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(Guiyu Oneiros)⭥㚵㔎 㾯㲍 ͙఩⻽႒: ౜⤯⻽႒ 2010 Ꭰじ40 ࢣじ9 ᱋: 1191 ~ 1203 《中国科学》》杂志社 www.scichina.com earth.scichina.com SCIENCE CHINA PRESS 䆎 ᭛ 䐟㒕ギ㧃峃䈄㏁㗯⿤⺎䈄(Guiyu oneiros)⭥㚵㔎 㾯㲍 த෨èé, ᅋਖ਼è* ķ Ё೑⾥ᄺ䰶স㛞Ợࡼ⠽ϢসҎ㉏ⷨお᠔, 㛞Ợࡼ⠽䖯࣪㋏㒳ᄺ䞡⚍ᅲ偠ᅸ, ࣫Ҁ 100044; ĸ Ё೑⾥ᄺ䰶ⷨお⫳䰶, ࣫Ҁ 100049 * 㘨㋏Ҏ, E-mail: [email protected] ᬊ〓᮹ᳳ: 2010-04-06; ᥹ফ᮹ᳳ: 2010-07-13 ೑ᆊ䞡⚍෎⸔ⷨおথሩ䅵ߦ乍Ⳃ(㓪ো: 2006CB806400)ǃЁ೑⾥ᄺ䰶ⶹ䆚߯ᮄᎹ⿟乍Ⳃ(㓪ো: KZCX2-YW-156)ǃ೑ᆊ㞾✊⾥ᄺ෎䞥(ᡍޚ ো: 40930208)੠Ё೑⾥ᄺ䰶ǃ೑ᆊ໪೑ϧᆊሔ߯ᮄಶ䯳೑䰙ড়԰ӭԈ䅵ߦ䌘ࡽ ဨ(Guiyu oneiros Zhu et al., 2009)ԅ෈Ϧ໹ൟඋ ݇䬂䆡ڦफ໸kਲ਼ܸؤ೭ॴఝᴚဨफݮޚᨬ㽕 ·ำ ဨc͊঄ဨ(Psarolepis)ۤ ఝᴚဨफڦဨᄆຂ(ͧࣳڦႏ. ำᄯၽٲ໸಴ۤՄުԅઝ঴ڀჸ, ͧࣳ঴Մԅ੧ᄩ ဨफڀ࿷ ᅣѢဨ(Onychodus)cํࣄဨcࣂݿဨफྻۤڶ໸಴. ඹڀࣄဨ(Achoania))ᄯ݋؏ॴ঴Մԅ੧ᄩํ ગ঴໹ൟ ဨफԅၐಳඋჸēڀ࣡஍෌ͧถಾ࿷ڀݧ஍౨᭄ڀ࣡஍΄ၘ܊ෳΐࣄ܊ :׵ᴚဨफԅΑࠀມವރ ලၗ ޠᅣѢဨݾ ᄝঝރ঄ဨcํࣄဨྻ͊ۤٲဨԅ౑Լ௕ࠒڦ .ٲωׄලၗࠒڀఝᴚဨफۤ׵ᴚဨफᄯԅब ڳࠋ. ူཷೆဨ(Youngolepis)ۤ୥࿓ဨ ᄯڑဨ֟၂ԅ঴޷ڦนອഛ. ֟Ӓԅ঴ຏݴؘᆂ௕ࢶટࠃವॴ ࢬڕೆဨۤࣄ঄ဨफ(porolepiforms)ྡྷᄡ, ΐ࣡ཷူ .ތٮ႕ڟؘᆂ௕࡮ϢڀDiabolepis)ອ࠭, ल) .ဨᄆຂԅ٫࠭࿈໿ᅱڦࠋ౭஍҉ݧสဟලྡྷഃ଼ಾڑ࠭ΐકઝЇ. Ҝ඘ࣄสဟગ঴౑ Ṻᑏ儐剐(Guiyu oneiros)[1]থ⦄Ѣѥफᖫ⬭㑾㔫 㓽ᇣ. 