DOCSLIB.ORG

Jenis-Jenis Tumbuhan Suku Fabaceae, Subfamili Caesalpinioideae Di Areal Kampus Universitas Tadulako, Palu

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Jenis-Jenis Tumbuhan Suku Fabaceae, Subfamili Caesalpinioideae Di Areal Kampus Universitas Tadulako, Palu Volume 08, Nomor 02: 127 — 133 Agustus 2019 Jenis-Jenis Tumbuhan Suku Fabaceae, Subfamili Caesalpinioideae Di Areal Kampus Universitas Tadulako, Palu Species Diversity of Fabaceae, Subfamily Caesalpinioideae In The Campus Area of Tadulako University, Palu 1* 1 1* Rahmita , Ramadanil , Moh. Iqbal 1 Jurusan Biologi, Fakultas MIPA Universitas Tadulako Jl. Soekarno Hatta km 9 Tondo, Palu 94117, Sulawesi Tengah, Indonesia. Keywords: Fabaceae, Abstract description, invasive, Tadulako Research on the species of Plants of the Fabaceae Tribe Subfamili University. Caesalpinioideae at the area of Tadulako University Campus has been conducted from January to April 2019. This study aims to record, describe and determine the invasive status of plant species Fabaceae subfamili Caesalpinioideae. The research was based on botanical exploration method. The results showed there were 10 species from subfamily Caesalpinioideae including Acacia farnesiana (L.) Willd., Albizia saman (Jacq.) Merr., Caesalpinia pulcherrima (L.) Sw., Cassia javanica L., Delonix regia (Hook.) Raf., Desmanthus virgatus (L.) Willd., Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit, Mimosa pigra L., Mimosa pudica L., Senna siamea (Lam.) H.S.Irwin & Barneby. Number of Species have been used as protective plants (5 species), as ornamental plants (2 species) and potentially as invasive species (3 species). Keywords: Fabaceae, deskripsi, Abstrak invasif, Universitas Tadulako. Penelitian Jenis-Jenis Tumbuhan Suku Fabaceae Subfamili Caesalpinioideae di Areal Kampus Universitas Tadulako telah dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari hingga April 2019. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendata, mendeskripsi dan menentukan status invasif jenis-jenis tumbuhan Fabaceae subfamili Caesalpinioideae. Penelitian menerapkan metode eksplorasi botani yaitu dengan cara menulusuri areal kampus UNTAD. Hasil penelitian didapatkan 10 spesies dari subfamili Caesalpinioideae meliputi jenis Acacia farnesiana (L.) Willd., Albizia saman (Jacq.) Merr., Caesalpinia pulcherrima (L.) Sw., Cassia javanica L., Delonix regia (Hook.) Raf., Desmanthus virgatus (L.) Willd., Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit, Mimosa pigra L., Mimosa * Coresponding Author : pudica L., Senna siamea (Lam.) H.S.Irwin & Barneby. Jenis-jenis yang telah [email protected] dimanfaatkan untuk tanaman pelindung (5 jenis), tanaman hias (2 jenis) serta jenis [email protected] yang berpotensi invasif (3 jenis). Latar Belakang Cercidoideae (12 genus, lebih dari 335 jenis), Fabaceae tergolong dalam famili tumbuhan berbunga Detarioideae (84 genus, ca. 760 jenis), Dialioideae (17 terbesar ketiga setelah Compositae dan Orchidaceae genus, ca. 85 jenis), Caesalpinioideae (148 genus, ca. (LPWG, 2017), terdiri atas 770 genus dan lebih dari 4400 jenis) dan Papilionoideae (503 genus, ca. 14.000 19.500 jenis (Lewis, 2005). Beberapa ahli botani jenis) (LPWG, 2017). Dari ke 6 subfamili Fabaceae mengelompokkan jenis-jenis Fabaceae kedalam 6 yang dilaporkan oleh LPWG (2017), 5 subfamili subfamili yaitu Duparquetioideae (1 genus, 1 jenis), memiliki persebaran di kawasan Malesiana dan satu 127 Natural Science: Journal of Science and Technology Vol. 8 No. 2: 127—133 (2019) subfamili yaitu Duparquetioideae berstatus endemik berdampak berkurang hingga hilangnya jenis Afrika Tengah dan Afrika Barat dan belum dilaporkan tumbuhan di lingkungan Kampus. Selain itu, ancaman persebarannya di Kawasan Malesiana. terhadap keanekaragaman hayati tidak hanya Fabaceae umumnya dikenal dari tipe buah Legum atau disebabkan oleh eksploitasi yang berlebihan terhadap polong-polongan dan terdiri dari berbagai bentuk sumber daya alam atau alih