area; shopping mallsandsmallbusinessesinstrategic government ofplannedmarkets, forconstruction Allocation oflandtoprivate investors and orthelocal modern market; Rehabilitate andredesign ofOdo Ori market toa programme. Central Mosque inIwo inlinewiththeO’Renewal District around theOluwo’s (King’s)Palace andthe Rehabilitation ofthechaoticCentralBusiness Develop andmaintainatitleinsurancesystem. and production ofcadastralandtownship maps; tions through theestablishmentoflandregistries Establish and keep proper records of land transac- efficient landadministrationandhousingdelivery; ible and geo-referenced land information system for of government to adoptarobust, dynamic, compat Strengthen andco-ordinate landregisters atalltiers Ensure securityoftenure; able price; Facilitate lands at afford the availability- of serviced land through effective physicalplanning; rural Effectively administertheuseofurbanand Support theproposal toamendtheLUA;

LOCAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT - - - The structure plantherefore proposes state ofthecitycentre duetolackofadequateplanning. Iwo Planning Area have contributed largelytochaotic Currently, unregulated mixed usedevelopments inthe High Street Development ❚ ❚ ❚ preventing deteriorationthrough thefollowing: further of thenaturalenvironment inIwo Planning area by The Structure thepreservation Plan willsupport The NaturalEnvironment 7.2.3 waste willbeturnedintocompostforuseonthefarms. recycling, where biodegradable components of the solid urban agriculture schemeistobeintegratedwithwaste plains have beendesignatedforurbanagriculture. The the Planning Area, especiallyareas withextensive flood the Structure Plan, thesitesaround rivers andstreams in be integrated intothe economic baseof the city. Under poverty. Asadeliberatepolicy, urbanagriculture isto food security, providing employment and reducing Urban Agriculture playsacritical role in ensuring Urban Agriculture ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ region. The Structure Plan proposes: pillar for local economic development in the city and Small formal and informal businesses are the major Small Businesses Allocationoflandfortheestablishmentsilos ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ programmes forfarmersandSMEs. programmes andtheState ofOsun’s Cooperative and tobeneficiariesofthe LGAs’ CDAgrantsupport Kuta forestablishmentofbusinessesby members and thriftsocietiesinIwo, Ile-Ogbo, Oluponna and allocationoflandtoco-operative Concessionary and, accessibility andtransportation; sector andsmallbusinesses,especiallywithrespect to theestablishmentandoperationofinformal support Adoption ofappropriate zoning regulations to agriculture businesses; indigenes inDiaspora toinvest inindustriesand encourage investments by private entrepreneurs and Designation ofindustriallayouts by theLGAs to of-way alongthedesignatedhighstreets. The designandenforcement of appropriate Rights- use classificationsonidentifiedhighstreets; The adoptionanddesignationofappropriate land cial activities; zones to sustain the threshold for effective commer- The reclassification ofhighstreets ashighdensity in thePlanning Area. and otherformsofstoragefacilitiesforfarmproduce

ENVIRONMENT ❚❚ Enforcement of land use standards with regards to ❚❚ Plots designated as open spaces, parks and gardens percentage of land designated for functional open will be protected by legislation; spaces, parks and garden; ❚❚ Public awareness programmes will be Implemented ❚❚ Enforcement of development control regulations by to educate residents on the inherent advantages of the local Planning Authority in Iwo; compliance with rules and regulations governing open spaces, parks and gardens; and, ❚❚ Implementation of public awareness programmes propagating the inherent advantages of ensuring ❚❚ A department in the local government will be charged environmental preservation for conducive and with responsibility for developing and maintaining healthy living; and all proposed open spaces.

❚❚ Promotion of tree planting by residents through Climate Change and Flooding establishment of a tree nursery by the State Ministry The State of Osun is not immune to the adverse of Agriculture. impacts of Climate Change, which are characterized by flooding, increased production of greenhouse gases Preservation of Agricultural Land (GHGs), loss of biodiversity and increased prevalence Deforestation will be discouraged in the Planning Area of extreme weather disasters and risks. alongside the preservation of agricultural land while the Lands and Forestry Departments at both State and LG The Structure Plan proposes the following to address levels would be adequately staffed and provided with issues related to Climate Change: adequate equipment to discourage illegal felling of trees. Similarly, areas designated as forest reserve and buffer ❚❚ Capacity building for officers of the State ministries zones would be protected through development control. of Environment and, Physical Planning and Urban Development on management of Climate Change The Built Environment and the attendant consequences; The built environment in the traditional core and new residential developments in Iwo are beset with several ❚❚ Education and enlightenment of residents towards

challenges associated with poor environmental quality, imbibing environment-friendly behavior in Plan for Iwo Chapter 7: Structure (2014-2033) Planning Area lack of sanitation facilities and the prevalence of deteri- day-to-day activities such as cooking, lightning and orating and dilapidated buildings. transportation among others; and, 65 To improve the condition of the built environment, ❚❚ Adoption by the State Government of Osun of the Structure Plan proposes the following: modalities for effective measurement and monitoring of GHG emissions from cities in the state. ❚❚ All existing dilapidated buildings in the Planning Area are to be rehabilitated through a special Pollution Control programme of the State Government of Osun; Levels of pollution in Iwo Planning Area are relatively low. Among the prevalent types of pollution are: Noise ❚❚ Households will be encouraged and supported where pollution from use of outdoor public address equip- possible to provide their houses with toilets and ment as well as surface and ground water pollution other facilities; through residential and commercial activities. Indus- trial pollution is not prevalent in Iwo. ❚❚ The State Government will strictly enforce the monthly environmental sanitation exercise to The structure plan addresses pollution related issues enhance good environmental quality; and, through:

❚❚ Local Government Departments of water and Sanita- ❚❚ Adoption and enforcement of zoning regulations to tion will be developed with trained staff and adequate separate non-congruous activities; equipment for effective monitoring of the environment. ❚❚ Enforcement of the existing pollution control Open Spaces, Parks and Gardens legislations especially with regards to noise and air There are limited functional organised open spaces, pollution; and, parks and gardens in Iwo town. The Structure Plan will identify and designate open spaces, parks and gardens ❚❚ Implementation of public education and enlight- as well as the following: enment programmes on use of environmentally harmful biological waste and chemicals in agricul- ❚❚ Ensure new residential neighborhoods in Iwo are ture among others provided with open spaces, parks and recreational grounds; 66

