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Vulnerability of Mammals to Land-Use Changes in Colombia's Post-Conflict
A peer-reviewed open-access journal Nature ConservationVulnerability 29: 79–92 (2018) of mammals to land-use changes in Colombia’s post-conflict era 79 doi: 10.3897/natureconservation.29.28943 RESEARCH ARTICLE http://natureconservation.pensoft.net Launched to accelerate biodiversity conservation Vulnerability of mammals to land-use changes in Colombia’s post-conflict era Bayron R. Calle-Rendón1,2, Flavio Moreno3, Renato R. Hilário1,2 1 Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Tropical (PPGBio), Universidade Federal do Amapá, Ma- capá, Brazil 2 Laboratório de Ecologia (LabEco), Universidade Federal do Amapá, Macapá, Brazil 3 Departa- mento de Ciencias Forestales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia Sede Medellín, Medellín, Colombia Corresponding author: Bayron R. Calle-Rendón ([email protected]) Academic editor: C. Knogge | Received 8 August 2018 | Accepted 12 September 2018 | Published 9 October 2018 http://zoobank.org/D76BEBBE-4115-48CA-8EE7-83025E77D4FC Citation: Calle-Rendón BR, Moreno F, Hilário RR (2018) Vulnerability of mammals to land-use changes in Colombia’s post-conflict era. Nature Conservation 29: 79–92. https://doi.org/10.3897/natureconservation.29.28943 Abstract Colombia, one of the most biodiverse countries in the world, is entering a peaceful period after more than fifty years of armed conflict. Due to land use changes resulting from this new situation, negative -ef fects on biodiversity, including mammals are expected. We think that mammal populations will be more sensitive in municipalities where activities related to post-conflict will be carried out. In that order, we aim to: 1) identify which mammal species would be more sensitive and 2) identify the critical regions where there is higher richness of sensitive mammals. -
The Contribution of the Afro-Descendant Soldiers to the Independence of the Bolivarian Countries (1810-1826)
Revista de Relaciones Internacionales, Estrategia y Seguridad ISSN: 1909-3063 [email protected] Universidad Militar Nueva Granada Colombia Reales, Leonardo The contribution of the afro-descendant soldiers to the independence of the bolivarian countries (1810- 1826) Revista de Relaciones Internacionales, Estrategia y Seguridad, vol. 2, núm. 2, julio-diciembre, 2007 Universidad Militar Nueva Granada Bogotá, Colombia Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=92720203 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative REVISTA - Bogotá (Colombia) Vol. 2 No. 2 - Julio - Diciembre 11 rev.relac.int.estrateg.segur.2(2):11-31,2007 THE CONTRIBUTION OF THE AFRO-DESCENDANT SOLDIERS TO THE INDEPENDENCE OF THE BOLIVARIAN COUNTRIES (1810-1826) Leonardo Reales (Ph.D. Candidate - The New School University) ABSTRACT In the midst of the independence process of the Bolivarian nations, thousands of Afro-descendant soldiers were incorporated into the patriot armies, as the Spanish Crown had done once independence was declared. What made people of African descent support the republican cause? Was their contribution to the independence decisive? Did Afro-descendant women play a key role during that process? Why were the most important Afro-descendant military leaders executed by the Creole forces? What was the fate of those soldiers and their descendants at the end of the war? This paper intends to answer these controversial questions, while explaining the main characteristics of Recibido: 3 de septiembre 2007 Aceptado: 8 de octubre 2007 society throughout the five countries freed by the Bolivarian armies in the 1810s and 1820s. -
Neoliberal Modernity Crisis in Latin America at the Twenty-First Century: Social Cleavages, National Challenges and Hemispheric Revisionism
Neoliberal Modernity Crisis in Latin America at the Twenty-First Century: Social Cleavages, National Challenges and Hemispheric Revisionism by Gustavo Adolfo Morales Vega A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate and Postdoctoral Affairs in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Political Science Carleton University Ottawa, Ontario © 2015 Gustavo Adolfo Morales Vega To my wife Catalina and our son Gabriel who often remind me that our representations of the world are also tied to deep feelings and emotions. ii Abstract This dissertation is concerned with the way the crisis of the neoliberal modernity project applied in Latin America during the 80s and 90s affected the political order of the hemisphere at the beginning of the twenty-first century. This work’s main argument is that the responses to the social cleavages produced by the global hegemonic pretension of neoliberalism have, on one hand, produced governments in the region driven internally by different and opposed places of enunciation, practices, ideas, and rationalities. On the other hand, these responses have generated locked international communities in the continent between “blocs” moved by different collective meanings. What Latin America is currently living through is not a process of transition resulting from the accomplishment of a new hemispheric consensus but a moment of uncertainty, a consequence of the profound crisis of legitimacy left by the increased weakness of neoliberal collective meanings. It is precisely the dispute about the “correct” collective judgement to organize the American space that moves the international stage in an apparently contradictory dynamic of regional integration and confrontation. -
