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Grundkurs Raditex AB Göran Hasse Unix Grundkurs Raditex AB Göran Hasse april 1996 PREFACE.TXT G Hasse - Kap 0 Sida 1 - Copyright (c) 1995 Raditex AB I sin strävan att göra nyttig och praktisk kursdokumentation försöker Raditex AB Utbildning ständigt att förbättra dokumentationen. Vi gör en tydlig skillnad mellan facklitteratur och kursdokumentation inom området. Facklitteratur måste vara komplett samt ge en allmän översikt över ett större område. Kursdokumentationen ska belysa det- ta område samt vara specifik. Speciellt ska kursdokumentationen spegla den praktiska vardagen man möter när man arbetar inom ett specifikt område. Detta innebär att kursdokumentation presenterar verkliga konfigura- tionsfiler och ger mängder av praktiska tips och ideer. GPL - © - 1998 - Kap 0 Sida 2 - G Hasse INDEX.TXT INNEHÅLLSFÖRTECKNING ============================ Introduktion 0 En introduktion till öppna system 1 En presentation av Raditex 2 Introduktion om Unix och vad Unix är 3 Vad kostar Unix 4 Unix som skiktat operativsystem 5 Vad vi ska lära oss om Unix-kommunikation 6 Definitionen av öppna system 7 Historien om hur Unix kom till 8 Hjälp i Unix 9 Manualen - 1 10 Manualen - 2 11 Manualen - 3 12 Online Help 13 Hjälp i program Kapitel 1 Att logga in 0 Vad innebär det att logga in 1 Vad som händer vid inloggningen 2 Vilka program används 3 Gemensam inloggningsfil 4 Hur du byter password 5 Hur du loggar ut 6 Övningar: Att logga in och ut 7 Lösningar: Att logga in och ut Kapitel 2 Textredigering 0 Editering av text 1 Editorn vi 1 2 Editorn vi 2 3 Editorn vi 3 4 Editorn vi 4 5 Editorn vi 5 6 Editorn ed 1 7 Editorn ed 2 8 Editorn ed 3 9 Editorn ed 4 10 Automatredigering med ed 11 Exempel: Automatredigering av win.ini 12 Editorn Emacs 1 13 Editorn Emacs 2 14 Editorn Emacs 3 15 Editorn Emacs 4 16 Behandling av text 1 17 Behandling av text 2 18 Behandling av text 3 INDEX.TXT G Hasse - Kap 0 Sida 3 - 19 Behandling av text 4 20 Behandling av text 5 21 Behandling av text 6 22 Övningar: texthantering 23 Lösningar: texthantering Kapitel 3 Filsystemet 0 Hantering av filer i filsystemet 1 Viktiga kataloger i filsystemet 2 Filsystemets struktur 3 Namn på filer 4 Filsystemet 1 5 Filsystemet 2 6 Ägare av filer 7 Gruppen för filen 8 Skydd på filer 1 9 Skydd på filer 2 10 Länkar till filer 1 11 Länkar till filer 2 12 Hur man bygger ett filsystem på floppy 13 Filsystem på maskinen 14 Kontroll av filsystemet 15 Övningar: Filsystemet 16 Lösningar: Filsystemet Kapitel 4 Unix-skalen 0 Introduktion till skalen 1 Bourne shell 2 profile - filen 3 C-shell 4 cshrc - filen 5 Historiken 6 Omgivningsvariabler - 1 7 Omgivningsvariabler - 2 8 Filnamnssubstitution 9 Skyddstecken - 1 10 Skyddstecken - 2 11 Omdirigering - 1 12 Omdirigering - 2 13 Omdirigering - 3 14 Pipes - 1 15 Pipes - 2 16 Göra jobb i bakgrunden 17 Att köra jobb i batch 18 Set 19 Variabler 20 Variabelsubstitution 21 Fånga signaler 1 22 Fånga signaler 2 23 Att göra beräkningar 24 Godkända skal 25 Övnignar: Kommandoskal 26 Lösningar: Kommandoskal - Kap 0 Sida 4 - G Hasse INDEX.TXT Kapitel 5 Unix-kommandon 0 1 Eka text echo 1 2 Head - början av en fil 3 Vilken filtyp vi har att göra med 4 Lista filer 5 Räkna ord i filer 6 Aktuell katalog 7 Söka strängar 1 8 Söka