fungsi lahan, tetapi juga perawakan seperti pohon, perdu, semak dan herba. disebabkan oleh adanya spesies tumbuhan invasif. Daun terletak berseling atau berhadapan, bertipe Spesies tumbuhan invasif mampu menekan majemuk, uni atau bifoliate (Cercidoideae, pertumbuhan spesies tumbuhan asli yang terdapat di Papilionideae, umumnya Caesalpinioideae, kadang dalam ekosistem sehingga dapat mengakibatkan Detarioideae), paripinnate (Detarioideae), imparipinate kepunahan lokal terhadap spesies tumbuhan asli. Oleh (Dialioideae), umumnya berdaun penumpu atau berupa karena itu, inventarisasi jenis-jenis Fabaceae subfamili duri. Caesalpinioideae di lingkungan Kampus Universitas Tumbuhan Fabaceae berbunga bisexual atau kadang Tadulako dianggap penting untuk didata dan unisexual, bersimetris aktinomorfik atau zigomorfik dan diinformasikan kembali. tipe bunga papilionate (Papilionideae) atau bukan papilionate (Duparquetioideae, umumnya Bahan dan Metode Caesalpinioideae, Cercidoideae, Detarioideae, Eksplorasi jenis-jenis Fabaceae subfamili Dialioideae). Kelopak berlekatan atau saling Caesalpinioideae di Areal Kampus Universitas berlepasan berjumlah 5 (3-6). Petal (0-)5(atau 6) atau Tadulako telah dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari mahkota bertipe papilionaceous yaitu kelopak hingga April 2019. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan berukuran besar di bagian posterior (bendera), dua dengan metode eksplorasi (Rugayah dkk., 2004) yaitu kelopak lateral (sayap) dan dua kelopak dibagian menjelajahi seluruh wilayah Kampus terutama di area bawah (lunas). Buah umumnya bertipe polong, terbuka hijau hingga taman dimasing-masing Fakultas beberapa buah bersayap, buah batu (Simpson, 2010; dan di lingkungan bangunan sarana prasarana lainnya LPWG, 2017). (Gambar 1). Beberapa tahun terakhir, kampus Universitas Tadulako melakukan pembangunan yang cukup pesat, hal ini Gambar 1. Peta lokasi penelitian dan koleksi sampel 128 Natural Science: Journal of Science and Technology Vol. 8 No. 2: 127—133 (2019) Sampel koleksi tumbuhan Fabaceae subfamili tanaman hias (2 jenis) yaitu C. pulcherrima, A. saman Caesalpinioideae yang ditemukan di lapangan diambil (Tabel 1). bagian ranting berdaun, berbunga atau berbuah, Jenis-jenis Fabaceae dari subfamili Caesalpinioideae kemudian diberi label gantung yang telah diberi nomor yang ditemukan di Kampus Universitas Tadulako koleksi. Tiap koleksi tumbuhan dilakukan pencatatan memiliki perawakan Pohon dan semak. Tipe informasi penting seperti koordinat, kondisi habitat, perawakan pohon meliputi A. farnesiana (L.) Willd., A. manfaat, status tumbuhan (liar atau ditanam) dan saman (Jack.) Merr., C. pulcherrima (L.) Sw, C. karakter morfologi penting yang mudah hilang ketika javanica L., D. regia (Hook.) Raf, L. leucocephala dilakukan proses herbarium seperti warna dan bentuk. (Lam.) de Wit., dan S. siamea (Lam.) H. S. Irwin & Bersamaan dengan itu juga dilakukan pengambilan Barneby. Semak meliputi D. virgatus (L.) Willd., M. dokumentasi tiap koleksi tumbuhan. pigra L., dan M. pudica L. (Gambar 2). Koleksi tumbuhan hasil eksplorasi kemudian dilakukan Dari semua jenis yang didapatkan ada yang tumbuh proses pengeringan menggunakan oven listrik pada secara liar dan ada juga yang sengaja ditanam sebagai suhu 60o-70oC hingga sampel kering sempurna. tanaman budidaya. Beberapa yang ditemukan Sampel yang telah kering kemudian dilakukan berstatus sebagai tanaman liar diantaranya A. identifikasi menggunakan buku identifikasi seperti, van farnesiana (L.) Willd., D. virgatus (L.) Willd., M. pigra L., Steenis, 2006; Hou et al., 1996; Nielsen et al,. 