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Extensions of Remarks Hon.Thomasj.Downey

Extensions of Remarks Hon.Thomasj.Downey

22594 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 30, 1981 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS SUGAR LOAN PROGRAM protection from various international hob­ that it lasted for a grand total of 5 weeks, goblins that are said to lurk in the world and that is the honest to goodness fact. sugar market. In the entire last decade the world price HON.THOMASJ.DOWNEY Of course, the most ferocious of these of sugar exceeded 60 cents a pound for the OF NEW YORK hobgoblins is an OPEC sugar cartel, some­ grand total of 35 days. As a matter of fact, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES thing which we are told will spring up during the entire last decade the price of sphinx-like if the U.S. production base world sugar exceeded 30 cents a pound for Wednesday, September 30, 1981 erodes even marginally. only 7 months. e Mr. DOWNEY. Mr. Speaker, in the The problem is that cartels can fix artifi­ The point I am trying to make here next few days we will be considering cially high prices if, and only if, they can simply is yes, you had a very short period of the farm bill, and with it the question drastically curtail production or control pro­ instability in the market when the futures of whether or not to approve a billion duction. The odds of that happening in the price was bid up, when Congress refused to world sugar market are about of the same extend the old program, but the underlying dollar sugar loan program. I think it order as of eradicating ragweed. fundamentals of the industry and the world would be of great help to my col­ Sugar is grown in 83 countries. It is ex­ market are such that there is endemic leagues in anticipating this question to ported by 47. It is produced in regions from excess production capacity or potential for consider the wisdom of our former col­ Norway to Australia. It can be grown in sugar production in the world and that is league, Budget Director David Stock­ practically every climate, topography and going to hold the sugar price in the future man, when he sat with us in this body soil imaginable, and more importantly, since much closer to the 12 or 15 cents per pound 2 years ago during a similar consider­ we are referencing the argument to OPEC, level that it is at today than the 16 to 20 ation of the farm bill. The enlight­ unlike the case of oil, in which it took cents provided for in this bill, and most cer­ mother nature 100 million years to lay down tainly than the harrow stories of 60 cents or ened, free-market sentiments ex­ 60 percent of the world's reserves in a $1 per pound sugar that is being warned pressed so well by our distinguished narrow strip of sand around the Persian about by its backers. colleague on that occasion can, I Gulf, sugar production can be increased dra­ I want to talk about the third consumer think, serve as a beacon to us all in the matically in a matter of 1, 2, or 3 years in benefit that we are supposed to get from coming debate. dozens of regions around the world. this bill; namely, protection of our economy With that view in mind, Mr. Speak­ In response to these high prices that we and our consumers from the stupidity of er, I would like to insert the full text have heard about in 1974 and 1975, for in­ foreign producers who insist on dumping of Mr. Stockman's landmark speech stance, U.S. acreage of sugar acreage alone sugar on our market below the cost of pro­ expanded 27 percent within the course of duction. Since dumping is a form of income on sugar price supports in the RECORD less than two growing seasons. transfer of what we call foreign aid, I am for the illumination of my colleagues. In short, the point is a sugar cartel cannot wondering just who the countries are, what Mr. Stockman's speech follows: be created because there are too many pro­ foreign principalities really engage in this Mr. STOCKMAN. Mr. Chairman, I move to ducers to begin with an artificially high over a sustained period of time. The fact is strike the last word. prices cannot be sustained for any reasona­ there has not been any evidence presented Mr. Chairman, if some of the Members of ble period of time because the production to show that. the House are confused on this amendment, response is too elastic. We keep hearing about how the price in let me suggest a simple formula to resolve The second benefit we are supposed to France or Denmark or Japan is 40 or 50 their doubt. get, the consumer, the American economy is cents a pound but those are net importers, Flip a coin on the Frenzel amendment and supposed to get for this very high insurance not exporters. The reason the price is so then vote "no" on final passage, regardless premium we are being asked to pay, is pro­ high internally is they support their domes­ of the outcome; because the fact is this tection from an unstable market and, as we tic industry at that very high level. If we amendment involves nothing more than an heard a moment ago, from the threat that want to talk about dumping we have to look intramural debate about which pocket to without a sugar program prices might sky­ at the net exporters, the Philippines, Brazil, fleece, the tax pocket via direct payments; rocket through the ceiling and reach 60 Mexico, Africa. Their internal prices and the gentleman from Minnesota

D This symbol represents the time of day during the House proceedings, e.g., D 1407 is 2:07 p.m. e This "bullet" symbol identifies statements or insertions which are not spoken by the Member on the floor. September 30, 1981 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 22595 to freeze in every acre, every investment in deeming grace in saving the American sugar AWACS to Saudi Arabia. This is the labor and capital that we have in the econo­ industry. most sophisticated aircraft of its kin·d my today, and drive up barriers to foreign I think we ought to realize that is implicit imports in order to allegedly help the na­ in the gentleman's argument. in the world and I believe the sale tional economy and the consumers. The CHAIRMAN. The time of the gentle­ jeopardizes seriously American inter­ Mr. MooRE. Will the gentleman yield? man from Michigan has again expired. ests in the Middle East. . Until now, Mr. STOCKMAN. I Will be happy to yield to most succinct and carefully argued presen­ Mr. MooRE. If the gentleman will yield tations that I have had the privilege to hear gence activities. This technology is further, although the argument is tailored on this floor. The gentleman is right, it is simply too valuable to be placed under toward sugar, would not the gentleman not pleasant to hear because it rubs politi­ any but American control. In addition, make the same argument toward any price cally the wrong way, both in his party and I believe the sale of AWACS to Saudi support program for agricultural commod­ my party; but the fact is that there is a world market, and the sooner we recognize Arabia would tend to destabilize the ities he is making now? arms balance of the region and under­ Mr. STOCKMAN. Yes; and I have in the it and let the marketplace come to bear, the past. better off we will be as taxpayers and also mine American regional policy by Mr. MooRE. And would it not also be fair as consumers. I thank the gentleman for a weakening the security of Israel. to say that essentially the gentleman sees fine statement.e I am concerned that the proposed no redeeming quality, assuming the debate sale of AWACS to Saudi Arabia will has been accurate, that sugar farmers TOWARD PEACE IN THE MIDDLE jeopardize the goals of an American cannot exist at the 10- or 11-cent world EAST foreign policy that is both forceful price in the United States, assuming they cannot produce for that, the gentleman sees and wise. I respectfully urge my col­ no redeeming quality in maintaining them HON. CLEVE BENEDICT leagues to continue the policy of in business when we can, in fact, buy that OF WEST VIRGINIA stable U.S.-Middle East relations and sugar from a foreign market at 10 or 11 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES to oppose the sale of AWACS to Saudi cents? Arabia.e Mr. STOCKMAN. I think we should buy it at Wednesday, September 30, 1981 the lowest cost, whether domestic or for­ e Mr. BENEDICT. Mr. Speaker, the eign. The fact is the world market in now up peoples of the United States and Israel PENTAGON LABORS OVERTIME to 15 cents. I think there is a substantial share ideals, values, and spiritual part of our industry that can produce and TO BRIEF PRESIDENT REAGAN compete and make a profit over the cycle at roots. Both Governments are commit­ WITH CARTOONS that level. But we do have some in very high ted to democracy, justice, human cost production areas or regions who rights, and freedom. I believe it appro­ cannot. But the fact is we have a constant priate, at the beginning of the Jewish HON. DAVID R. OBEY process of adjustment, of acreage and of New Year, a time of reflection and OF WISCONSIN crops and of investment in our economy, prayer for peace, that the Congress IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and we have to encourage that, we cannot examine the United States-Israel rela­ freeze in every acre that is planted to sugar tionship and the proposed sale of high Wednesday, September 30, 1981 today. If we did that, we would not have half the prosperity, efficiency, or level of technology armaments to Saudi e Mr. OBEY. Mr. Speaker, this Friday wealth in our agricultural economy we have Arabia. the administration will announce some today. I believe the United States has, and of the most important decisions affect­ Mr. MooRE. I understand that, but my should continue to support, Israel's ing our defense establishment in question is, for those who cannot compete, right to defend herself and to live in almost two decades. According to press at that point the gentleman sees no redeem­ peace. A genuine peace must encom­ ing quality, economically speaking, in main­ pass true people-to-people relation­ reports over the past several months, taining them in production by virtue of a ships; full diplomatic relations; the the discussions which have taken price support program such as this? end of hostile propaganda; political place within the administration have Mr. STOCKMAN. I think it is a disservice to been hot and heavy. The issues involve them and obviously a disservice to the and economic warfare; and the open­ ing of borders, communications, trade, both the level of defense funding and entire economy. the way in which these tremendous Let me just add one point. I would say to and tourism. There must be an end to the gentlemen I grew up in a county that acts of terrorism and the harboring of amounts of money will be spent. Of planted strawberries from hedgerow to the perpetrators of such acts by Isra­ course, the final decisions have to be hedgerow 20 years ago and if you go back el's neighbors. Egypt and Israel are made by the President. He is the one there today you cannot find a strawberry moving toward implementation of responsible for looking at all of the op­ sundae. But that does not mean our area is such a peace, which will serve as a tions presented to him and making the an economic wasteland. We are growing model for all the nations of North tough choices. Last week we saw what grapes and soybeans and lots of other crops, the President is proposing for the de­ and the farmers are better off today than Africa and the Middle East. they ever were growing strawberries 20 I believe strongly that the United fense budget as his economic progam years ago. States and other nations should desist runs into trouble. This week we will be Mr. MooRE. Will the gentleman yield fur­ from the sale of first-line armaments shown how the Pentagon will spend a ther? to the outspoken enemies of Israel. We good portion of this budget. The Mr. STOCKMAN. I yield to the gentleman. should sell weapons and furnish tech­ Armed Forces Journal International, Mr. MooRE. I think the gentleman has nology only to meet legitimate defense one of the most respected publications been very honest and I think his economic in its field, this month tells us a little arguments are always based on solid eco­ needs of those nations whose leaders nomic theory as far as he understands it, have, by their actions and rhetoric, something about how these crucial and facts, but I think the point ought to be recognized the legitimate claim of choices were presented to the Presi­ made, and I think he just answered the Israel to exist in freedom and security. dent for his consideration. I think you question very honestly: First, he is against For these reasons, Mr. Speaker, I am will find the following article of inter­ farm programs; and second, he sees no re- opposed to the proposed sale of est: 22596 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 30, 1981 PENTAGON LABORS OVERTIME To BRIEF ucts," signed by Stockman on April 29th, ents in Brooklyn will join together in PRESIDENT REAGAN WITH CARTOONS called for government-wide reductions in celebration of the 75th anniversary of (By Benjamin F. Schemmer> audiovisual spending. On May 4th, Wein­ Lutheran Medical Center's auxiliary. I The President likes cartoons, Pentagon berger sent a memo to his key deputies and would like to congratulate the mem­ action officers have learned to their cha­ the military Services, ordering an "immedi­ ate 10% reduction" in the Pentagon's audio­ bers of this organization for their grin. The 32 briefing charts on defense dedication and hard work in helping budget alternatives which Defense Secre­ visual and publications program, which, he tary took to the White said, was estimated to cost $476-million and Lutheran Medical Center provide for House on September 9th, for instance, re­ involve 14,372 personnel in Fiscal Year 1982. the health-related needs of the people quired a lot of Pentagon overtime because AFJ was unable to determine if all of the of Brooklyn,. action officers had to redo their usual overtime spent preparing 's The Lutheran Medical Center's aux­ charts and tables to come up, instead, with cartoons on Stockman's proposed defense iliary was founded on February 14, visual portrayals to explain the impact of cuts was a result of the cutback Weinberger 1906, when a group of 82 women met the various budget levels which Weinberger ordered four months ago.e in the old hospital facility to start a and OMB Director David Stockman have been debating since mid-August. women's auxiliary. The original pur­ To show how U.S. strategic forces would NATIONAL CULTURAL LAUREATE pose for the formation of the organi- compare under the different budgets, for in­ PROGRAM zation was to sponsor an annual fair to stance, Weinberger's staff ended up with a benefit the hospital. chart showing different-sized mushroom HON. WILLIAM C. WAMPLER As Lutheran Medical Center grew, so clouds-a small one for the size of strategic did the scope and activities and in­ forces under the Carter lame duck budget, a OF VIRGINIA IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES volvements of the auxiliary. Over the big one for how those forces would have years through socials, luncheons, cake grown under the FY 83-87 five-year fiscal Wednesday, September 30, 1981 program which Weinberger spelled out in sales, garden parties, rummage sales, his May 18th "Defense Guidance," and a far • Mr. WAMPLER. Mr. Speaker, as smorgasbord parties, and various other smaller one for what would happen to them dean of the Virginia delegation, I am fund-raising activities, the auxiliary under the $30-billion budget cut which pleased and honored to introduce a has been responsible for contributing Stockman has been looking at since August. resolution encouraging the develop- many hundreds of thousands of dol­ Different sizes and shapes of airplanes-a ment of a national cultural laureate Iars to Lutheran Medical Center. "In cartoon rendition of a fighter-bomber, one program. addition to raising $100,000 toward the the same size but loaded with bombs under In 1976, several Americans conceived construction of the new Lutheran its wings, and a third with its nose missing­ were used to illustrate how tactical air this program to foster pride in the ac- Medical Center facility, the auxiliary forces would vary in size and capability, and complishments of individual Ameri- has contributed $30,000 a year over different sizes of ships to show Stockman's cans, their States and the Nation. Mrs. the past 3 years to provide for ambu­ budget impacts on the Navy. Walter Rice, wife of a former U.S. Am- lances, a patient orientation booklet Weinberger took 32 briefing charts to the bassador to Australia and Mr. Allen and film, wheelchairs, and other White House meeting, each on heavy card­ Turner, a Washington real estate needed equipment and services. Also, board measuring 30x40 inches. He also car­ broker, formed a foundation to seek for over 46 years, Lutheran Medical ried with him 32 8%xll inch color prints of out, recognize, and honor individuals Center's auxiliary has worked actively the same charts. Which ones and how many had cartoons instead of numbers on them is who have achieved distinction in 1 of in United Hospital Fund campaigns to one of Washington's best kept secrets. AFJ 102 different cultural categories as raise needed revenue for hospitals was unable to find out precisely, but learned ·voted upon by their peers. The Cultur- throughout the New York metropoli­ that from five to seven of Weinberger's final al Laureate Foundation has as its ulti- tan area. charts had Pentagon-drawn cartoons on mate goal the establishment of a Like the many dedicated members them, and that one other chart had a series of awards for Americans, compa- who preceded them over the course of blowup of a newspaper editorial cartoon. As rable in status to the Nobel Prize. the past 75 years, today's Lutheran one source involved with their preparation said, "There were so many revisions, it was Virginia, the only State to have in- Medical Center's auxiliary, through difficult to keep track." stituted a laureate program at this their commitment, energy, talent, and Some action officers getting together the time, honored historian Dumas hard work, makes a significant and data for Weinberger's briefing told AFJ Malone, author Tom Wolfe and 23 valued contribution to the well-being they prepared the usual bar charts, tables, others at her first award ceremony in of their neighbors. and graphs but were directed to "go back 1977. Mr. Speaker, I am proud to honor and come back with a 'cartoon,' or it'll never This resolution commending the - the auxiliary of Lutheran Medical get past Carlucci." Deputy Defense Secre­ reate program and encouraging estab- Center, whose dedication, strength, tary previewed much of the material which Weinberger's staff assem­ lishment of the program in each State and moral and financial support con­ for the 9 September budget skirmish. enjoys broad, bipartisan support and . tinues to assist Lutheran Medical Reagan's preference for cartoons is not requires no State or Federal funding. Center. The people of Bay Ridge and surprising, even on matters as serious as the In introducing this resolution, I am Sunset Park, the Borough of Brook­ security of Western civilization. His profes­ hopeful that my colleagues will join lyn, and the city of New York have sion before turning to politics and his World with me in support of this program to been extremely fortunate that this or­ War II military service were both grounded promote and recognize the American ganization was founded, and I again in the audiovisual arts. During the war, tradition of individual initiative and congratulate the Lutheran Medical Reagan served as a captain with the 18th Air Force's First Motion Picture unit at the accomplishment.