䖭ѯসҷ剐㉏ݐ݋⹀偼剐㉏੠݊Ҫ᳝习㉏ⱘ ᖋ⋯ϪഄሖЁ, Ў៥Ӏᦤկњ᥶㋶㙝务剐㉏䡈߿⡍ ᶤѯ⡍ᕕ, Ўⷨお䖭ѯ⡍ᕕⱘᵕ৥Ϣⓨ࣪ᦤկњ䞡 ᕕⓨ࣪乎ᑣⱘ䞡㽕㒓㋶[2], ݊ℷൟᷛᴀЎᏆⶹ᳔স㗕 㽕䆕᥂[15~17]. ሑㅵབℸ, ⬅Ѣ⹀偼剐㒆ⱘᮽᳳ⾡㉏ ⱘ䖥Тᅠᭈⱘ⹀偼剐㉏࣪⷇. ϔӊབℸᅠᭈⱘ⹀偼 ໻໮ֱᄬϡܼ, ϡᇥሲ⾡ᇮ᳾ᓔሩ⏅ܹⱘ↨䕗㾷ࠪ 剐㉏࣪⷇೼ᖫ⬭㋏Ё㹿থ⦄ᰃߎҎᛣ᭭ⱘ, ಴Ўℸ ᄺⷨお, ᠔ҹ⹀偼剐㉏ⱘ䍋⑤Ϣᮽᳳⓨ࣪ҡ⭥⚍䞡 ࠡᖫ⬭㑾⹀偼剐㉏࣪⷇䆄ᔩ䛑ᴹ㞾Ѣϔѯ䳊ᬷ࣪⷇, 䞡. བ劲⠛੠⠭啓[3~10]. 儐剐ᅠᭈᷛᴀⱘথ⦄䖬䆕ᅲњℸ Пࠡⱘⷨお᡹ਞҙᇍṺᑏ儐剐ⱘ䞡㽕⡍ᕕ㒘ড় ࠡḍ᥂䳊ᬷ偼⠛ᇍ᭥劲剐ⱘ໡ॳ[11]. 䖯㸠њㅔ㽕ᦣ䗄, ㋏㒳থ㚆ߚᵤᰒ⼎儐剐ǃ᭥劲剐੠ 䭓ᳳҹᴹ, 㙝务剐㉏Ϣ䕤务剐㉏П䯈, ҹঞ⹀偼 ᮴ᄨ剐݅ৠᵘ៤ϔϾᇮ᳾ੑৡⱘऩ㋏㉏㕸ü儐剐ᬃ 剐㉏Ϣ݊Ҫ᳝习㉏П䯈ഛᄬ೼ⴔᎼ໻ⱘᔶᗕᄺ吓≳. ㋏[1]. ᴀ᭛ᇚḍ᥂ϔѯᮄׂ⧚ⱘߚᬷֱᄬⱘᷛᴀ(ࣙ 䖛এ 10 ᑈ, 䖭ѯ吓≳⬅Ѣϔ㋏߫䇌བ᭥劲剐ǃ㟠劲 ᣀϔѯПࠡ᡹ᇐ䖛ⱘᷛᴀ)ᇍ儐剐ⱘ㛥乙ᔶᗕ䖯㸠䆺 剐(Ligulalepis)੠Dialipinaⱘ࣪⷇ᮄথ⦄[11~14]㗠ᕫҹ 㒚ᦣ䗄, ᑊ佪⃵೼儐剐ᬃ㋏Ёᘶ໡њ乙乊ⱘ㝰䋼偼 ᓩ⫼Ḑᓣ: Qiao T, Zhu M. Cranial morphology of the Silurian sarcopterygian Guiyu oneiros (Gnathostomata: Osteichthyes). Sci China Earth Sci, 2010, doi: 10.1007/s11430-010-4089-6 Шཹㄝ: ᖫ⬭㑾㙝务剐㉏Ṻᑏ儐剐(Guiyu oneiros)ⱘ㛥乙ᔶᗕ ൟᓣ. ᴀ᭛䆄䗄ⱘ᠔᳝ᷛᴀഛᴹ㞾ѥफⳕ᳆䴪Ꮦᖫ (Glyptolepis)੠ܼ㼊剐(Holoptychius)[22])Ё, 㛥乙ৢ䚼 ⬭㑾㔫ᖋ⋯Ϫᰮᳳ݇ᑩ㒘ⱘ⊹䋼♄ችЁ[1]. ḍ᥂儐剐 ๲䭓, ᇐ㟈乊⬆੠ৢ乊⬆䭓ᑺ↨ഛᇣѢ 1.0. 㗠೼݊ .