APPENDIX a Figures & Tables

APPENDIX A Figures & Tables

Figure 1. Partial Cloverleaf (PARCLO) Exit Ramp, Do Not Enter, and Wrong Way Signing

A-2

Table 1. Major and Minor Reference Hubs for Freeways

ROUTE NO. MAJOR HUB(S) MINOR HUB(S)

Ft. Wayne, IN, Lansing, Flint, Angola, IN, Coldwater, Marshall, I-69 Port Huron Charlotte, Lapeer, Imlay City Monroe, Pontiac, Bay City, Toledo, OH, Detroit, Flint, I-75 West Branch, Grayling, Gaylord, Saginaw, Sault Ste. Marie Mackinaw City, St. Ignace New Buffalo, Benton Harbor, Paw Paw, Kalamazoo, I-94 Chicago, IL, Detroit, Port Huron Battle Creek, Marshall, Jackson, Ann Arbor Muskegon, Grand Rapids, I-96 Howell, Brighton Lansing, Detroit I-194 Battle Creek ---- Chicago, IL, Holland, I-196 Benton Harbor Grand Rapids I-275 Toledo, OH, Flint ---- I-475 Flint ---- I-675 Saginaw ---- Roseville, St. Clair Shores, Novi, I-696 Lansing, Port Huron Farmington Hills US-10 Midland, Bay City, Clare Ludington US-23 Toledo, OH, Flint Ann Arbor, Brighton Niles, Holland, Grand Haven, South Bend, IN, Muskegon, US-31 Ludington, Manistee, Charlevoix, Traverse City Petoskey, Mackinac City Bryan, OH, Mason, St. Johns, US-127 Jackson, Lansing, Clare Ithaca, Mt. Pleasant, Harrison, Grayling Three Rivers, Kalamazoo, US-131 Grand Rapids, Cadillac Big Rapids, Petoskey M-6 Holland, Lansing ---- M-14 Ann Arbor, Livonia Detroit M-53 Detroit Imlay City, Bad Axe, Port Austin M-59 Pontiac Utica, Mt. Clemens, Howell

A-3

Table 2. Major and Minor Reference Hubs for Non-Freeways

ROUTE NO. MAJOR HUB(S) MINOR HUB(S)

US-2 Ironwood, Escanaba, St. Ignace Iron Mountain, Manistique Niles, Sturgis, Coldwater, US-12 New Buffalo, Detroit Ypsilanti Tawas City, Rogers City, US-23 Standish, Alpena, Mackinaw City Cheboygan US-24 Toledo, OH Monroe, Pontiac Menominee, Escanaba, , Houghton, US-41 Baraga Marquette Copper Harbor M-15 Bay City Clarkston, Davison M-18 Beaverton US-10, Gladwin, Roscommon New Haven, Yale, Sandusky, M-19 ---- Bad Axe US-31, White Cloud, Big Rapids, M-20 ---- Mt. Pleasant, Midland Grand Rapids, Flint, St. Johns, M-21 Owosso Ionia M-24 Pontiac Lapeer, Caro M-25 Port Huron, Bay City Port Austin Ironwood, Marquette, M-28 Munising, Newberry Sault Ste. Marie M-30 ---- US-10, M-61, West Branch M-32 Charlevoix, Alpena East Jordan, Gaylord I-75, Rose City, Moi, Atlanta, M-33 ---- Onaway, Cheboygan Menominee, Escanaba, M-35 ---- Marquette Battle Creek, Grand Rapids, Hastings, Newaygo, White Cloud, M-37 Traverse City Baldwin M-43 Kalamazoo, Lansing South Haven, Hastings, I-96 M-45 Allendale ---- M-46 Saginaw (Off US-131) ---- M-48 ---- Rudyard, Pickford M-50 Grand Rapids Charlotte, Jackson, Monroe M-52 Saginaw Adrian, I-96, Owosso Manistee, Cadillac, West Branch, M-55 ---- Tawas City

A-4

ROUTE NO. MAJOR HUB(S) MINOR HUB(S)

M-57 ---- US-131, Greenville, Chesaning M-60 ---- Niles, Three Rivers, Jackson M-61 ---- M-115, Harrison, Standish M-65 ---- US-23, M-32, Rogers City M-66 Battle Creek Sturgis, Ionia, US-10, Charlevoix M-72 Traverse City Grayling, Harrisville M-77 ---- Grand Marais, Seney, Germfask M-79 ---- Hastings, Charlotte M-80 ---- Kincheloe M-94 ---- Manstique, Munising, US-41 M-117 ---- Engadine M-123 Newberry Moran, Paradise, Trout Lake M-129 Sault Ste. Marie Cedarville M-134 ---- Detour Village, Cedarville M-185 ---- Mackinac Island M-221 ---- Brimley

A-5

Figure 2. Typical Interchange Crossroad Signing for Major One Lane Approach

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Figure 3. Typical Interchange Crossroad Signing for Major Multi-Lane Approach

* Place in median if median width and field conditions allow; Otherwise, place on right side of roadway.

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Figure 4. Typical Interchange Crossroad Signing for Major Multi-Lane Partial Cloverleaf (PARCLO) Approach

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Figure 5. Typical Interchange Crossroad Signing for Major Multi-Lane Cloverleaf Approach

A-9

Retroreflective Sign Sheeting Material Guidelines

Table 3. Sign Type and Corresponding Material Type

SIGN CATEGORY MATERIAL TYPE

Yellow Warning Signs W Series (Non-School Related), E13-1, E13-2, E11-1, OM-1, ASTM Type IX OM-2, and OM-3 Fluorescent Yellow

School Signs S1-1, S4-3, S4-5, S4-5a, and S5-1 ASTM Type IX W16-7P, W16-9P, W16-2P, and W16-2aP when used in Fluorescent Yellow-Green conjunction with school signs

Freeway Guide Signs (Includes M8 Series)

White Legends, Borders, and Arrows ASTM Type XI White

Background ASTM Type IV Green, Brown, or Blue

Non-Freeway Guide Signs ASTM Type IV Regulatory Signs ASTM Type IV Route Markers ASTM Type IX

A-10 Sign Panel and Sign Face Guide

Table 4. Sign Panel Type and Corresponding Material Type

SIGN PANEL TYPE MATERIAL TYPE I Aluminum Extruded Sections II Plywood III Aluminum Sheet ( 0.080”) IV Aluminum Sheet Overlay ( 0.040”) V Aluminum Sheet ( 0.125”)

Table 5. Sign Face Type and Corresponding Reflectivity

SIGN FACE TYPE BACKGROUND LEGEND A Reflectorized Reflectorized B Reflectorized Non-Reflectorized C Non-Reflectorized Reflectorized

NOTE:

Signs 36 inches x 36 inches or smaller shall be nominal 0.080 inch aluminum sheet (Type III). Signs 48 inches x 24 inches in size may be plywood (Type II).

Signs larger than 36 inches x 36 inches and up to and including 120 inches x 48 inches shall be plywood (Type II).

Signs wider than 120 inches or higher than 48 inches shall be aluminum extrusion (Type I) sign panels.

All 48 inches x 48 inches signs shall be nominal 0.125 inch aluminum sheet (Type V).

For sign overlays, use nominal 0.040 inch aluminum sheet (Type IV).

Rounding of corners is not required for plywood (Type II) or aluminum extrusion (Type I) signs panels.

Flexible roll-up signs may be used in accordance to the Standard Specifications for Construction.

A-11

Table 6. Freeway Clearview Letter Sizes 1. Advance Guide and Exit Direction (White legend on Green background) Freeway 16"/12" 5-W Expressway 13.33"/10" 5-W

2. Supplemental Navigational (White legend on Green background) Freeway 13.33"/10" 5-W

3. Emergency Service (White legend on Blue background) Hospital • Ramp Service Signs (E11-15) 5" 2-W • Advance Service Signs (D9-18) 10” 3-W and/or 24” Symbol Law Enforcement • Ramp Service Signs (E11-15) 5” 2-W • Advance Police-Sheriff Signs (E11-2) 8”/6” 5-W

4. Motorist Services (White legend on Blue background) Gas, Food, Lodging Camping • Ramp Service Signs (E11-15) 5” 2-W • Advance Service Signs (D9-18) 10" 3-W and/or 24" Symbol

5. Public Transportation (White legend on Green background) Airports • Ramp Service Signs (E11-15) 5” 2-W • Advance Airport Signs (E3-1 (1.4)) 8"/6” 5-W • Advance Int’l Airport Signs (E3-1 (1.6)) 13.33”/10” 5-W Train and Bus Stations • Ramp Service Signs (E11-15) 5” 2-W • Advance Train-Bus Signs (E3-1 (1.5)) 8"/6" 5-W

6. Traffic Generator Universities and Colleges (E3-1 (1.8), Wh/Gr) 8"/6" 5-W Parks and Recreational Areas (E3-1, Wh/Br) 8"/6" 5-W Arenas, Fairgrounds, Stadiums (E3-1 (1.7), Wh/Gr) 8"/6" 5-W

7. General Information (White legend on Green background) County, City, Township Boundary (E11-5, E11-6) 8"/6" 5-W Rivers and Lakes (E11-7, E11-8) 8"/6" 5-W Street Name (E11-3) 8"/6" 5-W

