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(London Time) Wednesday 19Th September *This supplement is under strict embargo until 1800 BST (London Time) Wednesday 19th September* YOUR CAREER BREAKTHROUGH Sooner or later? THE LIVELY LEAGUE Young universities RISING take on the elite THE TABLES STARS Fastest climbers ranked natureindex.com THE NEW BREED Standout researchers transform science, from medicine to materials RISING STARS | NATURE INDEX RISING STARS NATURE, VOL. 561, ISSUE NO. 7723 (20 SEPTEMBER 2018) THE FAST TRACK PADDY MILLS PADDY f ideas are the flames burning from the This supplement also tells the stories of torches of discovery, scientists are the hands institutions (S26), countries and regions (S20) that hold them. Creative minds uphold the that have exceeded expectations over the Iscientific enterprise. past three years in their contribution to the ON THE COVER In recognition of their leading role, Nature Index. The ones we have selected as Cognitive neuroscientist, Sarah Garfinkel, (left) and Nature Index 2018 Rising Stars profiles 11 rising stars experienced exceptional absolute system engineer, Jaemin Kim, up-and-coming researchers in the natural and percentage growth in their output of are bringing fresh ideas to sciences (S10). These scientists are highlighted high-quality research, either across the their fields. based on their recent contributions to the 82 breadth of subjects in the natural sciences, journals tracked by the Nature Index, and their or in specific areas. As always in the Nature EDITORIAL: Catherine Armitage, Smriti Mallapaty, Rebecca Dargie, Herb Brody, standing in the League of Scholars Whole-of- Index, our primary quantitative measurement Stephen Pincock ANALYSIS: Aaron Web ranking, which assesses individuals on is fractional count (FC) — a metric that Ballagh, Bo Wu, Willem Sijp ART & DESIGN: Tanner Maxwell, Madeline their research quality and impact, industry accounts for the relative contribution of each Hutchinson, Ruffi Lu, Mohamed Ashour, links and co-authorship networks. Their author to an article. All FC figures are adjusted Wojtek Urbanek WEB DEVELOPMENT & DESIGN: Bob Edenbach, Olivier work ranges from analysing peatland and to 2017 levels. Lechevalier, Roberto Espinoza, permafrost, to developing wearable electronics. A section on young universities explores Naomi Nakahara, Erika Suzuki DATA The researchers have all demonstrated their progress in the research world, achieved QUALITY: Jörn Ishikawa, Yuxin Wang, Paul Glaeser, Megha Katyal, Tipsy excellence, and the passion, ambition and without the years of experience of established Jerald, Fabiha Shaikh, Rasika Zilpelwar resilience to rise higher — essential for competitors (S30). We expect to see more of PRODUCTION: Kay Lewis, Karl Smart, Ian Pope, Nick Bruni MARKETING: surviving in academia. As competition for these high-flying contributors to the Nature Stacy Best Ruel, Angelica Sarne jobs intensifies, researchers are expected to do Index, in reports of scientific inquiry and the PROJECT MANAGEMENT: Rebecca more earlier in their careers, from publishing testimonies of social change. Jones, Chris Gilloch, Kazuki Kurebayashi, Sharon Wang SALES: Helen Hill, Janet high-quality research to achieving impact, Cen, Olaitan Fakinlede, Maki Ishikawa, Neil attracting funding, teaching, and cultivating Smriti Mallapaty Macmillan, Nichole Yu, Stella Yan, Tommy Yim ART DIRECTOR: Kelly Buckheit international connections. Senior editor, Nature Index Krause PUBLISHING: Nick Campbell, Richard Hughes, David Swinbanks. NATURE INDEX 2018 RISING STARS Nature Index 2018 Rising Stars, a supplement to Nature, is produced by Nature Research, the flagship science The world at their feet Discovery relies whose growth in high-quality portfolio of Springer Nature. This publication is based on data from the S10 The on strong support staff research surpasses their peers. Nature Index, a Nature Research website newcomers S24: A lack of trained maintained and made freely available at making administrators is holding Predicting scientific natureindex.com. their mark African scientists back. success NATURE EDITORIAL OFFICES The Campus, 4 Crinan Street, in science S32: Even sophisticated, data- London N1 9XW, UK across the Movers and shakers driven models of academic Tel: +44 (0)20 7833 4000 disciplines. S26: The most improved careers have trouble forecasting Fax: +44 (0)20 7843 4596/7 institutions in the Nature the highs and lows. CUSTOMER SERVICES To advertise with the Nature Index, Challenger states Index 2015–2017. please visit natureindex.com/ S20: Strength in different The tables [email protected] Copyright © 2018 Macmillan Publishers sectors, subjects, and regions Green shoots S35: The world’s institutions Limited, part of Springer Nature. PADDY MILLS PADDY contributes to national success. S30: The young