Resource Guide for Public Health Response to Harmful Algal Blooms in Florida
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Guidelines for Design and Sampling for Cyanobacterial Toxin and Taste-And-Odor Studies in Lakes and Reservoirs
Guidelines for Design and Sampling for Cyanobacterial Toxin and Taste-and-Odor Studies in Lakes and Reservoirs Scientific Investigations Report 2008–5038 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey Photo 1 Photo 3 Photo 2 Front cover. Photograph 1: Beach sign warning of the presence of a cyanobacterial bloom, June 29, 2006 (photograph taken by Jennifer L. Graham, U.S. Geological Survey). Photograph 2: Sampling a near-shore accumulation of Microcystis, August 8, 2006 (photograph taken by Jennifer L. Graham, U.S. Geological Survey). Photograph 3: Mixed bloom of Anabaena, Aphanizomenon, and Microcystis, August 10, 2006 (photograph taken by Jennifer L. Graham, U.S. Geological Survey). Background photograph: Near-shore accumulation of Microcystis, August 8, 2006 (photograph taken by Jennifer L. Graham, U.S. Geological Survey). Guidelines for Design and Sampling for Cyanobacterial Toxin and Taste-and-Odor Studies in Lakes and Reservoirs By Jennifer L. Graham, Keith A. Loftin, Andrew C. Ziegler, and Michael T. Meyer Scientific Investigations Report 2008–5038 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey U.S. Department of the Interior DIRK KEMPTHORNE, Secretary U.S. Geological Survey Mark D. Myers, Director U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia: 2008 For product and ordering information: World Wide Web: http://www.usgs.gov/pubprod Telephone: 1-888-ASK-USGS For more information on the USGS—the Federal source for science about the Earth, its natural and living resources, natural hazards, and the environment: World Wide Web: http://www.usgs.gov Telephone: 1-888-ASK-USGS Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. -
Clinical Biochemistry of Hepatotoxicity
linica f C l To o x l ic a o n r l o u g Singh, J Clinic Toxicol 2011, S:4 o y J Journal of Clinical Toxicology DOI: 10.4172/2161-0495.S4-001 ISSN: 2161-0495 ReviewResearch Article Article OpenOpen Access Access Clinical Biochemistry of Hepatotoxicity Anita Singh1, Tej K Bhat2 and Om P Sharma2* 1CSK Himachal Pradesh, Krishi Vishva Vidyalaya, Palampur (HP) 176 062, India 2Biochemistry Laboratory, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Regional Station, Palampur (HP) 176 061, India Abstract Liver plays a central role in the metabolism and excretion of xenobiotics which makes it highly susceptible to their adverse and toxic effects. Liver injury caused by various toxic chemicals or their reactive metabolites [hepatotoxicants) is known as hepatotoxicity. The present review describes the biotransformation of hepatotoxicants and various models used to study hepatotoxicity. It provides an overview of pathological and biochemical mechanism involved during hepatotoxicity together with alteration of clinical biochemistry during liver injury. The review has been supported by a list of important hepatotoxicants as well as common hepatoprotective herbs. Keywords: Hepatotoxicity; Hepatotoxicant; In Vivo models; In Vitro production of bile thus leading to the body’s inability to flush out the models; Pathology; Alanine aminotransferase; Alkaline phosphatase; chemicals through waste. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum of the liver is Bilirubin; Hepatoprotective the principal ‘metabolic clearing house’ for both endogenous chemicals like cholesterol, steroid hormones, fatty acids and proteins, and Introduction exogenous substances like drugs and alcohol. The central role played by liver in the clearance and transformation of chemicals exposes it to Hepatotoxicity refers to liver dysfunction or liver damage that is toxic injury [4]. -
Cyanobacterial Bioactive Molecules — an Overview of Their Toxic Properties
