DOCSLIB.ORG

Investigating Environmental Effects on Population Dynamics of Loligo Opalescens in the Southern California Bight Christian S

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Investigating Environmental Effects on Population Dynamics of Loligo Opalescens in the Southern California Bight Christian S REISS ET AL.: POPULATION DYNAMICS OF LOLIGO OPALESCENS IN THE SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA BIGHT CalCOFI Reports, Vol. 45, 2004 INVESTIGATING ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS ON POPULATION DYNAMICS OF LOLIGO OPALESCENS IN THE SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA BIGHT CHRISTIAN S. REISS, MICHAEL R. MAXWELL, AND JOHN R. HUNTER ANNETTE HENRY Southwest Fisheries Science Center California Department of Fish and Game National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA 8604 La Jolla Shores Drive 8604 La Jolla Shores Drive La Jolla, California 92037 La Jolla, California 92037 [email protected] ABSTRACT Using fishery-dependent and fishery-independent data on the distribution of paralarvae, juveniles, and adults, we assess the effects of the transition from the 1997–98 El Niño to the 1999 La Niña on the abundance, distri- bution, and production of market squid Loligo opalescens in southern California. Percentage occurrence of par- alarvae within the CalCOFI survey of the Southern California Bight declined during El Niño, indicating that little production occurred during El Niño winters, and abundance from trawl surveys was low during the summer following the 1997–98 El Niño along the coast from Point Conception to Vancouver on the shelf and slope. Mean growth rates of L. opalescens declined with increasing temperature in the month of hatch, and hatch month temperature explained 67% of the variability in mean growth during the transition from El Niño to La Niña conditions (1998 and 1999). Using the observed temperature-dependent growth rates, we developed the first age-based, temperature-dependent population model for L. opalescens. Population dynamics were dramatically influenced by cumulative mortality, and the results pre- dict that a bimodal recruitment period should be found Figure 1. Plot of annual squid catch between 1965 and 2001 for Monterey with periods of 5 and 7 months and that the second peak (circles), Southern California Bight (triangles), and the total of both (squares). Arrows indicate fishery decline during El Niño periods followed by should be narrower than the first peak. rapid recovery. INTRODUCTION noteworthy given that L. opalescens is short lived (~ 6 The market squid Loligo opalescens supports one of the months; Jackson 1994; Butler et al. 1999; although Spratt most valuable commercial fisheries in central and south- (1979) hypothesized that L. opalescens lived more than ern California with a value of more than $41 million a 18 months) and evidently semelparous (Knipe and year (CDFG 2001). The total annual catch has increased Beeman 1978; Macewicz et al. 2004). The rapid changes exponentially since the 1970s (fig. 1; CDFG 2001). Most in apparent abundance in the fishery have led to con- of the increased catch (80%) has occurred in the Southern siderable speculation regarding the strategy of squid to California Bight (SCB), and there is uncertainty whether ride out the presumably harsh El Niño conditions. Given the increase is related to increasing abundance (Vojkovich the rapid recovery of squid, some investigators have ar- 1998). Rapid declines in squid catch occur during El gued that the population is displaced to the north or off- Niño years, and it has been suggested that the environ- shore during El Niño (CDFG 2001). If so, abundance ment may be partially responsible by influencing the of squid might increase with latitude during El Niño, availability, population size, and recruitment success of or abundance or presence might increase offshore. this animal (McInnis and Broenkow 1978). Alternatively, during El Niño conditions squid may move More remarkable than the near collapse of the fish- to deeper waters where the environmental conditions ery during El Niño periods is the rapid recovery of the necessary for proper development of eggs may be found, catch to pre-El Niño levels within a year or two fol- making the squid unavailable to the fishery and to those lowing (fig. 1; Maxwell et al., 2004). This is especially marine mammals that forage near shore (Lowry and 87 REISS ET AL.: POPULATION DYNAMICS OF LOLIGO OPALESCENS IN THE SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA BIGHT CalCOFI Reports, Vol. 45, 2004 Carretta 1999; Roberts and Sauier 1994). Both hy- Center triennial summer trawl survey conducted be- potheses suggest that squid become unavailable to the tween Point Conception, California, and Vancouver fishery, thus allowing