DOCSLIB.ORG

Phlaeothripinae

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

Index | Glossary A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z Phlaeothripinae Introduction The sub-order Tubulifera comprises a single family of living thrips, the Phlaeothripidae, and in this two subfamilies are recognised (ThripsWiki, 2020). In subfamily Phlaeothripinae there are 2990 described species in 370 genera worldwide, and in the Idolothripinae 735 species in 83 genera. An alternative classification proposed by Bhatti (1992, 1994) recognised an Head & pronotum Female [Timor Leste] Prosternites & eyes Order Tubulifera in which eight small families were distinguished from Phlaeothripidae. There is no general introduction to the Phlaeothripidae of Australia, but introductions are available to taxa in this Family from the Neotropics (Mound & Marullo, 1996) and also from Japan (Okajima, 2006). The Australian fauna of Phlaeothripinae currently comprises 530 species in 115 genera (ABRS, 2020). No Female Prosternites introduction is available to the diversity of these taxa, although revisionary accounts are available for most of the major groups within the subfamily. Within the Phlaeothripinae there seem to be three major lineages (Mound & Marullo, 1996). The “Phlaeothrips lineage” comprises in Australia a diverse suite of fungus-feeders on dead branches (Mound & Tree, 2011, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016; Mound et al., 2020), with a second suite usually found in leaf litter (Mound, Male head, pronotum & fore legs 1972, 2013; Mound & Tree, 2015, 2018; Wang et al., 2019). Completely wingless species in litter sometimes exist as a mosaic of slightly different looking forms, presumably due to limited gene flow between localised demes, and taxonomic interpretations of this variation remain conjectural. The “Haplothrips lineage” that constitutes the Tribe Haplothripini are commonly flower-living (Mound & Minaei, 2007). However, within this group there are also genera of predatory species such as the grass-living Podothrips species (Mound & Minaei, 2007), and the species of Xylaplothrips and Mesandrothrips (Mound & Tree, 2019). The third major group within the Phlaeothripinae comprises leaf-feeding species of the “Liothrips lineage”. Many such species occur in the moister forests of eastern Australia, where they are known to induce leaf-rolling on various trees and shrubs; one is particularly common on the cultivars of Callistemon citrinum (Mound, 2008). On the Australian phyllodinous Acacia species there has been an extensive and structurally diverse thrips radiation. Some species induce pouch galls on phyllodes, and a few of these species have a caste of non-breeding wingless individuals that function as soldiers to repel intruding insects, particularly a suite of kleptoparasitic Phlaeothripinae (Crespi et al., 2004). Species of another group of genera have the remarkable ability of glueing or sewing together two or more phyllodes of an Acacia tree in order to produce a domicile within which to breed (Bono & Crespi, 2008). Moreover, such domiciles are also invaded by yet other kleptoparasitic Phlaeothripinae. Species of another genus induce woody galls on various Casuarina trees, and these galls are, in turn, invaded by one or more kleptoparasitic Phlaeothripinae species (Mound & Crespi, 1992). One such kleptoparasitic thrips in Western Australia is noteworthy for dimorphism in the male genitalia (Mound et al., 1998). Generic names with author/date ! - indicates endemic