Structure Plan For Iwo and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project time. asrequired ofservices fromprompt timeto delivery be builttoaccommodateresident doctors andfacilitate other paramedicalstaff. It isexpectedthathouseswill healthcare centresprimary withdoctors,nursesand Ile-Ogbo aswell asadequatelystaffingtheexisting of additional hospitals at Kutathe construction and ment andadditionalstaff.The Structure Plan proposes care centre in thePlanning Area, isinneedofequip The generalhospital,whichisaboutthelargesthealth Health Services and othereducationalfacilities. private primary, schools juniorandseniorsecondary adequate provision for establishment of public and institutions, subsequentDistrict Plans willmake growth areas whichincorporateslandforeducational the Structure Plan makes provision for residential existing schoolswillrequire landforexpansion. While will berequired development innew areas whilesome Area over thePlan period,additionalpublicschools Given theprojected populationgrowth inIwo Planning Educational Facilities 7.2.4 ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ waste management,thefollowing stepswillbetaken: To facilitatetheadoptionofacceptablestandards of landfillsites. sanitary properly constructed had torely ontheuseofopendumpsasthere are no management inIwo andcurrently, thepeoplehave tion have not beenabletoprovide effective solidwaste Local Government of Departments Water andSanita Due tolimitationsofavailable staffandequipment, streets, river banksandopenspacesinthetown. from the open dumpsgeneratedalongthemajor contributes totheincidentsofflooding.Thisisevident been attributed to poor solid waste disposal, which also Air, landandwaterpollutioninthePlanning Area have Solid Waste Management ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ Introduction ofcompostingagriculturalwaste. of machines)incollaborationwithprivate operators; Promotion of recycling activities (through purchase for sustainability; source ofgeneration attheprimary collection service chargesthrough wastes andintroduction ofservice anddisposalofsolid collection, transportation Introduction in of the private sector participation landfills inthelocalgovernment areas; Identification andacquisition ofsitesforsanitary

BASIC URBANSER VICES - - ational parks inaccessiblelocations forresidents. Plan makeslandavailable forsocialfacilitiesandrecre ting forthecityandtraditionalruler. The Structure Oluwo’s Palace requires a facelift to make it more befit- the cityhallhasrecently beencompleted,thoughthe One ofthecommunalfacilitiesinIwo Planning Area, Communal Facilities processing. among others.Solar couldalsobeusedinfood dryers solar powered street lights,solarpowered boreholes from thenationalgrid.Theusescouldrangefrom solar energy is recommended to complement electricity The useofnon-grid energysourcesrenewable especially and in the nationalgridfrom Osogbo step-down station.As ered amenacebuthasbecomeinevitable foreconomic buses. Theunregulated useofmotor cycles isconsid Planning Area are motor cycles ( modes in The mostly used public transport Iwo Multimodal Transport System drainage systems. should alsoberehabilitated andprovided withadequate settlements inthePlanning Area tothecity centre recommended thatallotherroads connecting other Governments are noticeableinthisregard. It is by the itation andefforts Federal, State andLocal Major roads inIwo are currently undergoing rehabil 7.2.5 Area. the in and nationally supply electricity Company Distribution Electricity is It problems. transformers and cables insufficient framework wasconstrainedby manpower shortages, Electricity inIwo Electricity supply Iwo Planning Area are rivers/streams andsprings. the secondmostwidelyusedsource ofpotablewaterin campaign onwatersanitationwillbeimplemented,as of thestategovernment whileapublicenlightenment aged tosinkwells andbore holestocomplementefforts of otherNon-government agencieswouldbeencour Iwo indigenesinDiaspora, internationaldonorsand development areas.unserved Private donors likethe in Iwo. Water pipe lines should be extended to new A functionalmainsstatewaterschemeisrequired Planning Area isconsidered poorandinadequate. The water supply and distribution system in Iwo Water Supply however envisaged that the privatization of privatization the that envisaged however most environs

parts ofthestate,electricitysupplyinIwoparts TRANSPORTATION is inadequate.Th Planning Area issuppliedthrough e will Okada) and mini lectricity supply mrv the improve Planning Ibadan - - - - and security reasons as most young men and school ❚❚ Provide bus-stops (passenger’s shelter/interface), leavers who are unable to continue with their educa- bus-bays, lay-byes and pedestrian crossings (Zebra) tion are engaged in this activity. However, since the at appropriate locations on all major roads; operation of motor-cycles is reckless and unsafe in the Planning Area regular capacity building is proposed ❚❚ Provide pedestrian walkways , traffic lane-markings, to educate the riders on safety and how to reduce road signs and traffic lights on all highways; accidents. Private investors would be encouraged to invest in minibuses to improve intra and inter urban ❚❚ Upgrade existing major traffic corridor on selected mobility, while introduction of tricycle as a mode of streets in Iwo to 15 metres right of way to serve as transportation could serve as an alternative to Okada. second order road within the city;

Roads and Design Standards ❚❚ Integrate pedestrian, bicycle and transit facilities on The Structure Plan for Iwo Planning Area advances the major multi-modal transportation corridors. development of a hierarchy of roads based on types, speed, land texture or gradient and capacity. The roads Safety of Pedestrians, Cyclists and in urban areas follow the nomenclature as indicated in Motorcyclists Buchman (Traffic in towns). Safety standards will be enforced on commercial motor cycle riders. Also, all major roads, particularly at the ❚❚ Primary distributors: this roads form the primary city centre, will be provided with pedestrian walk ways network for the town as a whole. The longer distance and expanded where possible, while markings and road traffic movement to, from and within the town are signs will delineate roadway centerlines, lane bound- linked to the primary distributors. aries, no passing zones, pavement edges, roadway transitions, turning patterns and crosswalks among ❚❚ District distributors: these roads distribute traffic others in central areas of Iwo. This will reduce conflict within the residential and the principal business points at intersections and ultimately the number of districts of the town and environs. They form the link accidents. between the primary network and the local roads. 7.2.6 HERITAGE, CULTURE AND ❚ TOURISM

❚ Local roads: they are roads that distribute traffic Plan for Iwo Chapter 7: Structure (2014-2033) Planning Area within neighborhoods and particular sectors in the town. Historic monuments in Iwo Planning area as well as architectural monuments and historic artifacts like 67 ❚❚ Access roads: - these roads give direct access to the Oluwo’s Palace and the various shrines, are to building and land in the towns. be preserved. Efforts will also be channeled towards promoting culture of the people by allotting land Recommended projects to enhance transportation to activities that support heritage and boost tourism activities in the Planning Area include: through development of employment opportunities and income. ❚❚ Construction of Ring Roads, the inner ring road which is regarded an immediate measure and the 7.2.7 URBAN SAFETY outer ring road, which is a long-term proposal to accommodate future traffic and urban expansion. Iwo, like other major towns in the State of Osun, is faced with a number of security challenges. However, ❚❚ Road Hierarchy in new residential areas to be the Structure Plan proposes the following: detailed out at the implementation state. The roads are to have definite hierarchy – distributor roads, ❚❚ A comprehensive Street naming and house collector streets and access roads. numbering scheme is to be implemented to enhance identification of locations and conduct of security ❚❚ Establish and enforce parking standards and regula- operations around the city; tions for offices, shopping plazas, churches, mosques, hotels, restaurants, bars and eateries; ❚❚ All streets in the city are to be provided with street lighting; ❚❚ Encourage private sector-led development/initiative for taxi service system in Iwo Planning Area; ❚❚ The local governments will continue to provide financial assistance to vigilante groups and extend their activities to currently unreached areas; 68

