DOCSLIB.ORG

County Roscommon Folklore & Oral History Collection 2006-2016

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
County Roscommon Folklore & Oral History Collection 2006-2016 funeral Chalk wages customs LENT Sunday and Clann na Straw LAND oats Fox Hunting Fox The Auld Auld The Boneshaker Poblachta Boys CURES COMMISSION Blacksmith Selling eggs & butter Poteen Carnivals Matchmaking COUNTY ROSCOMMON Folklore & Oral History Collection 2006-2016 Dances Vestment Box Bord na Mona Ploughing WAKES Black & Tans with horses Country Women MEITHEAL in Pubs for threshing Scramogue Ambush House FAMINE The Truce Banshee Political Meetings Rambling Floods Markievicz Houses The Troubles Railway GAA Fair Day Rural Electrification MAKING THE REEK The Wedding Drive LAMPLIGHTER County Roscommon Folklore & Oral History Network Black & Tans Chalk wages MEITHEAL Sunday and for threshingMessage from Roscommon County Council Chief ExecutiveLAND oats Fox Hunting Fox Rambling Floods COMMISSION Blacksmith The County Library Service and Matchmakingthe Heritage Office of Roscommon GAA County HousesCouncil are proud supporters of the work of the County Roscommon Folklore & Oral History Network since 2006 when the Network was established. This project affords Roscommon Custom County Council an opportunity to work in co-operation with interested people to support our heritage and culture, and funeralenhance the quality of life of people in the county, by providing Chalk this customs fantastic resource for futureLENT generations to enjoy. Sunday OverStraw the past ten years a uniqueClann collection of storiesna about life in Roscommon has been collected from all corners of the county. LAND Every year, during National Heritage Week, new additions to the The Auld Auld The Boneshaker Poblachta collectionBoys have been added.CURES The collection has grown and COMMISSION developed over the years, with the addition of video footage, Sellingkindly donated eggs by Seán Browne, & from butter his archive. The lives and Poteen Carnivals Matchmaking stories recounted in the collection provide a great insight into times gone by and how people livedVestment their lives and Box went about Dancestheir business over the past 100 years. Bord na Mona PloughingIn this centenary year, we have highlighted interviews in the collection which have particular WAKESinterest in terms of their insight intowith the period horses 1916-1926 as viewed through the eyes of those interviewed. Women Country i Eugene Cummins, n Pubs Chief Executive, Roscommon County Council Scramogue Ambush House FAMINE The Truce Political MeetingsBanshee Markievicz The Troubles Railway Fair Day Rural Electrification MAKING THE REEK The Wedding Drive LAMPLIGHTER Black & Tans Chalk wages MEITHEAL Sunday and for threshingOther folklore collections in the county... LAND oats Fox Hunting Fox Rambling Floods COMMISSION Blacksmith The County Roscommon FolkloreMatchmaking and Oral History collection is GAA the first Housesmajor collection of folklore and oral history to encompass the whole county since the Schools Folklore Collection which was carried out in the years 1937/8. The schools collection of Custom folklore is available in the County Library and on www.duchas.ie. funeralJames “Jim” Delaney, who lived in Kiltoom, spent more than 30 Chalk years customs gathering tales of the life,LENT lore and traditions of the people throughout Roscommon but the concentration of his work was Sunday inStraw the south of the county. His workClann is now housed na at the National Folklore Collection in University College Dublin (UCD). LAND Dr Bairbre Ní Fhloinn, lecturer in Irish Foklore in UCD has The Auld Auld The Boneshaker Poblachta pointedBoys out that “His work wasCURES of particular importance because COMMISSION he documented the richness of tradition in the midlands, that Sellinggreat storehouse eggs that very often & goes butter completely unrecognised.” Poteen Carnivals Matchmaking Dr. Douglas Hyde was a significantVestment collector of folklore Box in Co. DancesRoscommon and many of his collections were published inBord both na Mona PloughingIrish and English. Likewise, Sir William Wilde collectedWAKES folk tales and superstitions fromwith his boyhood horses spent in Roscommon. They were published as Irish popular superstitions. Women Country in Pubs Scramogue Ambush House FAMINE The Truce Political MeetingsBanshee Markievicz The Troubles Railway Fair Day Rural Electrification MAKING THE REEK The Wedding Drive LAMPLIGHTER Black & Tans Chalk