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AU Peace Security FOI 2016 Ed 161003 African Union (AU) Peace and Security Architecture As part of the African Union eort to promote peace and security AU Facts in Africa, an African Peace and Security Architecture (APSA) has been designed. NARC Peace and Security Architecture The African Union consists of 54 out of 55 states on the African continent. The architecture consists of several important elements for conict prevention At the center of the African Peace and Security Architecture (APSA) is the AU Peace and Security Council, located at AU Marocco is not a member state but has declared its wish to join the organization. and post-conict reconstruction support. This illustration (2016 edition) aims North African Regional Capability headquarters in Addis Ababa. The Council is modeled on the UN Security Council and consists of 15 member states, rotating Members: Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Mauritania, Tunisia. on a regional basis. There are no permanent members and no veto rights. The Council has appointed a Commissioner of Peace The decision to establish an African Union was taken by the Organization of to present an overview of the main building blocks of APSA as well as and Security who leads the Department of Peace and Security, which runs the everyday management of APSA. African Unity (OAU) Assembly of Heads of State and Government in 1999. The relevant facts and gures concerning AU Planning element: Tripoli (Libya) AU was inaugurated in July 2002. peace and security. It is published by the North African Standby Force (NASF) Continental Early Peace Fund Panel of the Wise The Peace Fund is one of the The African Peace and Security Architecture is underpinned by two pillars: the Swedish Defence Research Agency Not yet operational Warning PSC Protocol (2002) establishing the Peace and Security Council, and the System operational tools to nance peace and Common African Defence and Security Policy (CADSP) (2004), which provides (FOI)in an eort to promote NARC is a special mechanism that has been developed for security activities of the AU. It is made up of a framework for all instruments relevant to promote peace and security. knowledge about the AU. the purpose of the ASF build-up only. nancial appropriations from the regular AU The CEWS budget as well as from voluntary contribu- The Assembly of Heads of State and Government is the Supreme Organ of the AU. collects, analyses tions from other sources within Africa. The Panel is composed of ve and reports on conict-related highly respected African per- indicators in support of early sons who have contributed to Tunisia response capabilities. The peace, security and develop- central situation room in Addis ment. Its role is to advise the Western Ababa connects with early PSC on such matters and Morocco support mediation initiatives. Main APSA deployments Sahara* warning systems in the regions. NARC ECOWAS Key Troop EAPSM SADC Mission Tasks Conguration ECCAS contributors Libya Algeria FOMAC AMIB 2003–04 Peacekeeping South Africa, Lead nation Egypt AU African African Union Mission Ethiopia, (South Africa) in Burundi Mozambique Peace & Standby Force African Security The ASF is composed of ve AMIS I & II 2004–07 Ceasere Nigeria, Rwanda, AU-managed with Capacity regional, multinational stand-by African Union Mission monitoring Senegal, South troop contributions Council brigades and civilian and police in Sudan (Darfur) /Peacekeeping Africa, Ghana sought from among for Immediate capabilities. all member states. Mauritania Response to Crises AMISOM Protect Uganda, Burundi, AU-managed with Mali ACIRC is a military rapid reaction 2004– present government, Djibouti Kenya, troop contributions Cape Niger capability based on voluntary African Union Mission stabilization, Ethiopia sought from among Eritrea* Regional Economic Verde pledges from member-states in Somalia counter- all member states. directly to the AU. Communities and insurgency Senegal Burkina Chad Regional Peackeeping, Ethiopia, Rwanda, UN-AU Hybrid Sudan UNAMID 2007-presen Gambia Faso African Union - United Protection Tanzania, South mission Mechanisms Ethiopia Djibouti Nations Mission of Civilians Africa, Senegal, Guinea Nigeria Nigeria, Department of Peace and Security in Darfur Guinea Burkina Faso Bissau Côte Crisis Management Peace Support Defence and PSC d’Ivoire Conict Prevention Operation Enforcement Tanzania, Sudan Lead nation Ghana Abuja South Addis and Early Warning and Post-Conict Operations Security Division Secretariat Democracy 2008 (Tanzania) ECOWAS Sierra Central African