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Universidad Técnica De Cotopaxi Facultad De Ciencias Agropecuarias Y Recursos Naturales

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Universidad Técnica De Cotopaxi Facultad De Ciencias Agropecuarias Y Recursos Naturales UNIVERSIDAD TÉCNICA DE COTOPAXI FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y RECURSOS NATURALES CARRERA DE INGENIERÍA AGRONÓMICA PROYECTO DE INVESTIGACIÓN “ESTUDIO DE LA ABEJA SIN AGUIJÓN DE LA TRIBU (MELIPONINI) DE LA PARTE ALTA (TRANSECTO II) DE LA MICROCUENCA DEL RÍO YUNGAÑAN” Proyecto de Investigación presentado previo a la obtención del Título de Ingeniero Agrónomo AUTOR: Ugsha Sabando José Gabriel Tutor: Ing. Emerson Javier Jácome Mogro Mg. Latacunga- Ecuador Febrero 2020 CONTRATO DE CESIÓN NO EXCLUSIVA DE DERECHOS DE AUTOR Comparecen a la celebración del presente instrumento de cesión no exclusiva de obra, que celebran de una parte Ugsha Sabando José Gabriel, identificada/o con C.C. N°1722734298, de estado civil soltero y con domicilio de Latacunga, a quien en lo sucesivo se denominará LA/EL CEDENTE; y, de otra parte, el Ing. MBA. Cristian Fabricio Tinajero Jiménez, en calidad de Rector y por tanto representante legal de la Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi, con domicilio en la Av. Simón Rodríguez Barrio El Ejido Sector San Felipe, a quien en lo sucesivo se le denominará LA CESIONARIA en los términos contenidos en las cláusulas siguientes: ANTECEDENTES: CLÁUSULA PRIMERA.- LA/EL CEDENTE es una persona natural estudiante de la carrera de Ingeniería Agronómica, titular de los derechos patrimoniales y morales sobre el trabajo de grado “ESTUDIO DE LA ABEJA SIN AGUIJÓN DE LA TRIBU (MELIPONINI) DE LA PARTE ALTA (TRANSECTO 1) DE LA MICROCUENCA DEL RÍO YUNGAÑAN” la cual se encuentra elaborada según los requerimientos académicos propios de la Facultad según las características que a continuación se detallan: Historial académico. – Abril 2015 – Febrero 2020 Aprobación CD. – 15 de Noviembre del 2019 Tutor. - Ing. Emerson Javier Jácome Mogro Mg. Tema: “ESTUDIO DE LA ABEJA SIN AGUIJÓN DE LA TRIBU (MELIPONINI) DE LA PARTE ALTA (TRANSECTO 1) DE LA MICROCUENCA DEL RÍO YUNGAÑAN” CLÁUSULA SEGUNDA. - LA CESIONARIA es una persona jurídica de derecho público creada por ley, cuya actividad principal está encaminada a la educación superior formando profesionales de tercer y cuarto nivel normada por la legislación ecuatoriana la misma que establece como requisito obligatorio para publicación de trabajos de investigación de grado en su repositorio institucional, hacerlo en formato digital de la presente investigación. CLÁUSULA TERCERA. - Por el presente contrato, LA/EL CEDENTE autoriza a LA CESIONARIA a explotar el trabajo de grado en forma exclusiva dentro del territorio de la República del Ecuador. iii CLÁUSULA CUARTA. - OBJETO DEL CONTRATO: Por el presente contrato LA/EL CEDENTE, transfiere definitivamente a LA CESIONARIA y en forma exclusiva los siguientes derechos patrimoniales; pudiendo a partir de la firma del contrato, realizar, autorizar o prohibir: a) La reproducción parcial del trabajo de grado por medio de su fijación en el soporte informático conocido como repositorio institucional que se ajuste a ese fin. b) La publicación del trabajo de grado. c) La traducción, adaptación, arreglo u otra transformación del trabajo de grado con fines académicos y de consulta. d) La importación al territorio nacional de copias del trabajo de grado hechas sin autorización del titular del derecho por cualquier medio incluyendo mediante transmisión. f) Cualquier otra forma de utilización del trabajo de grado que no está contemplada en la ley como excepción al derecho patrimonial. CLÁUSULA QUINTA. - El presente contrato se lo realiza a título gratuito por lo que LA CESIONARIA no se halla obligada a reconocer pago alguno en igual sentido LA/EL CEDENTE declara que no existe obligación pendiente a su favor. CLÁUSULA SEXTA. - El presente contrato tendrá una duración indefinida, contados a partir de la firma del presente instrumento por ambas partes. CLÁUSULA SÉPTIMA. - CLÁUSULA DE EXCLUSIVIDAD. - Por medio del presente contrato, se cede en favor de LA CESIONARIA el derecho a explotar la obra en forma exclusiva, dentro del marco establecido en la cláusula cuarta, lo que implica que ninguna otra persona incluyendo LA/EL CEDENTE podrá utilizarla. CLÁUSULA OCTAVA. - LICENCIA A FAVOR DE TERCEROS. - LA CESIONARIA podrá licenciar la investigación a terceras personas siempre que cuente con el consentimiento de LA/EL CEDENTE en forma escrita. CLÁUSULA NOVENA. - El incumplimiento de la obligación asumida por las partes en la cláusula cuarta, constituirá causal de resolución del presente contrato. En consecuencia, la resolución se producirá de pleno derecho cuando una de las partes comunique, por carta notarial, a la otra que quiere valerse de esta cláusula. iv AGRADECIMIENTO Le agradezco a Dios por haberme acompañado y guiado a lo largo de mi carrera, por ser mi fortaleza en los momentos de debilidad y por