to Australia Adraneothrips Hood, 1925 ! Adrothrips Moulton, 1942 ! Adurothrips Mound, 1994 ! Advenathrips Morris, Mound & Schwarz, 2000 ! Akainothrips Mound, 1971 ! Akthethrips Mound, 1970 Aleurodothrips Franklin, 1909 Androthrips Karny, 1911 Apelaunothrips Karny, 1925 ! Apostlethrips Mound & Minaei, 2006 Apterygothrips Priesner, 1933 ! Argothrips Mound & Tree, 2017 ! Asemothrips Hood, 1919 Azaleothrips Ananthakrishnan, 1964 Baenothrips Crawford, 1948 Bagnalliella Karny, 1920 Bamboosiella Ananthakrishnan, 1957 ! Bocathrips Goldrazena, 2010 ! Brakothrips Crespi, Morris & Mound, 2004 ! Buffettithrips Mound & Wells, 2015 ! Callococcithrips Mound & Wells, 2007 ! Carcinothrips Moulton, 1929 Cartomothrips Stannard, 1962 ! Choleothrips Moulton, 1927 ! Corroboreethrips Mound & Moritz, 2000 ! Crespithrips Mound & Morris, 2000 ! Csirothrips Mound, 1971 ! Dactylothrips Bagnall, 1923 Deplorothrips Mound & Walker, 1986 Dolichothrips Karny, 1912 ! Domeothrips Crespi, Morris & Mound, 2004 ! Dunatothrips Moulton, 1942 Dyothrips Kudo, 1974 Ecacanthothrips Bagnall, 1908 Euoplothrips Hood, 1918 ! Eurynothrips Bagnall, 1908 Gigantothrips Zimmermann, 1900 ! Giraultithrips Mound & Tree, 2014 ! Glaridothrips Crespi, Morris & Mound, 2004 ! Grypothrips Karny, 1924 Gynaikothrips Zimmermann, 1900 Habrothrips Ananthakrishnan, 1967 Haplothrips Amyot & Serville, 1843 ! Heligmothrips Mound, 1970 ! Heptadikothrips Crespi, Morris & Mound, 2004 ! Hexadikothrips Crespi, Morris & Mound, 2004 ! Holoengythrips Mound & Tree, 2014 Holothrips Karny, 1911 Hoplandrothrips Hood, 1912 Hoplothrips Amyot & Serville, 1843 ! Horistothrips Morgan, 1913 ! Iotatubothrips Mound & Crespi, 1992 Jacotia Faure, 1940 Karnyothrips Watson, 1923 ! Katothrips Mound, 1971 ! Kellyia Bagnall, 1929 ! Kladothrips Froggatt, 1906 Klambothrips Mound & Morris, 2007 ! Koptothrips Bagnall, 1929 ! Kremnothrips Mound & Tree, 2017 Leeuwenia Karny, 1912 ! Leichhardtithrips Tree & Mound, 2013 ! Lichanothrips Mound, 1971 Liothrips Uzel, 1895 Lissothrips Hood, 1908 Macrophthalmothrips Karny, 1922 ! Majerthrips Mound & Minaei, 2006 Malacothrips Hinds, 1902 Mesandrothrips Priesner, 1933 Mesothrips Zimmermann, 1900 ! Moultonides Kevan, 1963 Mystrothrips Priesner, 1949 ! Neocecidothrips Bagnall, 1929 Neohoodiella Bournier, 1997 Octurothrips Priesner, 1931 ! Ostlingothrips Crespi, Morris & Mound, 2004 ! Panoplothrips Moulton, 1968 ! Paracholeothrips Moulton, 1968 ! Phallothrips Mound & Crespi, 1992 Plectrothrips Hood, 1908 Podothrips Hood, 1913 Preeriella Hood, 1939 Priesneria Bagnall, 1926 Psalidothrips Priesner, 1932 Pygmaeothrips Karny, 1920 ! Rhopalothripoides Bagnall, 1929 ! Sacothrips Moulton, 1968 ! Sartrithrips Mound & Morris, 2001 ! Schwarzithrips Mound & Morris, 2000 ! Senithrips Mound & Minaei, 2006 Solomonthrips Mound, 1970 Sophiothrips Hood, 1933 ! Spilothrips Moulton, 1942 Stephanothrips Trybom, 1912 Stictothrips Hood, 1925 ! Stomothrips Okajima, 2000 Strepterothrips Hood, 1933 Streptothrips Priesner, 1932 ! Sunaitothrips Moulton, 1942 Terthrothrips Karny, 1925 Teuchothrips Hood, 1919 ! Thaumatothrips Karny, 1922 ! Tolmetothrips Priesner, 1953 ! Triadothrips Crespi, Morris & Mound, 2004 ! Truncatothrips Crespi, Morris & Mound, 2004 ! Turmathrips Crespi, Morris & Mound, 2004 Tylothrips Hood, 1937! Urothrips Bagnall, 1909 ! Vicinothrips Mound & Morris, 2000 ! Warithrips Mound, 1971 Williamsiella Hood, 1925 ! Xaniothrips Mound, 1971 ! Xyelethrips Mound, 1970 Xylaplothrips Priesner, 1928 Yarnkothrips Mound & Walker, 1986 ! Zemiathrips Mound, 2002 References Crespi BJ, Morris DC & Mound LA (2004) Evolution of ecological and behavioural diversity: Australian Acacia thrips as model organisms. Australian Biological Resources Study & Australian National Insect Collection, CSIRO, Canberra, Australia. 