I Am You Synthese Library
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Daniel Dennett's Science of the Soul
Daniel Dennett’s Science of the Soul - The New Yorker 3/20/17, 9:38 AM P!FI"S MARCH 27, 2017 I#UE DANIEL DENNE$’S SCIENCE OF THE SOUL A philosopher’s lifelong quest to understand the making of the mind. By Joshua Rothman Daniel Dennett’s naturalistic account of consciousness draws some people in and puts others off. “There ain’t no magic here,” he says. “Just stage magic.” PHOTOGRAPH BY IRINA ROZOVSKY FOR THE NEW YORKER our billion years ago, Earth was a lifeless place. Nothing struggled, F thought, or wanted. Slowly, that changed. Seawater leached chemicals from rocks; near thermal vents, those chemicals jostled and combined. Some hit upon the trick of making copies of themselves that, in turn, made more copies. The replicating chains were caught in oily bubbles, which protected them and made replication easier; eventually, they began to venture out into the open sea. A new level of order had been achieved on Earth. Life had begun. The tree of life grew, its branches stretching toward complexity. Organisms developed systems, subsystems, and sub-subsystems, layered in ever-deepening regression. They used these systems to anticipate their future and to change it. When they looked within, some found that they had selves—constellations of memories, ideas, and purposes that emerged from the systems inside. They experienced being alive and had thoughts about that experience. They developed language and used it to know themselves; they began to ask how they had been made. This, to a !rst approximation, is the secular story of our creation. -
* Supplied by EMS Are the Best That Can Be Made from the Original
DOCUMENT RESUME ED 115 128 FL 007 330 AUTHOR Thogmartin, Clyde TITLE A Bibliography of Empirical Investigations of Certain Aspects of Foreign Language Teaching and Learning, 1925-1975. PUB DATE 75 NOTE 67p. EDRS PRICE MF-$0.76 HC-$3.32 Plus Postage DESCRIPTORS Academic Achievement; *Bibliographies; Bilingual Education; Bilingualism; Educational Equipment; *Educational Research; Error Patterns; Fles; Individual Differences; Instructional Materials; Instructional Media; Interference (Language Learning); *Language Instruction; Language Proficiency; *Language Research; Language Skills; Language Tests; Psycholinguistics; *Second Language Learning; Student Attitudes; Teaching Methods; Transfer of Training; Vocabulary Development ABSTRACT This 647-item bibliography is limited to reports on empirical research and discussions of research reports on various aspects of foreign language learning, mostly drawn from American and British journals and Ph.D. dissertations since 1925 and from ERIC documents. Principal topics include content of teaching materials, cognitive effects of bilingualism, measurement of bilingual proficiency, psychological studies of bilinguals, relationships between various language skills, the psycholinguistics of second language learning, transfer and interference, error analysis, vocabulary learning, bilingual education, foreign languages in the elementary schools, individual differences in language learning success, prognosis, teaching methods, equipment, media, testing, language difficulty, and effects of language learning -
A Naturalistic Perspective on Intentionality. Interview with Daniel Dennett
Mind & Society, 6, 2002, Vol. 3, pp. 1-12 2002, Rosenberg & Sellier, Fondazione Rosselli A naturalistic perspective on intentionality. Interview with Daniel Dennett by Marco Mirolli Marco Mirolli You describe yourself as a philosopher of mind and you reject the exhortations to get more involved in the abstract problems of ontology and of philosophy of science in general, even if the problems of the philosophy of mind and those of philosophy of science are deeply mutually dependent. I think this is an important issue because, while you say that your philosophy presupposes only the standard scientific ontology and epistemology 1, it seems to me that what you really presuppose is rather a Quinean view of ontology and epistemology, which is not so standard, even if it may well be the one we should accept. Daniel Dennett Well, maybe so, let's see. Certainly I have seen almost no reason to adopt any other ontology than Quine's; and when I look at the work in the phi- losophy of science and more particularly at the work in science, I do not find any ground yet for abandoning a Quinean view of ontology for something fancier. It could happen, but I haven't seen any reason for doing this; so if you want to say that I am vulnerable on this, that's really true. I have stated that I don't see any of the complexities of science or philosophy of mind raising ontological issues that are more sophisticated than those a Quinean ontology could handle; but I may be wrong. -
