Registered in Australia for Transmission by Post as a Periodical Category B. EMERGENCY SEmPCR FLOREII July 23 1971 vol. 41 no. 10 twenty cents 2 semper floreat July 23 1971

Dear Robyn, dougie does it again. Last Thursday (15/7) an event occurred on campus which did not arouse nnuch student interest. Sir lan McLellan, Chairman of At the July 13th Meeting of Council, called B.H.P., gave an address on 'the opportunities to discuss the bail fund. Miss Ann White arising from mineral development in Aus­ commented of Miss Gail Carney. In the tralia.' The address was dull but Sir lan was minutes the following was recorded: interesting. My thesis is that we ought "Miss Ann White objected to the fact that always look to the results of a system when Miss Carney had been absent from all appraising it and not its stated aims or council meetings but had apologised for only letters aspirations. Is Sir lan, who has through a life two previous meetings and yet has seen sit to of hard work achieved one of the highest apologise and give a proxy for this meeting." positions in Australia worthy of emulation? On Thurs. night he appeared dyspeptic, his In the light of the following letters which flesh was pale, he was overweight, he moved were received Miss White apologises to Miss sluggishly, his voice droned. He said 'it gives Carney. me great pleasure' without the least 4/112 Galley Rd., expression of pleasure on his face. Most Taringa, telling of all were the dull expressionless 1B-7-71. more advice smoking kills eyes. When our own Zelman shook hands with Sir lan afterwards I was struck by how Hon. Sec, alike these men are and how different from University of Queensland Union, (ho hum!) 15th July, 1971 the humane and enthusiastic Dr. Spock. St. Lucia. Zelman who would not come along to the Dear Sir, Dear Sir, student revue to laugh at himself was there Further to enquiries by Miss Ann White, I The Editor, As it is now quite certain that tobacco to hear the mining industry gloat over its would like to confirm my resignation in the 1 am a first year evening student who was smoking Is a dangerous habit which is profits. told quite pointedly in the Orientation responsible for more heart and lung disease position of Part-Time Education Representa­ Handbook that in order to avoid being than any other single factor, Is it not time In the other Australian universities which tive as from March 1970. Since this month I referred to as a "stuffed chicken roasting on that cigarette vending machines be removed have all had the same problems, despite the have not been enrolled in the University of a spit" 1 should immerse myself in the "total from the students' refectory? students' dislike for the old-fashioned Queensland, therefore have been ineligible authoritarian position of vice-chancellor, the environment" on campus and not merely for the position. The presence of these machines is an open V.C. himself has been a respected person. At limit myself to course lectures, I was under the impression that my invitation to start smoking, hinders those Sydney university where I attended as an Imbued with varsity spirit, yet lacking the who are endeavouring to give up the habit under-graduate the V.C. was seen frequently resignation had been received as I have spare time to become a fencer, an actor or a and certainly has no place in an ellghtened walking about the campus and chatting to received no further communication from the demonstrator, t chose Semper as my campus community such as a University. people. It becomes more understandable Union possibly due to my change of address project-whenever 1 found a copy lying why Zelman skulks about the place and is so since I resigned. I wish to apologise for any around the Refectory. Yours faithfully, M. G. Miller. rarely to be seen when his own alliances and inconvenience this may have caused. Suffice to say, 1 am now a well-integrated sympathies are so clear. Yours sincerely, stuffed-chicken in certain aspects of the As I said before let us look at the results of following topics: (a) Prof. Zelman Cowan Gail Carney. the system. Walk down circular drive and see and (b) Vietnam. abortion again the bored, cynical and unsmiling faces of our (a) Now I don't for one minute entertain the fellow students. The university system idea that Semper is persuing an anti-Semitic 12th July, 1971. destroys the natural vitality of youth, by policy (as suggested by Max Harris and a making us all participate in a nasty Dear Madam, recent Courier Mail editorial). The trouble competition to beat the other fellow. It's I would like to reply to Mrs. Holmes arises with subject matter which has been so not hard to see what the results of this (Semper 5th July). over-exposed that authors of the same have system are. Just look at people like Sir lan simply run out of grubby little adjectives to The debate as to whether a foetus has and our professors. use. However, if local newspaper editors who human rights or not seems to me to be one have been accused of bias and misrepresenta­ of those unresolvable arguments. Either one Jim Smith, tion in the case of a certain Lord Mayor and believes that it has, in which case one would Botany Dept a certain university campus, allowed their never consider an abortion, or one believes pages to carry the continual small-minded that the rights of a foetus are not necessarily attacks that Semper carries every issue, some paramount over those of a woman, and responsible sub-editors would surely melt other children she may have. Indeed, this is down the linotype equipment in shame. reflected in laws on abortion, the foetus is High school students not seen as having paramount rights, if it (b) Now that Moratorium Day 1971 is over, did, abortion would be totally proscribed. perhaps the misery of the Vietnam conflict will be viewed in proper perspective. In Mrs. Holmes thinks that more strenuous brief: 1 There is another undeclared war of prosecution of "backstreet" abortionists "pathetic in rabble" butchery in East Pakistan. True, there have would be a good thing. As the law stands all been some efforts on behalf of the displaced, abortionists are backstreet operators, |NE of the mosl dietiirbing and dislresBing sights in the motley but has anyone really sought to lay blame on whether medically qualified or not. If Mrs. 0'moratoriu m rahhle was a pathetic grotip of young people advertising the aggressors, worked for permanent Holmes thinks that the unqualified ones themselves as high school students. should be stamped out, then this would partition of the country, or suggested Parents should know that another solution to the problem itself and make the existing laws even more those for the deliberate campaign of not merely the effect? the rich than they are now. political manipulation Ijy unfortunate that the low standards of many unscrupulous radica's and schools and the immaturity of most pupils Of course illegal termination of pregnancies Lelt-wmg teachers has had 2 While France is presently conducting a some effeci. Fortunately, the has allowed this success. series of nuclear tests in the Pacific, most takes place even In places where abortion is high standards o^ many legal, because in these places, e.g. in the schools and the com-, Teachers who use their positions of author­ Frenchmen sit comfortably on their der- monsense of most pupils rieres half a world away telling us that the U.K., women still have to front up to have kept this lo a min­ ity to Influence young people into accepting fallout is negligible, and Semper continues authorities and make a case for themselves imum. . their own deviant minority views on political to get abortions. Only when laws relating to Teachers who use their po­ and social issues are betraying the trust* writing about Vietnam. sitions of authority to in­ abortion are removed from the statue books society places In them. 3 D.D.T. has been found in the eggs of birds fluence young people into and women can freely decide for themselves accepting their own deviant in the Antarctic; voyagers on Ra II were minority \1ews on political In encouraging pupils to. remain apathetic whether or not to continue with an bogged down in oil slicks in the middle of and social issues are betray­ and politically non-committed they are, unwanted pregnancy, will illegal termina­ ing the trust society places the Atlantic Ocean; natural parks and exposing them to potentially dangerous tions cease. in them. reserves in Australia cover .5% of the land They are, of course, also situations. There Is no place in the teaching encouraging pupils to be­ profession for such persons and employing instead of the recommended 5%; over­ The fact that so many women manage to come involved in .situations population throughout the world is coming afford the very high fees charged by potentially dangerous. authorities should take appropriate action. along nicely with the Pope's blessing and abortionists, makes nonsense of the argu­ There Is no place in the teaching profession lor .such It is just the sort of emotionally charged, without too much interference from the ment that remedying economic factors persons and employing au­ Irrational and unfounded argument that will people best qualified to educate the masses; would lessen the incidence of abortion. thorities should lake !U)pro- nriate actioiir— It. n. Good­ eventually cause thinking students to reject there is racial apathy in Australia and Women do in fact, seem to object to bearing man, S."; Sixth Avcnup, Sl. the current so-called educational practices apartheid in South Africa. unwanted children, children whom, to my Lucia. [Dr. Goodman is and adopt practices that allow them to use mind, represent the greatest of social Senior Lecturer In EduuiUon, In spite of it all. Semper continues to University of Queensland.] their own intellect to question relevant tragedies. educate the educated about Vietnam. issues In society without bias engendered by People who oppose abortion on the grounds emotion or fear. Wake up! Show some fightl Tired articles in reply (whatever the subject) merely make good of concern for the unborn, seem to lose this Lee Carter Greg Mallory fuel for the fireplace. concern once the woman has been forced to ONE OF THE MOST DISTURBING AND Roy Short Peter Arnott bear the unwanted child. They are not at all P.S. Any inadequacies in this letter are the DISTRESSING SIGHTS IN THE COURIER Greg McKitrick worried about entrusting its care to someone MAIL (FRIDAY JULY 2) WAS A PATHET­ sole responsibility of the writer (an evening (DIP. ED. ACTION COMMITTEE) whom they claim wanted to murder it ICALLY EMOTIONAL LETTER FROM A student lacking the cruder refinements of a before it was born. PERSON ADVERTISING HIMSELF AS AN Also signed by: "total" university environment.) Yours etc. EDUCATION LECTURER. 2 school teachers, Jan Turner-Jones, (Mrs.) E. Pasmore, Parents should know that this deliberate 40 Dip. Ed. students, Social Work Secretary. campaign of political manipulation by 10 members of staff from the Education and unscrupulous reactionaries and right wing External Studies Depts., teachers has had some effect. It is 6 other members of staff. ^ semper floreat July 23 1971 3 States of emergency

Civil liberties and the rule of law do What will these powers be? We can only means that it is actively involved in not exist in Queensland. This is the look to past experience for guidance. the implementation of racist policies. only conclusion that can be drawn from The Nicklin government's order in the declaration of a state of emergency council, aimed at the suppression of - A person who is now a reader in by the govenunent on 14 July. Even at Mount Isa Mines' workers, provided anthropology in the department of the best of times, Queensland citizens for arrest, seizure and search without antliropology and sociology was an advis­ have only the flimsiest legal protect­ a warrant, for unrestricted censorship, er to the Queensland Government during ion against a law-and-order-through- for police to expel people from the the drafting of the Aboriginal and police-coercion regime. Now it is Mount Isa-Conclurry area and to ban Torres Strait Islanders Act. He is clear that even this can and will be people from entering or returning to the very pround of the act - the equivalent abolished by executive fiat for reasons area, and to control entary to union meet­ of the notorious South African pass no graver than the threatened disrupt­ ings. Let us have no doubts that the laws - and he cites it as an example ion of a foot±)all match. government's intentions in the present of what can be achieved by going up the situation will be no less repressive. right channels. Let us not be deceived into tJiinking that the situation is less grave than The effect of the goverrunent' s stand has - The university's structure and courses it is - that the government has 'made been to make law and order, rather than are such as to positively inhibit the a fool of itself'/ that we should apartheid, the issue. But we want to consideration and discussion of such 'play it cool*. Let us not be mollif­ make it clear that no matter how repress­ social problems as racism. ied by assurances given to Z. Cowen ive a government will be, it cannot that 'no action is intended or contem­ stultify and prohibit dissent and the - University state 13 (student discip­ plated beyond (acquiring the exhibition active stand of people on moral, polit­ line) is every bit as repressive as the grounds) and there is no warrant for ical and social issues. The real issue wide powers given to the police under a any apprehension that the liberties of is not law and order but the issue of state of emergency. It gives university officials absolute control over the move­ citizens will be affected.' The govern­ repression, authoritarianism and racism ments of all people on the campus. The ment' s action is a threat to liberty so manifest in the capitalist-order. administration can ban people from the so grave that it must not be tolerated. Let us not be deceived. Let us show campus, can prohibit the holding of meet­ It must be combatted by all and every that repression will not stop the act­ ings and the dist:ribution of pamphlets. means at our disposal. ion of free women and men, but will The vice-chancellor has an absolute dis­ increase it. cretion to suspend students prior to any If the state of emergency declaration disciplinary proceedings being brought extended only to the commandeering of THE UNIVERSITY - AUTHORITARIANISM against them. And finally, the admin­ the exhibition grounds, the situation AND RACISM istration is prosecutor, judge and jury would still be critical. In fact all at such proceedings. This statute was The government is thus prepared to t±e evidence proves that t:he govern­ drafted under the eye of Z. Cowen, ment's initial intention went well be­ institute police rule to support racism. which makes his 'protest' to the premier yond this. On 13 July Bjelke-Peterson The only question that now remains is: no more than rank hypocrisy. (There stated: "The police will be given much Why are people surprised about this? wider powers but ^e hope they will not The parallels between the now-overt can be no doubt that Cowen was acting have to use them." Despite this hope, authoritarian state regime and our opportunistically in this instance, in the state of emergency was to continue every-day situation ca; be made clear the hope of influencing votes at today's for a period following the springboks' by examining the connections between staff association meeting, where a motion calling for his resignation is being put visit 'in case the police had any the university and the regime, and the unfinished business.' Public outrage stirain of authoritarianism and racism prompted him to modify his steind some­ which runs through both. The following what. In a statement issued 15th July specific points can be made: In short, a state of emergency is the Bjelke-Peterson denied that any addit­ normal condition of the university of queensland. It thus follows that the ional powers were to be given to the - Governor Mansfield, whose assent goverrmient's action does not represent a police. The truth became available enabled the institution of the state of change of circumstances. It merely with the publication of the proclamat­ emergency, is chancellor of the univ­ gives dramatic evidence to the real ion and order in council, so that he ersity and a member of the senate. nature of our every-day existence. While 'conceded' that additional powers were it requires from us a response which is to be given to police - though these - The seriate of the university includes just as decisive, the lifting of the would be confined to the exhibition the director-general of education and state of emergency is only a very short- grounds. The point is simply this: the eleven government nominees. Prominent term goal. The fight against racism, premier is a proven liar, and cannot among the government appointees on the and authoritarianism in our institutions and must not be trusted. senate as presently constituted is j.w. must be seen as a long, hard struggle. Foots, managing director of Mount Isa Nor is there any reason to believe that Mines - the beneficiaries of the last there has been the slightest change in state of emergency. the government's intentions. As Hodges said, "it would not take long to get a - While the university heavily depends new order in council to get wider powers on state and federal governments for if it has to be." The conclusion is funds, it is also critically dependent fairly obvious. The government's rear on finance from industry. The bigger tricted drawing of its powers is simply donors to the university include Mount a tactical ploy with the purpose of Isa Mines and Comalco. Comalco is not­ defusing an explosive issue. People orious for its racialist policies at like Cowen are given pious inanities to Weipa, while its parent, CR.A. - also mouth in public, while the government a supporter of the university - is keeps its real powers hidden from the involved in appropriation of native public eye, but ready to be brought in lands at Bougainville. The university exactly when it suits its designs. does research for these companies, which 4 semper floreat July 23 1971 APARTHEID

THE CHILD AT RISK ASSESSMENT AND TREATMENT The infant mortality rale (deaths per 1,000 live births in The iiionl Irealment of fhe protein calorie malnutrition syn­ babies under 12 months), in the Aboriginal Australian varies from district to district, but can be up to 10 times higher than drome is prophylaclic— the overall Australian rate of approximately 20 deaths per (1) Ensur(' Ihnt tho bat)y is breast led for as long as 1,000 live births. The rate of deaths in the infants between 1 posiiiblo by a well-fed mothot. and 4 years is even higher (up to 17 times). The child is at greatest risk from the time that Ihe mother's milk supply (2) Introduce solid feeding according to standard infant fails in relalion to tha needs of the baby (approximately welfare practice, always remembering that good hy­ 6 months of age), until weaning is completed (approximately giene is essential, otherwisp gastro enteritis will re­ 2-3 years of age). sult (early introduction of solid food should prevent Between 6 months and 3 years of age a pattern of growth weight loss when the milk supply fails lo increase retardation is common. This is due fo enough to meet the needs of the child). low food intake and its clinical dehciencies Purulent . f bacterial Infection (3) Use a fortified dried milk preparation such as lacto­ "^ t chronic parasitism of the bowel with resulting mal­ natal gen, if the breast milk supply fails for children under absorption. 2 years of age. A suitable term to define the condition is Ihe protein calorie discharge. malnutntion syndrome. (4) Give vitamin and iron supplements to all babies and There is no definite final clinical picture of this syndrome pre-school children. as Ihe child may show — (1) GENERAL GROWTH RETARDATION — Marasmus is the Education of the community is the only way to achieve the gross result of this—the child looks obviously under­ ideal. nourished (kwashiorkor, the result of severe protein defi­ A '***• JmL ciency with a relative adequate-calorie intake in which To identify the protein calorie malnutrition syndrome, re­ the child shows growth retardation, oedema, skin and gular checks on height and weight in relation to age should hair changes, is rarely seen in Australia). be made. Failure to grow indicates the syndrome. When a (2) SPECIFIC DEFICIENCIES e.g. scurvy (Vitamin C); rick­ child fails to grow— ets (Vitamin D); anaemia (iron), »s (1) Check haemoglobin: give oral iron to children whose (3) FAILtiRE TO GROW—a fact which is often not appre­ haemoglobin is under 12 gms. per 100 mis.: check ciated by a brief look at the child, as the body retains the response after 1 month onr treatment. If the level normal weight to height proportions. A diagnosis can be is very low, intramuscular Iron may be preferred. made only when height and weight are related to age— the child looks like a normal child up to years younger (2) Check bowel parasite load using laboratory facilities than the actual age. These children usually show gener­ if possible; if not examine the stool. al biochemical deficiencies (e.g. low haemoglobin levels, low Vitamin C and folate levels). Bulky motions with no blood or mucus may indicate Children suffering from the protein calorie malnutntion syn­ giardiasis or tapeworm (Mepacrine or Flagyl) drome are less able to resist infection and may die suddenly' Bloody diarrhoea for more than i week—amoebiasis during an illness. The most common causes of death are:— (Flagyl); Gastro-enteritis 50% of all infant deaths pneumonia 47% of deaths belween 1 and A worm is passed—ascaris (Antepar); 16 years of age Hookworm eggs in faeces—hookworm (Aicopar), other infections 28% of deaths between 1 and 16 years of age (3) Eliminate the possibility of chronic infection such as Eighty-five per cent of aboriginal Infants dying from gastro­ otitis media, sinusitis, bronchiolitis. Long term (up enteritis or pneumonia have the protein calorie malnutrition to 3 months) antibiotic therapy may be required. I.M.I, syndrome prior to death. Children who survive after moder­ K^^;'^'ffi^''kh long acting penicillin appears to be Ihe drug ot ate or severe protein calorie malnutrition (particularly if choice. Daily ear toilets mav help the otitis media, It IS present under 18 months of age) may show poorer but this is extremely difficult to cure — antibiotic school performance and employment records possibly due Loose, watery bowel mollons and excoriation ol the buttocks. therapy in the early stages of acute otitis media is the to brain damage. •tjr^vr^r V ' •^.• best prophylaxis, and regular examination of the ap­ The types of chronic infection found in aboriginal children parently well child will detect this. can be divided into 2 broad groups — bowel infection (4) Give vitamins in high dosage for 1-2 months and respiratory tract infections (including ear infection). follow this by normal supplements.