328pp Dang L-H, Mound LA & Qiao G-X (2013) Leaf-litter thrips of the genus Adraneothrips from Asia and Australia (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 3716 (1): 001–021. Mound LA (2002b) Zemiathrips; a new genus of fungus-feeding phlaeothripine Thysanoptera in Australian leaf-litter. Australian Journal of Entomology 41: 209–215. Mound LA (2004c) Australian long-tailed gall thrips (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae, Leeuweniini), with comments on related Old World taxa. Australian Journal of Entomology 43: 36–45. Mound LA (2019) Identification of Haplothrips species from Malesia (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 4623 (1): 041–050. Mound LA, Dang L-H & Tree DJ (2013) Genera of fungivorous Phlaeothripinae (Thysanoptera) from dead branches and leaf-litter in Australia. Zootaxa 3681 (3): 201–224. Mound LA & Minaei K (2006) New fungus-feeding thrips (Thysanoptera-Phlaeothripinae) from tropical Australia. Zootaxa 1150: 1–17. http://www.mapress.com/zootaxa/2006f/zt01150p017.pdf Mound LA & Minaei K (2007) Australian insects of the Haplothrips lineage (Thysanoptera – Phlaeothripinae). Journal of Natural History 41: 2919–2978. http://pdfserve.informaworld.com/869319_751315335_789049544.pdf Mound LA & Tree DJ (2013) Fungus-feeding thrips from Australia in the worldwide genus Hoplandrothrips (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 3700 (3): 476–494. Mound LA & Tree DJ (2014) Fungus-feeding phlaeothripine Thysanoptera in the genus Holothrips from Australia and New Caledonia, with a structurally similar new genus, Holoengythrips. Zootaxa 3860 (2): 125–148. Mound LA & Tree DJ (2015a) The genus Lissothrips from mosses and lichens in Australia and New Zealand (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae) Zootaxa 3946 (3): 361–373. Mound LA & Tree DJ (2015b) Fungus-feeding Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripinae of the Idiothrips genus-group in Australia, with nine new species. Zootaxa 4034 (2): 325–341. Mound LA & Tree DJ (2016b) Australian mycophagous species of the genus Deplorothrips (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 4208 (3): 201–220. Mound LA & Tree DJ (2018a) Fungus-feeding thrips of the genus Stephanothrips in Australia (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 4442 (1): 181–186. Mound LA & Tree DC (2019) Rediagnoses of the Asian genera Xylaplothrips and Mesandrothrips (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae, Haplothripini), with keys to Australian species. Zootaxa 4613 (2): 327–341. Mound L, Wang J & Tree DJ (2020) The genus Hoplothrips in Australia (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae), with eleven new species. Zootaxa 4718 (3): 301–323. Tree DJ, Mound LA & Field AR (2015) Host specificity studies on Gynaikothrips (Thysanoptera:Phlaeothripidae) associated with leaf galls of cultivated Ficus (Rosales: Moraceae) trees. Florida Entomologist 98 (3): 880–883. Wang J, Mound L & Tree DJ (2019) Leaf-litter thrips of the genus Psalidothrips (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripidae) from Australia, with fifteen new species. Zootaxa 4686 (1): 053–073. Copyright © 2020. All rights reserved..
Recommended publications
  • Thysanoptera (Insecta) of Barrow Island, Western Australia