ᦤկⱘᮄֵᙃ, ៥Ӏ䖬ᇚ䅼䆎ⴊࠡ偼੠⊾偼೼䕤务 Ҫᮽᳳ㙝务剐㉏(བ᭥劲剐)Ё, 乊⬆ഛ↨ৢ乊⬆䭓 剐㉏੠㙝务剐㉏Ёⱘৠ⑤݇㋏. ᴀ᭛䞛⫼Westoll[18] 䕗儐剐᳈ॳྟⱘᓹ᳐剐(Meemannia)[23]੠ᮽᳳ䕤务剐 ⱘᴃ䇁㋏㒳, ҙᰃЎњ੠Ⳃࠡ໻໮᭄᭛ゴЁⱘ⫼⊩ ㉏[24]ৠḋ݋᳝Ⳍᇍ䕗䭓ⱘ㛥乙ࠡ䚼. ಴ℸ, ៥Ӏ䅸Ў ϔ㟈. 儐剐᥹䖥ㄝ䭓ⱘ乊⬆੠ৢ乊⬆ৃ㛑ᰃϔ⾡䕗䖯ℹⱘ ⢊ᗕ. 1 㚵㔎㶃⹨峡 乊⬆䭓ᆑ໻㟈Ⳍৠ, ᑊ೼ⴊৢさ(postorbital corner)໘䖒ࠄ᳔ᆑ. ৢ乊⬆৥ৢবᆑ, ೼Ϟ乲偼 1.1 㔎Ⰶジ⭥〚⡟㲹䎘 (supratemporal)੠ᵓ偼(tabular)偼㓱໘䖒ࠄ᳔ᆑ, ৥ ೼ℷൟᷛᴀ(IVPP V15541)Ϟ, 乙乊⬆ֱᄬᅠᭈ, ৢজ䗤⏤বじ. ৢ乊⬆ৢ㓬䖥ѢᑇⳈ, Ё䯈⬹৥ৢさ 乊⬆੠ৢ乊⬆㹿乙䯈݇㡖ߚᓔ, ᘏ䭓㑺 4.5 cm(೒ ߎ. 1(a)). ⬅ѢফࠄϞϟ᣸य़, 㗠Ϩਏッ৥ϟᔃ᳆, ℷൟ 儐剐乙乊偼⠛᭄Ⳃ䕗ᇥ, 䖭ৃ㛑ᰃॳྟ㙝务剐 ᷛᴀϞⱘ乊⬆↨䳊ᬷᷛᴀ(೒ 2 ੠ 3)ᰒⷁᆑ. 䳊ᬷᷛ ㉏ⱘ⡍ᕕ. 㝰䋼偼㸼䴶㹿⹀劲䋼(ganoine)ᔶ៤ⱘϡ㾘 ᴀЁ, 乊⬆䭓 1.9~2.0 cm. ℷൟᷛᴀϞ乊⬆੠ৢ乊⬆ ߭㷩㰿⢊㉫ፈ(೒ 1, 2, 4(a), 4(b)੠ 5(a))㽚Ⲫ. ⹀劲䋼 䭓ᑺ↨㑺Ў 1.0, 䆹↨ؐ䕗᭥劲剐ⱘ(1.6~1.7)⬹ᇣ[19]. ᰃ㝰䋼偼㸼䴶ⱘ㽚Ⲫሖ, ⬅ऩሖ៪໮ሖ䞝䋼㒘៤, ᰃ ೼⟾啓剐㉏ [20,21]੠䖯ℹⱘᄨ劲剐㉏(՟བ䲩劲剐 Ԣㄝ䕤务剐㉏ⱘ⡍ᕕ[14,24,26~29]. ✊㗠, Ϣ⹀劲䋼ⳌԐ (a) (b) mR Pmx ano lR pno Pro Na1 So Na2 ioc Dsph Pr pi Pa soc It lc St Ppa Ta Eta Et mpl ppl 5 mm ೒ 1 Ṻᑏ儐剐(Guiyu oneiros Zhu et al., 2009) (a) ༈䚼ᬒ໻೒, 㚠㾚, ℷൟᷛᴀ V15541. (b) ḍ᥂᠔᳝ᴤ᭭ᕫߎⱘ乙乊⬆໡ॳ. ano, ࠡ໪唏ᄨ; Dsph, 㝰䋼㵊㘇偼; Et, ໪乲偼; Eta, 䰘໪乲 偼; It, 䯈乲偼; ioc, ⴊϟᛳ㾝ㅵ; lc, Џջ㒓ㅵ; lR, ջਏ偼; mpl, Ёߍ㒓; mR, Ёਏ偼; Na1, 