A-12

Table 7. Non-Freeway Clearview Letter Sizes 1. Navigational Guide Signs (White legend on Green background) 55 mph to 40 mph, posted 7" 3-W 35 mph or less, posted 5" 3-W

2. Emergency Service (White legend on Blue background) Hospital Symbol Law Enforcement (I10-2, I10-3, I10-4) 5" 2-W

3. Motorist Services (White legend on Blue background) Gas, Food, Lodging Camping Symbol

4. Public Transportation (White legend on Green background) Airports (I12-1, I12-2, I12-3) 5” 2-W or Symbol Train and Bus Stations (I12-1, I12-2, I12-3) 5" 2-W or Symbol

5. Traffic Generator Universities and Colleges (I12-1, I12-2, I12-3) 5" 2-W Parks and Recreational Areas • 55 mph to 40 mph, posted (D7-1, D7-2) 6" 3-W or Symbol • 35 mph or less, posted (D7-1) 4” 3-W or Symbol Arenas, Fairgrounds, Stadiums(I12-1, -2, -3) 5" 2-W

6. General Information (White legend on Green background) County and Township Boundary (I2-2) 4" 2-W City and Village Boundary (I2-3) 7" 3-W Rivers and Lakes (I13-1, I13-2) 4" 2-W Street Name (D3-2) • 55 mph to 40 mph, posted 7" 3-W • 35 mph or less, posted 5” 3-W

Deviation from these freeway standard letter sizes may be required. Refer to the Michigan Standard Highway Signs book for the appropriate layout letter size for guide signs. Below is the Clearview font conversion from the SHS Standard Alphabet:

SHS Standard Alphabet Clearview "W" series Series B Clearview 1-W Series C Clearview 2-W Series D Clearview 3-W Series E Clearview 4-W Series E-Modified Clearview 5-W and Clearview 5-W-R * Series F Clearview 6-W * Clearview 5-W-R has tighter letter space than 5-W and is designed for replacement of overhead guide signs when the 5-W legend is too wide for the specific application.

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Process for Invoicing and Reimbursement

This process allows the Department to invoice and receive payment for a sign installation from an outside party. Signs covered under the following must be unplanned sign installations. They must be in the same fiscal year, they cannot carry over.

1. Prepare the estimate for fabrication and installation (all costs, including fringes, shipping, etc.). Do not fabricate or install the sign at this point. Also, do not accept payment from the outside party.

2. Send to Region financial analyst. They will work with Finance to create an invoice. Financial analyst, please refer to Guidance Document 10153. A memo with a completed TWA form (form 1515) is sufficient. Finance will invoice the party requesting the sign.

3. When the payment is received by Finance they will add the money to the coding that you provided them with on the TWA form (probably region maintenance coding).

4. Once you are contacted by Region Finance, you may fabricate and install the sign and charge to the same coding that was originally submitted. Do not fabricate or install before the funds are added to the designated account.

A-14 Bridge Sign Connection Cheat Sheet

Pay Item Description Standard Width Height Angle # of Columns Comments Connection Surface A-15 8100020 Bridge Sign Connection, Bolt Replacement 8100031 Bridge Sign Connection, Conc, Type A1 800-A 6 - 12 0 - 2.5 0 - 40 n/a Deck Fascia 8100032 Bridge Sign Connection, Conc, Type A2 800-A 6 - 12 0 - 2.5 0 - 40 n/a T-Beams or Conc Barriers 8100033 Bridge Sign Connection, Conc, Type C 810-A 0 - 22 0 - 20 0 - 40 2 Columns Prestressed Conc I-beam 8100034 Bridge Sign Connection, Conc, Type D 810-A 0 - 40 0 - 20 0 - 40 3 Columns Prestressed Conc I-beam 8100035 Bridge Sign Connection, Conc, Type E 810-A 0 - 40 0 - 20 0 - 40 4 Columns Prestressed Conc I-beam 8100037 Bridge Sign Connection, Conc, Type K 850-A 0 - 22 0 - 20 0 - 40 2 Columns Area<190 Conc T-beam 8100038 Bridge Sign Connection, Conc, Type L 850-A 0 - 40 0 - 20 0 - 40 3 Columns Area<300 Conc T-beam 8100039 Bridge Sign Connection, Conc, Type M 850-A 0 - 40 0 - 20 0 - 40 4 Columns Area<370 Conc T-beam 8100040 Bridge Sign Connection, Conc, Type O 870-A 0 - 22 0 - 10 0 - 40 2 Columns Area<200 Prestressed I-beam 8100041 Bridge Sign Connection, Conc, Type P 870-A 0 - 40 0 - 10 0 - 40 3 Columns Area<300 Prestressed I-beam 8100042 Bridge Sign Connection, Conc, Type Q 870-A 0 - 40 0 - 10 0 - 40 4 Columns Area<380 Prestressed I-beam

Concrete Surface 8100043 Bridge Sign Connection, Conc, Type R 880-A 0 - 22 0 - 10 0 - 40 2 Columns Area<200 side by side box beam 8100044 Bridge Sign Connection, Conc, Type S 880-A 0 - 40 0 - 10 0 - 40 3 Columns Area<340 side by side box beam 8100045 Bridge Sign Connection, Conc, Type T 880-A 0 - 40 0 - 10 0 - 40 4 Columns Area<380 side by side box beam 8100046 Bridge Sign Connection, Conc, Type U 890-A 0 - 22 0 - 10 0 - 40 2 Columns Area<200 spead box beam 8100047 Bridge Sign Connection, Conc, Type V 890-A 0 - 40 0 - 10 0 - 40 3 Columns Area<300 spead box beam 8100048 Bridge Sign Connection, Conc, Type W 890-A 0 - 40 0 - 10 0 - 40 4 Columns Area<380 spead box beam 8100061 Bridge Sign Connection, Steel, Type B 800-A 6 - 12 0 - 2.5 0 n/a 8100062 Bridge Sign Connection, Steel, Type C (old type) 821-A 0 - 22 0 - 20 0 2 Columns 4 bolts on top 8100063 Bridge Sign Connection, Steel, Type D (old type) 821-A 0 - 40 0 - 20 0 3 Columns 4 bolts on top 8100062 Bridge Sign Connection, Steel, Type C (old type) 898-A 0 - 22 0 - 20 0 2 Columns 6 bolts on top 8100063 Bridge Sign Connection, Steel, Type D (old type) 898-A 0 - 40 0 - 20 0 3 Columns 6 bolts on top 8100064 Bridge Sign Connection, Steel, Type E (old type) 831-A 0 - 22 0 - 20 5 - 40 2 Columns 4 bolts on top 8100065 Bridge Sign Connection, Steel, Type F (old type) 831-A 0 - 40 0 - 20 5 - 40 3 Columns 4 bolts on top 8100064 Bridge Sign Connection, Steel, Type E (old type) 899-A 0 - 22 0 - 20 5 - 40 2 Columns 6 bolts on top 8100065 Bridge Sign Connection, Steel, Type F (old type) 899-A 0 - 40 0 - 20 5 - 40 3 Columns 6 bolts on top

Steel Surface 12SP810(H) Bridge Sign Connection, Steel, Modified, Type F 820-A 0 - 22 0 - 20 0 - 40 2 Columns New Type F Web less then 36" 8100326 Bridge Sign Connection, Steel, Type G 820-A 0 - 40 0 - 20 0 - 40 3 Columns Web less then 36" 8100327 Bridge Sign Connection, Steel, Type H 830-A 0 - 22 0 - 20 0 - 40 2 Columns Web greater then 36" 8100328 Bridge Sign Connection, Steel, Type I 830-A 0 - 40 0 - 20 0 - 40 3 Columns Web greater then 36" 8100329 Bridge Sign Connection, Steel, Type J 830-A 0 - 40 0 - 20 0 - 40 4 Columns Web greater then 36" 8100015 Bridge Sign Connection, Type A, Rem n/a 8100016 Bridge Sign Connection, Type B, Rem n/a Steel web connection 8100017 Bridge Sign Connection, Type C, Rem 0 2 Columns 8100018 Bridge Sign Connection, Type D, Rem 0 3 Columns 8100019 Bridge Sign Connection, Type E, Rem 5 to 40 2 Columns Removals 8100020 Bridge Sign Connection, Type F, Rem 5 to 40 3 Columns 4 columns Pay for with 2 Type C or Type E Removals APPENDIX B Sign Layouts

Appendix B - Combining Traffic Signs

1. STOP (R1-1) – Street name, ONE-WAY, turn prohibition, ALL WAY, divided highway crossing, DO NOT ENTER, and CROSS TRAFFIC DOES NOT STOP signs.

