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ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ۷۴، ﺑﻬﺎﺭ ۱۳۸۶ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻣﻮﺭﺍﺩ ﻡ ﻭ ﺁﺑﺰﻳﺎﻥ ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ۷۴، ﺑﻬﺎﺭ ۱۳۸۶ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻳﻲ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﭘﺮﺍﻛﻨﺶ ﻣﺎﻫﻴﺎﻥ ﺭﻭﺩ ﺧﺎﻧﻪﺳﻴﺎﻩﺩ ﺭﻭﻳﺸﺎﻥ (ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﺗﺎﻻﺏ ﺍﻧﺰﻟﻲ) • ﻛﻴﻮﺍﻥ ﻋﺒﺎﺳﻲ، ﻋﻠﻴﻨﻘﻲ ﺳﺮﭘﻨﺎﻩ ﻭ • ﺳﺎﺭﻳﻪﻣﺮﺍﺩ ﺧﻮﺍﻩ، ﺑﺨﺶ ﺍﻛﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ، ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﻜﺪﻩ ﺁﺑﺰﻱ ﭘﺮﻭﺭﻱ ﺁﺏﻫﺎﻱﺩ ﺍﺧﻠﻲ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ، ﺑﻨﺪﺭ ﺍﻧﺰﻟﻲ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦﺩ ﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ: ﺷﻬﺮﻳﻮﺭ ﻣﺎﻩ ۱۳۸۲ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﭘﺬﻳﺮﺵ: ﻣﻬﺮ ﻣﺎﻩ ۱۳۸۴ emeail: [email protected] ﭼﻜﻴﺪﻩ ﺭﻭﺩﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﺳﻴﺎﻩﺩﺭﻭﻳﺸـﺎﻥ ﻳﻜﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﺩ ﺧﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻬﻢ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﻱ ﺗﺎﻻﺏ ﺍﻧﺰﻟﻲ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻩ ﻭ ﻧﻘﺶ ﻣﻬﻤﻲ ﺭﺍ ﻫﺮ ﺳـﺎﻟﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺳـﺎﺯﻱ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﺫﺧﺎﻳـﺮ ﻣﺎﻫﻴـﺎﻥ ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻱ ﺧﺰﺭ ﺍﻳﻔﺎﺀ ﻣﻲﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ . ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﺭﺳـﻲ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪ ﻑ ﺷﻨﺎﺳـﺎﻳﻲ ﻭ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﭘﺮﺍﻛﻨﺶ ﻣﻜﺎﻧـﻲ ﻭ ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﺎﻫﻴﺎﻥ ﺭﻭﺩ ﺧﺎﻧـﻪ ﻭ ﻧﻴـﺰ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﻛﻨﻮﻧﻲ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﺩ ﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﺩ ﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺳـﺎﺯﻱ ﺫﺧﺎﻳﺮ ﻣﺎﻫﻴﺎﻥ ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮ ﺩ ﺭﻳﺎﻱ ﺧﺰﺭ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻃﻲ ﺳـﺎﻟﻬﺎﻱ ۱۳۷۷ ﺗﺎ ۱۳۷۹ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻭ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ۸ ﺍﻳﺴـﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎﺗﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﻻﺩ ﺳـﺖ (ﺗﻮﻟﻢ ﺷـﻬﺮ) ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﻝ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ۲۰ ﻛﻴﻠﻮﻣﺘﺮ ﺗﺎ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﺩ ﺳـﺖ (ﻻﻛﺴﺎﺭ) ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﻭ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﺑﺮﺩ ﺍﺭﻱ ﻣﺎﻫﻴﺎﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻮﺭ ﻣﺤﺎﺻﺮﻩ ﺍﻱ، ﺗﻮﺭ ﭘﺮﺗﺎﺑﻲ ﻭ ﺩ ﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺻﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻳﻜﻲ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻧﺸـﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﺩﺧﺎﻧـﻪ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ۳۰ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻭ ﺯﻳﺮﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﺎﻫـﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻳﺎﺯﺩ ﻩ ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺩﻩ ﺩ ﻫﺎﻥﮔﺮﺩ ﻣﺎﻫﻴـﺎﻥ(Petromyzontidae)، ﺗﺎﺱﻣﺎﻫﻴـﺎﻥ (Acipenseridae)، ﺷـﮓﻣﺎﻫﻴﺎﻥ (Clupeidae)، ﻛﭙﻮﺭﻣﺎﻫﻴـﺎﻥ (Cyprinidae)، ﺭﻓﺘﮕﺮﻣﺎﻫﻴﺎﻥ (Cobitidae)، ﺍﺳـﺒﻠﻪ ﻣﺎﻫﻴـﺎﻥ (Siluridae)، ﺍﺭﺩﻛﻤﺎﻫﻴـﺎﻥ (Esocidae)، ﺁﺯﺍﺩﻣﺎﻫﻴـﺎﻥ (Salmonidae)، ﮔﺎﻣﺒﻮﺯﻳﺎﻣﺎﻫﻴـﺎﻥ (Poeciliidae)، ﺳـﻮﻓﻤﺎﻫﻴﺎﻥ (Percidae) ﻭ ﮔﺎﻭﻣﺎﻫﻴـﺎﻥ (Gobiidae) ﻭﺟـﻮﺩ ﺩ ﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻛﭙﻮﺭﻣﺎﻫﻴﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ۲۰ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻩ ﻭ ﺑﻴﺸـﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻓﺮﺍﻭﺍﻧﻲ (۹/۹۵ ﺩ ﺭﺻﺪ) ﺭﺍ ﺩ ﺍﺭﺍ ﺑـﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺳـﺎﻳﺮ ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺩ ﻩﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ ﻳﻚ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﺣﻀﻮﺭ ﺩﺍﺷـﺘﻨﺪ . ﺳـﻴﺎﻩ ﻣﺎﻫﻲ (Capoeta capoeta gracilis) ﺩ ﺭ ﺗﻤﺎﻣـﻲ ﻓﺼﻮﻝ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺴـﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﻫﺎﻱ ۱، ۳، ۴ ﻭ ۶ ﻭ ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﺣﻮﺽ (Carassius auratus gibelio) ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺴـﺘﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎﻱ ۲، ۵، ۷ ﻭ ۸ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺩ ﺭ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻉ، ﺳـﻴﺎﻩ ﻣﺎﻫﻲ، ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﺣﻮﺽ ﻭ ﺷﺎﻩﻛﻮﻟﻲ (Chalcalburnus chalcoides) ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﺑﺎ ۳۶,۶۱، ۲۶,۱۷ ﻭ ۹,۹۴ ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺗﻌﺪ ﺍﺩ ﺑﻴﺸـﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻓﺮﺍﻭﺍﻧﻲ ﺭﺍ ﺩ ﺭ ﻃﻲ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺩ ﺍﺷـﺘﻨﺪ. ﺍﻳﺴـﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﺎﻻﺩﺳـﺖ (۱) ﺑﺎ ۱۳ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻛﻤﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻭ ﺍﻳﺴـﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﺩ ﺳﺖ (۸) ﺑﺎ ۲۷ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﻴﺸـﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺟﺎﻱ ﺩ ﺍﺩ ﻧﺪ. ﺗﻌﺪ ﺍﺩ ۷ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﺷـﺎﻣﻞ ﺳﻪ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﺬﻛﻮﺭ ﻭ ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﺧﻴﺎﻃﻪ (Alburnoides bipunctatus)، ﺳـﺲ ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﺳـﺮﮔﻨﺪ ﻩ (Barbus capito)، ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﺳـﻔﻴﺪ ﺩ ﺭﻳﺎﻱ ﺧﺰﺭ (Rutilus frisii kutum)ﻭﺳﻴﺎﻩﻛﻮﻟﻲ(Vimba vimba persa) ﺩﺭ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﺍﻳﺴـﺘﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎ ﻣﺸـﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﺷـﺪﻧﺪ.ﺗﻌﺪ ﺍﺩ ۹ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﺟﺰﻭ ﻣﺎﻫﻴﺎﻥ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﺯﻱ ﺭﻭﺩﻛﻮﭺ ﻳﺎ ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮ (Anadromous)ﻭ ۱۹ ﮔﻮﻧـﻪ ﺟـﺰﻭ ﻣﺎﻫﻴﺎﻥ ﺁﺏ ﺷـﻴﺮﻳﻦ (ﺭﻭﺩﺧﺎﻧﻪﺍﻱ) ﻭ ﺩ ﻭ ﮔﻮﻧﻪﺩ ﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﻫﺮ ﺩ ﻭ ﻓـﺮﻡ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻧﺪ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ۷ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺎﻫﻴـﺎﻥ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺑﻮﻣﻲ (Alein) ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﺩ ﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳـﺎﻳﻲ ﺷـﺪﻩ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺧﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺍﻧﺘﺸـﺎﺭ ﻭ ﻓﺮﺍﻭﺍﻧﻲ ﺑﺎﻻﻳﻲﺩ ﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﻭ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﺧﻄﺮﺍﺗﻲ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺫﺧﺎﻳﺮ ﻣﺎﻫﻴﺎﻥ ﺑﻮﻣﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮ ﺑﻪﺭﻭﺩﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪ. ﻛﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﻛﻠﻴﺪ ﻱ: ﻣﺎﻫﻴﺎﻥ، ﻓﺮﺍﻭﺍﻧﻲ، ﭘﺮﺍﻛﻨﺶ،ﺭﻭﺩ ﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﺳﻴﺎﻩ ﺩﺭﻭﻳﺸﺎﻥ، ﺗﺎﻻﺏ ﺍﻧﺰﻟﻲ ﺩﺭ ۲۷ ﺍﻣﻮﺭ ﺩ ﺍﻡ ﻭ ﺁﺑﺰﻳﺎﻥ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻳﻲ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﭘﺮﺍﻛﻨﺶ ﻣﺎﻫﻴﺎﻥ... Pajouhesh & Sazandegi No 74 pp: 27-39 Identification and distribution of fish fauna in Siahdarvishan river (Anzali Wetland basin) By: K. Abbasi, S. Moraadkha, and A. Sarpanah, Ecology Dept, National Inland Water