Psychology of School Learning: Views of the Learner
DOCUMENT RESUME ED 104 859 SP 009 097 AUTHOR Bart, William M., Ed.; Wong, Martin R., Ed. TITLE Psychology of School Learning: Views of the Learner. Volume I: Environmentalism. INSTITUTION MSS Information Ccrp., New York, N.Y. PUB DATE 74 'NOTE 249p. AVAILABLE FROM MSS Information 'orporation, 655 Madison Avenue, New York, New York 10021 ($6.25 paper, $12.00 cloth, 20 percent discount on orders of $200.00 or more) EDRS PRICE MF-$0.76 HC-$12.05 PLUS POSTAGE DESCRIPTORS Behavioral Objectives; Computer Assisted Instruction; Educational Philosophy; *Educational Psychology; *Environmental Influences; Higher Education; *Learning; *Learning Specialists; Reinforcement; Teacher Education ABSTRACT This document is the first of three volumes presenting essays from three schools of thought regarding learning. Volume one consists of readings from psychologists, philosophers, and learning theorists concerning the view that the learner isa product primarily of environmental factors. The list of essays includes the following:(a) "Ideas and Their Origin," (b) "The Free and Happy Student," (c) "The Technology of Teaching," (d) "Treatment of Nonreading in a Culturally Deprived Juvenile Delinquent: An Application of Reinforcement Principles," (e) "Production and Elimination of Disruptive Classroom Behavior by Systematically Varying Teacher's Behavior," (f) "Learning Theory Approaches to Classroom Management: Rationale and Intervention Techniques," (g) "A Token Reinforcement Program in a Public School: A Replication and Systematic Analysis," (h) "Educational -
Commemorative Meeting for Alfred Tarski Stanford University-November 7, 1983
Patrick Suppes received his Ph.D. in Philosophy in 1950 at Columbia Univer sity, where he worked with Ernest Nagel. He has been at Stanford since 1950 and is now Professor ofPhilosophy and Statistics. Suppes' main research inter ests include the philosophy of science, theory of measurement, decision theory and probability, and computer-assisted education. He is a member of the Na tional Academy of Sciences. Jon Barwise received his Ph.D. in Mathematics in 1967 at Stanford University, where he .worked with Solomon Feferman. After teaching at U.C.L.A., Yale, and Wisconsin, he returned to Stanford as Professor of Philosophy in 1983. Barwise's main research interests include mathematical logic, especially model theory, set theory, and generalized re cursion theory; and applications of logic to the semantics of natural language. At Stanford, Barwise has been Director of the Center for Study of Language and Information, and is currently chairman of the Program in Symbolic Sys tems. Solomon Feferman received his Ph.D. in Mathematics in 1957 at the University of California, Berkeley, where he studied with Alfred Tarski. He has been at Stanford since 1956, where he is Professor of Mathematics and Phi losophy. His research interests are in mathematical logic and the foundations of mathematics, especially proof theory and constructive and semiconstructive mathematics, as well as in the history of modern logic. Feferman is Editor-in Chief of the Collected Works of Kurt Godel; he is currently Chairman of the Department of Mathematics. Commemorative Meeting for Alfred Tarski Stanford University-November 7, 1983 PATRICK SUPPES, JON BARWISE, AND SOLOMON FEFERMAN, SPEAKERS INTRODUCTION The meeting was held in memory of Professor Alfred Tarski, who died at the age of 82 on October 28, 1983. -
Synthetic Philosophy