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United Nations S/2019/1017 Security Council Distr.: General 31 December 2019 Original: English Children and armed conflict in Colombia Report of the Secretary-General Summary The present report, submitted pursuant to Security Council resolution 1612 (2005) and subsequent resolutions, is the fourth report of the Secretary-General on children and armed conflict in Colombia and covers the period from 1 July 2016 to 30 June 2019. The report provides information on the six grave violations against children, on parties to conflict responsible, where identified, and on progress made in the protection of children affected by armed conflict. The reporting period was marked by the implementation of the Final Agreement for Ending the Conflict and Building a Stable and Lasting Peace (S/2017/272, annex II) between the Government of Colombia and the Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia-Ejército del Pueblo (FARC-EP), which put an end to a five-decade-long conflict. A decrease in the total number of grave violations against children was documented and can be explained in part by the signature of the peace agreement and the subsequent demobilization of the largest armed group in the country. Over the same period, however, other armed groups expanded their territorial presence, including in areas vacated by FARC-EP, and FARC-EP dissident groups emerged. These developments have continued to expose children to grave violations, in particular recruitment and use and sexual violence. Highlighted in the report are the efforts made by the Government of Colombia to strengthen the framework to respond to, end and prevent grave violations against children, including through prevention strategies. -
FULLTEXT01.Pdf
1 Cover photo: José Ramón Gomez, Arauca, 2012 Front page designed by: Manuela Giraldo 'When an Indigenous People disappears, a whole world is extinguished forever, along with its culture, spirituality, language, ancestral knowledge and traditional practices ... The survival of Indigenous Peoples with dignity is all in our hands.” National Indigenous Organization of Colombia (ONIC) "We are not myths of the past neither ruins in the jungle. We are people and we want to be respected…” Rigoberta Menchu Tum 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................................. 5 PREFACE .................................................................................................................................... 6 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ........................................................................................................ 7 ACRONYMS ............................................................................................................................... 8 1.1 Aim and Research Question ............................................................................................ 10 1.2 Theoretical Framework ................................................................................................... 10 1.2.1 Structural Violence ................................................................................................ 11 1.2.2 Civilians Targeted by GAO ML.......................................................................... -
Colombia Page 1 of 21
Colombia Page 1 of 21 Colombia Country Reports on Human Rights Practices - 2006 Released by the Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor March 6, 2007 Colombia is a constitutional, multiparty democracy with a population of approximately 42 million. On May 28, independent presidential candidate Alvaro Uribe was reelected in elections that were considered generally free and fair. The 42-year internal armed conflict continued between the government and terrorist organizations, particularly the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) and the National Liberation Army (ELN). .The United Self Defense Forces of Colombia (AUC) was demobilized by August, but renegade AUC members who did not demobilize, or who demobilized but later abandoned the peace process, remained the object of military action. While civilian authorities generally maintained effective control of the security forces, there were instances in which elements of the security forces acted in violation of state policy. Although serious problems remained, the government's respect for human rights continued to improve, which was particularly evident in actions undertaken by the government's security forces and in demobilization negotiations with the AUC. The following societal problems and governmental human rights abuses were reported during the year: unlawful and extrajudicial killings; forced disappearances; insubordinate military collaboration with criminal groups; torture and mistreatment of detainees; overcrowded and insecure prisons; arbitrary arrest; high number of -
