The Art of Doublespeak: Bellingcat and Mind Control
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What's Really Happening in Syria: Who Started
What’s Really Happening in Syria: Who Started the War, Who Can You Trust to Tell the Truth? A Consumer Fraud Lawyer’s Mini-Primer By Robert Roth Region: Middle East & North Africa Global Research, September 19, 2018 Theme: Media Disinformation, US NATO New Cold War 2 January 2017 War Agenda In-depth Report: SYRIA This article, first published on GR in January 2017, provides an understanding of the history of the war on Syria, from the outset in mid-March 2011. The U.S./NATO line If you try to follow events in the mainstream media (MSM), you may have noticed that they routinely refer to Syrian president Bashar al Assad as a “brutal dictator”. Assad is supposed to have responded to peaceful protests with repressive violence and by “killing his own people”. The U.S., UK, Saudi Arabia, and Qatar continue to maintain that “Assad must go”. I disagree with all of that, as I’ll explain in this article. I spent 25 years prosecuting lies in commerce for the attorneys general of New York and Oregon. I prepared this primer to help you cut through the lies and get at the truth about Syria. Much of this article is a string of excerpts from the excellent work of authors I’ve come to trust and citations or links to sources for further information and analysis. International law, morality, and the sovereignty of the people Since Syria has not threatened the United States in any way, let alone attacked us, our government has no right to try to overthrow the Syrian government. -
Winter 2020 Full Issue
Naval War College Review Volume 73 Number 1 Winter 2020 Article 1 2020 Winter 2020 Full Issue The U.S. Naval War College Follow this and additional works at: https://digital-commons.usnwc.edu/nwc-review Recommended Citation Naval War College, The U.S. (2020) "Winter 2020 Full Issue," Naval War College Review: Vol. 73 : No. 1 , Article 1. Available at: https://digital-commons.usnwc.edu/nwc-review/vol73/iss1/1 This Full Issue is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals at U.S. Naval War College Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Naval War College Review by an authorized editor of U.S. Naval War College Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Naval War College: Winter 2020 Full Issue Winter 2020 Volume 73, Number 1 Published by U.S. Naval War College Digital Commons, 2020 1 Naval War College Review, Vol. 73 [2020], No. 1, Art. 1 Cover Two modified Standard Missile 2 (SM-2) Block IV interceptors are launched from the guided-missile cruiser USS Lake Erie (CG 70) during a Missile Defense Agency (MDA) test to intercept a short-range ballistic-missile target, conducted on the Pacific Missile Range Facility, west of Hawaii, in 2008. The SM-2 forms part of the Aegis ballistic-missile defense (BMD) program. In “A Double-Edged Sword: Ballistic-Missile Defense and U.S. Alli- ances,” Robert C. Watts IV explores the impact of BMD on America’s relationship with NATO, Japan, and South Korea, finding that the forward-deployed BMD capability that the Navy’s Aegis destroyers provide has served as an important cement to these beneficial alliance relationships. -
ISRAEL and the WMD THREAT: LESSONS for EUROPE by Cameron S
ISRAEL AND THE WMD THREAT: LESSONS FOR EUROPE By Cameron S. Brown* Having faced a growing threat from the use of weapons of mass destruction (WMD) for the past several decades, Israel has been forced to make counter-proliferation a top national defense priority.(1) It has invested billions of dollars in developing a multi-layered national defense strategy that is arguably the most highly developed of any country on earth. As such, Israel's experience in this field can offer several important lessons (from its mistakes and successes) for European countries that are only now coming under the range of several rogue countries' long-range missile systems, not to mention the growing threat of WMD terrorism (This article was originally written for a project and conference on "Countering Threats in the Era of Mass Destruction: Accounts from the Middle East and Europe," co-sponsored by the GLORIA Center and The Military Centre for Strategic Studies (CeMiSS) of Italy.) THE ISRAELI THREAT Secondly, in any conflict, Israel is PERCEPTION heavily dependent on a system of calling up In order to understand what policies reserve solders to reinforce its small Israel has devised and employed in order to standing army. Should one of Israel's counter WMD proliferation, it is imperative adversaries use a WMD in the first few to consider the threats Israeli security hours of hostilities--and especially if it hit planners have taken into consideration near a mobilization center--it would when formulating these strategies.(2) unquestionably impede any efficient The gravity of the situation for Israel lies mobilization of the reserve forces. -