Structure Plan For Iwo and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project In thelightofthis,itisproposed that: emergency/preparedness plans for Iwo Planning Area. development ofcommunity embark on participatory Under theStructure Plan, theState andLGAs will are yet to be adopted by both Iwo and Ayedire LGAs. Disaster risk reduction and management strategies 7.2.8 ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ provision ofadequateandmodernequipment. The Nigerian through the Police willbesupported mented; Oba incouncil orthevigilantegroups willbeimple suspicious activities in their areas to the police, the collaboration withthesecurityagenciesby reporting Public awareness programmes on the need for DISASTER RISKREDUCTION - ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ to localemergencies. emergency relief warehouse thatwillattendpromptly land willbecommittedtodeveloping afunctional Iwo andAyedire LGAs whileappropriate fundingand action planswillbedeveloped forallcommunitiesin Participatory communityemergency/preparedness attend promptly tolocalemergency a functional emergency relief warehouse that will priate fundingandlandwillbesetasidetodevelop communities inIwo andAyedire LGAs whileappro Emergency action plans will be developed for all Committees; moribund multi-sectorialEmergency Management ments intheLGAs whichwillalsore-establish the in Iwo andAyedire LGAs through dedicatedDepart Management (DRR/DRM)willbeinstitutionalized The responsibility for Risk Reduction or Risk - - 08

STRUCTURE PLAN IMPLEMENTATION FOR IWO PLANNING AREA 70

Structure Plan For Iwo and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ mentation oftheStructure Plan forIwo are: strategies tobeconsidered toachieve effective imple decisions affectinglanduse. In doingthis,somebasic organizations responsible formakingandinfluencing by theState Government, LocalGovernments and contained intheStructure Plan willbeimplemented government withothers.Thepolicies orinpartnership implementation, either directly by organs of the State strategic planwithlegalbackingwillberequired forits ensure thatitsstatedobjectives are achieved. Assuch,a facilitate theharnessingofallrequired resources to of an effective implementation framework that will The execution ofa Structure Plan requires theadoption PREAMBLE 8.1 ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ structure plan. structure forimplementationandmonitoringofthe Establishment ofamanagementbaseandregulatory micro-finance funds; based fundraisingprocedures, e.g.cooperative and Public Private Partnership (PPP) and Community Annual Budgets, Nongovernmental organizations, Resources maybedrawnfrom Government’s zation andimplementationoftheStructure Plan. offiscalpoliciesfor Articulation resources mobili in thedifferent thematicareas; process through generalandspecificcapacitybuilding uals thathave roles toplayintheimplementation Empowerment ofthevarious agenciesandindivid reforms andinstitutionalframework required; Formulation of Policy and legal land use standard nance andHeritage; Local Economic Development, Urban Safety Gover Slums, Environment, Gender, Basic Urban Services, to implementation of policies relating toShelter and approaches Adoption ofintegratedandparticipatory - - - - progressively over theperiod.Afive year periodic years period2014-2033anditwillbeimplemented The planning horizon for Iwo Structure Plan is the20 8.1.2 ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ put inplace: Structure Plan, thefollowing strategicmeasures willbe In order toachieve theproposals containedintheIwo 8.1.1 of Iwo Structure Plan isasshown in Table 8.1below. The proposed phasingschedule fortheimplementation preparing theirannualdevelopment plans. scenarios. Thiswillassistgovernment agenciesin term (2019-2023)andlong(2024-2033) term(2014-2018),medium been classifiedintoshort proposed phases of the Structure Plan have therefore and practicable implementation of theproposal. The consideration has been givenimportance, for flexibility For effective phasingoftheplaninorder ofpriority out jointlyby technocratsand otherstakeholders. tion ofthedevelopment projects. Thisistobecarried strategies wouldbeadoptedtoensure effective execu review oftheStructure Plan anditsimplementation ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ isation oftheStructure Plan. in providing framework fortheactual theregulatory Involvement ofgovernment agenciesandparastatals Strict complianceandenforcement ofregulations; infrastructure; in fundingandprovision ofbothphysicalandsocial Encouragement of Public Private Partnerships (PPP) development inaccordance withtheStructure Plan; Continuous monitoringandupdatingofthephysical schemes; Preparation of detailed land use plans and layout Phasing OfIwoStructure Plan Strategic Implementationofthe Structure Plan - - TABLE 8.1 Phasing of Iwo Structure Plan (2014-2033)

Projects Short Term Medium Term Long Term (2014-2018) (2019-2023) (2024-2033) 1 POLICIES AND PLANS √ √ √ Establish a new administrative structure for urban governance √ including planning, resource mobilization and administration in State of Osun with clear roles for urban planning and management. Formulate and adopt the necessary legal, policy and land √ use standards and institutional frame-work for efficient administration of planning in the state. Formulate acquisition plan for designated land for various √ √ √ land use proposals including housing, commerce, industry, parks and gardens, recreational facilities, health and education facilities. Enforce planning standards and control development in √ √ √ relation to set-back, air-space and ventilation to promote a healthy and safe living environment Adoption of Affirmative Action and Domestication of CEDAW √ in State of Osun Formulate and adopt State of Osun Strategy for pro-poor √ access to land ownership Adopt and implement State of Osun Strategy for Funding √ √ √ Structure Plan and harness donors’ funds and DFIs for development. Adopt Strategy for Mainstreaming safety measures into urban √ design management. 2 ACTION PLANS: SHELTER AND SLUMS

Adopt and implement Action plan for Redevelopment of the √ √ √ Plan Implementation Chapter 8: Structure for Iwo Planning Area Iwo CBD Development of low cost housing scheme as well as sites and √ √ √ services scheme in Iwo, Kuta, Ile-Ogbo and Oluponna 71 Extension of Urban renewal programme to Kuta, Ile-Ogbo √ √ √ and Oluponna Adopt and implement Action plan for providing essential √ √ √ infrastructure and basic services in Approved Layouts Adopt and implement Landscape improvement plan for √ √ parks, Gardens, Recreational Facilities in Iwo Develop and implement system for street addressing, revenue √ generation in Iwo, Kuta, Ile-Ogbo and Oluponna Establish Urban Observatory in Iwo Planning Area for √ data collection, monitoring and evaluation and review of Structure and disaggregation of data by gender LOCAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT Rehabilitation of rural roads in Iwo, Kuta, and Ile-Ogbo and √ √ √ Oluponna Provision Of More Modern Market At Iwo, Kuta, Ile-Ogbo and Oluponna Provision of parking spaces in Market and other public places √ √ in Iwo Planning Area Provision of mechanic village in Iwo √ Provision of Land for small and medium scale agro-allied √ √ √ industries in Iwo, Kuta, Ile-Ogbo and Oluponna BASIC URBAN SERVICES Provision of schools (Primary and Secondary) in newly √ √ √ developed areas in Iwo and Oluponna Adopt and implement Action plan for providing essential √ √ √ infrastructure and basic services in Approved Layouts 72