the population to rebound rapidly Island, Canada, to examine changes in distribution; (2) after an El Niño. They also suggest that harsh El Niño para-larval abundance data from winter and spring conditions are overcome by redistributing the popula- CalCOFI surveys conducted in the Southern California tion to more favorable refuge habitats, potentially main- Bight to examine changes in productivity; and (3) growth taining production. rate data determined from mature adult squid collected The observed patterns of fishing success during and from the SCB commercial fishery to examine the envi- following the El Niño may also reflect demographic ronmental control on recruitment to the fishery. After processes occurring in the planktonic or juvenile stages, evaluating these hypotheses, we present an age-based where the environment may change vital rates. Of the temperature-dependent (TDGR) model of squid growth many environmental variables that may affect survival and develop a simple population dynamics model using and recruitment of squid, temperature is thought to be TDGR to drive the population growth rates. We com- one of the dominant mechanisms, because it can reflect pare predictions derived from this model to the overall different oceanographic regimes (Lynn et al. 1982; patterns of occurrence of squid in southern California Waluda et al. 2001) and because temperature is related as a starting point for directed studies on L. opalescens. to physiological processes (Forsythe 1993). For exam- ple, growth rates are strongly influenced by temperature METHODS in many squid species including Loligo spp. (Hatfield et al 2001; Forsythe 1993). Using laboratory data, Forsythe Fishery Data (1993) showed that under conditions of ad libitum food, Loligo opalescens were sampled at biweekly intervals growth rates of squid increased with increasing temper- from the commercial catch landed at ports within the atures. Jackson et al. (1997) used field data to show that SCB between 15 November 1998 and 01 July 2000. On growth rates increased in warmer conditions for a lolig- each date, mantle length (ML, in millimeters), gonad inid common to neritic waters of the northwest Gulf of weight (GW, in grams), maturity stage (immature or ma- Mexico. In contrast, Jackson and Domeier (2003) showed ture), and sex (male or female) were obtained from a that age and size of L. opalescens declined with increas- subsample of the catch. A further subsample of 15–60 ing water temperatures and increased with upwelling (an animals each month provided statoliths for age and index of secondary production) in the SCB. Based on growth analysis. All samples from the SCB were pooled these data, Jackson and Domeier (2003) suggested that and given equal weight in all analyses. the size difference of squid observed in the diets of sea Several studies have validated the daily deposition of lions could be explained by variability in the tempera- rings in laboratory reared L. opalescens (Jackson 1994a; ture-dependent growth differences in the Southern Butler et al. 1999). In the laboratory, statoliths were California Bight. They did not examine the effects on processed following Butler et al. (1999). Briefly, statoliths population size and recovery. were mounted on microscope slides, ground on 400 µm Growth rate variability can potentially affect the syn- paper until the primordium was visible. Under magni- chrony of cohorts. Mixing of different cohorts on the fication (x100–400) daily rings were counted using trans- spawning grounds may occur as a result of the strong mitted light to determine the age of each squid. Hatch temperature dependencies that cause fast growing co- date was determined by subtracting the age at capture horts to catch up to slow growing cohorts (Grist and de from the date of capture. Clers 1998, 1999), and bimodality in recruitment pulses Preliminary analysis showed that most of the animals may result. Thus, the question remains whether the collected as part of this study were mature adults (98%; apparent rapid repopulation of L. opalescens is a function Maxwell et al. 2004), so we defined growth rate (GR) of environmental variability operating directly on the of mature animals in the fishery as biological and physiological processes of the population GR = mantle length (mm) / age (d) (1) or whether it is simply reflecting changes in availability. In this study, we examine the hypotheses regarding Thus, growth rate as estimated here was the average value the changes in abundance associated with El Niño con- over the entire life of the animal. ditions in an effort to determine whether squid “ride Many growth functions and growth models exist for out” El Niño conditions by changing spatial distribu- squid (Jackson et al. 1997; Yang et al. 1986). We feel tion, or whether changes