Theoretical Philosophy After 1781
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Ghost of Isaac Newton Vandalizes Rival's Wikipedia
HARVARD SATYRICAL PRESS ISSUE 17 - SPRING 2009 SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Ghost of Isaac Newton Vandalizes Rival’s Wikipedia Article THE INTERNETS — One of the greatest academic rivalries of Additional text edits made to both the English and Latin all time, long thought ended, has been reignited as the ghost Wikipedia articles on Leibniz by TrinityLad43 include: of British natural philosopher Sir Isaac Newton (1643-1727) has somehow gained access to the internet and made several 1. Replacing all mentions of the title of Leibniz’s book unfavorable edits to the Wikipedia entry of his German “Theodicy” with “The Idiocy”. contemporary Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz (1646-1716). 2. Adding “[citationem necitatae]” after almost every According to the Wikipedia archive dated 7 sentence related to Leibniz’s March, while they were alive, Newton and work on calculus. Leibniz disputed over scientific matters 3. Changing “List of Publications” to like whether Leibniz’s calculus was “List of Plagiarizations”. discovered independently of Newton’s, the meaning of the theory of universal 4. Replacing “mathematician” with gravitation, and the philosophical tenet “imbecilic wretch” and “philosopher” of hylozoism. According to the Wikipedia with “addle-pated bvffoon”. archive dated 16 March, their dispute centered largely around Leibniz’s body 5. Adding an entire section on lewd odor, his sexual impotence, and whether jokes about Leibniz’s mother, he would have been better described supposedly popular during the 1710s. as a “pompous horfe’s ass” or a “right pompous horfe’s ass”. TrinityLad43’s only other edits have involved augmenting the article The distinctive changes were not noticed “Isaac Newton in Popular Culture”, until after they had been copied and and adding details on the care and pasted into 2,783 high school physics grooming of Powdered Wigs, essays throughout the world. -
Noumenon and Phenomenon: Reading on Kant's
NOUMENON AND PHENOMENON: READING ON KANT’S PROLEGOMENA Oleh: Wan Suhaimi Wan Abdullah1 ABSTRAK Makalah ini membahaskan satu dari isu besar yang diperkatakan oleh Kant dalam epistemologi beliau iaitu isu berkaitan ‘benda-pada-dirinya’ (noumenon) dan ‘penzahiran benda’ (phenomenon). Kaitan antara kewujudan kedua-dua hakikat ini dari segi ontologi dan kedudukan kedua-duanya dalam pengetahuan manusia dari segi epistemologi dibincangkan berdasarkan perspektif Kant. Semua ini dikupas berdasarkan penelitian terhadap suatu teks oleh Kant dalam karya agung beliau Prolegomena to Any Future Metaphysics That Will be Able to Present Itself as a Science. Kant secara umumnya tidak menolak kewujudan noumenon walaupun beliau seakan mengakui bahawa pendekatan sains sekarang tidak mampu menanggapi hakikat noumenon tersebut. Huraian makalah ini membuktikan bahawa tidak semua hakikat mampu dicapai oleh sains moden. Keyakinan bahawa sains moden adalah satu-satunya jalan mencapai ilmu dan makrifah akan menghalang manusia dari mengetahui banyak rahsia kewujudan yang jauh dari ruang jangkauan sains. 1 Wan Suhaimi Wan Abdullah, PhD. is an associate professor at the Department of `Aqidah and Islamic Thought, Academy of Islamic Studies, University of Malaya. Email: [email protected]. The author would like to thank Dr. Edward Omar Moad from Dept. of Humanities, Qatar University who have read the earlier draft of this article and suggested a very useful remarks and comments some of which were quoted in this article. Jurnal Usuluddin, Bil 27 [2008] 25-40 ABSTRACT The article discusses one of the major issues dealt with by Kant in his epistemology, that is the issue related to the thing-in-itself (noumenon) and the appearance (phenomenon). -
History and Theory of Philosophy
