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Dictyotales: Phaeophyceae) in Argentina Based on Sequences from Mtdna and Cpdna and a Discussion of Its Posible Origin”, New Zealand Journal of Botany, 55(3), Pp

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Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, A.C. Posgrado en Ciencias del Agua “Evaluación de la diversidad de especies del género Dictyota mediante un análisis morfológico y morfométrico” Tesis que presenta Dalia Azuzena Uitzil Castañeda En opción al título de MAESTRA EN CIENCIAS DEL AGUA Cancún, Quintana Roo, México Junio, 2018 CENTRO DE INVESTIGACIÓN CIENTÍFICA DE YUCATÁN, A. C. POSGRADO EN CIENCIAS DEL AGUA RECONOCIMIENTO Por medio de la presente, hago constar que el trabajo de tesis de Dalia Azuzena Uitzil Castañeda titulado “Evaluación de la diversidad de especies del género Dictyota mediante un análisis morfológico y morfométrico” fue realizado en la Unidad de Ciencias del Agua, en la línea de Ecología y Dinámica de Ecosistemas Acuáticos, en el laboratorio de Ecología costera, del Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, A.C., bajo la dirección de la Dr. Antonio Almazán Becerril y la Dra. Ligia Collado Vides, perteneciente al Programa de Posgrado en Ciencias del Agua de este Centro. Atentamente. _______________________________ Dr. Manuel Martínez Estévez Director de Docencia Mérida, Yucatán, México, a 25 de Junio del 2018 Agradecimientos Mediante la presente deseo agradecer al Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT) por otorgarme la beca de Maestría (Número de becario 738444/ 598729) que me permitió llevar a cabo este trabajo. Al Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán A.C.(CICY) por permitirme el uso de las instalaciones y manejo de equipos de la Unidad de Ciencias del Agua (UCIA), en especial de los laboratorios de Ecología Costera y Biología Molecular, este último bajo la responsabilidad de la Dra. Cecilia Hernández Zepeda. Este trabajo fue realizado gracias al apoyo del proyecto de CONABIO número MQ001. Al Parque Nacional de Arrecifes de Puerto Morelos y el Parque Nacional de Isla Contoy por su accesibilidad para llevar a cabo lo muestreos necesarios para efectuar este trabajo. Agradezco infinitamente a mis directores de tesis el Dr. Antonio Almazán Becerril y la Dra. Ligia Collado Vides, por su apoyo, paciencia, empatía, consejos y dirección durante el desarrollo de este trabajo. Además de cultivar en mí la perseverancia y el pensamiento crítico. Teniendo presente que los pequeños detalles siempre son los más importantes. A los miembros de mi comité conformado por la Dra. Ana Tronholm Vera, Dra. Cecilia Hernández Zepeda y Dr. Gilberto Acosta González, que han brindado parte de su tiempo, experiencia y dedicación para revisar este trabajo. Así como contestar todas las dudas que surgieron en el proceso de aprendizaje. Deseo realizar un agradecimiento especial a los técnicos de la Unidad de Ciencia del Agua. En primer lugar al M. en C. Benjamín Delgado Pech quien me apoyo en todo momento para realizar los muestreos del presente trabajo y las actividades administrativas necesarias, así como por sus consejos y orientación en campo y laboratorio. A la M. en C. Gabriela Rosiles González por su paciencia, orientación, dedicación y persistencia, en el trabajo de laboratorio. Especialmente en esos momentos en los que no siempre salen las cosas como uno desea. Finalmente, a la Q. Daniela Ortega Camacho por su apoyo, consejos y disponibilidad en todo momento para auxiliarme con dudas que se presentaron durante el trabajo de laboratorio y por haberme facilitado el uso de algunos materiales. Dicho lo anterior, a los tres les agradezco su amistad y solidaridad. A mis profesores de Posgrado, la Dra. Laura Margarita Hernández Terrones, Dra. Cecilia Hernández Zepeda, Dra. Almendra Villela y Mendoza, Dr. Mario Rebolledo Vieyra y Dr. Jesús Alvarado Flores, quienes dedicaron su tiempo a compartir sus experiencias y conocimientos durante este proceso de formación profesional. Además, de enseñarme que todos los temas en este mundo del saber se relacionan en algún punto. Agradezco a mis compañeros de maestría, Teresa Dávalos Navarro, Carlos Eduardo Muñoz Cortes, Alicia Sosa Martínez, Nidia Ivonne Tobón Velázquez, María Fernanda Gastelú Barcena y Claudia Sayuri Montes Zaragoza quienes estuvieron conmigo en todo momento y que juntos formamos una pequeña familia. A mis amigas y compañeras de trabajo, la M. en C. Elda Damaris Irola Sensores, Jennifer Méndez López y Lucia Medrano Pech, por su completa disponibilidad para apoyarme en el trabajo de campo, por su compañía durante las horas en el microscopio, así como por ofrecerme siempre su ayuda en laboratorio. Gracias por compartir todas esas tazas de café antes de empezar las actividades del día. Asimismo, a mi gran amiga Diana Marbely Balbuena Chávez por su hospitalidad, porque son pocas las personas que te ofrecen su ayuda y apoyo incondicional, al poco de conocerte. Gracias por todo, ya que siempre la intensión es lo que cuenta. A mi familia por mostrarme que en la vida siempre hay cosas nuevas que conocer y aprender y que a pesar de las dificultades que se presenten nunca debes olvidar tú objetivo. Finalmente le agradezco a la Dra. Diana Susana Acosta Ramírez y Lic. Diana Morales Pech por ayudarme al inicio del Posgrado y su confianza otorgada. Dedicatoria Pour ma soeur et mon frére… La vie comme elle vient Índice Índice ................................................................................................................................ ii Lista de abreviaturas ....................................................................................................... iv Índice de tablas ............................................................................................................... 1 Índice de figuras .............................................................................................................. 4 Resumen ......................................................................................................................... 9 Abstract ......................................................................................................................... 10 Highlights ....................................................................................................................... 11 1 INTRODUCCIÓN ........................................................................................................ 12 2 ANTECEDENTES ...................................................................................................... 16 2.2 Clasificación taxonómica ...................................................................................... 24 2.3 Ciclo reproductivo de Dictyota Lamouroux ........................................................... 25 2.3.1 Alternancia isomórfica de generaciones ............................................................ 25 2.3.2 Reproducción vegetativa (Fragmentación) ........................................................ 26 2.4 Aspectos ecológicos del género Dictyota ............................................................. 27 3 JUSTIFICACIÓN ........................................................................................................ 28 4 HIPOTESIS ................................................................................................................ 28 5 OBJETIVOS ............................................................................................................... 28 5.1 Objetivo general ................................................................................................... 28 5.2 Objetivos específicos ........................................................................................... 28 6 ÁREA DE ESTUDIO ................................................................................................... 29 6.1 Parque Nacional Isla Contoy ............................................................................ 29 6.2 Parque Nacional Arrecife de Puerto Morelos ................................................... 29 6.3 Cancún ................................................................................................................. 30 7 MATERIALES Y METODOS ................................................................................... 32 7.1 Trabajo en campo............................................................................................. 32 7.2 Trabajo en laboratorio .......................................................................................... 34 7.2.1 Preservación de muestras ................................................................................. 34 7.2.2 Análisis morfológico y morfométrico .................................................................. 35 7.2.3 Análisis histológico ............................................................................................ 36 7.3 Trabajo de gabinete ............................................................................................. 41 7.3.1 Análisis estadísticos .......................................................................................... 41 8 RESULTADOS ........................................................................................................ 44 8. 1 Determinación de caracteres diagnósticos. ........................................................ 44 8.2 Descripción general y laminas representativas de las especies identificadas. ..... 69 8.3. Lista de especies del genero Dictyota localizados en la zona norte de Quintana Roo. .......................................................................................................................... 183 9 DISCUSIÓN .............................................................................................................. 184 10 CONCLUSIONES
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  • Morpho-Anatomy of Stypopodium Zonale (Phaeophycota) from the Coast of Karachi, Pakistan