• Center's auxiliary on their 75th anni- Hal Roach studios in Hollywood. He is versary.• shown in the accompanying Air Force photo THE AUXILIARY OF LUTHERAN making a training movie for the Army Air Corps-with a map in the background and a MEDICAL CENTER CELE­ BILL SUPPORTS TUITION cartoon of an airplane to his right rear. BRATES ITS 75TH ANNIVERSA­ TAX CREDITS Still, there is some irony in the Presi­ RY dent's preference for cartoons in his nation­ HON. BILL GREEN al security briefings. One of the first HON. LEO C. ZEFERETTI OF NEW YORK budget-cutting proposals surfaced by Stock­ man's OMB staff earlier this year, when it OF NEW YORK IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES looked at ways to tighten up the Pentagon IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Wednesday, September 30, 1981 budget, was to cut its audiovisual services. Wednesday, September 30, 1981 OMB Bulletin, number 81-16, "Elimination e Mr. GREEN. Mr. Speaker, I would of Wasteful Spending on Government Peri­ e Mr. ZEFERETTI. Mr. Speaker, on like to bring to your ·attention and odicals, Pamphlets, and Audio-Visual Prod- October 17, a number of my constitu- that of my colleagues an article by September 30, 1981 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 22597 Kenneth Dunn concerning tuition tax course as unsatisfactory for society as it is crease in the executive pay for the credits, which I support. As it is likely for an individual. The second argument is senior executives of the Federal Gov­ that this Congress may be addressing groundless because teachers provide a serv­ ice and, as in any service industry, competi­ ernment. This is a first step toward this issue, I thought the following arti­ tion discourages inefficient providers while fair treatment of the senior executives cle might make my position, and that encouraging the efficient. Students would of the Federal Government.• of others who favor tuition tax credits, benefit as more high-quality private schools clear: entered the market while low-quality public PEOPLE WANT TAX AID ON TUITION schools would be forced out. Schools exist THE SOLAR ACCESS AND

79-069 0-86-26 (Pt. 17) 22612 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 30, 1981 port they need to assist in that devel­ were shared. In this environment, in Germany in 1889, Austria in 1906, opment. I urge my colleagues to marginal contributions by older citi­ England in 1908, France in 1910, Ru­ review the provisions of H.R. 4597 and zens were required and were routinely mania in 1912 and Sweden in 1913. Al­ to provide their support when this leg­ made. Technological changes drasti­ though Theodore Roosevelt recog­ islation reaches the floor of the cally altered the social landscape of nized the problem of the aged and House.e· the United States and the world in the urged the Congress to act in 1908, it later 19th century. The extended was 30 years later before major action family began to disintegrate as more was taken. TOWARD A 20TH CENTURY VIEW and more workers moved to cities and OF RETIREMENT AND WORK The Social Security Act was the worked in factories. This change in major national response to the prob­ the work habits of America had pro­ lems of the aged in maintaining useful HON. JAMES M. JEFFORDS found social and psychological effects. employment. The impetus for the act OF VERMONT On the social level, many older was a combination of the dynamics of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Americans simply could not survive in the industrial changes described Wednesday, September 30, 1981 the new industrial era. The low piece­ above, the reduced public confidence, work wages and the long hours of because of the depression, in the abili­ e Mr. JEFFORDS. Mr. Speaker, early factory life simply wore them often, it seems that the Congress is ty of individual savings to ward off old out. The situation was so severe that age economic hardship, and the desire trying to solve today's problems with in 1903 Edward Everett , former yesterday's solutions. Nowhere is this to reduce the number of older people Chaplain of the U.S. Senate, declared, in the work force so that new jobs for more the case than in our response to "there is now no place in our working the needs of our citizens for an ade­ the young could be created. According order for older men." For the great to Robert Ball, former commissioner quate old age income. In this area, we majority of older American workers, are about a century behind. Our cur­ for the Social Security Administra­ continuing to work at a reduced level tion, the system was intended to pro­ rent national pension program was ap­ was not an available option. propriate for the needs of the 19th This crisis of income was further ag­ vide supplemental income for those and early 20th century, is outdated gravated by a profound psychological who suffered reduced earnings capac­ and strained today and will be wholly change that arose in the early 20th ity due to old age. Therefore; the inadequate and inappropriate for the century in the United States. The system was created with barriers like needs that will confront out citizens growth of the cities, increased immi­ the retirement test to discourage those only 30 to 50 years from now. gration and the steady expansion of who could continue to work from retir­ To develop a sound and forward industry contributed to the develop­ ing and drawing social security funds. looking national retirement policy, we ment of a negative view toward the old The effect of this provision may be must start where countless Presiden­ in society. the opposite of that originally intend­ tial commissions and conferences have The impact of changes in the work ed. failed: We need to develop a modern . patterns and expectations of the old II. A CONCEPT OUT OF DATE view of retirement and we need to sug­ was magnified dramatically by an­ There is a very real possibility that gest the appropriate mix of private other development of the industrial our current retirement policies actual­ and public programs that would give age: improved health care. In 1850, ly work against those who seek to each citizen a fair chance to live a dig­ parents on the average lived only 1 or remain in the work force and earn a nified old age. A modern perspective 2 years beyond the age of their chil­ smaller income. A recent publication on retirement can only be gained by dren's dependency. In 1830, about one­ by the Department of Health and examining the history of our current third of all native-born Americans Human Services noted that the labor concept of retirement. Then, we must reached age 60; in 1900, more than force participation of older men, over consider the problems facing today's half did; and in 1975, four-fifths 65, has decreased steadily from 1900- retirees who try to live within that reached this age. As a result of these when two out of three older men concept. Finally, it is worthwhile to changing life expectancies, more and worked-to 1978-when only one out consider the economic case for retire­ more individuals have faced an old age of five older men continued to work. ment and to suggest a legitimate role without adequate sources of income. The President's Commission on Pen­ that Government might perform. THE FATE OF THE OLD sion Policy noted that this trend has I. RETIREMENT AS A SOLUTION TO A 19TH With a changed work role, a nega­ accelerated significantly in recent CENTURY CRISIS tive public attitude and a growing old years with male aged 65 and over par­ Retirement is a modern concept. population, the results were predict­ ticipation in the labor force dropping Prior to the 19th century, there are ably grim. Many of the elderly suf­ from 39 percent in 1950 to 20 percent few examples of individuals leaving fered incredible hardship in the late in 1979. Participation rates have also the world of work and continuing to 19th and early 20th centuries. In 1910, dropped for men aged 55 to 65 and the receive income. The idea that this for instance, the majority of Ameri­ report says these declines have been might be a normal life pattern result­ cans who lived in State pauper institu­ particularly dramatic for men in their ed from technological and medical ad­ tions were elderly: 60 percent in Ohio; early sixties. vances during the industrial revolu­ 62 percent in Pennsylvania; 87 percent These reduced participation rates tion, the consequent personal and in Wisconsin; and 92 percent in Massa­ are the result of a variety of factors social tragedy for the aged and, final­ chusetts. including the retirement test work dis­ ly, the attempts of Government to re­ In this environment, there was im­ incentive, the availability of medicare dress these problems. mense political and social pressure to to retirees when few of those em­ THE DYNAMICS OF CHANGE help the elderly gain some measure of ployed have access to any comparable The industrial revolution fundamen­ financial security. Retirement did not medical care program-particularly tally changed the nature of work and begin as a desirable state to which the important since adults over 65 spend the family. Older people in earlier eras aged could aspire. Instead, it was un­ about 2.5 times as much on medical had continued to contribute to society dertaken as a last resort to rescue the care as those under 65-and the liber­ and work to their capacity while con­ old from abject poverty. alization of social security benefits and tinuing to live with their families. Be­ THE GOVERNMENT RESPONSE the linking of these benefits to in­ cause farming was the dominant occu­ America was late in discovering the creases in the CPl. Despite public pation prior to the industrial revolu­ age problem. France established a na­ statements about the limited role of tion, work tended to be a family enter­ tional old age support system in 1850. social security, recent public policy prise in which both earnings and work Compulsory systems were established has emphasized the role of social secu- September 30, 1981 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 22613 rity as a primary old age income pro­ bles has been in an ominous direction continued over the next 50 years and gram and has made it progressively as far as the financial support of our through the next century. The Global less attractive for older citizens to con­ older population is concerned. The 2000 report that was recently issued tinue in the workforce once they qual­ birth rate has undergone a substantial by the Council on Environmental ify for benefits. decline while medical advances have Quality and the State Department The option of social security cover­ resulted in an increasing life expectan­ highlights the disturbing trends that age, of course, is not the only impedi­ cy for most Americans. There is a very are occuring in the worldwide overcon­ ment to increased labor force partici­ real chance that the census estimates sumption of our natural resource base pation by older Americans. Mandatory of national age distribution may un­ for economic growth. retirement ages are one barrier that derestimate the growth of our elderly Certainly, it is possible that these should be carefully examined and, population in the next century. trends could be reversed by major when reasonable, eliminated. Also, in­ Maintaining current benefit levels technological breakthroughs. Identifi­ adequate training and education are and retirement practices will require cation and rapid implementation of al­ often as real a barrier for older citi­ either: First, a reversal of current de­ ternative energy sources or improved zens as they are for those who are mographic trends; or second, a dra­ conservation technologies, massive de­ younger. Manpower training programs matic increase in national productivi­ velopment and implementation of new and job counseling programs need to ty. These events could occur, but they service sector productivity technology be thoroughly integrated with any na­ seem unlikely. Indeed, there is evi­ and improved worldwide competition tional policy that sets the goal of in­ dence that the recent trends of in­ by the United States could return the creased labor force participation by creased life expectancy and declining United States to the preeminent older citizens in the next century. productivity could accelerate. We are growth experienced over the last 100 Regardless of its cause, the move­ running up against some severe re­ years. However, this is probably a best ment toward early retirement has put source constraints that could further case possibility rather than a probable an increasing strain on our social secu­ reduce our productive capacity and future for our economy. I believe that rity system and has reduced the thereby threaten the maintenance of we should be willing to plan our retire­ amount of productive work contribut­ our current social security system. ment future on the basis of our proba­ ed to our society by older Americans. LIFE EXPECTANCY ble economic future, not on best case There is a very real possibility that we Between 1940 and 1973, the life ex­ assumptions. The future is uncertain will not be able to afford this trend in pectancy of white males age 65 in­ and disturbing enough that I believe the future. creased from 12.1 year to 13.2 years. that we should be prepared for major III. THE CRISIS TOMORROW For white females, the increase was problems when we plan for it. It seems As I have noted, the concept of re­ from 13.6 to 17.3. Life expectancy for to me that in designing a viable retire­ tirement grew out of a need to rescue nonwhite males increased from 12.2 ment program for the 21st century, we the old from poverty and to provide a years to 13.1 years; and for nonwhite need to pay heed to the Report of the supplement to their reduced but still females, the increase was from 14 to President's Commission on Pension present earning power. However, in 16.2. These impressive gains could be Policy, which states: our success in improving social securi­ surpassed by advances over the next The definition of retirement, which has ty, we have built disincentives for 50 years. For instance, a medical been thought of as moving from full-time those who desire to continue in the breakthrough that reduced heart dis­ employment to full-time leisure, may need workforce. I do not believe that we can ease deaths by half could extend the to be revised: afford to continue our trend toward life of an average 65-year-old male by We may be forced to consider a re­ lower participation in the workforce an additional 2.4 years and add 2.5 tirement future for Americans that in­ by older Americans through the next years to the life expectancy of the av­ volves a continuing, though reduced, century. In their book, "The Graying erage 65-year-old female. If heart dis­ level of participation in the work force of Working America," Harold Shep­ ease could be eliminated as a cause of throughout their retirement years. pard and Sara Rix cite several disturb­ death, both male and female 65-year­ IV. THE ECONOMIC CASE FOR RETIREMENT ing estimates concerning the effects of olds could expect to live more than 6 I believe that a strong case can be a declining birth rate and an increas­ years longer-from one-third to one­ made that because salary and other ing life expectency- half longer than they currently can employment benefits do not compen­ A 1973 study demonstrated that maintain­ expect to live after they reach that sate an individual adequately for his ing our current level of social security bene­ age. Medical breakthroughs of this nonproductive years and do not allow fits would require regular compounded per type are possible and they would cer­ capita national income increases of over one tainly exacerbate the problem of a sufficient savings for these years, it is per cent each year through the year 2020; growing, needy, aged population. appropriate for the Government to A 1975 study suggested that even if we insure that both industry and the em­ were to increase the retirement age to 65, by TECHNOLOGICAL AND RESOURCE ployee set wages aside, through the the year 2050 the Social Security tax rate DIMENSIONS social security payroll tax, to replace would have to be 17.55 per cent. No less an authority on American an employee's future reduced earning There is no shortage of dire predic­ business than Peter Drucker has ob­ capacity. However, this argument be­ tions and projections. Certainly, there served that future retirees' claims for comes increasingly disputable when it is substantial reason to believe that benefits can be satisfied only out of is argued that the goal of retirement our Social Security System will be the production of the future. They are should be a 100-percent replacement under increased financial pressure. dependent on the capacity of the of preretirement income. Very few in­ Census projections indicate that people at work to produce a surplus of dividuals who reach age 65 lose all po­ over the next 75 years the number of goods and services for them, and on tential to earn income. In a theoretical elderly persons will more than double the willingness of the productive pop­ sense, individuals should be covered by while the total population will in­ ulation to hand the surplus over contributions based on the wear and crease by only about 50 percent. Any against the claims of the retired tear of their productive capacities and such projection, however, is based on a people. should receive increasing benefits as series of assumptions-generally his­ Recent history with increased their capacity to earn is reduced. I can torical-that could prove to be incor­ energy costs and declining productivi­ see no strictly economic justific"ation rect. The major variables that could ty raises serious questions about for a government system that compen­ change this picture are the birth rate whether the dramatic rate of econom­ sates equally those who choose not to and the average life expectancy. To ic growth and consumption that has work and those who are incapable of date, the recent trend in these varia- occurred in the last 50 years can be work. The Congress has recognized 22614 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 30, 1981 this distinction is some degree by cerned about the role of work in dor this week, South Korea next week, adding disability provisions to the gen­ America's retirement future.e and maybe Argentina thereafter. eral social security system. This selectivity may let them sleep Moving from the theoretical to the at night, but it would not help the op­ practical, there is no way to adequate­ WHY DO THE LIBERAL HUMANI- pressed or the dead in Iran, Vietnam, ly evaluate every individual's reasona­ TARIANS IGNORE IRAN Kampuchea, the Soviet Union, or ble work history expectations and to TODAY? Cuba. tailor a retirement plan to each indi­ [From the Washington Post, Sept. 24, 1981] vidual's needs and work capacity. HON. WILLIAM S. BROOMFIELD SHAH'S SISTER VIEWS EVENTS IN IRAN WITH Some general standards, like the age OF MICHIGAN BITTERNESS AND GRIEF 65 retirement standard, need to be ap­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES plied uniformly and objectively. How­

