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RIN 1018-AB31 Endangered and Threatened Wildlife And Federal Register I Vol. 55, No. 4 1 Friday, January 5, 1990 1 Rules and Regulations 429 greenish-white tinged with purplish-pink in cojor. The fruit is a cylindrical legume 13—20 cm (5—8 inches) in length. Flowering occurs from mid-June through August, with fruits present from late August through September (Kral 1983, Medley 1980, Woods 1988). This species can be distinguished from Apios americana (ground-nut), the only other North American species of Apias, on several taxonomic characters. Most notable is thesingle large tuber of Apiospriceana, as compared to the multiple small tubers in Apios americana. Apios priceana typically has larger leaves, more leaflets, and longer fruits. The standard petal (uppermost petal) is more yellow-green than purplish-maroon (as in Apias americana), and has a fleshy mucro-like appendage at its tip (Kral1983, Medley 1980, Woods 1988). Apios priceana is of potential economic importance as a food crop. Its large single tuber is edible (National Academy of. Sciences 1979, Walter et a]. 1986) and it may have been a food source for Indians and pioneers (Medley 1980), as was the more common Apios americana (Yanovsky 1936, National Academy of Sciences 1979, Seabrook and Dionne 1976). Walter (et a]. 1986) suggests that Apias priceana is perhaps or loss of habitat through cattle grazing! most valuable as a source of germ plasm trampling, clear-cutting and succession. for breeding with other Apios species. Those sites near roadsides or powerline Such hybridization would increase tuber rights-of-way are potentially threatened size and expand land utilized, since by herbicide application. This action Apios priceana can grow in highly will extend theAct’s protection to Apios alkaline, wooded habitats (Walter et a]. - priceana. 1986). EFFECTIVE DAlE: February 5, 1990. This species was first collected by 5OCFRPart 17 ADDRESS: The complete file for this rule Sadie Price near Bowling Green in RIN 1018-AB31 is available for inspection, by Warren County, Kentucky in 1896 and appointment, during normal business later described by Robinson (1898). Endangered and Threatened Wildlife hours at the Jackson. Mississippi Field Apias priceana was transferred to and Plants Threatened Status for Office, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Sefvice, G]ycinepriceana by Britton and Brown Aplos Priceana (Price’s Potato-bean) Jackson Mall Office Center, Suite 316, in 1913, a transfer that was invalid since AGENCY: Fish arid Wildlife Service, 300 Woodrow Wilson Avenue, Jackson, Apios had already been conserved over Mississippi 39213. Interior. G]ycine (Woods 1988). FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACt Apins pric~anais thought to be a ACTiON: Final rule. — Cary Norquist at the above address native of forest openings (Medley 1980). SUMMARY: The Service determines a (601/965-4900 or FF5 490-4900).. Populations occur in open woods and plant, Apios priceana (Price’spotato- SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: along wood edges in limestone areas, bean), to be a threatened species under often where bluffsgrade into creek or the authority contained in the Background river bottoms (Kral 1983, Medley 1980). Endangered Species Act (Act) of 1973, Apios priceana, a member of the pea Several populations reportedly extend as amended. Apios priceana is currently family, is atwining perennial vine, onto roadside or powerline rights-of- thought extant at only 13 sites including climbing to 5 meters (15 feet) from a way. The soils are described as well 4 sites in Mississippi and 3 sites each in large, thickened tuber. Leaves are drained loams on old alluvium or over Alabama, Kentucky and Tennessee. alternate, pinnately compound with limestone (Kral 1983). Habitat is Approximately 40 percent of its typically 5 to 7 leaflets that are ovate described as mixed hardwoods with populations have not been relocated in lanceolate to broadly ovate in shape. such common associates as Quercus recent years. Only 5 of the extant sites The inforescence is borne in the leaf rnuh]enbergii, Lindera benzain, support populations of any significant axils and consists of racemes or Campanu]a americana, Arundinana size (501- individuals). Many of these compact panicles, 5—15 centimeters (cm) gigantea, Ti/ia americana, Fraxinus populations are declining and are (2—6 inches) long. Individual flowers are americana, Acer saccharum, U]mus threatened by the adverse modification about 2 cm(¾inches) in length and rubra, Cercis canadenisis, and C30 Federal Register I Vol. 55, No. 4 1 Friday, January 5, 1990 1 Rules and Regulations Parthenocissus guinguefoLius (Medley Tennessee: Apios priceono ha s been pursuant to section 4 of the Act. Apios 1930). reported from five sitcs in Tennessee priceana was included in the Apiaspricecina has been reported (Medley 1980, Woods 1988) but only Smithsonian petition and the 19~6 from 21 sites in five states; however, three of these have been verified as proposal. General comments received in approximately 40 percent of these are extant in recent years (Woods 1988; p. relation