Phlaeothripinae

Index | Glossary A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z Phlaeothripinae Introduction The sub-order Tubulifera comprises a single family of living thrips, the Phlaeothripidae, and in this two subfamilies are recognised (ThripsWiki, 2020). In subfamily Phlaeothripinae there are 2990 described species in 370 genera worldwide, and in the Idolothripinae 735 species in 83 genera. An alternative classification proposed by Bhatti (1992, 1994) recognised an Head & pronotum Female [Timor Leste] Prosternites & eyes Order Tubulifera in which eight small families were distinguished from Phlaeothripidae. There is no general introduction to the Phlaeothripidae of Australia, but introductions are available to taxa in this Family from the Neotropics (Mound & Marullo, 1996) and also from Japan (Okajima, 2006). The Australian fauna of Phlaeothripinae currently comprises 530 species in 115 genera (ABRS, 2020). No Female Prosternites introduction is available to the diversity of these taxa, although revisionary accounts are available for most of the major groups within the subfamily. Within the Phlaeothripinae there seem to be three major lineages (Mound & Marullo, 1996). The “Phlaeothrips lineage” comprises in Australia a diverse suite of fungus-feeders on dead branches (Mound & Tree, 2011, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016; Mound et al., 2020), with a second suite usually found in leaf litter (Mound, Male head, pronotum & fore legs 1972, 2013; Mound & Tree, 2015, 2018; Wang et al., 2019). Completely wingless species in litter sometimes exist as a mosaic of slightly different looking forms, presumably due to limited gene flow between localised demes, and taxonomic interpretations of this variation remain conjectural. The “Haplothrips lineage” that constitutes the Tribe Haplothripini are commonly flower-living (Mound & Minaei, 2007). However, within this group there are also genera of predatory species such as the grass-living Podothrips species (Mound & Minaei, 2007), and the species of Xylaplothrips and Mesandrothrips (Mound & Tree, 2019). The third major group within the Phlaeothripinae comprises leaf-feeding species of the “Liothrips lineage”. Many such species occur in the moister forests of eastern Australia, where they are known to induce leaf-rolling on various trees and shrubs; one is particularly common on the cultivars of Callistemon citrinum (Mound, 2008). On the Australian phyllodinous Acacia species there has been an extensive and structurally diverse thrips radiation. Some species induce pouch galls on phyllodes, and a few of these species have a caste of non-breeding wingless individuals that function as soldiers to repel intruding insects, particularly a suite of kleptoparasitic Phlaeothripinae (Crespi et al., 2004). Species of another group of genera have the remarkable ability of glueing or sewing together two or more phyllodes of an Acacia tree in order to produce a domicile within which to breed (Bono & Crespi, 2008). Moreover, such domiciles are also invaded by yet other kleptoparasitic Phlaeothripinae. Species of another genus induce woody galls on various Casuarina trees, and these galls are, in turn, invaded by one or more kleptoparasitic Phlaeothripinae species (Mound & Crespi, 1992). One such kleptoparasitic thrips in Western Australia is noteworthy for dimorphism in the male genitalia (Mound et al., 1998). Generic names with author/date ! - indicates endemic to Australia Adraneothrips Hood, 1925 ! Adrothrips Moulton, 1942 ! Adurothrips Mound, 1994 ! Advenathrips Morris, Mound & Schwarz, 2000 ! Akainothrips Mound, 1971 ! Akthethrips Mound, 1970 Aleurodothrips Franklin, 1909 Androthrips Karny, 1911 Apelaunothrips Karny, 1925 ! Apostlethrips Mound & Minaei, 2006 Apterygothrips Priesner, 1933 ! Argothrips Mound & Tree, 2017 ! Asemothrips Hood, 1919 Azaleothrips Ananthakrishnan, 1964 Baenothrips Crawford, 1948 Bagnalliella Karny, 1920 Bamboosiella Ananthakrishnan, 1957 ! Bocathrips Goldrazena, 2010 ! Brakothrips Crespi, Morris & Mound, 2004 ! Buffettithrips Mound & Wells, 2015 ! Callococcithrips Mound & Wells, 2007 ! Carcinothrips Moulton, 1929 Cartomothrips Stannard, 1962 ! Choleothrips Moulton, 1927 ! Corroboreethrips Mound & Moritz, 2000 ! Crespithrips Mound & Morris, 2000 ! Csirothrips Mound, 1971 ! Dactylothrips Bagnall, 1923 Deplorothrips Mound & Walker, 1986 Dolichothrips Karny, 1912 ! Domeothrips Crespi, Morris & Mound, 2004 ! Dunatothrips Moulton, 1942 Dyothrips Kudo, 1974 Ecacanthothrips Bagnall, 1908 Euoplothrips Hood, 1918 ! Eurynothrips Bagnall, 1908 Gigantothrips Zimmermann, 1900 ! Giraultithrips Mound & Tree, 2014 ! Glaridothrips Crespi, Morris & Mound, 2004 ! Grypothrips Karny, 