BOWEL INFECTIONS (5) Give food in a form that the baby or child can lake; Acute bowel infection in aboriginal children rapidly causes remembering that the volume of a normal diet for dehydration which can be detected early if twice daily age may take days or even weeks to be accepted. weighing is carried out—weight loss indicates dehydration. The dangers of dehydraUon are heart failure (peripheral cir­ (6) Treat acute Infection actively and adequately—e.g. culatory failure) unless there is fluid replacement (subcu- bouts of acute gastro-enteritis should be treated by tiineous, inlraperiloneni or intravenous) and'an acute attack early and adequate fluid replacement, prophylactic of lung infection from organisms present in the nose and Thin under-nourished baby with diarrhoea antibiotics to prevent chest infection as well as local throat. treatment. In addition to attacks of bacterial or viral bowel infection. Aboriginal children commonly carry a high load of bowel parasites. The heaviest load is usually found in malnourish­ ed children. The types o( parasites found vary Irom district A CHILD'S GOOD HEALTH BEGINS 10 districl. Failure lo thrive may be aggravated by ihem, e.g. DURING THE PRENATAL PERIOD hookworm, round worms, tape worms, amoebiasis or giar­ diasis, etc, and eradication of these parasites may result in Expectant Aboriginal mothers should be encouraged to improvement in the child's general health by allowing food attend for regular prenatal care and to have their baby In absorption lo take place and preventing severe anaemia hospital under the supervision of trained staff. The staff from developing. should be fully aware of local birth customs and practices, as well as the management of the complications frequently RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS encountered during and immediately after delivery. These occur with varying frequency in the Aboriginal com­ munities. In somo areas almost every child has a "runny" The prenatal period Is the ideal time for education In nose and discharging ears. Even more sr^rious than this motheroraft, and Instruction should be given during attend­ is the 'silent" chest inleclion that can be associatedjvilh ance at prenatal clinics. Chronic bowel parasitism and In­ nasal discharge. This chest infection (bronchiolitis or even fections (particularly of the respiratory tract) should be in­ bronchiectasis) frequently cannot be delected by use of the Gum changes in early scurvy. vestigated and treated before delivery. stethoscope; the full extent of such chest infection may be detected only by X-ray examination. An indication of this may Dietary supplements of protein foods, vitamins, folic acid bo given by a loose cough either in tlie morning after exer­ and iron should be given where possible, during pregnancy tion or if Ihe child has been tipped upside down. Chronic and lactation. It Is not uncommon for anaemic Aboriginal ear infection may resull in destruction of the ear drum and mothers to die after delivery from blood loss, which Is possible hearing loss. assessed as moderate. These deaths are frequently sudden. 11 is Important lo remember lhal a child will tail to gain weight In spite ol For this reason anaemia should be treated during the pre­ what appeart to be an adequate diet, il severe anaemia is present. natal period and blood loss after delivery treated early and OBESITY IN BABIES vigorously (pituitary extract and I.V. therapy). Some Aboriginal babies may appear (o be well nourished, Another cause of death during childbirth is birth trauma and even (at. On examinatton of these babies, it is found 'hat 'fl^-ii^K ^WP^ii this is frequently associated with blood loss. Pre-eclampsla lh.:-y are extremely soft. This is probably the result ol excess and eclampsia are foundmore frequently than In the general caibohydrate In the diet. Respiratory tract infection and i^m:--•>>'V,'.-.*-'-^'-^ community and regular prenatal care Is the best solution to anaemic! are frequently present in these children. Abdominal distenskin In a dehydrated child. this problem. semper floreat July 23 1971 5 theirs and ours

DIFFERENTIATION OF THE It is extremely difficult to pick a sick Aboriginal child on (8) Examine the well child at regular intervals to diag­ superficial examination—height and weight for age, haemo­ nose acute infection and to assess weight gain LOW BIRTH WEIGHT BABY globin level, teniperature, pulse and respiration rates as well and height increase in relation to age. as clinical signs must all be taken into consideration. The child's nutritional stale at birth probably depends to a (9) Encourage the work of those teaching the principles of food preparation and hygiene, mothercraft and large extent on the nutritional state of the mother. This SUMMARY healthy living, and modify these teachings to suit Is poor if her food intake has been low and she has had local conditions. frequent pregnancies. Poor maternal nutrition can result in To (!(isiiiL' yood Moallh for Aboriginal children— low birth weight babies. These babies are not premature al­ (10) Remember that the Aboriginal Australian is not (1) Provirie .jddiiional food, vitamin and rninural sup- though they may weigh less than bVz lbs. (2,500gm.). They genetically small and lhat small, apparently well plornonis lor Ihe oxpeclant and lactaling mother. need food urgently if they are to survive vifithout brain children suffer from protein-calorie malnutrition. damage, as they have a low blood sugar level shortly after (;?) Liu;nui,ujc reguliir allendance Jor prenatal care (11) Remember to eliminate anaemia, bowel parasites, birth. Breast feeding should be begun within 1/2 hour of (during this time mothercraft instruction can be given and chronic infection treated). Encourage and chronic infection (particularly of ears and birth or, in the hospital situation, glucose and water should lungs) at the same time as improving Ihe diet of hospitalisation for delivery. be given. Two hourly feeding should then continue for the children who fail to thrive. first 3 to 4 days at least, to be followed by a routine accept­ (3) Encourage early onset of breast feeding particularly able to the baby. for the low birth weight baby. (12) Remember that children will continue to fail to thrive if, at the same time as they are being treated, (4) Encourage breast feeding for as long as possible. the general health and hygiene standards within the community are not improved. THE ROLE OF HOSPITALISATION (5)' Introduce solid feeding according to infant welfare Today there is a trend against hospitalisation of the sick practices remembering the need for instruction in (13) Remember that example and encouragement which the hygienic preparation of this food. give incentive to want to do the right thing have child because of the emotional trauma of separaUon from more permanent results as a means of education the lamily. However, if Aboriginal children are to survive (6) Use a fortified dried milk (e.g. lactogen) instead of than an authoritarian approach. they should be admitted to hospital for treatment. What may a plain dried milk for all children under 2 years, appear to be a minor illness, on close investigation (e.g, (14) Remember to encourage aboriginals to plan their chest X-ray) frequently proves to be a serious-one, requir­ (7) Give vitamin and mineral dietary supplements to all families. If family size is limited, a better standard children. of health should be possible for all. ing intensive treatmeni.

The above article is taken from a booklet issued by the are indeed doing something to them, as this article Department of Health of the Queensland Government. The clearly indicates. head of this Government is Bjelke-Petersen, closely associated with the League of Rights, instigator of the present state of emergency, and head of the Party most And despite the foreword which hoped that the booklet devoted to retaining the present Aboriginal and Torres might be useful to "doctors, social workers and teachers" Strait Islanders Act. associated with the care of children/ it was uncommonly hard to wrest it from the hands of the medical profession. This is not surprising: it reads at times like a diagnostic aid and clearly points up the inadequacies, not only in The booklet was lauded by THE COURIER-MAIL as evidence the present policy of assimilation, but in the training of that "we" are doing somethirig for "our aborigines". We white Australian doctors. .M^r-^ ff you could see our

you myrt be less '^^;...--'' keen to see RUGBY 6 setnper floreat July 23 1971 THE NEED FOR A "UNITOX"

R.J. BOSCOIT PRINCIPAL LIBRARIAiy MEDICAL LIBRARIES DEPARTMENT UNIVERSITY OF QLD,

Anyone lAfho is interested in the social The safety tests used for most compounds In DYEING AND DYING THALIDOMIDE THEN: WHAT NOW? consumer goods are established with the responsibilities of the Umversity should take Consider the human tragedy repeated in You may well ask "Could another drug pure compound, tested alone. Far too often a good long look at the broad subject of country after country among dyestuffs tragedy arise, similar in magnitude to the one chemical Is mixed with another and the toxic chemicals in man's environment. workers through the failure to communicate thalidomide catastrophy?" It would be quite product not tested for any altered toxicity Whose job is it to train people adequately to medical knowledge. In Germany by the end wrong to assume that this could happen only due to Interaction. All too frequently new assess the many dangers and to take the of World War I, the cause of the through the administration of a single drug. trace impurities produced by a new manu­ occupational disease, bladder cancer, was Drug interaction leading to new side effects necessary action? Is the public safeguarded facturing process for the chemicals are attributed to exposure of the workers to the may occur when two or more drugs or reasonably well against those hazards to ignored. And chemical toxic interaction, as dyestuffs intermediate B-naphthylamine. chemicals are administered together. By health which stem from the ever-increasing indicated above, can wreak havoc for man. The onset of this form of cancer may take "chemicals" one should include food addi­ range of chemicals introduced by industry? Does the graduate in agriculture know for many years, often long after leaving the tives artificial sweeteners, synthetic flavour­ Let us have a look at some of the past certain that the plant residues of some dyestuffs industry. Even as recently as the ing agents, food dyes, nitrites in corned pesticide that he has used will be the same problems and spotlight some of the potential early 1950s B-naphthylamine was detected beef-as well as air pollutants, including twth qualitatively and quantitatively, for dangers that lay ahead. Let us think about as an atmospheric pollutant in the vicinity of aerosol sprays used in the home, solvents different crops or even for the same crop and examine the problems of toxicity testing Manchester's dyeworks and had even con­ used in paints and cleaning agents. Further­ grown under different soil nutrient condi­ and the broad range of scientific disciplines taminated wild blackberry fruits growing in more the animals used in the toxicity tests, tions? How will such differences affect the the area. Yet despite a wealth of knowledge unlike man, are hardly likely to smoke that is involved. consumer? Will the pharmacist even consider concerning this carcinogen, a drug derived tobacco, drink alcohol, or be exposed to that inhalation of the metabolic inhibitor, from B-naphthylamine was marketed in the envlronnnental toxic agents uded in some piperonul butoxide, in a pyrethrum spray Whether or not they wish it, many graduates early 1960s in Sweden! The medicinal industrial process. The resultant dangerously may alter the metabolism and toxicity of the will be forced to seek employment in chemists had developed a series of nitrogen high blood pressure caused by interaction of drug he has just handed over to the industry. Eventually their actions, decisions mustard compounds as cytostatic agents to a drug (monoamine oxidase inhibitor anti­ customer? What is the toxicity of the Freon and lack of foresight may have very adverse control the blood disorder—polycythaemia. depressant) with cheese that had been eaten, propellant after passage through a lighted effects on society. In looking at some of the The most effective compound was the was discovered in man and not in a cigarette? Whether we like it or not, we are past human tragedies induced by chemicals, B-naphthyl derivative:- cheese-loving laboratory mouse. and the environmental mess that the world is ultimately the toxicity test animals and in, one can but conclude that the captains of some of us will no doubt be sacrificed! No Food and Drugs Administration depart­ ment would insist that a new drug should be industry were trained inadequately-socially, My general impression is that students are scientifically, politically and moralty\ Most tested for interaction with "the pill" or with not encouraged sufficiently to ask question scientists receive training that is far too the more commonly used food additives. in the realm of applied science. A research specialised and, all too often, excessively Will some newly introduced environmental chemist in industry may develop a new academic. (Chemists and engineers know all chemical increase greatly the weak tendency petrol additive that increases the miles per too little about health hazards In an of "the pill" to induce thrombosis? Clearly gallon obtainable from his company's industrial working environment). And how the task of proving absolute safety for a new product Will he ask himself how this will many lecturers would choose to spend a drug is well-nigh impossible, but there is a affect the levels of toxic substances in the sabbatical working with a research team in strong case for developing some mechanised exhaust gases? Will he consider raising the industry although high grade research in tests for toxic interaction between drugs .or question of what levels of co-carcinogens industry can be as intellectually demanding other environmental chemicals that we may would also be produced? Too bad his FROM as the most sophisticated research in a be exposed to for long periods of time, lecturers or librarian did not draw his university? To survive in an Industrial Toxicologlsts could easily miss a number of attention to the superb review Analysis for research team (beyond the age of 40) you toxic effects, for example:—a 15% diminu­ Aerotoxicants in the Nov. 1970 issue of -A/W. have to be first class, but all too often you tion in lifespan; a 20% decrease in memory Critical Reviews in Analytical Chemistry in are in some highly specialized area of oTo or learning capacity; a 30% decreased the Chemistry Library! Lecturers rely far research, with, unfortunately, too narrow an resistance to virus infections; or a greater too much on the recently published two academic background to realise the implica­ susceptibility to cancer of the lung through years out-of-date textbooks which form the tions of your work. To highlight this one smoking or to autoimmune disease. One cornerstones of many courses. might consider the herbicide 2,4,5-T (Fig. 1) Fig. 3 finds reports that certain central nervous used as a defoliant to expose the Viet-Cong system drugs when given to rats, before or in jungle warfare. Until very recently no Students can learn so much more by using during pregnancy, will cause an impaired chemist ever considered the possibility that recent review articles in their essays and maze learning ability in the offspring rats. this could lead to the births of malformed projects. Ultimately they wNl learn even Dare we extrapolate these findings to man as infants among the Vietnamese village popu­ more from having to think and 'dig' for The chemists had in fact, hybridised bladder possible causes of mental defects in newborn themselves. There should be far more lations. Recent work suggests that the active cancer indusing B-naphthylamine with a infants? There is some statistical support insistence on raising questions and issues, to agent may be 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro dibenzo-p- mutagenic nitrogen mustard radical. The relating an increased incidence of malforma­ dioxin-a trace impurity in commercial which end lectures could be minimised and toxicity tests undertaken on the drug had tions In Infants with the administration of 2.4,5-T, replaced by self-teaching and the optimum been too short to disclose its carcinogenic salicylate drugs during the first three months use of tutorials. In addition there should be action. It caused 60 people to die from of pregnancy. This is not surprising since far more catalytic "lecturer-librarian" inter­ bladder cancer. No doubt the research salicylates have been shown to induce similar action in the educational process. Gradually chemists responsible had received "excel­ effects in animals. Codeine administration the word is getting around that the lent" academic training-yet, for example,' also appears to increase the incidence of University medical, biological and veterinary how many university of Queensland 0-CH^-COOH branch libraries have valuable literature chemists or biologists know of- C.B.A.C.- malformations in newborn infants yet resources for chemical engineers, chemists Chemical Biological Activities Abstracts? appears to lack this effect in animals. Does and biochemists. All too few science The library cannot afford the $1100 p.a. codeine conserve a malformed foetus in students and lecturers use the main library subscription, yet this is a fantastically useful humans? Alternatively, was codeine taken -O'" master catalogue to discover such treasures literature research tool-relating any bio­ during pregnancy to relieve headaches due to a as Pollution Abstracts (Bio. Sciences) logical activity property to chemical struct­ a virus infection that might have exerted the Toxicity Bibliography (CML), Food and ures and chemical substructure. Thus this teratogenic effects? (Nelson, M.M. & Forfair, Cosmetics Toxicology (Vet Sciences), resource is invaluable for information on J.O., Brit. Med. J. 1971, Vol. 1, p.523-577). Fig. 1 Chemical Fallout (Microbiology). toxophores (chemical structure moieties Obviously more research is needed. known to be associated with toxic propert­ You may well ask "Isn't 'TOXICITY' the ies). THE NEED FOR A 'XXXX' STRAIN OF province of the State and Federal Health EXPERIMENTAL ANIMAL Departments"? Should the University be' Another similar resource is the "Chemical responsible for the adequate training of Substructure Index" I.S.I, which now covers Animals used for toxicity tests are not personnel to man these departments? Let us some 150,000 new compounds per year. routinely given alcohol in any form, whereas examine some of the past tragedies and Few university graduates in chemistry and man takes drugs, drinks alcohol, as well as ";0:°;®-C"£ possible problems for the future stemming biology wil! know of the computerised soft drinks containing "safe" artificial or - ^o from inadequate training, the poor com­ abstract service "RINGDOC" (Derwent sweetening agents. Should the brewers in Fig. 2 munication of scientific knowledge to the Publications Ltd.) which facilitates very North America have tested their beer, in public, and sometimes from the profit deep searches to be made on structure- experimental animals, following their motive overshadowing social responsibility. activity relationships. decision to stabilise the head of foam using semper floreat July 23 1971 7