Structure Plan For Iwo and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project from internationaldonorfundinginstitutions. tion withnon-governmental organisationsandsupport arrangements,collabora public-private-partnership programmes to encourage private investment through the implementation. These willinvolve adoption of for operationalandlogisticssupport able allnecessary activities. In addition,thegovernment istomakeavail government to accommodate the proposed phasing is tobemadeavailable intheyearly budgetofthestate Adequateof funds will beofvital importance. funding financing structure that would assist in the mobilization tation ofanyplanorproject, thedevelopment ofa In order toachieve effective andsmoothimplemen FINANCING OFSTRUCTUREPLAN RESOURCE MOBILISATION AND 8.2 3 Renovation andmaintenanceofOluwopalace Ore rock inIwo,Oluwere tree (Ile-Ogbo) Preservation ofhistoricalsitesandmonumentssuchasOke- PROJECTS Management planforIwo Adopt andimplementComprehensive Solidwaste business Parksinprecincts Adopt andimplementLocationDesignGuidelinefor Kuta, OluponnaandIle-Ogbo Provision ofwastestoragefacilitiesinthefourcentre ofIwo, Conservation ofEcologicalSites. Adopt andimplementActionplanforErosion Control and ENVIRONMENT Suburban ElectricitysupplyExtension Kuta andIle-Ogbo Provision ofpublictoiletsinspaceIwo,Oluponna Construction ofculvertsonOnuriverinIwo Establishment ofOsogboUrbanSecurityAssociation and alsoinIle-OgboOluponna Drainage ChannelizationinLatiko(Iwo)andIdi-Araba(Kuta) Construction ofbridgeoverOsunRiverlinkingKutaandEde light, street lightetc.). Federal, StateandLocalRoads(ROW, drains,markings,traffic Adopt andimplementTransportation improvement plansfor Provision recreational ofmodern parksinIwoPlanningArea and Ile-Ogbo Provision ofwastestoragefacilitiesinIwo,Kuta,Oluponna in IwoandIle-Ogbo Rehabilitation andexpansionoftheexistingDammains - - - artnerships, suchas: artnerships, overnment ofthe State ofOsun wo andAyedire LocalGovernments iii. ii. i. mobilization ofresources from thefollowing: government andprivate initiatives. Thiswillinclude appropriate fundingandallocationofresources from The successofthisstructure Plan isanchored on 8.2.1 • • • • • • P I The G

Corporate organizationsandprivate Individuals International Donor Agencies Build Operate andOwn(BOO)arrangements Build Operate and Transfer (BOT) arrangements Public Private Partnerships (PPP) Donations Sour √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ ces ofFunding √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ 8.3 INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK FOR STRUCTURE PLAN IMPLEMENTATION

Effective implementation of the Structure Plan requires an intergraded approach that will involve both the government and the other stakeholders. The establishment of a strong Institutional framework is therefore very important to achieving the designed objectives of the Structure Plan. Figure 8.1 shows the organization structure for the implementation of the Structure Plan.

FIGURE 8.1 Organisational Structure for Implementation of the Structure Plan

CHAIRMAN GOVERNOR OF THE STATE OF OSUN

STRUCTURE PLAN IMPLEMENTATION COMMITTEE

THE PROGRAMME FINANCE AND

POLICY COMMITTEE (PF&PC) Plan Implementation Chapter 8: Structure for Iwo Planning Area

THE CHIEF TECHNICAL ADVISER/ 73 PROGRAMME OFFICER

Monitoring & Evaluation

Enlightenment Operational Communication

1. Structure Plan Implementation Committee • The Director of Town Planning, MLPPUD (PIC). For efficient and effective implementation and management of the plan, a Project • The Surveyor General of the State Implementation Committee (PIC) comprising both government and key stakeholders, which • The Director of Lands, MLPPUD will allow for a participatory approach in the implementation process should be put in place. • A Director from each of the following State Membership will include the following: Ministries: Agriculture; Finance; Health; Education; Environment and Works and • The Executive Governor of the State, who will Transport be the Chairman of the Committee • A Chairman from one of the Local Govern- • Honourable Commissioner of Lands, ments in the Structure Plan Area Physical Planning and Urban Development (MLPPUD) • Directors from the following Departments at the Local Government level: • The Permanent Secretary, MLPPUD 74

Structure Plan For Iwo and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project Committee (PF&PC). be considered by theProgramme Finance andPolicy tation. It willalsoprovide annualbudgetestimatesto work plans andreview theprogramme forimplemen The basistoapprovePIC willmeetonaquarterly 2. private Sector. Local institu-tion traditional the NGOs, of departments all of coordination to appointed Adviser, Technical Chief who a that proposed is It • • • • • • following: the grassroots. Thiscommitteewillincludethe ofstakeholdersdownas well asthesupport to the executive and legislative arms of government the Structure Plan will require the input of both Committee (PF&PC):Theimplementationof • • • • • • • • • • • The Pr ol dul a Programme as double would Planning andUrban Development Honourable CommissionerofLands,Physical Assembly Chairman, Budget CommitteeoftheState Two representatives ofthecommunity Urban renewal Agencyand Finance, Budget andAdministration Town Planning Permit authority Works andtransport Education Public health Community Development Honourable CommissionerforWomenAffairs Honourable CommissionerforJustice Honourable CommissionerforHealth Honourable CommissionerforEnvironment Honourable CommissionerforFinance - The Deputy Governor ofthe State Transport Honourable CommissionerforWorksand

Chairman ogramme Finance andPolicy nue fetv priiain and participation effective ensure eeat tt Mnsre and Ministries State relevant oenet, CBOs, Governments, and the organized the and fcr be Officer, - ❚ Programme Officerwillincludethefollowing: The responsibilities ofChief Technical Adviser/ The Chief Technical Adviser/Programme Officer: Project. custodian andoverall manageroftheStructure Plan Physical Planning andUrban Development willbe the project. The Honourable Commissioner ofLands, project and give policydirection forimplementationof This committeewillapprove theannualbudgetfor in thestate. process plansforapproval andmonitor developments Government Level. Theseauthoritiesandoffices areto Local Planning Permit Offices(LPPO)attheLocal establish District Planning Permit Offices(DPPO)and (PPA) located in the State MLPPUD.ThePPA would Development Control isthePlanning Permit Authority The department responsible for Plan Approval and CONTROL APPROVAL AND DEVELOPMENT PROCEDURE FORPLANNING 8.4 ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ Urban Renewal Agency, MLPPUD, thePlanning Permit Authority andthe Advisory, tothe managerialandtechnicalsupport consideration ofthePIC andPF&PC. to prepare documentationforthe allnecessary agencies andparticipating Liaison withtheMinistry Preparation andannualproject reports, ofquarterly Monitoring andevaluation ofwork done, Provision ofwork plans, • • • • • ments Auditors Local Govern General of participating Auditor General oftheState Representative oftheHead ofService sion Chairman, LocalGovernment Commis Service The tothe Secretary State Government -

Secretary - - The capacities of the offices of state MLPPUD and Plan Permit Authority are to be enhanced through 8.5 regular training. The PPO at the Local Government CAPACITY BUILDING Level and DPPO at the district level will need to be strengthened through provision of equipment and training of staff. This will ensure that applications for permit are processed and approved within a specified Training and re-training of human resources is vital to time to facilitate development. The capacity needs have the growth of any organization. Potentials of staff are to been identified in various sections of this plan. Table be fully harnessed for the successful implementation, 8.2 below shows some of identified capacity building enforcement and monitoring of the plan. preferences.