    Morpho-Anatomy of Stypopodium Zonale (Phaeophycota) from the Coast of Karachi, Pakistan

    Pak. J. Bot., 46(4): 1495-1499, 2014. MORPHO-ANATOMY OF STYPOPODIUM ZONALE (PHAEOPHYCOTA) FROM THE COAST OF KARACHI, PAKISTAN ALIA ABBAS1 AND MUSTAFA SHAMEEL2 1Department of Botany, Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science and Technology, Gulshan-e-Iqbal, Karachi-7530, Pakistan 2Department of Botany, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan Abstract A brown alga Stypopodium zonale (Lamouroux) Papenfuss (Dictyotales) was collected from Manora and Buleji, the coastal areas near Karachi (Pakistan) during March 2006-April 2009 and investigated for its morphology, anatomy and reproductive structures. This is the first detailed study on the Pakistani specimens of this species from these points of view, where presence or absence of intercellular spaces, cell-wall thickness of different cells and structure of surface cells were examined. In this connection the apical, middle and basal parts of the thallus were investigated anatomically. Introduction Begum & Khatoon, 1988: 299; Shameel & Tanaka, 1992: 39; Nizamuddin & Aisha, 1996: 131; Silva et al., 1996: Stypopodium zonale is a greenish brown, fan-shaped 612; Begum, 2010: 284; Abbas & Shameel, 2012: 147. and flabellate alga which occasionally grows in the littoral poles exposed to lowest tide level at the seashore Morphological characters of Pakistan (Shameel & Tanaka, 1992). Its growth was first noticed at the coast of Karachi by Nizamuddin & Thalli greenish brown in colour, erect; 5–30 cm Perveen (1986) and later on others (Begum & Khatoon, long, 10–25 cm broad at the apex, 5–10 cm broad at the 1988; Nizamuddin & Aisha, 1996). Only preliminary middle and 2–4 cm broad at the base; fan-shaped and studies was made on this seaweed by these workers.