1-1.5 parts per million of cobalt, as a salt. most challenging route-intravenously- proposed university toxicity studies depart­ Traces of detergent left in badly rinsed beer proved to be selectively devastating on heart ment. Australia is increasingly concerned glasses had been found to cause a loss in muscle when given orally to the test animals. the roads over the same period. The figures with new food products and no doubt will foam after the beer had been poured. The The gut microflora had transformed the for drugs and chemicals only represent soon produce new consumer products cobalt remedied this. To consume a dose of azo-dye into an incredibly cardiotoxic known deaths. (See ref. 16) stemming from the petrochemicals, coal, cobalt equivalent to the 300 mgms. that had phenazine derivative by a reductive re- sugar and mineral product industries. been used safely in medical practice, a man synthesis process. Could biophysics help us would have to drink about 20 pints of beer. to understand why this toxic metabolite A UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF I have provided ample evidence that there Yet within one month of the introduction of "homes" onto the cardiac muscle with such TOXICITY STUDIES? has, in the past, been ail too little consumer the cobalt additive there was a mysterious devastating action? A similar fascinating area Without doubt there is a real need to provide and worker protection from chemicals in our epidemic of devastating heart muscle damage for biophysical research is the mechanism by for the first class training of scientists to environment. I have from the examples among beer drinkers who had no previous which a quinoxaline-di-N-oxide derivative intensify research on toxicity. If the role of cited, implied the vast range of highly histories of cardiac disease. 49 beer drinkers selectively devastates the metochondrial the university is to have some relationship to challenging and demanding scientific training in Quebec and 11 in Omaha died within a membranes in an animal's adrenal cortex. the needs of society, here surely is a very that is needed for toxicology. Here is surely few weeks of starting to drink the new beer. This substance bad anti-bacterial action, and relevant subject for study on the campus. an area for a university course to be at low dosage levels looked promising as a Recent research points to a synergistic toxic Some may believe that the subject matter is established to meet the requirements of farm animal growth promotant to replace too applied for a University. This of course effect between alcohol and cobalt. It is the use of tetracycline antibiotics for this industry and to underline tbe social possible that an additional factor was also is abject nonsense. It is an exceedingly responsibilities of learning to the public. If purpose. Who then would say that applied challenging area, and requires the research present. The epidemic disappeared within we plan now, it could take at least nine years research is not as challenging as the purely facilities of several university departments, one month of the withdrawal of the beer. to begin to provide Australian society with academic? so much so that no college of advanced Since nickel is an element very similar to reasonably well trained toxicologisis! cobalt, should we question the safety of beer technology could provide a course suitable drinking among thirsty Australian nickel FURTHER EXAMPLES for toxicity studies. We are living in an age miners, or among cement workers, since * Carcinogens from spinach for infants: if a of toxic chemicals which permeate every nickel is known to be responsible for nitrate fertiliser Is used on a crop of spinach, area of our environment, our atmosphere, Additional Reading and Literature Resources water, food, our homes. Government con­ dermatitis among the latter? The world's close to its being sent to market, the leaves 1. Toxicity Bibliography:~A computer printout total atmospheric levels of nickel are reputed will contain nitrate (Lee, C.V. Journal of the trolled standardised systems of toxicity Irom Index Medicus giving keywords in to equate with 4% of the world's total nickel Science of Food and Agriculture, 1971, Vol. testing are neither adequate nor sensible. addition to tittcs and authors

Words, words... Of old times, there was a very beautiful woman, and she turned all heads It also means being free to be not a woman when the of mon. She married occasion arises, losing your consciousness of being and her husband died different; or having it, but being able to act is if there soon after. She took another, and he died. Within a single year, It was summer, were no difference, as when making love... people as she had live, and they all died, and they and she proposed that they go into ^he woods, people, becoming as.one, 'mif^d and body' fwiking. the cleverest, and handsomest, and camp there, to pick berries. When they there were. And sho married again. The were in, she had the idea he go ahead "The traditional cultures (Judaeo-Capitalist- sixth was such a silent man he passed and pick the spot and he allowed Christian-Marxist-Western) are in any case doomed, for a fool, but he was wiser he would, only he doubled back, and rather than cling to their good aspects hopelessly it and watched her, from thers out. As soon as than people thought and he figured should be remembered that whatever was in any other to find out what was up, she believed that he was gone she went with this woman. He watched her, rapidly on. He followed, unseen, until she culture can be reconstructed from the unconscious, all the time, he kept his eye on her, came to a pond among rocks in a deep wild through meditation. In fact it is my own view that the day and night. place in'Ihe woods. She sat down and sang a song, a great foam or froth coming revolution will close the circle and link us in rose to the surface and in It appeared the back many ways with tlie most creative aspects of our archaic • and tall of a great serpent, past. If we are lucky we may eventually arrive at a total­ an Immense beast. The woman ly integrated world culture with matrilineal descent, free who had taken off her clothes, embraced the creature, which twined around her, form marriage, natural credit communist economy, less winding Inside her arms and legs, until her Industry far less population and lots more national body was one mass of his. parks". (Gary Snyder-Earth Household) Put in another way, all animals still live in a kind of primeval ocean. They carry it inside themselves, every cell in the body floats in salt water. The joining together (The husband, and early development of male and female In the Iwatched it all, saw that the serpent [let go his venom into her and that this . placental animal, the merging of fire and water was what she was passing on to her husbands, to consciousness, must still take place in the primeval sea, five by transferring It to olhers, and he passed the womb ... Water animates that which is feminine swiftly to the camping ground and built and the unconscious mind. It was the unconscious mind a place for the nigtit. He laid two beds, and built a fire. His wife came. She was In that perceived ancient wisdom, the task of the earnest that they sleep together, he hade hf conscious mind now to explain it. sternly to lie by herself. She laid down, and went to sleep. Three times, And so for the moment, for women at least, history during the night, he got up becomes herstory. The voice of inspiration, the Muse, to replenish the fire. Each time he called her but she did not vox, Vak, a goddess, lover of Brahma, "the flowing answer. In the morning he shook her, one", the Divine in the aspect of wisdom and learning, and she was dead. They sunk her in the pon"^ for she is the Mother of Veda, that is, of all knowledge. where the snake lived. As the West moved into increasing complexities and They said she went off f«oking every Sunday hierarchies with civilisation, woman as nature, beauty Only she said she walked straight through and The Other came to be an all-dominating symbol. the mountain, and who fwiced her was the spiritf Except she has been striving through the last three of millenla with Jehovah, the Imperator-Father-God figure, a projection of the gathered power of the anti-nature social forces. As mythology, as archaic past to which we can creatively relate, where does the story of the Fall leave us? Woman, as Eve, at the fruit of the Tree of Know­ ledge, and got shame and guilt. (Or the Virgin Mary, who must pretend she doesn't know ... Only when woman is released from the burden of peretual virginity is the man free to become a man.) Fire consciousness (reason, logic, 'sense') wields tyrannical power at present over Water consciousness in a mechanized world. Water conscious­ ness loves and needs all direct experience, feeling, caressing, experiencing the delights of sound, of smells, the contours of nude bodies, the sensation of love, the stimulation and excitement. AND ALL THIS WITHOUT FEELING GUILT. People controlled completely by Fire consciousness are square, not round. The shape of setting in order is square. Where Fire rules, everything becomes square. Look at our buildings. When North American Indians were sent from their hunting grounds to the reservations they knew no good could come of it. From the tee-pee to the square grey hut. Nature is cyclical. Water consciousness is slow, deep, real, all pervading, connects all individuals with all others. It can enjoy being quiet and still when it has had its expression. It does not compete. The survival of the fittest is a load of shit. Woman, wife, wave, are all the same word ... Was it a man who wrote "I love you all, I want the whole world to know except my wife."?

Waves rise, each to its individual height In a seeming 1 was two years in Canada and America, Vancouver and attitude of unrelenting competition, but only up to a Buffalo, points about as far apart in the North American Found it out again (but hard this time) at Langley, in certain point; and thus we know of the great repose of continent and consciousness as you could get. Travelling Canada, living in tee-pees, barns, finally in the dome (the the sea to which they are all related and to which they becomes the art of blending so well with your environ­ goddam thing always did leak though ...) Then we went must all return in a rhythm which is marvellously ment that you are no longer conscious of yourself as a on up to Lund, end of the road, Rob. Kerry and I in the beautiful. In fact these undulations and vibrations, these traveller. one-room log cabin by the sea. Brown rice and oysters, risings and fallings are not due to the erratic contortions He who walks with his house on his head is heaven he bathing once a week in the ice-cold stream half a mile or of disparate bodies, they are a rhythmic dance. Rhythm who walks with his house on his head in heaven he so round the rocks, Kerry sitting by the door with a can newer be born of the struggle of combat. Its under­ who walks with his house on his head, candle and a bloody great log to get the bear or cougar lying principle must be unit not opposition. Charles Olsen or rat or whatever beating on our door in the middle of Rablndranath Tagore the night. They had to shoot that cougar a few weeks Sadhana, The Realization of Life. I probably didn't find that out until last summer though, ago-kept on eating the goats at the Funny Farm. That Loving, making love with, not to. is the dance of living with Rob and Becky in our 9' x 9' canvas home in was where we got the child too-or it got us. (it? he? Zoar Valley-upstrcam from where we'd all sixty or so conscious men and women. Awareness-created by the she? one?-why don't we have a pronoun that is human degree within us that the two forms of consciousness celebrated our marriage that year in nude communion in but hasn't got a sex?) the South Branch Creek before it joins Cattaraugus and have blended. ... he<«ho walks with his house on his head is flows on down, strontium 90 and all. We found it again All of which brought me back, last October, to being a heaven... too, going west to the Pacific across Amerlca-yeah, the woman (an "unmarried mother" yet) in Australia and same old Pacific, only there the sun goes down into it. thinking about that, creatively, for a change. What is Nudity and National Parks are an important part of beautiful about being a woman in Australia? People From Los Padres, below Big Sur, watching the sun take Women's Liberation in North America where women a million years to become one with the Pacific, seeing it asked me that in America, having heard all about the are about the same as anywhere else, I guess, except boys at the pub, the mateship: Australia, the last come up again next morning from Point Lookout, .. fire they do seem to be getting more aware of the need to be and water. frontier, where a man can still be a man. Woman, wife, free to be women (so men will be free to be men, so wave, the great Australian surfing cult. When you ask a Travelling west in the '65 Ford Econoline van with Kerry women will be free to be women etc.) which means lot of Australian women that, they say "I've never (going to Canada to dodge the draft), Jefferson Bryant finding out what it is to be a woman since most of the thought about it", or perhaps "I'd have to think about Davis Southern gentleman, (going to live with the old patterns don't hang together too well. This means it," (will they, when, why bother?) or they answer in KwakiutI Indians up on Vancouver Island for the learning to live with others, women and men. And terms of what they are not.. . "Well, we're better off summer), and Jo-Anne, (another Cancer woman, just especially trying to work out, through being alive with than those Asian, Arab, Abo, women, aren't we?" Which taking the ride, I guess, like so many Americans, going other people, a mythology that enables them to realize is all very well if you are into "being better off than " on out to California ...} their full potential as women. someone else, whatever the hell that means. semper floreat July 23 1971 9

However, how do you start living, being alive, when it "What are we going to do? All our dilly bags are Dambala, 'the cutting place of the clitorises.' The suddenly hits you that negativity just ain't gonna pull gone, all the emblems, all our power for sacred ritual." Djanggawul Brother spoke to the others. "Sisters. I you though ...? Seems we are still pretty vague about But the older said, "I think we can leave that. Men can want to look at you both now and see what you are being women in Australia, as distinct from any other do it now, they can look after it. We can spend our like. This is a good place, and I'm going to cut you piece of this earth, that is. Which isn't all that surprising time collecting bush foods for them, for it is not both ... Ah, now you look more like proper women when you think about where we came from, and how right that the men should get the food as they have and it is easier for me to see your vulva. Let me try them long we've been here and how we got here and how little been doing. We know everything. We have lost nothing, out." time we've had to think about it even if we'd conceded for we remember everything, and we can let them have First he faoked with the younger sister. "That feels the necessity to do anything of the sort, to mention but that small part, for aren't we still sacred, even if we nice," Then, turning to the elder sister, he ftaiLed with a few things. Or our attitude to and use of the land we have lost our dilly-bags? Haven't we still our wombs?" her too. "That's very enjoyable too", he told her. "I happen to be living on now, wherever we came from, And the younger sister agreed with her. can feel the short end of the clitoris touching my penis, and to the other Australians who have been sitting as I couldn't before." The long clitorises the brother had In this way the Two Sisters left their dreamings there. around here for considerably longer and have therefore cut off were like rangga poles. He placed them in the They put a lot of people there too, while Djanggawul had time to think a bit more about all this, creatively, sacred shade to that they could always be there for the Brother and his companions sang songs and performed since they were also not into a rip-off-australia ecology. people to use in generations to come. No guilt attaches to making love with your people- rituals. The Sisters also made a very sacred well... so In another version of this myth, it is said they went on to environment. sacred that none but those with white hair may go near it... to Muruwul, the sacred waterhole, where the Julunggul In the beginning... After a time they and their Brother continued on their Snakes lives and weher the Sisters were swallowed .., In the beginning there were land, sky animals, birds and way .. .At last they came to the plain country of (The Myth of the Djanggawul) trees. There was sea too in the waters of which were and other creatures, and upon the land were beings of totemic origin. All these beings were there as they had always been, but man as we know him today was not among them. Far out to sea, out of sight of the Arnhem Land main­ land was an island known as Bralgu ... it was there that the Djanggawul were living. There were three of them: Djanggawul himself his elder sister, Biidjiwuroiju, and his younger sister, Miralaidj. Djanggawul himself had an elongated penis and each of the two sisters had a long clitoris, so long that they dragged upon the ground as they walked. Djanggawul had been having coitus with Biidjiwuroiju for a long time; her breasts had grown large and fallen down with milk and she had produced many children. Miralaidj, though, having just passed puberty, was quite young and her breasts were rounded and firm. They lived at Bralgu for some little time, putting people there and leaving dreamings, totemic designs, sacred emblems and body paintings. They also instituted their rituals and ceremonies there. The Brother's penis and the Sisters' clitorises were sacred emblems, like rangga poles... At last they made ready their bark canoe ... for days and days they paddled until they sighted the Arnhem Land mainland ... they sang with joy and allowed the surf to take their canoe ... Here the Djanggawul Brother wished to shorten his Sisters' clitorises. But the elder said, "No, wait..." All along the coast the Djanggawul left special drawings symbolically related to themselves and totemic beings. They left too sacred rangga poles and sacred baskets. At those places they established their cult with the singing of songs and ritual... they produced children who grew up and were the progenitors of the present aborigines in those parts. From this time too, the Two Sisters remained always pregnant from having coitus with their Brother. At Maidjalngarl they made a big camp and the Brother examined the clitorises of his Sisters wanting to shorten them. But they would not allow him to do so ... While they were living there the elder sister said one day to the younger, "We had better put our sacred dilly bags in this shade and leave them for a while". They both left camp to collect mingau/ and waluwon shells. When they left camp, the Djanggawul Brother and his companions, men who had come out of the Sisters, were hiding in the big shade ... they made fire ready to cook food, for at that time it was the men's duty to collect all the food and to prepare It for them­ selves and the women. All 'the beginning' belonged to the women, the Two Sisters, and all the dreamings really belonged to them ... In their own sacred shade, the women made fire, rindjarei the sacred fire dreaming, for fire comes from the redness of the women's vaginae. The twirling firestick in its groove is coitus, because a man is warmed by lying between a woman's legs as he is by fire, because a woman's vulva is always hot...) The men sat listening in the shade ..." All right. It is no good that we are men. It is no good that women should have that sacred bag and all the dreamings and tiiat we should have nothing," They all agreed, "yes". So they came up to the women's sacred shade and there they found all the dreamings, all the rangga and clan patterns. They began to sing and dance the sacred songs they had learnt from listening to the women. Meantime the Sisters had collected a lot of shells... when they waded back to dry land, they heard the whistle of thedjunmal bird warning them that some­ thing was wrong. At once they knew something had the woman who said she went out every Sunday happened to their sacred dilly bags. They ran back to and walked right through the rock of the mountain their shade the sacred dilly bags had gone. and on the other side she said she was fMit:ed "Sister look" called the younger one. "What are we by the mountain going to do now? Where are our dilly bags?" all that, was her joy "We had better ask the men" said the other. They everyday of the week, and she viras the happiest began to run again toward the shade. But the men of the tribe, made a big noise with dancing and singing. This and that was her explanation, given by her, of why halted the sisters. (They bowed their heads and said to and that was how is was she was so happy. the men, "Forgive us. Our 'fathers' can look after all those dreamings perhaps better than we can ...") (which is how Charles Otsen once saw it all) Then the Sisters turned back from the shade and hid in the bush, for it is not right that women should go I guess it all depends on your attitude. towards the men's sacred place. This is the beginning And what you do with it of the men's sacred ritual. The Two Sisters got up from the ground and the younger said to the older, by ANNE 10 semper floreat July 23 1971 Everybody's got the answers, or they'll make them up.