in demographic rates could be that the simple relationship we propose is adequate for responsible for the observed changes and abundance in this exploration for two reasons: (1) We are not pre- the fishery. To do this, we use (1) juvenile abundance dicting the size at any age during the paralarval or juve- and distribution data from the Northwest Fishery Science nile period when a more appropriate growth function 88 REISS ET AL.: POPULATION DYNAMICS OF LOLIGO OPALESCENS IN THE SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA BIGHT CalCOFI Reports, Vol. 45, 2004 would be necessary; and (2) under any contemporary model, faster (slower) growth rates would result in younger (older) animals recruiting to the fishery. We then correlated the mean growth rate of monthly co- horts, assigned using retrospective hatch-date distribu- tions to examine the relationship between growth rate of survivors caught in the fishery and environmental variables, as indexed by hatch month sea surface tem- perature (SST) at Scripps Pier, La Jolla, California.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • In the Loliginid Squid Alloteuthis Subulata and Loligo Vulgaris
    The Journal of Experimental Biology 204, 2103–2118 (2001) 2103 Printed in Great Britain © The Company of Biologists Limited 2001 JEB3380 REFLECTIVE PROPERTIES OF IRIDOPHORES AND FLUORESCENT ‘EYESPOTS’ IN THE LOLIGINID SQUID ALLOTEUTHIS SUBULATA AND LOLIGO VULGARIS L. M. MÄTHGER1,2,* AND E. J. DENTON1 1The Marine Biological Association of the UK, Citadel Hill, Plymouth PL1 2PB, UK and 2Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK *e-mail: [email protected] Accepted 27 March 2001 Summary Observations were made of the reflective properties of parts of the spectrum and all reflections in other the iridophore stripes of the squid Alloteuthis subulata and wavebands, such as those in the red and near ultraviolet, Loligo vulgaris, and the likely functions of these stripes are will be weak. The functions of the iridophores reflecting red considered in terms of concealment and signalling. at normal incidence must be sought in their reflections of In both species, the mantle muscle is almost transparent. blue-green at oblique angles of incidence. These squid rely Stripes of iridophores run along the length of each side of for their camouflage mainly on their transparency, and the the mantle, some of which, when viewed at normal ventral iridophores and the red, green and blue reflective incidence in white light, reflect red, others green or blue. stripes must be used mainly for signalling. The reflectivities When viewed obliquely, the wavebands best reflected move of some of these stripes are relatively low, allowing a large towards the blue/ultraviolet end of the spectrum and fraction of the incident light to be transmitted into the their reflections are almost 100 % polarised.
    [Show full text]
  • Defensive Behaviors of Deep-Sea Squids: Ink Release, Body Patterning, and Arm Autotomy
    Defensive Behaviors of Deep-sea Squids: Ink Release, Body Patterning, and Arm Autotomy by Stephanie Lynn Bush A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Integrative Biology in the Graduate Division of the University of California, Berkeley Committee in Charge: Professor Roy L. Caldwell, Chair Professor David R. Lindberg Professor George K. Roderick Dr. Bruce H. Robison Fall, 2009 Defensive Behaviors of Deep-sea Squids: Ink Release, Body Patterning, and Arm Autotomy © 2009 by Stephanie Lynn Bush ABSTRACT Defensive Behaviors of Deep-sea Squids: Ink Release, Body Patterning, and Arm Autotomy by Stephanie Lynn Bush Doctor of Philosophy in Integrative Biology University of California, Berkeley Professor Roy L. Caldwell, Chair The deep sea is the largest habitat on Earth and holds the majority of its’ animal biomass. Due to the limitations of observing, capturing and studying these diverse and numerous organisms, little is known about them. The majority of deep-sea species are known only from net-caught specimens, therefore behavioral ecology and functional morphology were assumed. The advent of human operated vehicles (HOVs) and remotely operated vehicles (ROVs) have allowed scientists to make one-of-a-kind observations and test hypotheses about deep-sea organismal biology. Cephalopods are large, soft-bodied molluscs whose defenses center on crypsis. Individuals can rapidly change coloration (for background matching, mimicry, and disruptive coloration), skin texture, body postures, locomotion, and release ink to avoid recognition as prey or escape when camouflage fails. Squids, octopuses, and cuttlefishes rely on these visual defenses in shallow-water environments, but deep-sea cephalopods were thought to perform only a limited number of these behaviors because of their extremely low light surroundings.