brindarme una vida llena de aprendizajes, experiencias y sobre todo felicidad. A la Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi por darme la oportunidad de estudiar y alcanzar esta meta radicada en mi vida. Principalmente a mi Tutor de tesis, Ing. Emerson Javier Jácome Mogro M.sc quien con sus conocimientos, sus experiencias, sus paciencias y sus motivaciones ha logrado en mí que pueda terminar mis estudios con éxito, a la Ing. Karina Marín y Ing. Santiago Jiménez que a lo largo de toda mi carrera supieron encaminarme con sus enseñanzas, paciencia y conocimientos. A todos mis docentes que a lo largo de toda mi carrera supieron encaminarme con sus enseñanzas, paciencia y conocimientos. Son muchas las personas que han formado parte de mi vida profesional a las que les encantaría agradecerles su amistad, consejos, apoyo, ánimo y compañía en los momentos más difíciles de mi vida. Algunas están aquí conmigo y otras en mis recuerdos, sin importar en donde estén quiero darles las gracias por formar parte de todo este proyecto académico. viii DEDICATORIA Dedico este trabajo a Dios, por haberme dado la vida y permitirme el haber llegado hasta este momento tan importante de mi formación profesional pese a todo tipo de dificultades y circunstancias que he vivido, lo que me ha enseñado a valorarlo cada día más. Principalmente dedico este triunfo a mí mismo por haberme demostrado que mis capacidades y ganas de superación no tienen límites. A mi Madrecita y mi Papito, por ser el pilar más importante, la mujer que me apoyó todos estos años, por su infinito amor, cariño, comprensión y apoyo. Mi padre por estar siempre a mi lado, por acompañarme en los buenos y malos momentos. A mis hermanos. A Gabriela por su amor y dedicación en todo el tiempo que nos conocemos y a toda mi familia que de alguna u otra manera han aportado con su apoyo en todo momento. ix “ESTUDIO DE LA ABEJA SIN AGUIJÓN DELA TRIBU (MELIPONINI) DE LA PARTE ALTA (TRANSECTO II) DE LA MICROCUENCA DEL RÍO YUNGAÑAN” RESUMEN El presente proyecto se llevó a cabo en la parroquia La Esperanza, cantón Pujilí, en la microcuenca del río Yungañan entre 1700 y 1900 m.s.n.m. Teniendo como objetivos: Determinar la presencia de abejas sin aguijón de la tribu Meliponini en el sector; Identificar las especies de abejas sin aguijón en la parte alta del río Yungañan. Para determinar la presencia de las abejas sin aguijón se realizaron cuatro tipos de trampeo: Malayse, Harris, Platos y uso de Red entomológica, para identificar las especies se utilizaron claves dicotómicas en el Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad INABIO. Obteniendo dos tipos de abejas sin aguijón que corresponden a las especies Parapartamona vittigera con 34 individuos y Plebeia sp, con 16 individuos debido a fenómenos meteorológicos como la alta precipitación iniciando en el mes de octubre con 68,55 mm, noviembre (105,30 mm), diciembre (163,37 mm) y enero (420,95 mm), inhibiendo la presencia de insectos de forma general. Palabras claves: meliponini, trampeo, claves dicotómicas. x “STUDY OF THE STINGLESS BEE OF THE TRIBE (MELIPONINI) OF THE HIGHT PART (TRANSECT 1) OF THE RIVER MICROBASIN YUNGAÑAN” ABSTRACT This project was carried out in the parish of La Esperanza, canton Pujilí, In the river microbasin Yungañan between 1700 and 1900 m.a.s.l. having as objectives: to establish the presence of stingless bees of the tribe Meliponini in the area; Thus identify the presences of stingless bee species on the top side of the river Yungañan. However to determine the presence of stingless bees, three types of trapping were performed: Malayse, Harris, Plates and the use of entomological network, for identification, dichotonic keys were used at the National Biodiversity Institute INABIO. The results obtained were the following: two types of stingless bees existed that belongs to the species Parapartamona vittigera and Plebeia sp, whose abundance is given to Parapartamona vittigera 34 individuals, Plebeia sp 16 individuals, the decline in the prevalence of bees in the sector is due to high rainfall meteorological phenomenon on month of october (68, 55 mm), november (105, 30 mm), december (163, 37 mm) and january (420, 95 mm). To which inhibit the presence of insects in a general way. KEYWORDS: Stingless bees, Meliponini, Trapping, Dichotomous keys. xi ÍNDICE DE CONTENIDO DECLARACIÓN DE AUTORÍA ............................................................................................... ii CONTRATO DE CESIÓN NO EXCLUSIVA DE DERECHOS DE AUTOR ......................... iii AVAL DEL TUTOR DEL PROYECTO DE INVESTIGACIÓN ............................................. vi AVAL DE LOS LECTORES DEL PROYECTO DE INVESTIGACIÓN ............................... vii AGRADECIMIENTO .............................................................................................................. viii DEDICATORIA ........................................................................................................................
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