to the1976 proposal were apparently no longer extant. C~irrently, Sorti ers, Tennessee Frological Services summarized in an April 26, 1978, Federal this species is known to exist at only 13 Division, pars. comm., 1988). A large, Register publication (43 FR 17909). sites with populations in Alabama, vigorous population of Apios priceano The Endangered Species Act Kentucky, Mississippi, and Tennessee. occurs in Marion County where Amendments of1978 required that all A summary of the information currently hundreds ofplants arereportedly proposals over 2 years old be available on the status of Apios scattered on a bluff near a roadside withdrawn. A 1-year grace period was priceana throughout its range is given (Woods 1988). A small but vigorous given to proposals already over 2 years below: population (20—30 individuals), is old. In the December 10, 1979, Federal Alobamo: There are three populations located along a creek in Montgomery Register (44 FR 70796), theService ofApiospriceana in Alabama. Modest County (IA’. Chester, Austin Peay State published a notice of withdrawal of the populations (15—30 individuals) occur in University, pers. comm., 1988). The June 16, 1976, proposal, along with four Madison County and in Autauga Williamson County population. located other proposals that had expired. Apios County. The third site, located in near a roadside right-of-way, consists of priceana was included as a category I Marshall County, supports a poor only two plants (Woods 1988). species in a revised list of plants under population (less than five individuals) In summary, of the 13 known extant review for threatened or endangered that was reportedly etiolated due to sites, only 5 support populations of any classification published in the December excessive shading (Medley 1980). significant size (50+ individuals). Three 15, 1980, Federal Register (45FR 82480). illinois: Apios priceano was of the sites have only 5 or fewer Apios priceana was maintained in discovered in Union County, Illinois in individuals and the remaining 5 category 1 in theService’s updated plant 1941 (JCurz and Bowles 1981). This populations have no more than 30 notice of September 27, 1985 (50 FR population has not been relocated since plants. Most populations occur on 39526). Category 1 comprises taxa for the1070s despite extensive searches by privately owned land, including one site which the Service presently has~ many individuals (Kurz and Bowles owned by The Nature Conservancy sufficient biological information to 1981, Woods 1988). It is possible that (Montgomery County, Tennessee). support their beingproposed to be listed this particularpopulation was destroyed Several populations extend onto State as endangered or threatened species. by flooding from a beaver dam; maintained roadside or powerline however, suitable habitat still exists in rights-of-way. Two extant sites occur on Section 4(b)(3) of the Endangered Species Act, as amended in 1982, this area, so Apios priceana may be lands under Federal jurisdiction requires the Secretary to make certain icdiscovered there in the future ~. including the Trigg County, Kentucky, findings on pending petitions within 12 Schwegmann, Illinois Natural Heritage site, which is on Tennessee Valley Inventory, pers. comm., 1988). Authority land, and the Autauga County, months of their receipt Section 2(b)(I) of the 1982 Amendments further requires Kentucky: Eight records of Apios Alabama, site, which is on U.S. Army pnceona are reported for Kentucky Corps of Engineers’ land. The historical that all petitions pending on October 13, 1982 be treated as having been newly (Medley 1980); however, only three of Illinois site is located on U.S. Forest these are thought extant and all of these Service land. Apios priceana is currently submitted on that date. This was the are declining (R. Athey, botanist, pers. or potentially jeopardized by a case for Apios priceana because of the comm., 1988; Woods 1988). The multitude of threats including cattle acceptance of the 1975 Smithsonian Livingston County population, which grazing/trampling, clearcutting, report as a petition. In October of 1983, was estimated as having 50—85 plants in excessive shading/weedy competition 1984, 1985, 1986, 1987 and 1988, the 1!~34,has been severely degraded since due to succession. and adverse right-of- Service found that the petitioned listing cattle were introduced into the area in way maintenance practices (herbicide of 4aios prtheana was warranted, but 1986 (Woods 1988). At the Trigg County application). that listing this species was precluded and Lyon County sites, plants extend Federal actions involving Apios due to other higher priority listing onto a roadside or powerline right-of- priceana began with section 12 of the actions. OnMay 12, 1989, the Service way. The number of plants at the Lyon Endangered Species Act of 1973, which published in the Federal Register (54 FR County site is estimated at 25—SO directed the Secretary of the 20619), a proposal to list Apios priceana individuals and only a few plants are Smithsonian Institution to prepare a as a threatened species.
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