UvA-DARE (Digital Academic Repository) Synthetic Philosophy Schliesser, E. DOI 10.1007/s10539-019-9673-3 Publication date 2019 Document Version Final published version Published in Biology and Philosophy License CC BY Link to publication Citation for published version (APA): Schliesser, E. (2019). Synthetic Philosophy. Biology and Philosophy, 34(2), [19]. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10539-019-9673-3 General rights It is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), other than for strictly personal, individual use, unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). Disclaimer/Complaints regulations If you believe that digital publication of certain material infringes any of your rights or (privacy) interests, please let the Library know, stating your reasons. In case of a legitimate complaint, the Library will make the material inaccessible and/or remove it from the website. Please Ask the Library: https://uba.uva.nl/en/contact, or a letter to: Library of the University of Amsterdam, Secretariat, Singel 425, 1012 WP Amsterdam, The Netherlands. You will be contacted as soon as possible. UvA-DARE is a service provided by the library of the University of Amsterdam (https://dare.uva.nl) Download date:25 Sep 2021 Biology & Philosophy (2019) 34:19 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10539-019-9673-3 REVIEW ESSAY Synthetic philosophy Eric Schliesser1 Received: 4 November 2018 / Accepted: 11 February 2019 © The Author(s) 2019 Abstract In this essay, I discuss Dennett’s From Bacteria to Bach and Back: The Evolution of Minds (hereafter From Bacteria) and Godfrey Smith’s Other Minds: The Octopus and The Evolution of Intelligent Life (hereafter Other Minds) from a methodologi- cal perspective. -
DANIEL DENNETT and the SCIENCE of RELIGION Richard F
DANIEL DENNETT AND THE SCIENCE OF RELIGION Richard F. Green Department of Mathematics and Statistics University of Minnesota-Duluth Duluth, MN 55812 ABSTRACT Daniel Dennett (2006) recently published a book, “Breaking the Spell: Religion as a Natural Phenomenon,” which advocates the scientific study of religion. Dennett is a philosopher with wide-ranging interests including evolution and cognitive psychology. This talk is basically a review of Dennett’s religion book, but it will include comments about other work about religion, some mentioned by Dennett and some not. I will begin by describing my personal interest in religion and philosophy, including some recent reading. Then I will comment about the study of religion, including the scientific study of religion. Then I will describe some of Dennett’s ideas about religion. I will conclude by trying outlining the ideas that should be considered in order to understand religion. This talk is mostly about ideas, particularly religious beliefs, but not so much churches, creeds or religious practices. These other aspects of religion are important, and are the subject of study by a number of disciplines. I will mention some of the ways that people have studied religion, mainly to provide context for the particular ideas that I want to emphasize. I share Dennett’s reticence about defining religion. I will offer several definitions of religion, but religion is probably better defined by example than by attempting to specify its essence. A particular example of a religion is Christianity, even more particularly, Roman Catholicism. MOTIVATION My interest in philosophy and religion I. Beginnings I read a few books about religion and philosophy when I was in high school and imagined that college would be full of people arguing about religion and philosophy. -
New Atheism and the Scientistic Turn in the Atheism Movement MASSIMO PIGLIUCCI
bs_bs_banner MIDWEST STUDIES IN PHILOSOPHY Midwest Studies In Philosophy, XXXVII (2013) New Atheism and the Scientistic Turn in the Atheism Movement MASSIMO PIGLIUCCI I The so-called “New Atheism” is a relatively well-defined, very recent, still unfold- ing cultural phenomenon with import for public understanding of both science and philosophy.Arguably, the opening salvo of the New Atheists was The End of Faith by Sam Harris, published in 2004, followed in rapid succession by a number of other titles penned by Harris himself, Richard Dawkins, Daniel Dennett, Victor Stenger, and Christopher Hitchens.1 After this initial burst, which was triggered (according to Harris himself) by