    Thysanoptera (Insecta) of Barrow Island, Western Australia

    RECORDS OF THE WESTERN AUSTRALIAN MUSEUM 83 287–290 (2013) SUPPLEMENT Thysanoptera (Insecta) of Barrow Island, Western Australia Laurence A. Mound CSIRO Ecosystem Sciences, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT – Almost 50 species of the insect order Thysanoptera are here listed from Barrow Island, Western Australia, of which several are known only from this island. This cannot be interpreted as indicating that any species is endemic to the island, because almost nothing is known of the Thysanoptera fauna of the nearby mainland. KEYWORDS: Thysanoptera, thrips, Barrow Island INTRODUCTION taxa that have been recognised from the available samples. The Australian fauna of the insect order Thysanoptera is far from exhaustively known. Within the order Thysanoptera, two suborders The number of correctly identified species from are recognised, both of which are well represented this continent was less than 20 in 1915, about 225 on Barrow Island. The Tubulifera comprises in 1960, and almost 400 by 1995. However, even a single family, Phlaeothripidae, whereas the Terebrantia includes five families in Australia the total of 830 species now listed (ABRS 2012) (Mound et al. 2012), of which three were found in seems likely to represent little more than 50% of the Barrow Island samples. Nomenclatural details the real fauna (Mound et al. 2012). Field studies of Thysanoptera taxa are not given here, but are have been concentrated primarily on parts of New fully web-available (ThripsWiki 2013; ABRS 2012). South Wales, eastern Queensland and Central Australia. Only limited field work has been carried BARROW ISLAND THYSANOPTERA- out in most of Western Australia, moreover the TEREBRANTIA northern tropics of Australia as well as the forests of Tasmania and Victoria remain little sampled.
  • Bean Thrips Surveys

    Bean Thrips Surveys

    Blackwell Publishing AsiaMelbourne, AustraliaAENAustralian Journal of Entomology1326-6756© 2006 The Authors; Journal compilation © 2006 Australian Entomological SocietyMay 2006452122129Original ArticleSurvey for Caliothrips fasciatus in Australia M S Hoddle et al. Australian Journal of Entomology (2006) 45, 122–129 Populations of North American bean thrips, Caliothrips fasciatus (Pergande) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae: Panchaetothripinae) not detected in Australia Mark S Hoddle,1* Christina D Stosic1 and Laurence A Mound2 1Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA. 2Australian National Insect Collection, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. Abstract Caliothrips fasciatus is native to the USA and western Mexico and overwintering adults are regular contaminants in the ‘navel’ of navel oranges exported from California, USA to Australia, New Zealand and elsewhere. Due to the long history of regular interceptions of C. fasciatus in Australia, a survey for this thrips was undertaken around airports, seaports, public recreational parks and major agricul- tural areas in the states of Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria, South Australia and Western Australia to determine whether C. fasciatus has successfully invaded Australia. Host plants that are known to support populations of C. fasciatus, such as various annual and perennial agricultural crops, urban ornamentals and weeds along with native Australian flora, were sampled for this thrips. A total of 4675 thrips specimens encompassing at least 76 species from a minimum of 47 genera, and three families were collected from at least 159 plant species in 67 families. Caliothrips striatopterus was collected in Queensland, but the target species, C. fasciatus, was not found anywhere. An undescribed genus of Thripidae, Panchaetothripinae, was collected from ornamental Grevillea (var.
  • Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae): Redefinition and Key to Species

    Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae): Redefinition and Key to Species

    The southern Palaearctic genus Neoheegeria (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae): redefinition and key to species Kambiz Minaei, Parvaneh Azemayeshfard & Laurence A. Mound Problems in character state definition and interpretation in the Haplothrips-group are discussed, together with their implications for species identification and systematics. As a result, Neoheegeria Schmutz, 1909 is redefined to include only those species in this group that have three sensoria on the third antennal segment. The subgenus Haplothrips (Gigaplothrips) Priesner, 1949 is synonymised with Neoheegeria, and four species are recognized as valid; N. dalmatica Schmutz, 1909, N. gigantea (Priesner, 1934) comb.n., N. persica Priesner, 1954, and N. sinaitica Priesner, 1934. Three new synonyms are recognized under N. dalmatica; N. ballotae Priesner, 1951, N. hamanni Priesner, 1961 and N. nevskyi Moulton, 1946, and this species is widely distributed in the southern Palearctic. In contrast, N. persica and N. sinaitica are known only from Iran and Egypt respectively, and N. gigantea from Egypt to Morocco. The following six new combinations involve species with less than three sensoria on the third antennal segment: Haplothrips biroi (Priesner, 1928), H. faurei (Zur Strassen, 1966), H. hrasvamukha (Ramakrishna, 1928), H. johni (Priesner, 1925), H. lederi (Priesner, 1924), and H. verbasci (Osborn, 1897). One new combination involves an unrelated species from India, Xylaplothrips montanus (Ananthakrishnan & Jagadish, 1970). The available biological data suggest that species of Neoheegeria are associated particularly with the flowers of Lamiaceae. K. Minaei * & P. Azemayeshfard, ����������������Plant Protection D����������epartment, F���������aculty of Horticultural Science and Plant Protection, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Iran, [email protected] L.A.
  • Biology of Leaf Gall-Inducing Thlibothrips Manipurenis Muraleedharan, 1982 on Ardisia Sp