2. YIELD (R1-2) – Same as No. 1 except for last listing, R1-2a

3. SPEED LIMIT (R2-1, 2, 4, 4a, 4b) – Parking control signs, S5-2

4. TURN PROHIBITION (R3-1, 2, 3) – Street name, ONE-WAY, STOP, and YIELD signs

5. U-TURN PROHIBITION (R3-4, 18) – Parking control signs

6. LANE-USE CONTROL – Parking control signs only on R3-7s and 8s

7. TWO WAY LEFT TURN ONLY (R3-9a, 9b, and 9c) – Parking control signs only on R3- 9b and 9c.

8. PREFERENTIAL LANE (R3-10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15) – Parking control signs except for R3-14 and R3-15

9. DO NOT PASS (R4-1) – Parking control signs

10. PASS WITH CARE (R4-2) – Parking control signs

11. SLOWER TRAFFIC KEEP RIGHT (R4-3) – Parking control signs

12. COMPLETE LEFT TURN WHEN TRAFFIC CLEARS (R3-30) – No U Turn sign

13. TURN RIGHT (LEFT) ONLY (R3-31, 31a) – Street name, ONE-WAY, STOP, and YIELD signs

14. LEFT TURN LANE (overhead) (R3-32) – None

15. SIGNAL MOVEMENT IDENTIFICATION CASE SIGN (R3-33, 33a, 33b) – None

16. TRUCKS USE RIGHT LANE (R4-5) – Parking control signs

17. TRUCK LANE _ FEET (R4-6) – Parking control signs

18. KEEP RIGHT (LEFT) (R4-7, 7a, 7b, 7c, 8, 8a, 8b, 8c, 9a) – None

19. DO NOT ENTER (R5-1) – WRONG WAY sign

B-2

20. WRONG WAY (R5-1a) – DO NOT ENTER sign

21. SELECTIVE EXCLUSION (R5-2 through R5-16) – Can be combined with most any guide sign (Exceptions: R5-15 and 16 are special purpose signs for freeways and should not be combined with other signs.)

22. ONE WAY (R6-1, 2) – Street name, turn prohibition, STOP, and YIELD signs

23. DIVIDED HIGHWAY CROSSING (R6-3, 3a) – STOP and YIELD signs

24. PARKING (R7, R8) – Can be combined with most any other sign except for STOP and YIELD signs, or as otherwise noted in these guidelines.

25. PEDESTRIAN (R9) – Same as No. 24

26. a. TRAFFIC SIGNAL (R10-1, 2, 3, 4) – Can be combined with any other sign near traffic signal

b. TRAFFIC SIGNAL (R10-5, 6, 6a, 6b, 7, 8, 10, 11, 11a, 11b, 12, 13) – None

27. KEEP OFF MEDIAN (R11) – None

28. ROAD CLOSED (R11-2, 3a, 3b, 4) – None

29. WEIGHT LIMIT (R12-1, 2, 3, 4, 5) – Parking control signs

30. WEIGHT LIMIT (R12-8) – Parking control and most any guide sign

31. TRUCK ROUTE (R14-1) – Parking control and most any guide sign

32. TURN & CURVE (W1-1, 1a, 2, 2a, 3, 4, 5, 10, 11, 13, 15) – Parking control signs and advisory speed (when applicable)

33. LARGE ARROW (W1-6, 7) – Route marker directional assembly

34. CHEVRON (W1-8) – None

35. CROSS ROAD etc. (W2-1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) – Yellow road name and parking control signs.

36. STOP, YIELD, SIGNAL AHEAD (W3-1, 2, 3) – Parking control signs

37. MERGE (W4-1, W4-3, W4-5, W4-6) – None

B-3 38. PAVEMENT WIDTH TRANSITION (W9-1, 2) – Parking control signs

39. PAVEMENT WIDTH TRANSITION (W4-2) – Parking control signs

40. ROAD NARROWS (W5-1) – Parking control signs

41. NARROW BRIDGE (W5-2,) – Parking control signs

42. ONE LANE BRIDGE (W5-3) – Parking control signs

43. DIVIDED HIGHWAY (W6-1, 1a, 1b, 2, 2a) – Parking control signs

44. FREEWAY ENDS (Roadside) (W6-4) – None

45. HILL (W7-1, 1a, 1b) – None, except supplemental plaques W7-2, W7-2a, W7-2b, W7-3, 3a, and 3b

46. RUNAWAY TRUCK RAMP - (W7-4, W7-4a) - W7-4d, W7-4e, and W7-4f

47. BUMP-DIP (W8-1, 2) – None, except advisory speed

48. PAVEMENT ENDS (W8-3) – Parking control signs

49. SOFT SHOULDER (W8-4) – None

50. SLIPPERY WHEN WET (W8-5) – None

51. VEHICULAR TRAFFIC SIGNS – Supplemental plaques (W16-1, 2, 2a, 3, 3a, 4, 9p, W7- 3a)

52. NONVEHICULAR SIGNS – Supplemental plaques (W16-2, 2a, 3, 3a, 4, W7-3a) When used at crossing, shall use W16-7p.

53. DOUBLE ARROW (W12-1) – Object marker

54. CLEARANCE (W12-2, 3, 3a) – Parking control signs except for W12-3 and 3a signs

55. ADVISORY SPEED – Turn, curve, and other selected warning signs

56. ADVISORY EXIT (RAMP) SPEED (W13-2, 2a, 2b, 3, 3a, 3b, 5) – None

57. DEAD END (W14-1, 2) – End of roadway marker or parking control signs when Dead End signs are used in advance of end of road

B-4 58. NO PASSING ZONE (Pennant) (W14-3) – None (Signs may be placed on the back of this sign for opposite direction traffic if it does not change the pennant shape.)

N/A 60. PLAYGROUND (W15-1) – Parking control signs

61. INTERSTATE ROUTE MARKER (M1-1) – Parking control signs when used as a confirmatory sign on free access; cardinal direction and route marker arrow, as appropriate

62. OFF-INTERSTATE BUSINESS ROUTE MARKER (M1-2, 3) – Same as No. 61

63. US, COUNTY, MICHIGAN & FOREST ROUTE MARKERS (M1-4, 5, 6, and 7) – Same as No. 62

64. AUXILIARY PANELS (M-1, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7) – Combine with route markers as appropriate

65. DESTINATION and DISTANCE (D1, 2) – Parking control signs (Route markers may also be integrated with direction signs when placed overhead or at the roadside if space is available for larger sign layouts)

66. STREET NAME (D3-1, 2, 2a) -- D3-1 – STOP and YIELD signs D3-2 – Parking control signs D3-2a – Intersection warning signs

67. PARKING (symbol) (D4-1) – Can be combined with most other signs except for STOP and YIELD signs, or as otherwise noted in these guidelines.

68. PARK & RIDE (D4-2) – Parking control signs

69. REST AREA and SCENIC AREA (D5, 6) – Can be combined with most any other sign except STOP and YIELD. On freeway signs – none

70. RECREATIONAL and CULTURAL INTEREST (D7-1, 2) – Same as No. 69

71. WEIGH STATION (D8) – None

72. GENERAL SERVICE and AUXILIARY (D9) – Can be combined with other guide signs if the amount of legend is not too great

73. MILEPOSTS (D10-1, 2, 3, 4, 5) – None

B-5 74. SNOWMOBILE and AUXILIARY PANELS (D11-2) – Can be combined with other guide signs if the amount of legend is not too great.

75. GENERAL INFORMATION (I2 through I10) – Ordinarily, these signs may be combined with any other sign except STOP and YIELD, providing the amount of legend does not interfere with a clear understanding of all signs in the same installation. [The River Name (I3-1) sign can often be combined with the Object Marker (OM-3) sign.]

76. FREEWAY – Freeway signs should not be combined except where the signs are designed to supplement each other.

77. CONSTRUCTION – The combining of signs in construction areas should follow the same general guidelines as set forth for signs previously described

78. SCHOOL – (S1-1) – For advance warning, shall use W16-2, 2a, or 9p. At crossing shall use W16-7p.

79. SCHOOL SPEED (R2-1 and S4) – None, except as specified in Part 7 of the MMUTCD

80. R.R. CROSSING (R15-1, 2) – None except as specified in Part 8 and 10 of the MMUTCD

81. R.R. ADVANCE WARNING (W10-1) – R4-1 (if appropriate), W10-1a (if appropriate), parking control signs, and W16-10 (if appropriate).

82. DO NOT STOP ON TRACKS (R8-8) – None

83. BICYCLE SIGNS – The same general principles of sign combinations as outlined for motor vehicle operators can be applied to signing for bicyclists.

B-6 RIGHT LANE MUST TURN RIGHT R3-7R

RIGHT LANE MUST RIGHT LANE TURN RIGHT LANE ENDS AND RIGHT TURN LANE OR R3-7R ONLY MUST TURN RIGHT R3-8 MODIFIED R3-7R

LEFT LANE MUST TURN LEFT R3-7L

ONLY R3-8R ONLY R3-8R LEFT-TURN LANE AND DOUBLE RIGHT-TURN LANES FOR DIVIDED ROADWAY OR ONE-WAY STREET LEFT LANE MUST R3-7L TURN LEFT AT SUPP. CEDAR PANEL LEFT LANE MUST TURN LEFT R3-7L R LE H P DA S A E A M C

LEFT-TURN LANE FOR LEFT TURNS AT MORE THAN ONE INTERSECTION

Notes: 1) Diagrams Are Not To Scale.

2) Warning Signs May Also Be Required Michigan Department of Transportation For Lane End Situations (See Appropriate LANE-USE CONTROL SIGNS Sections Of The MMUTCD).

