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Barrow Thaw Data 1970-1974

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Barrow Thaw Data 1970-1974 U.S. Tundra Biome Data Report 74-1 BARROW THAW DATA 1970-1974. J. Brown, P,J. Webber,. S.F. MacLean: Jr., P.L. Gersper and P.S. Flint December 197 4 .. U.S. TUNDRA BlOME Ecosystem Analysia Studies U.S. International Biological Program U.S. Arctic Research Program lARRY S. UNDERWOOD U.S. Tundra Biome Data Report 74-18 BARROW THAW DATA 1970-1974 J. Brown Research Division u.s. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory P.J. Webber INSTAAR University of Colorado S.F. MacLean, Jr. College of Biological Sciences University of Alaska P.L. Gersper ·and P.S. Flint Department of Soils and Plant Nutrition University of Californi~ (Berkeley) December 1974 U.S. TUNDftA BIOME Ecosystem Analysis Studies U.S. International Biological Progr8Jl\ u.s. Arctic Research Program PREFACE This document contains project data summaries and appropriate text. The report, in its current form, is intended for internal Biome circula­ tion so that J:>elevant data are easily available to other Biome investiga­ tors. It is not intended to be a citable reference as editing, style control and other formatting has not been rigorously performed. If an individual chooses to reference or quote data or interpretations contained in this report, the form in the back of this report should be completed and appropriate approval obtained. Additional forms are available from J. Brown, USACRREL, P.o. Box 282, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755. Many individuals from the Barrow-based projects cooperated in cv.L­ lecting the thaw data throughout the period of record. Rather than at­ tempt to list every one individually and at the risk of missing a few, we would like to collectively acknowledge every one who braved the rigors of the arctic to stab the tundra for the glory of it all! Funds for the collection of these data came from the National Science Foundation's support of the Tundra. Biome to seYeral universities and from USACRREL in-house research program. Field suppo1:t at Barrow was through the Naval Arctic Research Laboratory .of the Office of Naval Research. ii INTRODUCTION Depths of soil thaw were measured at varying levels of intensity throughout the Biome years at Barrow. Method of measuremeh't ~ by probing with a narrow-diameter metAl rod to the point of contact with the hard frozen soil or underlying permafrost. The site one and two plots were measured every 10 days during 1970 and 1971 and selected plots were checked for maximum seasonal values in 1972, 1973 and 1974. Table I contains the seasonal progression of thaw for sites 1 and 2. Addi tionai thaw data were obtained on site 4 plots starting 'in 1971. The late swmner thaw depths for sites 1 1 2 and 4 for the period of record are contained in Table II. In addition to these plots, thaw data were obtained from the ordina­ tion plots (see Data Report 73-22) during the years 1972-1974. These data are presented in Table III. Finally, in 1973 a soil-vegetation grid was established on site 4 and thaw data was obtained at intersections of grid points. These data are contained in Table IV. Figure 1 contains a location map of al ~ plots from which systematic thaw data were collected during 1970-1974. Table I. Seo.sonal Progression of Thaw ( 1970 + 1971) , 1970 !2I! Site ? (n • 22) Site 1 (n • 30 ) Treatment Plot 23 J une 25 J une 4July 14 July 24 July 3 Aug . 13 Aug. 23 Aug . 2 Sept. 26/27 June 29 J une 4July 15 July 25 July 4 Aug. 14 Aug. Control lo6 -- 8.9 12.9 17.0 19. 2 21.7 22 . 2 22 . 4 23 . 2 -- 9.1 -- 18. 3 21.4 25 .8 25.0 Control 107 -- 7.6 10. 4 15.6 16 . 2 17 . 3 l7o6 l 7o6 l 9 o0 -- 9. 2 -- 16.7 19 . 