1992; dan M. pudica L. Jenis yang ditemukan berstatus Backer and van Den Brink, 1963. sebagai tanaman budidaya diantaranya A. saman Identifikasi jenis tumbuhan invasif dilakukan (Jack.) Merr., C. pulcherrima (L.) Sw, C. javanica L., D. pengamatan langsung di lapangan dan mengacu pada regia (Hook.) Raf, L. leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit., dan buku panduan seperti Webber (2003), ISSG (2005). S. siamea (Lam.) H.S.Irwin & Barneby. Berdasarkan pengamatan lapangan, ada beberapa Hasil dan Pembahasan jenis yang ditemukan dan teridentifikasi sebagai Hasil eksplorasi Fabaceae subfamili Caesalpinioideae tumbuhan invasif diantaranya A. farnesiana (L.) Willd di Kampus Universitas Tadulako ditemukan 10 jenis yang berperawakan pohon diketahui berasal dari meliputi Acacia farnesiana (L.) Willd., Albizia saman Amerika tropis dan sekarang diperkenalkan ke semua (Jack.) Merr., Caesalpinia pulcherrima (L.) Sw, Cassia daerah tropis dan sub tropis, hingga tercatat di seluruh javanica L., Delonix regia (Hook.) Raf, Desmanthus malesia (Nielsen, 1992). M. pudica L., M. pigra L. virgatus (L.) Willd., Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de diketahui berasal dari wilayah tropis Amerika Selatan Wit., Mimosa pigra L., Mimosa pudica L., dan Senna dan diintroduksi ke beberapa negara sebagai tanaman siamea (Lam.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby. Keanekaragaman hias, namun menginvasi secara luas ekosistem di jenis dan lokasi tumbuh serta status tumbuhan yang Afrika, Asia Tenggara dan Australia (ISSG, 2005). ditemukan di lokasi, disajikan pada Tabel 1. Famili Fabaceae merupakan salah satu famili yang Kunci identifikasi Jenis Subfamili Caesalpinioideae bernilai ekonomi tinggi. Banyak anggotanya yang Caesalpinioideae telah dibudidayakan sebagai tanaman pangan Caesalpinioideae DC., Prodr. 2:473. 1825 penghasil buah seperti Tamarindus indica L., Pohon, semak, liana, biasanya terdapat duri atau tidak. tanaman hias Bauhinia variegata L., karena Daun penumpu di samping pangkal daun, dan mempunyai bunga dan daun yang unik yaitu daunnya berlepasan atau tidak ada. Daun biasanya pulvinate, bercuping dua dan simetri, berbentuk seperti kupu- bipinnate, jarang imparipinnate. Perbungaan globosa, kupu dan bunganya yang indah, jenis yang lain seperti spicate, paniculate, racemose; bracteola ada atau Caesalpinia pulcherrima (L.) Sw memiliki mahkota kecil. Bunga biseksual atau uniseksual, atau biseksual bunga warna merah dan
Load more

Recommended publications
  • A Preliminary List of the Vascular Plants and Wildlife at the Village Of
    A Floristic Evaluation of the Natural Plant Communities and Grounds Occurring at The Key West Botanical Garden, Stock Island, Monroe County, Florida Steven W. Woodmansee [email protected] January 20, 2006 Submitted by The Institute for Regional Conservation 22601 S.W. 152 Avenue, Miami, Florida 33170 George D. Gann, Executive Director Submitted to CarolAnn Sharkey Key West Botanical Garden 5210 College Road Key West, Florida 33040 and Kate Marks Heritage Preservation 1012 14th Street, NW, Suite 1200 Washington DC 20005 Introduction The Key West Botanical Garden (KWBG) is located at 5210 College Road on Stock Island, Monroe County, Florida. It is a 7.5 acre conservation area, owned by the City of Key West. The KWBG requested that The Institute for Regional Conservation (IRC) conduct a floristic evaluation of its natural areas and grounds and to provide recommendations. Study Design On August 9-10, 2005 an inventory of all vascular plants was conducted at the KWBG. All areas of the KWBG were visited, including the newly acquired property to the south. Special attention was paid toward the remnant natural habitats. A preliminary plant list was established. Plant taxonomy generally follows Wunderlin (1998) and Bailey et al. (1976). Results Five distinct habitats were recorded for the KWBG. Two of which are human altered and are artificial being classified as developed upland and modified wetland. In addition, three natural habitats are found at the KWBG. They are coastal berm (here termed buttonwood hammock), rockland hammock, and tidal swamp habitats. Developed and Modified Habitats Garden and Developed Upland Areas The developed upland portions include the maintained garden areas as well as the cleared parking areas, building edges, and paths.
