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Social Networking Sites and Online Infidelity Amber Nicole Adams Walden University

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Social Networking Sites and Online Infidelity Amber Nicole Adams Walden University Walden University ScholarWorks Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies Collection 2017 Social Networking Sites and Online Infidelity Amber Nicole Adams Walden University Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations Part of the Psychology Commons This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies Collection at ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Walden University College of Social and Behavioral Sciences This is to certify that the doctoral dissertation by Amber N. Adams has been found to be complete and satisfactory in all respects, and that any and all revisions required by the review committee have been made. Review Committee Dr. Brian Zamboni, Committee Chairperson, Psychology Faculty Dr. Leann Stadtlander, Committee Member, Psychology Faculty Dr. Karen Gil, University Reviewer, Psychology Faculty Chief Academic Officer Eric Riedel, Ph.D. Walden University 2017 Abstract Social Networking Sites and Online Infidelity by Amber Nicole Adams, MS MS, Walden University, 2009 BS, Glenville State College, 2007 Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Health Psychology Walden University February 2017 Abstract Biological factors, attachment styles, socioeconomic status, and religion are among some of the variables researched as casual factors of infidelity. However, limited research is available for infidelity originating online. This study aimed to investigate causal factors for engaging in online infidelity via social networking site use. A cognitive behavioral perspective guided the research. Review of literature on offline infidelity, online behavior, and Davis’ work on generalized problematic internet use identified the variables relationship satisfaction, impulsivity, permissive sexual values, and the intensity of social networking site use for exploration. Research questions addressed any contribution these four variables may have to engaging in online infidelity. A cross- sectional online survey including the Relationship Assessment Scale, Barrett Impulsivity Scale, Brief Sexual Attitudes Scale, and Problematic Internet Use Questionnaire targeting individuals 21 years of age and older, who reside in the United States, as well as, the U.S. Virgin Islands was available to the public. 136 respondents completed the survey. The study identified relationship satisfaction, rather than relationship dissatisfaction, as the primary predictor of engaging in online infidelity. Additionally, a stronger presence of permissive sexual values was associated with an increase in relationship satisfaction. Those attempting to engage in online infidelity, a group not previously researched, is predicted by impulsivity. The findings from this study can be used by individuals and professionals alike for improving individualized therapeutic practice. The research findings indicate future research in respect to online infidelity, social networking site use, and the population of individuals that attempt to engage in infidelity would be beneficial. Social Networking Sites and Online Infidelity by Amber Nicole Adams, MS MS, Walden University, 2009 BS, Glenville State College, 2007 Proposal Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Health Psychology Walden University February 2017 Dedication In dedication to my son, Alexander, may you always have the strength to silence the doubt from within and outside yourself. That doubt will be your worst enemy if you allow it. You fell many times before you began to walk, the rest of your life will be no exception. Acknowledgments The process of writing a dissertation is long and arduous, and one that is not completed singlehandedly. First, I would like to thank my loved ones that put up with me being absent, physically and mentally, for what has seemed like an eternity. Without your constant support, encouragement, and understanding, it would not have been possible for me to achieve my goals. I would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr. Brian Zamboni, my dissertation advisor, whom for without his patience, understanding, and steady guidance, I wouldn’t have seen this to fruition. Despite all challenges which had frustrated my efforts, he continued to surge me through and empower my skills measurably. I cannot exclude Dr. Leann Stadtlander as she was always available with kind and enthusiastic support. Her insight and feedback was essential throughout this process. I also need to extend my gratitude to Dr. Paul Dunn and Dr. Jonathan Miller for their support and advice in completion of the dissertation writing process. Table of Contents Chapter 1: Social Networking Sites and Online Infidelity ..................................................1 Introduction ................................................................................................................... 1 Background ................................................................................................................... 4 Problem Statement ........................................................................................................ 9 Purpose of Study ........................................................................................................... 9 Research Questions and Hypotheses ............................................................................ 9 Research Questions and Hypotheses .................................................................... 10 Theoretical Framework ............................................................................................... 12 Nature of Study ........................................................................................................... 14 Definition of Key Terms ............................................................................................. 15 Assumptions, Limitations, Scope, & Delimitations ................................................... 17 Assumptions .......................................................................................................... 17 Limitations ............................................................................................................ 17 Scope and Delimitations ....................................................................................... 18 Significance and Implication for Social Change ........................................................ 18 Summary... .................................................................................................................. 19 Chapter 2: Literature Review .............................................................................................21 Introduction ..................................................................................................................21 Literature Search Strategy............................................................................................22 Davis’ Cognitive Behavioral Model ............................................................................23 Online Activity, Use, and Behavior .............................................................................24 i Online Sexual Behavior ........................................................................................ 25 Social Networking Sites ........................................................................................ 26 MySpace ................................................................................................... 29 Facebook ................................................................................................... 30 LinkedIn .................................................................................................... 31 Social Impact of Social Networking Sites ............................................................ 32 Defining Infidelity .......................................................................................................33 Online Communication Behavior of People Who Have an Offline Partner ......... 34 Consequences of Infidelity ................................................................................... 38 Motivation for Infidelity ....................................................................................... 39 Review of Variables .....................................................................................................41 Relationship Satisfaction .......................................................................................41 Intensity of Social Networking Site Use ................................................................44 Impulsivity .............................................................................................................46 Permissive Sexual Values ......................................................................................48 Summary ......................................................................................................................49 Chapter 3: Methodology ....................................................................................................51 Introduction ..................................................................................................................51 Purpose of Study ..........................................................................................................51
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