Aquaculture Institute, Bandar Anzali, Iran. The Siahdarvishan river is one of the important rivers entering to Anzali Lagoon and it has an important role in restoration of Caspian Sea migratory fishes annually. Main purposes of the study were: Determination of fish diversity, spatial and temporal distribution and present role of the river in restoration of migratory fishes. Studied fishes have been sampled in 8 stations from Upstream (Toolamshahr) as far as 20 km to downstream (Lakesaar) from winter 1998 until fall 2000. Electroschoker, cast net and beach seine were used to catch them. Results showed that 30 species and subspecies fish belonging to 11 families: Lampreys (Petromyzontidae), Sturgeons (Acipenseridae), Shads (Clupeidae), minnows (Cyprinidae), catfish (Siluridae), loaches (Cobitidae), pikes (Esocidae), salmon (Salmonidae), Mosquito fishes (Poeciliidae), Perches (Percidae) and gobies (Gobiidae) exist in the river so that Cyprinidae with 20 species and maximum abundance (95.9%) is prevalent and others had one represent. Capoeta capoeta gracilis was prevalent in total seasons and in stations 1, 3, 4 and 6, too and Carassius auratus gibelio in stations 2, 5, 7 and 8. In addition, C. capoeta gracilis, C. auratus gibelio and Chalcalburnus chalcoides with abundance 36.61, 26.17 and 9.94 % of total number of caught fishes in the study were respectively abundant. In the study was observed the least diversity (13 species) in upstream station (S 1) and the most diversity (27 species) in downstream station (S 8). The mentioned species with Alburnoides bipunctatus, Barbus capito, Rutilus frisii kutum and Vimba vimba persa were observed in total stations. Among identified fish species in the study, were 9 species belong to migratory (anadromous), 19 species belong to freshwater resident and 2 species had both forms. 7 species were identified as alien or exotic which some of them had high dispersion and high abundance and therefore they are dangerous for native fish species and migratory fishes restoration. Keywords: Fish, Abundance, Distribution, Siahdarvishan river, Anzali wetland. ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ ﻭ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐﺩ ﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺁﺑﺰﻳﺎﻥ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﺣﺎﺋﺰ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﺍﺳﺖ (۲۰). ﻣﺎﻫﻴﺎﻥ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﻬﺮﻩﺩﺍﺭﺍﻥﺩ ﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺗﺎﻛﻨﻮﻥﺣﺪ ﻭﺩ ﺑــﺎ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻭﺳــﻌﺖ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ ﺍﻳــﺮﺍﻥ ﻭ ﻭﺟــﻮﺩ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﺁﺑﻲ ﻣﺘﻨــﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻓــﺮﺍﻭﺍﻥ ۲۸۹۰۰ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺷﻨﺎﺳــﺎﻳﻲ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪﺣﺪ ﻭﺩ ۱۱۵۰۰ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ (ﭼﺸــﻤﻪﻫﺎ، ﻧﻬﺮﻫﺎ، ﺭﻭﺩﺧﺎﻧﻪﻫــﺎ، ﺗﺎﻻﺑﻬﺎ،ﺩﺭﻳﺎﭼﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻃﺒﻴﻌــﻲ ﻭ ﻣﺼﻨﻮﻋﻲ، ﺩﺭ ﺁﺏﻫﺎﻱ ﺷــﻴﺮﻳﻦ ﺯﻳﺴــﺖﻣﻲ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪ (۳۸، ۴۳، ۴۴). ﺑﺮﺭﺳــﻲ ﻣﺎﻫﻴﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺧﻠﻴﺠﻬــﺎ ﻭ ﺁﺏﺑﻨﺪ ﺍﻧﻬﺎ)، ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎﺕ ﻣﺎﻫﻲﺷﻨﺎﺳــﻲ ﻧﺎﭼﻴﺰﻱ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺑﻮﻡﺳــﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﺁﺑﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﺗﻜﺎﻣﻞ، ﺑﻮﻡ ﺷــﻨﺎﺧﺘﻲ، ﺭﻓﺘﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ، ﮔﺮﻓﺘــﻪ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺎﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﺑﺮﺟﺴــﺘﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺁﺏ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺩ ﺍﺧﻠﻲ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻣﻲﺗــﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎﺕ ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺘــﻲ، ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﺁﺑــﻲ، ﺑﻬﺮﻩ ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﻱ ﺫﺧﺎﻳﺮ ﻭ ﭘــﺮﻭﺭﺵ ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﺣﺎﺋﺰ ﻣﺤﺪ ﻭﺩ ﻱ (۲، ۳، ۱۵، ۱۷، ۲۴، ۲۶، ۲۷، ۲۸، ۲۹، ۳۳، ۳۴، ۳۵، ۳۶، ۴۷) ﺍﻫﻤﻴــﺖ ﺑــﻮﺩ ﻩ (۴۱) ﻭﺩ ﺭ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺷــﻴﻼﺗﻲﺁﺏ ﻫﺎ، ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﻫﺮ ﭼﻴﺰ ﺑﺮﺭﺳــﻲ ﺭﺍ ﻧﺎﻡ ﺑﺮﺩ، ﻛﻪ ﻫﺪ ﻑ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺗﻜﻤﻴﻞ ﻣﻮﺯﻩﻫﺎ، ﺷﻨﺎﺳــﺎﻳﻲ ﻭ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﺍﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭ ﻣﺎﻫﻴﺎﻥ ﺑــﺮ ﺭﻭﻱ ﻣﺎﻫﻴﺎﻥ ﺻــﻮﺭﺕﻣﻲ ﮔﻴــﺮﺩ (۲۵)، ﺑﻪ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺗــﻲ ﺷﻨﺎﺳــﺎﻳﻲ ﻣﺎﻫﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻳــﺮﺍﻥ ﺑــﻮﺩ ﻩ ﻭ ﻣﺎﻫﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻳﺎ ﺍﻏﻠﺐ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﺁﺑﺮﻳﺰ ﺧﺎﺻﻲ ﺭﺍ ﻓﻬﺮﺳــﺖ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻮﻡﺳــﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﺁﺑﻲ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻦ ﻗﺪﻡ ﻣﺤﺴــﻮﺏ ﻣﻲﺷــﻮﺩ. ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺖ، ﺑﺮﺭﺳــﻲ ﺍﻧﺪ. ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎﺕ ﻣﺎﻫﻲﺷﻨﺎﺳــﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺁﺏﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻲ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻋﻤﺮﻱ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ۱۵۰ ﺯﻳﺴﺖﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﻲ ﻭ ﺑﻮﻡ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﻲ ﮔﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻣﺎﻫﻴﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻳﻚ ﺍﻛﻮﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺳــﺎﻝ ﺩﺍ ﺷﺘﻪ ﻭﻟﻲ ﺩﺭﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﺩ ﺭﻳﺎﻱ ﺧﺰﺭ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺎﻝ ۱۷۷۷ ﻣﻴﻼﺩ ﻱ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎﺕ ﺁﺑﻲ، ﺳــﺒﺐ ﺣﻔﻆ ﻭ ﺑﺎﺯﺳــﺎﺯﻱ ﺫﺧﺎﻳﺮ ﺁﻧﻬﺎﺷﺪ ﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﺍﺳــﺘﺎ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﻲ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺗﻮﺳــﻂ ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻥ ﺷﻮﺭﻭﻱ ﺳﺎﺑﻖ ﺷــﺮﻭﻉ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ (۱). ﺑﺎﻛﻤﺎﻝ ﺗﺎﺳﻒ (ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻱ ﻭﻏﻴﺮﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻱ) ﺑﻪﺩ ﻟﻴﻞ ﻧﻘﺶ ﺷــﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻛﻮﺳﻴﺴــﺘﻢ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺁﺑﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎﺕ ﻣﺎﻫﻲﺷﻨﺎﺳــﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﻣﺎ ﭘﺮﺍﻛﻨﺪﻩﻭ ﺑﺪ ﻭﻥ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻣﻌﻤﺎﻫﺎ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﻭ ﺍﺭﺯﺵﺯﻳﺎﺩﻱ ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﺭﻧﺪ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺑﺎ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻓﺸﺎﺭﻫﺎﻱﻓﺰﺁﻳﻨﺪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻭ ﻧﺎﺷــﻨﺎﺧﺘﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﻱ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺳﻴﺴــﺘﻤﺎﺗﻴﻚ، ﺑﻴﻮﻟﻮﮊﻳــﻚ ﻭ ﺍﻛﻮﻟﻮﮊﻳﻚ ﺑﻪ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺛﺮ ﺭﺷﺪ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖ ﺑﺮ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊﻣﺤﺪ ﻭﺩ ﻛﻨﻮﻧﻲﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ، ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﻣﺒﺮﻣﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻭﻳــﮋﻩ ﮔﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻨﺤﺼﺮ ﺑﻔﺮﺩ ، ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻱ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻌﺮﺽ ﺧﻄــﺮ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺖ ﻫﺮ ﭼﻪ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻴﺎﺕ ﺁﺑﺰﻳﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻣﺤﻴﻂﺯﻧﺪ ﮔﻲ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺍﺣﺴﺎﺱﺷﺪ ﻩ ﻭ ﻧﻴــﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺶﻫﺎﻱ ﻣــﺪ ﻭﻥ ﻭ ﺍﺻﻮﻟــﻲ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ. ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎﺕ ﻣﺎﻫﻲﺷﻨﺎﺳــﻲﺩ ﺭ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺍﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ، ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺖ ﺑﻴﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﻭ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻦ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﻛﺎﻓﻲ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻲ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻱ ﺧﺰﺭ ﺩ ﺭﺳــﺎﻟﻬﺎﻱ ﺍﺧﻴﺮ ﻧﺴــﺒﺘﴼ ﺧﻮﺏ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﺪ ﻩ ﻭ ﻣﺮﺍﻛﺰ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻣﻮﺭ ﺩ ﺍﻡ ﻭ ﺁﺑﺰﻳﺎﻥ ۲۸ ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ۷۴، ﺑﻬﺎﺭ ۱۳۸۶ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎﺕ ﺷــﻴﻼﺗﻲ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﻫﺎﻱ ﮔﻴﻼﻥ ﻭ ﻣﺎﺯﻧﺪﺭﺍﻥ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻳﻲ ﻣﺎﻫﻴﺎﻥ ﺳﻮﺍﺣﻞ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺩ ﺭﻳﺎ، ﺭﻭﺩﺧﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻬــﻢ ﻭ ﺗﺎﻻﺑﻬﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩﻫﺎﻱ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺧﺎﺹ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﺭﺳــﻲ ﻛﻨﻮﻧﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻉ ۴۹۷۱ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﺻﻴﺪ ﺷــﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺩﺍﺩ ﻩﺍﻧﺪ. ﺷﻨﺎﺳــﺎﻳﻲ ﻣﺎﻫﻴﺎﻥ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﺗﺎﻻﺏ ﺍﻧﺰﻟﻲ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ Holcik (۴۰)، ﺯﻳﺴﺖﺳﻨﺠﻲ ﻭ ﺭﻳﺨﺖﺷــﻨﺎﺧﺘﻲ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻳﻲ ۳۰ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻭ ﺯﻳﺮﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻛﺮﻳﻤﭙﻮﺭ (۱۷) ﻭ ﻋﺒﺎﺳــﻲ ﻭ ﻫﻤﻜﺎﺭﺍﻥ (۹) ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺩ ﺭ ﺭﻭﺩ ﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﺍﺯ ۲۹ ﺟﻨﺲ ﻭ ۱۱ ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺩﻩﮔﺮﺩ ﻳﺪ (ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ۱، ﺷــﻜﻞ ۲). ﺍﺯﺭﺩ ﻩ ﻣﺎﺭﻣﺎﻫﻴﺎﻥ ﺳﻴﺎﻩﺩ ﺭﻭﻳﺸــﺎﻥ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﺳــﺎﻣﻲ ﻣﺎﻫﻴﺎﻥ ﻓﻬﺮﺳﺖ ﺷــﺪ ﻩ ﻭ ﻓﺮﺍﻭﺍﻧﻲ ﻭ ﺍﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺩ ﻫﺎﻥﮔﺮﺩ (Cephalaspidomorphii) ﺧﺎﻧــﻮﺍﺩﻩ Petromyzontidae ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﻳﻚ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻧﺸــﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ. ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺁﻥ ﻣﺎﻫﻴﺎﻥﺩ ﺭﻳﺎﺯﻱ ﺭﻭﺩ ﻛﻮﭺ (Anadromous) ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻭ ﺍﺯﺭﺩ ﻩ ﻣﺎﻫﻴﺎﻥ ﺷﻌﺎﻋﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﮕﺎﻥ (Actinopterygii) ﺭﺍﺳﺘﻪ ﻭ ۱۰ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺩ ﻩ ﺩﺭﻳــﺎﻱ ﺧــﺰﺭ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺗﺨﻢﺭﻳــﺰﻱ ﻫﺮﺳــﺎﻟﻪ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺁﺏ ﺷــﻴﺮﻳﻦ ﻭ ﻣﻨﺠﻤﻠﻪ ﺑﺎ ۲۹ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻭ ﺯﻳﺮﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳــﺎﻳﻲ ﺷــﺪ ﻛﻪﺩ ﺭ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺩﻩ ﻛﭙﻮﺭﻣﺎﻫﻴﺎﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺭﻭﺩﺧﺎﻧﻪﻫــﺎﻱ ﺗــﺎﻻﺏ ﺍﻧﺰﻟﻲ ﺷــﺪ ﻩ (۱۶، ۲۲) ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﺠﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳــﺎﻳﻲ ﻭ ۱۹ ﮔﻮﻧــﻪ (۵۲/۶۵ﺩ ﺭﺻﺪ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺐ ﮔﻮﻧﻪﺍﻱ) ﻏﺎﻟﺐ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﺳــﺎﻳﺮ ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺩ ﻩﻫﺎ ﺑﺮﺭﺳــﻲ ﻓﺮﺍﻭﺍﻧﻲ ﻣﺎﻫﻴﺎﻥﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻱ ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦﺭﻭﺩ ﺧﺎﻧﻪ،ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﺷــﻴﻼﺗﻲ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﻳﻚ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻳﻲ ﺷﺪ. ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺎﻫﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻧﻮﻉﺯﻧﺪ ﮔﻴﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺭﺩ ﻭﺩ ﺳﺘﻪ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﻣﻲﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ، ﻟﺬﺍﻧﮕﺎﺭﻧﺪ ﮔﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺭﺳﺎﻧﺪ .ﻩﺍﻧﺪ ﺍﻛﻮﻟﻮﮊﻳﻚ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺷﺘﻨﺪ (ﺟﺪ ﻭﻝ ۱). ﺭﻭﺩ ﺧﺎﻧﻪﺳﻴﺎﻩﺩ ﺭﻭﻳﺸــﺎﻥ ﻳﻜﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﺩﺧﺎﻧﻪﻫــﺎﻱ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺗﺎﻻﺏ ﺍﻧﺰﻟﻲ ﺑــﻮﺩﻩ (ﺷﻜﻞ ۱) ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﺷﺎﺧﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﮔﺸــﺘﺮﻭﺧﺎﻥ،،ﺷﻮﻫﺮﻭﺩ ﻧﻈﺮﺁﻻﺕ،ﺣﻴﺪ ﺭﺁﻻﺕ ﻭ ﻣﺎﻫﻴﺎﻥﺭﻭﺩ ﺧﺎﻧﻪﺍﻱ (ﺭﻭﺩﺯﻱ) ﻗﻠﻌﻪ ﺭﻭﺩﺧﺎﻥ،ﻧﺸﺎﺕ ﻣﻲﮔﻴﺮﺩ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﺁﻥ ۵/۲۹۰، ﻛﻴﻠﻮﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﺮﺑﻊ، ﻃﻮﻝ ﺩ ﺭﺍﻳــﻦﺩﺳــﺘﻪ ۲۱ﮔﻮﻧــﻪ ﻭ ﺯﻳﺮﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﺎﻫــﻲ ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻖﺑــﻪ ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺩ ﻩﻫــﺎﻱ ﺁﺑﺮﺍﻫﻪ ﺍﺻﻠﻲ /۴۵ ﻛﻴﻠﻮﻣﺘﺮ، ﺷــﻴﺐ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ۲/۳ﺩ ﺭﺻﺪ ﻭﺩ ﺑﻲ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﺳﺎﻻﻧﻪ ﻛﭙﻮﺭﻣﺎﻫﻴــﺎﻥ (Cyprinidae)، ﺭﻓﺘﮕﺮﻣﺎﻫﻴﺎﻥ(Cobitidae)،ﺍﺳــﺒﻠﻪ ﻣﺎﻫﻴــﺎﻥ ۳۷/۶ ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﻜﻌﺐ ﺩ ﺭ ﺛﺎﻧﻴﻪ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻩ ﻭ ﻣﺨﺘﺼﺎﺕ ﺁﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻮﻟﻢ ﺷﻬﺮ ۳۷ ﺩﺭﺟﻪ ﻭ Siluridae) ۱۶)، ﺍﺭﺩﻙ ﻣﺎﻫﻴــﺎﻥ (Esocidae)، ﮔﺎﻣﺒﻮﺯﻳﺎﻣﺎﻫﻴــﺎﻥ (Poeciliidae)، ﺩﻗﻴﻘﻪ ﻋﺮﺽ ﺷﻤﺎﻟﻲ ﻭ ۴۹ﺩ ﺭﺟﻪ ﻭ ۲۱ﺩ ﻗﻴﻘﻪ ﻃﻮﻝ ﺷﺮﻗﻲ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ (۱۸). ﺳــﻮﻑ ﻣﺎﻫﻴﺎﻥ(Percidae) ﻭ ﮔﺎﻭﻣﺎﻫﻴﺎﻥ (Gobiidae) ﺷﻨﺎﺳــﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺩ ﻩ ﻛﭙﻮﺭﻣﺎﻫﻴﺎﻥ ﺑﺎ ۱۵ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ (۴۳/۷۱ﺩ ﺭﺻﺪ ﻣﺎﻫﻴﺎﻥ ﺭﻭﺩﺧﺎﻧﻪﺍﻱ) ﻣﻘﺎﻡ ﻧﺨﺴــﺖ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺵ ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺹ ﺩ .ﺍﺩﻧﺪ ﻣﺎﻫﻴﺎﻥ ﺳﻴﺎﻩ ﻣﺎﻫﻲ (Capoeta capoeta gracilis)، ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻔﺎﻭﺗﻬﺎﻱ ﺑﻮﻡ ﺷــﻨﺎﺧﺘﻲ ﻧﻈﻴﺮ ﺷــﻴﺐ ﻭ ﺟﻨﺲ ﺑﺴــﺘﺮ، ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﺍﺯﺩﻫﺎﻧــﻪ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻥﺩ ﺳﺘﺮﺳــﻲ ﺑﻪﺍﻳﺴــﺘﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺑــﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺷﻨﺎﺳــﺎﻳﻲﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﺍﻱ، ﻓﺮﺍﻭﺍﻧﻲ ﻭ ﺍﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭ ﮔﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ۸ ﺍﻳﺴﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ (ﺷﻜﻞ ۱) ﮔﺮﺩﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭﻳﻜﻪ ﺍﻳﺴــﺘﮕﺎﻩ ۱ﺩ ﺭﻧﺰﺩ ﻳﻚﺑﺎﻻﺩ ﺳــﺖ (ﺟﻨﺐ ﺗﻮﻟﻢ ﺷﻬﺮ) ﻭ ﺍﻳﺴﺘﮕﺎﻩ ۸ ﺩﺭ ﻧﺰﺩ ﻳﻚ ﺗﻼﻗﻲ ﺭﻭﺩﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺎﻻﺏ ﺍﻧﺰﻟﻲ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ.
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  • Phylogenetic Relationships of Freshwater Fishes of the Genus Capoeta (Actinopterygii, Cyprinidae) in Iran