September 30, 1981 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 22615 gave so much praise to my brother, saying DEMONSTRATIONS BY STUDENTS "Nearly 200 fighting Mujahadeen children he was the greatest leader in the world and The Teheran radio said millions of stu­ have been executed in the past few days," that we should follow his advice, and that dents briefly attended their classes and the Mujahadeen Khalq's leader, Massoud Iran was an island of security," she said, re­ then took part in nationwide marches dem­ Rajavi, said in a statement from his exile in calling Carter's Tehran visit on New Year's onstrating support for the clergy-dominated Paris. Eve 1977. "How could they think, six Government. Teheran residents described Contacted later by the Associated Press, months later, that he was a tyrant and a the marches as small and peaceful, despite he said he had learned that "30 of my sis­ despot and a dictator and that they had to official fears of clashes between students of ters, children belonging to the Majahadeen get rid of him?" different political views. Militia Girls," had gone before firing The princess, who was reported to have During today's mass rallies pro-Govern­ squads. Their ages ranged from 9 to 14, he played an active advisory role during her ment students shouted: "Heretic hypocrites said he was told. brother's final days on the throne, con­ must be expelled from schools!" This was an Education Minister Ali-Akbar Paryaresh, demned what effort the Carter White allusion to supporters of the radical Peo­ in a telephone conversation with the AP, House did make as bumbling and ineffec­ ple's Mujahedeen organization. Most of the denied that schoolchildren as young as 12 tive. 1,000 Iranians reportedly put to death for have been executed. "Between Carter, Brzezinski and the State anti-Govemmnent activities in the last "This is not the case at all," he said, but Department, there was never any coordina­ three months were believed to have been tion," she said, "and meanwhile, my country Mujahedeen members. he did not respond to the question of was coming apart." The Teheran radio said today that 22 whether high school students were execut­ After summer in her villa at Juan-les-Pins more leftists had been put to death in the ed. on the French Riviera, the princess is back continuing wave of executions. The official Mr. Parvaresh, one of the five Khomeini in Paris for a time. Later she will move on Pars press agency also said that some Muja­ disciples running for president in Friday's to her New York apartment, she says, and bedeen members were killed when their Te­ election to replace the assassinated Moham­ in the meantime she is receiving the monar­ heran hideout was blown up by a home­ mad Ali Rajai, said some high sclioolers chist opposition leaders who have made made bomb. "who are fighters against Islam have been Paris their base and who are trying to orga­ The Ayatollah's message, which marked arrested and are in prison." nize a military coup in Iran. the first time he had asked formally for a But he said it was too early to tell how Her French-educated daughter, Princess purge of school children, also demanded many students have been imprisoned, be­ Azadeh, devotes most of her time to work that university professors purge what he cause schools opened for the fall semester t among young monarchist exiles, leading a called "dependents on the East and West su­ on Wednesday. group that puts out its own newspaper and perpowers." Several Iranian sources, who stayed out of is associated with former Gen. Bahram Ayr­ PURGE OF TEACHERS politics during the late shah's regime and yana. The group is best known for participa­ Thousands of university professors and continued that aloofness after his downfall tion in the hijacking last month of one of school teachers were purged last year after in 1979, told the AP they had personal three French-built Iranian missile boats off a call by Ayatollah Khomeini for a cultural knowledge of 30 Tehran high school girls Spain as they were being delivered to the revolution and "Islamization" of the educa­ being executed earlier this month. Iranian Navy. tion system, and Iranian universities are These sources, interviewed here and con­ Aside from a burst of publicity surround­ still closed. tacted by telephone in Tehran, said they ing the hijacking, however, most attention Ali Akbar Parvaresh, the Education Minis­ knew some of the girls and their families. has focused on former president Abol ter, speaking to a student rally at Teheran They said the girls were accused of be­ Hassan Bani-Sadr and Massoud Rajavi, University, urged the establishment of intel­ longing to the Mujahadeen Khalq and dis­ leader, of the leftist Mujaheddin-e-Khalq ligence departments in schools and the ex­ tributing its literature at their school last guerrillas, who fled Iran together and plusion of nonfundamentalist students. spring. They were rounded up and taken to sought exile here July 29. Iranian sources quoted officials of the Evin Prison, and executed two days later, Perhaps with that in mind, Princess Education Ministry as saying that some the sources said. Ashraf invited The Washington Post for an teachers had refused to accept up to 40 per interview to "speak openly, to say what I An Iranian woman, recounting a separate cent of their former students because of case, said a 12-year-old girl in the class of a have in my heart, what I think." Bani-Sadr their left-wing leanings. and Rajavi have ample funds from Libya teacher friend was executed for writing Some parents who went to school with "death to Khomeini" on a wall. and the Palestine Liberation Organization their children this morning said teachers to finance their opposition, she charged, As part of the campaign to muzzle dissent had banned the use of felt-tipped pens and in the schools, some high school pupils have while "on this side of the opposition we that students possessing them would be ex­ don't have any money." been arrested and tortured, sources told the pelled. The pens are often used by students AP. "All those stories about the billions of the to write slogans on walls. royal family are not true," she added. "We One case cited by a young Iranian man re­ are not comfortable. It takes money to do [From the Baltimore Sun, Sept. 28, 19811 cently arrived here involved a 19-year-old anything, even to have an army, a comman­ who graduated from Tehran high school do group. It takes money, and we don't have REVOLUTIONIZED IRANIAN CHILDREN NOW last spring. The teenager was arrested at his it." OPPOSE KHOMEINI; SOME EXECUTED home and accused of distributing Mujaha­ BEIRUT, Lebanon .-Iran's schoolchil­ deen leaflets at school. [From , Sept. 24, 1981] dren, once swept up in the revolution which After refusing to confess to plotting to kill overthrew the monarchy, now are appearing Islamic Revolutionary Guards, the traveler KHOMEINI CALLS FOR PuRGE OF LEFTIST in the ranks of leftists devoted to toppling ScHOOLCHILDREN said, interrogators burned the young man's Ayatollah Rubollah Khomeini's fundamen­ right arm, left leg and back with cigarettes. LoNDON, Sept. 23

September 30, 1981 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 22619 Dr. William E. Sharpe, a water resources What's being done to curtail acid precipi­ blamed. This argument is completely irrele­ specialist at Penn State, found that 28 tation? A lot, in Canada. Canadians know vant to the situation in the northeastern homes, or 70 percent, had lead concentra­ they have a great deal to lose besides lakes U.S., where natural sources are far too small tions-already in the water when it arrived and rivers. Forest products are the biggest to account for the observed sulfuric acid in as rainfall-in their water supplies that ex­ industry in that country. The single largest precipitation. Yes, rain in Hawaii is acid, ceeded the EPA's "safe" level (50 parts per source of sulfur dioxide emissions in North ranging from 5.2 at sea level to 4.3 at 7,500 billion>. Nine of the homes had hazardous America is the International Nickel Compa­ feet, but the scientists who documented lead concentrations caused by acid corrosion ny's nearly one-quarter-mile-high super­ this, John 0. Miller and Alan Yoshinaga of of the plumbing. "People who rely on roof stack, the tallest in the world, in Sudbury, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Ad­ catchments have very definite problems," Ontario. Every day the stack spews 2,500 ministration, have suggested that convective Sharpe says. "There are possible health ef­ tons of sulfur dioxide into the atmosphere, rainstorms may reach high up into the tro­ fects, and there are economic costs. They're and some of it reaches the U.S. The stack posphere to precipitate pollutants coming going to have to lay out $600 to $1,000 per used to exude more than 5,000 tons of from distant sources. Recently Canadian sci­ household to make rudimentary changes. sulfur dioxide a day, but INCO is now under entists reported that pollutants traveling The rural sections of Clarion and Indiana provincial orders to cut emissions to 1,950 3,000 miles and more from Europe, Asia and counties have no public water supplies, and tons a day by 1983 and make further reduc­ possibly North America are causing a perva­ there's an irony here: Deep and surface coal tions thereafter to the lowest feasible level. sive haze in the Arctic during winter and mining has polluted the ground and surface Until last year, provincial governments set spring. waters so they're unfit to drink, and the the standards for emissions of sulfur and A reduction in sulfur dioxide emissions in people have turned to the sky as a last notrogen oxides-much in the manner that the Midwest and Northeast, say of 50 per­ resort. It's the coal that's mined in the area the Reagan Administration is planning to cent, wouldn't cause a 50 percent decline in and shipped to power plants that's coming propose that emissions regulations be estab­ suspended sulfates, wet sulfur deposition back to kill their last resort." lished by individual states-but Canada and acid precipitation in the Northeast. "It Acid deposition readily affects metals, amended that law in 1980, giving Parlia­ is true that there is not a one-to-one corre­ marble and limestone, and it is accelerating ment the authority to control sources that spondence in reductions," says Oppen­ the degradation of buildings and monu­ contribute to pollution "across national heimer, who has been studying the chemical ments in the U.S. and abroad. Some of those boundaries." transformation and deposition of sulfur, affected in this country include the Statue But Canada can't go it alone. Two-thirds "but long-range transport models indicate of Liberty, the Washington Monument and of the sulfuric acid that falls there origi­ that 50 percent reductions would lead to the Capitol. "The east side of the Capitol is nates in the U.S., and Canada is waiting to very signficant decreases closer to 50 per­ white Lee ma'rble from Lee, Mass.," says Dr. see what the U.S. is going to do when Con­ cent than to zero." Erhard Winkler of Notre Dame. "There are gress and the Administration reconsider the Any acidified waters could be restored by craters one-quarter inch or more in it. It Clean Air Act, probably in December. If the liming is useful only on a limited Band-Aid looks like shrapnel has hit it. What has hap­ utility industry has its way, the U.S. will not scale for the preservation of unique fish pened is that because of acid precipitation, take effective action now. populations. "It has its place currently in the hard minerals in the marble had Utility arguments against control of emis­ fishery management, but it isn't viewed as changed to talc." With one or two exceptions, the impact of sions sometimes are absurd, but the indus­ the solution to the problem," says Cornell's acid precipitation on crops and forests has try also presents the following seemingly Schofield. Harvey of the University of To­ yet to be scientifically determined. There • cogent points: ronto says, "Let us dismiss out of hand that are more variables to contend with in terres­ It is unclear whether precipitation is be­ we can lime the northeast quadrant of a trial ecosystems than aquatic ecosystems. coming more acid in the E~t. That's true, continent." Liming also doesn't answer the But experimental work with simulated acid but there are large areas of the U.S. and other threats posed by acid precipitation. rain has shown a number of harmful effects Canada that can't endure anywhere near "In 1980 two scientists who tested ice core on crops, such as the leaching of nutrients current levels of acidity without suffering samples concluded that acid rain existed from foliage, the inhibition of nitrogen fixa­ further damage. long before the Industrial Revolution. They tion essential to photosynthesis and the re­ Fish in Florida lakes with a low pH "show found the samples, which were taken from duced yields of pinto beans and soybeans. no sign of dying." Correct. What isn't said is the Antarctic and the Himalayan Moun­ Indeed, Dr. Lance Evans of New York's that the fish are stunted and emaciated. tains, laden with acid. One sample was 350 College estimates that as a The "three lakes in the Adirondacks" ar­ years old." This "well-documented and result of acid precipitation soybean farmers gument. This is a favorite of Dr. Ralph proven information" is cited in the Edison annually suffer a loss of $50 million because Perhac of the Electric Power Research In­ Electric Institute's publication, Before the of a 1% reduction in yield. stitute. On Feb. 27, 1980, Perhac testified Rainbow: What We Know About Acid Rain. Probably the most significant work on before the House Subcommittee on Over­ This information is false. It Wfi.S based on an North American forests is that being done sight and Investigations that: "In EPRI's article that ran in The Wall Street Journal in the Green Mountains by Dr. Hubert Vo­ lake acidification study, we have found on Sept. 18, 1980. That story began, "Acid gelmann and Margaret Bliss of the Universi­ three lakes in the Adirondack Mountains of rain, a recent concern of environmentalists, ty of Vermont and Dr. Thomas E. Siccama New York State which have very different has been pelting the earth for centuries, ac­ of Yale. In a paper to be published in the acidities, yet these lakes lie within a few cording to findings by two University of Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club are known to be accumu­ didn't kill the fish. What Perhac didn't say last May at an international acid rain con­ lating in forest soils at upper elevations. was that it was determined that the likely ference at the State University of New York Since the environment of high elevations is killing agent was aluminum, mobilized by at Buffalo, William N. Poundstone, execu­ normally fragile, it is possible that recent the acid snowmelt. tive vice-president of Consolidation Coal atmopheric pollution is sufficient to tip the Acid rain is turning up in remote parts of Company, cited "research by two scientists balance of trees already growing -in a the world, such as Hawaii. Therefore acid at the University of New Hampshire. They stressed situation." rain is natural and industry cannot be studied Antarctic and Himalayan ice cores,