701 REVIEW / SYNTHE` SE Cyanobacterial bioactive molecules — an overview of their toxic properties Pranita Jaiswal, Pawan Kumar Singh, and Radha Prasanna Abstract: Allelopathic interactions involving cyanobacteria are being increasingly explored for the pharmaceutical and en- vironmental significance of the bioactive molecules. Among the toxic compounds produced by cyanobacteria, the biosyn- thetic pathways, regulatory mechanisms, and genes involved are well understood, in relation to biotoxins, whereas the cytotoxins are less investigated. A range of laboratory methods have been developed to detect and identify biotoxins in water as well as the causal organisms; these methods vary greatly in their degree of sophistication and the information they provide. Direct molecular probes are also available to detect and (or) differentiate toxic and nontoxic species from en- vironmental samples. This review collates the information available on the diverse types of toxic bioactive molecules pro- duced by cyanobacteria and provides pointers for effective exploitation of these biologically and industrially significant prokaryotes. Key words: cyanobacteria, bioactive molecules, cyanotoxins, NRP (non-ribosomal peptide), biocontrol agent. Re´sume´ : Les effets alle´lopathiques des cyoanobacte´ries sont de plus en explore´s pour identifier les mole´cules bioactives importantes d’un point de vue pharmaceutique ou environnemental. Parmi les compose´s toxiques produits par les cyano- bacte´ries, les biotoxines sont bien connues quant aux voies, aux me´canismes re´gulateurs et aux ge`nes implique´s dans leur biosynthe`se, alors que les cytotoxines sont moins e´tudie´es. Une varie´te´ de me´thodes de laboratoire ont e´te´ de´veloppe´es afin de de´tecter et d’identifier les biotoxines de l’eau et les agents qui en sont responsables; elles diffe`rent grandement quant a` leur degre´ de sophistication et a` l’information qu’elles ge´ne`rent. -
Final NASPS Newsletter V2I2 Cover
North American Sturgeon and Paddlefish Society THE LIVING FOSSIL Volume 2 ISSUE 2 | SEPTEMBER 2015 IN THIS ISSUE Society updates MEETING DETAILS Student travel awards AWARD WINNERS In the news FISHING, RESEARCH, AND REGULATIONS Scaphirhynchus spotlight SHOVELNOSE STURGEON 70+ years of managing a successful Lake Sturgeon fishery WINNEBAGO SYSTEM OSHKOSH 2015! LAKE STURGEON 72 PRESENTATIONS Feature Article: Highlighting sturgeon and 19 POSTERS paddlefish recovery teams 3 WORKSHOPS SOUNDS SHED LIGHT ON 4 FORUM DISCUSSIONS GULF STURGEON SOCIALS, BANQUET & MORE! AND THEIR HABITATS NASPS MISSION STATEMENT The North American Sturgeon and Paddlefish Society (NASPS) was founded in 2012 at the Annual Meeting of the American Fisheries Society in St. Paul, MN, and is the North American affiliate of the World Sturgeon Conservation Society. Seeking to address current declines in sturgeon and paddlefish populations across North America, NASPS is dedicated to promoting the conservation and restoration of these species by developing and advancing research pertaining to their biology, management, and utilization. Distributing scientific, cultural, and historical information related to sturgeon and paddlefish in North America and encouraging the inclusion of sturgeon and paddlefish fisheries science in college and continuing education curricula is critical to achieving these objectives. As such, NASPS recognizes the importance of engaging NASPS members, local, national, and international government organizations, educational institutions, non-governmental -
University of Oklahoma
UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA GRADUATE COLLEGE MACRONUTRIENTS SHAPE MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES, GENE EXPRESSION AND PROTEIN EVOLUTION A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE FACULTY in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY By JOSHUA THOMAS COOPER Norman, Oklahoma 2017 MACRONUTRIENTS SHAPE MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES, GENE EXPRESSION AND PROTEIN EVOLUTION A DISSERTATION APPROVED FOR THE DEPARTMENT OF MICROBIOLOGY AND PLANT BIOLOGY BY ______________________________ Dr. Boris Wawrik, Chair ______________________________ Dr. J. Phil Gibson ______________________________ Dr. Anne K. Dunn ______________________________ Dr. John Paul Masly ______________________________ Dr. K. David Hambright ii © Copyright by JOSHUA THOMAS COOPER 2017 All Rights Reserved. iii Acknowledgments I would like to thank my two advisors Dr. Boris Wawrik and Dr. J. Phil Gibson for helping me become a better scientist and better educator. I