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AZERBAIJAN MOTORWAY IMPROVEMENT and DEVELOPMENT Regional Environmental Review

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AZERBAIJAN MOTORWAY IMPROVEMENT and DEVELOPMENT Regional Environmental Review Public Disclosure Authorized SCOTT WILSON AZERBAIJAN MOTORWAY IMPROVEMENT AND DEVELOPMENT Regional Environmental Review April 2009 (revised June 2009) Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Prepared for: Azerbaijan Republic Ministry of Transport Public Disclosure Authorized AzerRoadService Version/ Prepared By Dated Reviewed By Dated Approved Dated Revision By Draft 01 N Venema 22/02/09 T Romanenko 23/02/09 L Porteus 24/02/09 Draft 02 E Policarpo 17/03/09 N Venema 17/03/09 L Porteus 19/03/09 T Romanenko 18/03/09 Final Draft T Romanenko 24/03/09 L Porteus 24/03/09 L Porteus 24/03/09 Final T Romanenko 20/04/09 L Porteus 20/04/09 L Porteus 20/04/09 N Venema AZERBAIJAN MOTORWAY IMPROVEMENT AND DEVELOPMENT: Regional Environment Review CONTENTS LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ............................................................................................................................. III LIST OF TABLES ................................................................................................................................................. V LIST OF FIGURES ............................................................................................................................................... V 1 INTRODUCTION.......................................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 BACKGROUND INFORMATION .................................................................................................................. 1 1.2 PURPOSE OF THE REGIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW .......................................................................... 5 2 PROJECT CONTEXT AND DESCRIPTION INCLUDING ALTERNATIVES .................................... 6 2.1 REGIONAL CONTEXT ............................................................................................................................... 6 2.1.1 General Environmental and Socio-Cultural Context ......................................................................... 6 2.1.2 Socio-Economic Development ............................................................................................................ 7 2.1.3 Transport Sector ................................................................................................................................. 9 2.1.4 Traffic Safety .................................................................................................................................... 10 2.2 PROPOSED OVERALL PROJECT ............................................................................................................... 11 2.2.1 Project Objectives............................................................................................................................. 11 2.2.2 Justification for the Project .............................................................................................................. 12 2.2.3 Project Scope .................................................................................................................................... 12 2.2.4 Description of Works ........................................................................................................................ 13 2.2.5 Comparison of Alternatives .............................................................................................................. 18 2.2.6 Potential Construction Materials Sources in Baku-Shamakhi-Yevlakh and Mingachevir Domain .. 19 2.3 IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS ...................................................................................................... 20 3 POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK ............................................................. 21 3.1 NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL LEGISLATION .......................................................................................... 21 3.1.1 National EIA Policy, Legal and Regulatory Framework .................................................................. 21 3.2 NATIONAL LAWS AND REGULATIONS ON LAND ACQUISITION AND RESETTLEMENT ............................. 26 3.2.1 Compensation Valuation Methods in Azerbaijan ............................................................................. 27 3.2.2 Entitlements ...................................................................................................................................... 28 3.2.3 Gap analysis ..................................................................................................................................... 29 3.3 LEGISLATION RELATING TO THE STATUS AND CONTROL OF THE ROAD RESERVES ............................... 30 3.4 OTHER NATIONAL ROAD SECTOR LAWS AND REGULATIONS ................................................................ 31 3.5 LEGISLATION ON MATTERS RELATED TO REFUGEES AND INTERNALLY DISPLACED PEOPLE ................. 33 3.6 INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK ................................................................................................................ 34 3.6.1 Environment ..................................................................................................................................... 34 3.6.2 Land Acquisition and Resettlement................................................................................................... 35 3.7 INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS ............................................................................................................ 36 3.8 WORLD BANK SAFEGUARD POLICIES .................................................................................................... 38 3.9 ROLE OF RER, EA&MF AND RPF IN ENSURING COMPLIANCE .............................................................. 41 4 ENVIRONMENTAL BASELINE – BAKU-SHAMAKHI ....................................................................... 42 4.1 INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................................................... 42 4.2 PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT ...................................................................................................................... 42 4.2.1 Geology, Topography and Soils ....................................................................................................... 42 4.2.2 Climate and Air ................................................................................................................................ 44 4.2.3 Surface and Groundwater................................................................................................................. 44 4.2.4 Noise ................................................................................................................................................. 45 4.2.5 Natural Hazards ............................................................................................................................... 45 67 4.3 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT ............................................................................................................... 46 4.3.1 Flora ................................................................................................................................................. 46 4.3.2 Fauna ................................................................................................................................................ 48 4.3.3 Protected Areas and Other Significant Natural Sites ....................................................................... 51 4.4 SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND CULTURAL ENVIRONMENT ............................................................................... 53 4.4.1 General Information ......................................................................................................................... 53 4.4.2 Community Structure ........................................................................................................................ 54 4.4.3 Land Use and Sources of Income ..................................................................................................... 55 4.4.4 Land Ownership ............................................................................................................................... 56 Scott Wilson i April 2009 AZERBAIJAN MOTORWAY IMPROVEMENT AND DEVELOPMENT: Regional Environment Review 4.4.5 Cultural Heritage ............................................................................................................................. 57 5 ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT OF THE BAKU-TO-SHAMAKHI ROAD ................................ 58 5.1 INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................................................... 58 5.2 PHYSICAL AND ECOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT......................................................................................... 60 5.2.1 ‘Without Project’ scenario ............................................................................................................... 60 5.2.2 Widening scenario ............................................................................................................................ 61 5.2.3 Impact Mitigation ............................................................................................................................. 61 5.3 SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND CULTURAL ENVIRONMENT ............................................................................... 64 5.3.1 ‘Without Project’ scenario ............................................................................................................... 64 5.3.2 Widening
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