唏偼 1; Na2, 唏偼 2; Pmx, ࠡϞ习偼; Pa, 乊偼; pi, ᵒᵰᄨ; pno, ৢ໪唏ᄨ; Ppa, ৢ乊偼; ppl, ৢߍ㒓; Pr, ৢਏ偼; Pro, ⴊࠡ偼; So, ⴊϞ偼; soc, ⴊϞᛳ㾝ㅵ; St, Ϟ乲偼; Ta, ᵓ偼 1192 Ё೑⾥ᄺ: ഄ⧗⾥ᄺ 2010 ᑈ ㄀ 40 ो ㄀ 9 ᳳ ⱘ㒧ᵘ೼Ậ剐㉏੠㙝务剐㉏Ёг᳝থ⦄, 䇈ᯢ⹀劲 劲剐ⱘ䖥M ᔶ ( ೒ 4(d)) П䯈. ࠡϞ习偼(Pmx, 䋼ৃ㛑ᰃ⹀偼剐㉏ݴ㕸ⱘ⼪ᕕ[30]. Schultze[8]ᣛߎ䕤 premaxillary; ೒ 4(a), 4(b), 6 ੠ 7(a)~(c))೼Ёਏ偼 务剐㉏Ё݌ൟⱘ⹀劲䋼੠㙝务剐㉏ᭈ߫ሖЁⱘ䞝䋼 (median rostral ϟᮍЁ㒓Ⳍ᥹, ᑊᇚЁਏ偼ᥦ䰸೼Ϟ ϡৠ, ࠡ㗙㸼䴶᳝ߌ䍋៪ᇣ⯸⚍(microtubercles), ৢ 习䖍㓬П໪, Ϣᮽᳳ䕤务剐㉏[24] ǃᴼ⇣剐[32] ǃ 㗙㸼䴶߭ᰒ⬅Ⳍ䚏㒚㚲䖍⬠᠔ᔶ៤ⱘ݁䖍ᔶߍഥ. Powichthys[33,34]੠݊Ҫ㙝务剐㉏ݴ㕸ⳌԐ. ࠡϞ习偼 Ԛ䖭ѯᏂᓖᑊϡ៾✊, ಴Ўϔѯ䕤务剐㉏( བ ਜᏺ⢊, 催ᑺ৥ৢջᮍ䗦๲, Ⳉࠄջਏ偼(lateral Cheirolepis trailli[30])ⱘ⹀劲䋼гϡ݋໛ᇣ⯸⚍㒧ᵘ. rostral)੠ⴊࠡ偼(preorbital)ⱘ偼㓱, ৥ৢজ䗤⏤বԢ, 儐剐ⱘ⹀劲䋼㸼䴶੠݊Ҫ㙝务剐㉏෎ᑆ㉏ൟ[11,13,19,23,31] Ⳉࠄⴊࠡ偼Пϟ. 䖭ᰃ੠᭥劲剐ⱘϔϾ䞡㽕Ꮒᓖ: ೼ ⱘ䞝䋼㸼䴶ᰃ৺݋᳝ᇣ⯸⚍㒧ᵘ䖬᳝ᕙѢ䖯ϔℹ㾖 ᭥劲剐Ё, ࠡϞ习偼催ᑺ৥ৢջᮍϔⳈ䗦๲, ᑊᔶ៤ ᆳ. ⴊࠡさ(pr. Pro, preorbital process; ೒ 4(d))ࣙೈৢ໪ 唏ᄨৢ㓬. Ϣ᭥劲剐੠⟾啓剐ⳌԐ, ࠡϞ习偼݋᳝ϸ 1.2 㚵㔎㣑⤠㚅䐫⹨ ⾡ϡৠ㉏ൟⱘ⠭啓. ࠡϞ习偼㝍㓬݋ϔᥦ䕗໻ⱘ䫹 㱑✊ℷൟᷛᴀϞⳟϡࠄ偼㓱(೒ 1(a)), Ԛ೼䳊ᬷ ᔶ⠭啓, ⠭啓໻ᇣ೼ϡৠ䚼ԡ᳝Ꮒᓖ, ᭈԧϞ↨᭥劲 ⱘ乊⬆ᷛᴀ(೒ 2, 3)Ϟৃҹ⏙Ἦഄ㾖ᆳࠄ偼㓱੠偼⠛ 剐੠᮴ᄨ剐Ёⱘ᳈㑸㒚. ࠡϞ习偼ৢջ䚼ⱘ⠭啓 ⱘ偼࣪Ёᖗ. ᥂ℸ៥Ӏ䞡ᓎњ儐剐乊⬆ⱘ㝰䋼偼ൟ (t.Pmx; ೒ 6(d))ḍ䚼῾៾䴶ਜじⱘἁ೚ᔶ, ᅗӀ↨䴴 ᓣ(೒ 1(b)). 