Heigh ho, it's Union Election time again. And if you've been at Uni more The Union has a very strong tradition It must be admitted that Council meet­ about everything. than a year or so, you won't need to of independence for Semper. The only per­ ings are not all dull talk. Quite recently a This present 60th Council has spent a hear the speeches and read the policiesso n who has any power of censorship is the Councillor who had just lost at the numbers majority of its time discussion and approving to know what is being promised. The President, and this power is limited to order­ game on an important matter, lost his reports from its committee-the House same old policies crop up year after ing the removal of material which could temper, informed Councillors they could all Committee, Finance Advisory Committee, year, with exactly the same result result in a legal action. go have sexual intercourse, threw a chair Activities Standing Committee, AUS Stand­ (nil}. This independence may be decried by across the room and stomped out, slamming ing Commitee, Clubs & Societies Standing With the Union now entering its those who disagree with the editor's political the door so hard that the Union fire alarm Committee, Herston Area Committee, etc., views, or who find themselves or their etc., etc. The remainder of its time has been fiftieth decade, this Election Semper was set off. iThe Telegraph's reportage of policies coming under attack. I personally spent either changing Union Constitution would seem to present a good oppor­ this (14/7/71) was a most interesting piece disagree with many of the articles carried by of fiction!) and Regulations, or in discussing Vietnam, tunity to examine the facts behind Semper over the past couple of years, but I Whilst this sort of behaviour consider­ apartheid, football tours, states of emer­ some of the more regularly-made believe that the alternative-a tightly con­ ably enlivens the usual atmosphere of gency, and other political questions. The election promises, and also to have a trolled Semper-would be even more object­ Council meetings, 1 have some doubt as to committees have clearly run the Union. look at the effectiveness and utility of ionable. I would not like to see Semper whether it does anything at all to enhance It could be argued that the Union could Union Council as a body. degenerate into a kind of campus Courier- Council's standing. And yet this Councillor's function perfectly well without Union Mail. actions are mirrored to a smaller extent in Council. The various Union Committees and THE PROMISES the frustration felt by many members of officers could be elected directly by IF ELECTED I WILL... IF ELECTED I WILL ... Council-they have been told that Council is students, and could present reports to the Reduce Refec prices. Candidates for Union Truely Represent Student Opinion. the supreme governing body of the union, student body directly, instead of to the positions have been making this promise Translated; 'I will be a screaming right-wing and yet they find that they sit around Annual General Meeting (?via Semper). But since 1921-and prices have continued to consen/ative, and to hell with what my talking politics and/or approving other this leaves the question of who decides the rise. Let's get a few facts straight: the Refec constituents really feel." people's decisions. relative priorities financially between the is controlled by Union House Committee, At the same Council meeting, another various facets of Union activity: the finance which has a student majority (including IF ELECTED I WILL ... member remarked that whereas the Council committee? the students by referendum? the most members of the Union Exective), but Worry about the things that Really Matter. shows strong political divisions, its administration? Not an easy choice. None of also has representatives of the staff and the Translated:"l will be a screaming left-wing committees do not. Two people who would these "alternatives seem ideal. The finance administration. The House Committee must radical, and to hell with what my constit­ almost automatically oppose any motion put committee has quite enough power as it is; operate under the general direction of Union uents really feel." forward to Council by the other can work students generally are not well enough Council, and at present it is under a directive together harmoniously on a committee, and informed; and no-one would really want to to try to make an overall profit of 4% to The two translations given above, get the necessary work done. He attributed give the University administration still more help pay for the Schonell Theatre and other whilst somewhat exaggerated, do serve to this phenomenon to the difference In size of power. buildings used by students. illustrate a major difficulty of Union Council and its committees (Council has Perhaps Council's greatest value is as a Council-the lack of accountability of its This 4% target has never been met, and about 40 voting members, most committees central body to which all the many and members. Thus someone such as Bruce because of new accounting procedures around 6), but I would suggest that a more various Union committees and officers feel Dickson can be elected to a major position requested by the Union's auditors, it is not likely cause is that the committees have a responsible. By its policy motions and in the Union on a policy of new dynamism likely to be met in the near future. In fact, definite role to fill, whereas Council finds regulations It can set guide lines and in Union affairs. If it turns out that Bruce is losses of tens of thousands of dollars on itself without purpose-it has delegated all priorities, and by its existence It provides a far better at talking about dynamic new trading operations seem likely. its practical functions. central reference point from which committ­ policies than doing anything about them, The Union has made a loss on General This delegation has been introduced ees and officers draw power and finance. this is just too bad. The electors can't do Catering (i.e. student meals) since the gradually, as the Union's services and activ­ anything, unless the person in question This has been, perhaps, a rather dis­ present St. Lucia Refec was opened. Student ities have expanded. About 1950, before the decides to stand for a position at the next connected exposition on Union Council. As Functions are run as nearly as possible to tremendous expansion of this university, elections. Even then, it is well-nigh imposs­ Chairman of Council this year, I have at break-even. To try to even the books. there were only around a dozen membersof ible to get any kind of objective assessment times felt more pessimistic ahout the Outside Functions are run at a bloody great Council, and they were able to adequately of the way a representative has performed. Union's future than at any time since my profit. In theory, these three activities oversee the entire range of Union activities first association with the Union in 1966. All of which leads to the question: is should balance out to give a reasonably rosy with eight meetings per year, each about five At that time, all members of Council Union Council worthwhile and.is there a picture. hours long. There were three Refectories- were far more interested in the progress and viable alternative? However, the theory doesn't work out George Street, Victoria Park and the G.P. well-being of the Union than they were in in practice, mainly because the students THE COUNCIL Hut at St. Lucia-but these were run by advancing their own political views and their succeed in being unbelievably filthy. Not The time is 2 a.m., the scene the J.D. Story caterers who paid a rent of one pound per own ages. The reverse seems to be true at only does this increase cleaning costs to Council Chamber. One of the Vice- week each. Council spent a great deal of present. We find ourselves faced with such astronomical proportions, but it also dis­ Presidents of the Union is on his feet:"... time discussing the finer details of whether hypocricy as that shown by Doug Jones, courages the highly profitable outside and so, Mr Chairman, after speaking for the Union, the University or the Med who resigns from Council amidst a blaze of catering. Such pursuits as stealing wedding twenty minutes, I would sum up by suggest­ Society should pay for various items of self-aroused publicity, and who then turns cakes from receptions held at the Union ing that the Union do something about damage to the Vic. Park Refec. Each mem­ up, on a proxy, to lead the right-wing fight (yes, it has happened), do little to encourage whatever we're discussing, but I don't know ber of Council felt that he had a significant against an anti-apartheid bail fund. poeple to hold functions here. what and I'm not going to make my part to play in the running of the Union's I have no answers to the question of From the above. It can be seen suggestions." [No, it's not Bruce Dickson- acitvities. Generally, Itwas true that Council Council's position. I don't even have any that, no matter what a candidate may pro­ he doesn't come to Council meetings made the decisions. brand-new questions. I am dissatisfied with mise, it is unlikely that he will have any nowadays. I leave you to guess who.} A The first major dimunition of Council's the way Council is performing at present, success in reducing Refec prices. The ffefec Faculty representative joins in: "Much as I authority was in 1957, when the Executive but I can't see any viable and acceptable is already run at a staggering loss (despite a agree with Mr Gerfups when he says that was recognised and officially delegated alternative. number of 'efficiency surveys'), and the etc., etc., I must nevertheless agree with Miss powers to act between Council meetings. Maybe the answer lies in the student's Union cannot afford to lose any more. Zazaloff when she stated that..." This was the thin edge of the wedge. With hands. Over the next few weeks many And that's the way Union Council the occupation of the present Union Build­ people will be coming before you to ask for IF ELECTED I yi/ILL... tends to carry on-great quantities of talk ings, the Union entered its present system of your votes for Union positions. I would Clean up Semper. Another well-established and almost no action. It's a great debating a multiplicity of committees, each respons­ suggest that you investigate their political claim. Semper Floreat is run by the editor, forum, and it is possibly significant that at a ible for a narrow area of activity. motivations as closely as you can, and vote and no-one else. The editor is elected by the time when the validity of Union Council is Gradually, the Union arrived at its for those w^o have no strong political whole Council, and no one office-bearer is being widely questioned, Debates Union has present position, where a committee (some­ motivations and affiliations. Maybe we'll get likely to have over-much influence on the only one member. (The fact that this mem­ times an individual officer) knows every­ a Council that is interested in the Union as a result of the election. Once elected, it is ber is Ken Berry may also have some thing about a small portion of the Union's body, and not in politics. almost impossible to remove an editor. significance.) activities, and Council knows a small amount Nick Booth Just once - I'd hke to liear anew question. semper floreat July 231971 11 THE ELECTIONS

R.A.T. POLICY SPEECH

"In a country like Australia the increasing demands Disruption of the present activities of the university forms of domination because they are apathetic and of specialisation and community pressure require some is regarded as extremist — the definition provided oy powerless to change things. rationalised approach which imposes a limit on the the masters. It would never occur to them lhat allow­ autonomy of the individual univetsity." ing the ecocrisis, the population explosion, and the POWER REUTIONSHIPS M.J. Fraier constant and worsening starvation of the majority of Minister for Education the world to go undiscussed (except in isolated areas The nature oi power, then, only becomes evident in a piecemeal manner) is more extremist in its once this predominant culture is rejected. Power is The reasons for massive expenditure on tertiary edu­ lack of concern than any action a small group of not a neutral matter. The senate, one locus of cation in Australia are rooted in the growing complex­ students could involve themselves in.' university power has such notables as J.W. Foot, the ity of this society and therefore in the increased managing director of Mt Isa Mines (remember the expertise necessaty to the running of it. Although Similarly, when our demands are called unreasonable last state of emergency), U A. S. Gehrmann, there is a growing tendency to direct attention to the we are not deluded. During the uprising in France President of Qld. Chambers of Manufacturers, Vice safer (more narrow-minded) institutes of technology, one of the slogans was "Be reasonable, Demand the President of Associated Chambers of Manufacturers of the university has an important economic function impossible". Naturally demands for moves towards a Australia, Director and Deputy chairman of North to fulfil and it does so wiith increasing efficiency, humane society are defined out o( existence and are Aust. Cement Co. and Director and Chairman of in research as well as education fot business elites. hence impossible as long as the dominant ideology WalkeK Ltd. , and C.E. Peterson. Chairman of the Frt example, of 24 grants over $10,000 only 6 (25%) is accepted. The bulk of the stuff dished out at Brisbane Market Trust. The Mt. Gravatt university could be described as being in the welfare of the university is ideology in the real sense of the word; has as the chairman of its interim committee none public (Cancer research etc.). The other 18 consist a system of ideas that relates to reality not in order other than T. C. Bray, a director of that world famous of grants from overseas controlled companies like to clarify it and to transform it but in ordei to mask newspaper, The Courier Mail and its assorted offshoots Mt. Isa ($28,000), U.S. Army research office ($11,000 it in the abstract in the media world. As well the senate has ten ($11,000) and U.S. office of naval research ($11,000) direct governmental nominees, a few church leaders, and racist companies like Comalco and Qld. Alumina. APATHY and an occasional staff member. An interesting com­ bination but not exactly a critical lot. In addition, the university reflects Australian society. It is only reasonable to ask of all people that they The majority of high school students is siphoned off have the compassion to be concerned with the social And at the professional level power lies in the hands into the lower parts of the work force at Junior and injustices (such as apartheid, imperialism, war, of old, old men who show a predominant concern Senior levels. This is due to the inability of work poverty, etc.) that our society is associated with, and with maintaining the department and faculty empires. ine class families to continue financial support for since these injustices are social in nature it follows Despite the fact that the interdisciplinary studies and older children as the younger children enter school, that concern over them should be institutionalised sweeping democratisation of the university is vitally to varying cultural backgrounds, and to the horrifying into the social structure. In the university that means needed, the locus of power hasn't even taken seriously boredom and irrelevance of school For every 1000 that the relevant aspects of social injustice should be the vety mild suggestions of the Staff Association, who start to climb the scholastic ladder only 12 dealt with by the relevant discipline. Proposals for The professon and senate work to make sure nothing complete it. (Myth of Equality p. 13) V\fith minim­ a public interest university have met bigoted oppos­ is upset, "life" goes on an autocracy remains intact. um expenditure (investment in human capital) a ition, often from quarters that accept these injustices. sufficient number of technocrats is produced to keep This is interesting. One would expect that in any UPON RECEIVING AN OVERWHELMING VOTE the economy functioning, and sufficient is given to discussion of social problems all views (right and secondary and primary levels to produce a populat left, neutral and apolitical) could be argued and some The fact that only a small percentage of the smdents ion which can read, write, fill in fotms and if a consensus reached. The situation is more like this, could be bothereci voting in the Union elections is bit of freedom is necessaty to produce bureaucrats however: Conservative groups, who generally favour a reflection of the extent to which they see it as then the system can give that too.. the Vietnam War and sometimes apartheid, do not being relevant to their lives. As far as they are wish to have issues like these in courses not in any concerned they are a weird mob of deadshits who institution central to the running of the countiy. somehow look after the refec. , build expensive The ideological base of universities in modern Nor do they wish these issues to be a matter tor theatres and occasionally help in finding part-time societies (east and west) h the disasterous theory public controversy. Order and stability support for jobs. Anyone who has unwittingly stepped into a that economic " progress", productivity and Gross the status quo. Their greatest weapon is moral Union Council meeting and experienced the unreal National Product will bring about increased equality, apathy. air of farcical formality and bullshit debate can human development and freedom. What it has appreciate that the Union is a "union of students" produced is dehumanisation, ecocrises and imperial­ Apathy arises when people feel that social events in little more than name and that the people active­ ism. (See "Dynamics of Poverty , Moratorium ly involved in it are either naive or looking to Semper April 12) A wealthy elite ot bureaucrats, are beyond their control In writing of apathy one writer put it ike this: "More and more people today feather their own nests. An executive position in technocrats and managers is the typical product of the Union is a valuable stepping stone to highly this ideology. feel as though they are trapped in a room with no exit". The absence of any nope of change, the paid executive jobs in industty, commerce, politics or in the University itself. It is obvious therefore that such a university will feeling that you cannot possibly influence anything that happens in the source of apathy. The solution not be a centre of criticism, activism and "light The union does not and cannot act on issues that libertyand learning but of an unthinking conservatism of it will be found when all people have (allowing for individual differences) an equal say in the oper­ affect students because its role, both as it sees, itself which is unbelievable given the abyss over which and as it is constituted, is little more than to rep­ the earth trembles. ation of society and ali its parts. We can only iiave this when we extend the democratic principle we resent the interests of the two or three political have to what is now a cliched phrase, staff student factions that comprise its membership. It is unusual A Catch 22 kind of reasoning is given for the silence. worker self management. As people feel that they for these factions to encourage student involvement Autonomy, after all, is essentia) for liberal debate have an important part to play in the community, issues, with the result that when submissions are made but, like all privileges it must not be abused. This their apathy disappears and they will show increasing to the administration on such matters as alternatives means, in practice that discussion must be objective, concern and compassion for others. We are not to tne proposed disciplinary statutes, the administration that it must not question the assumptions on which suggesting diat there is a one to one relationship does little more than give them a polite hearing. their studies are based. It must be "reasonable" between moral concern and radical views. But what The reverse situation is quite different. The admin­ discussion amongst men of good will". Dissent is too plain to be missed is that the bulk of istration uses single representatives from the Union on is bearable as long as it is ineffective. To protect support for wars like Vietnam, the touts, poverty their various committees as a method of legitimizing its autonomy the university must not do precisely and ultimately facism, does not come from ded­ their decisions. Thus the union is not only unrepres­ what autonomy allows it to do. icated tight wingen but from those who accept these entative of students but also is a containment of any expression of dissent or any struggle for power. The internal structures and operations of universities Student powetlessness is promoted by the channelling in this country are misconceived hybrids produced by of all protest through the various committees set up a combination of the English aristocratic traditions by the administration and over which students have no (hence Chancellors, Vice ChancelloK, Deans, etc.) control. and the demands of the government and business for' return on their investments. (Hence courses in A vote forR.A.T. would be an indication of support Business Administration, Law, Commerce and special­ for a programme of staff student worker control of ised technical courses). This involves the produciion_ the university. The fight for such a structure requires of a reliable and malleable labour pool in the us to abolish the old union and form one based on appropriate areas. Thus the deficiency in, for the activities of research and action committees in example, library grants to certain departments. All the departments, rather than keeping a bureaucratic of which is determined on the criterion of return union that never involves itself in tne real intellect­ for investment in human capitaL After all, they ual and moral issues that must be taken up in the don't want to produce a ot of "useless" people with university. their money. The exact structure and function of the union would Essential to this type of university is the pervasive be subject to a decision of a mass meeting of all and stultifying academic culture. A culture whose university people. We wilt propose one format for priorities are set within the framework of detachment, its running. The union we are arguing for would be irrelevance,, false objectivity, boredom, respect for in direct confrontation with the administration in the hierarchy, and technical expertise rather than an sense that it would not accept admimstration repres­ orientation toward the real causes of real problems, entatives or present administration statutes. We have respect for morality and a belief that a aw and "They cannot tolerate our minds.... We will not no Illusions about the possibility that the adminis­ otoer which maintains a society in which humans ate tolerate their obstruction". tration may tty to take over student facilities in such dessicated fragments of their potential is wrong. a situatioa 12 semper floreat July 23 1971

CANDIDATES FOR EXECUTIVE

R.A.T. CANDIDATES PRESIDEWTiJ.B.PREWTICE HON. SECRETARY: R.I. RUSSELL HON. TREASURER: C. J. CUWNINGHAM G.V.P.: JUD/TH CLARK LOCAL A.U.S. SEC: M. M. THOMPSON ST. LUCIA F/T V.P.: BRUCE SHAW ST. LUCIA P/T: C.DAVENPORT HERSTON V.P.: J. D.POTTER

5. bring on campus various groups and artists to le) The Union as a Student Mouthpiece: entertain students. It would seam unreasonable to expect a Council of fifty people, even though they are elected 11. General Summation: representatives, to make pronouncements on The above outline is by no means a complete current issues on behalf of 18,000 students. The statement of my aims, policies and attitudes. But I present constitution allows the student body to feel that what I have sakl is of considerable relay their opinions to Council before it makes consequence. I have put forward that which I pronouncements. This should be done so that sincerely believe. Union Council reflects general student views and not the personal opinion of Council members.