Sudan* Ababa Division Reconstriction Division Division (Comoros) Leone rep. Economic Community of West Togo RCI-LRA 2012–present Collective Uganda, South AU-authorized Cameroon • Continental Early • Post-Conict • Policy • Counter terrorism • Operational and Self Defence Sudan, DRC, CAR coalition of African States Liberia Benin AU-led Regional Somalia Warning System Reconstruction • Support and • Disarmament & administrative Cooperation Initiative the Willing Members: Benin, Burkina Faso, Cape support to the Equatorial Guinea • Panel of the Wise • Africa Solidarity management Non-proliferation to eliminate the Lord’s Verde, Côte d’Ivoire, Gambia, Ghana, PSC Resistance Army Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, Mali, Initiative of AU PSOs Security Sector São Tomé & Príncipe Uganda Nairobi • AU Border Program • Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, ASF Reform AFISMA 2012–13 Peace Nigeria, Benin, Regional operation Libreville Gabon Rwanda • African-led enforcement Togo, Senegal, transitioned to AU Togo. DR Congo International Burkina Faso, operation, Congo Support Mission Chad, Niger transitioned Planning element: Abuja (Nigeria) ECCAS Burundi to Mali to UN mission. Kenya ECOWAS Standby Force Economic Community of Central MISCA 2013–14 Peace Chad, Rep. of Regional operation Seychelles African-led enforcement Congo, Cameroon, transitioned to AU (ESF) African States Members: Angola, Burundi, Cameroon, Comoros International Support Gabon, Rwanda, operation, Declared fully operational Tanzania Mission to the Central Burundi transitioned to Central African Republic, Chad, Republic Islands African Republic UN mission. of Congo, Democratic Republic of Congo, MNTJF 2015–present Collective Niger, Niger, AU-authorized Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, São Tomé Angola Multinational Joint Self Defence Chad, CAR, Benin coalition et Príncipe. Malawi Task Force to ght of the willing Boko Haram Planning element: Libreville (Gabon) Zambia EASFSEC Multinational Force of The AU electoral and security missions to the Comoros (MIOC, AMISEC and MAES) are not listed. East African Standby Force Secretariat Regional Cooperation Central Africa (FOMAC) Mozambique Declared fully operational The Regional Economic Communities (RECs) and Regional Zim- Members: Burundi, Comoros, Djibouti, Ethiopia, Madagascar mechanisms for Conict Prevention, Management and Botswana babwe Kenya, Rwanda, Seychelles, Somalia, Sudan, Uganda. Resolution (RMs) are a key component of the operational- Missions Graph 2003–2016 Namibia Mauritius ization and eective functioning of APSA. The graph demonstrates the authorised strength, as well as actual number of troops deployed, of all AU missions between 2003 and 2016. Planning element: Karen/Nairobi (Kenya) 38 38 Gaborone Seven RECs and two RMs have signed an MoU with the AU Number of troops x 1 000 East African Standby Force (EASF) 36 36 on Cooperation in the area of Peace and Security. 34 34 Swaziland Declared fully operational These are: 32 32 EASFSEC is a special mechanism that has been developed for the purpose of the 30 30 • CEN-SAD ASF build-up only. 28 28 SADC 26 26 Lesotho • COMESA 24 24 South Southern Africa Development Community Africa 22 22 Members: Angola, Botswana, Democratic Republic 20 20 • EAC of Congo, Lesotho, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritius, 18 18 Mozambique, Namibia, Seychelles, South Africa, 16 16 • EASFSEC 14 14 Swaziland, Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe. 12 12 Authorised Planning element: Gaborone (Botswana) ECCAS 10 troop strength 10 • 8 8 SADC Standby Force (SSF) 6 6 • ECOWAS 4 4 Declared fully operational 2 Achieved troop strength 2 IGAD 0 0 • 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 * Western Sahara and Eritrea are both members of the AU but do not contribute towards the ASF. • NARC AMIB AMISEC * Africas newest state, South Sudan is a member of the AU and IGAD since 2011 and the EAC since AMIS RCI-LRA 2016. It is not yet contributing to the ASF but holds observer status at the EASF. MIOC AMISOM Studies in African Security • SADC The boundaries and names shown and the designations used on this map do not imply ocial Operation ‘Democracy in Comoros’ AFISMA MNTJF The AU/UN hybrid mission endorsement or acceptance by FOI. The Arab Maghreb Union (UMA), which is one of the RECs MAES Swedish Defence Research Agency UNAMID is excluded from the graph MISCA Suspensions of Member States are not shown on the map recognized by the AU, has not yet signed the MoU. www.foi.se/africa FOI/Eken Produktion 2016 © .
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