    Biology of Leaf Gall-Inducing Thlibothrips Manipurenis Muraleedharan, 1982 on Ardisia Sp

    ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Beiträge zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology Jahr/Year: 2012 Band/Volume: 62 Autor(en)/Author(s): Taptamani Heishnam, Varatharajan Rameiyer, Raman A. Artikel/Article: Biology of leaf gall-inducing Thlibothrips manipurenis Muraleedharan, 1982 on Ardisia sp. (Myrsinaceae) in north-eastern India (Thysanoptera: Tubulifera: Phlaeothripidae). 69-76 ©www.senckenberg.de/; download www.contributions-to-entomology.org/ Beitr. Ent. Keltern ISSN 0005 - 805X 62 (2012) 1 S. 69 - 76 15.05.2012 Biology of leaf gall-inducingThlibothrips manipurenis Muraleedharan, 1982 onA rdisia sp. (Myrsinaceae) in north­ eastern India (Thysanoptera: Tubulifera: Phlaeothripidae) With 11 figures Heishnam Taptamani, Ramaiyer VAratharajan and A nantanarayanan Raman Summary Biology of the epiphyllous roll-gall-inducing Thlibothrips manipurensis was studied on Ardisia sp. under laboratory conditions. T manipurensis laid eggs linearly along the margins of tender leaves. Eggs hatched in 6.8 d and the larval duration was 3.4 and 8.2 d for larvae I and II, respectively. After 20.2 h as prepupa, T manipurensis grew into pupa; adult emergence occurred in 4 d. Each female laid 34±7 eggs and the mean longevity of the adult was 10.2 d. Increase in thrips numbers correlated with the age of the gall: 15 individ- uals/gall occurred in young (4—10 d) galls, whereas 28 occurred in mature (20 d) galls, and 36 in old (25 d) galls. Male-female ratio in old galls was 1:5. Mature galls included a homogeneous tissue structure, made of 12-15 layers of parenchyma cells with no distinction into spongy and palisade cells.
  • Phlaeothripidae: Thysanoptera

    Phlaeothripidae: Thysanoptera

    Vol. XXII, No. 3, December, 1977 495 A Review of the Hawaiian Species of Idolothripinae (Phlaeothripidae: Thysanoptera) K. Sakimura and F. A. Bianchi BISHOP MUSEUM, HONOLULU, HAWAII Published knowledge of the Hawaiian tubuliferous thrips fauna is meager. This is largely due to the limited extent to which our findings have been reported in the past. Those accumulated findings are being jointly reported in this paper and in others to follow. The primary objective of these papers is to assemble all the information on these thrips together in a ready reference available for local use. All the Hawaiian literatures will be completely cited. Recent innovations in the systematics of the suborder Tubulifera, specifically the two major contributions by Mound (1974a, b) on the Pacific Idolothripinae, provided impetus to the study of the Hawaiian species. The last review of the Hawaiian Thysanoptera (Zimmerman 1948) is in need of extensive clarifications and additions. It listed only six idolothripine species. In the present review, one synonymy and two nomenclatural changes are reported, and four more species, including one new to science, are added. A new idolothripine species described subsequent to the last review was found to have been misplaced in this subfamily. Among nine species listed here, only three are considered endemic to the Hawaiian Islands. Materials accumulated in the Sakimura Collection and the Bishop Museum Collection are all pooled in this work. The Bianchi Collection, which included the HSPA Collection and the Hawaiian Entomological Society Collection, is now deposited in the Bernice P. Biship Museum. In our listings of "Material Studied" and "Earlier Collection Recorded", specimens from the Sakimura Collection are all specified by his accession numbers, and those from the Bishop Museum Collection are marked with an asterisk.
  • Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripinae, Leeuweniini), with Comments on Related Old World Taxa

    Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripinae, Leeuweniini), with Comments on Related Old World Taxa