2. Australian Union of Students (A.U.S.). For those among us who would like to do away with A.U.S. I would like to state that relations with A.U.S. should be maintained because; (i) The Australian students face common pro­ blems and require common strategy, (ii) The Commonwealth government supplies the bulk of University finance and hence some form of national pressure is needed to satisfy university needs. Positive Benefits of A.U.S. include: POLICY STATEMENT-PAUL ABER­ POLICY STATEMENT-K. C. PIAGGIO 1. Travel Agency NETHY POSITION SOUGHT-PRESIOENT 2. Health Fund 3. Studies on Educational inequalities POSITION S0U6HT-PRESIDENT 4. Concern with Aboriginal Rights (ABSCHOL) PERSONAL DETAILS:- Relevant social Issues. PERSONALDETAILS: Union House Committee-1969, 1970. 5. All increases in Commonwealth Scholarships by 1971 Honorary Treasurer virtue of A.U.S. bargaining. 1971. 6. Organization of such activities as Daddy-Cool- Chairman, Finance Advisory Com­ Vice-President St. John's College-1971. Spectrum Tour. mittee Editor of "Argo"-1970. 7. National Student Newspaper POLICY STATEMENT-KENNETH Theatre Committee Union Conference Delegate-1971 All at a cost of 75c per student. Present figures BRUCE BERRY Kindergarten Co-ordinating Com­ indicate A.U.S. is administered badly. As a member College Gilbert & Sullivan-1967, 1970, POSITION S0UGHT-6ENERAL VICE- mittee 1971 "Yeomen of the Guard". Union we are able to try to rectify the problem. PRESIDENT House Committee Queensland Littoral Society-1970,1971. 3. Finance: Senate-Student Liaison Committee Member of S.P.E.L.D.-1970, 1971. Union finances need to be tightened. We must come to the realization that our finances are Herston Area and assorted Com­ College Council Representative. DETAILS OF OFFICE: St. Lucia Full-Time limited and that we already have heavy financial Vice-President, 1971; Arts Representative mittees, too many to relate (Ex Varied Sporting Interests-rowing, squash. commitments wilh the recent construction of Officio) Union Theatre and other amenities. Still, we must 1970; Vice-President Russian Society, 1970; 1970 Faculty Representative to Union GENERAL STATEMENT keep an eye to the future with regard to such Presltjent Debates Union, 1971; Honorary feasible projects as a decent student car park and Council We have a Union of over 14,000 memberswho pay Secretary Debates Union, 1969; Publicity the already proposed extension of the Relaxation $242,000/annum In Union Fees. At present the Officer French Society, 1968. Member, Finance Advisory Committee Block and the provision of catering and common- 1968 Abschol Director Union has capital assets valued at $2.5 million, (projected capital by 1975-$3 million) and a room facilities in the new Biological Sciences Chairman, Library Liaison Committee Refectory which has an annual turnover of Library. POLICY STATEMENT: Chairman, Examination Investigation $500,000. It is obvious from these figures that a 4. Refectory: Allegations have been made that I tend to ignore Committee responsible executive will be needed to run the The Refectory Needs an organizational overhaul. the so called "basic issues" confronting students President, Italian Society Union. A President who is prepared to accept such We need to re-define a lot of our priorities- today, all of which, as it turns out, are of a a responsible load and devote his time to the extended services and loss, or efficiency and profit. political nature. As an individual, I may have administration of this complex organization is Up to this date I have contributed as much as i opinions at odds with those of my critics, but as an POLICY STATEMENT: needed. The onus is on the students to recognise a could {in my role on Union House Committee) but officer of this Union, I feel that the most essential candidate who has this sense of responsibility and 1. I intend in the year I am President to counter there are still inadequacies which require attention. problem which must first be solved before we the will to apply himself to the job. But should involve ourselves in (Ktty political and contain the irrational minority by consist- responsibility in an administrative sphere is but one 5. Full-Time Activities Officer: ant and direct appeal to the now termed 'silent' squabbles-is that of student services. Very little of the vital aspects of the Presidency. Among The role of such an officer-qualified for this need be sad of the pitiful conditions of the majority, silenced now because their position others I include a balanced approach to such position—would be to co-ordinate, organize and on questions is never adequately sought. I Refectory. Large amounts of money are needed to aspects as student welfare and services, cultural, publicise all cultural, social and political events and improve facilities for both internal and external intent on all political matters to be judged "happenings" on Campus. Such a man/woman is political and social activities. catering, and the Refectory is, after all, the service where practicable by ascertaining the desires of sorely needed in our siudents Union. such majority. which students use most often. Yet a total of 1. Communication 6. Incorporation of the Union: $26,000 is spent subsidizing Semper and A.U.S, for 2. To do my utmost lo withdraw from a second (a) Students Newspaper: I think it is important that further investigations which the only tangible return in both cases is a rate and completely radical and anti- With regard to Semper Floreat-we have to decide should be made into the possibility of incorporat­ newspaper of dubious, onesided content. By no Queensland National Union whose only interest what kind of student newspaper we want and ing our Union. This would give us the povtrer to go means do I advocate aix>lition of Semper, but the in Queensland is the money It derives from us. having done that cater for all students and not forward without being tied to the University's amount spent for no purpose is indicative of the 3. The assurance student moneys wilt not in any exclusively for political factions. But don't forget purse strings. Also by incorporation we would have need for a re-thinking of the financial priorities of way fall into the hands and influence of that in order for the paper to succeed, the student the right to own land and the right to tend money this Union. non-students (including Administration). must contribute. A desireable newspaper should to students. include such topics as coverage of Union Council, Another important issue which should concern us 4. The making aware of the University of the Sports Union and Faculty Reports, Drama, Music' 7. Role of the University: as students is that of discipline. Union Council has status of students and the need to gauge both Films, book reviews, motor reports, "This Week on A University has a dual purpose: taken an ill-considered step when it declared that student opinion and consent on matters having Campus", "Happenings", and a cross-section of (a) to produce qualified professionals in their no member of the Union should serve on the dire effects on students. political opinions. respective fields. \ Senate Discipline Committee until the Senate (bl to foster tolerance, individualism and social' concede us a-majority on any such committee. I 5. To aid the University in the disciplining of awareness. consider this unrealistic for two reasons: second rale henchmen whose only interest in (b) Students in General: If only we could achieve both these ends! I 1. On the mechanics of the committee, should the University and in the Union Is the power The President should attend regular meeting with there be an equal division as to the verdict, the base they can achieve from it and so further the different student bodies with a view to an 8. Herston, Turbot Street, and George Street: accused is acquitted. In other words, if any 3 flaunt both moderate and free ideals. exchange of ideas. This is one area where I feel we Despite geographical isolation the Union bears the have really "lost" in the past. There is a need for responsibility of maintaining capital development members of the committee voted Not Guilty, then 6. The development of prolifcral building sites so better student/staff relations. To achieve this end in these areas and this is something which I'would the accused person would be discharged. the Union can cater (which it is not doing now) the Union can promote faculty student/staff feel bound to supply as President. These areas must 2. Such an attitude as Council has taken merely for the needs of the outer suburbs of the functions, e.g. Bar-B-Q (pending construction). be given the full support of the Union. gives the Vice-Chancellor more basis for saying that Campus and the satellite towns of George he has given the students an equal say, and they are Street, Turbot Street and Herston. (c) Relations with Administration: 9. Special Note for Part-Time Students: so immature as not to see that this is a fair deal. The Union must clash at some stage with the I am conscious of the needs, problems and interests The Vice-Chancellor couid, though I doubt he 7. While opposing violent radicalism, at the same Administration during the next year. As President, of the part-time student e.g. need for parking would, choose any three willing students and the time being reasonable to the many social I know it would be my duty to fight for the station, special Refectory considerations, activities accused would have no chance. This situation engineers existing on this Campus whose ideas students as hard as I possibly could. The Union, orientated towards the part-time student. needs to be remedied as swiftly as possible. and ideals are beyond reproach. To take a stand however, has a weak bargaining position (because with these idealists and fight for them against the Administration controls our finances); thus it is 10. General Hems: I let it be known here that should I be elected, one any authority when the righteousness ol such essential that we do not assume a belligerent As President I would:— of my chief aims will be the de-politicization of action has been determined by a student attitude. This docs not mean that I will 1. investigate a new style Orientation Week Union Council, if necessary, by advocating a split majority. compromise our position. 2. call for closer contact between the Union and between tmdies controlling student services, and Colleges in replacement of the strained relations the "political" aspects Union Council arrogates to 8. It is high time the administration and output of (d) Communication to Public: which now exist between the two bodies. jtself. Too often in the past has discussion of Union Office and the Refectory met with Regular Press releases should be made on Union 3. investigate further the construction of student improvements to the Refectory etc. been delayed student approval and I recognize the many matters which concern the public. This has been flats on campus and the problem of student by discussion of political matters. If people wish to changes to ensure that students become said before but it certainly hasn't been done accommodation in general. discuss politics, let them, but don't let it interfere satisfied enough with such arrangements to effectively. Let us polish some of the rough edges 4. promote the Plaza area as the new permanent with the running of the Union, whose main aim, warrant such approval. of the University's somewhat tarnished image. forum area for put)lic debate. after all, is to serve you, its memtwrs. semper floreat july 23 1971 13

Clubs and Societies Standing Com­ tics. To those students who don't usually use the such bureaucrats a sense of purpose. At this mittee refectory, the Union makes little contribution. The moment in Union Office, there are several filing Union House Committee colleges and the student organisation get no cabinet drawers full of circulars sent out by A.U.S. Member of UQU delegation to assistance from the Union (despite their obvious and its predecessor N.U.A.U.S. All voters are NUAUS February Council and special contribution to the lives of their members and the invited to take a look at this sickening waste of University as a whole). They are frequently money I May Council maligned in Union publications, the 1971 Orienta­ 1971 Legal Standing Committee tion handbook and Semoer being no exceotion. The Remedy: OTHER What does a student receive from A.U.S.7 If elected, I propose to:- The most obvious benefit (?) which springs to - Change our status from Constituent Organiza­ 1969 ICC Publicity Committee mind is Natforul U of which there have been tion to lhat of Associated Organization. This Honorary Secretary, Liberal Group approximately 5 issues this year. Most people have status costs $50.00 p.a. and allows us to 1970 Union College Council probably never seen these because we are sent such negotiate with Ihe A.U.S. Council for benefits an insufficient number. For those that did see which wc wish to retain. 1971 Union College Council them, probably a large number would agree the - Retain benefits such as Travel and Health Officer Cadet, Queensland University appalling content wasn't worth reading anyway. Schemes. Squadron Because of a lack of funds (due to financial — Maintain with the enormous amount of money incompetence). National U will no longer be saved the Education and Abschol portfolios. In David G. Russell POLICY STATEMENT: appearing this year. view of the fact that Queensland has a significant proportion of Australia's aboriginal Candidate for St. Lucia (Full-time) Area Travel Schemes. This facility Is utilised by a In the final analysis, an organisation such as the population contained within her boundaries, I minority of students. Fees are not used lo lessen Vice President. Union can be justified only if the vast majority of feel that what money is devoted to solving this fares-all concessions come from group bookings its members can, on asking themselves the question problem should be spent here. Obtaining a full and charter flights. In fact, this could be done 'Has the Union improved the quality of my life as a time paid officer, would not be beyond the PERSONALDETAILS: locally although there probably wouldn't be the student?', obtain an answer in the affirmative. The realm of possibility. UNION same number of varied trips. If my proposal for role of any officebearer in the Union must — Abolish the portfolios of Papua-New Guinea 1969 National U Correspondent for UQU primarily be to ensure that his constituency is able Associate Membership of A.U.S. is accepted, this could probably be retained anyway. Officer, International Officer, Incoming Delega­ NUAUS Committee to do this. tions Officer, Cultural Affairs Officer, W.U.S. Gallup Poll Committee In my view, it is doubtful if the majority of Cultural Benefits. Apart from National U, and this and Welfare Officer because past experience lias members of the St. Lucia full time area can is of doubtful worth, the only cultural activity shown their total irrelevance to the more Publications Committee pressing problems of the student experience. honestly say that the quality of their life has been organized by A.U.S. was the Canberra Arts Festival 1970 St. Lucia ' (Full time) Area Vice run under the auspices of the Aquarius Founda­ so improved. With the exception of the Theatre, tion. Due to the usual financial incompetence, this I believe that with our present pitiful resources, the President Union services are often second rate, if provided at happening left a massive debt of $13,000 for priorities of the Queensland branch of A.U.S. Chairman, Publications Standing Com­ all. The refectory is possibly the worst example. It A.U.S. to pay. It is doubtful whether any such should be Abschol and Education in that order. is frequently dirty, the service is usually slow mittee ventures will ever be attempted again. (particularly in times of maximum usage), and the A.U.S. plans to increase fees even more in the very Chairman, Union Re-organisation near future, to finance even more bureaucratic food leaves a lot to be desired. Comparable Health Scheme. Less than a dozen people are Committee bungling and financial ineptitude. If we are not to establishments in other universities, such as Sydney members on this campus. Besides this, individual waste our money, then I shall need YOUR support. NUAUS Standing Committee and Melbourne, exhibit none of these characteris­ office bearers receive mountains of circulars to give

PERSONALDETAILS: U.Q.U. House Committee. business and investment lectures arranged by Part-Time Vice-President 59th and 60th U.Q.U. Clubs and Societies Committee. Part-Time Studenis Committee. Councils. University of Queensland Physical Education As Union fees are included I believe that it is up to Education Faculty Representative, 58th and Society. the Union to provide you with realistic benefits 59th Councils. from your money. Because of this, I will be University of Queensland Womens Hockey opposing any increase in Union Fees for 1972 for A.U.S. Education Officer, 1970. Association. part-time students, unless you, the part-time Physical Education Student on Education Queensland Teachers Union. students, vote for such an increase. In my opinion, Faculty Board, 1971. the Union is not sufficiently concerned with the Australian Labor Party. v*«lfare and needs of the part-time student Editor of "Evening Student". Qld. State Primary Schools Amateur Swim­ Union Representative to U.Q. Staff Associa­ population, and until some evidence of increased ming Assoc. Committee. interest is demonstrated, I do not believe that the tion. Union is justified in asking to raise your contribution to Union Funds. Thus. I would ask Assistant Orientation Director, 1971. POLICY STATEMENT: Member of Senate Improvements Com­ you to vote "no" in any referendum to increase mittee. I fee) I have already shown my concern for Union fees. part-time students in my current lerm as Part-Time "Quang" Disciplinary Committee. Vice-President. This year saw the establishment of In seeking to be re-elected Part-Time Vice- Griffith University Interim Council Com­ an "Evening Studenl" newsletter, informal social President, I do so because I believe that there is a mittee. evenings and an attempt to ascertain the real continuing and urgent need for people in the requirements of part-time students via question­ Union to put the case of evening students actively Senate/Student Liaison Committee. naires. (In co-operation with the Library, a on all matters concerning them. I would ask for POLICY STATEMENT-ANN WHITE U.Q.U. Library Liaison Committee. video-tape on "Use of the Library" was made and your vote for myself as Part-Time Vice-President POSITION SOUGHT-ST. LUCIA PART- U.Q.U. Publications Committee. shown as a step towards supplying just one of the on 61st Council, so that I can continue the policies U.Q.U. Student Accommodation Com­ problem areas raised in response to the survey). I have started for the representation and welfare of TIME VICE-PRESIDENT Currently, there is available a free course of Part-Time Students. mittee.