    [Show full text]
  • Interannual Variation in Life-Cycle Characteristics of the Veined Squid (Loligo Forbesi). ICES CM 2004/CC:31
    Not to be cited without prior reference to the authors ICES CM 2004/CC:31 Interannual variation in life-cycle characteristics of the veined squid (Loligo forbesi) G.J. Pierce, A.F. Zuur, J.M. Smith, M.B. Santos, N. Bailey & P.R. Boyle The loliginid squid Loligo forbesi has a flexible life-cycle, involving variable size and age at maturity, presence of summer and winter breeding populations, and extended periods of breeding and recruitment. This paper reviews life history data collected since 1983 from the commercial fishery in Scottish (UK) waters and examines (a) the relationship between size and timing of maturation, (b) evidence for shifts in the relative abundance of the summer and winter breeding populations, and (c) the role of environmental signals in determining the timing of breeding. Evidence from fishery data suggests that, since the 1970s, the summer breeding population has declined while the winter breeding population now dominates and breeds later than was previously the case. Length-weight relationships and size at maturity showed significant inter-annual and seasonal variation during the period 1983-2001 and provide no evidence that there is currently a summer breeding population. Males are shown to decline in relative weight as they mature while females increase in relative weight. There is evidence that timing of breeding and size at maturity are related to environmental variation (winter NAO index). Key words: life history, time series, environmental factors G.J. Pierce, J.M. Smith, M.B. Santos, P.R. Boyle: University of Aberdeen, Tillydrone Avenue, Aberdeen AB24 2TZ, UK [tel: +44 1224 272866, fax: +44 1224 272396, e-mail: [email protected]].
    [Show full text]
  • Lab 5: Phylum Mollusca
    Biology 18 Spring, 2008 Lab 5: Phylum Mollusca Objectives: Understand the taxonomic relationships and major features of mollusks Learn the external and internal anatomy of the clam and squid Understand the major advantages and limitations of the exoskeletons of mollusks in relation to the hydrostatic skeletons of worms and the endoskeletons of vertebrates, which you will examine later in the semester Textbook Reading: pp. 700-702, 1016, 1020 & 1021 (Figure 47.22), 943-944, 978-979, 1046 Introduction The phylum Mollusca consists of over 100,000 marine, freshwater, and terrestrial species. Most are familiar to you as food sources: oysters, clams, scallops, and yes, snails, squid and octopods. Some also serve as intermediate hosts for parasitic trematodes, and others (e.g., snails) can be major agricultural pests. Mollusks have many features in common with annelids and arthropods, such as bilateral symmetry, triploblasty, ventral nerve cords, and a coelom. Unlike annelids, mollusks (with one major exception) do not possess a closed circulatory system, but rather have an open circulatory system consisting of a heart and a few vessels that pump blood into coelomic cavities and sinuses (collectively termed the hemocoel). Other distinguishing features of mollusks are: z A large, muscular foot variously modified for locomotion, digging, attachment, and prey capture. z A mantle, a highly modified epidermis that covers and protects the soft body. In most species, the mantle also secretes a shell of calcium carbonate. z A visceral mass housing the internal organs. z A mantle cavity, the space between the mantle and viscera. Gills, when present, are suspended within this cavity.
    [Show full text]
  • Reproductive Cycle of Loligo Sanpa Ulensis (Cephalopoda: Loliginidae) in the Cabo Frio Region, Brazil
    MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES Published November 4 Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. Reproductive cycle of Loligo sanpa ulensis (Cephalopoda: Loliginidae) in the Cabo Frio region, Brazil P. A. S. Costa, F. C. Fernandes Instituto de Estudos do Mar Alte Paulo Moreira (IEAPM), Rua Kioto. 253 Arraial do Cabo. 28930-000 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil ABSTRACT. Gonadal index and maturity stages of the Brazilian squid Loljgo sanpaulensjs were analysed on a monthly basis. Squid were caught in coastal waters off the Cabo Frio region, Brazil, between 1987 and 1988 at depths rang~ngfrom 30 to 60 m using an otter trawl with 10 m footrope and 45 mm cod-end mesh size. Field data analysis showed that development of the nidamental gland and testis was closely related (r > 0.9) to body size and maturity stage in the population. Mature indiv~duals are recruited into the population twice a year. Size at first maturity was estimated to be 50 to 55 mm mantle length (ML) for males and 55 to 60 mm ML for females. Indirect evidence suggests that the final phases of the maturity process in females occur abruptly at some point after that size, and that recruit- ment of juveniles follows spawning and subsequent mortality or emigration of adults from the sampling area. Spawning is likely to take place in late summer and late winter INTRODUCTION Mexico Loligo pealei spawns throughout the year (Hixon 1980). Sepioteuthis sepioidea in the western Basic information on maturation and size at maturity tropical Atlantic and S. lessoniana in the western is fragmentary for many cephalopods, especially for Pacific also spawn year-round (Choe 1966, LaRoe those living in non-seasonal environments.