USAF Counterproliferation Center CPC Outreach Journal
Issue No. 991, 23 March 2012 Articles & Other Documents: Featured Article: Scrapping Trident Nuclear Missiles 'would Save £83.5bn' 1. ElBaradei Says Iran to Develop Atomic Weapons if Israel Attacks 2. Leader Warns of Iran's Crushing Response to US, Israeli Aggression 3. Iran Not to Pull Out of NPT, nor Halt Nuclear Energy Program 4. Barak: Iran Not Completing Nukes Out of Fear 5. China Vows to Promote International Cooperation on Nuclear Security 6. ‘N.K. Told U.S. about Satellite Plan Last Year’ 7. NK Brinksmanship Jolts 6-Way Talks 8. Pyongyang Threatens to View N.K. Statement at Seoul Nuke Summit as Declaration of War 9. Crash Fears over North Korean Satellite Trajectory 10. China Developing 2nd Stealth Fighter Jet 11. Seoul Presses Pyongyang to Cancel Rocket Launch 12. DPRK's Rocket Launch to Be Discussed on Sidelines of Nuclear Security Summit 13. Lee Says S. Korea, U.S. Expected to Reach Agreement on Extending Missile Range: Report 14. Kim Jong-un's Barbaric Purge of 'Unsound' Military Brass 15. Taliban Commander Wants Pakistan’s Nukes, Overthrow of Govt 16. Russia Considering Cyber-Security Command 17. Russia to Raise Awareness about Missile Defense 18. Russia Destroys over 60 Prc of Chemical Weapons 19. Deal between Russia, NATO on Missile Defense Still Possible: Medvedev 20. Ukraine Completely Removes Highly Enriched Uranium 21. Scrapping Trident Nuclear Missiles 'would Save £83.5bn' 22. Obama to Attend Nuclear Summit in South Korea 23. U.S. Denies Disclosing Missile Defense Data to Russia 24. Iran Diplomats Cased NYC Landmarks, Police Official Says 25. -
The End of MAD? Keir A. Lieber and Daryl G. Press the Nuclear Dimension of U.S. Primacy
The End of MAD? The End of MAD? Keir A. Lieber and Daryl G. Press The Nuclear Dimension of U.S. Primacy For nearly half a cen- tury, the world’s most powerful nuclear-armed countries have been locked in a military stalemate known as mutual assured destruction (MAD). By the early 1960s, the United States and the Soviet Union possessed such large, well- dispersed nuclear arsenals that neither state could entirely destroy the other’s nuclear forces in a ªrst strike. Whether the scenario was a preemptive strike during a crisis, or a bolt-from-the-blue surprise attack, the victim would al- ways be able to retaliate and destroy the aggressor. Nuclear war was therefore tantamount to mutual suicide. Many scholars believe that the nuclear stale- mate helped prevent conºict between the superpowers during the Cold War, and that it remains a powerful force for great power peace today.1 The age of MAD, however, is waning. Today the United States stands on the verge of attaining nuclear primacy vis-à-vis its plausible great power adversar- ies. For the ªrst time in decades, it could conceivably disarm the long-range Keir A. Lieber, author of War and the Engineers: The Primacy of Politics over Technology, is Assistant Professor of Political Science at the University of Notre Dame. Daryl G. Press, author of Calculating Cred- ibility: How Leaders Assess Military Threats, is Associate Professor of Political Science at the Univer- sity of Pennsylvania. The authors thank Richard Betts, Stephen Brooks, Matthew Bunn, Geoff Forden, Charles Glaser, David Kang, Christopher Layne, George Lewis, Jennifer Lind, Daniel Lindley, Michael Mastanduno, John Mearsheimer, Robert Pape, Theodore Postol, Gideon Rose, Stephen Rosen, Anne Sa’adah, Alan Stam, Benjamin Valentino, and William Wohlforth for helpful comments on previous drafts of this article. -
Israel's Air and Missile Defense During the 2014 Gaza