" 22620 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 30, 1981 dating back 350 years. Here, clearly in the The utility industry has some formidable submit that significant emissions reduc­ absence of fossil-fuel burning plants, they political allies on the state level, notably tions, if wisely applied, need not detract found pH values in the low 5s." Ohio Governor James Rhodes, who has said from economic and energy goals. Nor should Industry representatives often use argu­ that his State is no more to blame for acid the legitimate costs of production be passed ments such as the above to turn out articles rain than Florida is to blame for hurricanes. off to another party-in this case another that befuddle the public and legislators. James F. McAvoy, former director of Ohio's country. This is spurious in economic terms Since they all seem to be reaching into the Environmental Protection Agency, admitted and irresponsible in the spirit of interna­ same old bag, it's sometimes difficult to dis­ to Congress last year that his state is the tional legal considerations. cern who wrote what first. Two articles pub­ largest single emitter of sulfur dioxide in ". . . acid rain is a serious bilateral issue lished back to back in Before the Rainbow: the nation, but he refused to concede that because Canadians perceive that further What We Know About Acid Rain, a 102- acid precipitation was "a very serious prob­ delay in tackling the burgeoning threat of page paperback published by the Edison lem." McAvoy testified: "Despite the report­ acid rain can result in further incalculable Electric Institute as part of its "Decision­ ed effects of acid rain on the environment damage. Such delays would be particularly makers Bookshelf," are just about identical, we cannot afford to overreact to prelimi­ repugnant to Canadians if they were the word for word, page after page, except for nary data, especially in light of our grave result solely of narrow vested interests. the placement of some paragraphs. energy needs today ... We are aware that " ... it was an interhational arbitration in Essentially that book is a compendium of both the U.S. EPA and the White House the 1930s between Canada and the United articles intended to define the utility indus­ have stated that it will take at least 10 years States that provided what is still the clear­ try's stance on acid rain. Its tone is set by to accurately determine the extent, effects, est statement of the international law relat­ Editor Carolyn Curtis, who, after seizing sources and controls of this phenomenon. In ing to air pollution. At the conclusion of the upon the fact that "natural rain is some­ our opinion, the 10-year figure may be Trail Smelter Arbitration, in which Canada what acidic," writes, "So by all rights we overly optimistic.... " Two months ago had previously accepted liability for damage should have been saying for years, 'It's acid President Reagan nominated McAvoy for caused [to farmers] in the state of Washing­ raining outside,' or 'Take your umbrella. It's the Council on Environmental Quality. ton by fumes from a smelter in British Co­ going to acid rain today.' This sounds pre­ What do Administration officials think lumbia, the arbitral tribunal stated that 'no posterous, but it's true. Thus, our first un­ about acid precipitation? In April of 1980, state has the right to permit the use of its derstanding is that the strong verbal image, David Stockman, now the Director of the territory in such a manner as to cause 'acid rain,' elicits more fear than it de­ Office of Management and Budget, told a injury by fumes in or to the territory of an­ serves." Washington meeting of the National Asso­ Curtis also writes that "what has been other, or the properties of persons therein.' printed on this subject ranges from good ciation of Manufacturers that he was "I am certain that all responsible Ameri­ through mediocre to bad in terms of editori­ "somewhat of a self-avowed heretic" who cans accept that the rule of law should al consistency and scientific soundness. . . . didn't belong to the "choir of the faithful guide their relations with other countries as The media-which have many fine writers, committed to issuing melodious harmonies well as their internal activities. I am also editors and, yes, thinkers-have painted for to the tenets of orthodoxy regarding the certain that responsible Americans recog­ me an amusing portrait of two of our soci­ Clean Air Act.'' Addressing himself directly nize that our mutual obligations must be ety's most distinguished professions. One is to acid rain, Stockman went on to say, "I met by dealing with the causes of acid rain of a scientist who one day comes across kept reading these stories that there are 170 to prevent further damage rather than con­ some surprising information: that precipita­ lakes dead in New York that will no longer centrating on remedies for damage after it tion is higher in acidity than distilled water. carry any fish or aquatic life. And it oc­ has occurred." He scratches his head and says, 'By golly, curred to me to question ... well how much The next move is up to Congress. Of all I've been wondering why all those fish have are the fish worth in the 170 lakes that ac­ those who have addressed the issue, Oppen­ been disappearing!' The other is of a govern­ count for four percent of the lake area of heimer of EDF says it best: "We have taken ment lawmaker. He reads a report that sci­ New York? And does it make sense to spend a basic parameter of nature, snow and rain­ entists are learning rain has a higher acid billions of dollars controlling emissions from fall, which touches everything, and we have content than they realized before. He looks sources in Ohio and elsewhere if you're talk­ changed the acidity by a factor of 10 to 100 up at a staffer and shouts, 'I knew it! It's ing about very marginal volume of dollar times over normal in the last half-century. those so-and-sos in industry. They've been value, either in recreational terms or com­ Nature operates on a long time scale, but we sending stuff up in the air and now it's mercial terms?" have been making a host of changes at once, showering down on all of us.' After Stockman finished, an NAM spokes­ and all the cumulative effects of .these "If scientists and Congressmen were as man said he found it "encouraging to know changes on this country cannot be under­ overly reactive and quick to jump to conclu­ that somebody who thinks like that is still stood at once. This is a matter of grave con­ sions as that, we would not have progressed in Washington and has something to say." cern. Acid precipitation is an incipient disas­ beyond the alchemists and feudal system of Stockman has much to say now about any ter of the first order, and if we don't do .any­ the Middle Ages. On the other hand, if we approach to acid rain. As director of the thing, within 10 years we'll start to see seri­ knew all the scientific information there OMB he has oversight of all environmental ously significant effects beyond already was to know and if every law had been regulations. manifest fishless lakes."e passed, then those folks wouldn't have After the 1980 presidential elections, much to do.'' Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau of Canada Fred Johnson of the Pennsylvania Fish said he planned to discuss acid precipitation LEHMAN COLLEGE-50 YEARS OF Commission says, "The utility companies re­ with the new President at the first meeting SERVICE TO THE BRONX sponsible are dragging their feet and between the two. They met and talked in screaming and hollering that they need an­ Ottawa in March, but the signs are that other 20 years of research. If we do that, their discussion yielded little progress on HON. MARIO BIAGGI it'll be too late.... They put out propagan­ acid precipitation problems. A month after­ OF NEW YORK da, and this confuses the public, which is ward, Robin , the State Department's IN THE .HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES going to suffer in the end. I just got another specialist on pollution problems with piece of garbage in the mail today from Canada, said that any treaty with Canada Wednesday, September 30, 1981 General Public Utilities.'' on transboundary .air pollution was "at least e Mr. BIAGGI. Mr. Speaker, this past The GPU's brochure that so exercised three or four years away." Angry Canadian weekend in my hometown of the Johnson is called Take the Acid Test, and officials said that any such delay was unac­ one of the questions it asks is: Is acid rain a ceptable. Bronx, a dual celebration took place problem in Pennsylvania? GPU's answer is, Several weeks later the Administration on the campus of Herbert H. Lehman "The results of the studies to date are in­ further angered the Canadians when it College. This school, one of the finest conclusive and often downright contradicto­ failed to send its official representative­ 4-year institutions in the city of New ry. For example, the Pennsylvania Fish Frederic N. Khedouri, Associate Director of York university system, celebrated Commission is blaming increasing acidity in the OMB for Natural Resources, Energy both the 50th anniversary of the the rainfall for low fish populations in some and Science-to an acid rain conference in founding of its campus and the 2d an­ streams. But Dr. Robert P. Pfeifer, an asso­ Buffalo. Among those stood up by Khedouri niversary of its new cultural and per­ ciate professor at Pennsylvania State Uni­ was Dr. Mark MacGuigan, Canada's Secre­ versity, views acid rain as a boon to the tary of State for External Affairs. forming arts center. Pennsylvania farming community. He said MacGuigan pointedly told the conference: Lehman has made multifaceted con­ that without the sulfur and nitrogen "To . . . those who propound the view that tributions to our Bronx community as brought down by acid rain, Pennsylvania ·economic and energy considerations make well as the city of New York as a would become barren of most vegetation." significant controls unfeasible, I would whole. This began in 1931 when the September 30, 1981 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 22621 school was first established as a a cultural center would not be com­ At the same time, many private and com­ branch campus of Hunter College for plete without proper acknowledge­ munity organizations are discovering that Women, located in downtown Manhat­ ment of the man who is responsible the excellent acoustics and other amenities tan. A 2-year school was necessary in for much of this success-Or. Leonard that the Performing Arts Center offers make it an attractive facility to rent for spe­ order to respond to the increased Lief, president of Lehman. Since my cial programs and events. Recently the demand of women entering higher initial introduction to Len, I have re­ Broadway musical "Purlie" was taped at the education when the need for these mained impressed with his talent and center for Showtime, the national pay-tele­ educational services could not be ac­ his dedication to Lehman and can vision service, and 2,000 persons showed up complished downtown. easily understand why Lehman re­ for each night of the taping. Lehman College continued to grow, mains the institution it is today. He is Alan Light, managing director of the primarily as a school for women, until to be commended, along with the center, said that last year it had its share of World War II interrupted its develop­ countless other officials at the school sellouts but that this year is easier. "Busi­ ment and the U.S. military took over and the center, for providing the ness comes to us. We already have $40,000 to $50,000 in rentals." He said that this year the campus and converted it to a train­ Bronx with intellectual, economic, center officials have changed the program­ ing facility for female recruits. Leh­ social, and cultural contributions that ing a little and are more careful with the man's service to the community touch people from all walks of life. budget. became, overnight, service to our na­ I heartily congratulate Herbert H. "The first year we were flying blind," he tional defense and expanded into the Lehman College on its 50th anniversa­ said. "We have one year under our belt now, international sphere in 1946 when the ry and hope that the next 50 years and it helps. The toughest year was the first United Nations Security Council used mark success and progress matched by year, and we are over the critical period. Fi­ its facilities for meetings. that of the first 50. For the benefit of nancially, we look in good shape. We have In 1951, the school was expanded my colleagues, I would like to insert the potential to rent the halls out and in th~ next five years this will be a major facil­ into a full-fledged 4-year liberal arts an article from the New York Daily ity." institution in response to the contin­ News which details the activities of Light said that more than 60,000 persons ued demand for college opportunities. the perfo.rming Arts Center and urge came to the center last year and that this In 1968, the school officially acquired them to read it in order to understand year's subscription sales are way ahead of its name-Herbert H. Lehman Col­ the importance of support for local last's. lege-in honor of the 47th Governor arts programs in their own communi­ "We were in the most competitive market of New York. The Lehman family re­ ties. in the world. We were competing against Lincoln Center and Carnegie Hall, and tains an active interest in the work [From the Daily News, Sept. 20, 1981] that's tough competition. The Bronx had its and the contributions of the school, ARTs CENTER MAKING A Goon SHow drawbacks, but this was a nice place," he highlighted on March 28 of every year

-- 22622 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 30, 1981 price will go down, depending on the reserves held in this country by the to arbitrary, shortsighted cut-back levels set number of the audience. The hall also is Commodity Credit Corporation and without regard to the long-term and de­ available to community groups at a reasona- farmers' held reserves, we have a stag­ structive effects on individuals and commu­ ble fee." · gering surplus that can be put to use nities; and fight the Reagan attempt to mtimately, student programs and per­ divide the people through the politics of formances will take place in the hall, he alleviating the plight of the Polish people. paranoia, hatred and fear. said. MILITARY POLICY Lief said that although ticket sales are Our bountiful agricultural surplus way ahead of last year's pace, they alone do and extended farm credits can make a Increasing military spending results in not cover the cost of operating the center. difference in Poland that would make rising unemployment and higher inflation The college must depend on outside grants all Americans proud. I ask that the as workers and resources are moved from ci­ as well. vilian to military industries. The U.S. econo­ House send a clear message to the my is becoming more crippled and more de­ "It is a terribly expensive undertaking," President on this issue.e he said. "Last year we were experimenting pendent upon competitors like Japan and and tried a lot of things. We booked too Germany, which devote research, talent and much and were not sure of our audience. capital to manufactured consumer items COALITION FOR AN ALTERNA­ while U.S. research, talent and capital are This year we are doing much better in con­ TIVE BUDGET HEARING trolling our costs and in being more selec­ devoted to non-consumable, resource-de­ tive in our programing." vouring weapons. Lief said that visitors to the center have HON. LOUIS In calling for 9 percent growth in military said to him, "Gee, I didn't know you had all OF OHIO spending above the inflation rate, the this." IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Reagan budget will increase misery and ex­ "If we can get people to come here, to a acerbate our industrial problems. A study Bronx institution, to a city institution with Wednesday, September 30, 1981 by Dr. James Anderson concludes that the attractive grounds, I think we will have suc­ • Mr. STOKES. Mr. Speaker, on July military tax burden for the next five years ceeded."e will cost the average Cleveland-area family 18, I had the opportunity to partici­ $23,000. By comparison, between 1970 and pate in one of the most candid and ob­ 1979 the average area family lost $14,636 of ADDITIONAL AGRICULTURAL jective hearings I can recall on the ef­ our Pentagon tax to other areas of the CREDITS FOR POLAND fects of the Reagan budget cuts. The Country, most notably the sunbelt. Worse, hearing was organized by the Coali­ these vast increases will weaken our nation­ tion for an Alternative Budget in al security. HON. FRANK J. GUARINI Cleveland. These hearings were co­ The question must be asked, what will OF NEW JERSEY chaired by myself and my distin­ this unparalleled shift in budgetary prior­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ities buy us? These are our choices: $9 mil­ guished colleague from the 22d Con­ lion equals 1 Navy A-6E "Intruder" or em­ Wednesday, September 30, 1981 gressional District of Ohio, DENNIS ployment for nearly 100,000 youth for a e Mr. GUARINI. Mr. Speaker, I have EcKART. My distinguished colleague, year at minimum wage; $4.3 billion equals introduced a resolution today on Congresswoman MARY ROSE 0AKAR, of 860 miles of subway tunnel for the MX mis­ the 20th Congressional District of sile or pay the bill for the entire U.S. mass behalf of myself and my colleagues, Ohio also attended. Representatives transit system for 2 years; $23 million equals - Representatives BOLAND, DOWNEY, from a variety of community based or­ 2 Minuteman III missiles or subsidize the FARY, and FORSYTHE urging the Presi­ ganizations were present to assess the whole Nation's immunization system for a dent to extend such agricultural cred­ year; $3 billion equals 1 nuclear aircraft car­ its to Poland as are necessary for the impact of the cuts taking into account rier or operate 1,000 public schools for an purchase of the agricultural foodstuffs the current conditions within the com­ entire year. needed to relieve Poland of its current munity. We call upon our Representatives not to As we prepare for another round of scramble for defense contracts for our area shortages. budget cuts which could further im­ but to: take the leadership to secure a more­ While we are all aware of the brav­ peril programs for the poor and disad­ humane future for our people; support the ery of the Polish people as they con­ vantaged, I ask my colleagues to Nuclear Weapons Freeze Campaign; support tinue their flight from Russian domi­ review the hearing summary. At this transfer amendments to rearrange budget nation, few Americans are aware of priorities; stop all MX funding; establish a the bleak economic conditions now time, I would like to insert in the national Commission on Conversion and re­ facing Poland. Supermarket shelves in RECORD, information from the Coali­ quire Pentagon industrial contractors to Poland stand virtually empty while tion for an Alternative Budget hearing create management/employee committees long lines gather outside. in Cleveland: to draft alternative-use plans. An economic breakdown may do SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS TAX POLICY AND REINDUSTRIALIZATION more to cripple Polish resolve than INTRODUCTION The "grand macro design" of supply side Russian tanks. As shortages of food­ The following is a summary and conclu­ economics cannot work with the objectives sions of testimony presented to Cleveland stated in Reagan's timeframe. One can't cut stuffs and consumer commodities grow area Congressmen on the local impact of taxes, restrict the growth of the money to dangerous levels, the Polish Gov­ the Reagan budget priorities. This hearing supply, increase GNP, increase productivity, ernment will no doubt face civil was attended by over 200 individuals repre­ cut government spending, raise military disturbances. Such a direct assault on senting over 80 organizations which repre­ spending, increase revenues to government the Polish Government would be all sent several hundred thousand constituents. and balance the budget all at the same time. the reason the Soviet Union needs to Supporting statements from intervene. are on file in sponsoring Congressmen's of­ the public sector to the private sector; (2) Mr. Speaker, the people of this coun­ fices. Testimony resulted mainly from task within government from the social to the forces that looked into areas of the pro­ military and (3) from the wealthy and pow­ try have always had strong ties with posed federal budget which contained exces­ erful to the even more wealthy and more the people of Poland. I am proud of sive allocations and inequitable tax expendi­ powerful. This is the discredited "trickle our record of support for the Polish tures, as contrasted with areas of unfulfilled down" theory in its latest disguise. people. In light of the serious nature human needs of constituents. By our testi­ Taxes from this area have flowed to of the Polish economic crisis and the mony we urge our Congressional delegation Washington for years and have been used to dangers this imposes on Poland, I be­ to: continue their fight for the health, inter­ build the sunbelt; nothing in the Reagan lieve it important for us to continue ests, rights