would also like to thank my committee members Dr. Anne K. Dunn, Dr. K. David Hambright, and Dr. J.P. Masly for providing valuable inputs that lead me to carefully consider my research questions. I would also like to thank Dr. J.P. Masly for the opportunity to coauthor a book chapter on the speciation of diatoms. It is still such a privilege that you believed in me and my crazy diatom ideas to form a concise chapter in addition to learn your style of writing has been a benefit to my professional development. I’m also thankful for my first undergraduate research mentor, Dr. Miriam Steinitz-Kannan, now retired from Northern Kentucky University, who was the first to show the amazing wonders of pond scum. Who knew that studying diatoms and algae as an undergraduate would lead me all the way to a Ph.D. -
Toxicity Equivalence Factors for Marine Biotoxins Associated with Bivalve Molluscs TECHNICAL PAPER
JOINT FAO/WHO Toxicity Equivalency Factors for Marine Biotoxins Associated with Bivalve Molluscs TECHNICAL PAPER Cover photograph: © FAOemergencies JOINT FAO/WHO Toxicity equivalence factors for marine biotoxins associated with bivalve molluscs TECHNICAL PAPER FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION ROME, 2016 Recommended citation: FAO/WHO. 2016. Technical paper on Toxicity Equivalency Factors for Marine Biotoxins Associated with Bivalve Molluscs. Rome. 108 pp. The designations employed and the presentation of material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) or of the World Health Organization (WHO) concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Dotted lines on maps represent approximate border lines for which there may not yet be full agreement. The mention of specific companies or products of manufacturers, whether or not these have been patented, does not imply that these are or have been endorsed or recommended by FAO or WHO in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. Errors and omissions excepted, the names of proprietary products are distinguished by initial capital letters. All reasonable precautions have been taken by FAO and WHO to verify the information contained in this publication. However, the published material is being distributed without warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied. The responsibility for the interpretation and use of the material lies with the reader. In no event shall FAO and WHO be liable for damages arising from its use. -
Protocols for Monitoring Harmful Algal Blooms for Sustainable Aquaculture and Coastal Fisheries in Chile (Supplement Data)
Protocols for monitoring Harmful Algal Blooms for sustainable aquaculture and coastal fisheries in Chile (Supplement data) Provided by Kyoko Yarimizu, et al. Table S1. Phytoplankton Naming Dictionary: This dictionary was constructed from the species observed in Chilean coast water in the past combined with the IOC list. Each name was verified with the list provided by IFOP and online dictionaries, AlgaeBase (https://www.algaebase.org/) and WoRMS (http://www.marinespecies.org/). The list is subjected to be updated. Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species Ochrophyta Bacillariophyceae Achnanthales Achnanthaceae Achnanthes Achnanthes longipes Bacillariophyta Coscinodiscophyceae Coscinodiscales Heliopeltaceae Actinoptychus Actinoptychus spp. Dinoflagellata Dinophyceae Gymnodiniales Gymnodiniaceae Akashiwo Akashiwo sanguinea Dinoflagellata Dinophyceae Gymnodiniales Gymnodiniaceae Amphidinium Amphidinium spp. Ochrophyta Bacillariophyceae Naviculales Amphipleuraceae Amphiprora Amphiprora spp. Bacillariophyta Bacillariophyceae Thalassiophysales Catenulaceae Amphora Amphora spp. Cyanobacteria Cyanophyceae Nostocales Aphanizomenonaceae Anabaenopsis Anabaenopsis milleri Cyanobacteria Cyanophyceae Oscillatoriales Coleofasciculaceae Anagnostidinema Anagnostidinema amphibium Anagnostidinema Cyanobacteria Cyanophyceae Oscillatoriales Coleofasciculaceae Anagnostidinema lemmermannii Cyanobacteria Cyanophyceae Oscillatoriales Microcoleaceae Annamia Annamia toxica Cyanobacteria Cyanophyceae Nostocales Aphanizomenonaceae Aphanizomenon Aphanizomenon flos-aquae -
The Toxic Dinoflagellate Alexandrium Minutum Impairs the Performance Of