䖥Ё㒓ⱘ⠭啓᳈䭓. ೼䖭ᥦ䕗໻⠭啓ⱘ㚠ջ, ϔᥦᇣ Ңࠡջⳟ, Ϟ习啓㓬Ё䯈ᯢᰒさߎ(೒ 4(a)੠ ⠭䭊ጠ೼ࠡϞ习偼㸼䴶㉫ፈ㒍佄ⱘ䖍㓬. 4(b)), 啓㓬䕂ᒧҟѢ᮴ᄨ剐ⱘ䖥ᑇⳈᔶ(೒ 4(c))੠᭥ Ёਏ偼(mR, ೒ 1(b), 3(a)~(e), 4(b)੠ 5(b))オ⨈⢊, ೒ 2 Ṻᑏ儐剐(Guiyu oneiros Zhu et al., 2009)✻⠛ (a)~(e) 㛥乙ࠡ䚼㚠㾚; (a) V15542.1; (b) V15542.17; (c) V15542.2; (d) V15542.3; (e) V15542.19. (f) 㛥乙ৢ䚼㚠㾚, V15542.6 1193 Шཹㄝ: ᖫ⬭㑾㙝务剐㉏Ṻᑏ儐剐(Guiyu oneiros)ⱘ㛥乙ᔶᗕ Pmx (a) (b) (c) mR lR mR ano mR lR Pmx pno lR Na1 Na1 Pro So Na1 So Pro Na2 Pro So Na2 So soc soc Pr Dsph Na2 Pr Dsph ioc Pr ioc Pr Dsph soc ioc pi pi Pa pi Pa Pa It It It 5 mm 5 mm 5 mm (d) (e) (f) mR Pmx lR Pmx mR Pro Na1 So soc St Na1 Na2 So Pro Pr Na2 Dsph ioc soc Ppa Ta Dsph pi ioc Pr mpl Pa It Pa ppl pi It 5 mm 5 mm 5 mm ೒ 3 Ṻᑏ儐剐(Guiyu oneiros Zhu et al., 2009)㒓ᴵ೒ (a)~(e) 㛥乙ࠡ䚼㚠㾚; (a) V15542.1; (b) V15542.17; (c) V15542.2; (d) V15542.3; (e) V15542.19. (f) 㛥乙ৢ䚼㚠㾚, V15542.6. 