strängar 2 9 Leta efter filer 1 10 Leta efter filer 2 11 Stream editor 12 Hur man använder Awk1 13 Hur man använder Awk2 14 Hur man använder Awk3 15 cut 1 16 cut 2 17 Sortering 1 18 Sortering 2 19 Cpio 1 20 Tar 1 21 Tar 2 22 Programutveckling 1 23 Programutveckling 2 24 Programutveckling 3 25 Kompilering av program 1 26 Kompilering av program 2 27 Att använda Make 28 Utskrifter 1 29 Utskrifter 2 30 Utskrifter 3 31 Utskrifter 4 32 Write 1 33 Övningar: Unix kommandon 34 Lösningar: Unix kommandon Kapitel 6 Script programmering 0 Att göra script 1 Skalprogram 1 2 Skalprogram 2 3 Läsa in data 1 4 Läsa in data 2 5 Kontrollstruktur 1 6 Kontrollstruktur 2 7 Kontrollstruktur 3 8 Kontrollstruktur 4 9 Kontrollstruktur 5 10 Kontrollstruktur 6 11 Övningar: Scripts 12 Lösningar: Scripts INDEX.TXT G Hasse - Kap 0 Sida 5 - Kapitel 7 Kommunikation 0 Kommunikation i Unix 1 Unix kommunikation 1 2 Unix kommunikation 2 3 Unix kommunikation 3 4 Unix kommunikation 4 5 Unix kommunikation 5 6 Sända brev 1 7 Sända brev 2 8 Mail kommandot 1 9 Nyhetssystem 10 Filöverföring Kapitel 8 Administration 0 Grundläggande administration 1 Passordsfilen 2 Gruppfilen 3 Processtabellen 1 4 Processtabellen 2 5 Processtabellen 3 6 Att ta backup 7 Inställningar av terminalen 8 Övningar: Administration 9 Lösningar: Administration Kapitel 9 Att använda X-windows 0 Att använda X-windows 1 Hur man startar X-windows 2 Vad X-servern behöver veta vid start 3 Användarens filer 4 Hur man skapar menyer Kapitel 10 Framtiden 0 Något om framtiden 1 Prognosen för Unix 2 Linux - en föregångare 3 FreeBSD - en BSD dialekt 4 Tjänster på Internet 5 Fria program för Unix - Kap 0 Sida 6 - G Hasse INDEX.TXT *********************************************** INDEX.TXT G Hasse - Kap 0 Sida 7 - STUDIEPLAN UNIX Grundkurs 3 dagar ========================== Raditex AB Box 38 138 21 ÄLTA Tel: 08 - 7730148, Fax: 08 - 7730902 [email protected] Välkomna till Raditex kurs: Unix Grundkurs. Lunchraster är 1 timma. Kafferaster är ca 15 min. ====================================================================== Dag 1 ----- 9:00 START Kapitel 1 - Bakgrund Historia, bakgrund, repetition Öppna system Kapitel 2 - Att logga in Övning - Inloggning 10:15 Kaffe Kapitel 3 - Textredigering Övning - Textredigering 12:00-13:00 LUNCH 13:00 START Kapitel 4 - Filsystemet Övning - Filsystemet 14:30 KAFFE Kapitel 5 - Unix-skalen Övning - Unix-skalen 17:00 SLUT ====================================================================== Dag 2 ----- 9:00 START Kapitel 6 - Unix-kommandon Övning - Unix-kommandon 10:15 KAFFE Kapitel 7 - Script program Övning - Script programmering 12:00-13:00 LUNCH 13:00 START Kapitel 8 - Kommunikation Övning - Kommunikation 14:30 KAFFE - Kap 0 Sida 8 - G Hasse KursPlan.txt forts. Kommunikation 17:00 SLUT ====================================================================== Dag 3 ----- 9:00 START Kapitel 9 - Administration Övning - Administration 10:15 KAFFE forts. Administration 12:00-13:00 LUNCH 13:00 START Kapitel 10 - Att använda X-Window Övning - Använda X-Window Kapitel 11 - Framtiden för Unix 14:30 KAFFE Resurser på Internet Linux FreeBSD 17:00 SLUT ====================================================================== <EOF> INTRO.TXT G Hasse - Kap 1 Sida 9 - - Kap 1 Sida 10 - G Hasse INTRO.TXT Kapitel 