the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001, a number of other authors have been associated with the New Atheism, even though their contributions sometimes were in the form of newspapers and magazine articles or blog posts, perhaps most prominent among them evolutionary biologists and bloggers Jerry Coyne and P.Z. Myers. Still others have published and continue to publish books on atheism, some of which have had reasonable success, probably because of the interest generated by the first wave. This second wave, however, often includes authors that explicitly 1. Sam Harris, The End of Faith: Religion, Terror, and the Future of Reason (New York: W.W. Norton, 2004); Sam Harris, Letter to a Christian Nation (New York: Vintage, 2006); Richard Dawkins, The God Delusion (Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2006); Daniel C. Dennett, Breaking the Spell: Religion as a Natural Phenomenon (New York: Viking Press, 2006); Victor J. Stenger, God:The Failed Hypothesis: How Science Shows That God Does Not Exist (Amherst, NY: Prometheus, 2007); Christopher Hitchens, God Is Not Great: How Religion Poisons Everything (New York: Twelve Books, 2007). -
Words and Objections Essays on the Work of W.V
springer.com D. Davidson, Jaakko Hintikka (Eds.) Words and Objections Essays on the Work of W.V. Quine Series: Synthese Library It is gratifying to see that philosophers' continued interest in Words and Objections has been so strong as to motivate a paperback edition. This is gratifying because it vindicates the editors' belief in the permanent im• portance of Quine's philosophy and in the value of the papers com• menting on it which were collected in our volume. Apart from a couple of small corrections, only one change has been made. The list of Professor Quine's writings has been brought up to date. The editors cannot claim any credit for this improvement, however. We have not tried to imitate the Library of Living Philosophers volumes and to include Professor Quine's autobiography in this volume, but we are fortunate to publish here his brand-new auto bibliography. 1975 THE EDITORS TABLE OF CONTENTS V PREFACE 1 EDITORIAL INTRODUCTION 1. 1. C. SMAR T / Quine's Philosophy of Science 3 GILBERT HARMAN / An Introduction to 'Translation and Meaning', Chapter Two of Word and Object 14 ERIK STENIUS / Beginning with Ordinary Things 27 NOAM CHOMSKY / Quine's Empirical Assumptions 53 1969, VIII, 373 p. 1AAKKO HINTIKKA / Behavioral Criteria of Radical Translation 69 BARRY STROUD / Conventionalism and the Indeterminacy of Translation 82 P. F. STRA WSON / Singular Terms Printed book and Predication 97 118 H. P. GRICE / Vacuous Names P. T. Hardcover 219,99 € | £199.99 | $279.99 [1]235,39 € (D) | 241,99 € (A) | CHF 259,50 Softcover 154,99 € | £139.99 | $199.99 [1]165,84 € (D) | 170,49 € (A) | CHF 183,00 eBook 128,39 € | £111.50 | $149.00 [2]128,39 € (D) | 128,39 € (A) | CHF 146,00 Available from your library or springer.com/shop MyCopy [3] Printed eBook for just € | $ 24.99 springer.com/mycopy Order online at springer.com / or for the Americas call (toll free) 1-800-SPRINGER / or email us at: [email protected]. -
Annotated Bibliography of Jaakko Hintikka
Annotated Bibliography of Jaakko Hintikka 1953 Books (a) Distributive Normal Forms in the Calculus of Predicates, Acta Philosophica Fennica 6, (1953), 71 pp. By distributing quantifiers deeper and deeper into the formulas of a finite first- order language, with or without identity, at the same time as truth-functions are transformed into a propositional normal form, we obtain a simple normal form for such formulas. This refutes the conjecture of Hilbert and Bernays that “a simply characterizable normal form is not obtainable in this way in general.” The basic properties of these distributive normal forms are established, including a set of suf- ficient conditions of inconsistency. Papers (a) “A New Approach to Sentential Logic”, Societas Scientiarum Fennica, Com- mentationes Physico-Mathematicae 17, no. 3, (1953), 13 pp. 1954 Papers (a) “An Application of Logic to Algebra”, Mathematica Scandinavia 2, (1954), 243–246. 1955 Books (a) Two Papers on Symbolic Logic, Acta Philosophica Fennica 8, (1955), 115 pp. (Includes “Form and Content in Quantification Theory”, 11–55, and “Reductions in the Theory of Types”, 57–115.) First paper: For a finite first-order language, the concept of a model set (m.s.) of formulas is defined by means of certain simple closure and compatibility conditions. Intuitively, a m.s. is a partial description of a possible world. A set of formulas is accordingly consistent if it can be embedded in some m.s. A simple proof procedure is obtained by considering rules for an attempt to embed the negation of a sentence © Springer International Publishing AG 2018 557 H. van Ditmarsch and G. -