wages MEITHEAL Sunday and for threshingIntroduction to County Roscommon Folklore & Oral LANDHistory Networkoats Fox Hunting Fox Rambling Floods COMMISSION Blacksmith County Roscommon Folklore andMatchmaking Oral History Network is a GAA group ofHouses interested individuals who came together to take part in a Folklore & Oral History training project which was being run by the Heritage Office of Roscommon County Council back Custom in 2005. The training project, under the direction of Anne Ridge, covered all aspects of recording folklore and oral history. Initially funeralolder people, in particular, were recorded so that their knowledge Chalk would customs not be lost. The recordingsLENT were then transferred to CD and transcribed. The interviewees and their families were given Sunday aStraw CD of the recording and theirClann consent was obtained na before the material was given to the County Library. LAND The Auld Auld The Boneshaker Poblachta AllBoys interviews are carried outCURES in accordance with best practice COMMISSION guidelines. Every year, since 2006, we have added new recordings Sellingto our collection eggs and we are proud& tobutter celebrate over ten years of Poteen Carnivals Matchmaking collecting Folklore and Oral History in the county. All interviewers and interviewees give their time freelyVestment and with great Box enthusiasm. DancesRoscommon County Council works in partnership with usBord in na Mona terms of administrative support, transcription and presenting Ploughingour collection to the public throughWAKES the County Library Service, aswith an action horses of the County Roscommon Heritage Plan. We hope you enjoy the collection. Women CountryJames Dockery, Chairperson, County Roscommon in Pubs Folklore and Oral History Network Scramogue Ambush House FAMINE The Truce Political MeetingsBanshee Markievicz The Troubles Railway Fair Day Rural Electrification MAKING THE REEK The Wedding Drive LAMPLIGHTER Black & Tans Chalk wages MEITHEAL Sunday and for threshingWho we are and what we do... LAND oats Fox Hunting Fox Rambling Floods COMMISSION Blacksmith County Roscommon Folklore andMatchmaking Oral History Network are GAA volunteers Houses who interview and record people with interesting stories to tell about their life. Their stories shed light on times gone past - ways of working, travelling, socialising, communicating,Custom learning, playing, praying, cooking, farming and much more. funeralThese stories may be familiar to many of us of now, but we must Chalk remember customs in a few short years LENTthese stories will be a revelation to future generations who have grown up with electricity, cars, Sunday mobileStraw phone, wi-fi and socialClann media. Can they na possibly imagine life as it was lived in the county over the past 100 years or so? LAND This collection has much to teach future generations. The Auld Auld The Boneshaker Poblachta Boys CURES COMMISSION County Roscommon Folklore and Oral History Network simply Selling identifies peopleeggs who they feel& have butter an interesting story to tell. Poteen Carnivals Matchmaking The interviewer is introduced to the person if they do not know them. If people agree to being interviewedVestment they visit Box them in their Danceshomes and have a chat with them. This chat or ‘interview’Bord is na Mona recorded and put on to CD. The CD is left back with the Ploughinginterviewee for them to listen to and see that they are happy with their interview. If they want anythingWAKES edited out of the interview, thiswith can be horses done for them. When they are happy with the interview, and oral consent is given, it is added to Womenthe collection. At that stage Countryit is sent for transcription. The transcription is checked and corrections made if necessary. Once thei recordingn Pubs and transcription are in order, the interview can be uploaded to the collection. Scramogue Ambush House FAMINE The Truce The collection is available, free, to theBanshee public via the County PoliticalLibrary Service, during Meetings library opening hours. Markievicz The Troubles Railway Fair Day Rural Electrification MAKING THE REEK The Wedding Drive LAMPLIGHTER Black & Tans Chalk wages MEITHEAL Sunday and for threshingWhere to hear the interviews and watch the videos LAND oats Fox Hunting Fox Rambling Floods COMMISSION Blacksmith To access the collection, just askMatchmaking for it at any library in the county. GAA Library Housesstaff will get you set up at a computer and show you how to access the collection. It is