and needs of the people of program targets business tax breaks to the· both moral and economic help to Cleveland; commit themselves to a budget­ frostbelt or areas of high unemployment or ing process under the control of Congress even to productive investment. The business Poland. with real citizen input on a regular basis, tax cuts, a whopping Va reduction, will go Therefore, I urge th·e President to not this sham called reconciliation; oppose mainly to the 1,700 largest firms <80 percent extend additional agricultural credits excessive and wasteful military expendi­ of benefits). About o/s of benefits go to in­ to Poland beyond the $670 million ex­ tures and unjust tax expenditures; fund pro­ dustries that have provided roughly only 4 tended in 1980. With the agricultural grams to the full level of human needs, not percent of new jobs in the last 20 years. The September 30, 1981 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 22623 real creators of new jobs-small businesses­ Hawkins Full Employment Act, and to back suiting declining public school enrollment get essentially nothing for reinvestment. In up this demand with legal action if neces­ and Ohio's funding formula, based upon some cases, giveaways are known to be sary. An AFSCME study shows 1.4 million per-pupil attendance, would rapidly result greater than potential investment-coupling jobs will be lost in the public sector with in grossly-inferior schools. accelerated depreciation with investment passage of the Reagan plan. Studies done by Administration-proposed cuts of $3 billion tax credits means $1 invested will enable a the lAM conclusively prove that military in higher education would end higher edu­ $1.20 writeoff from income tax returns. The spending provides far fewer jobs than cation for all but an elite. Teacher Centers, tax shift is dramatically seen in reduction of money spent on virtually any other sector. which cost 13/100 of 1 percent of the De­ the corporate income taxes as a percentage Therefore, the Reagan weapons buildup will partment of Education Budget, have proven of federal government revenues-from 23 severely decrease employment. to be cost effective and productive and percent in 1960 to 12.4 percent now, to Numerous studies prove that unemploy­ should be maintained as a categorical pro­ about 7 percent under the Reagan plan. Our ment fuels our social probleins, showing gram. Headstart has proven very effective current level of approximately $300 billion direct links with crime increases and many and should suffer no decrease in funds. The in tax expenditures does not need to be in­ illnesses ranging from hypertension and Child Nutrition and School Lunch Program creased but reviewed, with loopholes closed. heart disease to alcoholism, mental illness, is essential for effective learning of many The 10-5-3 so-called reindustrialization plan family abuse and disintegration and even children and should not be reduced. Bilin­ will really result in paper investments such suicide. The effects of unemployment cost gual education must be continued if millions as Mobil's attempted takeover of Conoco. taxpayers billions of dollars which could in­ of youngsters are to enjoy the benefits of The benefits of this so-called reindustriali­ stead be used to constructively employ education so necessary in a technological so­ zation will go to corporations and the super­ people. ciety. Continuation of the Department of rich while paid for by workers and the We need legislation to restrain our major Education is necessary for national direc­ needy. industries from running away to low-wage tion and coordination of education policy. FOREIGN POLICY havens in the south, west and overseas. SOCIAL SECURITY Who will be able to buy products so pro­ While funds for 350 domestic prograins duced if cities such as Youngstown, Akron Thirty-five million Americans who receive are being reduced or eliminated, the Reagan Social Security benefits were promised by Administration is demanding spending for and Cleveland are devastated? Can we as a nation afford to wastefully duplicate the President Reagan that benefits to which new strategic and conventional weapons. In costly infrastructures of these cities else­ they were already entitled would not be cut. 1982 alone, the Administration budget is $25 where? Don't loyal employees whose labor These citizens have been victimized in his billion above that proposed by Pres. Carter. budget. The Administration is basing its buildup produced such profitability have some rights to secure jobs? Fifty percent of all older Americans rely of the military on distortions and exaggera­ on Social Security as their main source of tions of the threat the Soviet Union poses We need legislation to share the work by reducing the workweek with no loss in pay. income and 10 million have no other to the U.S. Yet the U.S. and U.S.S.R. have income. On the average this amounts to signed 340 basic pacts and 16 arins control We need increased, not decreased, job train­ ing and retraining prograins so those wish­ $3,960/year while the "poverty level" is de­ agreements. All have been honored. fined as $4,200/year. Inflation along with The emphasis on military and armaments ing to climb out of poverty and contribute to our society can develop skills to do so. We Reagan's cuts and delayed COLA increases has led to reduction of concern for basic only serve to worsen already miserable eco­ needs of developing countries which, ethical support the Weiss Youth Employment Bill as an alternative to reinstitution of the nomic conditions. considerations aside, is bad for business and The Reagan program, which emphasizes in disregard of international diplomacy. draft. We implore you to take the civil unrest in Britain as a warning. guns over butter, is unnecessary. The fol­ The abandonment of a Human Rights lowing would strengthen and make fairer HUMAN SERVICES Policy in support of any government which our present Social Security System: (1) tax professes to be anti-Soviet, regardless of the Human services are often criticized be­ employers on total payroll; <2> raise the repression and terroristic acts of that gov­ cause of abuses; victims are blamed but the maximum taxable wage so high earners pay ernment against its citizen, could soon real abusers are some greedy providers of their fair share; <3> separate the Trust result in more Irans, or worse, for our services. Cuts in human service prograins Funds from the unified budget and infuse Nation. will cause enormous suffering and increase general revenues into Social Security until DISCRIMINATION long-term costs. Single-parent families are one third of the system is financed this way; Loss of education funds and legal services major targets through cuts in day care as <4> provide inter-trust-fund borrowing to to end discrimination will prevent minori­ are the elderly through cuts like those in prevent short-term threat of Old Age and ties, women and the handicapped from ob­ congregate meals, outreach and transporta­ Survivors Insurance Fund insolvency. tion. taining education and skills necessary to HEALTH escape the poverty cycle. Already victimized Reductions in unemployment insurance by discrimination these groups and the poor and social security will force people into the The Administration's approach to health will not have recourse to private legal serv­ welfare system and increase demand for al­ combines a vast array of categorical pro­ ices or other supports. ready-burdened and slated-for-cuts human grains into three block grants administered The elimination of CETA jobs strikes par­ and mental health services. Women will by states and local governments-without ticularly at minorities, youth and women, either have to be on welfare or go to school priorities, standards, regulations or guide­ who together comprise 70 percent of CETA or work and neglect their young children. lines-and would reduce federal dollars 25 participation. Many eliminated jobs in edu­ Block grants will not provide for needs. percent in fiscal year 1982. These represent cation and social services affect women. States are unable to provide for human major threats to health care, especially for Blacks, Hispanics and women will be forced service and mental health needs and seek to the poor. into permanent unemployment or main­ escape these responsibilities. Cuts must be In emphasizing competition rather than tained in very low paying positions. These restored and support increased to help health planning, the Administration is pro­ cuts occur as authorities recognize the need people get off welfare and help the elderly moting profits for the medical industry to for increased educational and vocational and disabled lead healthy, secure lives. The the detriment of public health. services for minorities, women. the handi­ preservation of our democratic heritage de­ Cuts in family planning funds will at least capped and the poor. pends on how well we meet the basic needs double welfare and health costs and cuts in Cuts in health care particularly harm of people. the WIC program will result in far more women and children. Loss of family plan­ EDUCATION children who are retarded or have serious health probleins. Drastic reductions in dol­ ning funds curtails the ability of women to It is an outrage that takes plan childbearing and forces more women lars for health planning and preventive care money from public schools and channels it will cause astronomical increases in the and children onto welfare rolls. into excessive military expenditures. The Restoration of budget cuts, expansion of need for hospital beds and increases in OEA sees a pattern emanating from the dental probleins and communicable diseases, remedial prograins, reinstatement of legal Reagan administration designed to destroy services to guarantee rights can be accom­ including tuberculosis, among all segments public education; the AFT sees the disad­ of U.S. society. plished by shifting money from the mili­ vantaged and handicapped as suffering tary. great losses. HOUSING FULL EMPLOYMENT The Reagan block grant approach would Administration cuts in federal housing We call upon Congress to demand a full result in elimination of valuable prograins. prograins will serve to deepen the housing and complete statement of the effects of Tuition tax credits at all levels are opposed crisis facing many moderate and low-income Reagan Administration prograins on em­ by OEA for they would, in effect, cause tax­ families. As federal subsidies and housing ployment, as mandated in the Humphrey- ation for private and public schools. The re- decrease, these families will pay an increas- 22624 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 30, 1981 ing percentage of their income for housing. ents who are below the poverty level an un­ sad, as we do. This golden door is now shut At the same time curtailment of Section 312 acceptable amount of their incomes <$350/ to the working people and the disadvan­ Weatherization loans will place these same year for an AFDC family of 4). The 20 per­ taged in this Country and you, Congress­ households at the mercy of utility compa­ cent cut means rent, utility and food pay­ men, must open it up again. nies, as it is now less likely their residences ments cannot be met. Of the 22 million There has been no Congressional nor Ad­ will be properly insulated. people receiving food stamps, lf2 subsist on ministration assessment of the real level of At a time when only 1 family in 8 earning less than $3,600/year and 3/4ths on less than need in the areas on which we have testi­ less than $5000/year receives federal hous­ $4,500/year. Such a cut would be devastat­ fied; there has been no Congressional ing assistance, 4/5ths of the households ing and further deteriorate the nutritional matching of resources to meet our real earning over $50,000/year received a month­ levels of these families. needs. We urge our representatives to fight ly subsidy of $309. The real housing costs in WELFARE this sham budget process masquerading as the federal budget are tax expenditures. In Reagan's cuts in AFDC are even more dev­ reconciliation and to reassert their power of 1979 the cost to the government of housing­ astating when state funds are included. This the purse over the Reagan Administration related tax expenditures was $21.2 billion. reduces benefits for 25,000 Ohioans and ter- in establishing national priorities.e This compares with a 22-year total of $20.6 . minates benefits for 50,000 more living at or billion spent on public housing from 1937 near the poverty level. Most damaged would through 1979. This tax policy fuels inflation be working families headed by poor women DAVID STOCKMAN'S PRESS RE­ and disproportionately benefits middle and or low-income males. LEASE OPPOSING THE SUGAR upper-income citizens. The loss of $13.6 billion from AFDC and PROGRAM It is far more equitable to continue to pro­ food stamps; reductions in Medicaid, ex­ vide funds to develop public housing, reha­ tended unemployment benefits and rent as­ bilitate existing homes and support commu­ sistance for working poor will strike a blow HON. PETER A. PEYSER nity development/neighborhood programs against the American family. Cohabitation, OF NEW YORK for low and moderate-income households. desertion and dishonesty will be encouraged IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES This would avoid the devastating impact in order for the needy to survive. planned cuts will have on households least Wednesday, September 30, 1981 able to cope with them. ENVIRONMENT Proposals to return control of environ­ e Mr. PEYSER. Mr. Speaker, it is ENERGY mental programs to the states are wrong. noteworthy that the Director of OMB, The energy crisis is a great dilemma Federal involvement came about because David Stockman, while serving in the facing U.S. citizens. Reaganomics increases the states did not address these concerns. dependence on expensive and/or non-renew­ House was a leading opponent of pro­ To correct alleged over-regulation of in­ posed sugar price support programs, able energy sources and cuts funding for al­ dustry, Administration policies reduce ternatives and conservation. A $2 billion OSHA funding and standards. Simulta­ both in 1978 and again in 1979. For subsidy for nuclear electricity is outrageous: neously, these policies undermine workers' the information of my colleagues, I nuclear is the most-expensive form of powers of collective bargaining to negotiate insert in the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD a energy; nuclear investment creates few jobs protection from genetically-dangerous and news release issued by then Congress­ and subsidies represent welfare for corpora­ carcinogenic chemicals. Workers in hazard­ man Stockman regarding the proposed tions and the rich. It's now obvious giant ous environments and the public exposed to sugar price support program. The energy corporations won't provide capital toxic wastes must have the right to know news release follows: for energy solutions which serve our human the dangers they are facing through manda­ needs and best interests. Spending on alter­ tory labelling and must be informed by cor­ [News Release of Congressman Dave native energy, conservation and mass trans­ porations of any physical damages-includ­ Stockman, Aug. 18, 19781 portation helps relieve high energy prices ing genetic-that are known. Company poli­ STOCKMAN SCORES SUGAR AcT STAGGERING and is non-inflationary. cies which deny employment to groups par­ CONSUMER BURDEN, ARTIFICIAL SWEETENER A national energy policy· is needed which: ticularly vulnerable to toxic chemicals are FOR BIG SUGAR COMPANIES meets basic energy needs of all our people; violations of principles of equality and Congressman Dave Stockman , decreases dependence on non-renewable should be prosecuted. The only fair and ac­ joined by a bi-partisan coalition of House fuels businesses with the potential to solve treatment of disease. The new attack on en­ uled for Floor action later this week, could many energy problems and employ more vironmental standards emasculates enforce­ increase consumer sugar costs by a "stagger­ people <68 percent>. The ultimate folly of ment by severe underfunding and rule ing $6 billion" over the next five years. current policy is the Clinch River Breeder changes. Stockman said that the bill "culminates a Reactor. Economically unjustifiable, it cre­ Good mass transportation and urban deplorable game of 'up the ante' which has ates thousands of years of health hazards parks are essential to full employment, good been pursued over the past 15 months by a and an insane increased threat of nuclear economy and quality of life and require con­ determined special interest lobby consisting weapons proliferation. tinued federal support. of domestic sugar growers and the big inte­ FOOD AND NUTRITION CONCLUSIONS TO TESTIMONY grated sugar companies." The Children's Defense Budget represents The Alternative Budget Coalition thanks The Michigan Republican noted that the the most sensible and humane approach to Congressman Louis Stokes, Congressman world sugar price is currently 8¢ per pound food and nutrition for low-income families. John Seiberling and Congressman Dennis and that until June It opposes cuts in these areas and proposes Eckart for meeting with us. We appreciate 1977, the domestic price was about 11¢ per expansion of programs such as WIC and the fact that you have not deserted us and pound. The difference represented a modest Food Stamps. want you to know that we are monitoring u.s. tariff on 50 percent of the nation's For example, the WIC Program benefits all legislative activities these days. We be­ sugar supply which has traditionally been 2.2 million pregnant and lactating women, lieve that true security begins at home by imported. infants, and children who subsist on low in­ meeting basic human needs. "Last year the sugar lobby succeeded in comes and have health problems related to Congressmen, there is a beautiful statue attaching the de la Garza amendment to childbirth and growth. Proposed cuts mean of a woman which stands at the gateway of the farm bill, which had the effect of dou­ 700,000 recipients will be eliminated from these great United States of America and bling the tariff, raising the domestic price to the rolls, and another 100,000 persons wait­ proclaims the following symbolic message to 14¢ per pound, and adding $1 billion to con­ ing will never be served. WIC cuts long-term the world: "Give me your tired, your poor, sumer sugar costs," he said. costs. At $300/pregnancy, billions in institu­ your huddled masses yearning to breathe Each 1¢ increase in the domestic price in­ tional care, special education and related free, the wretched refuse of your teeming creases consumer costs by $270 million an­ health services are saved through proper shores. Send these, the homeless, tempest nually according to Stockman. nutrition during pregnancy and