Compendium of Global Environmental Constitutionalism: Selected Cases and Materials

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Compendium of Global Environmental Constitutionalism: Selected Cases and Materials Compendium of Global Environmental Constitutionalism: Selected Cases and Materials 2019 (Second Edition) Erin Daly & James R. May Widener University Delaware Law School Table of Contents Case Summaries .............................................................................................................................. 1 Section I: Judicial Opinions from Around the Globe ................................................................... 12 A. Asia Pacific .............................................................................................................. 12 1. Juan Antonio, Anna Rosario and Jose Alfonso Oposa & Others v. The Honorable Fulgencio S. Factoran, Jr., (Supreme Court of the Philippines, 1993) ................................. 12 2. Vellore Citizens' Welfare Forum v. Union Of India (Supreme Court of India, 1996) …………………………………………………………………………………19 3. Dr. Mohiuddin Farooque and another v. Bangladesh (Supreme Court of Bangladesh, 1997)................................................................................................................. 26 4. M.C. Mehta v. Union of India & Others (Supreme Court of India 2004) ........ 40 5. Santosh Mittal vs State Of Rajasthan And Ors. (The High Court of Judicature for Rajasthan 2004) .................................................................................................................... 47 6. Advisory Opinion: Whether the Supervision of and Assistance to Public and Private Waste Cleanup and Disposal Organs is Unconstitutional? (Taiwan Constitutional Court 2006) …………………………………………………………………………………54 7. Naewonsa Temple v. Korea Rail Network Authority (Supreme Court of Korea 2006) …………………………………………………………………………………58 8. Arnold v Minister Administering the Water Management Act 2000 (High Court of Australia 2010)...................................................................................................................... 62 9. Mendaing v. Ramu Nico Management (National Court of Justice for Papua New Guinea, 2011) ........................................................................................................................ 67 10. Pro Public v Godavari Marble Industries Pvt. Ltd. and Others (Supreme Court of Nepal 2015) .......................................................................................................................... 78 11. Teitiota v Ministry of Business Innovation and Employment (Supreme Court of New Zealand 2015) ............................................................................................................. 101 12. Raub Australian Gold Mining v. Hue Shieh Lee (Court of Appeal, Malaysia 2016) ………………………………………………………………………………..103 13. Salim v. State of Uttarakhand (High Court of Uttarakhand at Nainital 2017) 107 14. Miglani v. State of Uttarakhand & others (High Court of Uttarakhand at Nainital 2017) ………………………………………………………………………………..113 15. Ashgar Leghari v. Federation of Pakistan (Lahore High Court, 2018). ........... 122 B. Central and South America and the Caribbean ...................................................... 132 1. Pablo Miguel Fabián Martínez Y Otros (Tribunal Constitucional de Peru, 2006) (La Oroya) ………………………………………………………………………………..132 2. Beatriz Silvia Mendoza and others v. National State of Argentina (Supreme Court of Argentina 2008) .............................................................................................................. 150 3. Padilla Gutierrez, Clara Emilia y otros, todos en su condición de vecinos de lugares aledaños al Parque Nacional Marino Las Baulas de Guanacaste c/ SETENA, Secretaria Técnica Nacional Ambiental (Corte Suprema de Justicia de Costa Rica, Sala Constitucional 2008) ………………………………………………………………………………..162 4. Domitila Rosario Piche Osorio, conocida por Domitila Rosario Piche Estrada, en contra del Ministro y de la Viceministra del Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales, (Sala de lo Constitucional de la Corte Suprema de Justicia, El Salvador, 2010) ............................. 168 5. Expediente sobre permisos de mineras a cielo abierto en los sitos de la UNESCO (Superior Tribunal de Justicia de Argentina, 2010) ............................................................ 175 6. La Camaronera en la Reserva Ecológica (Corte Constitucional del Ecuador, 2015) ………………………………………………………………………………..188 C. Africa ...................................................................................................................... 195 1. Gbemre v Shell Petroleum Development Company Nigeria Limited and Others (Federal High Court, Nigeria 2005) .................................................................................... 