    Phylogenetic Relationships of Freshwater Fishes of the Genus Capoeta (Actinopterygii, Cyprinidae) in Iran

    Received: 3 May 2016 | Revised: 8 August 2016 | Accepted: 9 August 2016 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.2411 ORIGINAL RESEARCH Phylogenetic relationships of freshwater fishes of the genus Capoeta (Actinopterygii, Cyprinidae) in Iran Hamid Reza Ghanavi | Elena G. Gonzalez | Ignacio Doadrio Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, Biodiversity and Evolutionary Abstract Biology Department, CSIC, Madrid, Spain The Middle East contains a great diversity of Capoeta species, but their taxonomy re- Correspondence mains poorly described. We used mitochondrial history to examine diversity of the Hamid Reza Ghanavi, Department of algae- scraping cyprinid Capoeta in Iran, applying the species- delimiting approaches Biology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden. Email: [email protected] General Mixed Yule- Coalescent (GMYC) and Poisson Tree Process (PTP) as well as haplotype network analyses. Using the BEAST program, we also examined temporal divergence patterns of Capoeta. The monophyly of the genus and the existence of three previously described main clades (Mesopotamian, Anatolian- Iranian, and Aralo- Caspian) were confirmed. However, the phylogeny proposed novel taxonomic findings within Capoeta. Results of GMYC, bPTP, and phylogenetic analyses were similar and suggested that species diversity in Iran is currently underestimated. At least four can- didate species, Capoeta sp4, Capoeta sp5, Capoeta sp6, and Capoeta sp7, are awaiting description. Capoeta capoeta comprises a species complex with distinct genetic line- ages. The divergence times of the three main Capoeta clades are estimated to have occurred around 15.6–12.4 Mya, consistent with a Mio- Pleistocene origin of the di- versity of Capoeta in Iran. The changes in Caspian Sea levels associated with climate fluctuations and geomorphological events such as the uplift of the Zagros and Alborz Mountains may account for the complex speciation patterns in Capoeta in Iran.
  • Gemeinschaftskatalog Zur Rare Books & Fine Art Frankfurt 2019