1924 Gynaikothrips Zimmermann, 1900 Habrothrips Ananthakrishnan, 1967 Haplothrips Amyot & Serville, 1843 ! Heligmothrips Mound, 1970 ! Heptadikothrips Crespi, Morris & Mound, 2004 ! Hexadikothrips Crespi, Morris & Mound, 2004 ! Holoengythrips Mound & Tree, 2014 Holothrips Karny, 1911 Hoplandrothrips Hood, 1912 Hoplothrips Amyot & Serville, 1843 ! Horistothrips Morgan, 1913 ! Iotatubothrips Mound & Crespi, 1992 Jacotia Faure, 1940 Karnyothrips Watson, 1923 ! Katothrips Mound, 1971 ! Kellyia Bagnall, 1929 ! Kladothrips Froggatt, 1906 Klambothrips Mound & Morris, 2007 ! Koptothrips Bagnall, 1929 ! Kremnothrips Mound & Tree, 2017 Leeuwenia Karny, 1912 ! Leichhardtithrips Tree & Mound, 2013 ! Lichanothrips Mound, 1971 Liothrips Uzel, 1895 Lissothrips Hood, 1908 Macrophthalmothrips Karny, 1922 ! Majerthrips Mound & Minaei, 2006 Malacothrips Hinds, 1902 Mesandrothrips Priesner, 1933 Mesothrips Zimmermann, 1900 ! Moultonides Kevan, 1963 Mystrothrips Priesner, 1949 ! Neocecidothrips Bagnall, 1929 Neohoodiella Bournier, 1997 Octurothrips Priesner, 1931 ! Ostlingothrips Crespi, Morris & Mound, 2004 ! Panoplothrips Moulton, 1968 ! Paracholeothrips Moulton, 1968 ! Phallothrips Mound & Crespi, 1992 Plectrothrips Hood, 1908 Podothrips Hood, 1913 Preeriella Hood, 1939 Priesneria Bagnall, 1926 Psalidothrips Priesner, 1932 Pygmaeothrips Karny, 1920 ! Rhopalothripoides Bagnall, 1929 ! Sacothrips Moulton, 1968 ! Sartrithrips Mound & Morris, 2001 ! Schwarzithrips Mound & Morris, 2000 ! Senithrips Mound & Minaei, 2006 Solomonthrips Mound, 1970 Sophiothrips Hood, 1933 ! Spilothrips Moulton, 1942 Stephanothrips Trybom, 1912 Stictothrips Hood, 1925 ! Stomothrips Okajima, 2000 Strepterothrips Hood, 1933 Streptothrips Priesner, 1932 ! Sunaitothrips Moulton, 1942 Terthrothrips Karny, 1925 Teuchothrips Hood, 1919 ! Thaumatothrips Karny, 1922 ! Tolmetothrips Priesner, 1953 ! Triadothrips Crespi, Morris & Mound, 2004 ! Truncatothrips Crespi, Morris & Mound, 2004 ! Turmathrips Crespi, Morris & Mound, 2004 Tylothrips Hood, 1937! Urothrips Bagnall, 1909 ! Vicinothrips Mound & Morris, 2000 ! Warithrips Mound, 1971 Williamsiella Hood, 1925 ! Xaniothrips Mound, 1971 ! Xyelethrips Mound, 1970 Xylaplothrips Priesner, 1928 Yarnkothrips Mound & Walker, 1986 ! Zemiathrips Mound, 2002 References Crespi BJ, Morris DC & Mound LA (2004) Evolution of ecological and behavioural diversity: Australian Acacia thrips as model organisms. Australian Biological Resources Study & Australian National Insect Collection, CSIRO, Canberra, Australia. 328pp Dang L-H, Mound LA & Qiao G-X (2013) Leaf-litter thrips of the genus Adraneothrips from Asia and Australia (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 3716 (1): 001–021. Mound LA (2002b) Zemiathrips; a new genus of fungus-feeding phlaeothripine Thysanoptera in Australian leaf-litter. Australian Journal of Entomology 41: 209–215. Mound LA (2004c) Australian long-tailed gall thrips (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae, Leeuweniini), with comments on related Old World taxa. Australian Journal of Entomology 43: 36–45. Mound LA (2019) Identification of Haplothrips species from Malesia (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 4623 (1): 041–050. Mound LA, Dang L-H & Tree DJ (2013) Genera of fungivorous Phlaeothripinae (Thysanoptera) from dead branches and leaf-litter in Australia. Zootaxa 3681 (3): 201–224. Mound LA & Minaei K (2006) New fungus-feeding thrips (Thysanoptera-Phlaeothripinae) from tropical Australia. Zootaxa 1150: 1–17. http://www.mapress.com/zootaxa/2006f/zt01150p017.pdf Mound LA & Minaei K (2007) Australian insects of the Haplothrips lineage (Thysanoptera – Phlaeothripinae). 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Mound LA & Tree DJ (2018a) Fungus-feeding thrips of the genus Stephanothrips in Australia (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 4442 (1): 181–186. Mound LA & Tree DC (2019) Rediagnoses of the Asian genera Xylaplothrips and Mesandrothrips (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae, Haplothripini), with keys to Australian species. Zootaxa 4613 (2): 327–341. Mound L, Wang J & Tree DJ (2020) The genus Hoplothrips in Australia (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae), with eleven new species. Zootaxa 4718 (3): 301–323. Tree DJ, Mound LA & Field AR (2015) Host specificity studies on Gynaikothrips (Thysanoptera:Phlaeothripidae) associated with leaf galls of cultivated Ficus (Rosales: Moraceae) trees. Florida Entomologist 98 (3): 880–883. Wang J, Mound L & Tree DJ (2019) Leaf-litter thrips of the genus Psalidothrips (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripidae) from Australia, with fifteen new species. Zootaxa 4686 (1): 053–073.