    [Show full text]
  • San Antonio Missions National Historical Park Natural Resource Condition Assessment
    National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Natural Resource Stewardship and Science San Antonio Missions National Historical Park Natural Resource Condition Assessment Natural Resource Report NPS/SAAN/NRR—2016/1191 ON THE COVER Mission San José at San Antonio Missions National Historical Park Photograph courtesy of the National Park Service San Antonio Missions National Historical Park Natural Resource Condition Assessment Natural Resource Report NPS/SAAN/NRR—2016/1191 Kathy Allen Sarah Gardner Andy J. Nadeau Anna M. Davis Kevin Benck Lonnie Meinke Shannon Amberg Thomas Walker GeoSpatial Services Saint Mary’s University of Minnesota 890 Prairie Island Road Winona, Minnesota 55987 March 2016 U.S. Department of the Interior National Park Service Natural Resource Stewardship and Science Fort Collins, Colorado The National Park Service, Natural Resource Stewardship and Science office in Fort Collins, Colorado, publishes a range of reports that address natural resource topics. These reports are of interest and applicability to a broad audience in the National Park Service and others in natural resource management, including scientists, conservation and environmental constituencies, and the public. The Natural Resource Report Series is used to disseminate comprehensive information and analysis about natural resources and related topics concerning lands managed by the National Park Service. The series supports the advancement of science, informed decision-making, and the achievement of the National Park Service mission. The series also provides a forum for presenting more lengthy results that may not be accepted by publications with page limitations. All manuscripts in the series receive the appropriate level of peer review to ensure that the information is scientifically credible, technically accurate, appropriately written for the intended audience, and designed and published in a professional manner.
    [Show full text]
  • Beitrag Zur Lepidopterenfauna Der Insel Mauritius 111-115 Atalanta 42 (1-4): 111-115, Würzburg (2011), ISSN 0171-0079
    ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Atalanta Jahr/Year: 2011 Band/Volume: 42 Autor(en)/Author(s): Freina Josef J. De Artikel/Article: Beitrag zur Lepidopterenfauna der Insel Mauritius 111-115 Atalanta 42 (1-4): 111-115, Würzburg (2011), ISSN 0171-0079 Beitrag zur Lepidopterenfauna der Insel Mauritius (Lepidoptera, Rhopalocera, Heterocera) von JOSEF J. DE FREINA eingegangen am 6.VI.2011 Zusammenfassung: Die Arbeit liefert eine kommentierte Auflistung der im Februar 2003 vom Verfasser auf Mauritius nachgewie- senen Lepidoptera-Arten, ergänzt durch bekannte und neue Daten über deren Biologien. Der Autor konnte Arten wie Danaus ple- xippus (LINNAEUS , 1758), Chilades pandava (HORSFIE L D , [1829]) und Leptomyrina phidias (FABRICIUS, 1793) beobachten, die, erst seit zwei Jahrzehnten als neu für die Inselfauna gemeldet, inzwischen auf der gesamten Insel heimisch zu sein scheinen. Ein Nachweis für Cacyreus darius MABI ll E , 1877, die seit rund 40 Jahren nicht mehr festgestellt wurde, belegt, daß die Art nicht wie angenommen ausgestorben ist. Schließlich wird die Lepidopterenliste von Mauritius durch den Erstnachweis einer bisher unbekannten Art der Gattung Hyblaea FABRICIUS, 1793 (Hyblaeidae) ergänzt. Abstract: A survey of Lepidoptera, collected by the author on Mauritius in Februar 2003, is listed with some comments. The present paper also reviews current knowledge of Mauritian Lepidoptera bionomic details. The author observed some Mauritian species like Danaus plexippus (LINNAEUS , 1758), Chilades pandava (HORSFIE L D , [1829]), and Leptomyrina phidias (FABRICIUS, 1793), which are recently reported since the last twenty years and which seem now well-established throughout the island. The recent proof of Cacyreus darius MABI ll E , 1877, not seen or taken during the last fourty years and assumed to be extinct, indicates that this spe- cies is still present in the island.