simple so don’t worry. Make yourself comfortable, put the headphones on and listen to the recordings Custom and watch the videos to your heart’s content! funeral Chalk Aim customs of this booklet LENT This booklet aims to spread the word about our collection. Sunday WhoStraw has been recorded? Clann na Where are they from? LAND Who recorded them and when was the recording made? The Auld Auld The Boneshaker Poblachta WhatBoys do the interviewees talkCURES about? COMMISSION What might I hear that I didn’t hear before? Selling eggs & butter Poteen Carnivals Matchmaking This booklet captures the collection as it stands in 2016. DancesWe hope it will continue to growVestment and expand. Box Bord na
Load more

Recommended publications
  • 2015 County Roscommon Ballyfarnon
    Tidy Towns Competition 2015 Adjudication Report Centre: Ballyfarnon Ref: 291 County: Roscommon Mark: 296 Category: B Date(s): 25/06/2015 Maximum Mark Mark Mark Awarded 2014 Awarded 2015 Community Involvement & Planning 60 42 42 Built Environment and Streetscape 50 39 40 Landscaping and Open Spaces 50 40 40 Wildlife, Habitats and Natural Amenities 50 28 30 Sustainable Waste and Resource Management 50 18 20 Tidiness and Litter Control 90 61 62 Residential Streets & Housing Areas 50 28 28 Approach Roads, Streets & Lanes 50 33 34 TOTAL MARK 450 289 296 Community Involvement & Planning / Rannpháirtíocht an Phobail & Pleanáil: Ballyfarnon is most welcome to the 2015 Tidy Towns competition. Many thanks for your application form with additional information. There are a number of easy ways in which you could enhance the presentation of your application form. In the first instance it is recommended that you use the electronic form over the hardcopy. This will give you all the space you need to describe your projects clearly and succinctly. The second point is to do with your additional information. The adjudicator welcomes the use of photos but these should be limited in number and be specifically related to projects undertaken. It is best to leave long descriptions out in favour brief captions which refer back to the application form. If presenting before and after photographs one of each is quite sufficient. Your additional information was tied together rather loosely in four different collections and this presented the adjudicator with a rather unwieldy volume of material. You could use a small ring binder or, better still, insert the photos digitally into the application form, thereby eliminating the need for loose pages.
    [Show full text]
  • GAA Oral History Project Interview Report Form
    REFERENCE NO. LD/1/15 GAA Oral History Project Interview Report Form Name of Arlene Crampsie Interviewer Date of Interview 17th Nov 2010 Location Interviewee’s home, Lanesborough, Co. Longford Name of John Duggan Interviewee (Maiden name / Nickname) Biographical Summary of Interviewee Gender Male Born Year Born: 1934 Home County: Longford Education Primary: Killashee NS, Co. Longford; Lanesborough NS, Co. Longford Secondary: Longford Vocational School, Co. Longford Third Level: Kilroy’s Correspondence College; Garda Training, Phoenix Park Family Siblings: 3 brothers & 2 sisters Current Family if Different: 3 sons and 3 daughters Club(s) St. Brigid’s, Killashee [Longford]; Glenamaddy [Galway] Occupation Retired Garda; Broadcaster; Recitation Writing Parents’ Farmers Occupation Religion Roman Catholic Political Affiliation / N/A Membership Other Club/Society Secretary of Community Council; Chairman of Social Membership(s) Services; Chairman of Active Retirement Group Claremorris 1 REFERENCE NO. LD/1/15 Date of Report 12th July 2012 Period Covered 1940s – 2010 Counties/Countries Longford, Roscommon, Dublin, Galway Covered Key Themes Travel, Supporting, Grounds, Facilities, Playing, Training, Covered Administration, Celebrations, Commiserations, Sponsorship, Material Culture, Education, Religion, Media, Role of Clergy, Role of Teachers, Role of Women, Role of the Club in the Community, Volunteers, Identity, Irish Language, Culture, Scór, All-Ireland, Club History, Irish History, Earliest Memories, Childhood, Impact on Life, Career, Northern Ireland, Ban on Foreign Games and Dances, The Troubles, Opening of Croke Park, Relationship with the Association, Professionalism, Retirement, Socialising, Purchase of Grounds, Economy/Economics Interview Summary John talks about his involvement in the GAA over the years from playing with Killashee in Longford and Crumlin in Dublin to his administrative role in Glenamaddy in Galway.