universities ranked by output rise. All rights reserved. NATURE INDEX 2018 | RISING STARS | S9 NATURE INDEX | RISING STARS THE WORLD AT THEIR FEET These newcomers are making their mark in science across the disciplines. From cutting the cost of solar electricity to reducing the risk of The analysis included active researchers who have published ovarian cancer, the 11 early- to mid-career scientists profiled at least one paper in the 82 index journals in 2017, and whose here are emerging as leaders in their fields. first scientific paper appeared less than 20 years ago, with some They stood out from among 500 scientists assessed using the even emerging on the scholarly scene in the past six years. power of the Nature Index and the League of Scholars Whole- The profiled scientists have shown year-on-year citation of-Web (WoW) rankings. They are bringing fresh ideas in a growth, and scored exceptionally in the WoW ranking, which range of disciplines, from cognitive neuroscience to geology, identifies the most influential researchers using an algorithm and condensed matter physics. Their initiative, curiosity and similar to Google’s PageRank. It considers factors such as the flexibility have given them an edge in a competitive research quality of a scientist’s output, links to industry, and co-author- environment. ship networks. RESEARCH RECORD Dane deQuilettes’s publication history. Each dot represents one paper, with citation gures correct as of 3 August 2018. Red dots represent papers published in one of the 82 journals tracked by the Nature Index. Some dots overlap. 600 500 Non-Nature Index Journals 400 Nature Index Journals 300 Citations Citations 200 100 0 2014 2018 Publication year DANE DEQUILETTES, 28 MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY DEFECT DETECTIVE A chemist seeks the right material to bring cheap, solar electricity to those without access. Materials scientist Dane deQuilettes hopes to help transform the world’s energy sys- tems, especially for people who don’t have reliable access to electricity. The postdoc at MIT is using his expertise in the properties of promising materials called perovskites to make it happen. The performance of perovskites in solar cells rivals conventional silicon, and they promise to be much cheaper to make. While costs of silicon solar cells, which supply 1.7% S10 | NATURE INDEX 2018 | RISING STARS RISING STARS | NATURE INDEX of the world’s electricity, have come down, improved the resolution of conventional they are not likely to fall low enough to make optical microscopes by using a beam of elec- an impact for the 1.2 billion people globally trons, instead of light, to reveal nanometre- who don’t have access to grid electricity. sized structural features. But Feynman urged GridEdge Solar is an MIT project, led researchers to improve the resolution by a by deQuilettes, to evaluate different light- hundred times. Drawing on imaging theory, weight, flexible photovoltaic materials, Ge and a team at the Chinese Academy of and, in a few years, build a pilot line to Sciences’s Institute of Physics developed a manufacture them. He thinks perovskites, method for obtaining structural information which can be made into ink-like solutions less than a nanometre in size, using conven- and printed on rolls of material, similar tional TEM. They provided the first analyti- to newsprint, are a strong contender. The cal expression of image distortions that arise project is funded by the Indian philan- in samples of greater thickness and used that thropic organization Tata Trusts. to observe individual atoms. deQuilettes, who has a background in Ge has moved on to the application of TEM chemistry, started working on perovskites to reveal the microstructures of catalysts and during his PhD at the University of Washing- thermoelectric materials in unprecedented ton. Fascinated by their particular crystalline detail. Recently, he has been exploring the SOURCE FOR ALL GRAPHS: NATURE INDEX/DIMENSIONS FROM DIGITAL SCIENCE INDEX/DIMENSIONS FROM DIGITAL ALL GRAPHS: NATURE SOURCE FOR structure, he has studied how single mis- 150 microstructure of thermoelectric materials placed atoms in perovskites can degrade their at multiple scales, with a view to improving properties and inhibit their performance in a 120 their efficiency in heating, cooling and gen- solar cell. Before his work, it wasn’t clear why 90 erating power. These materials could be used 60 there was so much variation in the quality of Citations to convert the wasted two-thirds of heat pro- perovskite solar cells. deQuilettes revealed 30 duced by vehicle engines to electricity. the answer in the varying atomic alignment 0 Ge wants to explore cryo-electron micros- in different regions of the crystalline materi- 2006 2018 copy, a TEM method
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