    [Show full text]
  • Desmanthus Virgatus (Fabaceae): New to Louisiana
    MacRoberts, M.H. and B.R. MacRoberts. 2011. Desmanthus virgatus (Fabaceae): New to Louisiana. Phytoneuron 2011- 54: 1–3. Published 1 November 2011. ISSN 2153 733X DESMANTHUS VIRGATUS (FABACEAE): NEW TO LOUISIANA MICHAEL H. MACROBERTS and BARBARA R. MACROBERTS Bog Research, 740 Columbia Shreveport, Louisiana 71104 Herbarium, Museum of Life Sciences Louisiana State University-Shreveport Shreveport, Louisiana 71115 [email protected] ABSTRACT Desmanthus virgatus (L.) Willd. is documented as occurring in Caddo Parish, Louisiana, outside of its native range, and is considered to be naturalized. KEY WORDS: Desmanthus virgatus , naturalized, Fabaceae, Louisiana. We recently discovered a population of Desmanthus virgatus (L.) Willd., also known as Wild Tantan, in a vacant lot in Shreveport, Louisiana (Figs. 1, 2) and report it here as the first known occurrence of the species in the state. Voucher. Louisiana . Caddo Parish: Shreveport, vacant lot at Line Avenue and Tree Lane, 32 o 27’ 09.23” N, 93 o 44’ 45.42” W, ca. 53 meters elevation, 14 Sep 2011, MacRoberts & MacRoberts 8919 (LSU, LSUS, TEX). The native range of Desmanthus virgatus is south Texas, Florida, Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean (Turner et al. 2003; Kartesz & Meacham 2005; NatureServe 2011; USDA Plants 2011; Tropical Forages 2011). The closest known location of the species to the Louisiana locality is Robertson Co., Texas (Turner et al. 2003) about 320 km southwest. Whether the species has been brought into this area by human activity or is spreading eastward because of climate warming is a matter of conjecture (Chen et al. 2011). It is apparently widely used in agronomy as a food plant for grazing ruminants and has been introduced around the world.
    [Show full text]
  • Jonathan Dickinson State Park
    Jonathan Dickinson State Park APPROVED Unit Management Plan STATE OF FLORIDA DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION Division of Recreation and Parks June 15, 2012 i TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ..........................................................................................................1 PURPOSE AND SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PARK.....................................................1 PURPOSE AND SCOPE OF THE PLAN .....................................................................7 MANAGEMENT PROGRAM OVERVIEW................................................................9 Management Authority and Responsibility...................................................................9 Park Management Goals ............................................................................................10 Management Coordination.........................................................................................10 Public Participation....................................................................................................10 Other Designations ....................................................................................................11 RESOURCE MANAGEMENT COMPONENT INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................13 RESOURCE DESCRIPTION AND ASSESSMENT ..................................................17 Natural Resources......................................................................................................17 Topography...........................................................................................................17
    [Show full text]
  • National Wetland Plant List: 2016 Wetland Ratings
    Lichvar, R.W., D.L. Banks, W.N. Kirchner, and N.C. Melvin. 2016. The National Wetland Plant List: 2016 wetland ratings. Phytoneuron 2016-30: 1–17. Published 28 April 2016. ISSN 2153 733X THE NATIONAL WETLAND PLANT LIST: 2016 WETLAND RATINGS ROBERT W. LICHVAR U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory 72 Lyme Road Hanover, New Hampshire 03755-1290 DARIN L. BANKS U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region 7 Watershed Support, Wetland and Stream Protection Section 11201 Renner Boulevard Lenexa, Kansas 66219 WILLIAM N. KIRCHNER U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Region 1 911 NE 11 th Avenue Portland, Oregon 97232 NORMAN C. MELVIN USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service Central National Technology Support Center 501 W. Felix Street, Bldg. 23 Fort Worth, Texas 76115-3404 ABSTRACT The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (Corps) administers the National Wetland Plant List (NWPL) for the United States (U.S.) and its territories. Responsibility for the NWPL was transferred to the Corps from the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) in 2006. From 2006 to 2012 the Corps led an interagency effort to update the list in conjunction with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the FWS, and the USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS), culminating in the publication of the 2012 NWPL. In 2013 and 2014 geographic ranges and nomenclature were updated. This paper presents the fourth update of the list under Corps administration. During the current update, the indicator status of 1689 species was reviewed. A total of 306 ratings of 186 species were changed during the update.