FEDERAL STATE BUDGETARY EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION OF HIGHER EDUCATION "BASHKIR STATE MEDICAL UNIVERSITY" OF THE MINISTRY OF HEALTHCARE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION (FSBEI HE BSMU MOH Russia) HISTORY AND THEORY OF PHILOSOPHY Textbook Ufa 2020 1 UDC 1(09)(075.8) BBC 87.3я7 H90 Reviewers: Doctor of Philosophy, Professor, Head of the department «Social work» FSBEI HE «Bashkir State University» U.S. Vildanov Doctor of Philosophy, Professor at the Department of Philosophy and History FSBEIHE «Bashkir State Agricultural University» A.I. Stoletov History and theory of philosophy:textbook/ K.V. Khramova, H90 R.I. Devyatkina, Z.R. Sadikova, O.M. Ivanova, O.G. Afanasyeva, A.S. Zubairova-Valeeva, N.R. Mingazova, G.R. Davletshina — Ufa: Ufa: FSBEIHEBSMUMOHRussia, 2020. – 127 p. The manual was prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard of Higher Education in specialty 31.05.01 «General Medicine» the current curriculum and on the basis of the work program on the discipline of philosophy. The manual is focused on the competence-based learning model. It has an original, uniform for all classes structure, including the topic, a summary of the training questions, the subject of essays, training materials, test items with response standards, recommended literature. This manual covers topics related to the periods of development of world philosophy. Designed for students in the specialty 31.05.01 «General Medicine». It is recommended to be published by the Coordinating Scientific and Methodological Council and was approved by the decision of the Editorial and Publishing Council of the BSMU of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russia. -
Philosophy As a Path to Happiness
CORE Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk Provided by Helsingin yliopiston digitaalinen arkisto Philosophy as a Path to Happiness Attainment of Happiness in Arabic Peripatetic and Ismaili Philosophy Janne Mattila ACADEMIC DISSERTATION To be publicly discussed, by due permission of the Faculty of Arts at the University of Helsinki in auditorium XII, University main building, on the 13th of June, 2011 at 12 o’clock. ISBN 978-952-92-9077-2 (paperback) ISBN 978-952-10-7001-3 (PDF) http://ethesis.helsinki.fi/ Helsinki University Print Helsinki 2011 2 Abstract The aim of this study is to explore the idea of philosophy as a path to happiness in medieval Arabic philosophy. The starting point is in comparison of two distinct currents within Arabic philosophy between the 10th and early 11th centuries, Peripatetic philosophy, represented by al-Fārābī and Ibn Sīnā, and Ismaili philosophy represented by al-Kirmānī and the Brethren of Purity. These two distinct groups of sources initially offer two contrasting views about philosophy. The attitude of the Peripatetic philosophers is rationalistic and secular in spirit, whereas for the Ismailis philosophy represents the esoteric truth behind revelation. Still, the two currents of thought converge in their view that the ultimate purpose of philosophy lies in its ability to lead man towards happiness. Moreover, they share a common concept of happiness as a contemplative ideal of human perfection, merged together with the Neoplatonic goal of the soul’s reascent to the spiritual world. Finally, for both happiness refers primarily to an otherworldly state thereby becoming a philosophical interpretation of the Quranic accounts of the afterlife. -
Beauty As a Transcendental in the Thought of Joseph Ratzinger
The University of Notre Dame Australia ResearchOnline@ND Theses 2015 Beauty as a transcendental in the thought of Joseph Ratzinger John Jang University of Notre Dame Australia Follow this and additional works at: https://researchonline.nd.edu.au/theses Part of the Philosophy Commons COMMONWEALTH OF AUSTRALIA Copyright Regulations 1969 WARNING The material in this communication may be subject to copyright under the Act. Any further copying or communication of this material by you may be the subject of copyright protection under the Act. Do not remove this notice. Publication Details Jang, J. (2015). Beauty as a transcendental in the thought of Joseph Ratzinger (Master of Philosophy (School of Philosophy and Theology)). University of Notre Dame Australia. https://researchonline.nd.edu.au/theses/112 This dissertation/thesis is brought to you by ResearchOnline@ND. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses by an authorized administrator of ResearchOnline@ND. For more information, please contact [email protected]. School of Philosophy and Theology Sydney Beauty as a Transcendental in the Thought of Joseph Ratzinger Submitted by John Jang A thesis in partial fulfilment of the requirements of the degree of Master of Philosophy Supervised by Dr. Renée Köhler-Ryan July 2015 © John Jang 2015 Table of Contents Abstract v Declaration of Authorship vi Acknowledgements vii Introduction 1 Structure 3 Method 5 PART I - Metaphysical Beauty 7 1.1.1 The Integration of Philosophy and Theology 8 1.1.2 Ratzinger’s Response 11 1.2.1 Transcendental Participation 14 1.2.2 Transcendental Convertibility 18 1.2.3 Analogy of Being 25 PART II - Reason and Experience 28 2. -