14 Patrick Suppes
14 Patrick Suppes Lucie Stern Professor of Philosophy, Emeritus Stanford University, USA 1. Why were you initially drawn to computational or in formational issues? I begin with some history. I am not sure just when I first thought about the use of computers for computation, but I do remember the late 1950s when Dick Atkinson and I were writing a book on applications of learning models and stimulus-response reinforce ment concepts to simple game situations. The book is full of ex tended computations supported by use of the I.B.M. 650 Com puter at Stanford, which was one of the very earliest made avail able to academic communities to have the possibility of going be yond the old days of computing with hand calculators. We say this in the preface of Suppes and Atkinson (1960): "Evan Linick has been indispensable in programming many problems for the I.B.M. 650 Computer at Stanford; we are also indebted to Richard Hill of the Western Data Processing Center for his cooperation." This brief acknowledgement is all we had to say about what was really a first, big-time, move into computing from my own standpoint. At that time, the only task was facilitating the many statistical estimates of parameters and the like for the models introduced in the book. It is important to realize how fundamental the change was in feasible applications of statistics with the introduction of digital computers in the 1950s. Even very simple formulations of linear-programming or linear-regression problems, that were prac tically unsolvable, could now be used to address all kinds of inter esting questions in theories of behavior and social interaction. -
The Oberlin Colloquium in Philosophy: Program History
The Oberlin Colloquium in Philosophy: Program History 1960 FIRST COLLOQUIUM Wilfrid Sellars, "On Looking at Something and Seeing it" Ronald Hepburn, "God and Ambiguity" Comments: Dennis O'Brien Kurt Baier, "Itching and Scratching" Comments: David Falk/Bruce Aune Annette Baier, "Motives" Comments: Jerome Schneewind 1961 SECOND COLLOQUIUM W.D. Falk, "Hegel, Hare and the Existential Malady" Richard Cartwright, "Propositions" Comments: Ruth Barcan Marcus D.A.T. Casking, "Avowals" Comments: Martin Lean Zeno Vendler, "Consequences, Effects and Results" Comments: William Dray/Sylvan Bromberger PUBLISHED: Analytical Philosophy, First Series, R.J. Butler (ed.), Oxford, Blackwell's, 1962. 1962 THIRD COLLOQUIUM C.J. Warnock, "Truth" Arthur Prior, "Some Exercises in Epistemic Logic" Newton Garver, "Criteria" Comments: Carl Ginet/Paul Ziff Hector-Neri Castenada, "The Private Language Argument" Comments: Vere Chappell/James Thomson John Searle, "Meaning and Speech Acts" Comments: Paul Benacerraf/Zeno Vendler PUBLISHED: Knowledge and Experience, C.D. Rollins (ed.), University of Pittsburgh Press, 1964. 1963 FOURTH COLLOQUIUM Michael Scriven, "Insanity" Frederick Will, "The Preferability of Probable Beliefs" Norman Malcolm, "Criteria" Comments: Peter Geach/George Pitcher Terrence Penelhum, "Pleasure and Falsity" Comments: William Kennick/Arnold Isenberg 1964 FIFTH COLLOQUIUM Stephen Korner, "Some Remarks on Deductivism" J.J.C. Smart, "Nonsense" Joel Feinberg, "Causing Voluntary Actions" Comments: Keith Donnellan/Keith Lehrer Nicholas Rescher, "Evaluative Metaphysics" Comments: Lewis W. Beck/Thomas E. Patton Herbert Hochberg, "Qualities" Comments: Richard Severens/J.M. Shorter PUBLISHED: Metaphysics and Explanation, W.H. Capitan and D.D. Merrill (eds.), University of Pittsburgh Press, 1966. 1965 SIXTH COLLOQUIUM Patrick Nowell-Smith, "Acts and Locutions" George Nakhnikian, "St. Anselm's Four Ontological Arguments" Hilary Putnam, "Psychological Predicates" Comments: Bruce Aune/U.T.