    Blackwell Science, LtdOxford, UKAENAustralian Journal of Entomology1326-67562004 Australian Entomological SocietyMarch 20044312837Original ArticleAustralian long-tailed gall thripsLaurence A Mound Australian Journal of Entomology (2004) 43, 28–37 Australian long-tailed gall thrips (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripinae, Leeuweniini), with comments on related Old World taxa Laurence A Mound CSIRO Entomology, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. Abstract The Tribe Leeuweniini is a group of Old World Phlaeothripinae species that feed and usually induce irregular galls on the leaves of rainforest trees. These thrips all have the last abdominal segment unusually elongate, but this is a variable and homoplastic character state, and the tribe remains ill- defined. Worldwide, 27 species in three genera are now recognised, with five other generic names here included as synonyms of Leeuwenia Karny. From Australia, six species in two genera are recorded here occurring in the eastern rainforests. Four newly described Australian species and their host plants are: Leeuwenia diospyri sp. n. (Diospyros pentamera–Ebenaceae); L. polyosmae sp. n. (Polyosma cunninghamii–Grossulariaceae); L. scolopiae sp. n. (Scolopia braunii–Flacourtiaceae); and L. tetrastigmae sp. n. (Tetrastigma nitens–Vitaceae). The host association of L. convergens Hood is not known, but the sixth species, Neohoodiella jennibeardae Mound and Williams, breeds on two unrelated plants of which the leaves are similar in texture – Ficus coronata (Moraceae) and Rhipogonum elseyanum (Smilacaceae). Key words galls, Leeuwenia, Neohoodiella, rainforest trees. INTRODUCTION that was found living in an abandoned weevil mine on an Acacia phyllode in Queensland. In contrast to other insects, adults of the 3500 named species This paper gives some account of the six Australian mem- in the thysanopteran family Phlaeothripidae have the tenth bers of an Old World group of 27 described thrips species in abdominal segment forming a complete tube.
  • A Survey on Insect Gall Diversity in Two Different Areas at Kozhikode District, Kerala

    A Survey on Insect Gall Diversity in Two Different Areas at Kozhikode District, Kerala

    Volume 4, Issue 4, April – 2019 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology ISSN No:-2456-2165 A Survey on Insect Gall Diversity in Two Different Areas at Kozhikode District, Kerala Aneesha P. Dr. J. Roopavathy M.Sc., PG and Research Department of Zoology, Nirmala Assistant Professor, PG and Research Department of College for Women, Coimbatore -18 Zoology, Nirmala College for Women, Coimbatore-18 Abstract:- A study investigated to explore the been used in the manufacture of permanent inks, in dyeing distribution of insect gall in two different areas at and in tanning. The gall tissue produced by the same plant Kozhikode district, Kerala (Vatakara and Koyilandi). in response to species of gall formers differed in chemical Galled and ungalled plants were collected from these composition from that of un galled tissue. This is tested two study areas. These galls bearing plant parts were using Folin-Ciocalteu assay for total phenolic study. dissected and observed under the stereomicroscope. Phenols, the aromatic compounds with hydroxyl groups Followed by observation sorting and phenolic test was react with phosphomolybdic acid in Folin-Ciocalteu done up to family level and the possible galls were reagent in alkaline medium and produce blue coloured photographed. So the present study revealed that the complex. galled leaf show higher phenolic content when compared to its ungalled leaf. The present study aimed to investigate the diversity of gall inducing insect and insect induced plant gall from Keywords:- Galls, Ungalls, Stereomicroscope two sites in Kozhikode district, Kerala. The total phenolic content of galled and ungalled leaves of Tectona grandis is I.
  • Diversity of Floral Thrips from Western Ghats of Karnataka