    Gemeinschaftskatalog Zur Rare Books & Fine Art Frankfurt 2019

    GEMEINSCHAFTSKATALO G ZUR RARE BOOKS & FINE ART FRANKFURT 2019 ALEXANDERPLATZ BOOKS – NY | ANTIQUARIaaT DIE SCHMIEDE – AMSTERDAM | MELZER'S ANTI- QUARIUM – LÜDENSCHEID | ANTIQUARIAT PETER IbbETSON – ENGELSKIRCHEN | ANTIQUARIAT FRANK ALBRECHT – SCHRIESHEIM | ANTIQUARIAT FONS BLAVUS – RENNINGEN | VERSANDANTI- QUARIAT AM OSNING – BIELEFELD | ANTIQUARIAT WOLFGANG BRAECKLEIN – BERLIN | ANTIQUARIAT THOMAS UND CURT BRAUNS – FRECHEN | VER- SANDANTIQUARIAT ERICH BÜRCK – BERLIN | CaRTO- RAMA + CaRTOBOOK – ERDIGER-ELLER | GaLERIE UND KUNSTANTIQUARIAT JOSEPH FACH – ObER- URSEL | VERSANDANTIQUARIAT MaNUSCRYPTUM – BERLIN | ANTIQUARIAT PETER FRITZEN – TRIER | ANTIQUARIAT WINFRIED GEISENHEYNER – MÜNS- TER | BUCHHANDLUNG & ANTIQUARIAT REDIVIVUS – REGENSBURG | ANTIQUARIAT HaUFE & LUTZ – KaRLSRUHE | ANTIQUARIAT KaRAJAHN – BERLIN | ERIC CHAIM KLINE – SaNTA MONICA | ANTIQUA- RIAT MEINHARD KNIGGE – HaMBURG | ANTIQUA- RIAT DOREEN LaNGGUTH (LESEN HILFT) – KÖLN | KUNSTHANDLUNG – ANTIQUARIAT JOHANNES MÜLLER – SaLZBURG | KUNST- UND VERSAND- BUCHHANDEL M. UND TH. MÜTH – SONSBECK | ANTIQUARIAT REINHOLD PabEL – HaMBURG | ANTIQUARIAT WALTER MaRKOV – BONN | HaM- MELBURGER ANTIQUARIAT | ANTIQUARIAT HEINZ ROHLMANN – KÖLN | ANTIQUARIAT FRANZ SIEGLE – TÜBINGEN | QUERSCHNITT-ANTIQUARIAT – KÖLN | BIBLIOPHILES.DE – BAD NaUHEIM | ANTIQUARIAT DR. WOLFGANG WIEMANN – TaUBERBISCHOFSHEIM Alle Titel können sofort bestellt werden. All items can be ordered immediately. GEMEINSCHAFTSKATALOG ZUR RARE BOOKS & FINE ART FRANKFURT 2019 Alle hier angebotenen Titel können sofort bestellt werden.
  • Prevalence, Intensity and Pathological Lesions Associated with Helminth