The toxic dinoflagellate Alexandrium minutum impairs the performance of oyster embryos and larvae Justine Castrec, Helene Hegaret, Matthias Huber, Jacqueline Le Grand, Arnaud Huvet, Kevin Tallec, Myrina Boulais, Philippe Soudant, Caroline Fabioux To cite this version: Justine Castrec, Helene Hegaret, Matthias Huber, Jacqueline Le Grand, Arnaud Huvet, et al.. The toxic dinoflagellate Alexandrium minutum impairs the performance of oyster embryos and larvae. Harmful Algae, Elsevier, 2020, 92, pp.101744. 10.1016/j.hal.2020.101744. hal-02879884 HAL Id: hal-02879884 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02879884 Submitted on 24 Jun 2020 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. 1 The toxic dinoflagellate Alexandrium minutum impairs the performance of oyster 2 embryos and larvae 3 Justine Castrec1, Hélène Hégaret1, Matthias Huber2, Jacqueline Le Grand2, Arnaud Huvet2, 4 Kevin Tallec2, Myrina Boulais1, Philippe Soudant1, and Caroline Fabioux1. 5 1 Univ Brest, CNRS, IRD, Ifremer, LEMAR, F-29280 Plouzane, France 6 2 Ifremer, Univ Brest, CNRS, IRD, LEMAR, F-29280 Plouzane, France 7 * Corresponding author: [email protected] 8 Abstract 9 The dinoflagellate genus Alexandrium comprises species that produce highly potent 10 neurotoxins known as paralytic shellfish toxins (PST), and bioactive extracellular compounds 11 (BEC) of unknown structure and ecological significance. -
Harmful Algae 91 (2020) 101587
Harmful Algae 91 (2020) 101587 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Harmful Algae journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/hal Review Progress and promise of omics for predicting the impacts of climate change T on harmful algal blooms Gwenn M.M. Hennona,c,*, Sonya T. Dyhrmana,b,* a Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, NY, United States b Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States c College of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences University of Alaska Fairbanks Fairbanks, AK, United States ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords: Climate change is predicted to increase the severity and prevalence of harmful algal blooms (HABs). In the past Genomics twenty years, omics techniques such as genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics have trans- Transcriptomics formed that data landscape of many fields including the study of HABs. Advances in technology have facilitated Proteomics the creation of many publicly available omics datasets that are complementary and shed new light on the Metabolomics mechanisms of HAB formation and toxin production. Genomics have been used to reveal differences in toxicity Climate change and nutritional requirements, while transcriptomics and proteomics have been used to explore HAB species Phytoplankton Harmful algae responses to environmental stressors, and metabolomics can reveal mechanisms of allelopathy and toxicity. In Cyanobacteria this review, we explore how omics data may be leveraged to improve predictions of how climate change will impact HAB dynamics. We also highlight important gaps in our knowledge of HAB prediction, which include swimming behaviors, microbial interactions and evolution that can be addressed by future studies with omics tools. Lastly, we discuss approaches to incorporate current omics datasets into predictive numerical models that may enhance HAB prediction in a changing world. -
Cyanobacterial Toxins: Saxitoxins
WHO/SDE/WSH/xxxxx English only Cyanobacterial toxins: Saxitoxins Background document for development of WHO Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality and Guidelines for Safe Recreational Water Environments Version for Public Review Nov 2019 © World Health Organization 20XX Preface Information on cyanobacterial toxins, including saxitoxins, is comprehensively reviewed in a recent volume to be published by the World Health Organization, “Toxic Cyanobacteria in Water” (TCiW; Chorus & Welker, in press). This covers chemical properties of the toxins and information on the cyanobacteria producing them as well as guidance on assessing the risks of their occurrence, monitoring and management. In contrast, this background document focuses on reviewing the toxicological information available for guideline value