    [Show full text]
  • Irish History Links
    Irish History topics pulled together by Dan Callaghan NC AOH Historian in 2014 Athenry Castle; http://www.irelandseye.com/aarticles/travel/attractions/castles/Galway/athenry.shtm Brehon Laws of Ireland; http://www.libraryireland.com/Brehon-Laws/Contents.php February 1, in ancient Celtic times, it was the beginning of Spring and later became the feast day for St. Bridget; http://www.chalicecentre.net/imbolc.htm May 1, Begins the Celtic celebration of Beltane, May Day; http://wicca.com/celtic/akasha/beltane.htm. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ February 14, 269, St. Valentine, buried in Dublin; http://homepage.eircom.net/~seanjmurphy/irhismys/valentine.htm March 17, 461, St. Patrick dies, many different reports as to the actual date exist; http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/11554a.htm Dec. 7, 521, St. Columcille is born, http://prayerfoundation.org/favoritemonks/favorite_monks_columcille_columba.htm January 23, 540 A.D., St. Ciarán, started Clonmacnoise Monastery; http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04065a.htm May 16, 578, Feast Day of St. Brendan; http://parish.saintbrendan.org/church/story.php June 9th, 597, St. Columcille, dies at Iona; http://www.irishcultureandcustoms.com/ASaints/Columcille.html Nov. 23, 615, Irish born St. Columbanus dies, www.newadvent.org/cathen/04137a.htm July 8, 689, St. Killian is put to death; http://allsaintsbrookline.org/celtic_saints/killian.html October 13, 1012, Irish Monk and Bishop St. Colman dies; http://www.stcolman.com/ Nov. 14, 1180, first Irish born Bishop of Dublin, St. Laurence O'Toole, dies, www.newadvent.org/cathen/09091b.htm June 7, 1584, Arch Bishop Dermot O'Hurley is hung by the British for being Catholic; http://www.exclassics.com/foxe/dermot.htm 1600 Sept.
    [Show full text]
  • Identity, Authority and Myth-Making: Politically-Motivated Prisoners and the Use of Music During the Northern Irish Conflict, 1962 - 2000
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Queen Mary Research Online Identity, authority and myth-making: Politically-motivated prisoners and the use of music during the Northern Irish conflict, 1962 - 2000 Claire Alexandra Green Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy 1 I, Claire Alexandra Green, confirm that the research included within this thesis is my own work or that where it has been carried out in collaboration with, or supported by others, that this is duly acknowledged below and my contribution indicated. Previously published material is also acknowledged below. I attest that I have exercised reasonable care to ensure that the work is original, and does not to the best of my knowledge break any UK law, infringe any third party’s copyright or other Intellectual Property Right, or contain any confidential material. I accept that the College has the right to use plagiarism detection software to check the electronic version of the thesis. I confirm that this thesis has not been previously submitted for the award of a degree by this or any other university. The copyright of this thesis rests with the author and no quotation from it or information derived from it may be published without the prior written consent of the author. Signature: Date: 29/04/19 Details of collaboration and publications: ‘It’s All Over: Romantic Relationships, Endurance and Loyalty in the Songs of Northern Irish Politically-Motivated Prisoners’, Estudios Irlandeses, 14, 70-82. 2 Abstract. In this study I examine the use of music by and in relation to politically-motivated prisoners in Northern Ireland, from the mid-1960s until 2000.
    [Show full text]
  • A Short History of Irish Memory in the Long Twentieth Century
    Thomas Bartlett (ed.), The Cambridge History of Ireland Irish Memory in the Long Twentieth Century (Cambridge, 2018), vol. IV: 1800 to Present would later be developed by his disciple Maurice Halbwachs, who coined the term collective memory ('la memoire collective'). By calling attention to the social frameworks in which memory is framed ('les cadres sociaux de la 23 · memoire'), Halbwachs presented a sound theoretical model for understand­ ing how individual members of a society collectively remember their past. 3 A Short History of Irish Memory in The impression that modernisation had uprooted people from tradition and the Long Twentieth Century that mass society suffered from atomised impersonality gave birth to a vogue GUY BEINER for commemoration, which was seen as a fundamental act of communal soli­ darity, in that it projected an illusion of continuity with the past.4 Ireland, outside of Belfast, did not undergo industrialisation on a scale comparable with England, and yet Irish society was not spared the upheaval On the cusp of the twentieth century; Ireland was obsessed with memoriali­ of modernity. The Great Famine had decimated vernacular Gaelic culture sation. This condition reflected a transnational zeitgeist that was indicative of and resulted in massive emigration. An Irish variant of fin de siecle angst over a crisis of memory throughout Europe. The outcome of rapid modernisa­ degeneration fed on apprehensions that British rule would ultimately result tion, manifested through changes ushered in by such far-reaching processes in the loss of 'native' identity. The perceived threat to national culture, artic­ as industrialisation, urbanisation, commercialisation and migration, raised ulated in Douglas Hyde's manifesto on 'The Necessity for De-Anglicising fears that the rituals and customs through which the past had been habitually Ireland' (1892), stimulated a vigorous response in the form of the Irish Revival remembered in the countryside were destined to be swept away.