Israel’s Air and Missile Defense During the 2014 Gaza War Rubin Uzi Ramat Gan 5290002 Israel Mideast Security and Policy Studies No. 111 www.besacenter.org THE BEGIN-SADAT CENTER FOR STRATEGIC STUDIES BAR-ILAN UNIVERSITY Mideast Security and Policy Studies No. 111 Israel’s Air and Missile Defense During the 2014 Gaza War Uzi Rubin Israel’s Air and Missile Defense During the 2014 Gaza War Uzi Rubin © The Begin-Sadat Center for Strategic Studies Bar-Ilan University Ramat Gan 5290002 Israel Tel. 972-3-5318959 Fax. 972-3-5359195 [email protected] http://www.besacenter.org ISSN 1565-9895 February 2015 Cover picture: Flickr/Israel Defense Forces The Begin-Sadat (BESA) Center for Strategic Studies The Begin-Sadat Center for Strategic Studies advances a realist, conservative, and Zionist agenda in the search for security and peace for Israel. It was named in memory of Menachem Begin and Anwar Sadat, whose efforts in pursuing peace lay the cornerstone for conflict resolution in the Middle East. The center conducts policy-relevant research on strategic subjects, particularly as they relate to the national security and foreign policy of Israel and Middle East regional affairs. Mideast Security and Policy Studies serve as a forum for publication or re-publication of research conducted by BESA associates. Publication of a work by BESA signifies that it is deemed worthy of public consideration but does not imply endorsement of the author’s views or conclusions. Colloquia on Strategy and Diplomacy summarize the papers delivered at conferences and seminars held by the Center for the academic, military, official and general publics. -
Trends in Online Foreign Influence Efforts
Trends in Online Foreign Influence Efforts∗ Diego A. Martiny Jacob N. Shapiroz Version 1.2 July 8, 2019 Abstract Information and Communications Technologies (ICTs) create novel opportuni- ties for a wide range of political actors. In particular, foreign governments have used social media to influence politics in a range of countries by promoting propaganda, advocating controversial viewpoints, and spreading disinformation. This report de- scribes a new database of such 53 such foreign influence efforts (FIE) targeting 24 different countries from 2013 through 2018. FIEs are defined as: (i) coordinated campaigns by one state to impact one or more specific aspects of politics in an- other state, (ii) through media channels, including social media, by (iii) producing content designed to appear indigenous to the target state. The objective of such campaigns can be quite broad and to date have included influencing political deci- sions by shaping election outcomes at various levels, shifting the political agenda on topics ranging from health to security, and encouraging political polarization. Our data draw on more than 460 media reports to identify FIEs, track their progress, and classify their features. ∗We are grateful to a range of colleagues including Laura Courchesne, Nick Feamster, Andy Guess, Hans Klein, and Brendan Stewart for helpful comments and feedback on our coding scheme. Will Lowe provided invaluable advice on data structure and data entry. Arya Goel, Janette Lu, Imane Mabrouk, Matthew Merrigan, Kamila Radjabova, and Nina Sheridan provided excellent research assistance. This work was possible thanks to generous funding from the Bertelsmann Foundation and Microsoft. All errors are our own. -
1Sth00.Vp:Corelventura
Science,Mitchell Technology,/ The TMD Footprint & Human Controversy Values Whose Shoe Fits Best? Dubious Physics and Power Politics in the TMD Footprint Controversy Gordon Mitchell University of Pittsburgh Apparent design breakthroughs in short-range missile defense systems such as Theater High-Altitude Air Defense (THAAD) have prompted questions about the legality of such systems under the 1972 Antiballistic Missile (ABM) Treaty. Prominent physicists have used computer “footprint” methodology to prove that if engineered to specifications, THAAD might exceed ABM Treaty performance limits banning highly effective missile defense systems. In response, missile defense officials commissioned Sparta, Inc. to con- duct secret research casting doubt on the validity of such findings. The substantial diplo- matic issues at stake and the interesting rhetorical dynamics involved in this dispute war- rant close scholarly analysis. Attention to the iterative relationship between the interpenetrating spheres of public argument and scientific practice in this case yields novel insight about the processes in which technical knowledge of defense systems is forged and raises fresh issues for the “closure project” in science