Whether or not you are concerned with social CANDIDATE FOR LOCAL A.U.S. On the average, each campus receives $1,277 in issues, there are still a number of factors effecting return. OR LOOKING AT IT ANOTHER WAY, POLICY STATMENT-SIMON McMILLAN the Union which are of importance to lots of SECRETARY. EACH QUEENSLAND STUDENT RECEIVES 13c POSITION SOUGHT-HONORARY people. Traditionally, candidates in Union elec­ R. CHARLES WARE FOR EACH 75c THAT HE CONTRIBUTES. It Is obvious that the average Queensland student SECRETARY tions make promises and so forth which we all know will be carried out with tittle or no Personal Details: doesn't even receive thisl persistance. I am going to make a few comments 1969 Honorary Secretary, University of PERSONALDETAILS: on things I would like to see happen to your Union Queensland Liberal Club. Meanwhile, a breakdown in communications with the Administration has resulted in scant attention Honorary Secretary, 1971. in the next year or two. These are matters which 1970 Arts Rep.. 59th Union Council concern me directly as Honorary Secretary and are being paid to the needs of siudents under the Science Representative, 1970-71. of immediate practical concern to students. Assistant Honorary Secretary, 59th administration. Refusal to co-operate with the Library Liaison Committee, 1970-71. Presidency: I hope that we can relieve the Union Council discipline statute, IN CONJUNCTION WITH Finance Advisory Committee, 1970-71. President of many administrative worries so that he CONSTRUCTIVE ATTITUDES TOWARDS Publications Director, University of AMENDING IT, would have been a desirable step. A.U.S. Council, February 1971. can concentrate on more fundamental issues facing the Union. This is really what he should be doing Queensland Liberal Group The Union Council simply chose the former and Science Faculty Board 1971. now. Honorary Secretary, University of ignored the latter. University Library Committee 1970-71. Queensland Liberal Group Union communication with its members is worse Ex Officio on most Committees of the Activities: Things have improved this year for Assistant Honorary Secretary, 60th than at any time in the pasl four years. The office full-time students, but still the part-timers get Union. Union Council bearers have become, to a large extent, concerned little. Let's hope Ann White and the crew keep with an approach to the needs of students in the irying. The employment of a special Activities Chairman, Public Rights Committee, manner of a 'toy parliament'. While clear and POLICY STATEMENT: Officer would do a great deal. 60th Union Council obvious sludent needs exist, the Union prefers to The Annual Union Review (or is it a Revue?) is Student Meetings: I would like to see meetings Member, Library Liason Committee, devote money to such projects as sending the upon us once again, and I've lost my list of cliches. such as those held at Sydney University become 60th Union Council general vice president overseas ($200) and a bail fund for persons disrupting the Springbok tours Nevermind, perhaps I may remember some along more of a feature here. At present we have 1971 Acting Honorary Secretary, 60th the way. inadequate facilities for this, so perhaps something ($1,000). Semper Floreat consumes an increasing will have to be done to provide for these. Union Council proportion of the revenue budget ($13,000 this The Honorary Secretary is responsible for the College Rep., 60th Union Council year, up $3,000 from last year) for no apparent Union Office and facilities offered therefrom; the Semper Floreat: Yes, the Council did suspend it, increase in quality. and then got it going again, no doubt to be preparation and presentation of Council Meetings THE GREAT A.U.S. SCANDALI and the 101 other things associated with general forgotten again. Any ideas would be most These defects are, in my opinion, principally due administration. As a member of most of the welcome. Content, frequency of publication, The Auslralian Union of Students is everything to a predominance of essentially negative and Unibn's Committees he is also in a position to advertising, must all be reviewed. Autonomy? you ever thought it was, only worse-bureau- inward looking thinking on the part of its office know just what is going on in the Union. In the Perhaps an editorial committee is required. cratically top-heavy, alarmingly inefficient and bearers. The next St. Lucia Vice President should past, this knowledge has never been relayed, but Notice Boards: Better activities and Clubs and completely dedicated to maintaining the organiza­ seek, as far as is possible, to depart from the things are changing and will continue to do so. I Societies noticeboards must be established. Also a tion itself instead of striving for its goals, nebulous pattern that has been established over the past am convinced that the task outlined here can be firm policy on who uses which board, as cluttering though they are. To my mind, this is totally twelve months. Particularly, he should seek to: performed by anybody of reasonable intelligence, is at an all time high. incompatible with serving the interests of its (i) improve the Union guest speaker programme so I cannot claim any extraordinary ability here, constituent organizations. in order to obiain more, belter standard but rather only the benefit of experience. Office'~Services: Cheaper photocopying-the new speakers machine which I have hired is saving us about $700 The current A.U.S. fee levy is 75c per sludent (ii) improve Union facilities to a state where It seems to me that one of the most critical areas in per annum. There have been price cuts, and more which means that Queensland contributes $8,600 members of the Union can be proud to bring judging between candidates in this election is lhat will follow. Quality offset printing is no longer an per year from student funds. All told A.U.S. guests to the premises of idealogical approach. Whilst I accept that social impossibility, and something we must consider receives in levies on students and other income (iii) grant meaningful assistance to the Inter- reform and self management are worthwhile goals, most urgently. $111,970. However, this is not the amounl spent Collcge Council by way of grants commensur­ and that the Right Channels are blocked, I cannot on students and their pressing needs. From the ate wilh those given to faculty societies Clubs & Societies: Complete investigation of total income, must be subtracted the amount help but take a somewhat pragmatic stand. costing is required. I see an overall lowering of (iv) establish new communications with the needed, to keep the bureaucratic monster in administration, particularly with a view to Two things concern me with regard to social charges as a possibility if inflation does not win running expenses, to pay the office bearers a resolving the present discipline impasse confrontation. Firstly, I cannot accept the naive out. comfortable salary, to pay for the oflice bearers to (v) ensure that student publications play a approach of people on this Campus who claim to Refectory: Sorry, not in my department, mate. jet-set around the countryside, to pay for the two positive role in communications on campus, be revolutionaries and activists. To be successful in Councils a year held in Melbourne (this year rather than a narrow negative one as instanced our changing present society, one must be Parking: Unless you ride a push bike, then Ihings estimated to cost $9,940) and generally to have a by this year's Semper simultaneously shrewd and positive. People go soft will become more difficult here. The Union must jolly good time at student expense. All this fun, (vi) alter Ihc Union's constitution to provide that in the head by boating it on a wall all the time confront the Administration on this issue. listed in the current A.U.S. budget, as recurrent no political activity will be undertaken by the (cliche). expenditure, costs the mammoth sum of $88,980. Union which docs not relate lo the needs of Herston & Turbot Street Areas: I have instigated So, in facl, there is only $22,990 left out of a Secondly, revolution must not become on ond in regular deliveries of publications to these areas, and studenis per se, and in no case without the itself. Realistic goals must be set rather than "ivory budget of $111,970 to be spent on the various matter being pul to the general student body more is in the wind. constituent organizations of which Ihere are 18. tower" ideals. by way of referendum^ 14 semper floreat July 23 1971

The position of Honorary Treasurer tends to be apolitical in nature. Rarely does he play a large part in active student politics as compared with, (oi example, the President or G, V. P. However, the Hon Treasurer is a member of the Executive and as such must take part in the general policy-making process. Thus, as well as responsibility in financial matters, his attitude towards the Union should be noted when assessing the worth of an Hon, Treasurer. In my involvement in Union affairs over the past years, I have become disturbed about (a) the general lack of efficiency in the workings of the Union, and (b) the large amount of money which is used where it needn'tl>e used, and, in some cases, the losses which occur (e. g, refectoiy trading). On looking more closely, these two defects are somewhat related. That is, excessive expenditure can be traced to structural inefficiency. As is the tendency with all diligent treasurers (or potential treasurers) I am reluctant to see money going down the drain where it would be saved. At me moment, I feel too much money is being expended on actually running the present Union Complex, to the exclusion the more, and better, amenities for students, and of providing them with a wider choice of subsidised activities. DAVID ROBERT BOUGHEN The situation can be remedied in a number of ways: (a) Reduce the Union staff, especially those who are shitworkers anne doggett unfit. In no way is this meant to be mercenary, but POSITION SOUGHT: HONORARY SECRETARY Carolyn beatson one young, able bodied worker is worth two older and peter arnott unfit persons, and he costs the Union only half the darcy coil ins wages into the bargain. teny kenway (b) Restructure the Union committee system, such paul davies that useless committees (and their monetary allow jim i)eatson ances) are eliminated, and overworked committees Personal Details chris flynn are subdivided, reducing inefficiency and overexpendit- alan knight ure Ihrough sheer pressure of work. (I can vouch for 1970: Committee Member U.Q.R.S. cover designs wayne and wade this from my experience as Chairman of A. S, C.) Commitlee Member 0. U. U. S. (c) When presenting the year's budget, reallocate carioonisfs errol o'neill cliris Stafford money from 'political'funds into activities. I think 1971: Arts Representative, Union Council political views etc. are very adequately covered by photograpliers david and eric the respective clubs and societies, with their own Arts Faculty Board Member mark mockings grants from the Unioa Chairman, Activities Standing Committee business paul morjanoff (tel. Culmral Affairs Officer, A.UTS. manayer 71 3138) When choosing which candidate for the position of Senate Student Liason Committee Member editor robyn l)ardon Hon. Treasurer (and other positions) to vote for, I ask Union Theatre Committee Member typesetting you to judge wilether he is seeking this position to Legal Standing Committee Member central art & type achieve a pure y political end, or whether he has A.U.S. Standing Committee Member printers giant pjinttntj company the interests of students, and the welfare of the Clubs and Societies Standing Committee Member Union at hearL I assure you that my policy rests on' U.Q.U. Delegate to A.U.S. Council (Febmary) the latter. Member of Univenity Inter Varsity Debating Team

% •

AGRICULTURE REP. (1): Michael Capelin EDUCATION REP.: John Freeland (R.A.T. Candidate) Dinah Priestley (R.A.T. Candidate) (PART-TIME) (2) ARCHITECTURE REP. (1): Alan Davies (R.A.T. Candidate) ENGINEERING REP. (2): John Archbold Dale Gourlay (R.A.T. Candidate) ARTS REP. iFULt-TIME): William Abrahams 16) Oscar Groeneveid James Beatson (R.A.T. Candidate) John Heike Morris Bernard Kenneth Jarrott Laurence Boccabetia Maria Borsellino (R.A.T. Candidate) UWREP. (1): David Lewis Ross Breusch Colin Moore (R.A.T. Candidate) James Carter MEDICINE REP. (4): James Dickinson ^ 1/1 •. o Graeme Grassie (R.A.T. Candidate) Judy Gyamnati (R.A.T. Candidate) Alan Grieve Peter McKeown Benedict Kehoe Michael O'Shea Anthony Kneipp {R.A.T. Candidate) Leigh Rollason {R.A.T. Candidate) Murray Love (R.A.T. Candidate) David Wedgwood Con Lucas (R.A.T. Candidate) — ,-. 3" 3- MUSIC REP. (1): Elizabeth Netterfield (R.A.T. Candidate) Sylvia Blazevich (R.A.T. Candidate) Margaret Pearce SCIENCE REP. (FULL­ Kenneth Armstrong Michael Richards TIME) (3) John Arrowsmith Carmel Shute Colin Beasley (R.A.T. Candidate) Paul Tully Kenneth McSwain ARTS REP. {PART-TIME): Joel Barnett Philip Mead (R.A.T. Candidate) (5) Anthony Frazer David Moore (R.A.T. Candidate) John Gray Henry Osiecki Elizabeth Phillips (R.A.T. Candidate) Bruce Riddle Gregory McKitrick (R.A.T. Candidate) VETERINARY SCIENCE John Hill John Stanwell (R.A.T. Candidate) REP.d) Geoffrey Stirk Robert Taggart (R.A.T. Candidate) -< - '" Richard Tarnawski (R.A.T. Candidate) COLLEGE REP. (2): Robert Cunningham Ross Garrad (R.A.T. Candidate) COMMERCE REP. (FULL­ Andrejs Apse (R.A.T. Candidate) Kathryn Hall TIME) (2) John-M ichel Chapuis Jocetyn Robertson Peter Hempel Michael McRobbie (R.A.T. Candidate) PHARMACY REP.d): John Lee Colin O'Gorman Alison May Neil Owen COMMERCE REP. (PART- William Holdsworth Raymond Scholes TIME) (2) POST-GRAD. REP. (2): EDUCATION REP.: Greg Mallory (R.A.T. Candidate) (FULL-TIME) (1) Peter Thomson POST-GRAD. REP. (3): Lewin Blazevich IR.A.T. Candidate) Jim Stevens Wayne Rubenstein (R.A.T. Candidate) Graham Jones (R.A.T. Candidate) semper floreat July 23 1971 15

ROLLING STONES: Sticky Fingers (ROLL­ ING STONES/ATLANTIC)

For someone like myself who has been an O occasional visitor to those dark regions of © rock inhabited by the Stones, without ever being more than just a sometime fan, this album is the realization of all that they should have been capable of long ago. ,0 Musically it is far removed from the ragged, furry disasters that were Aftermath and Their Satanic Majesties Request, and on the production side it is only rivalled by Between the Buttons and Beggar's Banquet. For my part, Let It Bleed is best forgotten, o o unless you regard it as one of the important stepping-stones which brought their music back to solid, honest rock and roll. Although Sticky Fingers contains no song to surpass the brilliance of Sympathy for the Devil or 0 (remember?) Paint It Black, it represents for the most part a return to the familiar Stones o sound of old, especially on Brown Sugar and Note on MUSCLE SHOALS: Traditionally Bitch. But they return in the company of the home of that ole "Southern funk" as some of rock's best sidemen and session well as jazz and early rock and roll. Muscle musos, namely the ubiquitous Nicky Hop­ Shoals is at present achieving some notoriety kins (piano), and Billy Preston (organ), plus as a mecca for rock performers all over the Delaney and Bonney's horn-players Bobby world. It is an area in northwest Alabama Keyes (sax) and Jimmy Price (trumpet), who with Hopkins have become almost per­ bordered by Tennessee and Mississippi, and manent members of the band. Old friends the main factors contributing to its popu­ like pianist Jack Nitsche and producer larity with numerous artists are Its proximity Jimmy Miller are there, and Nashville to Memphis, Nashville and Macon, the guitarist Ry Cooder adds some moody technical excellence of its studios and bottleneck to the frightening descriptive musicians, and its relaxed atmosphere far piece Sister Morphine, which like most of from the pressure of New York, Los Angeles the other songs was written between 1968 and other centres. Among the 'greats' to and 1970, not especially for this LP. If you have been associated with Muscle Shoals are listen very hard, you might also hear string Percy Sledge, Aretha Franklin, King Curtis, arrangements by Paul Buckmaster (of Elton Bobby Womack, Jerry Wexler, Wilson John fame) and electric piano by bassist Bill Pickett, Otis Redding, Steve Cropper, Wyman, showing musical versatility which Bobbie Gentry, Duane Allman and Eric almost compensates for the fragmentary Clapton, while record companies include nature of the album. Instrumentally, the Atlantic, Capitol, Fame and Dot. Incidental­ outstanding track would have to be Can't ly, the Stones and Clapton aren't the only Vou Hear Me Knocking, which begins with English performers to have recorded there- both Keith Richard and Mick Taylor playing both Lulu and Dusty Springfield completed short, interweaving chord riffs against each very successful albums in Muscle Shoals. other, with Mick Jagger singing better and more inventively than I've ever heard him (Condensed and plagiarised from a long do. After a repeated chorus, the song goes article by Leonard Feather, jazz critic for into a long, rhythmic instrumental coda, England's Melody Maker, January 16, very Santana (congas by Rocky Dijon) and 1971-p. 2S.) jazz-influenced, with an insane sax blown by * Record kindly loaned for review by Keyes and a nice solo from Taylor which University Bookshop. recalls Bloomfield on East West. Taylor, in fact, acquits himself well on a number of THE BYRDS UNTITLED ALBUM (C.B.S.) tracks, showing a more mature and tasteful style than in the days when be was crusading The new Byrds release is a double album with John Mayall. On You Gotta Move, for set-one live, one studio (special price! only instance, a blues piece credited to Mississippi $8.25). Actually you pay for 1 album and 1 Fred McDowell, Taylor's electric slide guitar song (Mr. Tambourine Man, Mr. Spaceman, fair steals the limelight from Richard, who all these are played well and possibly were on many occasions still sounds much the included to puncture the rumour about the same as he did back in the days of Route 66 group being so bad live, it succeeds in that and Little Red Rooster. Special mention but so what). should be made of the brilliance of the last "This is not one of those big-deal, ambition track on the LP-Moonlight Mile-which is a striving 'concept albums' " says Derek haunting bluesy song that could almost have Taylor in best liner notes I've read for some been recorded by Skip James, It has in time. This is simply a series of graceful but places the same oriental, monotone drone solid tracks that it feels good to keep which you associate with that early blues cS^ hearing. They reflect no set style; country singer-guitarist. Other tracks are generally not so successful as those I've mentioned. In ft music has long been assimilated and the studio album gives us a number of songs I Got the Blues, Jagger comes on like Otis thick with 12 string, the earliest style, but Redding singing I've Been Loving You Too Long, and fails miserably, singing mostly flati the songs are happier, more personal, they're ^it. I w% Lf in a nasal whine. Dead Flowers should have theirown and they mean more. ^' been handed, as Keith Richard said in an Happier somehow although they deal with interview, to Jerry Lee Lewis or Merle loneliness and failure; the people in the Haggard, because it just doesn't work in the songs have realised and come to see context of this album. It would have been themselves. Just a Season and All Things are more at home amongst the rustic simplicity particularly beautiful songs and stories. As We Come Back Home is far too long (so is of Beggar's Banquet, as it shows a C & W Derek Taylor writes, "one cannot say why, his much worse Hungry Planet)-the verses influence the Stones no doubt acquired because if it isn't felt, then it isn't to be stop but the song goes on for about 5 or 6 while recording in Muscle Shoals, Alabama explained in words." minutes-the instruments repeat unpardon- (see below). "We wanted to get it on with some Southern music", says Richard, referr­ In their search for another Chris Hillman ably and the thing finally gags on "Un your ing to You Gotta Move, forgetting that the bass they now have Skip Battin-some of the ren yen your, un your ren yen your..." worst kind of eclecticism is to reproduce songs are his. They are good and have been Lover of the Bajou shows us tiie Byrds too without adding anything of your own. Most made to suit the group but he lacks the can write and play the heavy stuff-so does 8 of the album, however, is unmistakably feeling for conciseness and symmetry which Mile High, in fact listen to all the live album Stones, and should please any rabid fan as has always been a Byrds characteristic, a as well as the studio one. It's worth the well as convert many hesitant bystanders characteristic which at its worst gave us money as Woodstock never was. like myself. By the way-Andy Warhol's Dylan songs minus any number of verses and cover, as you probably know already, is a Goin' Back minus the last and best verse, McGuinn once said Byrds albums are minor masterpiece . .. just the thing to put plus the first versus, plus the first verse electronic magazines. This one is too, but it your Sticky Fingers in, repeated. At its best, however, this sym­ contains more pictures than any of the metry gave us effective, happy pieces of others. And the pictures move. atmosphere like Jesus is Just Alright all of which is a preamble to saying Skip Battin's Richard OverelL -CeS 16 semper floreat july 23 1971

"Notwithstanding the limits of present knowledge, it is clear that cannabis is a potent drug, having as wide a capacity as alcohol to alter mood, judgment and functional ability. In that sense we agree,... that canabis is a 'dangerous drug'. But we think it Is also clear that, in terms of physical harmfulness, cannabis is very much less dangerous than the V. opiates, amphetamines and barbiturates, and also less dangerous than alcohol". ^ V,