    [Show full text]
  • GAA Newsletter February 2017
    FEBRUARY 2017 NUACHTLITIRFEABHRA 2017 FOR NEWS, VIDEOS AND FIXTURES www.gaa.ie Football Hurling Club General CONGRESS CHANGES WILL ENERGISE FOOTBALL CHAMPIONSHIP AND HELP, NOT HINDER CLUBS he decision to pass a series of historic motions at Congress to change the senior football championship and alter the entire inter-county season will have a positive Timpact on club players and the quality of their games programme. A ‘modest’ change put forward by the GAA’s • The commitment to playing the All- Ard Comhairle will now begin the job of Ireland senior hurling and football finals proving itself. before the end of August Above: The top table at GAA Congress Its success will be built – not only on the aim The changes have been voted in on a three- of having more excitement involving the year trial basis which will begin in 2018. best teams in the football championship, but also by providing a definite, clear window for The new qualifier group is only the second clubs to play important games. time in the history of the GAA since the All- Ireland football championship began in 1887 The GAA inter-county season has been cut that there has been a significant change in by three weeks with most counties finishing the format of the competition. a month earlier than at present and with the entire month of September handed back It’s a move that is in a direct response to the to them to play games free of inter-county sustained chorus of calls from across the infringement. Association to address the race for the Sam Maguire and the fact that it was in need of a Delegates at Congress 2017 in Croke Park new lease of life.
    [Show full text]
  • WODEHOUSE, Brigadier Edmond
    2020 www.BritishMilitaryHistory.co.uk Author: Robert PALMER, M.A. A CONCISE BIOGRAPHY OF: BRIGADIER E. WODEHOUSE A short biography of Brigadier E. WODEHOUSE, C.B.E., who served in the British Army between 1913 and 1949. He served in the First World War, being wounded and taken prisoner. During the war, WODEHOUSE served with his Regiment rising to command a Battalion. During the Second World War, he became the Military Attaché to Eire, a sensitive role during ‘The Emergency’. Copyright ©www.BritishMilitaryHistory.co.uk (2020) 16 October 2020 [BRIGADIER E. WODEHOUSE] A Concise Biography of Brigadier E. WODEHOUSE. Version: 3_2 This edition dated: 16 October 2020 ISBN: Not yet allocated. All rights reserved. No part of the publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means including; electronic, electrostatic, magnetic tape, mechanical, photocopying, scanning without prior permission in writing from the publishers. Author: Robert PALMER, M.A. (copyright held by author) Assisted by: Stephen HEAL Published privately by: The Author – Publishing as: www.BritishMilitaryHistory.co.uk 1 16 October 2020 [BRIGADIER E. WODEHOUSE] Contents Pages Introduction 3 Early Life 3 First World War 4 – 5 Second World War 5 – 8 Republic of Ireland (Eire) 8 – 13 Military Attaché in Ireland 13 – 16 Retirement and Death 16 – 17 Bibliography and Sources 18 2 16 October 2020 [BRIGADIER E. WODEHOUSE] Brigadier Edmond WODEHOUSE, C.B.E. Introduction Not all Army officers can enjoy careers that leave a legacy which is well known to the public or historians. The majority will lead satisfying, and in their own way, important careers, but these will remain unknown to all but their families and a few historians.