    Prevalence, Intensity and Pathological Lesions Associated with Helminth

    PREVALENCE, INTENSITY AND PATHOLOGICAL LESIONS ASSOCIATED WITH HELMINTH INFECTIONS IN FARMED / / AND WILD FISH IN UPPER TANA RIVER BASIN, KENYA CHARLES GICHOHlt MATHENGE (BVM, UON) A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF NAIROBI IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE IN FISH SCIENCE University of NAIROBI Library 0416939 7 DEPARTMENT OF VETERINARY PATHOLOGY, MICROBIOLOGY AND PARASITOLOGY FACULTY OF VETERINARY MEDICINE UNIVERSITY OF NAIROBI 2010 11 DECLARATION This thesis is my original work and has not been presented for a degree in any other University. Signed ............ date: \ Charles Gichohi Mathenge This thesis has been submitted for examination with our approval as University Supervisors: Signed:........................................................ date: A P i 0 Dr. Mbuthia, P. G. (BVM, MSc, Dip. Path., PhD) date:...... Dr. Waruiru, R. M. (BVM, MSc, PhD) Signed: ...'. 7 ......... date:. /. 9 .... Prof. Ngatia, T. A. (BVM, MSc, Dip. PVM, PhD) Ill DEDICATION This work is dedicated to my mother Rachael Waruguru and my late father, Moses Wanjuki Mathenge. IV ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to express my sincere and deep gratitude to my supervisors Dr. Mbuthia P.G., Dr. Waruiru R.M. and Professor Ngatia T.A., for their invaluable advice, suggestions, guidance, moral support and encouragement throughout the study period. I am highly indebted to the Director, Department of Veterinary Services, Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries Development, for allowing me to go on study leave and the award of a scholarship to undertake this MSc programme. I also wish to acknowledge the Chairman, Department of Veterinary Pathology, Microbiology and Parasitology, Prof. Maingi E. N. for invaluable advice and facilitating the preliminary market study.
  • Taxonomic Status of the Genus Cobitis Linnaeus, 1758 (Teleostei: Cobitidae) in the Southern Caspian Sea Basin, Iran with Description of a New Species

    Taxonomic Status of the Genus Cobitis Linnaeus, 1758 (Teleostei: Cobitidae) in the Southern Caspian Sea Basin, Iran with Description of a New Species

    FishTaxa (2017) 2(1): 48-61 E-ISSN: 2458-942X Journal homepage: www.fishtaxa.com © 2016 FISHTAXA. All rights reserved Taxonomic status of the genus Cobitis Linnaeus, 1758 (Teleostei: Cobitidae) in the southern Caspian Sea basin, Iran with description of a new species Soheil EAGDERI1*, Arash JOULADEH-ROUDBAR1, Pariya JALILI1, Golnaz SAYYADZADEH2, Hamid Reza ESMAEILI2 1Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran. 2Ichthyology and Molecular Systematics Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran. Corresponding author: *E-mail: [email protected] Abstract Members of the genus Cobitis in the southern Caspian Sea basin of Iran are found from the Atrak to Aras Rivers. Two species, namely C. keyvani and C. faridpaki had been already described from this distribution range. However, previous study revealed that C. keyvani is a junior synonym of C. faridpaki, therefore populations of the eastern part of the Sefid River are C. faridpaki and those of the western part of this basin represent an undescribed species misidentified as C. keyvani in previous studies. Here we describe and compare it with other species of this genus from Iran based on morphological and molecular (COI barcode region) characters. Keywords: Freshwater fish, Morphology, COI, Spined loach, Sefid River. Zoobank: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:8E2059BD-3345-4FB1-A7D1-12FD62CE01AD urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:B5BA46A4-6ABE-4392-A558-DA54A08D270A Introduction Members of the genus Cobitis represent one of the most widely distributed Palearctic primary freshwater fishes (Sawada 1982; Coad 2017). They are found in Eurasia and Morocco (North Africa) and Southern Asia (Eschmeyer and Fong 2011).
  • Capoeta Damascina (Valenciennes, 1842), a New Host of Contracaecum Sp

    Capoeta Damascina (Valenciennes, 1842), a New Host of Contracaecum Sp

    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Elsevier - Publisher Connector Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2014; 4(Suppl 1): S139-S142 S139 Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine journal homepage: www.apjtb.com Document heading doi:10.12980/APJTB.4.2014C1223 2014 by the Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine. All rights reserved. 襃 Capoeta damascina (Valenciennes, 1842), a new host of Contracaecum sp. and Capillaria sp. (Nematoda) from the Kor River Basin, southwestern Iran 1 2 3 4 3 Zeinab Gholami , Mohammad Taghi Rahimi , Eshrat Beigom Kia , Hamid Reza Esmaeili , Iraj Mobedi * 1Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Palaeontology & Geobiology & GeoBio-Center LMU, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Richard- Wagner-Strasse10, Munich, Germany 2Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Science, Sari, Iran 3Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 4Department of Biology, College of Science, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran PEER REVIEW ABSTRACT Peer reviewer Objective: Capoeta damascina To investigate the parasitic infection status of cyprinid fish, in Mahdi Darvishi, Department of GMethods:omban spring-stream, Kor River Basin, Fars Province, southwestern Iran. pathology, veterinary faculty, Semnan, A total of 12 cyprinid fish (7 females and 5 males) were collected from Gomban spring- Iran. stream, Kor River Basin, Fars Province, southwestern Iran. The collected fish were dissected Tel: +9809192761319 carefully and their internal organs such as liver, gonad, muscle, abdominal lobes, whole viscera Fax: +982732571 andResults: digestive tract were surveyed parasitologically. 12 E-mail: [email protected] One female cyprinid fish Contracaecumout of fish was infected with three nematodes.
  • An Evaluation of Morphometric and Genetic Differentiation

    An Evaluation of Morphometric and Genetic Differentiation

    Fourteen years after the Shahid-Rajaei dam construction: an evaluation of morphometric and genetic differentiation between isolated up- and downstream populations of Capoeta capoeta gracilis (Pisces: Cyprinidae) in the Tajan River of Iran Hossein AnvariFar1, H. Farahmand2, D.M. Silva3, R.P. Bastos3, A. Khyabani1 and Hassan AnvariFar4 1Department of Fisheries, University of Applied Science and Technology, Golestan, Iran 2Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran 3Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brasil 4Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University of Babol, Mazandaran, Iran Corresponding author: D.M. Silva E-mail: [email protected] Genet. Mol. Res. 12 (3): 3465-3478 (2013) Received January 15, 2013 Accepted May 28, 2013 Published September 10, 2013 DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.4238/2013.September.10.3 ABSTRACT. We evaluated the effects of the Shahid-Rajaei dam, 14 years after its construction, on morphometric and genetic divergence between up- and downstream populations of the Iranian fish Siah- Mahi (Capoeta capoeta gracilis). Sixty-six specimens were analyzed. There were significant differences between the 2 groups in the means Genetics and Molecular Research 12 (3): 3465-3478 (2013) ©FUNPEC-RP www.funpecrp.com.br H. AnvariFar et al. 3466 of 16 morphometric characters (univariate analysis). In discriminant function analysis, the proportion of individuals classified into their original groups was 97 and 100% for up- and downstream populations, respectively. Principal component analysis of morphometric data demonstrated that the up- and downstream samples of Siah-Mahi are clearly distinct. In the genetic analysis, 6 informative primers produced 89 polymorphic bands with 95% polymorphism.
  • 1-Research Article Geometric Morphometric Comparison of Trout