infancy. tossed, to me. I lift my lamp beside the "But apparently, this huge windfall was Proposed Food Stamp cuts, as another ex­ golden door." This proud woman must now not enough," he added. "The bill before the ample, would cost the 90 percent of recipi- be holding her head down in shame and feel House will raise the domestic price to 16¢ September 30, 1981 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 22625 immediately and, by means of an escalator this country to greater heights and are that it has fallen by nearly 40 per­ clause, to 25¢ per pound by 1982." will help to make our Nation stronger_ cent. And it is no wonder when you Stockman said that this will result in a do­ I am particularly proud of the Ala­ consider that short-term interest costs mestic sugar price that will be triple the 1981 current world price. That higher price is a bama delegates to the Young have risen 29 percent, real estate inter­ 130% increase over the level that prevailed Democrats of America's Convention in est rates are up 19 percent, fuel costs "before this whole sugar caper was Philadelphia, at which one of my con­ are up 29 percent and fertilizer is up launched last year." stituents, Roger Bedford, was elected 23 percent. And the double-digit infla­ The Michigan Republican also charged national treasurer of that organiza­ tion rates are chiseling away at farm­ that the bill is "a corporate welfare measure tion. ers' income each time they drive down disguised as an aid to small farmers." He Alabama's delegation to that conven­ to the store. said that the 30 largest sugar companies in­ tion was instrumental in helping to But unlike most other businesses, cluding Amstar, Amfac and Jim Walter Cor­ shape a sound national platform for poration, all with annual sales in excess of farmers have not been able to make up $1 billion, would receive 25% of the windfall the Young Democrats of America, and for their rising production costs by revenues generated by the bill. they demonstrated a keen knowledge raising their prices. Prices farmers re­ Stockman said that the bill amounts to of the American political institution. ceive for their goods simply have not "government imposed price fixing" because It is a personal pleasure for me to kept up with their rising costs of pro­ it potentially would require the Agriculture read their names into the RECORD and duction. And so they fall further and Department to reduce imports every 20 days to praise them for a job well done. further into debt. by increasing the tariff or lowering quotes Rodney K. Anderson, Gardendale, And now, to pound the nails into the in order to maintain the artificial support Ala.; Roger H. Bedford, Jr., ­ price. "Thus, if consumers protest higher coffin, farmers can not even afford to sugar prices by reducing consumption, it ville, Ala.; Benjamin Edward Carswell, go into debt, since the interest rates will have no effect on the rigged price. It Montgomery, Ala.; Patricia R. Clem, alone will run them out of business. will just back-out more imports from the Birmingham, Ala.; LoriAnne Danley, Mr. Speaker, it is time for our coun­ U.S. market." Montevallo, Ala.; Regina B. Edwards, try to decide that it is not going to let Stockman also said that the bill amounts Birmingham, Ala.; Thomas R. Ed­ these family farmers go out of busi­ to a "bail out for speculative investments wards, Birmingham, Ala.; Ann W. ness. Over the past decade, the Con­ that have gone sour." After world sugar Flowers, Bay Minette, Ala.; Timothy gress has voted to bail out New York prices temporarily soared in 1974, Stockman Mark Hermetz, Cullman, Ala.; Geri explained, substantial acreage was diverted City. And it has voted to bail out an into sugar cultivation and new sugar proc­ Anita Horn, Birmingham, Ala.; Karen industrial giant like Chrysler. And Mr. essing facilities were opened or expanded. Andrea Horn, Birmingham, Ala.; Ran­ Speaker, the farmers in my district When world prices receded to more normal dall V. Houston, Tuscaloosa, Ala.; Pat­ and throughout the country have paid levels, these new, high cost production areas rick Allen Jones, Gurley, Ala.; Russ their share of the cost of the bailouts were left unable to compete. "Now they McDonald, Madison, Ala.; John Car­ through their taxes. seek shelter under a rigged price umbrella roll Meehan, Birmingham, Ala.; J. The Congress voted in favor of these at the expense of the consumer and U.S. Russell Moore, Montgomery, Ala.; foreign trade." bailouts because they were considered Alfred Seawright, Montgomery, Ala.; essential to our national economy. Further, Stockman charged that the pro­ Frances H. Smiley, Montgomery, Ala.; posed sugar act would "sabotage" important Well, Mr. Speaker, there's no ques­ U.S. foreign trade and economic initiatives. Freida E. Stewart, Decatur, Ala.; Mark tion about it, I would hate to imagine He said that the recently negotiated Inter­ Raymond Tygielski, Huntsville, Ala.; our country without family farms. national Sugar Agreement, which seeks to Oakley Kevin Vincent, University, They are most certainly essential to stabilize world sugar prices, "will never get Ala.; Baron LaRue Walker, Montgom­ our country. off the ground if the U.S., which absorbs ery, Ala.; Sam Welch, Monroeville, Think about it. When the colonists nearly 30% of world sugar exports, precipi­ Ala.; Dennis L. Wills, Birmingham, tously closes its ports to foreign supplies. He first arrived on the shores of America Ala., Beverly Ruth Wilson, Florence, to settle this great land, they laid the also said that the current effort of U.S. Ala.; E. Beatrice Wilson, Birmingham, trade negotiator Robert Strauss to open the foundation of our entire economy on Japanese and Western European markets to Ala.e family farms. And this foundation has U.S. agricultural exports like wheat, soy­ held firm, providing the firm and de­ beans and feed grains, "will ring pretty AGRICULTURE AND FOOD ACT pendable base for our economy that is hollow if we suddenly erect a trade wall now a giant in the world. around our sugar market." OF 1981 Finally, Stockman noted that in the last We cannot afford to neglect this decade the U.S. had directly or indirectly HON. HAROLD ROGERS sure foundation. appropriated nearly $6 billion in develop­ OF KENTUCKY Whether you come from agricultural ment assistance to the 11 leading LDC sugar districts or whether you come from exporters. "By eliminating the U.S. market IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the cities of the Northeast, we all have for their sugar production," he concluded, Wednesday, September 30, 1981 a stake in the survival of the family "we seem to be saying we would rather give farm. them a taxpayer-financed hand out than an e Mr. ROGERS. Mr. Speaker, the Ag­ opportunity to earn foreign exchange by riculture and Food Act of 1981 will For starters, we all rely on them for the sweat and industry of their own provide the Congress with the first our food. Not one city could survive people."e chance we have had this year to take a without a strong agricultural base to serious look at the condition of farm­ supply it with food. ers. But equally important are the values SALUTE TO ALABAMA'S YOUNG And, Mr. Speaker, it is high time we which they give our country. They en­ DEMOCRATS took a careful look at what has been courage the hard work, the neighborli­ happening to our farms, and decided ness, the practical care for family and HON. TOM BEVILL on a course of action to keep the friends which we must never forget. OF ALABAMA family farm from going out of busi­ The cold corporate farm businesses IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ness. will never be able to replace the values There is no question about it, small given to us by these family farms Wednesday, September 30, 1981 farms throughout the country and in which have built up our communities. e Mr. BEVILL. Mr. Speaker, the State the Fifth District of Kentucky are Finally, agricultural communities of Alabama, and the Nation, are finding themselves in terribly dire throughout the country rely on family indeed fortunate to have bright young straits. farms. Without them, entire local and people who are interested in politics. On the one hand, net farm income is State economies would absolutely col­ These leaders of tomorrow, will take falling. Over the last year, estimates lapse. There is no doubt about it-we 22626 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 30, 1981 cannot get by without the family and categorically dismiss the idea that ty grow from farmland to become the door­ farms. we must reduce benefits as a first way to Manhattan. Over the next few days, the Con­ resort. Thousands of Nassau and Suffolk motor­ gress will be considering many of the Social security is a covenant between ists, who travel on the LIE and those who leave the highway at its Greenpoint Ave. specific commodity and farm assist­ the American worker and his or her exit for streets leading to the Queensboro ance programs. I urge you to consider Government. The worker fulfills their Bridge, rush past the church's towering these points and join with me in fight­ end of the bargain when they contrib­ steeple every day on their way to the towers ing to keep these essential programs.e ute weekly or monthly or annually a of commerce across the East River. portion of their hard earned wage into Many of those suburban commuters are the social security trust fund. The former parishioners who will be returning NEW SOCIAL SECURITY BILL Government cannot go back on its end for today's Mass, being celebrated by Bishop INTRODUCED of the bargain by reducing benefits. Joseph of Brooklyn. Many also will be attending St. Raphael's Centennial I urge my colleagues to give this leg­ Dinner-Dance next Friday at the Astorian HON. MARIO BIAGGI islation careful consideration. I con­ Manor, Astoria. · OF NEW YORK tend that a combination of this bill But to the parishioners who stayed IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and temporary interfund borrowing behind in Long Island City, some of them in Wednesday, September 30, 1981 should place the social security system homes they've owned for half of the on sound ground for the next 10 church's life and more, the centennial is • Mr. BIAGGI. Mr. Speaker, as an years.e tinged with memories of quieter, less crowd­ original member of the House Select ed times. Committee on Aging I have a deep and "Back in the 1920s, Hughie McCullough abiding interest in the social security THE 100TH ANNIVERSARY OF ST. had a dairy farm over where part of the Ex­ system. I believe the present and RAPHAEL'S pressway runs now," recalled Thomas Gib­ bery, 73, of 50-35 38th St. "He had an old future status of the system is the pre­ horse and he used to give the kids free rides eminent issue before Congress today. HON. GERALDINE A. FERRARO on it on Sundays." In the previous months there has OF NEW YORK "Greenpoint Ave. was a dirt road in those been extensive discussion in Congress IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES days," said Agnes Feerick, 80, of 38-19 48th and within the administration on solu­ Ave. tions to cope with the present prob­ Wednesday, September 30, 1981 "This whole area was called Blissville lems afflicting the old age and survi­ eMs. FERRARO. Mr. Speaker, I after a man named Bliss who once owned vors insurance fund. would like to take this opportunity to the whole place," she continued. "The sec­ The two schools of thought are basi­ call to the attention of my distin­ tion of blocks closest to St. Raphael's guished colleagues the 100th anniver­ became known as Churchtown." cally as follows. The first school is The present church is actually the second that approach adopted by the current sary of St. Raphael's Roman Catholic St. Raphael's to occupy the site. The parish administration; cut benefits as the Church in Long Island City, N.Y. was carved out of St. Mary's of Winfield in first solution to the current fiscal For a century St. Raphael's Church what is now Woodside in 1868. St. Mary's problems affecting the system. has been working very closely with the founder, a French priest named Theodore The second school of thought says Long Island City community. St. Goetz, also opened the first St. Raphael's. find new avenues to fund the trust Raphael's has brought a spiritual "The people were largely composed of im­ funds such as general revenue financ­ closeness to our neighborhoods and migrants from Ireland with a small number has played an instrumental role in from Germany," a church history reveals. ing. "Despite the poverty and paucity of his con­ Both schools of thought-especially making Long Island City a better gregation, Rev. Goetz erected within a year the first-have serious problems asso­ place to live. of his coming a beautiful stone church of ciated with them. St. Raphael's, the oldest Catholic Flemish design." Today I have introduced legislation church building in , was the That church was torn down and replaced which I hope will present a new alter­ founding parish for many of the other by the larger, present church in 1881. Much native for present and future social se­ churches in Queens. St. Raphael's cen­ of the excavation and construction work curity trust funding. My bill would tennial celebration is a result of the was done late at night as a labor of love by many fine and devoted people of Long Irish ditch diggers and hod carriers who earmark up to 25 percent of the reve­ toiled all day on the subways, tunnels and nues raised from the windfall profit Island City who have dedicated their buildings of New York. tax to establish a new social security lives to making this parish a success. In 1932, a fire destroyed the original stee­ reserve trust fund. If the tax gener­ St. Raphael's parish is to be com­ ple. Steve Gregory, 62, a retired fireman ates the expected $227 billion in reve­ mended for their dedication to those who lived near the church at the time, has nues over its 10-year lifespan that values in life which are often ignored, vivid memories of the blaze. could mean as much as $50 billion but are invaluable in our everyday "People were standing across the street, being available for this fund. The re­ lives: Family, community, and devo­ praying that the church would not be de­ tion to God. stroyed," Gregory said. "As the cross on top serve fund would only be tapped if any of the steeple slowly leaned over and fell, of the three trust funds were to fall Mr. Speaker, at this time I would most of us cried." short of available resources to honor like to insert into the ·RECORD an arti­ The rest of the church was saved, howev­ obligations. During those times when cle which appeared in the New York er, and the steeple was rebuilt just the way the funds were not used-they would Daily News, Sunday, September 27, it had been, Gregory said. In February 1980, be invested in the highest yield Gov­ 1981, honoring St. Raphael's. a new electronic carillon was installed to ernment or Government-backed secu­ [From the New York Daily News, Sept. 27, call parishioners to pray and Mass with mu­ 1981] sical chimes. rities. A more disastrous fire in 1955 gutted the This is an alternative to general rev­ PEALS OF JOY FOR 100 GOOD YEARS old rectory and claimed the life of the Rev. enue financing in that funds used for Philippines, Thailand, Ivory Coast, and To WITHDRAW SUPPORT FOR THE MILITARY In his first offical appearance as the new some 15 similar cases. JUNTA IN EL SALVADOR president of the World Bank, A. W. recommendations ultimately were adopted. tant component in this system with 10 WASHINGTON.-A generation ago, a panel But they didn't score on hamburger. In percent of our students enrolled in pri­ of efficiency experts surveyed the govern­ 1955, the commission complained that the vate schools, they also employ 11 per­ ment, suggested that the Cabinet should be Navy had accumulated enough canned ham­ cent of the teachers and account for reorganized, found the bureaucracy bound burger to last 60 years. The Navy said that about 10 percent of the high school up in red tape and complained that the wasn't so, insisting that there were only graduates. But even though these Navy had a 60-year supply of hamburger. enough cans for four years. schools generate at least 10 percent of The Cabinet later was changed. The Navy And President Eisenhower said it wouldn't insisted there was no hamburger glut. The have lasted nearly that long. He said they the output of education, they only ac­ government still manufactures red tape. would all be gone within a week if every count for about 6 percent of the total Congress is considering a reincarnation of mess in the Navy served canned hamburgers funds spend in the United States as a that efficiency panel to conduct a two-year every day. He didn't say what that would whole. Thus, while private schools re­ study of the effectiveness of government have done for, or to, morale. ceive few Federal dollars, they deserve and to recommend steps to make it better. to be compensated for these low costs The new commission, like its predecessors, [From the Christian Science Monitor, Sept. with tax credits that will allow them may be headed by a former Republican 10, 1981] to maintain current enrollments and president. Gerald R. Ford is a leading pros­ U.S. ADVISORY BODY WILL TRY To UNRAVEL pect to become chairman of the Commission BUREAUCRATIC KNOT keep tuition costs down. on More Effective Government, just as the We should, on the Federal level, be late Herbert Hoover headed 1947 and 1953 (By Brad Knickerbocker> in the business of encouraging good panels. Those commissions looked into the One can argue persuasively that this schools to continue their work if we operation of a federal government that had year's startling actions on budget, taxes, are really committed to quality educa­ grown swiftly, and without blueprint, regulations, and intergovernmental rela­ tion for all students. That is precisely during and just after World War II. tions are proof that the "Reagan revolu­ why tuition tax credits are so impor­ "The perception is widely held again tion" is already reality. today by the American people that their But there is widespread movement afoot tant at a time when the Federal Gov­ government is not performing adequately," in Washington to make even deeper and ernment is withdrawing funds from said the sponsors of the new study. "Many more lasting changes in government oper­ educational programs at all levels-an Americans see the rapid growth of govern­ ations. action I do not support. Nonetheless, ment ... during the last 20 years as a major Its model is the Hoover Commission, a education, which has been one of the contributor to the decline in quality of gov­ blue-ribbon panel that had significant most embattled elements of the Feder­ ernment performance." impact on the structure and business of gov­ al budget of late, deserves a break. The earlier panels produced scores of pro­ ernment in the years following