    [Show full text]
  • Beirne O'beirne
    Beirne With or without the “0” prefix, the Beirnes are an important sept of North Connacht. They have inhabited northeastern County Roscom- O’Beirne mon beside the Shannon for two millennia. O’Beirne belongs almost exclusively to Connacht. One branch, allied to the MacDermots and the other leading Roscommon families, in the thirteenth century displaced the O’Monahans as chiefs of a territory called Tir Briuin between Elphin and Jamestown on the Co. Roscommon side of the Shannon. The O’Beirnes appear as such in the “Composition Book of Connacht” (1585), and in 1850 there was still an O’Beirne of Dangan-t-Beirn in that territory. The other branch possessed territory in the adjoining county of Mayo, north of Ballinrobe. At the present time, O’Beirnes are chiefly found in Counties Roscommon and Leitrim. The O’Beirnes are predominantly Gaodhail (Milesian) Celts but with blood of the Fir Bolgs (Belgae) and possibly of those Norwegian Vikings who settled on the banks of the Shannon where the O’Beirnes lived and who may have given them their surname. From historic times, some also must have blood of the French or Spanish and many of the English. The “Book of Irish Pedigrees” states that they are de- scended from Milesius of Spain through his son Heremon who reigned in Connacht circa 1700BC. It further records that in the 12th century, the O’Beirnes /O Birns were chiefs of Muintir O’Mannnachain, a ter- ritory along the Shannon from the parish of Ballintober to Elphin in Roscommon. Family Tree DNA and the researchers at the University of Arizona have identified a particular subglade for O’Beirne descen- dants that connects them to a specific area of Roscommon.
    [Show full text]
  • Roscommon County Council Time : 09:35:25 Page : 1 P L a N N I N G a P P L I C a T I O N S Planning Applications Received from 02/05/2005 to 06/05/2005
    DATE : 15/06/2005 ROSCOMMON COUNTY COUNCIL TIME : 09:35:25 PAGE : 1 P L A N N I N G A P P L I C A T I O N S PLANNING APPLICATIONS RECEIVED FROM 02/05/2005 TO 06/05/2005 FILE APPLICANTS NAME APP. DATE DEVELOPMENT DESCRIPTION AND LOCATION PROT. IPC WASTE NUMBER AND ADDRESS TYPE RECEIVED STRU LIC. LIC. 05/430 Johanne Cox & Sean Casey, P 03/05/2005 to construct a one and half storey dwellinghouse, domestic Ballyfermoyle, garage, entrance, sewage treatment system percolation Keadew, area and associated site works at Boyle, Ballyformoyle Townland, Co Roscommon. Keadew, Boyle, Co Roscommon. 05/431 Castlehall Builders, P 03/05/2005 For development which consists of the demolition of an Hall, existing dwelling house and shed, the construction of five Moate, two-storey dwellings and one two and a half apartment Co. Westmeath. block containing eight two bedroom apartments, the construction of a bin store, car parking, new road access, and all associated site development works at The Old Tuam Road, Monksland Townland, Athlone, Co. Roscommon. 05/432 Brian Cormican, P 03/05/2005 to construct dwellinghouse, septic tank and percolation area Cloghan, at Mount Talbot, Drumdaff Townland, Co Roscommon. Kilrooskey, Co. Roscommon. 05/433 Elizabeth Shea, P 03/05/2005 to construct single storey dwelling and domestic garage, Lisnanharriagh, bison effluent treatment system for single house and Co Roscommon. percolation area at Coolshanghtena Townland, Co Roscommon. DATE : 15/06/2005 ROSCOMMON COUNTY COUNCIL TIME : 09:35:25 PAGE : 2 P L A N N I N G A P P L I C A T I O N S PLANNING APPLICATIONS RECEIVED FROM 02/05/2005 TO 06/05/2005 FILE APPLICANTS NAME APP.
    [Show full text]
  • The Path to Revolutionary Violence Within the Weather Underground and Provisional IRA
    The Path to Revolutionary Violence within the Weather Underground and Provisional IRA Edward Moran HIS 492: Seminar in History December 17, 2019 Moran 1 The 1960’s was a decade defined by a spirit of activism and advocacy for change among oppressed populations worldwide. While the methods for enacting change varied across nations and peoples, early movements such as that for civil rights in America were often committed to peaceful modes of protest and passive resistance. However, the closing years of the decade and the dawn of the 1970’s saw the patterned global spread of increasingly militant tactics used in situations of political and social unrest. The Weather Underground Organization (WUO) in America and the Provisional Irish Republican Army (PIRA) in Ireland, two such paramilitaries, comprised young activists previously involved in the Students for a Democratic Society (SDS) and the Northern Irish Civil Rights Association (NICRA) respectively. What caused them to renounce the non-violent methods of the Students for a Democratic Society and the Northern Irish Civil Rights Association for the militant tactics of the Weather Underground and Irish Republican Army, respectively? An analysis of contemporary source materials, along with more recent scholarly works, reveals that violent state reactions to more passive forms of demonstration in the United States and Northern Ireland drove peaceful activists toward militancy. In the case of both the Weather Underground and the Provisional Irish Republican Army in the closing years of the 1960s and early years of the 1970s, the bulk of combatants were young people with previous experience in more peaceful campaigns for civil rights and social justice.
