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The Caucasus Globalization Volume 7 Issue 3-4 2013 1 THE CAUCASUS & GLOBALIZATION INSTITUTE OF STRATEGIC STUDIES OF THE CAUCASUS THE CAUCASUS & GLOBALIZATION Journal of Social, Political and Economic Studies Volume 7 Issue 3-4 2013 CA&CC Press® SWEDEN 2 Volume 7 Issue 3-4 2013 THE CAUCASUS & GLOBALIZATION FOUNDED AND PUBLISHED BY INSTITUTE OF STRATEGIC STUDIES OF THE CAUCASUS Registration number: M-770 Ministry of Justice of Azerbaijan Republic PUBLISHING HOUSE CA&CC Press® Sweden Registration number: 556699-5964 Registration number of the journal: 1218 Editorial Council Eldar Chairman of the Editorial Council (Baku) ISMAILOV Tel/fax: (994 – 12) 497 12 22 E-mail: [email protected] Kenan Executive Secretary (Baku) ALLAHVERDIEV Tel: (994 – 12) 561 70 54 E-mail: [email protected] Azer represents the journal in Russia (Moscow) SAFAROV Tel: (7 – 495) 937 77 27 E-mail: [email protected] Nodar represents the journal in Georgia (Tbilisi) KHADURI Tel: (995 – 32) 99 59 67 E-mail: [email protected] Ayca represents the journal in Turkey (Ankara) ERGUN Tel: (+90 – 312) 210 59 96 E-mail: [email protected] Editorial Board Nazim Editor-in-Chief (Azerbaijan) MUZAFFARLI Tel: (994 – 12) 598 27 53 (Ext. 25) (IMANOV) E-mail: [email protected] Vladimer Deputy Editor-in-Chief (Georgia) PAPAVA Tel: (995 – 32) 24 35 55 E-mail: [email protected] Akif Deputy Editor-in-Chief (Azerbaijan) ABDULLAEV Tel: (994 – 12) 561 70 54 E-mail: [email protected] Volume 7 IssueMembers 3-4 2013 of Editorial Board: 3 THE CAUCASUS & GLOBALIZATION Zaza D.Sc. (History), Professor, Corresponding member of the Georgian National Academy of ALEKSIDZE Sciences, head of the scientific department of the Korneli Kekelidze Institute of Manu- scripts (Georgia) Mustafa AYDIN Rector of Kadir Has University (Turkey) Irina BABICH D.Sc. (History), Leading research associate of the Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology, Russian Academy of Sciences (Russia) Douglas Professor, Chair of Political Science Department, Providence College (U.S.A.) W. BLUM Svante Professor, Research Director, Central Asia-Caucasus Institute, Silk Road Studies E. CORNELL Program, Johns Hopkins University-SAIS (U.S.A.) Parvin D.Sc. (History), Professor, Baku State University (Azerbaijan) DARABADI Murad D.Sc. (Political Science), Editor-in-Chief, Central Asia and the Caucasus, Journal of ESENOV Social and Political Studies (Sweden) Jannatkhan Deputy Director, Institute of Strategic Studies of the Caucasus (Azerbaijan) EYVAZOV Rauf Ph.D. (Psychology), Leading research associate of the Center for Strategic Studies under GARAGOZOV the President of the Azerbaijan Republic (Azerbaijan) Archil Ph.D. (Geography), Senior fellow at the Georgian Foundation for Strategic and GEGESHIDZE International Studies (Georgia) Elmir Director of the Department of Geoculture, Institute of Strategic Studies of the Caucasus GULIEV (Azerbaijan) Shamsaddin D.Sc.(Economy), Professor, Rector of the Azerbaijan State Economic University HAJIEV (Azerbaijan) Jamil HASANLI D.Sc. (History), Professor at Khazar University (Azerbaijan) Stephen Professor, Russian and Eurasian Studies, Mount Holyoke College (U.S.A.) F. JONES Akira Ph.D., History of Central Asia & the Caucasus, Program Officer, The Sasakawa MATSUNAGA Peace Foundation (Japan) Roger Senior Research Fellow, Department of Politics and International Relations, University of MCDERMOTT Kent at Canterbury (U.K.); Senior Research Fellow on Eurasian military affairs within the framework of the Eurasia Program of the Jamestown Foundation, Washington (U.S.A.) Roin D.Sc. (History), Professor, Academician of the Georgian National Academy of Sciences, METREVELI President of the National Committee of Georgian Historians (Georgia) Fuad Ph.D. (Economy), Counselor of the Chairman of the Board of Directors of the International MURSHUDLI Bank of Azerbaijan (Azerbaijan) Michael Associate professor, Near Eastern Studies Department, Princeton University (U.S.A.) A. REYNOLDS Alexander Professor, President of Georgian Foundation for Strategic and International Studies RONDELI (Georgia) Mehdi SANAIE Professor, Tehran University, Director, Center for Russian Studies (Iran) Avtandil D.Sc. (Economy), Professor, Tbilisi University of International Relations, Corresponding SILAGADZE member of the Georgian National Academy of Sciences (Georgia) S. Frederick Professor, Chairman, Central Asia-Caucasus Institute, Johns Hopkins University-SAIS STARR (U.S.A.) James Professor, Director of the International and Regional Studies Program, Washington V. WERTSCH University in St. Louis (U.S.A.) Alla D.Sc. (History), Professor, head of the Mediterranean-Black Sea Center, Institute of YAZKOVA Europe, Russian Academy of Sciences (Russia) Stanislav D.Sc. (Economy), Senior Researcher, Institute of World Economy and International ZHUKOV Relations, Russian Academy of Sciences (Russia) The materials that appear in the journal do not necessarily reflect the Editorial Board and the Editors’ opinion Editorial Office: THE CAUCASUS & GLOBALIZATION © The Caucasus & Globalization, 2013 25 Ajami Nakhchivani, building 2 © CA&CC Press®, 2013 AZ1108, Baku, Azerbaijan © Institute of Strategic Studies of WEB: www.ca-c.org the Caucasus, 2013 4 Volume 7 Issue 3-4 2013 THE CAUCASUS & GLOBALIZATION THE CAUCASUS & GLOBALIZATION Journal of Social, Political and Economic Studies Volume 7 Issue 3-4 2013 CONTENTS GEOPOLITICS THE CAUCASIAN PENTAGRAM: Kenan A CURSE OR A LUCKY CHANCE? ALLAHVERDIEV 7 ASYMMETRIC WARFARE: WHERE THE WEAK ARE STRONG AND Parvin THE STRONG ARE WEAK DARABADI 26 THE NAGORNO-KARABAKH ISSUE IN UKRAINIAN FOREIGN POLICY Alexander (1992-2012) (Part One) DUDNIK 32 GEO-ECONOMICS THE FINANCIAL ECONOMY Vladimir IN A GLOBALIZING WORLD LUKYANOV 44 REGIONAL PROBLEMS OF Ramaz ACCELERATING ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT RATES ABESADZE, IN THE CONTEXT OF GLOBALIZATION Vakhtang (A GEORGIAN CASE-STUDY) BURDULI 50 Volume 7 Issue 3-4 2013 5 THE CAUCASUS & GLOBALIZATION SMALL AND MEDIUM BUSINESSES Igor IN A GLOBALIZING WORLD LIUTY, Rufat KULIEV 64 GENESIS OF Avtandil POST-COMMUNIST ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT: SILAGADZE, OBSTACLES AND PROSPECTS Mikhail (A GEORGIAN CASE-STUDY) TOKMAZISHVILI, Tamar ATANELISHVILI 72 TAX POLICY AND FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENTS Giorgi (A GEORGIAN CASE-STUDY) KUPARADZE 82 GEOCULTURE ISLAM AND Akushali THE SOCIOPOLITICAL DEVELOPMENT OF SHAFI JALAL, NORTH CAUCASIAN SOCIETY Rajab (A DAGHESTAN CASE STUDY) SHAKHABASOV 96 GLOBALIZATION AND ARTISTIC CULTURE Gulfiya IN KABARDINO-BALKARIA BAZIEVA 101 RELIGIOUS CULTURE OF THE PEOPLES OF THE NORTHERN CAUCASUS AND THE RUSSIAN AUTHORITIES Lyubov (FIRST HALF OF THE 19TH CENTURY) SATUSHIEVA 105 HOW BAHA’ISM TRAVELLED FROM THE EAST TO THE WEST (IDEOLOGICAL EVOLUTION OF THE NEO-UNIVERSALIST Leyla RELIGIOUS DOCTRINE) MELIKOVA 115 GEOHISTORY A QUESTION MARK IN THE HISTORY OF GEORGIAN-SELJUK RELATIONS ON THE EVE OF Zurab THE BATTLE OF MANZIKERT PAPASKIRI 131 6 Volume 7 Issue 3-4 2013 THE CAUCASUS & GLOBALIZATION THE TREATY OF GULISTAN: 200 YEARS AFTER (THE RUSSO-PERSIAN WAR OF 1804-1813 AND THE TREATY OF GULISTAN IN THE CONTEXT OF Oleg ITS 200TH ANNIVERSARY) KUZNETSOV 141 THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE IN TRANSCAUCASIA: AGRARIAN POLICY OF Fazil THE LATE 19TH-EARLY 20TH CENTURIES BAKHSHALIEV 157 Index THE CAUCASUS & GLOBALIZATION, Vol. 7, 2013 165 Contributors please use the following guidelines: — begin articles with a brief abstract of 300-500 words and keywords; — articles should be no less than 3,000 and no more than 6,000 words, including footnotes; — footnotes should be placed at the bottom of each page; if there are references to Internet resources, please give the author’s name, the name of the document, the website address, and the date it was made available, for example, available 2007-04-19; — quotations, names of authors and other information from English-language sources should be duplicated in brackets in the original language, that is, in English; — the article should be divided into sections, including an introduction and conclusion; — the author should include the following personal information: first name, last name, academic degree, place of work, position, city, country. All articles accepted are published in Russian and English, in the Russian-language and English-language versions of the journal, respectively. The editorial board takes responsibility for translation of the articles. Volume 7 Issue 3-4 2013 7 THE CAUCASUS & GLOBALIZATION GEOPOLITICS Kenan ALLAHVERDIEV Ph.D.(Philos.), Associate Professor, Department of Political Science and Political Administration, Academy of State Administration under the President of Azerbaijan Republic (Baku, Azerbaijan). THE CAUCASIAN PENTAGRAM: A CURSE OR A LUCKY CHANCE? Abstract n this article the author identifies and ana- only crop up in all sorts of contexts, the pro- lyzes the dynamics of five factors that most tracted conflicts in the Caucasus included, but I affect the development trends of the Cau- may also change the geopolitical balance and casian region, the results of which may not military-political configuration of the region. KEYWORDS: The Caucasus, the Caucasian pentagram, globalizational, geopolitical, ethnopolitical, confessional, national-strategic. Introduction Even the most superficial analysis of what political scientists have written about the Caucasus reveals several key narratives as starting points: — Geopolitically and geostrategically, the Caucasus is an extremely important region; — It can be described as a hub of the varied interests of the global and regional actors of inter- national politics; 8 Volume 7 Issue 3-4 2013 THE CAUCASUS
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