This passage sums up a large part of the dilemma which the Advisory Committee on Drug Dependence (in Britain) had to face in framing their report in 1969. The object of this article on Cannabis is to put before you, in simplistic terms, some of the current / scientific research into Cannabis and its effects. Cannabis sativa, commonly known as Canna­ '1.. bis indica, hash, hemp, dagga, marihuana, grass etc, is a commonly used intoxicant throughout the world. It has been estimated that the drug is used by 200 to 300 million people throughout the world.^ Different preparations of Cannabis have received different names throughout the world. (a) In the U.S.A. and Mexico the dried flowering top and lead of the female plant is known as marihuana, lb) Bhang (Hindustani) or Hashish (Arabic) consists of the larger leaves and twigs of ,<_ ,. , i^ ,, both male and female plant. flH^ \V\\\\ *\ (c) Charas and Hashish (Indian) is the crude ^^^^\ \V A\\ n .'t was found by Weil ^t , • resin obtained from the plant. In South ,;"f«igating the eTScts of r ^^P^'^'-^ents , Africa it is known as dagga and in •"toxication that no ajL '^^' cannabis Northern Africa it is called kief,^ * '' H '" any of the sublet T''""' occur- ' Thers is only one species of hemp, namely KT' ^'^^t a surp is ng^;^ fact it was, cannabis sative, although there are probably [tobacco smokers devSnnT"^^'°f "heavy" distinguishable variations in plants grown in ,otfiv»^^ h'^tions whenthe7 ^^'^''^^te "'cotine different parts of the world." p,W Votf.» \ cigarettes by th egS'^ '^° ^°baLo The drug is mentioned in early Chinese and \o4 ^^^^'. experfments.8 ^""^'^ "Method fn the/ Hindoo works on medicine and its use #e^Se. ^ Weils showed that "nv ., I spread slowly through Persia to the Arabs. It was used by the Mohammedan sect known as the Hashishin or assassins. The attention of Europeans to the drug was mainly attracted from reports by Napoleon's Egypt- ^degree of fmpalrmentof no /^°"' ^^^ same ain expedition.^ f ;^ as do naive sufe ^^ ^'•'"^nce on the %^f iera^°tW°^at^^^.'^ 00^ ^l^^oa^^, Hashish is believed by Wasson to have been used by the Indo-Aryans [vide Rg. Veda) as Versos* te^'^'^'^T y^as ^toW^N Se ^^^''lot^^^ a surrogate to Sacred Mushrooms, after their '^>vro^!:^^^.srs>.V;:ri- migration southward. Cannabis extracts have been used in human medicine as a sedative and hypnotic and also in veterinary medicine ICa^^^^e ''^ t\.\^^^ w\tt^^ a\3^^® vrt^eet^ as an anaesthetic in horses. ^aJ acute dpnr. • "'"''Canna- Until the • discovery of the major psychoactive component of Cannabis, tetra- hydro cannabinol (T.H.C), most scientific investigations were carried on without any euphoriant /« ^^""abis is not ,. real knowledge of what chemical (and how much of it was involved) was being DePREs?inI?"' experiences » ^ ^^e administered to experimental subjects. Plant material varies not only in its content of major active chemicals but also in its content of other biologically active chemicals. Most of the work in the 1900s was done using crude Cannabis extracts. Loewe, one of the major workers in the field at that time pointed out the inadequacy of using chemically treated Cannabis resins in Pharm­ acological tests.^ It is possible that during ' « 1' extraction of cannabis with chemical sol­ vents, certain chemicals, which would not normally pass into the body, could have caused many of the variable responses seen in the experimental animals. Cannabis provokes a semi-conscious state in man, in which judgment seems to be lost, and imagination is unhindered by its usual restraints.^ The dreams assume the vividness of visions, of boundless extravagance and, of course vary with the character and pursuits of the individual. Ideas flash through the mind, without apparent continuity, and all measurements of time and space are lost. True hallucinations may appear, but are often absent.'

In general it may be said that cannabis smoking causes increased heartrate, no change in respiratory rate, no change in blood sugar levels or pupil size and a dilation of blood vessels in the conjunctive of the eye. The drug also causes analgaesia (lessening of pain sensation) and hypo­ thermia (lowering of body temperature). It is thought that an atropine-like substance in Cannabis causes the effect of drying of the mouth associated with Cannabis smoking.^ ^ / semper floreat july 23 1971 17

A self-limiting TOXIC PSYCHOSIS is a rare pharmacology In its report to the British House of REFERENCES: consequence of Cannabis consumption and Commons in 1969 the Advisory Committee can be distinguished from the more common His observations like those of many others^" 1. CANNABIS-Reporl bv the Advisory Com­ on Drug Dependence^ states; "Evidence that 1 mittee on Drug Dependence H.M. Stationary depression and panic by the presence of indicate that impairments in immediate a high proportion of heroin addicts have Office. disorientation, confusion, and auditory as memory from Cannabis intoxication do not previously taken cannabis does not more 2. "Marihuana Chemistry" Melchoum-SciencB well as visual hallucination. This type of follow a smooth time function but, rather, than suggest that the marihuana smoker is 168.1159 June 1970. reaction usually follows oral consumption are episodic, brief in duration and not 3. Trease--Textbook of Pharmacognosy. more likely than the non-smoker to take 4. Watt-Poisonous Plants of S.E. Atrica. and responds, like the others, to conservative always under volitional control. These heroin. The frequency of such a "pro­ episodes often interrupted the speech 5. Loewe-Psychopharmacological Agents, Vol. treatment.^' gression" remains obscure. The greatest 1 p. 856. patterns of the subjects and seemed to be Vulnerable personalities, classified by Weil as emphasis (on the causes of such a "pro­ 6. Wright-Veterinary Anaesthesia 3rd ed. p. associated with the intrusion of extraneous gression"), lies however, on the personality 104. "ambulatory shirphrenics", may experience perceptions and thoughts.^ ^ 7. Grollcnan-Pharmacology and Therapeutics atypical reactions frequently characterized of the user. Most heroin addicts are multiple 4th ed. p. 231-232. by feelings of unreality; these may persist Recent studies into the effects of Cannabis drug users and come from the emotionally 8. Clinical and Psychological effects of cannabis and require psycho-therapy and anti­ on the retrieval aspect of memory indicate impoverished family background, often in man. WeiZ-Science 162, 1234 (Dec. 681. found in the delinquent groups, and 9. Martin-Lancet 1, 370 (Feb. 69). psychotic medication. Persons who have that Cannabis impairs the sensitivity or 10. "Cannabis, Yet another Teratogen?" Brit. previously taken hallucinogens may ex­ acuity needed for recall tests. These tests cannabis users with different personalities Med. J. 1 797 (Mar. '691. perience a recurrence of halluninations consist of recalling words in a list of 10. five and backgrounds may be predisposed to the 11. Unwanted effects of cannabis Lancet 2,1350 (flashback) which may be disturbing but are minutes after it is read. A total of fifteen taking of heroin, amphetamines and other (Dec. '701. drugs."i ^ ' 6 12. Comparison of Effects of cannabis and usually benign. Finally, persons who have lists were given and this original list of 150 Alcohol on Simulated Driving—Craneer et al words was mixed with another 150 words taken halluninogens occasionally suffer de­ In closing, it is up to the individual to make Science 163, 851 (May'69). layed psychotic reactions, and these may be and the subject was asked to circle those 13. "Marihuana & Immediate Memory"— his own decision concerning the issues of triggered by cannabis. Such reactions are words in the original list. This type of test is Tinklenberg Nature 226,1171. Cannabis. It is just as wrong for the "pop Clark-Am. J. Psychiat 125,1375 (1968). lisually. but not always, related to a previous common, and must fall into the same basic Abel-Nature 231, 58 (1971). history of mental illness and are often error that the tests into motor co-ordination culture" to advocate smoking as a thing to Lancet 1, 139 (Jan.'69). resistant to treatment.'^ mentioned previously. The problem of task be done to be "socially" acceptable and expected, anti-motivation and that cannabis "cool" (in their context), just as it is wrong cannabis and co-ordination smoking is placed out of its whole social (for for the "norm society" to apply pressures on There are many problems associated with the smoker) context and placed in an the individual to drink and become a "man". the psychological testing in experiments experimental design. investigating aspects of Cannabis intoxica­ Possibly there is a state of mind where tion. Often the nature of selection results in "harder drugs" chemicals such as alcohol and cannabis are subjects who sit to perform better with Much of the debate which surrounds the not needed. A change in society would be cannabis than in the non-drugged state or legalisation of, or light penalties for, needed, but this change would only be under the influence of alcohol. Weil cannabis smoking has centred on the topic preceded by a change in each one of us S\\^^ emphasises the importance of both subject of whether cannabis smoking leads to the where we do not NEED chemical crutches to bias and the experimental environment.^ taking of harder drugs (e.g. heroin). anaesthetize ourselves to ourselves-in the With this in mind Craneer has compared the case of alcohol, or use cannabis to reach a effects of Cannabis and alcohol on simulated state where we hope to see ourselves and driving performance. He found that subjects b^v^^^? others as they really are-people like l%vn intoxicated by Cannabis, accumulated ourselves. ^^\V\v significantly more speedometer reading fk^sM errors on the sinulator than the non-drugged (control) state, but there were no significant k differences in accelerator, brake, signal, steering and total errors when compared to the control state. These same subjects, who were selected because they were familiar why you should buy with Cannabis and alcohol, accumulated significantly more accelerator, brake, signal, speedometer and total errors when intoxica­ ted by alcohol than were shown in control the left wins bike- conditions.^ ^ In this set of experiments Craneer used a set \l of physiological changes established by Weil ^ or Ihympliii around tl to determine whether the subject is intoxica- )|| ted by the Cannabis. He also used the safeguard of not informing the subject of AJ tundra with Cossack. their performance or the methods to .yj The Ru{5sians have grudgingly released a brute of a determine errors in order to cut out\ bike called Cossack onto the Australian transport non- subjective bias.^ ^ scene. It isn't oite of your irnperialist crack-a-jacks that shake-s to piece.s as fast as the American empire. The effect of Cannabis on human motor and ^!\ It's built to last many Russian winters — thumping mental performance has been investigated around the tundra. So an Australian summer will be using many types of experiment design. a warm breeze. It just goes and goes and goes. Bearing in mind the emphasis that many Cossack brings you what every student needs, a com­ workers place on the experimental environ­ modity that even the bright boys in government can't ment (and this must also include the task to provide. Cheap and reliable transport. be carried out by the subject) experiments And Cossack bring.s you a range to satisfy the meekest such as finding the ability of subjects to Arts I girl to the toughest roughest jock on campus. It goes like this .. . Cossack 125 for ?275; Cos.sack 175 track complex patterns of cathode ray for $345; Cossack 350 twin for $395; and the big rough oscilloscopes with electronic beams only i one, Cos.sack 650 for $650. Rouble for rouble they're show a decrement in motor performance and the best value you can buy. And they're so tough that co-ordination in those circumstances. Since even the guys who drive ten ton semis have stopped Cannabis is thought of by those who use it trying to run them over. as a social drug, any psychological testing This year David Rundle rode one from England to must be done in an environment similar to India in 25 days. Because he couldn't get the right that of the subject when he is using the drug. <*^ oil, the engine of his Cossack seized in Bulgaria. With It must also be remembered that cannabis a broken piston and .shattered rings he still rode intoxication is associated with a certain through Bulgaria, Turkey, Iran and Afghanistan where degree of anti-motivation and introversion he eventually had to replace the rings. And nearly became the victim of marauding tribesmen. But Cos­ and the subject may not feel completely sack soldjereti on. As it will for you. Go left wing. Go motivated to do experimental tasks. Cossack. Go and look at Cossack at memory :k. In the process of memory it is thought that there are certain "paths" which information ll must follow to become permanently im­ printed in the memory. While information is 1^2 being permanently imprinted to become part of "long term memory" (by an unknown process), it is held in the "short term VF memory". If the short term memory of a i^\\^» piece of data is "destroyed", by electrical or DISTRIBUTORS chemical means, there is no imprinting in the :l :!i "long term memory". It is thought that this Contact: Helen Douglas. imprinting takes a conscious effort (i.e. Capitol Motors Ltd., concentration). 100 Parramatta Road, Clinical anecdotes and recent studies suggest AUBURN 648-3033. that Cannabis intoxication interferes with N.S.W. immediate memory. Tinklenberg etal found that was a significant difference in the total yj§,\ 'I'he prices quoted nre .Svitncy. number of errors between the control state They nmy he .slijjhtly hlKhcr m ulliei' ijtulvH. and the drugged state in cognitive tasks which require immediate memory.'*' 18 senrper floreat july 231971 THE GOLDEN FLEECE

The plastic gods of advertising have to keep Before the tale unwinds. Dr. Kenny, head of Step 1: release the book just before a or specials, However their basic function is sellingsellingselling. New ways to extract the research company and considered to be present-giving time (Father's Day). Everyone to gain a greater share of the market, a money from the consumer are worth big the bright light of the emerging Market will be looking for a crappy old present for greater part of the consumer dollar. My money in the Wonderland of Madison Ave., Research fad, admitted that the book was Dad. contention is that most of this money is and what is good for Madison Ave., is good not terribly good ... Step 2: Paul Hamlyn doesn't care much wasted. for the advertising wonder-boys of Australia. Well, a quick fairy godmother bit gave the about the institutional book stores. They sell Naturally enough, to substantiate this claim, And whoopee; Market Research is going to twok a cover which was considered attract­ in the big Department stores on a payonly- we could easily bog down in the standard sellsellsell. No more the advertising catch- ive and would guarantee to sell (sellsellsell). for-what-you-sell basis. (Let's keep 'em mire of political argument. Unfortunately cry-'let's get down on all four legs and look And the guts of the tale... Australian and happy baby, they're on our side). this would alienate too many people, so I at this from the clients point-of-view'. Now New Zealand Fishing was sold—and is still Step 3: The bookshelves are placed in shall have to maintain a non-political we Research. Find out how the consumer being sold-at an incredible $6.95! $6.95. positions where it is almost impossible to standard to the argument. In the light of this wants to be fleeced. Advertising Awards are From $3.65. (But, baby, the masses are avoid them. (Speaking of a cheap record it may be best to give but a few examples. out. Market Research is in. So let's all jump willing to pay). The research had shown line, Dr. Kenny states that the racks are The oil industry in Australia spends several on the bandwagon and research like crazy profit maximized at $6.95. And Dr. Kenny placed 'where people must literally trip over million dollars a year on advertising and its till someone comes up with a better idea. stated that profit would have been only them'). related promotions. But how many are Example: The Paul Hamlyn organisation, marginaUy down if the book was sold for Step 4: Market everything as a special. Even affected by this enormous expenditure? You purveyors of innocuous books, were going to $8.95! if you've added $3.30 to the price. will find that the vast majority of petrol/oil publish a supposedly authoritative account Thus Paul Hamlyn and the stores shared an Step 5: Get a bigger Bank vault. consumers buy a certain brand for the most of fishing in Australia and New Zealand. incredible $3.30 per copy over and above mundane reasons imaginable. In most cases Called Australian and New Zealand Fishing the profit they would have made at a price Thus rises the spectre of Market Research. they buy at the most convenient petrol (well, how 'bout that one, boss?), the book of S3.65. At a sales figure of over 50.000 (But baby, it's a gas. We can't fail. It's our station-at their shopping centre, on the way contained 950 pages, was well illustrated, copies, the Australian consumer was conned duty to Free Enterprise). This latest to work-and have almost no regard for and contained some poor-quality colour out of a total $165,000. And the boys from plaything of the advertising minions is brand-names unless some obtuse allegiance plates (but Harry baby, colour's the name of Paul Hamlyn laughed all the way to the converting a hit-or-miss technique into a sure can be formed. The advertising expenditure the game these days, we gotta have colour). bank. (But baby, the people were willing to fire method of extracting money from the of the oil industry is a gross waste of money. Anyway, the backroom boys at Paul Hamlyn pay, that's all that matters). masses. (The Great Unwashed Majority, So what happens if we stop the advertising? In the case of the oil industry, each did their sums, and arrived at a prospective A couple of incidentals: the sales bullshit baby). company would probably maintain its share price of $3.65. And we can be sure that both that's wrapped around the front cover says The advertising technique to date has been of the market. But what of the car industry? Paul Hamlyn and the stores were going to 'Only $6.95'! Second, the people concerned mainly one of creative exposition. The Perhaps there would be market shifts that make a tidy profit at that price, $3.65. with this blatant misuse of their power are Advertising Agency is given a task. The would deprive some companies of a large The book was then handed to Peter Kenny actually proud of their effort. administrative people brief the creative part of their sales if the motor industry Pty. Ltd. to be researched from several But so far we only have an attractive book at echelons, who then come up with one or colluded to ban advertising. (Or if Govern­ aspects before it was sold. Selected an incredible price that appears to be more ideas. These are eventually approved ment controls banned it). But the market audiences were invited to discuss different acceptable to the prospective clientele. We and utilized. Then everyone hopes like hell it shift would be towards the better value cars. aspects as diversant as cover design and the still have to sell the book in the stores works. If it doesn't-stiff shit. The hysteria created by advertising, the price the poor fools would be willing to pay. (sellsellsell). Using Market Research however, the rough creative ideas are thoroughly tested to prove 'image sale', would be replaced by a more their effectiveness before they are used in calculating method of buying a car which the media. Thus the advertiser can be fairly would be the best for one's needs. sure of success with his campaign. And Such rigid control is not in the forseeable Admen speak of sales increases of 100's of future in Australia. However, some control is per cent for a well-researched campaign. (We necessary before advertising, with help from slayed 'em, baby, three star campaign, Market Research, becomes so effective that people killed in the rush). objective consumerism is no longer possible So much for the Paul Hamlyn coffers. But at all. the argument I have tried to put against In the necessarily very brief arguments Market Research is not viable if it can be above, (to study the derogatory effects of established that advertising, to the extent advertising fully would require a book), the which it is carried out in Australia, is accent has been on the advertising con. But inherently justifiable. A brief study of the advertising can perform the useful social uses and abuses of the industry is necessary. functions of informing and, as in Communist An advertisement can fulfil one or both of societies, clearing a market glut. In the main, the following functions. It can inform, or it advertising has little to recommend it. It can compete. Most ads, do both to some never has had. But with the spectre of extent, but a flick through this morning's Market Research rising in Australia, action is paper will show that most are basically required to halt the subtle theft as competitive-that is, they attempt to make exemplified by the perpetration of the Paul us buy one brand instead of another Hamlyn con. although both brands fulfil the same basic functions. Admittedly they are informative STEPHEN GRAY in that they may tell us of price reductions

CAIVIPUSKII\1DERGARTEN

OPENING AUGUST 30TH

Situated cnr. College and Engineering Rds.