World War That break can be through tuition tax posals, major and minor, that shaped the II. It enjoys broad bipartisan support rang­ way federal budgets are assembled and pre­ ing from conservatives enjoying new-found credits. sented. power to unrepentant liberals. The White I am heartened to learn that the ad­ Hoover Commission proposals were the House likes the idea, and so does the "citi­ ministration has set up a Cabinet-level basis for the reorganization that led to the zens' lobby," Common Cause. task force to coordinate a policy in creation of the Department of Health, Edu­ Specifically, bills progressing through this area. I pledge my support for cation and Welfare. It has since been divid- Congress would establish a new "Commis- 22630 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 30, 1981 sion on More Effective Government." The The Hoover Commission did its important SHE LIVED TO SEE A DREAM commission's broad mandate would be to work at a time when the United States was COME TRUE probe the management, organization, and entering a new era in both foreign and do­ operations of the executive branch of feder­ mestic federal activity. Supporters of a new al government as well as Washington's rela­ "Commission on More Effective Govern­ HON. STEPHEN L. NEAL tions with state and local governments and ment" say the time is ripe for another look OF NORTH CAROLINA the private sector. at the fundamentals of how Washington op­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The 18-member commission would be ap­ erates. pointed by the President, Senate majority Wednesday, September 30, 1981 leader, and House speaker, with some mem­ [From the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, Sept. 4, 1981] • Mr. NEAL. Mr. Speaker, this is a bers representing state government and forum in which words flow frequently others not involved in any partisan political NEW HOOVER COMMISSION activity. Given the party loyalties of today's about the great and the near-great. political leadership, there likely would be 10 Can the federal government be made to But at this time, I would like to take a Republicans and 8 Democrats unless expect­ operate better? One way to find out would few moments to eulogize one who, ed amendments prevail and an even 9-9 be to appoint a Commission for More Effec­ were she alive to hear my comments, membership is required. tive Government based on the Hoover Com" would be humbled, if not embarrassed, The commission would have 30 months to mission model of the late 1940s. · by these words of praise. hold hearings and formulate recommenda­ That idea is being pushed in Congress by I speak of a constituent and a friend tions before reporting to Congress and the people from both parties, most notably Rep. to me, as she was to all people of good President. Richard Bolling of Missouri, a 32-year veter­ will-Mrs. Minerva Jessup Cox of "We've tinkered here and there with the an liberal Democrat, and Sen. William Roth governmental machine, but what we've of Delaware, a conservative Republican. Surry County, N.C. Mrs. Cox died ended up with is a Rube Goldberg arrange­ Their bills, HR18 and S10, would establish August 26 at her rural home on Route ment that costs the taxpayers more and an 18-member commission to. make a com­ 1, Westfield, in the same community more in wasted money and gives less and prehensive study of all aspects of the feder­ where she was born. She was 104 years less service to the people," says Sen. Wil­ al government to find out in what arenas of age. liam Roth of Delaware, chief Senate government operates effectively and in It is remarkable, I think, that in all sponsor. "Now is the time to have the best minds in America comprehensively review what ones it doesn't and to report recom­ of those 104 years of a rich and re­ government ... so that we can start making mendations to the Congress on "how to warding life, Mrs. Cox never lived it work better." make government work." more than 10 miles from her birth­ Liberal Democratic Sen. Thomas Eagleton California's proposition 13 and similar place. Yet her influence not only per­ of Missouri agrees and has signed on as one moves elsewhere illustrate citizen disen­ vaded her community, but through of many cosponsors. Deputy White House chantment, Mr. Bolling says. And at the na­ her good works and in the lives of her budget director Edwin Harper told a Senate tional level, he adds, "Clearly, Americans descendants has been carried to Committee the Reagan administration have been expressing their frustration with almost every corner of the United "heartily endorses" the proposal. the government's inability to deliver since States and even to foreign lands. To those cynics who say the commission's the Great Society was launched . . . Despite report would simply gather dust, the bills' sweeping cutbacks in government spending Mr. Speaker, when this remarkable supporters point out that the Hoover Com­ that the [Reagan] administration is propos­ lady was laid to rest on August 30 at mission of Missouri, rectly with policy ... It didn't try to move Rico, California, Texas, New York, veteran lawmaker and chairman of the in­ boxes around to jiggle things. It tried to and other distant places. Among the fluential House Rules Committee. "I'm com­ deal with a philosophy of government and a mourners were her eldest daughter, pletely convinced that this is the only possi­ translation of a philosophy of government." 90, and eldest granddaughter, age 70. ble way that this country can reform its Mr. Bolling points out that the Republi­ Her survivors include 10 children, 61 government." can Congress in establishing the commission grandchildren, 183 great grandchil­ The growing bulk and complexity of gov­ may have thought it would be carried out ernment in this country is a source of in­ dren, and 77 great-great grandchil­ by a Republican president. But Harry Tru­ dren. It was was not the size of her creasing concern. Federal spending is 15 man's 1948 re-election foiled that. Yet the times greater today than it was 30 years family, however, but of her heart and job had been done so well that 70 percent of her commitment, that made Mrs. Cox ago. While the number of federal civilian the reforms the Hoover Commission pro­ employees has remained fairly constant such an exceptional person. since the late '60s, the number of workers in posed were put into place by the Democratic president. Born the daughter of former slaves, other levels of government has shot up. In Mrs. Cox entered the world on March 1950 there was one government job-holder The Post-Gazette believes such a commis­ for every 24 Americans: now, the ratio is one sion could be most useful, particularly if it 13, 1877. Married at age 13, less than 1 for every 14. would focus some of its attention qn improv­ year of her life was devoted to formal Many attribute this increase to federal ing the interface between the federal bu­ schooling. Yet through self-education programs and requirements. Between 1949 reaucracy and individual citizens and corpo­ and a lifelong association with her be­ and 1979, there was a net gain of 529 federal rations. The point of actual delivery of serv­ loved church, she acquired both departments, agencies, bureaus, offices, ad­ ices often is the most frustrating time for knowledge and wisdom that served ministrations, institutes, services, and other citizens and businesses and-in many cases­ here well as a church leader and organizational subdivisions. The size of the also for government employees who find Sunday school teacher until the latter Federal Register and last week. "The looming fear is one of unre­ broke her ties with this church in 1894. She strained intergovernmentalism, of govern­ believed that Sunday School was a vital part ment pragmatism out of control." in the Christian plan. This church did not September 30, 1981 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 22631 hold these basic beliefs. The Progressive except in the memory of those who spill liability and compensation bill in Primitive Baptist Church in the northern knew and loved her, is our loss.e a statement barely two pages long, and part of North Carolina and soutl;lern Virgin­ ia owes roots to Mother Minerva Cox. She absolutely incomprehensible in its rea­ became a charter member of the Chestnut REAGAN PROPOSAL WOULD soning. Ironically, the oil spill legisla­ Ridge Primitive Baptist Church in 1897. CRIPPLE COAST GUARD tion would, if enacted, save the Gov­ Since this time she became a stalwart sup­ ernment millions of dollars a year porter and charterer of the Sandy Ridge through a mechanism which is, in es­ Progressive Primitive Baptist Association of HON. GERRY E. STUDDS sence, a user fee. North Carolina and Virginia and the Na- · OF MASSACHUSETTS In August, the administration an­ tional Primitive Baptist Convention. She IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES taught Sunday School until she was 87. She nounced plans to assign the Coast was a member of the Women's Council and Wednesday, September 30, 1981 Guard the new task of interdicting il­ established the Women's Auxiliary, Ushers, e Mr. STUDDS. Mr. Speaker, as legal immigration from the Caribbean Choirs, and Mission Offering, as well as the chairman of the Subcommittee on island of Haiti; despite a plea in writ­ Pastor's Aide Fund in her church and all ing from myself and from Representa­ the churches in the association. Coast Guard and Navigation, I feel compelled to make the following ob­ tive DoN YouNG, no additional funds Ever faithful to her family and her servations about the attitude of the· will be made available to the Coast church, Mrs. Cox accepted with equal Reagan administration toward the Guard to carry out this project. responsibility the opportunity to be­ Coast Guard. The evidence is over­ Early this month, the administra­ friend her neighbors and to partici­ whelming that the Coast Guard must tion opposed efforts, led by both Re­ pate in political affairs. either be granted substantial amounts publican and Democratic members of Again, from a memorial tribute to of additional funds, or else it must be our subcommittee, to provide for a her: relieved of some of the duties it is now very modest increase in Coast Guard She was a midwife and delivered many of legally required to perform. appropriations; an increase sufficient her grandchildren, as well as neighbors' and It was our hope, and quite frankly only to allow the Coast Guard to oper­ friends' children. She also possessed the our expectation, that the administra­ ate in 1982 at the level it has been able ability to cure thresh and withdraw fire tion would also take the problems of from the body. She has cured the illness to maintain in 1981. over the State of North Carolina and from the Coast Guard seriously, and would Also this month, the Department of the north to the south of the east coast. join with us in an effort character­ Transportation began a series of meet­ ized-if not by constant agreement­ I was privileged, 4 years ago, to con­ ings with the maritime community in then at least by a shared belief that order to initiate a systematic reconsid­ gratulate her for going to the polls, at the Coast Guard is an important con­ age 99, to vote for the Democratic eration of the user fee concept. Recog­ tributor to a variety of national goals, nizing the mistakes made the first ticket-which she openly and publicly and that its future is a matter of some stated had been her preference in time around, DOT officials assured us importance to the people of this coun­ that this effort was a serious one, and every election since suffrage. Last No­ try. vember, at age 103, she voted for the one that did not begin with preconcep­ Unfortunately, this has not been the tions about how much money would last time. case. Since our subcommittee began its As a result of her many great and be raised, or what Coast Guard serv­ work last January, we have not re­ ices would be covered. No draft legisla­ good deeds, she was named "Mother" ceived one scintilla of evidence that of her church, Sandy Ridge District of tion would be forthcoming, we were anyone with any significant degree of told, until the end of the year. the State Primitive Baptist Conven­ power in the Reagan administration tion, and the National Primitive Bap­ has the slightest interest in, or con­ Finally, last Thursday, President tist Convention. She was honored cern about, the U.S. Coast Guard. Reagan, in presenting the Nation with many times by local, State, and Na­ What we have seen, instead, is a his latest budget cutting plan, pro­ tional officials, including Presidents of desire-implemented clumsily and posed a $168 million reduction in his the United States, Members of Con­ with an extraordinarily heavy hand­ previously inadequate budget request gress, Governors of North Carolina, to drastically reduce the cost to the for the Coast Guard for fiscal 1982, and the commissioners of her county. Government of the Coast Guard, and once again demanded immediate Mr. Speaker, I quote again from the while increasing yet further the action on a Coast Guard user fee bill. memorial tribute to Mrs. Cox to illus­ number of jobs the agency will be Simply put, the Reagan proposal trate the hope and faith that was har­ asked to perform. would, if implemented, cripple the bored in this great heart for more In February, the Reagan budget was U.S. Coast Guard. Candidate Reagan than a century: announced, cutting the Carter request campaigned on a platform designed, in In 1917, the Lord gave her a vision. She for the Coast Guard by $9 million, and his words, to "get Government off the said she "felt that the burdens of the world mandating a reduction of 450 in the backs of the people." Unfortunately, were on my shoulders." She prayed and number of Coast Guard civilian em­ this latest proposal would get the fasted for days. When she returned she told ployees; Coast Guard off the backs of drug her children that the God of Moses, Abra­ smugglers, polluters, and foreign fish­ ham, Isaac, and Jacob had put it in the In March, the administration an­ heart of Abraham Lincoln to lead her nounced a plan to recover $1.5 billion ermen; it would allow mariners the people out of bondage, and in the days of over 5 years through the assessment thrill of navigating around off-station her children's children they would be a wise of user fees for various Coast Guard buoys; it would cost hundreds of race. They would be doctors, lawyers, politi­ services, including search and rescue, human lives and several hundred mil­ cians, and teachers, and her children and aids to navigation, and marine envi­ lions of dollars worth of property other children would go to the same schools ronmental protection. This proposal which would not be saved because of and churches. was so hastily drafted and so poorly cuts in the Coast Guard's search and She lived to see much of that vision conceived, even the administration ul­ rescue program; it would make the become reality. She, in her own won­ timately found it impossible to defend. Coast Guard incapable of preparing to derful way, helped make it happen. Transportation Secretary assist the U.S. Navy effectively in time And so, Mr. Speaker, it is well that it told me personally that the proposal of war; it would cause a very substan­ be noted, here in the Capitol of the had been badly handled, and he with­ tial across-the-board deterioration in country she loved, that such a woman drew it completely from congressional Coast Guard services and what is lived and moved the lives of others consideration last June. more-it would require thousands of toward those goals which are our na­ Also in March, the administration commercial and recreational mariners tional purpose. That she lives no more, announced its opposition to the oil to pay hundreds of millions of dollars 22632 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 30, 1981 for the privilege of using these dete­ as an inspiration for many in the law PROPOSED REFUGEE riorating services. enforcement community. ADMISSIONS The President's proposal fails to rec­ For 50 years, Dick has been on the ognize the status of the Coast Guard daily beat. He is still going strong and HON. ROMANO L. MAZZOLI as an uniformed armed force of the that is good for our Nation. I con­ United States it sends a clear signal OF KENTUCKY gratulate Dick's creator, Chester IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES that this administration does not take Gould and it was signed by Capt. witness we had, the committe~ did not people, but I doubt there is a single Joseph Medill Patterson, founder of the have the benefit of the thinking of voter in this country who supported New York Daily News. · any officer of the executive branch at his election out of a belief he would "Capt. Patterson changed Plainclothes the policymaking level. Especially in make it nearly impossible for the Tracy to Dick," Gould later recalled. "He the absence of a coordinator for refu­ Coast Guard to do its job.e said that the first name was too long and gee affairs-a slot not yet filled nor that detectives are called 'dick' anyway. even certain to be filled-the commit­ That's how Dick Tracy was born." tee needs even more the observations TRIBUTE TO DICK TRACY-50 Next Sunday, Dick Tracy will be 50 years of the Attorney General or the Secre­ YEARS OF UPHOLDING LAW old. He broke into The News and 500 other tary of State or the Secretary of AND ORDER papers on Oct. 13, 1931, a week after he ap­ Health and Human Services. peared in the Detroit Mirror. He's still lean, I want the consultation process to black of hair, square of jaw and steely eyed, HON. MARIO BIAGGI and still appears in The News, daily and work, but it will not work if the com­ OF NEW YORK Sunday. mittee does not have the policymakers IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Through the years, Tracy, snap-brim felt before it. Second, I want to review briefly for Wednesday, September 30, 1981 hat firmly affixed to craggy kisser, has taken on all evildoers, who frequently were my colleagues the activities the Sub­ • Mr. BlAGG!. Mr. Speaker, as a given appearances to match their names. committee on Immigration, Refugees, former police officer for 23 years in Who can forget The Blank, a faceless man and International Law, which I have New York City-I wish to call to the whose name was Frank Redrum ; Jerome Trohs, a midget preparation for these consultations. tant event in the law enforcement who was scalded to death in a shower, or We traveled to southern California world scheduled for Sunday. On that B.B. Eyes, Flattop, -Mumbles, the Brow, in April to examine the impact of refu­ day, Dick Tracy, the legend of law and Pruneface? gee resettlement there, and issued a order who appears every day in the The first to depart from the "funnies" ap­ major report which I hope my col­ comics section of more than 500 news­ proach, Tracy defeated the vicious