DRAWN BY: MTS 09/15/2005 FIGURE 1 CHECKED BY: MWB PLAN DATE: B-7 FILE: mdot_tsdpag_appendix_d.dgn REV.05/20/2014 ce an st Di g in ss a P

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D DO NOT Posted Speed PASS Distance "L" NO mph ft PASSING R4-1 250 ZONE 35 and Below 40-45 400 W14-3 50-55 550

60 and Over 750

NOTES: Signs and Pavement Markings Shown Michigan Department of Transportation NO PASSING CONTROL for One Direction Only AT RAILROAD CROSSINGS

DRAWN BY: MTS 09/15/2005 FIGURE 2 CHECKED BY: MWB PLAN DATE: B-8 FILE: mdot_tsdpag_appendix_d.dgn REV.05/20/2014 CHEVRON ALIGNMENT SIGN (W1-8) STANDARD SIZES 24" X 30" - CONVENTIONAL ROADWAYS 24" X 30" - FREEWAY RAMPS 20-40 MPH 36" X 48" - FREEWAY RAMPS 45-55 MPH 36" X 48" - FREEWAY MAINLINE *CHEVRONS

*DELINEATORS

W1-6 (OPTIONAL) CHEVRON SIGN SPACING ON HORIZONTAL CURVES RADIUS SPACING ON CURVE 90° IN FEET IN FEET

3,500 350

3,000 325

2°= 2,865 320

2,500 300

TANGENT 2,000 265

3°= 1,910 260

1,800 250

1,600 235

4°= 1,435 225

1,400 220

5°= 1,150 200

1,000 185

7°= 820 165

800 165

9°= 640 145

600 140

500 125

12°= 480 125

15°= 385 110

300 95

275 90

230 80

Notes: 30°= 195 70

Do Not Attach Chevron Signs to 40°= 145 60

Existing Target Arrow Signs or 100 40 Delineators.

The Approximate Spacing "S" on the Michigan Department of Transportation Curve is Found from the Formula ROADWAY DELINEATION S=6 R-50 Where "R" is the Radius Of the Curve in Feet.

DRAWN BY: MTS 09/15/2005 FIGURE 3 CHECKED BY: MWB PLAN DATE: B-9 FILE: mdot_tsdpag_appendix_d.dgn REV.05/20/2014 REST AREA A E R A

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D5-2a 15 MPH

W13-4

NOTE: Because of Potential Conflicts Due to Parking Maneuvers and Pedestrian Traffic, the Rest Area Advisory Sign (W13-4) Should be Used to Warn Drivers Entering a Rest Area.

Michigan Department of Transportation ADVISORY SPEED SIGNS FOR FREEWAY RAMPS

DRAWN BY: MTS 09/15/2005 FIGURE 4 CHECKED BY: MWB PLAN DATE: B-10 FILE: mdot_tsdpag_appendix_d.dgn REV.05/20/2014 ADVISORY SPEED SIGN WARRANTS FOR RAMPS WITH LIMITED VISIBILITY

General Note: Overhead Advisory Speed Signs are Considered Supplemental to the Ground Mounted W13-6 or W13-6a

INTERSTATE

96 E6 Series Lansing

EXIT30 MPH E13-2 (Exit) E13-2a (Ramp) OVERHEAD

WARRANTS:

An Extreme Reduction in Speed (of 40 MPH or More below the posted speed limit of the mainline) Is Required to Negotiate the Ramp.

A Crash Analysis Indicates a History of Rollover or Run-Off-The-Road Crashes

EXIT

25 Black on Yellow MPH

Size of Sign Varies with Application

DIAGRAMMATIC (OVERHEAD OR ROADSIDE)

WARRANT:

The Diagrammatic Sign Should Have Very Limited Use. Use Only When Other Signing Treatments Have Proven to be Ineffective.

Michigan Department of Transportation ADVISORY SPEED SIGNS FOR FREEWAY RAMPS

DRAWN BY: MTS 09/15/2005 FIGURE 5 CHECKED BY: MWB PLAN DATE: B-11 FILE: mdot_tsdpag_appendix_d.dgn REV.05/20/2014 Field Procedure To Determine The Radius of Curvature (R): M-O in ft R in ft 1. Measure 100 ft Cord A-B (Inside Edge of Curve)

2. Measure M-O (From Midpoint of AB) 5730 3. Read R From Table 2865

1910

1432

1146

955

819

716

637 A 573

521

477

O 441

409

M 382

358

337 B 318

302

286

273

260

249

239

Field Procedure to Determine Rate of Superelevation (e):

1. Measure W and H at Several Points

on Curve (Not in Transition Areas) Level Line

2. Calculate e: e = H H W

Wi dth of Ro 2 ad English: f + (0.01) e = V (W) 15 R

Where: Michigan Department of Transportation DETERMINATION OF e = Superelevation (%) ADVISORY SPEED f = Side Friction ON CURVES V = Velocity (mph

R = Radius (ft) DRAWN BY: JPS 09/22/2009 FIGURE 6 CHECKED BY: MWB PLAN DATE: B-12 FILE: mdot_tsdpag_appendix_d.dgn REV.05/20/2014 2000

1900

1800 % %

2 5

- . 1 1700 - % 5 . 1 1600 +

% 2 +

1500

1400 % 4 +

1300

) 1200

EET %

F 6 %

( + 7

S 1100 U I AD R 1000

900

800

700

600

500

400

300

200

100

V 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 f .32 .27 .23 .20 .18 .16 .15 .14 .13 .12

V = Speed in MPH

Michigan Department of Transportation DETERMINATION OF f = Assumed Side Friction Factor ADVISORY SPEED from 2004 AASHTO page 147 ON CURVES Exhibit 3-15

DRAWN BY: JPS 09/22/2009 FIGURE 7 CHECKED BY: MWB PLAN DATE: B-13 FILE: mdot_tsdpag_appendix_d.dgn REV.05/20/2014 CASE A CASE B t n f i

R R m n n

n a a t t t 100 i h h f f f

m T T

W10-1

o e e

r r 100 100 100 L o o M R R M

W10-1 STOP L R1-1

STOP STOP

R1-1 R1-1

R R

W10-1 CASE C t f n ss

a D e h L T 100

W10-2 L

W10-2 STOP

R1-1

R R

W10-1 Notes: 1. For the Distance L, see page 2 of this Note. 2. For the Distance D, see Section 2C, MMUTCD. 3. For Pavement Markings, See the MDOT Pavement Marking Typicals and Section 8 in the MMUTCD.

Michigan Department of Transportation RAILROAD ADVANCE WARNING SIGNS

DRAWN BY: DFK 11/14/2006 FIGURE 8 CHECKED BY: MWB PLAN DATE: B-14 FILE: mdot_tsdpag_appendix_d.dgn REV.07/14/2014 AJ R6-1 (L) R6-1 (L)

WRONG ONE WAY ONE WAY 36"x24" WAY R5-1a YIELD STOP OR 36" R1-1 or R1-2 R3-1 (L)

R5-1 (Optional) 12'

DO NOT

36" 12' SOUTH ENTER M3-3 ONE WAY WRONG 36"x24" WAY R6-1 (L) M1-6 R5-1a 54"x18" M6-1 R5-1 (Optional)

DO NOT 36" ENTER LEFT LANE

WRONG MUST 36"x24" WAY TURN LEFT R5-1a R3-7 (L) * 36"

DIRECTIONAL LEFT LANE GUIDE SIGN

MUST ** TURN LEFT R3-7 (L) * 36"

Lincoln St

Single Left

W EST W EST Directional Lincoln St Lincoln St

E AST E AST Crossover D3-2 (1.6) D3-2 (1.6) *** *** (Optional) * If the turn lane is greater than or equal to 100 ft in length, place signs at beginning of full width of turn lane and at beginning of curve. If turn lane is less than 100 ft

in length, place one sign at beginning of curve only.

** Sign shall not exceed 10' in width or 4' in height.

*** If speed is 35 MPH or less, sign height is 30" with variable width. If speed is 40 MPH

or more, sign height is 42" with variable width.

Notes: Michigan Department of Transportation When Crossover Is Signalized, SIGNING FOR DIRECTIONAL CROSSOVERS Stop or Yield Signs Are Deleted.

Traffic Flow Arrow DRAWN BY: MTS 03/20/2014 FIGURE 9 CHECKED BY: MWB PLAN DATE: B-15 FILE: mdot_tsdpag_appendix_d.dgn REV.10/6/2014 R6-1 (L) R6-1 (L)

WRONG 36"x24" ONE WAY ONE WAY WAY R5-1a YIELD STOP OR

36" R1-1 or R1-2 R3-1 (L) R5-1

12' DO NOT 36" ENTER ONE WAY 12' R6-1 (L) WRONG SOUTH 36"x24" WAY 54"x18" M3-3 R5-1a R5-1

DO NOT 36" M1-6 ENTER

WRONG M6-1 WAY (Optional) R5-1a 36"x24"

ONLY ONLY

R3-8 (L) MOD * 36"x24"

DIRECTIONAL GUIDE SIGN

** ONLY ONLY

R3-8 (L) MOD * 36"x24"

Lincoln St

Dual Left

W EST W EST Lincoln St Lincoln St

Directional E AST E AST

D3-2 (1.6) D3-2 (1.6) Crossover *** *** (Optional)

* If the turn lane is greater than or equal to 100 ft in length, place signs at beginning

of full width of turn lane and at beginning of curve. If turn lane is less than 100 ft

in length, place one sign at beginning of curve only. ** Sign shall not exceed 10' in width or 4' in height.

*** If speed is 35 MPH or less, sign height is 30" with variable width. If speed is 40 MPH

or more, sign height is 42" with variable width.