    [Show full text]
  • 1 Movement Patterns of the European Squid Loligo Vulgaris During the Inshore 1 Spawning Season 2 3 4 Miguel Cabanellas-Reboredo
    1 Movement patterns of the European squid Loligo vulgaris during the inshore 2 spawning season 3 4 5 Miguel Cabanellas-Reboredo1,*, Josep Alós1, Miquel Palmer1, David March1 and 6 Ron O’Dor2 7 8 RUNNING HEAD: Movement patterns of Loligo vulgaris 9 10 11 1Instituto Mediterráneo de Estudios Avanzados, IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB), C/ Miquel Marques 21, 07190 12 Esporles, Islas Baleares, Spain. 13 2Biology Department of Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia Canada, B3H 4J1. 14 *corresponding author: E-mail: [email protected], telephone: +34 971611408, fax: +34 15 971611761. 1 16 ABSTRACT: 17 The European squid Loligo vulgaris in the Western Mediterranean is exploited by both 18 commercial and recreational fleets when it spawns at inshore waters. The inshore 19 recreational fishery in the southern waters Mallorca (Balearic Islands) concentrates 20 within a narrow, well-delineated area and takes place during a very specific period of 21 the day (sunset). Another closely related species, Loligo reynaudii, displays a daily 22 activity cycle during the spawning season (“feeding-at-night and spawning-in-the-day”). 23 Here, the hypothesis that L. vulgaris could display a similar daily activity pattern has 24 been tested using acoustic tracking telemetry. Two tracking experiments during May- 25 July 2010 and December 2010-March 2011 were conducted, in which a total of 26 squid 26 were tagged. The results obtained suggested that L. vulgaris movements differ between 27 day and night. The squid seem to move within a small area during the daytime but it 28 would cover a larger area from sunset to sunrise.
    [Show full text]
  • Longfin Squid, Shortfin Squid US East Coast
    Longfin Squid, Shortfin Squid Doryteuthis (Loligo) pealeii, Illex illecebrosus ©Scandinavian Fishing Yearbook US East Coast Bottom Trawl November 9, 2012 Oren Frey, Consulting Researcher Updated January 31, 2016 Neosha Kashef, Consulting Researcher Disclaimer: Seafood Watch® strives to have all Seafood Reports reviewed for accuracy and completeness by external scientists with expertise in ecology, fisheries science and aquaculture. Scientific review, however, does not constitute an endorsement of the Seafood Watch® program or its recommendations on the part of the reviewing scientists. Seafood Watch® is solely responsible for the conclusions reached in this report. 2 About Seafood Watch® Monterey Bay Aquarium’s Seafood Watch® program evaluates the ecological sustainability of wild-caught and farmed seafood commonly found in the United States marketplace. Seafood Watch® defines sustainable seafood as originating from sources, whether wild-caught or farmed, which can maintain or increase production in the long-term without jeopardizing the structure or function of affected ecosystems. Seafood Watch® makes its science-based recommendations available to the public in the form of regional pocket guides that can be downloaded from www.seafoodwatch.org. The program’s goals are to raise awareness of important ocean conservation issues and empower seafood consumers and businesses to make choices for healthy oceans. Each sustainability recommendation on the regional pocket guides is supported by a Seafood Report. Each report synthesizes and analyzes the most current ecological, fisheries and ecosystem science on a species, then evaluates this information against the program’s conservation ethic to arrive at a recommendation of “Best Choices,” “Good Alternatives” or “Avoid.” The detailed evaluation methodology is available upon request.