As in Milan Kundera's the Unbearable Lightness of Being
Journal of Xi'an University of Architecture & Technology ISSN No : 1006-7930 Postmodernism and the Concept of Kitsch- As in Milan Kundera’s The Unbearable Lightness of Being Dr.Shanthichitra Associate Professor & Head, Dept. of English, College of Science and Humanities SRMIST, Chennai, India Abstract: The concept of Kitsch is one of the difficult concepts which has been so easily handles by Milan Kundera in his incredible work of art – The Unbearable Lightness of Being. Culturally accepted words and situations vs. the words which are labeled as grotesque points out that peculiar point which deviates the ordinary to sublimity. This paper studies that ordinary which is ignored in culture through Milan Kundera’s The Unbearable Lightness of Being. Keywords: Kitsch, Postmodernism, Phenomenology, Milan Kundera, Ideologies and Culture. When I came across the concept of Taipei modern Toilet diner, I was reminded of Milan Kundera’s Kitsch…This Modern Toilet diner is one of chain of themed eateries in Taiwan appealing to largely the youngsters of the city. This diner has greater relevance to the modern culture, culture in which youngsters call each other by bad words out of love…they have overcome all the grotesques!? Are they above all the human hurts?! Or is it an effort to deviate from kitsch?! Milan Kundera in his The Unbearable Lightness of Being talks about the concept of Kitsch. Kitsch is a German word that’s been adopted by a number of other languages, including English. It refers primarily to art that is overly sentimental or melodramatic, and so refers to aesthetics. What’s interesting is the way Kundera uses the concept in his novel, not to talk about art, but to talk about political ideology and about life. -
A Phenomenological Investigation of Lighting in Built Environments
Think About Thinking About Light: A Phenomenological Investigation of Lighting in Built Environments A Major Paper submitted to the Faculty of Environmental Studies in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master in Environmental Studies, York University, Ontario, Canada. Taylor Stone 210601706 July 26, 2011 Student Signature: _____________________________________ Supervisor Signature: __________________________________ (Peter Timmerman) Stone i Table of Contents Abstract ii Foreword iii Acknowledgements iv 1. Introduction: In Search of Light 1 Times Square at Night… Light as a Topic of Inquiry… Note on Paper Structure 2. Questioning Architecture: Ecological Design as a Qualitative Field of Inquiry 8 Environmentalism and Architecture… This is Not About Architecture 3. Phenomenology: Theoretical Framework 15 In Search of the Experiential Basis of Experiences… Architectural Phenomenology… Ecophenomenology… Questions of Scale 4. Finding the Light: Experiential and Interpretive Understandings 25 Seeing the Light… Some Thoughts on Light as Metaphor… Metaphors Buried but Not Forgotten… Seeing the Light, Almost 5. Dundas Square: Big City Lights 46 The City at Night… Light and Space, and Darkness… A Cosmos Unto Itself 6. The Terrence Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research: A World Without Windows 63 A World of Glass… Allan Gardens… Inside Out, Outside In 7. St. Gabriel’s Passionist Parish: In Light of Religious Experience 81 Light, Materialization, Colour… The Light of God in the Dark Ages… A New Religious Experience… Cathedral Church of St. James 8. Conclusion: Reflections 105 Summary and Concluding Remarks… Looking Back… Looking Forward… Coda: Still Searching Appendix 112 1) Research Method 2) Building Credits Works Cited 119 Stone ii Abstract This Major Paper is a phenomenological investigation of lighting in built environments. -