derivation and the considerations for deriving the guideline values for saxitoxin in water. Sections 1-3 and 8 are largely summaries of respective chapters in TCiW and references to original studies can be found therein. To be written by WHO Secretariat Acknowledgements To be written by WHO Secretariat 5 Abbreviations used in text ARfD Acute Reference Dose bw body weight C Volume of drinking water assumed to be consumed daily by an adult GTX Gonyautoxin i.p. intraperitoneal i.v. intravenous LOAEL Lowest Observed Adverse Effect Level neoSTX Neosaxitoxin NOAEL No Observed Adverse Effect Level P Proportion of exposure assumed to be due to drinking water PSP Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning PST paralytic shellfish toxin STX saxitoxin STXOL saxitoxinol -
Harmful Algal Blooms (Habs) Program Guide
HARMFUL ALGAL BLOOMS (HABS) PROGRAM GUIDE www.dec.ny.gov Contents List of Tables ....................................................................................................................ii List of Figures ...................................................................................................................ii Abbreviations and Acronyms ........................................................................................... iii 1. Executive Summary ................................................................................................. 1 2. Introduction .............................................................................................................. 2 2.1. Purpose of this Document ............................................................................... 2 2.2. Scope, Jurisdiction and Audience ................................................................... 2 2.3. Background ..................................................................................................... 2 2.4. Agency Responsibilities .................................................................................. 4 3. DEC Bloom Status Designation in New York ........................................................... 8 3.1. Bloom Status Criteria ...................................................................................... 8 3.2. Threshold Development ................................................................................ 12 3.3. Cyanotoxins and Other Harmful Compounds .............................................. -
Occurrence of a Cyanobacterial Neurotoxin, Anatoxin-A, in New
OCCURRENCE OF THE CYANOBACTERIAL NEUROTOXIN, ANATOXIN-A, IN NEW YORK STATE WATERS by Xingye Yang A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Doctor of Philosophy Degree State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry Syracuse, New York January 2007 Approved: Faculty of Chemistry ---------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------ Gregory L. Boyer, Major Professor William Shields, Chairperson, Examination Committee ------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------- John P. Hassett, Faculty Chair Dudley J. Raynal, Dean, Instruction and Graduate Studies UMI Number: 3290535 Copyright 2008 by Yang, Xingye All rights reserved. UMI Microform 3290535 Copyright 2008 by ProQuest Information and Learning Company. All rights reserved. This microform edition is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. ProQuest Information and Learning Company 300 North Zeeb Road P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, MI 48106-1346 Acknowledgements I would like to express my sincerest gratitude to Dr. Gregory L. Boyer, my major professor and academic advisor for his guidance, support, and assistance over the past years. He has provided me with invaluable knowledge and skills. I thank Dr. David J. Kieber for his advice and instrument support. I acknowledge Dr. John P. Hassett for his support on both my research and my career. I appreciate Dr. Francis X. Webster for his help on chemical characterization. I thank Dr. James P. Nakas for advice on my career development. Thanks are also due to Dr. William Shields for serving as chairman of this examination committee. I appreciate critical reviews and comments on the thesis from all the examiners on this committee. I would like to thank Dr. Israel Cabasso and Dr.