Applications are invited for children, 2-5 years, of students and staff. Should be in writing by August 16th, and sent to: The Director, On a half-day or full-day basis Campus Kindergarten, 9 a.m. - 5 p.m. University of Qld., St. Lucia, 4607. semper floreat july 23 1971 19 mutiny on the lawsaga

(Any similarity in terminology to any conception of reality is purely in the mind of the deeper- into some of the rumours floating time of every court-martial to the petty reader, in whom will lie the final judgment of what has been written. It is also hoped that round the Fo'castle. Imagine their sur­ officers. any recognition of certain plagiarisms will be seen for what they are worth). prise then, when they came up with the Furthermore, another officer of the 1 would like you to picture yourself, dear following scurvy news. held; for once again, an officer of the ship Lawsaga who was a member of the Naval reader, in a time many, many years ago, was appointed irregularly without select­ Firstly they discovered something which Board wrote for one such connected living in far off Quintland where there was a ion from the group of very able-bodied shattered their belief in the ethics of one great School of Learning, very much revered seaman the whole of an appeal which he seamen who had applied. And speaking of of the chief petty officers. It had by its inhabitants. Now in this famous helped to uphold as a member of the applications was what brought this third transpired that, during one of the court institution were a number of Minischools, Naval Board. piece of information; not only had martials (held annually in November), and it is with one such Minischool that we Eventually, after gathering some more certain officers been appointed irregular­ this particular officer had altered the are concerned;- information, the dissidents decided to let ly, but a consideratDle number of written statement that had classified one their fellow-seamen know the details of For some time, the explosive nature of one extremely talented seamen were wanton­ seaman as "guilty" and had inserted "not most of It, and suggested that the Naval such minischool has been a topic of ly rejected. In fact, so the dissidents guilty" in its place. This particular Board hold a complete inquiry into the considerable interest to a number of people. heard, the reason for the rejection of one episode was discovered, and reported to handling of the Lawsaga in such a Many are the rumours heard in conversation fellow highly qualified in the Indian Navy both the Lawsaga's captain and to the fashion." with students, of this noble hall of learning, was that there already was a black officer Vice-Admiral of the Fleet. But to no ranging from reports of backstabbing on board, and that was one too many. avail-and in the meantime the officer The students listen spell-bound, waiting for between their learned superiors (not an Now there is a saying that goes something concerned had reinserted "guilty" onto the Alter to complete the story. But all tt uncommon phenomenon in a promotion- like this: 'once is happenstance; twice is the statement and the whole business was says in conclusion is this:- coincidence; and three times is enemy oriented system) to verbal accounts of the hushed up as an accidental slip of the "You searched after Truth; if you discover action.' And of course, this is what the paranoia of certain teachers regarding quill. Still it did appear strange at the that you have found her, then you must do dissidents decided. criticism from their students. The extent of time that the seaman so favoured what you must do. My advice is contained in these rumours never seems to go further It had seemed strange to them at the time (almost) had rather important family the story." than this, except for the ever-present of the gathering of these informations connections on the Naval Board. In fact, implication that cracks are appearing the that so much trouble had gone into the it did not take much inquiry for the veneer, and that the various forms of compilation of. the petty officers of the dissidents to discover that a considerable pressure used for containment are hard- Lawsaga, so it occured to them to delve number of influential naval people sent pressed to keep the steam from exploding. shore-to-ship communiques around the Alisdair Dugald Even so, we cannot help but be sceptical of it all, for surely if the students cannot trust respected minischool academics, then whom can they trust? Still, it seems to a number of people that a situation where the students might perhaps be afraid of confiding in their teachers for fear of some imaginary persecution (especial­ ly if they have no protection from relatives or friends in Town) can not be beneficial to the pursuit of those qualities of liberal scholarship which, they feel sure, are the basic concern of a large majority of the Lawschool staff. So once and for all they set o-t to explore the backreaches of that stream of waters, by going to the Alter of Nader (the symbol of the Religion of Investigation) and inquiring after Truth, an What's your potential? enigma which can sometimes be found there; and the alter replied in the form that follows:— "Once upon a time in the western end of Oxford says: the Arts Ocean, there lived a bleak little Potential (pJic-ii/ai), a. and sl: [Late M IC. boat called the Lawsaga. Now the folenciall, ad. late L. fstentialis, f. pottntia I'orKNCV + -AL.) A. (Silj. J. Possi-ssing la­ Lawsaga, although very small in capacity, tency or pottct; potent; commrindinff. Now had many, many big guns. In fact, it had r.i>t, 1485. g. I'obslbic .IS opp. lo.iciiinl; so many big guns that often they used to enisling in pone \ c.ip;il,le of comiti!( into Leingi get in each other's way; but, even so, latent. Intc MIC. these guns meant that the Lawsaga was a very powerful pirate for the Forces of the ICI says: Free. Potential: A challenge. A real Because of this, the Lawsaga (valiant little opportunity to explore and to craft) was the pride of the Fleet, and continue learning. naturally attracted a lot of applicants to Potential: The opportunity to crew her. For a number of years then, she advance and to be rewarded sailed the Legal Seas through stormy according to your real ability. times and calm, but eventually there came a period when some of the Potential: A demanding career Lawsaga's seamen felt she had been with variety in jobs and places. wallowing in the seas for far too long, and set about finding why the captain and his Potential: A quality in graduates petty officers were so inclined. that we must help to develop. One of the first pieces of information they discovered was the fact that their skipper. Captain Blighan, had not been properly appointed. According to the Naval regulations on the appointment of If you would like to discuss careers with commanding officers, the Vice-Admiral them, ICI Representatives will be on was required to set up a committee to campus in the Counselling Services offices ascertain the relative merits of the from 28th to 30th July, 1971, inclusive. candidates; the dissidents could scarce believe their ears when told, in answer to their inquiries, that no such committee had ever been set up for the appointment of their captain. Still, they thought, let us not worry too much if he is an honourable man, for all the petty officers were regarded as honourable men. Yet they could not keep their doubts from intruding upon their young minds. And perhaps it was just as well, for the next piece of information reinforced those vague suspicions they originally 20 semper floreat july 23 1971

MEHER BABA

"I have come to sow the seed of tove in your hearts so that, in spite of all superficial "/ repeat, I lay down no precepts. When I diversity which your life in illusion must release the tide of Truth which I have come experience and endure, the feeling of to give, men's daily lives witl be the living precept The words I have not spoken will oneness, through love, is brought about come to life in them. amongst all the nations, creeds, sects and castes of the world." I veil myself from man by his own curtain of ignorance, and manifest my Glory to a few. Meher Baba states that he is the Avatar, the My present avataric form is the last AVATAR incarnation of this cycle of time, hence my first soul that emerged through evolution to unconsciously become man and as man to manifestation will be the greatest. When I consciously become God. This One establish­ break my silence, the Impact of my love will ed in Infinite Bliss, Knowledge and Power of be universal and all life in creation will Self comes periodically to awaken himself know, feel and receive of it. It will help within all illusory forms in which he, in every individual to break himself free from creation, finds himself bound, Each time the his bondage in his own way. I am the Divine Avatar comes to do his universal work he Beloved who loves you more than you can takes a different form. In his mission as the ever love yourself. The breaking of my Christ, the One behind the many, he came in silence will help you to help yourself in historical time as Zoroaster, Rama, Krishna, knowing your Real Self. Buddha, Jesus, Mohammed and, now, Meher All this world confusion and chaos was Baba (a name given to him by his early inevitable and no one is to blame. What had disciples, meaning "compassionate father"). to happen has happened; and what has to happen will happen. There was and Is no "After a gradual evolution through the way out except through my coming in your mineral, vegetable and animal kingdoms of midst. I had to come, and 1 have come. I am the gross universe for a definite yet the Ancient One." immeasurable period of millions, billions and trillions of years, consciousness reaches On 31st January, at 12 noon, 1969, Avatar perfection in man. Man then rightly ought to Meher Baba left his physical form. He often be God-conscious but does not become so emphasized the absolute independence of because of the sanokarie bindings born of Meher Baba (as God) from the body of impressions of the illusory experiences Merwan S. Irani. He once said: "Believe that gathered during the evolution of conscious­ I am the Ancient One. Do not doubt that for ness. Thus man only remains fully conscious a moment. There is no possibility of my of the gross. being anyone else. I am not this body that Before man's perfect but gross consciousness you see. It is only a coat I put on when I can involve into the Reality of God- visit you. I am Infinite Consciousness. I sit consciousness, it has first to involve into with you, play and laugh with you; but subtle consciousness and from the subtle simultaneously I am working on all planes of into full mental consciousness. For that, the existence." gross impressions have to turn into the In 1921 his first disciples began to gather subtle and from the subtle into the mental around him, being drawn to him as the One impressions, regaining, in similarity, the they had been seeking for countless lives. In faintness and fineness of earlier impressions 1925 Meher Baba began his silence. On 4th as gathered in the vegetable and mineral July of that year he announced that from forms-the fundamental difference being in 10th July he would keep silent for ayear-a consciousness. year that grew into a lifetime. Initially he You, as gross body, are born again and again communicated by writing. On 1st January, until you realise your Real Self. You, as 1927, this was given up in favour of an mind, are born only once and die only once; alphabet board and occasional hand gestures. in this sense you do not reincarnate. The In 1954 even the use of the alphabet board gross body keeps changing, but mind was discontinued. On his silence Meher Baba (mental body) remains the same throughout. has said: "I am never silent, I speak All impressions (sanskaras) are stored in the eternally. The voice that is heard deep mind. within the soul is my voice." The wheel of births and deaths ceaselessly Meher Baba travelled extensively, making in turns. You are born as a male, as a female, all eleven journeys to the West, several of rich, poor, brilliant, dull; healthy, weak, which were around-the-world tours, con­ black, white; of different nationalities and of tacting the love-awakening people to the different creeds, in accordance with your possibilities of inner unfoldment. In 1958 he inherent and imperative need to have that gave his Universal Message: richness of experience which helps transcend all forms of duality. Side by side with the "All that frightens and confuses you and experience, the paying and receiving of grips you with despair is your own shadow. payment of karmic debts go on ad infinitum. When the Sun of Love manifests in its glory, How can you clear the account? The Avatar, and all faces are turned towards that or the Sadguru, having universal mind, radiance, all shadows will have dis- literally embodies universal life. It is through appeared-even the memory of them will him that you become free from this business have vanished. of Karma," I am the joy in your heart and the despair of Merwan S. Irani |Meher Baba's given name) your mind-for Love can attain that which was born on February 25th, 1894, in Poona, the intellect cannot fathom." India. In 1913 he met Hazrat Babajan, one "I have come not to teach but to awaken. Because man has been deaf to the principles of the five Perfect Masters of the Age. Understand therefore that I lay down no and precepts laid down by God in the past, For further information: [Meher Baba has explained that at all times precepts. in tills present avataric form I observe there are five Perfect Masters (God-realized silence. You have asked for and been given Tony Armstrong, souls) on earth, who control the affairs of Throughout eternity I have laid down enough words-it Is now time to live them. 26 Macdonnell SL, the universe. It is only during avataric principles and precepts, but manking has To get nearer and nearer to God you have to Toowong. 4066. periods that they receive any public ignored them. Man's inability to live God's get further and further away from "I", Donald Greenfield, recognition.) Babajan gave him God- words makes the Avatar's teaching a "my", "me" and "mine". You have not to 32HulmeSt., realization and made him aware of his mockery. Instead of practising the com­ renounce anything but your own self. It is as Kelvin Grove. 4059. avataric role. He then sought out another passion he taught, man has waged crusades simple as that, though found to be almost Ph. 36 2553. Perfect Master, Upasani Maharaj, who during in his name. Instead of living the humility, impossible. It is possible for you to renounce Meher House Publications (Qld.), the next 7 years gave Meher Baba Divine purity and truth of his words, man has given your limited self by my Grace. I have come 33 Hampstead Rd., Knowledge. way to hatred, greed and violence. to release that Grace. Highgate Hill, 4101. r semper floreat july 23 1971 21 Training for a Career as Librarian An attractive training scheme provides a full-time postgraduate couree on full salary, followed by a professional career in the Library Sen/lce of the Commonwealth. Quaiilicatlons: Graduates and final year sludenis of such univer­ sity faculties as Arts, Law, Commerce, Economics and Science and holders of an approved award from an Instilute of Technology or College of Advanced Education. PHOENIX, the mystical bird Salaries during training are- Four year degree or three year burnt of the funeral pyre, degree plus a (uriher three year rose from the ashes with degree or diploma S4,300 renewed youth Diplomates $3,864 Second class honours S4.600 Three year degree $4,100 First class honours $4,900 Ail tuition fees will be paid by the CommonweaUh. On saiisfactory Since World War II, Germany completion of training, advancement is automatic to Librarian has risen from the ashes Class 1 wilh a salary within the range $4,328-$6,094. There are into new life. good opportunities for further advancement. Trilnlna and Location: Training for university graduates at the Phoenix is a society which Universily of New South Wales; for graduates and diplomates at Canberra College of Advanced Education and Royal Melbourne has been formed to promote Institute of Technology. Placement after training is mainly in a better understanding of Canberra, Melbourne and Adelaide. Germany, and good relation­ .* .. Information and appiicalion lorms from— ships between people of The Commonwealth Public Service Inspector's Office Australia and people of ^ Commercial Union House, 349 Queen Street, the German Democratic r^ Brisbane 4000. Telephone 31 0101 Republic. ^ with whom applications close on 31st July.

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FREE accommodation girl student new motel Surfers (pool etc.) vac week August 7-15, return few hours light duties for PASADONIMA external student, plenty time study, sun- Coffee Lounge baking etc. Douglas, c/- P.O. Box 690, Canberra City, 2601. Open for lunch and evenings, 6 p.m. - 2 a.m. Indooroopilly FOR YOUR EVERYDAY HOUSEHOLD NEEDS

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Commerce HOUM (above Colti), Leave garnients 125 Adfliidi Strtet, ttl. 21 2826. at Union Shop. 22 semper floreat july 23 1971 discipline

JAflES DARNARD PRENTICE, you are charged that on f^tonday, 28th June, 1971, being a student of the University, you were guilty of misconduct In that you disrupted a teaching activity of the University. Particulars of the said misconduct arc that between the hours of 2,10 p.m, and 3.00 p.m. on Monday, 28th June, 1971, you, together with a number of other persons Including Mr. R.I. Russell, Mr. CJ. Cunningham, Mr. A.C. Davenport, Miss R.M. Wlgln, Miss E.I. Phillips, Mr. B.L. Laver, Mr, L. ZetlIn, Mr. J.D. Fkinnett, Mr, G.F. Vignola, Miss A.M. Doggett, and Mr, M.R. Price, entered and remained In the Abel Smith Lecture Theatre and prevented George Francis King Naylor, a member of the academic staff of the University, from continuing to lecture In Psychology I, and between the hours of 3.00 p.m. and 3.30 p.m. at the same place you and the said other persons prevented William David Jones, a member of the academic staff of the University, from commencing and continuing to lecture In Psychology I which, as a member of the academic staff, he was then required to do.

You are further charged that ot. approximately 3.17 p.m. and 3.24 p.m. on that day and at the same place you, being a student of the University, were guilty of misconduct In that, being then on a part of a site of the University at St. Lucia, namely the Abel Smith Lecture Theatre, and having been required by a servant of the University, namely Samuel Alan Rayner, to leave that part of the site, you did not do so.

You are further charged that on Wednesday, 30th June, 1971, being a student of the University, you were guilty of misconduct In that you disrupted a teaching activity of the University. Particulars of the said misconduct o are that between the hours of 11,15 a.m. and 11.30 a.m. on Wednesday, 30th June, 1971, you, together with a number of other persons Including Mr. C.J, Cunningham, entered and remained In Lecture Theatre B.9 of the Main Building and prevented Manfred Jurgensen, a member of the academic staff of the CO University, from continuing to lecture In German I. to A Disciplinary Board appointed under the provisions of Section 12 CD of Statute 140^ 13 wilt meet at 9.00 a.m. on Tuesday, 27th July, I97J, and If &9 necessary from time to time thereafter till the matter Is disposed of for the purpose of hearing and adjudicating upon the above charges. You are hereby required to report to my office, fifth floor, J.D. Story Administration CTQ Building, at 8.45 a.m. on that day. I formally advise you

(I) that you may be represented by counsel or solicitor or by such other person, being willing to act, as you may appoint;

(II) that, subject to the authority of the Board to keep order lt\ the proceedings and Its power for that purpose to order the removal of any person or to refuse to hear a student or any person appointed to represent him, you together with your representative are entitled to be present throughout the hearing except when members of the Board wish to confer privately amongst themselves or to consider their decision;

(III) that you or your representative may call and examine witnesses, cross-examine witnesses other than a witness called on your behalf, and may address the Board at the conclusion of the evidence;

(S.A. Rayner) Registrar.

or: the university in a permanent state of emergency semper floreat July 23 1971 23

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