    Diversity of Floral Thrips from Western Ghats of Karnataka

    Indian Journal of Entomology 83(2021) Online published Ref. No. e20145 DoI No.: 10.5958/0974-8172.2020.00192.3 DIVERSITY OF FLORAL THRIPS FROM WESTERN GHATS OF KARNATAKA P ROSELIN*, KULDEEP SHARMA1 AND R R RACHANA2 Department of Agricultural Entomology, College of Agriculture, V C farm Mandya, University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru 571405 Karnataka 1Department of Entomology, Rajasthan College of Agriculture, Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture and Technology, Udaipur 313001 Rajasthan 2Division of Germplasm Collection and Characterization, ICAR-National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources, Bengaluru 560024 Karnataka *Email: [email protected] (corresponding author) ABSTRACT The present study revealed the presence of 12 species of thrips associated with 25 species of flowering plants from Western Ghats of Karnataka. The observation showed that 8 thrips species belonged to suborder, Terebrantia viz., Frankliniella schultzei (Trybom), Neohydatothrips samayunkur Kudo, Stenchaetothrips faurei (Bhatti), Thrips florum (Bagnall), Thrips hawaiiensis (Morgan), Thrips palmi Karny, Thrips tabaci Lindeman and Trichromothrips arorai Bhatti and four thrips species suborder belong to the Tubulifera viz., Thrips parvispinus (Karny), Haplothrips ganglbaueri Schmutz, Karnyothrips melaleucus (Bagnall) and Xylaplothrips ligs Ananthakrishnan and Jagadish. During the study, the density of thrip flower ranged from 1.24 to 9.20 and varied with the thrips species, and families of associated host plants. The study showed the presence of two abundant species viz., H. ganglbaueri and T. arorai from many of the host plants. A species of quarantine importance , T. parvispinus was also observed. Key words: Thysanoptera, survey, species diversity, faunistics, abundance, density, flowers Thrips are relatively small insects, belong to the exist there. Keeping this in view, the present study was order Thysanoptera, and subdivided into two suborders undertaken in Western Ghats of Karnataka to know the viz., Terebrantia and Tubulifera.
  • ARTHROPODA Subphylum Hexapoda Protura, Springtails, Diplura, and Insects

    ARTHROPODA Subphylum Hexapoda Protura, Springtails, Diplura, and Insects

    NINE Phylum ARTHROPODA SUBPHYLUM HEXAPODA Protura, springtails, Diplura, and insects ROD P. MACFARLANE, PETER A. MADDISON, IAN G. ANDREW, JOCELYN A. BERRY, PETER M. JOHNS, ROBERT J. B. HOARE, MARIE-CLAUDE LARIVIÈRE, PENELOPE GREENSLADE, ROSA C. HENDERSON, COURTenaY N. SMITHERS, RicarDO L. PALMA, JOHN B. WARD, ROBERT L. C. PILGRIM, DaVID R. TOWNS, IAN McLELLAN, DAVID A. J. TEULON, TERRY R. HITCHINGS, VICTOR F. EASTOP, NICHOLAS A. MARTIN, MURRAY J. FLETCHER, MARLON A. W. STUFKENS, PAMELA J. DALE, Daniel BURCKHARDT, THOMAS R. BUCKLEY, STEVEN A. TREWICK defining feature of the Hexapoda, as the name suggests, is six legs. Also, the body comprises a head, thorax, and abdomen. The number A of abdominal segments varies, however; there are only six in the Collembola (springtails), 9–12 in the Protura, and 10 in the Diplura, whereas in all other hexapods there are strictly 11. Insects are now regarded as comprising only those hexapods with 11 abdominal segments. Whereas crustaceans are the dominant group of arthropods in the sea, hexapods prevail on land, in numbers and biomass. Altogether, the Hexapoda constitutes the most diverse group of animals – the estimated number of described species worldwide is just over 900,000, with the beetles (order Coleoptera) comprising more than a third of these. Today, the Hexapoda is considered to contain four classes – the Insecta, and the Protura, Collembola, and Diplura. The latter three classes were formerly allied with the insect orders Archaeognatha (jumping bristletails) and Thysanura (silverfish) as the insect subclass Apterygota (‘wingless’). The Apterygota is now regarded as an artificial assemblage (Bitsch & Bitsch 2000).
  • Hoplothrips Karnyi Distinguishing Features Both Sexes Either Fully Winged Or with Wings Shorter Than Thorax Width

    Hoplothrips Karnyi Distinguishing Features Both Sexes Either Fully Winged Or with Wings Shorter Than Thorax Width