    1-Research Article Geometric Morphometric Comparison of Trout

    Iran. J. Ichthyol. (September 2017), 4(3): 220-230 Received: May 03, 2017 © 2017 Iranian Society of Ichthyology Accepted: June 27, 2017 P-ISSN: 2383-1561; E-ISSN: 2383-0964 doi: 10.7508/iji.2017 http://www.ijichthyol.org 1-Research Article Geometric morphometric comparison of trout barb, Capoeta trutta (Teleostei: Cyprinidae) in the Tigris River basin Yazdan KEIVANY* & Mohsen ARAB Department of Natural Resource (Fisheries Division), Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran *Email: [email protected] Abstract: A total of 136 specimens of trout barb, Capoeta trutta (Heckel, 1843) from eight rivers of the Tigris Basin were caught by seine net to compare their shape using geometric morphometrics. After anesthesia, using 1% clove oil solution, the specimens were fixed in 10% buffered formalin and transferred to the Ichthyology Museum of Isfahan University of Technology for further studies. The left sides of the specimens were photographed using a copy-stand equipped with a digital camera. To extract body shape data, 13 homologous landmark-points were digitized using tpsDig2 software. After GPA superimposing, the landmark data, were analyzed using Principal Components Analysis (PCA), Canonical Variate Analysis (CVA) and Cluster Analysis (CA) to explore the patterns of variation in their body shape. All multivariate analyses were computed using PAST software. The consensus configuration of populations was visualized using the wireframe graphs in MorphoJ to compare their shape difference. The PCA, CVA and CA showed differences among the populations, especially, between Konjancham and other populations. This result showed that geometric morphometric methods could separate trout barb populations of the Tigris River Basin from each other to a great extent.
  • Guide to Monogenoidea of Freshwater Fish of Palaeartic and Amur Regions

    Guide to Monogenoidea of Freshwater Fish of Palaeartic and Amur Regions

    GUIDE TO MONOGENOIDEA OF FRESHWATER FISH OF PALAEARTIC AND AMUR REGIONS O.N. PUGACHEV, P.I. GERASEV, A.V. GUSSEV, R. ERGENS, I. KHOTENOWSKY Scientific Editors P. GALLI O.N. PUGACHEV D. C. KRITSKY LEDIZIONI-LEDIPUBLISHING © Copyright 2009 Edizioni Ledizioni LediPublishing Via Alamanni 11 Milano http://www.ledipublishing.com e-mail: [email protected] First printed: January 2010 Cover by Ledizioni-Ledipublishing ISBN 978-88-95994-06-2 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, transmitted or utilized in any form or by any means, electonical, mechanical, photocopying or oth- erwise, without permission in writing from the publisher. Front cover: /Dactylogyrus extensus,/ three dimensional image by G. Strona and P. Galli. 3 Introduction; 6 Class Monogenoidea A.V. Gussev; 8 Subclass Polyonchoinea; 15 Order Dactylogyridea A.V. Gussev, P.I. Gerasev, O.N. Pugachev; 15 Suborder Dactylogyrinea: 13 Family Dactylogyridae; 17 Subfamily Dactylogyrinae; 13 Genus Dactylogyrus; 20 Genus Pellucidhaptor; 265 Genus Dogielius; 269 Genus Bivaginogyrus; 274 Genus Markewitschiana; 275 Genus Acolpenteron; 277 Genus Pseudacolpenteron; 280 Family Ancyrocephalidae; 280 Subfamily Ancyrocephalinae; 282 Genus Ancyrocephalus; 282 Subfamily Ancylodiscoidinae; 306 Genus Ancylodiscoides; 307 Genus Thaparocleidus; 308 Genus Pseudancylodiscoides; 331 Genus Bychowskyella; 332 Order Capsalidea A.V. Gussev; 338 Family Capsalidae; 338 Genus Nitzschia; 338 Order Tetraonchidea O.N. Pugachev; 340 Family Tetraonchidae; 341 Genus Tetraonchus; 341 Genus Salmonchus; 345 Family Bothitrematidae; 359 Genus Bothitrema; 359 Order Gyrodactylidea R. Ergens, O.N. Pugachev, P.I. Gerasev; 359 Family Gyrodactylidae; 361 Subfamily Gyrodactylinae; 361 Genus Gyrodactylus; 362 Genus Paragyrodactylus; 456 Genus Gyrodactyloides; 456 Genus Laminiscus; 457 Subclass Oligonchoinea A.V.
  • Yaġayan Capoeta Banarescui'nun

    Yaġayan Capoeta Banarescui'nun

    T.C. ORDU ÜNĠVERSĠTESĠ FEN BĠLĠMLERĠ ENSTĠTÜSÜ AġAĞI MELET IRMAĞI’NDA (ORDU) YAġAYAN Capoeta banarescui’NUN YAġ, BÜYÜME VE OTOLĠT ÖZELLĠKLERĠ GÜLġAH KESKĠN Bu tez, Biyoloji Anabilim Dalında Yüksek Lisans derecesi için hazırlanmıĢtır. ORDU 2013 TEZ BĠLDĠRĠMĠ Tez yazım kurallarına uygun olarak hazırlanan bu tezin yazılmasında bilimsel ahlak kurallarına uyulduğunu, başkalarının eserlerinden yararlanılması durumunda bilimsel normlara uygun olarak atıfta bulunulduğunu, tezin içerdiği yenilik ve sonuçların başka bir yerden alınmadığını, kullanılan verilerde herhangi bir tahrifat yapılmadığını, tezin herhangi bir kısmının bu üniversite veya başka bir üniversitedeki başka bir tez çalışması olarak sunulmadığını beyan ederim. Gülşah KESKİN Not: Bu tezde kullanılan özgün ve başka kaynaktan yapılan bildirişlerin, çizelge, şekil ve fotoğrafların kaynak gösterilmeden kullanımı, 5846 sayılı Fikir ve Sanat Eserleri Kanunundaki hükümlere tabidir. I ÖZET AġAĞI MELET IRMAĞI’NDA (ORDU) YAġAYAN Capoeta banarescui’NUN YAġ, BÜYÜME VE OTOLĠT ÖZELLĠKLERĠ GülĢah KESKĠN Ordu Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Biyoloji Anabilim Dalı, 2013 Yüksek Lisans Tezi, 131s. Danışman: Doç. Dr. Derya BOSTANCI Bu araştırmada, Melet Irmağı‟ndan Temmuz 2010 – Ekim 2012 tarihleri arasında yakalanan 247 adet Capoeta banarescui Turan, Kottelat, Ekmekçi & Imamoglu, 2006 bireyinin yaş ve eşey kompozisyonu, boy ve ağırlık dağılımları, yaş-boy, yaş- ağırlık, boy-ağırlık ilişkileri, kondisyon faktörü ve otolit biyometrisi incelenmiştir. Örneklerin % 67.6‟sı dişi, % 26.7‟si erkek, % 5.7‟sinin ise cinsiyeti belirlenememiş bireylerden oluşmaktadır. Dişi: erkek oranı 2.5:1 olarak saptanmıştır. Tüm bireylerin total boy ve ağırlıkları sırasıyla 8.1-21 cm ve 5.07-108.93 g arasında dağılım göstermektedir. Yaş tayininde kullanılabilecek en güvenilir kemiksi yapının belirlenmesi amacıyla pul, omur, asteriskus ve lapillus otolitleri alınmıştır.
  • Original Article the Impact of Manjil and Tarik Dams (Sefidroud River