Hume's Chief Argument
Chapter 6 Hume’s Chief Argument Peter Millican I Skepticism, Empiricism, Naturalism, and Irreligion David Hume’s philosophy is complex and multifaceted, generating considerable debate over which themes within it should be seen as dominant. Historically, most of his crit- ics have viewed him as a negative skeptic who either deliberately sets out to show the weaknesses and contradictions in human reason,1 or else is driven to do so by follow- ing through the logical implications of his philosophical premises.2 Prominent among these premises is the concept-empiricist assumption inherited from Locke, which Hume expresses as his Copy Principle, that all ideas are derived from impressions (T 1.1.1.7/4; EU 2.5/19). But this is not in itself a skeptical principle, and some interpret- ers have seen it as providing the keystone of a more constructive philosophy.3 Another very prominent theme in Hume’s work is his “Attempt to introduce the experimental Method of Reasoning into Moral Subjects.” In accordance with this ambitious subtitle, the Treatise aspires to lay the groundwork of a science of human nature that can explain cognitive operations (such as factual belief and the apprehension of external objects) in terms of the association of ideas, enabling Hume to be seen as an associationist or early cognitive scientist.4 Although the associationism fades in his later works,5 Hume’s epis- temic-empiricist commitment to the “experimental” science of man remains a pervasive theme in virtually all of his philosophy, including the two Enquiries and Dissertation on the Passions, the essays on politics, economics, and aesthetics, and his various contribu- tions to the philosophy of religion. -
Object-Oriented Ontology: Closing the Gap Between Knowledge and Reality?
Object-Oriented Ontology: Closing The Gap Between Knowledge And Reality? Background and Outline Objectives Perception Immanuel Kant had famously distinguished The research seeks to engage critically with OOO. the noumenon (the thing-in-itself) from the Thereby it hopes to identify and close the gap be- phenomenon (what humans know or per- tween the knower and the known; between the knowl- ceive). Humans have no direct access to edge and reality. This will be contrasted with the ma- Reality the noumenon; epistemic access is only to terialistic school of Indian Philosophy (Charvaka). the phenomenon. Harman’s Object-Orient- ed Ontology (OOO) returns autonomy to the Research Questions noumenon. Harman prefers the word object, What is reality, really? which is to be understood in a wide sense, How does the view that humans are no more spe- that is anything that cannot be reduced to cial or important than the non-human objects we constituent parts or to effects on other things. perceive change the way we understand the world? OOO finds that the best access to objects, What are the philosophical underpinnings if objects while allowing objects to be themselves, is function independently of human subjectivity? through an aesthetic approach. He argues https://images.app.goo.gl/Sbpk3YrnRrdvaSGw8 that all objects must be given equal atten- Method https://images.app.goo.gl/PG75z6CEgUDWTKFT7 tion, whether they be human, non-human, Metaphysical Speculation, Speculative Ontology, natural, cultural, real or fictional. This phi- Analytical Ontology, Transcendental Metaphysics. losophy poses the problem of detecting the Analysis of Positions, Theories, from various philos- Supervisor: gap between knowledge and reality. -
WISDOM (Tlwma) and Pffllosophy (FALSAFA)
WISDOM (tLWMA) AND PfflLOSOPHY (FALSAFA) IN ISLAMIC THOUGHT (as a framework for inquiry) By: Mehmet ONAL This thcsis is submitted ror the Doctor of Philosophy at the University of Wales - Lampeter 1998 b"9tr In this study the following two hypothesisare researched: 1. "WisdotW' is the fundamental aspect of Islamic thought on which Islamic civilisation was established through Islamic law (,Sharfa), theology (Ldi-M), philosophy (falsafq) and mysticism (Surism). 