    Hoplothrips karnyi Distinguishing features Both sexes either fully winged or with wings shorter than thorax width. Body and legs brown, tarsi and much of fore tibiae yellow, also hind tibiae sometimes yellow at base; antennal segment III mainly yellow, IV–VI variably yellow at base; fore wings weakly Pelta & tergite II shaded toward apex. Antennae 8-segmented; sense Female Antenna cones longer in winged than wingless individuals, segment III with 3 sense cones, IV with 4 sense cones; VIII constricted to base. Head longer than wide, slightly wider across cheeks than across eyes, cheeks without prominent tubercles, but with several small setae in wingless individuals; postocular setae long Male sternite VIII and pointed, wide apart; maxillary stylets retracted to eyes, close together medially. Pronotum without sculpture medially; with four pairs of slender pointed major setae, anteromarginal setae Male head, pronotum & fore legs small. Fore tarsal tooth small in winged but large in wingless individuals. Metanotum without sculpture medially. Fore wing parallel sided, with about 10 duplicated cilia. Abdominal tergites II–VII with two pairs of sigmoid wing-retaining setae, even in wingless individuals, marginal setae S1 long and pointed; tergite IX setae S1 pointed, almost as long as tube. Male varying in size, large males with fore femora swollen; tergite IX setae S2 short and stout; sternite VIII with transverse pore plate extending full width of sternite. Related species This species is not known from California, but is included here as one specimen has been seen from British Colombia. H. karnyi from North America is possibly the same species as the European H.
  • Terrestrial Arthropod Surveys on Pagan Island, Northern Marianas

    Terrestrial Arthropod Surveys on Pagan Island, Northern Marianas

    Terrestrial Arthropod Surveys on Pagan Island, Northern Marianas Neal L. Evenhuis, Lucius G. Eldredge, Keith T. Arakaki, Darcy Oishi, Janis N. Garcia & William P. Haines Pacific Biological Survey, Bishop Museum, Honolulu, Hawaii 96817 Final Report November 2010 Prepared for: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Pacific Islands Fish & Wildlife Office Honolulu, Hawaii Evenhuis et al. — Pagan Island Arthropod Survey 2 BISHOP MUSEUM The State Museum of Natural and Cultural History 1525 Bernice Street Honolulu, Hawai’i 96817–2704, USA Copyright© 2010 Bishop Museum All Rights Reserved Printed in the United States of America Contribution No. 2010-015 to the Pacific Biological Survey Evenhuis et al. — Pagan Island Arthropod Survey 3 TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive Summary ......................................................................................................... 5 Background ..................................................................................................................... 7 General History .............................................................................................................. 10 Previous Expeditions to Pagan Surveying Terrestrial Arthropods ................................ 12 Current Survey and List of Collecting Sites .................................................................. 18 Sampling Methods ......................................................................................................... 25 Survey Results ..............................................................................................................

  • Thysanoptera)

    A peer-reviewed open-access journal ZooKeys 786: 59–68 (2018)One generic synonym and one new species of Phlaeothripidae... 59 doi: 10.3897/zookeys.786.28332 RESEARCH ARTICLE http://zookeys.pensoft.net Launched to accelerate biodiversity research One generic synonym and one new species of Phlaeothripidae from India (Thysanoptera) Kaomud Tyagi1, Devkant Singha1,2, Goutam Kumar Saha2, Vikas Kumar1 1 Centre for DNA Taxonomy (CDT), Molecular Systematics Division, Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata, West Bengal, India 2 Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, West Bengal, India Corresponding author: Kaomud Tyagi ([email protected]) Academic editor: Laurence Mound | Received 12 July 2018 | Accepted 3 August 2018 | Published 25 September 2018 http://zoobank.org/BFDE9229-D4F5-4FCF-B9FD-59AF8C1FA826 Citation: Tyagi K, Singha D, Saha GK, Kumar V (2018) One generic synonym and one new species of Phlaeothripidae from India (Thysanoptera). ZooKeys 786: 59–68.https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.786.28332 Abstract Haplothrips shivendraii Tyagi & Kumar, sp. n. is described from Rajasthan state of India. The monobasic Austro-oriental genus Dyothrips Kudô is formally synonymised with Haplothrips. Keywords Dyothrips, Haplothrips, India, new species, synonym. Introduction The generaHaplothrips , Dyothrips, and Plicothrips belong to tribe Haplothripini in the subfamily Phlaeothripinae, family Phlaeothripidae (Mound and Minaei 2007, Minaei and Mound 2008). Haplothrips was erected by Amyot and Serville (1843) for the single species, Phloeothrips albipennis Burmeister, 1836. It is the second largest genus in the family Phlaeothripidae and comprises the two subgenera Haplothrips and Trybomiella. These are distinguished by the presence or absence of fore wing duplicated cilia, pre- sent in Haplothrips and absent in Trybomiella.