    Original Article the Impact of Manjil and Tarik Dams (Sefidroud River

    Int. J. Aquat. Biol. (2013) 1(4): 195-201 E-ISSN: 2322-5270; P-ISSN: 2383-0956 Journal homepage: www.ij-aquaticbiology.com © 2013 Iranian Society of Ichthyology Original Article The impact of Manjil and Tarik dams (Sefidroud River, southern Caspian Sea basin) on morphological traits of Siah Mahi Capoeta gracilis (Pisces: Cyprinidae) Adeleh Heidari1, Hamed Mousavi-Sabet*1, Majidreza Khoshkholgh1, Hamid Reza Esmaeili2, Soheil Eagderi3 1Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Guilan, Sowmeh Sara, P.O. Box: 1144, Guilan, Iran. 2Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, Iran. 3Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran. Article history: Abstract: It has been postulated that the building of the Manjil and Tarik dams on Sefidroud River has Received 2 June 2013 led to the body shape variation of Capoeta gracilis in up- and downstream populations due to the Accepted 4 August 2013 isolation. In this study, Geometric morphometric approach was used to explore body shape variations Available online 21 August 2013 of Capoeta gracilis populations in up- and downstream Manjil and Tarik dams in Sefidroud River from south of the Caspian Sea basin. The shape of 90 individuals from three sampling sites were extracted Keywords: Capoeta gracilis by recording the 2-D coordinates of 13 landmark points. PCA, CVA, DFA and CA analysis were used Dam to examine shape differences among the populations. The significant differences were found among Geometric morphometrics the shape of the populations and these differences were observed in the snout, the caudal peduncle and Shape variation the head.
  • The Freshwater Fishes of Iran Redacted for Privacy Hs Tract Approved: Dr

    The Freshwater Fishes of Iran Redacted for Privacy Hs Tract Approved: Dr

    AN ABSTRPCT OF THE THESIS OF Neil Brant Anuantzout for the degree of Dcctor of Philosophy in Fisheries presented on 2 Title: The Freshwater Fishes of Iran Redacted for Privacy hs tract approved: Dr. Carl E. Bond The freshwater fish fauna of Iran is representedby 3 classes, 1 orders, 31 familIes, 90 genera, 269species and 58 subspecIes. This includes 8 orders, 10 families, 14 generaand 33 species with marine representatives that live at least partof the tixne in freshwater. Also included are one family, 7 genera,9 species and 4 subspecies introduced into Iran. Overhalf the species and nearly half the genera are in the family Cypririidae; over75% of the genera and species are in the orderCypriniformes. The fish fauna may be separated into threemajor groups. The largest and nst diverse is the Sannatian Fauna,which includes the Caspian Sea, Azerbaijan, Lake Bezaiyeh, Rhorasan,Isfahan, Dashte-Kavir, and the four subbasins of the Namak LakeBasins. Of the fish found in Iran, 14 of 31 earnilies, 48 of 90 genera,127 of 269 species and 46 of 58 subspecies are found in theSarmatian Fauna. Endemisa is low, and nstly expressed at the subspecific level.The fauna contains marine relicts from the Sannatian Sea and recentinmigrants with strong relationships to the fishes of Europe, the Black Seaand northern Asia. The marine relicts are absent outside the Caspian Sea Basin, where the fauna is best described as a depauperate extensionof the Caspian and Aral Sea faunas. The second major fauna is the Nesopotamian Fauna,and includes the Tigris and Euphrates river Basins, the Karun1iver Basin, and the Kol, nd, Maliarlu, Neyriz and Lar Basins.
  • T. C. Uludağ Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Türkiye Endemiği Siraz Baliği Capoeta Baliki (Turan, Kotte

    T. C. Uludağ Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Türkiye Endemiği Siraz Baliği Capoeta Baliki (Turan, Kotte

    T. C. ULUDAĞ ÜNİVERSİTESİ FEN BİLİMLERİ ENSTİTÜSÜ TÜRKİYE ENDEMİĞİ SİRAZ BALIĞI CAPOETA BALİKİ (TURAN, KOTTELAT, EKMEKÇİ & İMAMOĞLU, 2006) (CYPRINIFORMES: CYPRINIDAE) 'NİN HELMİNT FAUNASI MCEBO EMMANUEL MNISI TÜRKİYE ENDEMİĞİ SİRAZ BALIĞI CAPOETA BALİKİ (TURAN, KOTTELAT, EKMEKÇİ & İMAMOĞLU, 2006) (CYPRINIFORMES: CYPRINIDAE) 'NİN HELMİNT FAUNASI MCEBO EMMANUEL MNISI T. C. ULUDAĞ ÜNİVERSİTESİ FEN BİLİMLERİ ENSTİTÜSÜ TÜRKİYE ENDEMİĞİ SİRAZ BALIĞI CAPOETA BALIKİ (TURAN, KOTTELAT, EKMEKÇİ & İMAMOĞLU, 2006) (CYPRINIFORMES: CYPRINIDAE) 'NİN HELMİNT FAUNASI MCEBO EMMANUEL MNİSİ Prof. Dr. Hikmet S. YILDIRIMHAN (Danışman) YÜKSEK LİSANS TEZİ BİYOLOJİ ANABİLİM DALI BURSA- 2017 Her hakkı saklıdır ÖZET Yüksek Lisans Tezi TÜRKİYE ENDEMİĞİ SİRAZ BALIĞI, CAPOETA BALIKİ (TURAN, KOTTELAT, EKMEKÇİ & İMAMOĞLU, 2006) (CYPRINIFORMES: CYPRINIDAE) 'NİN HELMİNT FAUNASI MCEBO EMMANUEL MNİSİ Uludağ Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Biyoloji Anabilim Dalı Danışman: Prof. Dr. Hikmet Sami YILDIRIMHAN Şubat, Mart ve Nisan 2017 Ayları sırasında, 65 Siraz Balığı Capoeta baliki, Eskişehir'de Seydi Nehri'nden helmint parazitleri incelenmek üzere toplantı. Bu balıklardan 24’ünde helmint parazit raslanmıştır ve toplam 65 parazit gözlenmiştir. Kaydedilen bu parazitler 1 Digeanea; Allocreadium isoporomu ve 3 nematod türü; Contracaecum sp, Eustrongylides excisus ve Rabdochona denutata'dan oluşmaktadır. Allocreadium isoporom 12 balıkta (% 18.46) bulunmuştur. Balıkların% 12.31'ini oluşturan sekiz balık, Contracaecum sp., Eustrongylides excisus ve Rabdochona denutata ile enfekte