1 Introduktion 1.0 Öppna system Vad är öppna system? Många leverantörer påstår att de levererar öppna system. Mark- nadsföringen är aggressiv. Hur ska man veta vad som är öppna sys- tem? Definitionerna på öppna system är förmodligen lika många som användarna av öppna system. GPL - © - 1998 OpenSysIntro.txt G Hasse - Kap 1 Sida 11 - Raditex AB ☞ Unix-utbildning ☞ TCP/IP-utbildning ☞ C och C++ utbildning ☞ Konsulting Raditex AB Box 38 138 21 ÄLTA Tel: 08 - 773 0148 Fax: 08 - 773 0902 email: [email protected] OH-Bild 1 - 1 Anteckningar: © Raditex AB - 1998 - Kap 1 Sida 12 - G Hasse RaditexInfo.txt 1.1 Raditex AB Raditex AB är ett utbildnings- och konsultföretag inom ADB-området. 1.1.1 Unix-utbildning Unix-utbildningen är mycket uppskattad. Speciellt om man förut hållit på med programladdare som MS-DOS är det en befrielse att få ett äkta operativsystem att arbeta med. Det finns såväl en grundkurs som en fortsättningskurs om Unix. 1.1.2 TCP/IP-utbildning Att kunna TCP/IP är ett måste för alla som arbetar med maskiner som hänger ihop i ett större nät. TCP/IP är idag det ENDA prokoll som används för att binda ihop företag över hela världen. Protokollen som från början utvecklades av amerikanska militära or- ganisationer finns idag på alla typer av maskiner. 1.1.3 C och C++ utbildning På standardprogrammet står även C och C++ utbildning. 1.1.4 Företagsanpassad utbildning Raditex kan tillhandahålla företagsanpassad utbildning i kundens lokaler. Vi tar med oss den utrustning som behövs för laborationer och demonstrationer. 1.1.5 Konsultning Raditex kan även anlitas för konsultuppdrag. Vi gör alla typer av sys- temadministrativ konsulting på Unix. GPL - © - 1998 RaditexInfo.txt G Hasse - Kap 1 Sida 13 - Introduktion till Unix ☞ Historia Kort om historien bakom Unix (Och dess framtid.) ☞ Egenskaper Något om Unix-operativets egenskaper. ☞ Beståndsdelar Unix-operativets komponenter och uppbyggnad. ☞ Fönstersystemet X-Window och hur detta används. OH-Bild 1 - 2 Anteckningar: © Raditex AB - 1998 - Kap 1 Sida 14 - G Hasse IntroIntro.txt 1.2 Introduktion till Unix Välkomna till den underbara värld som Unix utgör. Du ska i denna kurs studera Unix lite närmare. Du ska få bekanta dig med några av alla de verktyg som finns i operativsystemet. 1.2.1 Historia Unix är gammalt - nästan för gammalt! Med sina snart 20 år upplevs Unix nästan som lite tråkigt. Samtidigt är åldern en garant för att alla fel är lokaliserade och bort- plockade. Inget operativsystem är naturligtvis felfritt - men Unix är särdeles stabilt och pålitligt. 1.2.2 Egenskaper Unix är som en amöba. Det kan anta alla former. Man kan ha Unix som filserver, som X-Windows client, eller som en databas-maskin. Genom att operativsystemet är konfigurerbart kan man anpassa oper- ativsystemet efter den situation man själv har. 1.2.3 Beståndsdelar Unix upplevs av många som oerhört komplext. Visst - det finns mängder av program i Unix. Kanske för många! Men man behöver ju inte använda alla! Vi ska i kursen gå igenom de viktigaste komponeneterna. Du kommer att få lära dig grundideerna och hur man använder olika verktyg för att göra mer komplexa saker. 1.2.4 Fönstersystemet I kursen ska vi kort beröra hur fönstersystemet X-Windows är uppbyg- gt.
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