㓽⬹䆡㾕೒ 1 ৥ࠡᦦܹϸࠡϞ习偼П䯈, ऴ᥂㑺 1/4 ⱘ乊⬆䭓ᑺ. Ё㒓Ⳍ᥹, Ϣಯ䎇ࡼ⠽Ё剐⷇㵜(Ichthyostega)[43]੠ Ϣ᭥劲剐[19]੠᮴ᄨ剐[13]ϡৠ, Ёਏ偼ϡ݋ᇣ啓, ϡ Ậ㵜(Acanthostega)[44]ⱘᚙމϔ㟈. ೼݊Ҫॳྟ㙝务 খϢᵘ៤Ϟ习啓㓬. Ёਏ偼໪ջ৥ݙߍ, Ϣջਏ偼੠ 剐㉏Ё, 唏偼㒣ᐌ㹿ৢਏ偼ߚᓔ, ᠔ҹ儐剐੠ಯ䎇ࡼ 唏偼 1 Ⳍ᥹, ৢ㓬ᣅᔶ. ⠽ⱘ䖭ϔⳌԐᑨЎᑇ㸠䖯࣪. ջਏ偼(lR, ೒ 1(b), 3(a)~(e), 4(b)੠ 5(b))ϢࠡϞ ⴊϞ偼(So, supraorbital; ೒ 1(b), 3(a)~(e), 4(b)੠ 习偼Ⳍ᥹, ᑊҢ㝍ջࣙೈࠡ໪唏ᄨ(ano, anterior 5(b))ԡѢ唏偼໪ջ, ᔶ⢊ব࣪䕗໻, খϢᵘ៤ৢ໪唏 nostril; ೒ 1(b), 3(a)~(e), 4(b)੠ 5(b)). Ϣ᭥劲剐੠᮴ ᄨ(posterior nostril)ⱘ㚠㓬. ৢ໪唏ᄨᓔষ৥ࠡ㚠ջ, ᄨ剐Ⳍৠ, ࠡ໪唏ᄨ䕗໻, ॉ೚ᔶ, ԡѢ乊⬆㚠ջ. ೼ℷൟᷛᴀϞֱᄬϡᅠᭈ(೒ 1(a)), Ԛ೼䳊ᬷᷛᴀϞ 儐剐㔎༅㝰䋼䯈さ(dermintermedial process), 䖭Ϣ⟾ ৃҹҢ乙乊ⳟࠄৢ໪唏ᄨ(pno, ೒ 1, 2(a)~(e), 啓剐[20]ǃ㵊᷅剐(Styloichthys [35]ǃᄨ劲剐㉏[22,36]੠䕤 3(a)~(e), 4(b)੠ 5), ԡ㕂↨݊Ҫᮽᳳ㙝务剐㉏᳈䴴㚠 务剐㉏[24] ⳌԐ. 㝰䋼䯈さ೼ಯ䎇ᔶࡼ⠽(Tetrapo- ջ. domorpha)[37,38]੠ϔѯॳྟ㙝务剐㉏(՟བ᭥劲剐[19]ǃ ೼㛥乙ջ䴶, ࠡϞ习偼㚠ջ᳝ϔϝ㾦ᔶ偼⠛, ៥ ᮴ᄨ剐[13] ǃᴼ⇣剐[32] ǃ༛ᓖ剐[39-41] ੠ Powich- Ӏ䡈ᅮЎⴊࠡ偼(Pro, ೒ 1(b), 3(a)~(e), 4(b)੠ 5(b)). thys[33,34,42])Ёᄬ೼. ⴊࠡ偼㚠ջϢջਏ偼੠ⴊϞ偼Ⳍ᥹, ᑊࣙೈৢ໪唏 ϸᇍ唏偼(nasal 1 ੠nasal 2)ԡѢࠡ໪唏ᄨЁৢջ. ᄨ. ⴊࠡ偼ⱘৠ⑤݇㋏ᇚ೼ৢ᭛Ё䅼䆎. 唏偼 1 Ϣջਏ偼໻ᇣⳌԐ, ᵘ៤ࠡ໪唏ᄨⱘ㚠㓬. ⴊ ৢਏ偼(Pr, postrostral; ೒ 1(b)੠ 3(a)~(e))ԡѢ唏 Ϟᛳ㾝ㅵ(soc, supraorbital canal; ೒ 1(b), 3(a)~(e), 偼ৢջ, Ў໮䖍ᔶ偼⠛. ৢਏ偼ⱘ᭄Ⳃ੠ᔶ⢊೼ϡৠ 5(b))こ䖛唏偼 2, Ԛ偼⠛Ϟⱘ⹀劲ፈ䖲㓁. 