2 22.9 25 . 2 Above- Heat 111 -- 10 .8 15o0 20 .0 2;i . 3 28 . 2 29 o'' 30ol 31.9 -- 8.6 -- 21.2 27.7 32. 3 31.3 Below... Heat 112 -- 6.8 18. 2 21.8 28 .7 33 . 2 35 . 3 37 .0 38 .0 -- 17.4/67.8 - - 27 .3/6607 36 . 2/68. 4 41. 5/6? .7 46.4/66.0 Oil 113 -- 12.9 -- -- -- -- 21.0 21.4 21.8 -- 10.1 -- 18 . 4 24 .9 24 .6 24 .8 Oil 114 -- 11. 3 -- -- -- -- 21.3 22 .6 21.9 -- 10 . 2 -- l 8 o3 24 .9 25 .7 27 .3 High Dist. 115 -- -- 17.7 21.2 24 o3 25 .6 27.0 27 .0 27 o7 -- 15 .1 -- -- 27 .7 27.5 28 . 4 Low Dist. 116 -- -- 15 .6 19. 2 21.0 23 .0 23 o4 23 .9 24 o4 -- 10. 3 -- -- 27. 7 25 .9 25 .8 Si t e 1 (n • 22) Site 2 w Control 201 12.6 16 . 2 18.8 21.7 211. 5 27 .9 27 . 5 28 . 4 27 .6 13.6 -- -- 21.2 26 .7 -- 29 ·" Control 202 7.7 lO o8 14.9 18 .6 20.8 22 .7 27 °8 23 . 5 211.5 9. 4 -- -- 20 .3 24.8 -- 29 . 2 Control 203 11.9 -- 18.9 23 . 2 25o9 27 .9 27 o7 28 o4 29 o5 10.3 -- -- 20 . 5 25.9 -- 28 . 3 Control 204 -- -- 15 o5 19. 3 2:0 05 24 . 2 24 09 211. 6 25 o3 13.8 -- -- l 9 o8 22.0 -- 24 .7 Control 205 8. 5 -- 15. 2 19o0 20 o4 22 .9 24 .0 23 .6 24 07 10. 3 -- -- 18.7 22. ): -- 22. 2 Control 2o6 13.9 -- 18. 3 21.8 23 . 5 25 .6 25 . 3 25. 5 26 .1 11.9 -- 15.5 21.7 27 . 1 -- 27 .6 Control 207 9 . 5 12o7 15.1 19.9 21.9 25 .h 25 . 2 25.3 26 .0 11.1 -- 17.8 20 . 2 24 .0 -- 26 .0 Control 208 11.3 -- 17.6 21.7 23 .6 24 . 5 26 . 2 26 . 4 26 04 11.8 -- 17. 5 20.2 24.6 -- 27 .1 Control 209 11.7 -- 17.7 22 .0 23 .7 ?~.5 26 . 5 26 .9 27 . 3 11.1 -- 17.8 20 . 3 26 o6 -- 27.4 Control 210 9.9 -- l7o9 21.9 24 o4 25 . 5 0>6 .9 26 08 27 o5 12.0 -- 16 .8 .. 26 .8 -- 26 .9 Clip-Clear 226 14.7 17 .7 19 o5 24 . 5 26 . 4 28 . 2 <8 . 4 28 oO 29 . <1 13.1/14 .0 -- l9o5 24 .8 29 . 4 -- 32.3 Clip-Clear 227 17.6 21.0 23 .7 28.6 32 05 34 .4 :;; 5. ;? 35 . 3 36 04 12. 5/16.1 -- 24 .0 25 .0 28 .6 -- 31.0 Clip-Uncl. 228 15.4 -- 18. 7 22 . 2 24 05 26 .7 27 .'· 27 o3 28. 5 8.6/10 . 3 -- 17. 2 21.1 28 . 5 -- 30.3 Clip- Unc l. 229 13 .9 -- l 9 o2 22 o7 25 .0 26.8 27 . ~ 27 . 3 28 . 2 11.9/10.8 -- l6o7 21.7 26 . 5 -- 30 .1 Lt . Mulch 230 10.9 -- 16 .9 19.8 22 . 2 23 o3 24 .6 24 . 1 25 . 5 8.9/ 8.o -- 14 .1 20 . 5 25 .8 -- 28 .3 Hyo ~lulch 231 9. 5 12 . 5 15 . 5 19.0 19.6 20 o8 21.0 21.2 22 . 3 11.1/ 10.0 -- 14 . 8 18.8 22 o5 -- 25 .1 20-10-10 232 16.!> -- l9o7 23 . 4 26 . 3 28.0 <9 . 1 28 o4 29 ·'' 11.0 -- -- 23.9 27 .8 -- 31 . 4 8- 32-16 233 10.4 -- l6 o2 19 .8 21.6 23.1 o4 .o 23 . 2 24 . 4 11.0 -- -- 18.6 23 . 5 -- 27.0 Wind 234 8. ' -- 16.0 19 .6 22 . 1 23 .9 . 4.6 25.0 25 o3 9. 3 -- -- 19 .1 23 .6 -- 27 . 2 Grazed 235 17. 3 -- 20 o0 24 .0 26 . 2 28 . 2 28 .7 28 oO 29 .8 9.6 -- -- 19. 3 24 .6 -- 28.1 Grazed 236 11 .8 -- 18. 8 21.6 23 .6 2~ . 6 26 o3 26 . 3 27 . 5 16. 2 -- -- 21.1 26 02 -- 27-3 n = 38/70 20 38 38 38 .. / 1309 I I ' \ I I I I ' I I ' I I ' ~ I ' - N- I I 1307 11306 I I '' \ I I '' I I ''I ' "1308 I Jr::::;::-~eg~ I // .................. I I / ~~' ...... I . ~ I , __ ,.,.. .-;,.., ""\\' 114A Ji30t I I .... I I 113";\.11 48 .... I r - -" I.!'J ,,- I -- II 5o 107~01~2 01138 ,, I \I I "sooDtll I I I 106 I \ t 1312 I 1\ \1 ~23 1313.. I I I I I II I 1\ I 1\,, \1311 "f / _ .11.J.o.t.•:,.. __ , _____ ; \I I r- ;--"' \I 1316 / ~/ - , I ·----' II 1304 229 II 0 1315"-" .... 1314 250o'Wz 2<,l6 28J 201 II 13030 0~'<>202 D g-202 ,I II 1\) 26cPq 8,.. ;~ 255~03 232/ 2 3 ~ ... II o Site 2 11 226fA' 2100 209 -- 11 1'-' ' 2210 Ozo5 II 22810 ', 2~ ¢1z04 II II 23b-<> ' ~~ II ~ 207':R.fi._C'P 2o8 II 231 II En loroement II 11 II \I ---- -, r-- ------, ,, I I I, 1\ I I ,, I I \I I I ,, LtQend I 1 I' I I I I' •Buil csinos I I I II ---------J L-------.J a Plots I' I Ordination Plots 1\ \I 410 II ~~~~TnnT~TnnT~~~ A II I',, I' ~ran sect I' I' I ' I'I\ II 11325 \\ II 0 100 200 meters II ..-1324 \\ 4090 0403 II Figure 1.
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