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IRP 5 : Minimum Wellhead Requirements an Industry Recommended Practice (IRP) for the Canadian Oil and Gas Industry EDITION: 3 SANCTION DATE: June 20, 2018

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IRP 5 : Minimum Wellhead Requirements an Industry Recommended Practice (IRP) for the Canadian Oil and Gas Industry EDITION: 3 SANCTION DATE: June 20, 2018 IRP 5 : Minimum Wellhead Requirements An Industry Recommended Practice (IRP) for the Canadian Oil and Gas Industry EDITION: 3 SANCTION DATE: June 20, 2018 Copyright/Right to Reproduce Copyright for this Industry Recommended Practice is held by Energy Safety Canada, 2018. All rights reserved. No part of this IRP may be reproduced, republished, redistributed, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted unless the user references the copyright ownership of Energy Safety Canada. Disclaimer This IRP is a set of best practices and guidelines compiled by knowledgeable and experienced industry and government personnel. It is intended to provide the operator with advice regarding the specific topic. It was developed under the auspices of the Drilling and Completions Committee (DACC). The recommendations set out in this IRP are meant to allow flexibility and must be used in conjunction with competent technical judgment. It remains the responsibility of the user of this IRP to judge its suitability for a particular application. If there is any inconsistency or conflict between any of the recommended practices contained in this IRP and the applicable legislative requirement, the legislative requirement shall prevail. Every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the data and recommendations contained in this IRP. However, DACC, its subcommittees, and individual contributors make no representation, warranty, or guarantee in connection with the publication of the contents of any IRP recommendation, and hereby disclaim liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting from the use of this IRP, or for any violation of any legislative requirements. Availability This document, as well as future revisions and additions, is available from Energy Safety Canada 5055 – 11 Street NE Calgary, Alberta Canada T2E 8N4 phone: 1-800-667-5557 403-516-8000 email: [email protected] visit: EnergySafetyCanada.com IRP 5: Minimum Wellhead Requirements Table of Contents Table of Contents 5.0 Preface ......................................................................................................................... 1 5.0.1 Purpose .......................................................................................................... 1 5.0.2 Audience ......................................................................................................... 1 5.0.3 Scope and Limitations ..................................................................................... 1 5.0.4 Revision Process ............................................................................................ 2 5.0.5 Sanction .......................................................................................................... 3 5.0.6 Acknowledgements ......................................................................................... 3 5.0.7 Range of Obligations ....................................................................................... 4 5.0.8 Copyright Permissions .................................................................................... 4 5.0.9 Symbols and Abbreviations ............................................................................. 5 5.0.10 Definitions ....................................................................................................... 6 5.0.11 Background ..................................................................................................... 6 5.1 Wellhead Components and Considerations .............................................................. 7 5.1.1 Components.................................................................................................... 7 5.1.1.1 Casing ............................................................................................. 10 5.1.1.2 Tubing ............................................................................................. 11 5.1.1.3 Instrument and Control Lines ........................................................... 11 5.1.1.4 Types of Wells ................................................................................. 11 5.1.2 Component Requirements Applicable to All Wellheads ................................. 12 5.1.2.1 Manufacturing Requirements ........................................................... 13 5.1.2.2 Salvaged Wellhead Component Requirements ............................... 13 5.1.2.3 Rental Equipment ............................................................................ 13 5.1.2.4 Pressure Rating Requirements ........................................................ 14 5.1.2.5 Full Bore Access Requirements....................................................... 15 5.1.2.6 Pressure Relief Access on Side Outlets .......................................... 15 5.1.3 Basic Components of a Wellhead ................................................................. 15 5.1.3.1 Casing Head.................................................................................... 16 5.1.3.2 Casing Spool ................................................................................... 19 5.1.3.3 Casing Hangers ............................................................................... 20 5.1.3.4 Packoff Flange ................................................................................ 22 5.1.3.5 Tubing Head .................................................................................... 23 5.1.3.6 Lock Down Screws .......................................................................... 27 5.1.3.7 Tubing Hanger ................................................................................. 29 5.1.3.8 Tubing Head Adaptor ...................................................................... 32 5.1.3.9 Christmas Tree ................................................................................ 33 5.1.3.10 Gate Valves ..................................................................................... 38 5.1.3.11 Coiled Tubing Hangers .................................................................... 42 5.1.3.12 Wellhead Feedthroughs .................................................................. 43 5.1.3.13 Connections .................................................................................... 45 5.1.3.14 Seals ............................................................................................... 57 5.1.3.15 Surface Casing Vent Flow Assembly ............................................... 60 June 2018 i IRP 5: Minimum Wellhead Requirements Table of Contents 5.1.4 Sweet Flowing Wells ..................................................................................... 63 5.1.4.1 Sweet Flowing Wells Below 13.8 MPa ............................................. 64 5.1.4.2 Sweet Flowing Well Above 13.8 MPa .............................................. 64 5.1.4.3 Low Pressure/Low Risk Gas Wells .................................................. 66 5.1.5 Critical Sour, Sour and Corrosive Wells ........................................................ 68 5.1.6 Fracture Trees .............................................................................................. 71 5.1.6.1 Fracture Tree Configuration ............................................................. 72 5.1.6.2 Pressure Testing ............................................................................. 73 5.1.6.3 Erosion Wear ................................................................................... 74 5.1.6.4 Valve Operation ............................................................................... 74 5.1.6.5 Connections .................................................................................... 75 5.1.6.6 Post-Fracture ................................................................................... 75 5.1.6.7 Wellhead Isolation Tools ................................................................. 75 5.1.6.8 Additional Fracturing Equipment ...................................................... 77 5.1.7 Artificial Lift Wells .......................................................................................... 77 5.1.7.1 Gas Lift ............................................................................................ 79 5.1.7.2 Electric Submersible Pump .............................................................. 79 5.1.7.3 Reciprocating Rod Pump ................................................................. 80 5.1.7.4 Progressing Cavity Pump ................................................................ 82 5.1.7.5 Plunger Lift ...................................................................................... 83 5.1.7.6 Hydraulic (Jet) Pump ....................................................................... 86 5.1.7.7 Velocity String ................................................................................. 87 5.1.8 Other Well Types .......................................................................................... 87 5.1.8.1 Injection or Disposal ........................................................................ 87 5.1.8.2 Thermal Operations ......................................................................... 90 5.1.8.3 Cavern Storage Well ....................................................................... 94 5.1.8.4 Observation Well ............................................................................. 96 5.2 Wellhead Implementation .......................................................................................... 97 5.2.1 General Responsibilities in Wellhead Implementation ..................................
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