TABLE 8.2 Capacity building activities (2014-2033)

Proposed capacity building programme Short Term Medium Term Long Term (2014-2018) (2019-2023) (2024-2033) Participatory approaches to urban planning management, √ √ √ transparency and accountability Gender in Developmental process √ √ √ Land tenure security for the land income √ √ √ Development process control, monitoring and Evaluation √ √ √ Application of GIS in land use Planning, information storage √ √ √ and retrieval and urban info management Creating awareness and developing the capacity of NGOs, √ √ √ FBOs, CBOs and CBAs that will assist people at the grassroots level to engage their LGs for effective governance. Chapter 8: Structure Plan Implementation Chapter 8: Structure for Iwo Planning Area Workshops on Disaster Management, security issues, climate √ √ √ change, deforestation, pollution, flooding etc 75

8.6 8.7 SUSTAINABILITY OF PLAN MONITORING EVALUATION AND IMPLEMENTATION REVIEW OF STRUCTURE PLAN

Sustainable implementation of the Structure Plan For the Structure Plan to respond effectively to would involve the general cooperation of the State emerging scenarios, it would be necessary to provide Government and other stakeholders. Implementation opportunities for monitoring, evaluation and review of procedure must be guided with vigor, commitment and the plan from time to time. It is recommended that a transparency. Technical support would be sought by the quarterly monitoring schedule and an annual review State Government where necessary and cooperation of of the performance of the plan are adopted. As may non-governmental organizations as well as bilateral and be expected in any monitoring and review exercise, it multilateral institutions would be explored. may be necessary to input new plans and projects into the Structure Plan for Iwo Planning Area and environs, particularly when the need for such developments arises. The project implementation committee would responsibility for developing indicators for plan performance, evaluation and review from time to time. 76

Structure Plan For Iwo and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project TUGI (2002): UNDP (1997): Badiora (2012): World Bank (2006): The World Bank (1991): Park (2007): Wahab, B.(1983):More thanshelter. Aninaugurallecture delivered atObafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife. UN-HABITAT (2009):Structure Plans forOnitsha andEnvirons, Nairobi Kenya. UN-HABITAT (2006):RapidUrban Sector Profiling for Sustainability (RUSPS) – Project UN Habitat (2002): REFERENCES University Press. Poland andGovernment ofNetherlands mented by UN-HABITAT andfinanced by the European Commission, Government of Italy, Government of designed and imple and designed - APPENDIX 1

MINISTRY OF LANDS, PHYSICAL PLANNING AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT

THE IWO CITY CONSULTATION DECLARATION

ON PREPARATION OF STRUCTURE PLAN FOR IWO AND ENVIRONS, STATE OF OSUN Held on Monday 15th July, 2013

We the indigenes, residents and stakeholders in the City of Iwo and environs, the State of Osun, comprising representatives of various groups in the city including traditional institutions, community development associations, women’s groups, trade associations, security agencies, youths, non-governmental organisations, the media and civil servants met to deliberate on several issues identified in the profile studies on the city, at the City Consultation held in Iwo on Monday 15th July, 2013.

After deliberating exhaustively on the issues raised in the City Profile studies towards determining the best path for the sustainable future development of Iwo and environs, we do hereby agree and state that we:

Note the historical antecedents of Iwo and it’s pivotal in the promotion of social, cultural, economic and political development of the state and the nation;

Appreciate the collaboration between the State of Osun and the United Nations Human Settlements Programme

(UN HABITAT), the selection of Iwo and environs for the Structure Plan Project and the participatory approach Appendix adopted for the exercise. In particular, the participants appreciated the opportunity for constructive engagement offered to all stakeholder groups towards contributing to the development of the city; 77 Acknowledge that the City Consultation featured elaborate technical presentations of key issues with participants divided into four syndicate groups for further in-depth discussions;

Agreed on several critical thematic issues and resolved as follows:

A. URBAN PLANNING, SHELTER AND SLUMS, LOCAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT:

❚❚ Commend the efforts of the State Government in carrying out the renewal of inner areas of the city through the O-Renewal programme and urge an extension of the programme to peri-urban areas around the town.

❚❚ Urge the State Government to expedite action on the final passage of the Urban and Regional Planning Bill for the State of Osun, to give legal muscle to the implementation of the adopted Structure Plans for the state.

❚❚ In line with the current efforts towards computerizing the Land Information System (O-LIS) in the state, stakeholders should be sensitized and empowered to register their Title Deeds to enable them reap the associated socio-economic benefits.

❚❚ Urge the State Government to adopt strategies to discourage land speculation to ensure land availability for Land Use Planning and orderly development of Iwo and environs.

❚❚ Urge the State Government of Osun to adopt necessary measures to ensure that plans and regulations for the orderly development of Iwo and environs are implemented and respected, including taking steps to:

• Provide serviced plots, housing and associated infrastructure as well as ensure the removal of illegal structures where necessary;

• Facilitate access to land and promote access to social housing for the poor 78

Structure Plan For Iwo and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ c. ❚ ❚ ❚ B. ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ • • • • • • • • • • heritage sites heritage includingrenovation of Oluwo’s Palace by retaining theexistingtraditionaledifiesandupgradingall Urge theState Government toexploit the extensive tourismpotentialsassociatedwiththestate’s richcultural and generateincome andpromotionpreservation ofhistoricalmonuments andsiteslikeOke-Oore rock toboosttourismactivities ofthe Commend theefforts State government indeveloping and restoring Heritage sitesinthetown, including Government projects shouldbeevenly distributedwithinIrewole andIsokan LGAs Ensure theachievement ofaffirmative action inoccupationofleadershippositionsallsectors resources forwealth creation Urge the State Government to take appropriateimprove steps to further women’s and access to opportunities State ofOsun; ofthe Commend theefforts State government inenhancingthestatusofwomenandvulnerablegroups inthe Urge theState Government to: channels urged toembark onthechannelizationofrivers inthecity andthereconstruction ofbroken down drainage Commend thestategovernment’s towards efforts combatingfloodingand erosion. However, Government is well aspromote safedisposalofwastesfrom hospitals and provide safesolidwastedisposalsitestomeettheneedsofgrowing populationofIwo andenvirons as atensuring Commend theefforts regular refuse collectionandurgethestategovernment tosustaintheefforts

Empower Planning Agenciestoprevent buildingonfloodplains,steepslopes andwastesites Evacuate solidwastesonadailybasisinthemarkets andthriceweekly intheresidential neighborhoods; ensure ofDrainage construction channelstoprevent floodinginareas likeLetikoin Iwo and Ile Arabain Kuta erosion Ensure completionofon-goingdrainagechannelswhichhave adversely affectedthestateof roads through Facilitate accesstocredit by informalsectoroperatorsthrough innovative approaches Develop businessincubatorsfor Youths withinnovative businessideas. Provide modernmarkets andrehabilitate existingonestofacilitatelocaleconomicgrowth inIwo andenvirons; (SMEs) Create incentives for private investments in agricultural value-added Small and Medium Scale Enterprises avoid confiscation by government Encourage Villager Heads (Baales) tosensitisetheirsubjectsontheneeddemolishdilapidatedbuildings to houses Ensure thattheexisting land acquired by State andOSDPCinIwo Ministry town is used toprovide low cost GENDER, GOVERNANCEANDHERITAGE URBAN ENVIRONMENTANDINFRASTRUCTURE: d. URBAN SERVICES, SAFETY AND TRANSPORTATION