    [Show full text]
  • Migration and Distribution of the Veined Squid Loligo Forbesi in Scottish
    UNIVERSIDADE DO ALGARVE FACULDADE DE CIÊNCIAS DO MAR E DO AMBIENTE Migration and distribution of the veined squid Loligo forbesi in Scottish (UK) waters MAFALDA VIANA Masters in Marine Biology (Fisheries and Aquaculture specialization) FARO (2007) UNIVERSIDADE DO ALGARVE FACULDADE DE CIÊNCIAS DO MAR E DO AMBIENTE Migration and distribution of the veined squid, Loligo forbesi, in Scottish (UK) waters MAFALDA VIANA Masters in Marine Biology (Fisheries and Aquaculture specialization) Thesis developed in the University of Aberdeen: Supervisor: Doctor Graham Pierce (SBS, University of Aberdeen) Advisor: Doctor Manuel Afonso Dias (FCMA, Universidade do Algarve) FARO (2007) Acknowledgements 2 The author wishes to express her enormous gratitude to Dr. Graham Pierce for the opportunity and outstanding guidance and comments during this project and to University of Aberdeen that kindly had me. I also would like to thank Dr. Manuel Afonso Dias for placing me in the right direction before and during the thesis project, Dr. Janine Illian for the very helpful statistical advices, Dr. Colin MacLeod for the survey data supply and comments on the report and Dr. Jianjun Wang for the fishery and environmental data supply. Finally I wish to thank Marta Serpa Pimentel and Diogo Viana for sponsoring my studies and work. 3 Abstract In order to protect and sustainably manage fishery resources, it is essential to understand the temporal and spatial utilization of habitats of the target species. A Geographic Information System and length frequency analysis were used, in both fishery and survey data, to detect Loligo forbesi migration patterns from west to east coast of Scotland and inshore-offshore movements.
    [Show full text]
  • Fish Bulletin 131. the Structure, Development, Food Relations, Reproduction, and Life History of the Squid Loligo Opalescens Berry
    UC San Diego Fish Bulletin Title Fish Bulletin 131. The Structure, Development, Food Relations, Reproduction, and Life History of the Squid Loligo opalescens Berry Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4q30b714 Author Fields, W Gordon Publication Date 1964-05-01 eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California STATE OF CALIFORNIA THE RESOURCES AGENCY DEPARTMENT OF FISH AND GAME FISH BULLETIN 131 The Structure, Development, Food Relations, Reproduction, and Life History of the Squid Loligo opalescens Berry By W. GORDON FIELDS 1965 1 2 3 4 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This study ("a dissertation submitted to the Department of Biological Sciences and the Committee on the Graduate Division of Stanford University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy") was undertaken at the suggestion, and under the direction, of Tage Skogsberg, Hopkins Marine Station, to whom I am greatly indebted for inspiration and guidance until his untimely death. Thereafter, Rolf L. Bolin was my advisor, and I wish to express my appreciation to him for the help he gave me. In the final part of this investigation and in bringing its results together, Donald P. Abbott, through his enthusiasm, his wide scientific knowledge, his ability and his wisdom, has given encouragement and immeasurable help in many ways: to him I express my deepest appre- ciation. Lawrence R. Blinks, Director of the Hopkins Marine Station, throughout my work there, arranged suitable laboratory space and conditions for my use and, deftly and to my advantage, resolved all administrative matters re- ferred to him; I am very grateful to him.
    [Show full text]
  • Marine Flora and Fauna of the Eastern United States Mollusca: Cephalopoda
    ,----- ---- '\ I ' ~~~9-1895~3~ NOAA Technical Report NMFS 73 February 1989 Marine Flora and Fauna of the Eastern United States Mollusca: Cephalopoda Michael Vecchione, Clyde EE. Roper, and Michael J. Sweeney U.S. Departme~t_ oJ ~9f!l ~~rc~__ __ ·------1 I REPRODUCED BY U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE i NATIONAL TECHNICAL INFORMATION SERVICE I ! SPRINGFIELD, VA. 22161 • , NOAA Technical Report NMFS 73 Marine Flora and Fauna of the Eastern United States Mollusca: Cephalopoda Michael Vecchione Clyde F.E. Roper Michael J. Sweeney February 1989 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE Robert Mosbacher, Secretary National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration William E. Evans. Under Secretary for Oceans and Atmosphere National Marine Fisheries Service James Brennan, Assistant Administrator for Fisheries Foreword ~-------- This NOAA Technical Report NMFS is part ofthe subseries "Marine Flora and Fauna ofthe Eastern United States" (formerly "Marine Flora and Fauna of the Northeastern United States"), which consists of original, illustrated, modem manuals on the identification, classification, and general biology of the estuarine and coastal marine plants and animals of the eastern United States. The manuals are published at irregular intervals on as many taxa of the region as there are specialists available to collaborate in their preparation. These manuals are intended for use by students, biologists, biological oceanographers, informed laymen, and others wishing to identify coastal organisms for this region. They can often serve as guides to additional information about species or groups. The manuals are an outgrowth ofthe widely used "Keys to Marine Invertebrates of the Woods Hole Region," edited by R.I. Smith, and produced in 1964 under the auspices of the Systematics Ecology Program, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, Massachusetts.