    [Show full text]
  • Ballaghaderreen and the Mayo-Roscommon Boundary
    ..;.. BALLAGHADERREEN AND THE MAYO-ROSCOMMON BOUNDARY h Map Location of Ballaa:haderreen: In 1824 the British Parliament authorised a survey of the whole island of Ireland, at a scale of six inches to one mile. This undertaking was entrusted to the military Board of Ordnance, and the survey became known as the Ordnance Survey. The beautiful 6" maps, produced as a ,result of the survey, were published over the years 1833 to 1846. The maps for County Roscommon appeared in 1837; those for County Mayo in 1838. If one wishes to find the map of the Ballaghaderreen area in that first Ordnance Survey, one turns to Mayo, sheet 74. After the first survey, the Ordnance Survey - as the surveying body became known - continued the work of mapping the country. It produced maps at different scales, and it published revisions of earlier maps. A major revision of the original 6" maps took place in the early years of this century. If one wishes to find the map of Ballaghaderreen area in this edition, one must now tum to Roscommon, sheet 8. Clearly by that time Ballaghaderreen had moved to County Roscommon. The Ordnance Survey does not, of course, decide the county boundaries. It simply follows the boundaries laid down by the bodies, who organise local government in the country. These bodies, sometime near the end of the last century, decided that the boundary between Counties Mayo and Roscommon should be re-drawn, so as to bring the Ballaghaderreen area from Mayo into Roscommon. Since the boundary was over three hundred years old at that time, it seems of interest to ask who made the change, and why they made it.
    [Show full text]
  • Landscape Character Assessment of County Roscommon
    Landscape Character Assessment of County Roscommon Roscommon County Council LANDSCAPE CHARACTER ASSESSMENT OF COUNTY ROSCOMMON May 2014 By Roscommon County Development Plan 2014 – 2020 May 2014 Page i Landscape Character Assessment of County Roscommon Roscommon County Development Plan 2014 – 2020 May 2014 Page ii Landscape Character Assessment of County Roscommon TABLE OF CONTENTS Pages SECTION 1 LANDSCAPE CHARACTER ASSESSMENT OF COUNTY ROSCOMMON 1 1.1 The Brief 1 1.2 What is Landscape Character Assessment? 1 SECTION 2 OBJECTIVES AND GUIDELINES 5 2.1 Introduction 5 2.2 Opportunities Presented by the Unique Landscape Character of County Roscommon 5 2.3 Consideration of General Landscape Objectives 6 2.3.1 Influences 6 2.3.2 Objectives 8 2.4 Development Controls to Ameliorate Landscape Constraints and Facilitate Sustainable Development 9 SECTION 3 LANDSCAPE APPROACH TO BUILT DEVELOPMENT 12 3.1 Introduction 12 3.2 Housing 12 3.2.1 Housing in Existing Settlement 12 3.2.2 Housing in Rural Areas 13 3.3 Rural Buildings and Alternative Enterprise Proposals 16 3.4 Quarries 17 3.5 Wind Farm Development 20 3.6 Forestry and Bio-fuels 22 SECTION 4 LANDSCAPE ASSESSMENT STUDY 27 4.1 Introduction 27 4.2 GIS analysis and Desk Study Mapping Of County Roscommon 27 4.3 Landscape Character and Values Mapping 38 4.4 Detailed Landscape Assessment 43 APPENDICES : APPENDIX 1: Map of Scenic Routes and Scenic Views 117 APPENDIX 2: Minutes of Stakeholder Consultation Meetings 159 Roscommon County Development Plan 2014 – 2020 May 2014 Page iii Landscape Character Assessment of County Roscommon SECTION 1: LANDSCAPE CHARACTER ASSESSMENT OF COUNTY ROSCOMMON 1.1 THE BRIEF The aim of the project was to carry out a landscape character assessment that will provide the technical background for the Planning Authority to formulate a set of Landscape Objectives and Policy Recommendations for County Roscommon.
    [Show full text]