❚❚ Commend the efforts of the State Government towards the delivery of Basic Urban Services, notably through measures to improve of potable water, electricity supply, provision of educational services and delivery of health care services to all, especially children, women and the elderly;

❚❚ Urge the State Government to further accelerate its efforts towards the provision of adequate basic urban services, including decent education, health, water supply, parks and recreation for all areas of Iwo and environs etc, including the following;

• Promote Public-Private Partnership in the provision and management of basic urban services and build the capacity of agencies and civil society organisations

• Facilitate coordination of activities and build capacity among operatives of safety agencies to promote urban safety and risk reduction

❚❚ Commend the efforts of the State Government towards enhancing urban mobility, notably through the upgrading and rehabilitation of roads in Iwo and environs, the O-Renewal Programme and other schemes to promote an integrated and coordinated multi-nodal transportation in the town, including to enforce demolition of illegal structures on vehicular rights of way to allow for functional road network

❚❚ Further urge the State Government to accelerate the repair of all urban roads, to facilitate economic and social welfare of the State of Osun

We the undersigned, as representatives of all Stakeholders present at the Iwo City Consultation, pledge our full commitment and support to the implementation of this Declaration.

This is the Declaration of stakeholders at the Iwo City Consultation, this 15th day of July, 2013. Appendix Signed by:

Local Government Chairman : ………………………………………… 79 Representative of Traditional rulers : ………………………………………… Representative of Ministry : ………………………………………… Representative of Community Associations : ………………………………………… Representative of CSOs : …………………………………….…... Representative of NGOs : ………………………………………… Representative of Women Groups : ………………………………………… Representative of Youths : ………………………………………… Representative of Trade Groups : ………………………………………… Representative of Religious Groups : ………………………………………… 80

Structure Plan For Iwo and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project SYNDICATE SESSIONS:SUMMARY OFOUTCOMES IWO PLANNINGAREA:SUMMARY OFCRITICALISSUES APPENDIX 2 1 GROUP 2 4 2 1 GROUP 1 ISSUES DISCUSSED URBAN ENVIRONMENTANDINFRASTRUCTURE Environment The Urban Development Local Economic Physical Planning Shelter andslums ISSUES DISCUSSED URBAN PLANNING,SHELTER ANDSLUMS,LOCALECONOMICDEVELOPMENT DECISIONS REACHED • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • DECISIONS REACHED residential neighborhoods Solid wastesshouldbeevacuateddailyinthemarketsandthriceweekly inthe affected thestateofroads through erosion There isneedforcompletionofon-goingdrainagechannelswhichhaveadversely There isneedforamore andimplementclean-up ambitiouscampaigntomodernize Saturdays) There isneedtoensure more frequent evacuationbyrefuse trucks(Nowonlyon There isneedtoenforce thecollectionofwastechargesamongpeople There isneedforprovision ofrefuse disposalfacilitiesaround marketsandpublicareas compliance withsanitationregulations atdomesticandcommunitylevels There isneedtore-introduce theservicesofSanitaryInspectors(Wole Wole) tomonitor their businesses Women shouldbeassistedtoformCooperativeSocietiesandaccesssoftloansfor Provision offactoriesandindustriestoboostemployment; Provision ofbothstateandfederalinstitutions; Police Area Commander Office; NDLEAoffice; Provision ofmechanicvillage; shouldprovideGovernment necessarymaterialsfertilizer, loanforfarmers; Provision market; ofultra-modern reoccurrence. Implementation ofremedial measures immediately afterdemolitiontoavoid and watercoursesunderpowerlines Enforce demolitionofstructures locatedadjacent toriverroutes onlowlandriverbasins road network. Enforce demolitionofillegalstructures onvehicularrightsofwaytoallowforfunctional commercial activitiesare confinedwithintheirdesignatedzones shouldundertakeenlightenmentandenforcementGovernment toensure that conspicuously markedanddemarcated shouldensureGovernment boundariesforbuildings,especiallyschools,are apply penaltiesonviolatorsofmarketboundaries shouldenforceGovernment PlanningRegulationsforexistingandnewmarkets by appropriate authorities All newlyhousesbuiltwithoutapproved plansshouldapplytohavetheapproved Improper zoningofhousesandpoorqualityhousingconditionstobeaddressed owners; All thebuildingsunderhigh-tensionwires andriversetbackstoberemoved bythe There isneedimprove accesstodecenthousing; Health officers shouldmonitorclearingofthebuildings; dilapidated buildingstoavoidconfiscationbygovernment; Heads(Baales)shouldsensitisetheirsubjectsontheneedtodemolish Villager family buildings Descendants andfamilymembersshouldbeencouragedtocollectivelyrehabilitate their OSDPC inIwotowntoprovide lowcosthouses shouldmakeuseoftheexistinglandacquiredGovernment byStateMinistryand development shouldliaisewithTraditionalGovernment rulerstoacquire land forlow-costhousing 2 Inadequate • Provision of drainage to prevent flood; Infrastructure • Need for Provision of basic amenities and improvements in basic infrastructure like water, electricity and other infrastructure across the city • More access roads required to rural area • Need for modern Maternity Centre for the Imo community • Drainage channels should be constructed to prevent flooding in areas like Letiko in Iwo and Ile Araba in Kuta 4 Conservation of • Illegal felling of trees should be banned and penalties enforced for defaulters. Each forest resources household should also be encouraged to plant a tree. • Afforestation – Massive planting of trees and beautification of the environment required GROUP 3 GENDER-GOVERNANCE-HERITAGE ISSUES DISCUSSED DECISIONS REACHED 1 Gender • Provision of loan for women to sustain their business and there should be proper monitoring to ascertain the proper use of the loan; • More women to participate in cooperative society; • Encourage women to allow their children especially girls to have western education up to the university level; • Provision of residents Doctors for the citizens, especially women, to have access to the health facility; • Establishment of mechanised industry; • Provision of potable water; • Women should be assisted to claim their rights with respect to inheritance of land 2 Governance • Government projects should be evenly distributed within Iwo and Ayedire LGAs • There should be 35% women representation in governance and politics; • Accountability in Government should be enforced in all aspects; • Additional Local Government areas should be created.