    [Show full text]
  • New Molecular Phylogeny of the Squids of the Family
    Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 68 (2013) 293–299 Contents lists available at SciVerse ScienceDirect Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ympev New molecular phylogeny of the squids of the family Loliginidae with emphasis on the genus Doryteuthis Naef, 1912: Mitochondrial and nuclear sequences indicate the presence of cryptic species in the southern Atlantic Ocean ⇑ João Bráullio de Luna Sales a, , Paul W. Shaw b, Manuel Haimovici c, Unai Markaida d, Divino B. Cunha a, Jonathan Ready a, Wilsea M.B. Figueiredo-Ready a, Horacio Schneider a, Iracilda Sampaio a a Universidade Federal do Pará, Campus Universitário de Bragança, Laboratório de Genética e Biologia Molecular, Bragança/PA CEP 68600-000, Brazil b Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Science (IBERS), Aberystwyth University, Penglais, Aberystwyth SY23 3DA, UK c Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Laboratório de Recursos Demersais e Cefalópodes, Caixa Postal 474, Rio Grande/RS CEP 96201-900, Brazil d Laboratorio de Pesquerías Artesanales, El Colegio de La Fronteira Sur, Unidad Campeche, 24500 Campeche, Mexico article info abstract Article history: The family Loliginidae Lesueur, 1821, is currently considered to include seven genera and approximately Received 6 December 2012 50 species of neritic and coastal squids. These commercially important species occur in tropical and tem- Revised 23 March 2013 perate coastal waters around the world. The taxonomy of the family has been revised a number of times Accepted 25 March 2013 in recent years, focusing in particular on genera such as Doryteuthis, Sepioteuthis, Alloteuthis, and Uroteu- Available online 6 April 2013 this, which are represented by populations in the New World, Oceania, Europe/Africa, and Asia.
    [Show full text]
  • Cephalopoda: Mollusca) Part II
    Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology & Fisheries Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt. ISSN 1110 – 6131 Vol. 24(4): 197 – 231 (2020) www.ejabf.journals.ekb.eg Monograph of the Egyptian Squids Order: Teuthoidea ( Cephalopoda: Mollusca) Part II. Rafik Riad National institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Alexandria, Egypt. [email protected] ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Article History: The cephalopods are known to be commercially and ecologically important Received: May 2, 2020 around the world. This group constitutes four major groups, Cuttlefishes, Squids, Accepted: June 14, 2020 Octopuses, and Nautilii. The first three groups are present in the Egyptian Online: June 19, 2020 Mediterranean and Red Seas and constitute a main component in the fisheries _______________ industry in Egypt. In order to understand the biology and ecology of any species, its identification should be conducted properly to maximize the accuracy of any Keywords: study. The present monograph is prepared to demonstrate an identification key for Monograph, the squid species of order Teuthoidea in the Egyptian waters. This is the second Squids, publication demonstrating a first-in-kind identification key for the three major Red Sea, cephalopod groups. The first monograph was about the cuttlefishes. Mediterranean Sea, Six Egyptian squid species were recorded; Loligo vulgaris, Loligo forbesi, Loligo Teuthoidea, duvauceli, Alloteuthis media, Illex coindetii, and Sepioteuthis lessoniana. Four of Mollusca. them; Loligo vulgaris, Loligo forbesi, Alloteuthis medi and Illex coindetii were recorded in the Mediterranean waters, while the other 2 species, Loligo duvauceli and Sepioteuthis lessoniana were recorded in Suez Gulf, Red Sea. Two squid species; Loligo forbesi and Sepioteuthis lessoniana were recorded in both the Mediterranean and Red Seas.
    [Show full text]