Notes:

When Crossover Is Signalized, Michigan Department of Transportation SIGNING FOR DIRECTIONAL CROSSOVERS Stop or Yield Signs Are Deleted.

DRAWN BY: MTS 03/20/2014 FIGURE 10 Traffic Flow Arrow CHECKED BY: MWB PLAN DATE: B-16 FILE: mdot_tsdpag_appendix_d.dgn REV.10/6/2014 R6-1 (L) R6-1 (L)

ONE WAY ONE WAY WRONG 36"x24" WAY R5-1a 36" YIELD R5-1 STOP OR R3-1 (L)

DO NOT (Optional) SOUTH 36" ENTER R1-1 or R1-2 M3-3

WRONG 12' 36"x24" R6-1 (R) WAY M1-6 R5-1a ONE WAY

12' TURN M6-1 RIGHT (Optional) ONLY R3-31 (Optional)

R6-1 (R) 36" R5-1 ONE WAY TURN RIGHT ONE WAY DO NOT ONLY ENTER R6-1 (L) R3-31 STOP (Optional) WRONG WAY R1-1 R5-1a 36"x24" LEFT LANE 36" MUST TURN LEFT

R3-7 (L) *

DIRECTIONAL GUIDE SIGN

LEFT LANE Single Left 36" MUST Directional Crossover TURN LEFT Located Opposite R3-7 (L) * a Street

* If the turn lane is greater than or equal to 100 ft in length, place signs at beginning

of full width of turn lane and at beginning of curve. If turn lane is less than 100 ft

in length, place one sign at beginning of curve only.

** Sign shall not exceed 10' in width or 4' in height.

Notes:

When Crossover Is Signalized, Michigan Department of Transportation SIGNING FOR DIRECTIONAL CROSSOVERS Stop or Yield Signs Are Deleted.

Traffic Flow Arrow DRAWN BY: MTS 03/20/2014 FIGURE 11 CHECKED BY: MWB PLAN DATE: B-17 FILE: mdot_tsdpag_appendix_d.dgn REV.05/20/2014

R6-1 (L) & (R)

ONE WAY ONE WAY ONE

ONE WAY ONE WAY WRONG WAY R5-1a YIELD STOP OR

R1-1 or R1-2 R3-1 (L) (Optional)

12'

SOUTH M3-3

R5-1 M1-6

DO NOT R6-1 (R) M6-1 TURN ENTER (Optional) RIGHT ONE WAY ONLY WRONG WAY R3-31 R5-1a (Optional) STOP

R1-1

ONE WAY ONLY ONLY

R6-1 (L) R3-8 (L) MOD * DIRECTIONAL GUIDE SIGN

Dual Left Directional ONLY ONLY Crossover R3-8 (L) MOD * Located Opposite a Street

* If the turn lane is greater than or equal to 100 ft in length, place signs at beginning

of full width of turn lane and at beginning of curve. If turn lane is less than 100 ft

in length, place one sign at beginning of curve only.

** Sign shall not exceed 10' in width and 4' in height.

Notes:

When Crossover Is Signalized, Michigan Department of Transportation

Stop or Yield Signs Are Deleted. SIGNING FOR DIRECTIONAL CROSSOVERS

Traffic Flow Arrow DRAWN BY: MTS 03/20/2014 FIGURE 12 CHECKED BY: MWB PLAN DATE: B-18 FILE: mdot_tsdpag_appendix_d.dgn REV.10/6/2014 Median 30 Feet

WRONG WAY R5-1a 36"x24"

R6-1 (L) R6-1 (L)

R5-1 ONE WAY ONE WAY

DO NOT 36" ENTER YIELD STOP OR WRONG WAY R6-1 (L) R5-1a R1-1 or R1-2 36"x24" ONE WAY

54"x18"

R5-1

DO NOT ONE WAY 36" ENTER R6-1 (L) 54"x18" WRONG WAY R6-1 (L) R6-1 (L) R5-1a

ONE WAY ONE WAY 36"x24"

WRONG YIELD WAY STOP OR R5-1a 36"x24"

R1-1 or R1-2

Bi-Directional Median Crossover Median 30 Feet

Michigan Department of Transportation SIGNING FOR DIRECTIONAL CROSSOVERS

Traffic Flow Arrow

DRAWN BY: MTS 08/05/2004 FIGURE 13 CHECKED BY: MWB PLAN DATE: B-19 FILE: mdot_tsdpag_appendix_d.dgn REV.10/6/2014

R5-1 * DO NOT DIVIDED 36" ENTER

WRONG HIGHWAY 36"x24" WAY R6-3 (See Note) R5-1a

STOP R1-1

WRONG 36"x24"

ONE WAY ONE R6-1 (R) * WAY 36" R5-1a

R6-1 (L) ONE WAY R3-1 *

R1-2 R1-1

OR STOP

ONE WAY ONE YIELD R5-1 R5-1 R6-1 (R)

R3-2 DO NOT DO NOT ONE WAY ONE 36" R6-1 (L) 36" 36" ONE WAY ENTER ENTER R6-1 (L)

WRONG ONE WAY R6-1 (R) WRONG 36" WAY YIELD WAY STOP OR R5-1a * R5-1a R1-1 OR R1-2 WRONG 36"x24" 36"x24" 36"x24" WAY R3-2

R5-1a

ONE WAY ONE * R6-1 (L)

R5-1 ONE WAY R6-1 (R) DO NOT 36" R3-1 ENTER STOP R1-1 36" WRONG WAY R5-1a 36"x24" DIVIDED *

Note: HIGHWAY

If Used, The R6-3 Sign May be R6-3 (See Note)

Placed Beneath The Near Side R1-1 as an Alternate Location. MEDIAN 30 FT

Michigan Department of Transportation SIGNS AT DIVIDED Direction of Traffic Flow HIGHWAY INTERSECTIONS * Optional Sign DRAWN BY: MTS 08/05/2004 FIGURE 14 CHECKED BY: MWB PLAN DATE: B-20 FILE: mdot_tsdpag_appendix_d.dgn REV.10/6/2014 *

DIVIDED

HIGHWAY

R6-3 (SEE NOTE) STOP R1-1

ONE WAY ONE R6-1 (R) *

ONE WAY R6-1 (L) R3-1 36"

* * YIELD * YIELD * STOP OR STOP OR

R1-1 OR R1-2 R1-1 OR R1-2 *

ONE WAY ONE R6-1 (L)

R3-2 ONE WAY R6-1 (R) 36"

STOP R1-1

DIVIDED *

Notes: HIGHWAY R6-3 (SEE NOTE) If Used The R6-3 Sign May Be

Placed Beneath The Near Side

R1-1 as an Alternate Location.

For Medians less than 30ft, the Use Signs Should be Left to the

Discretion of the Engineer and Based on Engineering Studies. Otherwise nothing is required for narrower medians. The Road With Lowest Volume of Traffic Should be Stopped.

MEDIAN 30 FT Direction of Traffic Flow

Optional Sign Michigan Department of Transportation * SIGNS AT DIVIDED HIGHWAY INTERSECTIONS

DRAWN BY: MTS 08/05/2004 FIGURE 15 CHECKED BY: MWB PLAN DATE: B-21 FILE: mdot_tsdpag_appendix_d.dgn REV.10/6/2014 Michigan Department of Transportation

PUBLIC CARPOOL PARKING

D4-4b

150'-300'

Alternate Placement ITORT K IC C K I E L T (Back to Back) For C

D T A D4-4b Y H & NIG

Michigan Department of Transportation

PUBLIC I13-1 CARPOOL PARKING

D4-4b

Michigan Department of Transportation

PUBLIC CARPOOL CARPOOL / PARKING PARK & RIDE LOT D4-4

R5-2

ADOPT-AN-AREA

MDOT

Place along back of carpool lot (OPTONAL)

Michigan Department of Transportation CARPOOL/PARK-AND-RIDE LOTS

DRAWN BY: MTS 08/05/2004 FIGURE 16 CHECKED BY: MWB PLAN DATE: B-22 FILE: mdot_tsdpag_appendix_d.dgn REV.02/20/2015 AJ NEXT PASSING PASSING PASSING * A 0.5 Mi maximum spacing LANE LANE OR LANE is recommended. Locate after 500 FEET AHEAD _ MILES major (paved) crossroads. D17-2 D17-3 D17-1 ** ** If used, the D17-1 should be placed

Optional o a minimum of 2 miles in

SPEED t

t t LIMIT f advance of the passing lanes. f

XX t 500 1000 R2-1 f KEEP Optional Single Solid

RIGHT 100 Yellow Line EXCEPT TO PASS Single Broken Yellow Line R4-16 * Repeat as Necessary Along Added Lane

Single Broken W6-5 LANE ENDS White Line MERGE LEFT

W9-2 d d LANE ENDS MERGE Optional LEFT W4-2R d d W9-2 Optional

Single Broken KEEP White Line RIGHT W4-2R EXCEPT TO PASS

R4-16 * PASSING LANE W6-5 Repeat as Necessary 500 FEET Along Added Lane D17-2 Single Solid Yellow Line SPEED OR

t PASSING t LIMIT f f LANE Single Broken XX AHEAD t

Yellow Line 100 f R2-1 1000 D17-3

o Optional 500 t

NEXT LEGEND PASSING DIRECTION OF TRAFFIC LANE

_ MILES d ADVANCE WARNING DISTANCE (See Section 2C, MMUTCD) D17-1 ** Optional

Note: Plan Assumes No Sight Restrictions. Michigan Department of Transportation Under Actual Field Conditions, TRAFFIC CONTROL PLAN No-Passing Zones for the Single FOR PASSING LANES Direction May be Required.