3 Heritage and • Preservation and promotion of historical monuments and sites like Oke-Oore rock to Historic Sites boost tourism activities and generate income • Renovation of Oluwo’s Palace by retaining the existing traditional edifies. GROUP 4 BASIC URBAN SERVICES AND TRANSPORTATION ISSUES DISCUSSED DECISIONS REACHED 1 Basic Urban Services • There is need for provision of storage containers for waste disposal with payment of Appendix (Education, health, N500 monthly; water and energy) • There is need for provision of public toilets in public places like markets, parks etc with payment of charges for its use; 81 • The step down transformer in Iwo should be put to use; • The existing Technical College should be upgraded; • There is need to equip schools with adequate facilities and staff, especially in the core subjects like Maths, English and the Sciences • Needs more medical consultants at the General Hospital; • Maternal and Child care services should be prioritized • More doctors should be employed to ensure they are resident in hospitals • The existing water supply is inadequate to cater for the growing populace. Water expansion scheme should therefore be prioritized in the Structure Plan • Provision and rehabilitation of more road network; • Private sector can participate in the delivery of services for household connections by proving meters Urban Mobility • Need for adoption of appropriate standards for road design, construction, traffic management and management • Zebra-crossing should be provided around school area • Over-head bridges should be provided across all dual carriage roads • Drainage channels should be provided on all roads • Facilities to be provided by the government should be laid out properly so that people will not have to dig across the road while trying to connect to the services • Appropriate standard road design, construction, traffic management should be adopted • Need for provision of appropriate parking spaces • Construction of Omi culvert; • Okada riders are doing well but they should have uniforms and desist from drinking alcohol; • Underage children should be discouraged from driving taxi cabs; • All the bus stops should be repaired; 82

Structure Plan For Iwo and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project TABLE 3 TABLE 2 TABLE 1 RECOMMENDED LANDUSEDESIGNSTANDARDS APPENDIX 3 Special density High density Medium density Low density Multiple-Family Dwellings High density Medium density Low density Semi-detached andRowhousing High density Medium density Low density Bungalow (detached) Types ofDwellings Industrial Public andsemi-publicuses(schools,clinics,worshippingplaces,cemeteries,etc) Roads andstreets (right-of-way) Parks, playgrounds andotherorganizedopenspaces(recreation) Local/neighborhood commercial (market)area Residential (dwellingplots) Land Use Family size 12 10 8 6 4 FloorArea Requirements bySizesofFamilies RecommendedDensitiesforResidentialDevelopments NeighborhoodLandUseEstimates Minimum No.ofhabitable No ofdwellingsper rooms 6 5 4 3 2 24 –more hectares 20 –24 18 –20 16 –18 14 –16 12 –14 10 –12 8 –10 6 –8 4 –5 Gross Density No ofpersonsper 200 –more 180 –299 160 –180 140 –160 Floor area insqmeter hectares 60 –70 50 –60 40 –50 60 –80 50 –60 40 –50 minimum 95 82 65 50 40 No ofdwellingper 40 –more hectares 36 –40 32 –36 28 –32 24 –28 20 –24 16 –20 12 –16 8 –12 6 –8 Percentage ofDevelopedArea Net Density Floor area insqmeter desirable No ofpersonsper 120 100 85 70 50 360 –more 320 –360 280 –320 240 –280 180 –240 160 –180 130 –160 100 –130 hectares 70 –100 60 –70 15 –20 15 –20 10 –12 50 –60 3 –4 7-10 TABLE 4 Recommended Minimum Plot Area for Different Types of Housing

Minimum plot in sq. meter Types of Residential Development Detached Housing Semi-detached Housing Row House Rehabilitation of slum dwellers and improvement of 240 160 120 sub-standard area Low-cost housing in urban areas 360 240 180 Normal housing development 500 333 250

TABLE 5 Recommended Maximum Plot Coverage

Maximum percentage plot coverage Types of Residential Development Detached Housing Semi-detached Housing Row House Rehabilitation of slum dwellers and improvement of 50 65 65 sub-standard areas Low-cost housing in urban area 50 60 65 Normal housing developments 40 50 60

TABLE 6 Minimum Set-Backs of Dwellings from Plot Lines

Types of Residential Development Minimum set-back in metres Front Side Rear Rehabilitation of slum dwellers and improvement of 3 3 3 sub-standard areas

Low-cost housing 4.5 3 3 Appendix Normal housing development 6 3 3 83

TABLE 7 Minimum Distance between any Two Buildings, Back to Back

Types of Residential Development Minimum Distance in metres Rehabilitation of slum dwellers and improvement of sub-standard areas 4.5 Low-cost housing 6 Normal housing development 6

TABLE 8 Percentage Area Devoted to Commercial Development by Size of Town

Size of Town Population Commercial area as percentage of total developed area Small Below 50,000 2.0 – 3.0 Medium 50,000 – 250,000 3.0 – 4.5 Large Above 250,000 4.5 – 6.5

TABLE 9 Recommended land Allocation in a Commercial Area/Market

Land Use Percentage of Developed Area Shops/Stalls 30 – 40 Organized open spaces 15 – 20 Utilities, services and facilities 10 – 15 Streets, walks, parking lots etc 15 – 20 Other uses 10 – 12 84

Structure Plan For Iwo and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project TABLE 13 TABLE 12 TABLE 11 TABLE 10 TABLE 14 Other uses Roads, parkinglotetc. Utilities, servicesandfacilities Organized openspace Work sheds Land Use Banks Commercial Offices Large Small Department Stores Major Minor Market Type ofcommercial development Path (walk) Local Commercial Road Minor Commercial Road Major Commercial Road Type ofRoad Banks Commercial establishments Department stores Markets Convenience shops Types ofcommercial Development Access Street Collector Road Major Road Highway Types ofRoad RecommendedLanduseStandard inIndustrialArea/Estates NumberofParkingspacesperGross Hectare ofCommercial Development RecommendedWidthsofRoadsinCommercial Area RecommendedSet-BacksofCommercial Property Linesfrom Centre LinesofAbuttingStreets RecommendedSet-BacksforIndustrialProperty Linesfrom Centre-Lines ofRoads Major street Carriageway 15 –20 15 –20 12 –15 Minimum - - 12 15 18 24 12 15 3 9 No. ofparkingspacesperhectare ofsitearea Set-backs inmetres Width inmetres Collector street Percentage ofDevelopedArea 15 –20 12 –15 12 –15 12 -15 - Set-back inmetres 15 –20 20 –25 10 –15 50 –55 15 –25 30 –45 25 –30 30 –45 25 –30 25 –30 5 –10 Right-of-way Desirable 15 18 21 30 18 22 24 6 Local street 9 –12 9 –12 - - - TABLE 15 Recommended Width of Carriageway in Industrial Area/Estates

Width of Carriageway in metres Types of Road Minimum Desirable Highway 15.0 18.0 Major Road 13.2 15.0 Collector Road 10.8 12.6 Access Street 9.0 10.8

TABLE 16 Set-Backs of Petrol Filling Bays from Centre-Lines of Abutting Roads

Types of abutting road Set-back in metre from the centre line of the road Outside City Limits Trunk ‘A’ Road 30 Trunk ‘B’ Road 25 Trunk ‘C’ Road 20 Within City Limits Major Road 30 Collector Road 21 Other Road 15

TABLE 17 Population to be served by each Type of Facility and Radius of Catchment Area

Types of health facilities Population to be served Radius of catchment area in Km. Appendix Central or State hospital Served the entire population of the state General hospital ½ million – 1 million 70 – 100 District hospital 100,000 – 150,000 30 – 40 85 Specialized hospital 150,000 – 300,000 40 – 60 Health centre 30,000 – 50,000 15 – 20 Maternity home 20,000 – 30,000 4 – 7 Dispensary 15,000 – 20,000 2 – 3 Health office 10,000 – 15,000 10 – 15

TABLE 18 Desirable Site Areas for Health Facilities

Site Area in Hectares Types of healthy facility Minimum Desirable Central or State hospital 40 50 General hospital 20 24 District hospital 6 10 Health centre 2.5 4 Maternity home 2 2.5 Dispensary 0.5 1 Health office 2.5 4 86