195 2. Earthlife Africa Johannesburg v Minister of Environmental Affairs (High Court of South Africa, Gauteng Division 2017). .............................................................................. 200 D. Europe .................................................................................................................... 210 1. Lopez Ostra v. Spain (European Court of Human Rights, Chamber 1995) ... 210 2. Guerra and Others v Italy (European Court of Human Rights, Grand Chamber 1998) ………………………………………………………………………………..217 3. In the case of Hatton and Others v. the United Kingdom, European Court of Human Rights (Grand Chamber 2003). .............................................................................. 225 4. Kyrtatos v. Greece (European Court of Human Rights, First Section 2003) . 233 5. Fadeyeva v. Russia (European Court of Human Rights, First Section 2005). 237 6. Hamer v. Belgium (European Court of Human Rights, Second Section, 2007) ………………………………………………………………………………..250 7. Borysiewicz v. Poland (European Court of Human Rights, Fourth Section 2008) ………………………………………………………………………………..257 8. International Federation for Human Rights v. Greece (European Committee of Social Rights, 2013) ............................................................................................................ 260 9. Jugheli and Others v. Georgia (European Court of Human Rights Fifth Section, 2017) ………………………………………………………………………………..279 10. O’Sullivan McCarthy Mussel Development Ltd v. Ireland (European Court of Human Rights, Chamber 2018) .......................................................................................... 287 11. Bursa Barosu Başkanlığı and Others v. Turkey (European Court of Human Rights, Chamber, 2018)................................................................................................................... 297 12. Netherlands v. Urgenda Foundation, (The Hague Court of Appeal, 2018). ..... 300 E. North America ........................................................................................................ 316 1. Juliana v. United States (United States Federal District Court for the District of Oregon 2016) ...................................................................................................................... 316 2. Pennsylvania Environmental Defense Foundation v. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, 161 A.3d 911 (Supreme Court of Pennsylvania 2017) ................................ 320 3. In Re Application of Maui Electric Company (Sierra Club v. Public Utility Commission of Hawai’i) (Supreme Court of Hawai‘i 2017) . Error! Bookmark not defined. Section II: Reports ...................................................................................................................... 336 A. United Nations: Report of the Independent Expert on the issue of human rights obligations relating to the enjoyment of a safe, clean, healthy and sustainable environment. 336 Section III: Sample Provisions of Environmental Constitutionalism ........................................ 360 A. Substantive Environmental Rights ......................................................................... 360 B. Procedural Environmental Rights .......................................................................... 362 Section IV: Bibliography ............................................................................................................ 364 A. Cases ...................................................................................................................... 364 B. Secondary Sources ................................................................................................. 376 "[A] judge today must be conscious and alive to the beauty and magnificence of nature, the interconnectedness of life systems on this planet and the interdependence of ecosystems. " Syed Mansoor Ali Shah, CJ Asghar Leghari v. Federation of Pakistan, 2018 Case Summaries1 Asia Pacific * 1. Juan Antonio, Anna Rosario and Jose Alfonso Oposa & Others v. The Honorable Fulgencio S. Factoran, Jr., (Supreme Court of the Philippines, 1993). The court recognized the principle of intergenerational justice and granted standing to petitioners, who represented their generation and generations of unborn Filipinos in a petition opposing timber license agreements. Virender Gaur and Ors. v State of Haryama and Ors (Supreme Court of India, 1995). The appellant surrendered 25% of her land to her municipality, which was a condition for her to construct a building. The law required that the surrendered land be reserved for open space for better sanitation and environment. The government granted a 99-year lease and a building was constructed on the site. The court held that the environment had within its ambit hygienic atmosphere and ecological balance. The court found it was the duty of the State to shed its unbridled sovereign power and to forge an
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