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WEST-CANADA Heike Wagner LANNOO’S AUTOBOEK WEST-CANADA Heike Wagner 2 Heike Wagner LANNOO’S AUTOBOEK WEST-CANADA ALBERTA — BRITISH COLUMBIA ON THE ROAD 3 4 TOP 10 ¼ STANLEY PARK, VANCOUVER blz. 107, 115 Het bekendste stadspark van Vancouver met zijn witte zandstranden, oeroude bomen uit het regenwoud, totem- palen van de indianen en de promenade eromheen is een van de grootste attracties van de stad. ½ LONG BEACH, VANCOUVER ISLAND blz. 147 Wandelen op het strand, schelpen verzamelen, surfen in de zomer en in de winter aan storm watching doen – in Paci- fic Rim National Park wordt het continent begrensd door dicht regenwoud en een godverlaten strand van zestien kilometer lang. ¾ HALCYON HOT SPRINGS, BC  CALGARY STAMPEDE, CALGARY blz. 187, 188 blz. 242, 247 Een van de mooiste gelegen warmwaterbaden van British Doorgewinterde cowboys, imposante stieren en wild stam- Columbia: de bekkens met water tot 42°C liggen boven pende paarden zijn het handelsmerk van de grootste rodeo Upper Arrow Lake en zien uit op het meer en de bergketens in Canada. Bij de evenementen horen natuurlijk ook het eromheen. berijden van stieren en koetsenraces. ¿ PEAK 2 PEAK GONDOLA, WHISTLER à ICEFIELDS PARKWAY, BANFF NATIONAL PARK blz. 200, 201 blz. 267, 271, 280 Slechts drie pijlers dragen de 4,4 kilometer lange kabelbaan De prachtige panoramaweg in de Rocky Mountains die tussen Whistler en Blackcomb Mountain: de grootste Banff National Park en Jasper National Park met elkaar afstand tussen twee pijlers bedraagt drie kilometer, de verbindt en toegang biedt tot fenomenale uitkijkpunten, grootste afstand tot de grond 436 meter. wandelwegen en kampeerterreinen. À BARKERVILLE, BC Ä BANFF SPRINGS HOTEL blz. 206, 207 blz. 267 Prachtig openluchtmuseum met smaakvol gerestaureerde 756 kamers telt het grootste, op een kasteel lijkende histori- gebouwen uit de tijd van de goldrush, in het midden van de sche spoorweghotel van Canada. Het is een wereld op zich 19de eeuw. Mensen in de kleren uit die periode maken de met restaurants en lounges, een groot eigen kuuroord en ervaring helemaal levensecht. fitnesszalen. Á SIGNPOST FOREST, WATSON LAKE Å ROYAL TYRRELL MUSEUM OF PALEONTOLOGY blz. 234 blz. 299, 301 Een bos van wegwijzers, 72.000 stuks uit de hele wereld. De veertig volledige skeletten en de vele levensechte Alles begon toen de Amerikaanse soldaat Carl K. Lindley modellen van dinosaurussen en fossielen maken het Royal tijdens de aanleg van de Alaska Highway bij Watson Lake Tyrrell Museum in de badlands in Alberta tot het belang- een wegwijzer ophing naar de plek waar hij woonde, Dan- rijkste museum voor paleontologie en onderzoek naar ville/Illinois. dinosaurussen. 5 INHOUD INLEIDING ................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 9 West-Canada: droomlandschappen van de prairie en de bergen tot aan de Grote Oceaan PRAKTISCHE INFORMATIE ........................................................................................................................................................ 15 Verklaring van de symbolen ............................................................................................................................................................. 35 OVERNACHTEN ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 37 DE MOOISTE ROUTES DOOR WEST-CANADA Route 1 Vancouver Island .......................................................................................................................................................... 64 Victoria – Nanaimo – Tofino – Campbell River –Port Hardy – Victoria ( 1343 km) Route 2 Trans-Canada Highway ........................................................................................................................................ 70 Vancouver – Kamloops – Revelstoke – Golden – Icefields Parkway – Calgary ( 1364 km) Route 3 Door het zuidelijk-centrale deel van British Columbia �������������������������������������� 80 Vancouver – Hope – Vernon – Nakusp – Creston – Castlegar – Osoyoos – Hope – Vancouver (1900 km) Route 4 Door Zuid-Alberta en het zuidoosten van BC ������������������������������������������������������������������� 88 Calgary – Lethbridge – Waterton – Cranbrook – Kootenay N.P. – Banff – Calgary (1047 km) DE MOOISTE REGIO’S VAN WEST-CANADA BRITISH COLUMBIA REGIO 1 Vancouver ............................................................................................................................................................................. 