Brazil-Turkey Fundação Alexandre De Gusmão Fundação Two Emerging Powers Intensify Emerging Powers Two
coleção Internacionais Relações Relações coleção coleção Internacionais 811 Ekrem Eddy Güzeldere is a political Eddy Güzeldere Ekrem Ekrem Eddy Güzeldere The bilateral relations of Brazil and Turkey scientist from Munich with a specialization Within the theoretic frame of role theory, this book represents a first attempt at are a little researched subject. Therefore, this in international relations. He holds a PhD describing the bilateral relations of Brazil and Turkey since the 1850s until 2017 book offers a first attempt at analyzing both (2017) from the University of Hamburg. with an emphasis on contemporary relations. Both states are treated as emerging the political, economic, cultural and academic From 2005 to October 2015 he worked in powers, which intensify their relations, because of two main motivations: to raise bilateral relations, especially since they have Istanbul for the German political foundation their status in international affairs and for economic reasons. In the period of 2003 been intensifying in the 2000s. However, there Heinrich Böll, an international ESI think until 2011, Brazil and Turkey succeeded in intensifying their relations in many is also a historic chapter about the relations in tank, as a journalist and political analyst fields, with 2010 being the year of most intensive politico-diplomatic relations, the 19th century, which in its depth, using both for international media and consultancies. because of both a major diplomatic initiative, the Tehran Declaration, and an Turkish and Portuguese-language sources, Before moving to Istanbul, he worked in ambitious Strategic Partnership. The economic relations reached a high in 2011 represents a first endeavor in English. -
Targeting Civilians in Colombia's Internal Armed
‘ L E A V E U S I N P E A C E ’ T LEAVE US IN A ‘ R G E T I N G C I V I L I A N S PEA CE’ I N C O TARG ETING CIVILIANS L O M B I A IN COL OM BIA S INTERNAL ’ S ’ I N T E R ARMED CONFL IC T N A L A R M E D C O N F L I C ‘LEAVE US IN PEACE’ T TARGETING CIVILIANS IN COLOMBIA ’S INTERNAL ARMED CONFLICT “Leave us in peace!” – Targeting civilians in Colombia’s internal armed conflict describes how the lives of millions of Colombians continue to be devastated by a conflict which has now lasted for more than 40 years. It also shows that the government’s claim that the country is marching resolutely towards peace does not reflect the reality of continued A M violence for many Colombians. N E S T Y At the heart of this report are the stories of Indigenous communities I N T decimated by the conflict, of Afro-descendant families expelled from E R their homes, of women raped and of children blown apart by landmines. N A The report also bears witness to the determination and resilience of T I O communities defending their right not to be drawn into the conflict. N A L A blueprint for finding a lasting solution to the crisis in Colombia was put forward by the UN more than 10 years ago. However, the UN’s recommendations have persistently been ignored both by successive Colombian governments and by guerrilla groups. -
Economic Freedom in the “Bolivarian Andes” Is Melting Away James M
No. 1157 Delivered March 2, 2010 June 29, 2010 Economic Freedom in the “Bolivarian Andes” Is Melting Away James M. Roberts Abstract: In the past, “Bolivarian” referred to those Andean countries that had been liberated by Simón Bolívar. Today, for the three countries in the Andes that are Talking Points following Hugo Chávez’s “Bolivarian Alternative” path— • Index of Economic Freedom scores for the three Bolivia, Ecuador, and Venezuela—it has come to signify countries in the Andes that are following Hugo declining economic freedom. A closer look at those Chávez’s “Bolivarian Alternative” path—Bolivia, countries’ scores on the 10 indicators in The Heritage Ecuador, and Venezuela—continue to show Foundation’s 2010 Index of Economic Freedom will declining economic freedom. In fact, they are shed light on exactly how and why their economies are fail- among the worst performing countries in the ing to deliver the prosperity that their populist leaders have 2010 Index in all of Latin America. repeatedly promised and failed to deliver. The performance • A common pattern among the three Boli- of market-friendly and democratic countries such as Peru, varian countries is that they all suffer from Colombia, and long-time Latin American economic free- institutional weakness and do not have dom leader Chile is proving that Andean governments can clearly established rules of the game. All deliver true economic and political freedom to their citizens three countries have recently adopted new if leaders govern with the correct mix of policies favoring constitutions that concentrate power in the private property, rule of law, and market-based democratic executive and favor government interven- institutions. -
Venezuela Regional Migration Crisis: Who Are the Children Most at Risk?