DRAWN BY: MTS 08/05/2004 FIGURE 17 CHECKED BY: MWB PLAN DATE: B-23 FILE: mdot_tsdpag_appendix_d.dgn REV.07/14/2014 AJ * A 0.5 Mi maximum spacing NEXT is recommended. Locate after PASSING PASSING PASSING major (paved) crossroads. LANE OR LANE LANE 500 FEET AHEAD ** If used, the D17-1 should be placed _ MILES D17-2 D17-3 a minimum of 2 miles in advance of the passing lanes. D17-1 ** SPEED Optional LIMIT Single Broken XX Yellow Line

R2-1 PASS o Double Solid Optional t WITH

t t f Yellow Line f CARE

t R4-2p 500 1000

KEEP f

RIGHT EXCEPT 100 TO PASS

R4-16 * Repeat as Necessary d Along Added Lane LANE ENDS MERGE d W4-2R LEFT

Single Broken W9-2 LANE ENDS White Line MERGE Optional LEFT Single Broken White Line KEEP W9-2 d RIGHT Optional EXCEPT d TO PASS R4-16 *

Repeat as Necessary

t Along Added Lane f t PASS SPEED f t W4-2R f WITH 100 LIMIT

CARE 1000 XX

500 o

R4-2p t R2-1 Optional

PASSING Single Broken LANE Yellow Line 500 FEET

D17-2 NEXT OR PASSING PASSING LEGEND LANE LANE DIRECTION OF TRAFFIC AHEAD _ MILES

D17-3 D17-1 ** d ADVANCE WARNING DISTANCE Optional (See Section 2C, MMUTCD)

Note: Michigan Department of Transportation Plan Assumes No Sight Restrictions. TRAFFIC CONTROL PLAN Under Actual Field Conditions, FOR PASSING LANES No-Passing Zones for the Single Direction May be Required. DRAWN BY: MTS 08/05/2004 FIGURE 18 CHECKED BY: MWB PLAN DATE: B-24 FILE: mdot_tsdpag_appendix_d.dgn REV.07/14/2014 AJ R3-2 (30") TRUCK R2-2a (3' x 4') SPEED W4-1 (48") R I13-2 (12" x 6") 60 I13-1 (24") CLICK IT OR TICKET MDOT Supplied Sign WS4B

ONE WAY R6-1 (36" X 12") L

YIELD R1-2 (36")

W4-1 (36") R

FFREEWAY D1-2 (1.1) 35 MPH OR LESS PARKING (VAR. x 36")

SIGNS WITHIN WEIGH STATION WILL BE ERECTED PER E A

E INDIVIDUAL STATIONS' AN R NEEDS L S A AY

LE 1) ALL SIGNS WITHIN WEIGH

SS STATION TO BE REPLACED A NG EE I "IN KIND" A C K R 2) ALL ELECTRONIC SIGNS P S R F WITHIN WEIGH STATION WILL Y

A BE REPLACED/INSTALLED BY B

P CVST-IS 3) ALL SIGN CHANGE REQUESTS MUST BE APPROVED BY CVST-IS

W12-1 (36")

W EIGH STATION

MA XIM UM

M INIM UM FOLLOW AT R13-2 ONETRUCK LENGTH (4' x 2.5')

W13-3d (4' x 8.5') *Electronic Signs Inside Weigh Station Installed I WEIGH

M by CVST-IS*

W EIGH STATION 2

/ STATIO N D8-2 (9' x 5') I 1 Changable M RIGHT LANE

"OPEN/CLOSED"

4 Message Sign WS4A / I

3 D8-3 (7' x 6.5') M I13-2 (12" x 6")

1 NO SCALE ALL TRUCKS NEXT RIGHT EXAMPLE SIGNING R13-1a (10' x 4') Michigan Department of Transportation FOR FREEWAY WEIGH STATIONS WEIGH W/ BYPASS LANE STATION 1 MILE DRAWN BY: BMS 8/21/12 CHECKED BY: MWB FIGURE 19 D8-1 (9' x 6') PLAN DATE: B-25 FILE: mdot_tsdpag_appendix_d.dgn REV.10/18/2016 R3-2 (30") W4-1 (48") R I13-2 (12" x 6")

WS4B TRUCK R2-2a (3' x 4') SPEED 60

I13-1 (24") CLICK IT OR TICKET MDOT Supplied Sign

FFREEWAY D1-2 (1.1) 35 MPH OR LESS PARKING (VAR. x 36")

SIGNS WITHIN WEIGH STATION WILL BE ERECTED PER A

E INDIVIDUAL STATIONS'

R NEEDS S A AY

LE 1) ALL SIGNS WITHIN WEIGH STATION TO BE REPLACED A NG EE I "IN KIND" C K R 2) ALL ELECTRONIC SIGNS S R F WITHIN WEIGH STATION WILL

A BE REPLACED/INSTALLED BY

P CVST-IS 3) ALL SIGN CHANGE REQUESTS MUST BE APPROVED BY CVST-IS

W EIGH STATION

MA XIM UM

M INIM UM FOLLOW AT R13-2 ONETRUCK LENGTH (4' x 2.5')

W13-3d (4' x 8.5') *Electronic Signs Inside Weigh Station Installed I WEIGH

M by CVST-IS*

W EIGH STATION 2

/ STATIO N D8-2 (9' x 5') I 1 Changable M RIGHT LANE

"OPEN/CLOSED"

4 Message Sign WS4A / I

3 D8-3 (7' x 6.5') M I13-2 (12" x 6")

1 NO SCALE ALL TRUCKS NEXT RIGHT EXAMPLE SIGNING R13-1a (10' x 4') Michigan Department of Transportation FOR FREEWAY WEIGH STATIONS WEIGH W/OUT BYPASS LANE STATION 1 MILE DRAWN BY: BMS 8/21/12 CHECKED BY: MWB FIGURE 20 D8-1 (9' x 6') PLAN DATE: B-26 FILE: mdot_tsdpag_appendix_d.dgn REV.10/18/2016 WEIGH STATION

1 MILE W EIGH D8-2b (7.5' x 4') STATIO N D8-1 (5' x 4') Changable LEFT ½ M ILE "OPEN/CLOSED" Message Sign

R1-1 (36") STOP

SPEED R2-1 (24" x 30") LIMIT XX

I13-1 (24") CLICK IT OR TICKET MDOT Supplied Sign

EXIT ONLY DO NOT R5-1 (36") I

M ENTER

WRONG R5-1a (36" x 24")

I WAY

M SIGNS WITHIN WEIGH

2 STATION WILL BE A /

AY ERECTED PER E 1 W R INDIVIDUAL STATIONS' A S NEEDS EE

R LE

F 1) ALL SIGNS WITHIN WEIGH NG A I

- STATION TO BE REPLACED C K "IN KIND" S R 2) ALL ELECTRONIC SIGNS

A WITHIN WEIGH STATION WILL NON

P BE REPLACED/INSTALLED BY CVST-IS 3) ALL SIGN CHANGE REQUESTS MUST BE APPROVED BY CVST-IS

ENTRANCE ONLY I M

2 / STATION

1 WEIGH I M

1 WEIGH STATION

W EIGH D8-2a D8-3 (4' x 3.5') STATIO N (7.5' x 4') Changable RIGHT ½ M ILE "OPEN/CLOSED" Message Sign

NO SCALE

WEIGH Michigan Department of Transportation EXAMPLE SIGNING STATION FOR NON-FREEWAY 1 MILE WEIGH STATIONS

D8-1 (5' x 4') DRAWN BY: BMS 8/21/12 FIGURE 21 CHECKED BY: MWB PLAN DATE: B-27 FILE: mdot_tsdpag_appendix_d.dgn REV.05/20/2014 33

79 TS 79

250'*

W Branch Destination Guide Sign Saginaw (D1 Series) Flint

250'* NORTH 33

Route Marker

WEST E AST Cluster

79 79

250'*

Optional Warning Sign w/ Optional Road Name Plaque (if limited space) (EX: W3-1, W3-3) JCT M79 250'*

JCT JCT Cluster 79

NO SCALE

Michigan Department of Transportation EXAMPLE APPROACH SIGNING AT JUNCTION OF 2 NON-FREEWAY TRUNKLINES

DRAWN BY: BMS 04/14/14 *Placement of signs may need to be field FIGURE 22 adjusted based on field conditions CHECKED BY: MWB PLAN DATE: B-28 FILE: mdot_tsdpag_appendix_d.dgn REV. 33

Random St. TS Random St.