101 Metropool tussen groene bergen en blauwe zee 6 REGIO 2 Victoria ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 121 De hoofdstad van British Columbia REGIO 3 Vancouver Island ........................................................................................................................................................ 133 Het grootste eiland van de Noord-Amerikaanse westkust REGIO 4 Het zuiden van British Columbia ....................................................................................................... 165 Van de Grote Oceaan tot de Rocky Mountains REGIO 5 Het centrale deel van British Columbia .................................................................................. 203 Contrasten tussen de kust en het land van de cowboys REGIO 6 Het noorden van British Columbia en Yukon Territory ................................... 225 De Alaska Highway, een droomweg ALBERTA REGIO 7 Calgary ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 237 Grootstad met westernflair REGIO 8 Edmonton .............................................................................................................................................................................. 251 Hoofdstad van Alberta en poort naar het noorden REGIO 9 Rocky Mountains ...................................................................................................................................................... 263 De beroemdste bergen van Noord-Amerika REGIO 10 Zuid-Alberta ��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 293 Rotsgebergte, badlands en prairie. GESCHIEDENIS ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 305 Markante data en gebeurtenissen Plaatsnamen- en trefwoordenregister �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 314 Namenregister ................................................................................................................................................................................................... 318 Fotoverantwoording ................................................................................................................................................................................ 320 7 8 WEST-CANADA — Droomlandschappen van de prairie en de bergen tot aan de Grote Oceaan — Uitgestrekt en dunbevolkt – zo wordt West-Canada meestal voorgesteld. Met bergen, bossen en glinsterende meren. Het land waar beren en elanden leven en waar bevers hun burchten bouwen, waar trappers in een kano voor een blokhut op het meer dobberen en mounties in rood uniform op hun hoge paard voorbij paraderen. Wie de landkaart van West-Canada echter nauwkeu- rig bestudeert, krijgt een veel rijker beeld van het land. In het westen strekt zich langs de kust van de Grote Oceaan de provincie British Columbia uit, in het zuiden begrensd door de VS en in het noorden door Yukon Territory en een stukje van Alaska. De oneindige hemel welft zich over de indrukwekkende landschappen, gaande van de dichte regenwouden aan de kust tot de bergen waarvan de toppen meestal in de mist verdwijnen, van de talrijke grote en kleine eilanden tot de hete en droge hoogplateaus in het binnenland, van de zonovergoten gebieden in het zuiden, over de bekende Rocky Mountains heen tot in de donkere naaldwouden en de eenzame bergen van het noorden. In het oosten sluit zich vrij rechtlijnig de provincie Alberta aan. Waar u ook kijkt, overal begint of eindigt het berglandschap of het prairiegebied. De Rocky Mountains vormen alleszins een stevige barrière in westelijke richting. Abrupt moet het prairieland wijken voor het gebergte. In de eindeloze graan- velden doen knikkende oliepompen onophoudelijk hun werk. In het zuiden, meer naar de VS toe, strekt zich een heet en woest gebied uit. In het noorden, daar waar de Northwest Territories zo ongeveer beginnen, overwegen desola- te maar dierrijke wouden. In het oosten, ten slotte, sluit zich de provincie Sas- katchewan aan. Het gematigde regenwoud langs de kusten van British Columbia is stevig in handen van de oppermachtige houtindustrie. Nochtans is een groot gedeel- te van het oorspronkelijke woudbestand nog onaangeroerd gebleven. De Gro- te Oceaan aan de westkust van Vancouver Island en de beschermde, eilandrij- ke wateren van de Strait
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