唏偼 2 ೼ ᷛᴀϞ᳝ᕜ໻ব࣪. ೼ᷛᴀ V15542.1(೒ 2(a)੠ 3(a)) 1194 Ё೑⾥ᄺ: ഄ⧗⾥ᄺ 2010 ᑈ ㄀ 40 ो ㄀ 9 ᳳ Na1 Na2 mR ano (a) (b) lR Dsph So pno Pro 5 mm Pmx (c) (d) ano ano pno pr.Pro pno Pmx Pmx ೒ 4 㛥乙ࠡ䚼ࠡ㾚 (a), (b) Ṻᑏ儐剐, ✻⠛(a)੠㋴ᦣ(b), V15542.1; (c) ᮴ᄨ剐, 㾕᭛⤂[25]; (d) ᭥劲剐, 㾕᭛⤂[19]. pr. Pro, ࠡϞ习偼ⴊࠡさ. ݊Ҫ㓽⬹䆡㾕೒ 1 Ϟ, 㟇ᇥᄬ೼ϝϾৢਏ偼; ೼ᷛᴀ V15542.17(೒ 2(b) こ . ⴊϟᛳ㾝ㅵ(ioc, infraorbital canal; ೒ 1(b)੠ ੠ 3(b)) Ϟ , া᳝ϔϾᇣⱘৢਏ偼; ೼ᷛᴀ 3(a)~(e))ৃ㛑੠ⴊϞㅵ೼ਏ䚼⊓偼㓱Ⳍ䖲, Ϣᴼ⇣剐 V15542.2(೒ 2(c)੠ 3(c))Ϟ, ৢਏ偼㔎༅; ೼ᷛᴀ ⳌԐ. Ԛᰃ䖭⾡߸ᮁ䳔㽕 CT ᠿᦣ᭄᥂ⱘᬃᣕ. ⴊϞ V15542.3(೒ 2(d)੠ 3(d))Ϟ, ϔϾ䕗໻ⱘৢਏ偼ᦦܹ ㅵ೼Ёਏ偼ৢ㓬৥ϸջߚ⾏ᑊこ䖛唏偼 2 ੠乊偼, ೼ 唏偼 2 П䯈, ݊ࠡ㓬໻㑺Ϣⴊᄨ(om, orbital margin; 乊⬆ৢ㓬໘㒧ᴳ. Ϣ㵊᷅剐੠ᴼ⇣剐ϡৠ, ⴊϞㅵϡ ೒ 6)Ё㒓ԡѢৠϔ∈ᑇ; ೼ᷛᴀ V15542.19(೒ 2(e) ਜオ⨈⢊. ⴊϟㅵ੠Џջ㒓ㅵ(lc, main lateral-line ੠ 3(e))Ϟ, ಯϾᇣⱘৢਏ偼䭊ጠ೼唏偼 2 Пৢ. canal; ೒ 1(b)੠ 5(b))೼㝰䋼㵊㘇偼ⱘ偼࣪Ёᖗ໘Ⳍ 乊偼(Pa, parietal; ೒ 1(b), 3(a)~(e)੠ 5(b))䕗໻, 䖲. 乊⬆Ϟ᳾㾕ߍ㒓. ԡѢৢਏ偼੠唏偼Пৢ. 