*Minimum distance provided in Table 1; Maximum distance provided in Guidance Section

Optional Warning Sign (EX: W3-1 or W3-3)

NO SCALE

EXAMPLE APPROACH SIGNING Michigan Department of Transportation AT INTERSECTION OF NON-FREEWAY TRUNKLINE AND OTHER ROADWAY

DRAWN BY: BMS 04/14/14 *Placement of signs may need to be field FIGURE 23 adjusted based on field conditions CHECKED BY: MWB PLAN DATE: B-29 FILE: mdot_tsdpag_appendix_d.dgn REV. Condition A Distance

W4-2

Normal Sign Spacing

LANE ENDS W9-2 MERGE RIGHT

Normal Sign Spacing

LEFT W9-1 LANE ENDS

(Optional)

NO SCALE

MINIMUM ADVANCE PLACEMENT Michigan Department of Transportation DISTANCE FOR SIGNING REQUIRED IN CONDITION A SCENARIO

DRAWN BY: BMS 04/14/14 *Placement of signs may need to be field FIGURE 24 adjusted based on field conditions CHECKED BY: MWB PLAN DATE: B-30 FILE: mdot_tsdpag_appendix_d.dgn REV. PC/PT of Curve

*Minimum distance provided in Table 1 for Condition B: Decelerate to Indicated Advisory Speed

W1 Series

XX W13-1P M . P . H .

NO SCALE

MINIMUM ADVANCE PLACEMENT Michigan Department of Transportation DISTANCE FOR CURVE SIGNING REQUIRED IN CONDITION B: DECELERATE TO INDICATED ADVISORY SPEED

DRAWN BY: BMS 04/14/14 *Placement of signs may need to be field FIGURE 25 adjusted based on field conditions CHECKED BY: MWB PLAN DATE: B-31 FILE: mdot_tsdpag_appendix_d.dgn REV. A

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Michigan Department of Transportation TYPICAL REST AREA/ WELCOME CENTER SIGNING

DRAWN BY: AKJ 09/14/16 FIGURE 26 CHECKED BY: MWB PLAN DATE: B-32 FILE: mdot_tsdpag_appendix_d.dgn REV. APPENDIX C Arrow Per Lane

Appendix C

SUBJECT: Multi-Lane Exits with an Option Lane

PURPOSE: To Promote Uniform Application of Guide Signs at Multi- Lane Exits

COORDINATING UNIT: Traffic Signing Unit

INFORMATION: The following is only for multi-lane exits with an option lane.

Overhead arrow-per-lane signs are to be used with all major interchanges with other expressways or freeways, high-volume multi-lane highways, principal urban arterials, or major rural routes where the volume of interchanging traffic is heavy or includes many road users unfamiliar with the area. (Cases 1-4)

Multiple exit destinations will show both destinations but will not be split by destination until the 0.5 mile location. (Case 5)

Do not use an overhead arrow-per-lane guide sign at the gore point if the service life on the truss located at the gore is such that it does not need to be replaced. Use a pull through guide sign and an exit direction guide sign on the existing truss instead. (Case 6)

For smaller intermediate or minor interchanges, traditional signing practices should be used. (Cases 7-8)

Use exit only plaques for arrow-per-lane signs at the ½ mile location and divergence point. For Freeway splits when no exit number is used, omit the exit only warning plaques completely.

The panel I sign design should be used in all cases. Panel II is only to be used when the field conditions do not allow for the panel I sign. (Case 9)

C-2 C-3 C-4 C-5 C-6 C-7 C-8 C-9 C-10 C-11 APPENDIX D Roundabout Signing Guidelines

Appendix D

SUBJECT: Roundabout Signing Guidelines

PURPOSE: To Promote Uniform Application of Signs at Roundabouts

COORDINATING UNIT: Traffic Signing Unit

INFORMATION: The following describes the signing used at example roundabouts, and provides information about each sign in regards to when and where each sign can be used.

This document was formed using elements from the NCHRP Report 672 Roundabouts: An Informational Guide, the FHWA Roundabout Guide Chapter 7.1, and the 2011 Michigan Manual for Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MMUTCD).

Sizes of these signs shall match the required size per the 2011 MMUTCD and the current version of the Traffic Sign Design, Placement, and Application Guidelines (TSDPAG). Sign supports shall follow the standard sign support details in the TSDPAG. Any roundabout sign shall not combine any elements outside of their classification (i.e.: green and white guide signs shall not contain warning sign elements).

The following paragraphs describe each sign. All referenced figures refer to the figures within this document.

Signs on Roundabout Approaches:

- W2-6 (Circular Intersection Sign) – This sign shall be required to be the first sign on the approach of a roundabout. The sign shall be clustered with the “Roundabout” plaque (W16-17P) and the appropriate advisory speed (W13-1). Figure 1 provides an example for these signs.

o For tear-drop roundabouts, the W2-6 sign shall be replaced with a W6-1 sign, and the W16-17P shall be eliminated.

- A guide sign shall be required to be the second sign on the approach of a roundabout. This sign will give destination information so the driver can decide what turn movement is required. The D1-2d series and the D1-3d series shall be used to provide the driver direction on what direction to turn. Freeway off-ramp applications shall use the D1-5 sign or some variation of it (see Figure 2 for non-freeway examples, see Figure 11 for freeway off-ramp example).

- A regulatory lane-control sign shall be the third sign on the approach of a roundabout if multiple approach lanes continue into the roundabout. If the roundabout has a single lane approach, a lane-control sign shall not be used. Sign details R3-7g and R3-7h are examples of the lane-control signs (see Figure 3).

- Route Marker Clusters – These signs should be used in advance of the roundabout after the W2-6, Guide Sign, and (if any exists) lane control sign (see Figure 4).

D-2 - R4-7 (Keep Right Sign) – This sign shall be placed at the nose of the splitter island on each approach to the roundabout (see Figure 5).

- W3-2 (Yield Ahead Sign) – These signs shall not be used in normal circumstances. The W3-2 shall only be used when the sight distance of the yield sign is severely limited.

- Movement prohibition signs (R3-1, 2, 3, and 4) are prohibited within and approaching roundabouts.

- R2-1 (Yield Sign) – All roundabouts shall be required to have a yield sign placed on both the left and right hand side of the entry into a roundabout (see Figure 6).

- W11-2 (Pedestrian Crossing Signs) – Pedestrian crossing signs are only required on roundabouts with established pedestrian crossings. For all roundabout approaches with pedestrian crossings, the W11-2 shall be placed on the right-hand side of the road, placed just beyond the pedestrian crossing. For roundabouts with multiple approach lanes and pedestrian crossings, a W11-2 shall be placed on both the left-hand side and the right-hand side of the roadway just beyond the pedestrian crossing.

o If used, the W11-2 shall be combined with the diagonal arrow plaque, W16-7P (L or R) (see Figure 7).

Signs within Roundabouts:

- R6-4a, 4b (Roundabout Directional Arrow Sign(s)) – The central island of a roundabout shall have one roundabout directional arrow sign per approach. These signs shall be placed in the central island of the roundabout in target position of the approach lanes and shall be mounted with 4’ bottom height. The R6-4a sign shall be used on single lane roundabouts and the R6-4b shall be used on roundabouts with multi-lane approaches (see Figure 8).

- Street name “exit” signs shall be placed in the splitter island at the exit of a roundabout. These signs shall be one of five options (see Figure 9):

I) Route marker cluster with M6-2 as the arrow II) D1-1d (1.1) – Legend only III) D1-1d (1.2) – Legend only IV) D1-1d (1.3) – Legend and route marker in the same sign a. *only to be used at roundabouts at junctions* V) Nothing

Signs leaving Roundabouts:

- After exiting a roundabout on a state trunkline highway, a confirmatory route marker cluster shall be erected within 200’ from the edge of circulating traffic.

D-3 o If the roundabout lies at a junction of two state trunklines, typical junction signing shall be followed (Route, Speed, Distance). Speed and distance signs are optional if the roundabout is not at a junction.

- W11-2 (Pedestrian Crossing Sign) – Roundabout exits with an established pedestrian crossing shall have a W11-2 sign placed on the right-hand side of the road just beyond the pedestrian crossing. If there are multiple lanes exiting from the roundabout with an established pedestrian crossing, the W11-2 sign shall be placed on both the left-hand and right-hand side of the road just beyond the pedestrian crossing.

o If used, the W11-2 shall be combined with the diagonal arrow plaque, W16-7P (L or R).

- W4-2R (Lane Ends Sign) - If lanes exiting a roundabout merge, a lane ends sign shall be placed at the beginning of the lane taper (see Figure 10).

o If pedestrian signs are used at the multiple lane exit of the roundabout and sign spacing is insufficient to place a W4-2R, the signs shall be spaced so that the pedestrian signs are placed in the required spot (at the ped x-ing) and the W4-2R will be placed as far back as possible to be seen after the pedestrian sign, or at the start of the lane taper.

Signs on Freeway Off-Ramps:

- All previous signing principles shall be followed for roundabouts at freeway interchanges. The freeway off-ramps shall be treated as a roundabout approach.

- Overhead signing may be used for roundabouts on freeway off-ramps or for locations with special circumstances. Span wires, trusses, and cantilevers may be used.

o All other signing options shall be considered prior to placing signs overhead. Overhead signing shall be avoided if possible.

o Only guide sign information (D1-5) or regulatory lane-control signs (R3-5d Series) (see Figures 11 and 12) may be placed on overhead structures, but they shall not be placed on the same structure.

Signs for Right-Turn Bypass Lanes:

- The roundabout approach shall contain the circular intersection cluster (see Figure 1) and a guide sign (see Figures 2 and 11).