FINAL REPORT VENEZUELA REGIONAL MIGRATION CRISIS: WHO ARE THE CHILDREN MOST AT RISK? An analysis of shifting vulnerabilities in the border departments of Colombia (Arauca and La Guajira) Save the Children Colombia March 2019 Foreword Save the Children is strongly involved in the humanitarian response in Colombia as well as in For over 30 years, Save the Children Colombia has other neighbouring countries. Across the region, we been responding to emergencies related to the internal are committed to reach every last child and to unveil armed conflict and natural disasters. For the first time, the current gaps to the accomplishment of their rights. the organisation is responding to an international That is why we commissioned a study identifying who migration crisis of unprecedented proportions. Since were the children most at risk in the context of this 2015, our teams have reached pregnant adolescents, particular crisis, focusing on the two border departments mothers forced to bury their child along the way to of Colombia (Arauca and La Guajira). In our day-to-day Colombia, young adults at risk of being recruited by work, we observe that migratory patterns are dynamic, armed groups, and entire families who crossed the and that populations sometimes present cumulative layers border from Venezuela with little but hope. Economic of vulnerability. Save the Children needed a systematic and institutional challenges, as well as repeated exposure analysis of the impact of the crisis on children, including to violence, more often than not await Venezuelans and with a gender lens, with concrete recommendations Colombian returnees in countries to which they have to inform our programmes and that of our partners. -
BIOTA COLOMBIANA ISSN Impreso 0124-5376 Volumen 20 · Número 1 · Enero-Junio De 2019 ISSN Digital 2539-200X DOI 10.21068/C001
BIOTA COLOMBIANA ISSN impreso 0124-5376 Volumen 20 · Número 1 · Enero-junio de 2019 ISSN digital 2539-200X DOI 10.21068/c001 Atropellamiento vial de fauna silvestre en la Troncal del Caribe Amaryllidaceae en Colombia Adiciones al inventario de copépodos de Colombia Nuevos registros de avispas en la región del Orinoco Herpetofauna de San José del Guaviare Escarabajos estercoleros en Aves en los páramos de Antioquia Oglán Alto, Ecuador y el complejo de Chingaza Biota Colombiana es una revista científica, periódica-semestral, Comité Directivo / Steering Committee que publica artículos originales y ensayos sobre la biodiversi- Brigitte L. G. Baptiste Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos dad de la región neotropical, con énfasis en Colombia y países Alexander von Humboldt vecinos, arbitrados mínimo por dos evaluadores externos. In- M. Gonzalo Andrade Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia cluye temas relativos a botánica, zoología, ecología, biología, Francisco A. Arias Isaza Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras limnología, conservación, manejo de recursos y uso de la bio- “José Benito Vives De Andréis” - Invemar diversidad. El envío de un manuscrito implica la declaración Charlotte Taylor Missouri Botanical Garden explícita por parte del (los) autor (es) de que este no ha sido previamente publicado, ni aceptado para su publicación en otra Editor / Editor revista u otro órgano de difusión científica. El proceso de arbi- Rodrigo Bernal Independiente traje tiene una duración mínima de tres a cuatro meses a partir Editor de artículos de datos / Data papers Editor de la recepción del artículo por parte de Biota Colombiana. To- Dairo Escobar Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos das las contribuciones son de la entera responsabilidad de sus Alexander von Humboldt autores y no del Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Bioló- Asistente editorial / Editorial assistant gicos Alexander von Humboldt, ni de la revista o sus editores. -
Humanitarian Bulletin Colombia Issue 04 | 01 - 30 April 2012
Humanitarian Bulletin Colombia Issue 04 | 01 - 30 April 2012 In this issue Mass displacement rises 49% P.1 HIGHLIGHTS Hostilities hinder health assistance P.2 • UN Secretary-General issues Forced recruitment of children P.3 report on children adn armed conflict. More than 70,000 affected by rains P.5 Floods in San Estanilao, Bolívar COOPI / Daniel Perisco • Mass displacement rises by 49% in April. Clashes along the Pacific Coast exacerbate New UN report emphasizes plight of children in vulnerabilities. armed conflict • Hostilities drop but impact on civilians remains dire. Indigenous and Afro-Colombian children suffer disproportionately • GoC sets conditions to On 6 March, the UN Secretary-General issued his second report on children in armed strengthen risk management conflict in Colombia. The report highlights the persistence of grave violations against chil- and risk reduction. dren from January 2009 to August 2011 – including recruitment of children by non-State armed groups, use by all armed groups, killing and maiming, sexual violence, abductions, attacks on schools and hospitals, and the denial of humanitarian access. These violations FIGURES tend to be under-reported and disproportionately affect indigenous and Afro-Colombian # of IDPs in children. The report goes on to highlight Government efforts to address the situation fol- 2011 (NGO 259.146 lowing previous UN recommendations. Colombia is not formally on the Security Council sources) agenda and has voluntarily agreed to establish reporting and monitoring on children in Children victims armed conflict. A recent report from Watchlist also calls the attention on these violations. of APM/UXO in 34 2012 Both reports highlight the need to provide equal assistance and protection to children ERF 2012 1.6m separated from post-demobilization armed groups -considered as criminal groups by the Goverment-.