乊偼ࠡ㓬ࠄ䖒ⴊৢさ(ptoc, 1.3 㚵㔎⽔⤠㚅䐫⹨ ೒ 6(c)). ᵒᵰᄨ(pi, pineal foramen; ೒ 1(b)੠ 3(a)~(e)) 䕗ᇣ, ೚ᔶ, ԡѢⴊᄨПৢ, ᑊ㹿乊偼ᅠܼࣙೈ. ৢ乊⬆ⱘ䳊ᬷᷛᴀϞ(V15542.4~6, 21)ৃ㾕ϝᇍ 乊偼໪ջϢ㝰䋼㵊㘇偼(Dsph, dermosphenotic; 偼⠛(೒ 1, 2(f)੠ 3(f)): ৢ乊偼ǃϞ乲偼੠ᵓ偼. ৢ乊 ೒ 1(b), 3(a)~(e), 4(b)੠ 5(b))੠䯈乲偼(It, intertem- 偼(Ppa, postparietal; ೒ 1, 2(f)੠ 3(f))㒚䭓, ৢ㓬䕗ࠡ poral; ೒ 1(b), 3(a)~(e)੠ 5(b))Ⳍ᥹. 㝰䋼㵊㘇偼䕗໻, 㓬⬹ᆑ, ໪ջ೼Ϟ乲偼੠ᵓ偼䖲᥹໘৥໪さ. Ϣᓹ᳐ [23] [14] [12, 45] ᵘ៤ⴊᄨ㚠㓬. 䯈乲偼㒚䭓, ࠡ㓬বじϢ㝰䋼㵊㘇偼 剐 ǃDialipina ੠㟠劲剐 ⳌԐ, ৢ乊偼䖥Ё㒓 Ⳍ᥹. ໘ৃ㾕ϔᇍЁߍ㒓(mpl, middle pit-line; ೒ 1, 2(f)੠ 乊⬆Ϟᛳ㾝ㅵ㋏㒳ֱᄬ䴲ᐌᅠད. ⴊϞᛳ㾝ㅵ 3(f))੠ϔᇍৢߍ㒓(ppl, posterior pit-line; ೒ 1, 2(f)੠ ⇣ᭈԧ䕂ᒧਜֱ啘⧗⫊⢊. ⴊϞㅵࠡ䚼䴴䖥Ё㒓, ϢЁ 3(f)). Ёǃৢߍ㒓ԡ㕂䛑䕗䴴ৢ, 䖭Ϣ᭥劲剐ǃᴼ ਏ偼ջ㓬偼㓱䞡ড়. Ϣ᭥劲剐ǃ᮴ᄨ剐੠݊Ҫ㙝务剐 剐ǃPowichthys੠༛ᓖ剐[39]ⳌԐ, 㗠Ϣᄨ劲剐㉏[22]੠ ㉏ⳌԐ, ⴊϞㅵԡѢϸϾࠡ໪唏ᄨП䯈. ೼䕤务剐㉏ ⟾啓剐㉏[20,21]ϡৠ. ৢ乊偼Ϟ᳾㾕ⴊϞᛳ㾝ㅵ੠ࠡ Ё, ⴊϞㅵ䗮ᐌ೼ࠡᮍ໪ሩᑊҢࠡǃৢ໪唏ᄨП䯈䌃 ߍ㒓(anterior pit-line). ೼䕤务剐㉏Ё, ৢ乊偼Ϟৃ 1195 Шཹㄝ: ᖫ⬭㑾㙝务剐㉏Ṻᑏ儐剐(Guiyu oneiros)ⱘ㛥乙ᔶᗕ [24] 㾕ࠡߍ㒓 . (a) ৢ乊偼໪ջЎ䰘ⴔЏջ㒓ㅵⱘϞ乲偼(St; ೒ 1, 2(f)੠ 3(f))੠ᵓ偼(Ta; ೒ 1, 2(f)੠ 3(f))ࣙೈ. ᵓ偼Ϟ ≵᳝ߍ㒓, 䖭੠᭥劲剐[19]੠᮴ᄨ剐[13]ϔ㟈, Ϣᴼ⇣ 剐[32]ǃPowichthys[33,34]੠ᄨ劲剐㉏[22]ϡৠ.
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