and technology contro- versy studies. Soon after the Clinton-Gore administration began its aggressive pursuit of Theater High-Altitude Air Defense (THAAD) in the early 1990s, concerns were raised that the new ballistic missile defense system might be illegal. Critics argued that THAAD’s high-end design exceeded performance limita- tions set down in the 1972 Antiballistic Missile (ABM) Treaty. On the sur- face, such claims strained credulity, given that the ABM Treaty clearly does not cover theater missile defense (TMD) systems such as Patriot and THAAD (it only prohibits widespread testing and deployment of strategic missile defense systems designed to counter long-range rockets fired across whole continents). -
Trends in Online Foreign Influence Efforts
Trends in Online Influence Efforts∗ Diego A. Martiny Jacob N. Shapiroz Julia G. Ilhardtx Version 2.0 August 5, 2020 Abstract Information and Communications Technologies (ICTs) create novel opportuni- ties for a wide range of political actors. Foreign governments have used social media to influence politics in a range of countries by promoting propaganda, advocating controversial viewpoints, and spreading disinformation. This report updates previ- ous work with data on 76 such foreign influence efforts (FIE) targeting 30 different countries from 2013 through 2019, as well as 20 domestic influence efforts (DIE) in which governments targeted their own citizens. Influence efforts (IEs) are de- fined as: (i) coordinated campaigns by a state or the ruling party in an autocracy to impact one or more specific aspects of politics at home or in another state, (ii) through media channels, including social media, by (iii) producing content designed to appear indigenous to the target state. The objective of such campaigns can be quite broad and to date have included shaping election outcomes at various levels, shifting the political agenda on topics ranging from health to security, and encour- aging political polarization. Our data draw on more than 920 media reports and 380 research articles/reports to identify IEs, track their progress, and classify their features. ∗We are grateful to a range of colleagues including Laura Courchesne, Nick Feamster, Andy Guess, Hans Klein, Brendan Stewart, and Alicia Wanless for helpful comments and feedback. Will Lowe provided invaluable advice on data structure and data entry. Jordan Allen, Nicola Bariletto, Arya Goel, Danielle Hull, Janette Lu, Imane Mabrouk, Matthew Merrigan, Justinas Mickus, Brendan O'Hara, Jan Oledan, Kamila Radjabova, Nina Sheridan, Joe Shipley, Jack Tait, Kamya Yadav, and Luca Zanotti provided excellent research assistance. -
Malicious Use of Social Media: Case Studies from Bbc Monitoring
COUNTERING MALICIOUS USE OF SOCIAL MEDIA MALICIOUS USE OF SOCIAL MEDIA: CASE STUDIES FROM BBC MONITORING Olga Robinson BBC Monitoring ISBN: 978-9934-564-41-3 ISBN: 978-9934-564-41-3 Author: Olga Robinson Project manager: Sebastian Bay Text editor: Anna Reynolds Design: Kārlis Ulmanis Riga, November 2018 NATO STRATCOM COE 11b Kalciema Iela Riga LV1048, Latvia www.stratcomcoe.org Facebook/stratcomcoe Twitter: @stratcomcoe BBC Monitoring is a specialist unit within BBC News that tracks thousands of international media outlets, including hard-to-reach broadcast sources, to report news from and about the world’s media and social media. This publication does not represent the opinions or policies of NATO or NATO StratCom COE. © All rights reserved by the NATO StratCom COE. Reports may not be copied, reproduced, distributed or publicly displayed without reference to the NATO StratCom COE. The views expressed here are solely those of the author in his private capacity and do not in any way represent the views of NATO StratCom COE. NATO StratCom COE does not take responsibility for the views of authors expressed in their articles. CONTENTS INTRODUCTION WHAT WE ARE SEEING: EXAMPLES AND TACTICS Confuse and rule . .7 Focus on networks. 8 Tailored messages. .11 Bot or not? . .12 Bot battles . .13 Inflated trends . 14 Hijacking existing campaigns. 15 Comment manipulation. .15 Fake jihadist propaganda. 16 State control. 16 CHALLENGES AHEAD Cat-and-mouse account blocking. .17 Private chat apps. 18 Deepfake technology. .18 Proliferation of sources. .19 CONCLUSION ENDNOTES BBC Monitoring uses a range of tools for social media analysis, and continues to explore ways of using evolving technology to improve its journalists’ ability to track multiple sources and spot media manipulation INTRODUCTION BBC Monitoring (BBCM) is a specialist unit within BBC News that tracks thousands of international media outlets, including hard-to-reach broadcast sources, to report news from and about the world’s media and social media. -