2. "Due to the first hypothesis Islamic philosophy is not only a commentary on the Greek philosophy or a new form of Ncoplatonism but a native Islamic wisdom understandingon the form of theoretical study". The present thesis consists of ten chaptersdealing with the concept of practical wisdom (Pikmq) and theoretical wisdom (philosophy or falsafa). At the end there arc a gcncral conclusion,glossary and bibliography. In the introduction (Chapter One) the definition of wisdom and philosophy is establishedas a conceptualground for the above two hypothesis. In the following chapter (Chapter Two) I focused on the historical background of these two concepts by giving a brief history of ancient wisdom and Greek philosophy as sourcesof Islamic thought. In the following two chapters (Chapter Three and Four) I tried to bring out a possibledefinition of Islamic wisdom in the Qur'5n and Sunna on which Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh), theology (A-alim), philosophy (falsafq) and mysticism (Sufism) consistedof. As a result of the above conceptual approaching,I tried to reach a new definition for wisdom (PiLma) as a method that helps in the establishmentof a new Islamic way of life and civilisation for our life. -
Research in Practical Philosophy
Research in Practical Philosophy in Sweden: 1998 - 2008, appendix to Report of the International Panel for the Evaluationof Swedish Research in Philosophy to the Swedish Research Council Rabinowicz, Wlodek 2009 Link to publication Citation for published version (APA): Rabinowicz, W. (2009). Research in Practical Philosophy in Sweden: 1998 - 2008, appendix to Report of the International Panel for the Evaluationof Swedish Research in Philosophy to the Swedish Research Council. Swedish Research Council. Total number of authors: 1 General rights Unless other specific re-use rights are stated the following general rights apply: Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal Read more about Creative commons licenses: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/ Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. LUND UNIVERSITY PO Box 117 221 00 Lund +46 46-222 00 00 Wlodek Rabinowicz Research in Practical Philosophy in Sweden: 1998-2008 In this short summary, which is aimed to give a rough picture of the main lines of research in practical philosophy in Sweden during the last decade, I have decided to organize the presentation by universities rather than by particular research subjects. -
The Future of Practical Philosophy
The Future of Practical Philosophy James Stacey Taylor James Stacey Taylor is an Assistant Professor of philosophy at Louisiana State University, USA. He has published numerous articles on the theory of autonomy, ethics, and applied ethics. He is the editor of Personal Autonomy: New essays (Cambridge University Press, 2005), and the author of Stakes and Kidneys: Why markets in human body parts are morally imperative (Ashgate Press, 2005). ABSTRACT Over the last two decades the practice of applied philosophy has undergone resurgence. It is now common for philosophers to sit on ethics committees in hospitals, or to provide ethical advice to businesses, and many universities and colleges now offer courses in practical philosophy. Despite this, practical philosophy is subject to increasing criticism, with persons charging that (1) it is philosophically shallow, and (2) it has little to offer persons grappling with concrete ethical problems, either because (a) its techniques or too removed from such problems, or (b) because ethical theory is too abstract. In this paper I develop responses to these criticisms, and offer suggestions as to how practical philosophy should be developed. Over the last two decades the practice of applied philosophy has undergone resurgence. It is now common for philosophers to sit on ethics committees in hospitals, or to provide ethical advice to businesses. Many universities and colleges now offer courses in practical philosophy, ranging from courses in bioethics and business ethics to more innovative courses, such as philosophy as conversation. Such courses frequently prove popular. The popularity of practical philosophy is reflected in the demand for people who can teach practical philosophy (especially applied ethics), with this section of the academic job market in philosophy currently being especially strong.1 And it is not only the practice and teaching of practical philosophy that is currently flourishing.