- The regulatory lane-control sign shall be incorporate a normal right turn only arrow while maintaining the appropriate roundabout arrows for the other lane(s). Sign details R3-7g Mod and R3-7h Mod are examples of the lane-control signs (see Figure 13).

- The route marker cluster should be used in advance of the bypass lane after the W2-6, Guide Sign, and lane control sign.

D-4 - W12-1 (Double Arrow Sign) – Shall be placed at the nose of the splitter island splitting the bypass lane from the through lanes (see Figure 14).

- W11-2 (Pedestrian Crossing Sign) – Roundabout bypass lanes with an established pedestrian crossing shall have a W11-2 sign placed on the right-hand side of the road just beyond the pedestrian crossing. If there are multiple bypass lanes exiting from the roundabout with an established pedestrian crossing, the W11-2 sign shall be placed on both the left-hand and right-hand side of the road just beyond the pedestrian crossing.

o If used, the W11-2 shall be combined with the diagonal arrow plaque, W16-7P (L or R).

- W4-1 (Merge Sign) – The merge sign shall be placed at the far end of the splitter island where the bypass lane merges with the exiting lane (see Figure 15).

- W4-2R (Lane Ends Sign) – The lane ends sign shall be placed at the beginning of the lane taper where the bypass lane merges with the exiting lane.

The signs shown in Figures 16 through 20 at the end of this document show the preferred sign layout for the entrance, interior, and exit of a roundabout, roundabouts on freeway off-ramps, and roundabouts with a right-turn bypass lane. The signs in these figures shall be present at all times when signing a roundabout except as designed in the preceding paragraphs. As in any case, engineering judgment can be applied to deviate from these guidelines. Due to the number of signs for roundabouts, proper sign spacing is not achievable. For this reason, sign spacing may be reduced to a minimum of 150’ (for roundabout signing only).

D-5 R1-2 (36") YIELD 4 Sft Sign, Type IIIA 14 Ft Post, Steel, 3 lb

W11-2 (36") 9 Sft Sign, Type IIIB I. W16-7P(L) (36" x 18") 4.5 Sft Sign, Type IIIB 30 Ft 2- Post, Steel, 3 lb

W11-2 (36") 9 Sft Sign, Type IIIB II. W16-7P(R) (36" x 18") 4.5 Sft Sign, Type IIIB 30 Ft 2- Post, Steel, 3 lb

R4-7 (24" X 30") 5 Sft Sign, Type IIIB 14 Ft Post, Steel, 3 lb

Example Route Marker Cluster

NORTH E AST

79 23

III.Example Lane Control Signs

R3-7g R3-7h

LEFT RIGHT LEFT RIGHT LANE LANE LANE LANE

D1-2d Series D1-3d Series

R% edm ond Reese

OR Bend Saginaw Burns

W2-6 (36") 9 Sft Sign, Type IIIB W16-17P (36" x 18") 4.5 Sft Sign, Type IIIB ROUNDABOUT W13-1 (24") XX 4 Sft Sign, Type IIIB M . P. H . 32 Ft 2- Post, Steel, 3 lb

NOTES:

I.Use only if there is an Established Pedestrian X-ing Michigan Department of Transportation FIGURE 16: II.Use only if there is an Established EXAMPLE SIGNING FOR Pedestrian X-ing; Required for multi-lane approaches with Pedestrian X-ings APPENDIX D ROUNDABOUT APPROACH

III.Use only if there are multiple lanes entering the roundabout DRAWN BY: BMS 7/16/2012 CHECKED BY: PLAN DATE: D-6 FILE: REV. R6-4a (48"X 24")

R6-4b (60"X 24")

* *

* NOTE:

The signs at the roundabout exit shall be one of five options:

1) NORTH Route marker cluster with M6-2R as arrow

2) Maple Rd D1-1d (1.1)

3) Margrethe D1-1d (1.2) Blvd

Michigan Department of Transportation FIGURE 17: 4) N ORTH D1-1d (1.3) 10 EXAMPLE SIGNING FOR

Lansing APPENDIX D ROUNDABOUT INTERIOR

5) Nothing DRAWN BY: BMS 7/16/2012 CHECKED BY: PLAN DATE: D-7 FILE: REV. W11-2 (36") 9 Sft Sign, Type IIIB I. W16-7P(R) (36" x 18") 4.5 Sft Sign, Type IIIB 30 Ft 2- Post, Steel, 3 lb

W11-2 (36") 9 Sft Sign, Type IIIB II. W16-7P(L) (36" x 18") 4.5 Sft Sign, Type IIIB 30 Ft 2- Post, Steel, 3 lb

W4-2 (36") R III. 9 Sft Sign, Type IIIB 30 Ft 2- Post, Steel, 3 lb

M3-3 (24"x 12") SOUTH 2 Sft Sign, Type IIIB Sign M1-6 (24" X 24") 79 4 Sft Sign, Type IIIB 14 Ft Post, Steel, 3 lb

SPEED R2-1 (24" X 30") LIMIT 5 Sft Sign, Type IIIB 55 14 Ft Post, Steel, 3 lb

IV.

St Louis 20 D2-1

OR Cadillac 20 D2-2 Lake City 35

Clare 16 Grayling 77 D2-3 Reed City 103

NOTES:

I.Use only if there is an Established Pedestrian X-ing

II.Use only if there is an Established Pedestrian X-ing; Required for multi-lane approaches with Pedestrian X-ings Michigan Department of Transportation FIGURE 18: III.Only needed if an exit lane EXAMPLE SIGNING AT ends after the roundabout APPENDIX D ROUNDABOUT EXIT IV.Optional unless the roundabout is located at a junction of two state routes DRAWN BY: BMS 7/16/2012 CHECKED BY: PLAN DATE: D-8 FILE: REV. DO NOT R5-1 (36") 9 Sft Sign, Type IIIA ENTER

R5-1a (36" X 24") WRONG 6 Sft Sign, Type IIIA WAY 2 Ea Ref Pan for Support, 3 ft Erect w/ 4' bottom height 28 Ft 2- Post, Steel, 3 lb

R1-2 (36") YIELD 4 Sft Sign, Type IIIA 14 Ft Post, Steel, 3 lb

NOTES: W11-2 (36") I.Use only if there is an I. 9 Sft Sign, Type IIIB Established Pedestrian W16-7P(L) (36" x 18") X-ing 4.5 Sft Sign, Type IIIB 30 Ft 2- Post, Steel, 3 lb II.Use only if there is an Established Pedestrian X-ing; Required for W11-2 (36") multi-lane approaches II. 9 Sft Sign, Type IIIB with Pedestrian X-ings W16-7P(R) (36" x 18") 4.5 Sft Sign, Type IIIB III.Use only if there are 30 Ft 2- Post, Steel, 3 lb multiple lanes entering the roundabout

Route Marker Cluster

R5-1a (42" X 30") WRONG 8.75 Sft Sign, Type IIA WAY 2 Ea, Ref Pan for Support, 3 ft Erect w/ 4' bottom height 28 Ft 2- Post, Steel, 3 lb

III.Lane Control Sign

D1-2d Series

OR D1-3d Series OR

D1-5

N ORTH 53

W EST E AST

18 ½Mile 59 Rd R5-1a (36" X 24") Romeo WRONG 6 Sft Sign, Type IIIA WAY 2 Ea, Ref Pan for Support, 3 ft Erect w/ 4' bottom height 26 Ft 2- Post, Steel, 3 lb

FIGURE 19: Michigan Department of Transportation W2-6 (48") EXAMPLE SIGNING FOR A 16 Sft Sign, Type IIB W16-17P (48" x 24") ROUNDABOUT AT A FREEWAY APPENDIX D 8 Sft Sign, Type IIB ROUNDABOUT INTERCHANGE W13-1 (30") XX 6.25 Sft Sign, Type IIIB M . P. H . 36 Ft 2- Post, Steel, 3 lb DRAWN BY: BMS 7/16/2012 CHECKED BY: PLAN DATE: D-9 FILE: REV. W4-1 (36") R W4-2 (36") R 9 Sft Sign, Type IIIB 9 Sft Sign, Type IIIB 30 Ft 2- Post, Steel, 3 lb 30 Ft 2- Post, Steel, 3 lb

W11-2 (36") I. 9 Sft Sign, Type IIIB W16-7P(R) (36" x 18") 4.5 Sft Sign, Type IIIB 30 Ft 2- Post, Steel, 3 lb

W11-2 (36") II. 9 Sft Sign, Type IIIB W16-7P(L) (36" x 18") 4.5 Sft Sign, Type IIIB 30 Ft 2- Post, Steel, 3 lb

W12-1 (36") 9 Sft Type IIIB Sign 30 Ft 2-Post, Steel, 3 lb

Example Route Marker Cluster

NORTH E AST

79 23

Example Lane Control Signs

R3-7g Mod R3-7h Mod

Use all prior signing for LEFT RIGHT LEFT RIGHT LANE LANE Roundabout Approach LANE LANE

NOTES: FIGURE 20: Michigan Department of Transportation EXAMPLE SIGNING FOR I.Use only if there is an Established Pedestrian X-ing; Required for multi-lane ROUNDABOUT WITH approaches with Pedestrian X-ings APPENDIX D RIGHT-TURN BYPASS LANE II.Use only if there is an Established Pedestrian X-ing DRAWN BY: BMS 7/16/2012 CHECKED BY: PLAN DATE: D-10 FILE: REV.