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Home , Aqueous solution

Solutions Section 8.1

• Recall from the beginning of class, there are two kinds of mixtures o Homogeneous o Heterogeneous

• : homogeneous made up of two or more substances with small particles o Often transparent

• : homogeneous mixture made up of two or more substances with larger particles o Often opaque Summary

Matter

Mixture Pure Substance more than one component one component

Heterogeneous Homogeneous Element Compound Mixture Mixture cannot be composed of nonuniform uniform broken down two or more composition composition elements

Solution Colloid small particles large particles Example #1

Classify each substance as a heterogeneous mixture, a solution, or a colloid: a. Mint chocolate chip ice cream b. Mayonnaise c. Seltzer Example #1 Solved a. Mint chocolate chip ice cream: heterogeneous mixture b. Mayonnaise: colloid c. Seltzer water: solution

Solutions

• Does not have to be in liquid state, although those are usually the most familiar • Substances do not have to be in the same state in order to mix Solution Terminology

• Two parts of a solution: solute (“sol-yute”) and

• Solvent: component of mixture in the greater amount (often water)

• Solute: component of mixture in lesser amount

• Aqueous solution: when solvent is water Solution Terminology

• Types of solutes: and nonelectrolytes

• : compound that breaks into ions when dissolved in water, conduct electricity o Examples: ionic compounds, and bases

• Nonelectrolyte: compound that does not break into ions when dissolved in water, do not conduct electricity o Examples: molecular compounds (covalent) Example #2

Classify each solution as an electrolyte or a nonelectrolyte:

a. KI in H2O

b. Sucrose (C12H22O11) in H2O

c. NaCl in H2O Example #2

a. KI in H2O: electrolyte (KI is an ionic compound)

b. Sucrose (C12H22O11) in H2O: nonelectrolyte (sucrose is a molecular compound)

c. HCl in H2O: electrolyte (HCl is an ) Example #3

Classify each substance as a heterogeneous mixture, a solution, or a colloid: a. Nail polish remover b. Brass (an of copper and zinc) c. Milk Example #4

Classify each solution as an electrolyte or a nonelectrolyte:

a. Na2SO4 in H2O

b. HBr in H2O

c. H2O2