    [Show full text]
  • FERNS and FERN ALLIES Dittmer, H.J., E.F
    FERNS AND FERN ALLIES Dittmer, H.J., E.F. Castetter, & O.M. Clark. 1954. The ferns and fern allies of New Mexico. Univ. New Mexico Publ. Biol. No. 6. Family ASPLENIACEAE [1/5/5] Asplenium spleenwort Bennert, W. & G. Fischer. 1993. Biosystematics and evolution of the Asplenium trichomanes complex. Webbia 48:743-760. Wagner, W.H. Jr., R.C. Moran, C.R. Werth. 1993. Aspleniaceae, pp. 228-245. IN: Flora of North America, vol.2. Oxford Univ. Press. palmeri Maxon [M&H; Wagner & Moran 1993] Palmer’s spleenwort platyneuron (Linnaeus) Britton, Sterns, & Poggenburg [M&H; Wagner & Moran 1993] ebony spleenwort resiliens Kunze [M&H; W&S; Wagner & Moran 1993] black-stem spleenwort septentrionale (Linnaeus) Hoffmann [M&H; W&S; Wagner & Moran 1993] forked spleenwort trichomanes Linnaeus [Bennert & Fischer 1993; M&H; W&S; Wagner & Moran 1993] maidenhair spleenwort Family AZOLLACEAE [1/1/1] Azolla mosquito-fern Lumpkin, T.A. 1993. Azollaceae, pp. 338-342. IN: Flora of North America, vol. 2. Oxford Univ. Press. caroliniana Willdenow : Reports in W&S apparently belong to Azolla mexicana Presl, though Azolla caroliniana is known adjacent to NM near the Texas State line [Lumpkin 1993]. mexicana Schlechtendal & Chamisso ex K. Presl [Lumpkin 1993; M&H] Mexican mosquito-fern Family DENNSTAEDTIACEAE [1/1/1] Pteridium bracken-fern Jacobs, C.A. & J.H. Peck. Pteridium, pp. 201-203. IN: Flora of North America, vol. 2. Oxford Univ. Press. aquilinum (Linnaeus) Kuhn var. pubescens Underwood [Jacobs & Peck 1993; M&H; W&S] bracken-fern Family DRYOPTERIDACEAE [6/13/13] Athyrium lady-fern Kato, M. 1993. Athyrium, pp.