Structure Plan For Iwo and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project TABLE 21 TABLE 20 TABLE 19 TABLE 22 Major residential street Types ofStreet Fire Stations Small Towns Medium SizeTowns Large Towns Telephone Exchange Agency Sub-Post office Post office Central postoffice Post andTelegraph Services Pedestrian walk Cycle Track Cul-de-sac Service Street Local Street Secondary road Major road Path (walk) close Lop (crescent) street, cull-de-sac(dead-end) street or Local residential street Collector street QuantityofPotableWater tobesuppliedaCommunityforVarious Purposes DesignStandard forElementsofVarious Types ofRoads RecommendedWidthsofStreets inResidentialAreas SpaceStandards forServices Commercial Domestic Industrial Purpose Total Civic carriage lanes Number of 3 ormore 2 –3 3 –4 1 1 2 2 Population tobeserved serve 25,000–50,000 More than750,000 One Fire Stationto 750,000 –50,000 25,000 –10,000 50,000 –25,000 Line per1,000 population Population carriage wayin 5 –10 1 –2 2 –3 10 ormore Width of 10 –13.2 1.8 –3.0 1.8 –2.4 7.2 –10 metres 7.2 7.2 Quantity ofwatertobesuppliedinlitres percapitalday Minimum Width inMetre Carriage-Way 114 12 14 16 72 Width ofright way inmetres 3.75 –50hectares perfire 20 ormore Site area inhectares 12 –16 16 –20 3 –4.5 12 12 12 15 0.18 –2.5 0.35 –5.0 0.65 –10 3 8 9 station 0.625 2.5 5.0 7.5 Minimum radius of verticalcurve in M. 30 45 60 75 Desirable 200 100 30% -331/2% 30% -331/2% 30% -331/2% 30% -331/2% Site coverage Right-of-Way 30% -331/2% 30% -331/2% 20 50 30 25% -30% Minimum safe sight distance 15 18 24 30 6 in M. 130 65 65 90 TABLE 22 Number of Cars to be Parked along Curbs per Furlong at Different Angles of 1 Curb Parking on one Side

Angle of curb parking Number of car spaces per furlong Dimension (metre) of road 1800 (Parallel) 30 5 x 2.5 300 (Angle) 35 5 x 2.5 450 (Angle) 40 5 x 2.5 600 (Angle) 45 5 x 2.5 900 (Perpendicular) 50 5 x 2.5

TABLE 23 Minimum Dimensions for the Design of Parking facilities (Drive-in Layout)

Width of stall in Angle of isle Width of Isle in Depth of stall Width of stall Unit parking metres parking metres perpendicular to parallel to Isle in depth in metre Isles in metre metre 2.4 30° 3.6 5.0 5.0 14 2.4 45° 3.6 6.0 3.6 16 2.4 60° 7.0 2.0 3.0 21 2.4 90° 8.0 1.8 2.4 21 2.7 30° 3.6 4.5 6.0 14 2.7 45° 3.6 6.0 3.6 16 2.7 60° 6.0 6.5 3.3 20 2.7 90° 8.0 7.0 2.5 21

TABLE 24 Number of Car Parking Spaces

Types of development Number of car parking spaces Residential Low density areas 6-8 Car spaces per gross hectare of residential development Medium density areas 8-12 Car spaces per gross hectare of residential development High density areas 12-16 Car spaces per gross hectare of residential development On an average two cars for each dwelling unit Shopping and commercial centres Regional 3 cars spaces per 10sq m of shopping and commercial frontage Major 2 cars spaces per 10sq m of shopping and commercial frontage Minor 1 car space per 10sq m of shopping and commercial frontage Shops 1 car space to every 10sq of gross floor space Industrial Premises 3 car spaces for every 60-100 sq. m of industrial floor space, or 1 car space to every 7-10 employees Administration Areas 4 car spaces for every 60-100 sq. m of administrative floor space; or 1 car space for every 30sq. m. of gross floor space Hotels 1 car parking space to every 5-8 bed rooms Hospitals 1 car parking space to every 4 to 5 beds Cinemas and Theatres 1 car parking space to every 15-20 seats Restaurants 1 car parking space to 10-15 seats Churches and Mosques 1 car parking space to 10-15 worshippers 88

Structure Plan For Iwo and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project TABLE 25 TABLE 26 Types ofGame Football Basket Ball Netball Volley Ball Lawn Tennis Double Lawn Tennis Single Hockey Tennis Court Cricket Badminton Singles Wicket 100 visitor/patrons parking spacesper Number ofcar Table Tennis Badminton Doubles Site Coverage Polo Site area inhectares areas inkm Radius ofservice facility served byaunit Population tobe Particulars Rugby Standards forPlaygrounds Standards forSocio-Cultural ActivityAreas 10,000 -25,000 Community 30% -35% 0.5 -0.75 Centre 4 -6 1 -2 Game Area Dimensions Church/ Mosque 20m apart in metres 5,000 -15,000 126 x 5.1 x13.5 560 x100 10.8 x24 18 x288 1.5 x2.7 8.0 x21 6 x13.5 45 x90 14 x26 15 x30 15 x24 55 x92 25% -33% 9 x18 0.5 -1 5 -8 1 -2 25,000 -50,000 Public Library 30% -35% 0.5 -1 4 -6 1 -2 Sides 2.5 2.5 2.5 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.2 10 50,000 -100,000 6 3 2 3 6 9 Clearance inmetres 30% -35% Museum 1.11 -2 5 -8 2 -4 50,000 -100,000 Cemetery Burial Ends ground 1.8 2.5 -5 20 15 ------9 3 3 6 3 6 5 3 6 3 3 5 -8 1 -3 89 90

Structure Plan For Iwo and Environs (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project 91 Unprecedented population and spatial growth experienced over the past half Century in the State of Osun, South West Nigeria, has resulted in various undesired conditions in its cities. These include haphazard and uncoordinated physical development, overcrowding and congestion within inner city neighborhoods, inadequate provision of infrastructure and services, as well as deteriorating social and environmental conditions, which make the cities generally unsustainable and unable to support the state’s development objectives anchored on its Six-Point Integral Action Plan.

The Osun Structure Plans Project was therefore initiated to address the challenges of unsustainable urbanization using the Rapid Urban Sector Profiling for Sustainability (RUSPS) methodology and also guide the development of the nine largest cities over the next 20 years, as a follow-up to the ongoing ‘O-Renewal’ regeneration programme for core areas in these cities.

The Structure Plan for Iwo and Environs seeks to build capacity and aid strategic decision- making with main focus on setting the broad structure for the direction of future growth of the city, taking account of topographical, environmental and socio-economic constraints and considerations; providing for the co-ordination of present and future commercial activities and public services as well as proposing a staged urban development strategy within growth corridors to maximize efficiency in the provision of key infrastructure and services.

HS Number: HS/052/15E ISBN Number (Series): 978-92-1-133396-1 ISBN Number (Volume): 978-92-1-132671-0

UNITED NATIONS HUMAN SETTLEMENTS PROGRAMME P.O.Box 30030,Nairobi 00100,Kenya; Tel: +254-20-7623120; [email protected]