Twitter Is the Megaphone of Cross-Platform Messaging on the White Helmets
Twitter Is the Megaphone of Cross-platform Messaging on the White Helmets Sameera Horawalavithana(B) , Kin Wai Ng ,andAdrianaIamnitchi University of South Florida, Tampa, USA sameera1,kinwaing,aii @usf.edu { } Abstract. This work provides a quantitative analysis of the cross- platform disinformation campaign on Twitter against the Syrian Civil Defence group known as the White Helmets. Based on four months of Twitter messages, this article analyzes the promotion of urls from differ- ent websites, such as alternative media, YouTube, and other social media platforms. Our study shows that alternative media urls and YouTube videos are heavily promoted together; fact-checkers and official govern- ment sites are rarely mentioned; and there are clear signs of a coordi- nated campaign manifested through repeated messaging from the same user accounts. Keywords: Cross-platform information diffusion Disinformation campaigns · 1Introduction Online disinformation is of critical concern for both academic research and indus- try. Facebook and Twitter recently detected coordinated users who were spread- ing rumors as part of a large network referencing a “significant state-backed infor- mation operation” [1]. Previous research in disinformation campaigns focused on single social media channels, more specifically Twitter [9]. However, sev- eral studies have shown that the interdependence between digital sources (e.g., news media outlets) and other social media platforms play a significant role in the diffusion and amplification of information [6]. For example, a coordinated group built its social presence in Google+, YouTube, Facebook, Twitter, Tumblr, Soundcloud, and Instagram around Black Lives Matters topics [2]. In disinformation campaigns, Twitter has played a significant role along with YouTube [12]andalternativemediasites[10]. -
THE WEAPONIZATION of SOCIAL MEDIA How Social Media Can Spark Violence and What Can Be Done About It November 2019
Corina Robbins/Mercy Corps THE WEAPONIZATION OF SOCIAL MEDIA How social media can spark violence and what can be done about it November 2019 Executive Summary Social media has emerged as a powerful tool for communication, connection, community and, unfortunately, conflict. It’s created new, highly accessible channels for spreading disinformation, sowing divisiveness and contributing to real-world harm in the form of violence, persecution and exploitation. The impact social media has on real-world communities is complex and rapidly evolving. It stretches across international borders and challenges traditional humanitarian aid, development and peacebuilding models. This new paradigm requires a new approach. Mercy Corps has partnered with Do No Digital Harm and Adapt Peacebuilding on a landscape assessment to examine how social media has been used to drive or incite violence and to lay the foundation for effective, collaborative programming and initiatives to respond quickly and help protect already fragile communities. This assessment explores how weaponized social media can contribute to offline conflict by examining real- world case studies. These examples are not exhaustive. Rather, they surface a range of concepts and implications that can help humanitarian, development and peacebuilding organizations — as well as technology companies and policymakers — understand what’s happening and develop effective responses. Case studies Information operations (IO): Coordinated disinformation campaigns are designed to disrupt decision making, erode social cohesion and delegitimize adversaries in the midst of interstate conflict. IO tactics include intelligence collection on specific targets, development of inciteful and often intentionally false narratives and systematic dissemination across social and traditional channels. The Russian government used such tactics to portray the White Helmets humanitarian organization operating in Syria as a terrorist group, which contributed to violent attacks against the organization.