    [Show full text]
  • Tmd'a Woody Plant List Forl@Tlgua and Barbuda
    Tmd’a Woody Plant list for l@tlgua and Barbuda: Past and Present John Francis, Cados Riira, and Julio Figurema S_ Durina;thel7thandl8~centuriea,theielandofAntiguawas~~ foragri~.viuauyalloftheremaining foresbwemcutover,grazed,and bumed.Sincethe aba&mentofaugamne~vati~xnuchofthelandhas retunledtQsecondaryf&.BarbudasufferedmeiIllyfromovercuttiIlgand overgrazing begiming in the 17th century. Very heavy grazing preamre con- tinues in ISarbuda. l&spit23 great d&W, a mqjority of the native qe45ee remainrmbothislande.Lista0fnativeandexoticepecieaarep~~bere.A prote&i~plansbauldbe~hedforsevleralareasmboth~ Tk~ward a Woody Plant List for Antigua and Barbuda: Past and Present John Francis, Carlos Rivera, and Julio Figureroa INTRODUCTION AND HISTORY hectares of Antigua to grow up as secondary forest while sparing the pre-existing secondary forest from Antigua and Barbuda are two small islands with a further disturbance. total area of 440 km2 located in the Lesser Antilles in English attempts to settle Barbuda began in 1628 the eastern Caribbean. Although not differing greatly and continued intermittently with attacks of the in size and separated by only 50 km, the origin and Caribs and French until early in the 18th century. The physiography of the islands are quite different. Antigua small island community subsisted for almost three cen- was formed by vulcanism more than 40 million years turies by raising livestock. During this period, vir- ago during the Eocene. The rock foundation of Bar- tually every tree large enough to use for construction buda is entirely of Pleistocene limestone. A land bridge materials was felled. Grazing must have been intense, apparently connected the two islands during the and fuelwood cutting heavy, at least near Codrington, Pleistocene (Schuchert 1935).
    [Show full text]
  • Genus Eurema Hübner, [1819]
    AFROTROPICAL BUTTERFLIES 17th edition (2018). MARK C. WILLIAMS. http://www.lepsocafrica.org/?p=publications&s=atb Genus Eurema Hübner, [1819] In: Hübner, [1816-[1826]. Verzeichniss bekannter Schmettlinge 96 (432 + 72 pp.). Augsburg. Type-species: Papilio delia Cramer, by subsequent designation (Butler, 1870. Cistula Entomologica 1: 35 (33-58).) [extralimital]. The genus Eurema belongs to the Family Pieridae Swainson, 1820; Subfamily Coliadinae Swainson, 1821. The other genera in the Subfamily Coeliadinae in the Afrotropical Region are Catopsilia and Colias. Eurema (Grass Yellows) is a cosmopolitan genus of 68 species, eight of which are found in the Afrotropical Region. Relevant literature: Kern et al., 2015 [Meiotic drive and Wolbachia feminization]. Liseki & Vane-Wright, 2013 [Taxa on Mount Kilimanjaro]. Subgenus Eurema Hübner, [1819] In: Hübner, [1816-[1826]. Verzeichniss bekannter Schmettlinge 96 (432 + 72). Type-species: Papilio delia Cramer, by subsequent designation (Butler, 1870. Cistula Entomologica 1: 35 (33-58).) [extralimital]. = Maiva Grose-Smith & Kirby, 1893 in Grose-Smith & Kirby, 1892-7. Rhopalocera exotica, being illustrations of new, rare and unfigured species of butterflies 2: 96 (261 pp.). London. Type-species: Maiva sulphurea Grose-Smith & Kirby, by monotypy. Synonyms based on extralimital type-species: Abaeis Hübner; Kibreeta Moore; Maiva Grose-Smith & Kirby; Nirmula Moore; Pyrisitia Butler; Sphaenogona Butler; Teriocolias Röber; Xanthidia Boisduval & Leconte. This subgenus is pantropical, with the largest number of species in the Neotropical Region. There are three species in the Afrotropical Region. *Eurema (Eurema) brigitta (Stoll, [1780])# Broad-bordered Grass Yellow 1 Left: Male Broad-bordered Grass Yellow (Eurema brigitta) imbibing dew off grass (image courtesy Steve Woodhall). Right: Robber fly with Broad-bordered Yellow prey (image courtesy Raimund Schutte).
    [Show full text]
  • Genetic Diversity of Legume Species and Their Utilization in Vietnam
    54 JIRCAS International Symposium Series 2: 54-66 Session 1-5 (3) Genetic Diversity of Legume Species and Their Utilization in Vietnam TRAN, Van Lai' and MAI, Quang Vinh" Abstract Due to the wide range of latitude and complicated topography. Vietnam is very rich in plant genetic resources, of which legumes are widespread and economically important. After a series of studies, Vietnamese breeders and researchers have evaluated a large number of legume accessions. Based on the resulted, it became possible to proceed to the selection, in­ duce mutations and breed several legume varieties and lines that can meet various require­ ments of production and environmental protection. Despite the great success in their utilization, since many legume species have not been properly studied, they remain non-or under-utilized. To preserve and use the legume genetic resources in Vietnam, more concerted efforts on the part of the researchers, as well as close cooperation and collaboration with various organizations in the world are required. Natural conditions and economic importance of legume development in Vietnam Vietnam is a small country. With 330,000 km' of territory curving as an S letter stretching over 1,600 km from 8° 23' to 23' 22' North there are diverse climatic conditions : tropical, subtropical as well as tem­ perate in the high mountains of the northern, central and southern parts of the country. In general Viet­ nam is typically a tropical and monsoon country, where winter is distinctly a dry season. In the northern plains the cold winter lasts from November to April, the average temperature being l6°C.