enemies leagues will have a chance to read. of society. Gould, with a strong "crime papers, will be 50 years old. doesn't pay" message, presented Tracy's gi­ Last month, with several of our col­ Dick Tracy has been the symbol of gantic encounters in graphic detail. leagues on the Judiciary Committee, the "good cop." He is relentless in his Dick was betrothed to the lovely Tess the subcommittee spent 12 days in pursuit of crimes and those who Trueheart, but his devotion to crime-fight­ Southeast Asia and Western Europe commit them. His integrity is beyond ing prevented a quickie marriage. He met examining the refugee camps and dis­ reproach, his dedication to duty the beautiful Tess in 1931; he finally took cussing the problems with refugee ex­ second to none. He has taken on the her to the altar on Christmas Day 1949. perts and government officials. A most ruthless of criminals and crimi­ Some of Gould's most endearing charac­ formal report of our trip, and findings nal organizations-and has triumphed ters are Gravel Gertie, the crone with the and recommendations deriving from it, each time. He shows dramatically and silken gray hair; B.O. Plenty, who deserved will be issued next month. continually that good does prevail his name; Junior Tracy, a tough street kid The Immigration Subcommittee has over evil. whom Tracy took in, and Diet -Smith, the held 3 days of hearings this month on Dick Tracy, as the New York Daily tycoon. all aspects of the refugee program, in­ News reported in a September 29 story Chet Gould, the son of a printer and now cluding questions not ever examined a millionaire many times over, retired in was the first comic strip to "depart 1977 to his 130-acre estate west of Chicago. carefully before, such as the adequacy from the funnies approach." The The strip was taken over by writer Max Col­ of the medical screening of refugees. comic strip has remarkable lins and artist Rick Fletcher, who had The subcommittee last spring held 7 achieved in large part by intense loyal­ worked for Gould 16 years. days of hearings on various immigra­ ty among its readers. Dick Tracy seizes When decent people can walk the streets tion and refugee topics to provide upon the human instinct which both again without fear, Tracy may consider re­ background on this many-faceted sub­ fears and loaths crime. He has served tirement.e ject. · September 30, 1981 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 22633 Finally, your subcommittee has held about by massive initial settlement screening needs to be reexamined and informal talks and briefings, almost and secondary migration of refugees. substantially tightened. beyond count, to gain a closer pur­ The voluntary agencies have testi­ Another item which needs attention chase on the subject and on the .fied that the sponsorship process has is the high welfare dependency rate of nature and extent of the responsibil­ broken down. No longer are the spon­ refugees residing in the United States. ity-if, indeed, there is any-to accept sors stable, financially solvent U.S. Sixty-five percent of all refugees­ refugees for resettlement in the citizens. Rather, sponsorships are in­ mostly Indochinese-are on welfare United States. stitutional, and the sponsors seldom today. . Many go on welfare within In sum, the subcommittee has spent work with the refugees or support the days-not weeks or months, but days­ a tremendous amount of time studying new family in the traditional sense of of their arrival in the United States. these issues, and I want to thank and sponsorships. This is wrong and self-defeating and commend my six subcommittee col­ I would add that reducing Indochi­ has created a welfare mentality on the leagues for their hard work. It is a nese admissions to around 80,000 is part of many refugees. privilege and an honor to work with consonant with numbers recommend­ All actors in the resettlement proc- - these outstanding people and our ex­ ed by a Senate Immigration Subcom­ ess, including the voluntary agencies, cellent staff. mittee staff report, recently issued. must share responsibility for the Now let me make a few specific com­ It is consonant, too, with the obser­ present situation. The Department of ments on the President's recommenda­ vations of Secretary of Health and State, the Department of Health and tions of refugee admissions for fiscal Human Services as Human Resources, the voluntary year 1982. reported in the Miami Herald last agencies, and State and local authori­ I believe the number of admissions week. ties must work together immediately the President has initially recommend­ I would like to mention in passing to correct the flaws in the present ed is too high. The overall number that the number recommended for system. should be closer to 120,000 to 125,000 Latin America and the Caribbean My observation of past consultations rather than the 173,000 he has recom­ needs to be reexamined in light of the leads me to commend the work done mended. political, military and economic tur­ by my colleagues, but to express some Specifically, based on the informa­ moil in that part of the world. doubt about how effective the process tion the subcommittee· has gathered, I should note here that if refugee has been. I do not know whether this my personal view is that the United admissions numbers are insufficient to present effort will be any more effec­ States should admit approximately address an emergency, the Refugee tive. But "hope springs eternal," as 80,000 Indochinese during the next Act of 1980 provides for consultations the poets say. fiscal year rather than the 120,000 rec­ to reallocate or expand numbers as So I am hopeful that with the help ommended by the President. necessary. and assistance of the administration, I make this recommendation in light I must touch briefly on several refu­ we can make the consultation work­ of the dramatic decline in the num­ gee-related issues which, I believe, able and effective and, thus, forestall bers of Indochinese now resident in need reexamination. the imposition of some other system camps in first asylum countries who One is the question of the definition for determining the Nation's refugee wish to be resettled in third countries. of a refugee. The legal memo prepared policies.e In addition, total flows of refugees by the Office of Legal Counsel at the into first asylum countries of South­ Department of Justice contributes to AFTER OCTOBER 1-THEN east Asia-seeking temporary harbor the body of knowledge on the subject. WHAT? or seeking resettlement-have fallen So does the memo prepared by my tremendously. Last month, for the subcommittee staff. HON. MARIO BIAGGI first time since the Vietnam war ended However, I remain concerned over in 1975, no boat people from Vietnam the disagreement among legal and ref­ OF NEW YORK arrived in Thailand. ugee experts over the status of those IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES I also believe the U.S. admissions who leave their homeland for econom­ Wednesday, September 30, 1981 should be reduced in order that refu­ ic reasons, to better their lots in life, • Mr. BlAGG!. Mr. Speaker, · tradi­ gee agencies; such as the United Na­ and who then claim protection and tionally the dawning of a new fiscal tions High Commissioner for Refu­ rights as refugees by claiming they year is marked by high hopes, new ini­ gees, can internationalize resettle­ would be persecuted were they to tiatives, and Government pay raises. ment. return to their lands. This fiscal year eve, however, high This year, the United States is once My analysis of the situation leads hopes have been replaced by high in­ again taking more than two-thirds of me to suggest that such persons are terest rates; the only new initiatives all Indochinese refugees being reset­ not refugees under the 1980 act, unless are the dismantling of old ones; and tled. Internationalization is a failure. there is a change in the political situa­ Government pay raises will be re­ Perhaps if the United States adopts a tion in their home countries since placed by 75,000 RIF and the F-15 enhancements 1982 request of $1.19 billion, according to act powers, toxic waste regulation and other arms sales package to Saudi Arabia. several Capitol Hill sources. Counting infla­ functions to them at a time of major budget 4221 Dirksen Building tion and President Reagan's recent call for squeezes. Members of the trucking industry 9:30a.m. another 12 percent chop, actual spending asked that federal standards for emissions Judiciary could drop a level that will buy about 40 be maintained, while railroad industry Constitution Subcommittee percent of what former president Carter spokesmen want noise control to stay in To hold hearings on S.J. Res. 110, S.J. proposed. Washington. At stake would be many programs ordered Res. 17, S.J Res. 18, and S.J. Res. 19, by Congress that are just beginning to get "Some of them protested to Reagan that measures amending the Constitution off the ground: the Superfund toxic waste she wasn't listening," an administration in­ to establish legislative authority in dump cleanup, regulations for tracking in­ sider said. "She could be in trouble if those Congress and the States with respect dustrial waste and constructing safe dispos­ people get down on her." to abortion. al sites for it, and testing of new chemicals. But Utah Gov. Scott M. Matheson, one of 2228 Dirksen Building Suspected hazardous air pollutants like those initially unhappy with Gorsuch, has Labor and Human Resources formaldehyde indoors and diesel fumes out­ changed his mind now that he knows her Labor Subcommittee doors are only beginning to be studied, and better, an aide said. To resume hearings on S. 1182, improv­ those programs would appear to be in jeop­ "She's made some real effort and lines of ing the administration of the Long­ ardy along with many others in the re­ communication are open now," and aide shoremen's and Harbor Workers' Com­ search field. said. "She seems willing to listen."e pensation Act by removing certain in- September 30, 1981 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 22635 equities, reducing incentives for fraud Governmental Affairs and the F-15 enhancements and abuse, and assuring immediate Intergovernmental Relations Subcommit­ arms sales package to Saudi Arabia. compensation benefits and competent tee 4221 Dirksen Building medical treatment for injured employ- To hold oversight hearings to review 10:00 a.m. ees. standard language to be included in all •Judiciary 4232 Dirksen Building future block-grant legislation. To hQld oversight hearings on the activi­ Small Business Room to be announced ties of the Public Integrity Section of Urban and Rural Economic Development Judiciary the Department of Justice. Subcommittee Business meeting, to consider pending 2228 Dirksen Building To hold hearings to discuss the use of calendar business. 2:00p.m. small issue tax-exempt industrial de­ 2228 Dirksen Building velopment bonds to finance small busi­ 10:00 a.m. Foreign Relations ness projects. Environment and Public Works Business meeting, to consider the pro­ 424 Russell Building Business meeting, to consider pending posed Airborne Warning and Control 10:00 a.m. calendar business. System and the F-15 en­ •Judiciary 4200 Dirksen Building hancements arms sales package to •criminal Law Subcommittee Saudi Arabia, and other pending cal­ Labor and Human Resources endar business. To hold hearings on S. 101 and S. 751, Investigations and General Oversight Sub­ bills to eliminate and establish an al­ committee 4221 Dirksen Building ternative to the exclusionary rule in To hold hearings to explore the cause Federal criminal proceedings. and effect of missing children, focus­ OCTOBER 14 5110 Dirksen Building ing on home environment, local law 9:30a.m. •Judiciary enforcement agencies and citizen Judiciary Security and Terrorism Subcommittee action groups. Agency Administration Subcommittee To hold hearings to discuss the reten­ 4232 Dirksen Building To hold oversight hearings on the im­ tion or destruction of certain Federal Joint Economic plementation of the Military Person­ Government files. To hold hearings to evaluate economic nel and Civilian Employees Claims Act 6226 Dirksen Building policies of the United States and the of 1964, title XXI of the Criminal 10:30 a.m. United Kingdom. Code. Select on Intelligence 2359 Rayburn Building 357 Russell Building Legislation and the Rights of Americans 10:30 a.m. Judiciary Subcommittee Commerce, Science, and Transportation To resume closed hearings on intelli­ Constitution Subcommittee To hold hearings on the nominations of To resume hearings on S.J. Res. 110, gence matters. Malcolm M. B. Sterrett, of Maryland, Room S-407, Capitol amending the Constitution to estab­ and Frederic N. Andre, of Indiana, lish legislative authority in Congress 2:00p.m. each to be a member of the Interstate Energy and Natural Resources and the States with respect to abor­ Commerce Commission. tion, and other related measures. To hold joint hearings with the Commit­ 235 Russell Building tee on Environment and Public Works 2228 Dirksen Building Subcommittee on Nuclear Regulation Energy and Natural Resources 10:00 a.m. on S. 1662 and S. 637, bills to establish To continue joint hearings with the Judiciary a Federal program for the interim Committee on Environment and Immigration and Refugee Policy Subcom­ storage and permanent disposal of Public Works' Subcommittee on Nu­ mittee high-level nuclear waste from civilian clear Regulation on S. 1662 and S. 637, To hold hearings to discuss the present powerplants. bills to establish a Federal program conditions of the mass refugee asylum 3110 Dirksen Building for the interim storage and permanent process. disposal of high-level nuclear waste Environment and Public Works from civilian powerplants. 412 Russell Building Nuclear Regulation Subcommittee 3110 Dirksen Building 2:00p.m. To hold joint hearings with the Commit­ Judiciary tee on Energy and Natural Resources Environment and Public Works To hold hearings on S. 1639, to modern­ on S. 1662 and S. 637, bills to establish Nuclear Regulation Subcommittee ize the extradition laws of the United a Federal program for the interim To continue joint hearings with the States. storage and permanent disposal of Committee on Energy and Natural Re­ 2228 Dirksen Building high-level nuclear waste from civilian sources on S. 1662 and S. 637, bills to powerplants. establish a Federal program for the in­ OCTOBER 15 3110 Dirksen Building terim storage and permanent disposal of high-level nuclear waste from civil­ 9:30a.m. Foreign Relations Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs Closed briefing on the Airborne Warn­ ian powerplants. 3110 Dirksen Building Business meeting, to mark up S. 1230, ing and Control System and authorizing the minting of special the F-15 enhancements arms sales 2:00p.m. Budget coins commemorating the 1984 package to Saudi Arabia. summer Olympic games in Los Ange­ S-116, Capitol To hold hearings on the proposed addi­ tional budget reductions of the Presi­ les, Calif. OCTOBER6 dent's economic program. 5302 Dirksen Building 6202 Dirksen Building 8:30a.m. Governmental Affairs Judiciary Civil Service, Post Office, and General Energy and Natural Resources To hold hearings on pending nomina­ Energy Conservation and Supply Subcom­ Services Subcommittee tions. To hold hearings on S. 134, S. 1422, and mittee 2228 Dirksen Building To hold oversight hearings on the De­ S. 1444, bills authorizing the Adminis­ partment of the Interior's proposed Labor and Human Resources trator of General Services to donate five-year plan for oil and gas develop­ To hold hearings on the nominations of certain Federal personal property to ment in the Outer Continental Shelf. William M. Bell, of Michigan, to be a State and local governments. 3110 Dirksen Building member of the Equal Employment Op­ 1318 Dirksen Building 9:00a.m. portunity Commission, and Michael J. Judiciary Select on Intelligence Connally, of Michigan, to be General •constitution Subcommittee To hold a closed business meeting. Counsel of the Equal Employment Op­ To resume oversight hearings on the im­ Room S-407, Capitol portunity Commission. plementation of the Freedom of Infor­ 9:30a.m. 4232 Dirksen Building mation Act, and ·on S. 1247, S. 1235, Foreign Relations and S. 587, bills providing for the pro­ To continue hearjngs on the Airborne OCTOBER7 tection of certain confidential infor­ Warning _ and Control System 9:00a.m. mation from the disclosure require­ and the F-15 enhancements Foreign Relations ments of the Freedom of Information arms sales package to Saudi Arabia. To continue hearings on the Airborne Act. 4221 Dirksen Building Warning and Control System 2228 Dirksen Building

,.. ,. 22636 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 30, 1981 10:00 a.m. 10:00 a.m.. ent or small refiner, from operating a Environment and Public Works Energy and Natural Resources gas station in the United States, and Business meeting, to consider pending Energy Regulation Subcommittee and making it unlawful for a supplier to calendar business. Water and Power Subcommittee practice price discrimination in the 4200 Dirksen Building To hold joint oversight hearings on hy­ sale of motor fuel. 10:30 a.m. droelectric development and related li­ 2228 Dirksen Building Energy and Natural Resources censing procedures. Labor and Human Resources To hold hearings on S. 1674, modifying 3110 Dirksen Building Alcoholism and Drug Abuse Subcommit­ 2:00p.m. tee certain provisions of the Revised Or­ Finance ganic Act of the Virgin Islands and To hold hearings to examine the impact Oversight of the Internal Revenue Service of marihuana on youth, focusing on providing certain other authorities af­ Subcommittee fecting the territories and possessions To hold hearings on the recovery of at­ the areas of health and education of the United States. torneys fees in tax cases. 4232 Dirksen Building 3110 Dirksen Building 2221 Dirksen Building Labor and Human Resources 1:30 p.m. Education Subcommittee and Employ­ Judiciary OCTOBER 20 ment and Productivity Subcommittee Security and Terrorism Subcommittee 9:00a.m. To hold joint oversight hearings on the To resume hearings on the origin, direc­ Labor and Human Resources implementation of vocational educa­ tion, and support tactics of terrorism. To hold oversight hearings on the im­ tion and youth employment programs. 2228 Dirksen Building plementation of the Comprehensive 1224 Dirksen Building Employment Training Act . Energy and Natural Resources Energy Regulation Subcommittee Energy and Natural Resources 3110 Dirksen Building To hold oversight hearings on the im­ Energy Regulation Subcommittee plementation of Title I, establishing To continue oversight hearings on the wellhead prices for natural gas, of the implementation of Title I, establishing Natural Gas Policy Act (P.L. 95-621). 3110 Dirksen Building

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