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Mineral Commodity Summareis 2013

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Mineral Commodity Summareis 2013 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey MINERAL COMMODITY SUMMARIES 2013 Abrasives Fluorspar Mercury Silver Aluminum Gallium Mica Soda Ash Antimony Garnet Molybdenum Sodium Sulfate Arsenic Gemstones Nickel Stone Asbestos Germanium Niobium Strontium Barite Gold Nitrogen Sulfur Bauxite Graphite Peat Talc Beryllium Gypsum Perlite Tantalum Bismuth Hafnium Phosphate Rock Tellurium Boron Helium Platinum Thallium Bromine Indium Potash Thorium Cadmium Iodine Pumice Tin Cement Iron and Steel Quartz Crystal Titanium Cesium Iron Ore Rare Earths Tungsten Chromium Iron Oxide Pigments Rhenium Vanadium Clays Kyanite Rubidium Vermiculite Cobalt Lead Salt Wollastonite Copper Lime Sand and Gravel Yttrium Diamond Lithium Scandium Zeolites Diatomite Magnesium Selenium Zinc Feldspar Manganese Silicon Zirconium U.S. Department of the Interior KEN SALAZAR, Secretary U.S. Geological Survey Marcia K. McNutt, Director U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia: 2013 Manuscript approved for publication January 24, 2013. For more information on the USGS—the Federal source for science about the Earth, its natural and living resources, natural hazards, and the environment— visit http://www.usgs.gov or call 1–888–ASK–USGS. For an overview of USGS information products, including maps, imagery, and publications, visit http://www.usgs.gov/pubprod For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Mail: Stop IDCC; Washington, DC 20402–0001 Phone: (866) 512–1800 (toll-free); (202) 512–1800 (DC area) Fax: (202) 512–2104 Internet: bookstore.gpo.gov Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Although this report is in the public domain, permission must be secured from the individual copyright owners to reproduce any copyrighted material contained within this report. Suggested citation: U.S. Geological Survey, 2013, Mineral commodity summaries 2013: U.S. Geological Survey, 198 p. ISBN 978–1–4113–3548–6 1 CONTENTS Page Page General: Introduction .................................................................... 3 Significant Events, Trends, and Issues .......................... 7 Growth Rates of Leading and Coincident Indexes for Appendix A—Abbreviations and Units of Measure .... 192 Mineral Products ......................................................... 4 Appendix B—Definitions of Selected Terms Used in The Role of Nonfuel Minerals in the U.S. Economy ...... 5 This Report .............................................................. 192 2012 U.S. Net Import Reliance for Selected Nonfuel Appendix C—Reserves and Resources ..................... 193 Mineral Materials ........................................................ 6 Appendix D—Country Specialists Directory ............... 198 Mineral Commodities: Abrasives (Manufactured) ............................................ 14 Mica (Natural) ............................................................. 104 Aluminum ..................................................................... 16 Molybdenum ............................................................... 106 Antimony ...................................................................... 18 Nickel .......................................................................... 108 Arsenic ......................................................................... 20 Niobium (Columbium) ................................................. 110 Asbestos ...................................................................... 22 Nitrogen (Fixed)—Ammonia ....................................... 112 Barite ............................................................................ 24 Peat ............................................................................ 114 Bauxite and Alumina .................................................... 26 Perlite ......................................................................... 116 Beryllium ...................................................................... 28 Phosphate Rock ......................................................... 118 Bismuth ........................................................................ 30 Platinum-Group Metals ............................................... 120 Boron ............................................................................ 32 Potash ........................................................................ 122 Bromine ........................................................................ 34 Pumice and Pumicite .................................................. 124 Cadmium ...................................................................... 36 Quartz Crystal (Industrial) .......................................... 126 Cement......................................................................... 38 Rare Earths ................................................................ 128 Cesium ......................................................................... 40 Rhenium ..................................................................... 130 Chromium..................................................................... 42 Rubidium .................................................................... 132 Clays ............................................................................ 44 Salt ............................................................................. 134 Cobalt ........................................................................... 46 Sand and Gravel (Construction) ................................. 136 Copper ......................................................................... 48 Sand and Gravel (Industrial) ...................................... 138 Diamond (Industrial) ..................................................... 50 Scandium .................................................................... 140 Diatomite ...................................................................... 52 Selenium ..................................................................... 142 Feldspar ....................................................................... 54 Silicon ......................................................................... 144 Fluorspar ...................................................................... 56 Silver ........................................................................... 146 Gallium ......................................................................... 58 Soda Ash .................................................................... 148 Garnet (Industrial) ........................................................ 60 Sodium Sulfate ........................................................... 150 Gemstones ................................................................... 62 Stone (Crushed) ......................................................... 152 Germanium .................................................................. 64 Stone (Dimension) ...................................................... 154 Gold .............................................................................. 66 Strontium .................................................................... 156 Graphite (Natural) ........................................................ 68 Sulfur .......................................................................... 158 Gypsum ........................................................................ 70 Talc and Pyrophyllite .................................................. 160 Helium .......................................................................... 72 Tantalum ..................................................................... 162 Indium .......................................................................... 74 Tellurium ..................................................................... 164 Iodine ........................................................................... 76 Thallium ...................................................................... 166 Iron and Steel ............................................................... 78 Thorium ...................................................................... 168 Iron and Steel Scrap .................................................... 80 Tin ............................................................................... 170 Iron and Steel Slag ...................................................... 82 Titanium and Titanium Dioxide ................................... 172 Iron Ore ........................................................................ 84 Titanium Mineral Concentrates .................................. 174 Iron Oxide Pigments .................................................... 86 Tungsten ..................................................................... 176 Kyanite and Related Materials ..................................... 88 Vanadium ................................................................... 178 Lead ............................................................................. 90 Vermiculite .................................................................. 180 Lime ............................................................................. 92 Wollastonite ................................................................ 182 Lithium.......................................................................... 94 Yttrium ........................................................................ 184 Magnesium Compounds .............................................. 96 Zeolites (Natural)
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