    [Show full text]
  • Desmanthus Species in Existing Grass Stands
    REFEREED RESEARCH ARTICLE establishment of Desmanthus Species in existing grass stands James P Muir and William D Pitman | ABSTRACT Seedling emergence of ‘Sabine’ Illinois bundleflower (Desmanthus illinoensis [Michx.] MacM. [Fabaceae]), velvet bundleflower (D. velutinus Scheele), and 2 accessions of rayado bundleflower (D. virgatus [L.] Willd.; synonym = D. bicornutus S. Watson) planted into tilled or defoliated strips in bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon [L.] Pers.) was general- ly low but greater in switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.). Differences in years and sites reflected precipitation differ- ences. Although the rayado bundleflowers had greater ini- tial establishment, Illinois bundleflower was more winter- hardy and had greater second-year yields in both grass species following establishment seasons with adequate pre- cipitation. Potential for interseeding Desmanthus at lati- tudes approaching or exceeding 31 °N appears greater for Illinois bundleflower. KEY WORDS interseeding, Illinois bundleflower, rayado bundleflower, velvet bundleflower, bermudagrass, switchgrass, Fabaceae, Poaceae NOMENCLATURE 1999 Diggs and others ( ) 5 NATIVEPLANTS | SPRING 2004 erennial legumes were once common components of native vegetation of prairies and woodlands of the cen- P tral US (Weaver 1954; Grelen and Duvall 1966; Lewis and others 1974) but were among the species to be greatly reduced in abundance and often eliminated by excessive graz- ing pressure (Weaver 1954). These legumes contributed pro- tein-rich seeds and forage to soils and wildlife and were mean- ingful sources of fixed nitrogen to the ecosystems (Grelen and Duvall 1966). In the south-central region of the US, potential exists to introduce native legumes into grass monocultures. The genus Desmanthus (Fabaceae) is a widely adapted and underutilized forage resource (Burt 1993).
    [Show full text]
  • Vegetation Classification and Mapping of Padre Island National Seashore Final Project Report
    National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Natural Resource Stewardship and Science Vegetation Classification and Mapping of Padre Island National Seashore Final Project Report Natural Resource Report NPS/GULN/NRR—2017/1499 ON THE COVER Padre Island National Seashore Photography by: Lee F. Elliott, MoRAP Vegetation Classification and Mapping of Padre Island National Seashore Final Project Report Natural Resource Report NPS/GULN/NRR—2017/1449 David D. Diamond,1 Lee F. Elliott,1 Amie Treuer-Kuehn,2 Jason R. Singhurst,2 Arnie Peterson3 1Missouri Resource Assessment Partnership University of Missouri 4200 New Haven Road Columbia, Missouri 65201 2Texas Parks & Wildlife Department 4200 Smith School Road Austin, Texas 3Plant Ecologist Mount Rainier National Park 55210 238th Ave. East Ashford, Washington 98304 Contact [email protected] May 2017 U.S. Department of the Interior National Park Service Natural Resource Stewardship and Science Fort Collins, Colorado The National Park Service, Natural Resource Stewardship and Science office in Fort Collins, Colorado, publishes a range of reports that address natural resource topics. These reports are of interest and applicability to a broad audience in the National Park Service and others in natural resource management, including scientists, conservation and environmental constituencies, and the public. The Natural Resource Report Series is used to disseminate comprehensive information and analysis about natural resources and related topics concerning lands managed by the National Park Service. The series supports the advancement of science, informed decision-making, and the achievement of the National Park Service mission. The series also provides a forum for presenting more lengthy results that may not be accepted by publications with page limitations.
    [Show full text]