S.K.N. College of Agriculture, Jobner
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Physico-chemical properties and fertility status of irrigated soil of Neemrana Panchayat Samiti, of Alwar District Thesis Submitted to the Swami Keshwanand Rajasthan Agricultural University, Bikaner in partial fulfilment of the requirement for the degree of Master of Science in the Faculty of Agriculture(Soil Science & Agricultural Chemistry) By Bhoop Singh 2010 Swami Keshwanand Rajasthan Agricultural University, Bikaner S.K.N. College of Agriculture, Jobner CERTIFICATE- I Dated : ----------2010 This is to certify that Mr. Bhoop Singh has successfully completed the Comprehensive Examination held on 01-06-2010 as required under the regulation for Master’s degree. (S.P. Majumdar) Professor & Head Department of Soil Science and Agril. & Chem. S.K.N. College of Agriculture, Jobner Swami Keshwanand Rajasthan Agricultural University, Bikaner S.K.N. College of Agriculture, Jobner CERTIFICATE- II Dated :…………2010 This is to certify that the thesis entitled “Physico-chemical properties and fertility status of irrigated soils of Neemrana Panchayat Samiti, of Alwar District” submitted for the degree of Master of Science in the subject of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry embodies bonafide research work carried out by Mr. Bhoop Singh under my guidance and supervision and that no part of this thesis has been submitted for any other degree. The assistance and help received during the course of investigation have been fully acknowledged. The draft of the thesis was also approved by the advisory committee on 07-07-2010. (S.P. Majumdar) (K.S. Manohar) Prof. & Head Major Advisor Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry (G.L. KESHWA) Dean S.K.N. College of Agriculture, Jobner Swami Keshwanand Rajasthan Agricultural University, Bikaner S.K.N. College of Agriculture, Jobner CERTIFICATE- III Dated :----------- 2010 This is to certify that the thesis entitled “Physico-chemical properties and fertility status of irrigated soils of Neemrana Panchayat Samiti, of Alwar District” submitted by Mr. Bhoop Singh to the Swami Keshwanand Rajasthan Agricultural University, Bikaner, in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in the subject of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry after recommendation by the external examiner, was defended by the candidate before the following members of the advisory committee. The performance of the candidate in the oral examination on his thesis has been found satisfactory, we therefore, recommend that the thesis be approved. (K.S. MANOHAR) (S.P. MAJUMDAR) Major Advisor Advisor (A.C. SHIVRAN) (G.L. SHARMA) Advisor Dean, PGS, Nominee (S.P. MAJUMDAR) (G.L. KESHWA) Prof. & Head DEAN Department of Soil Science S.K.N. College of Agriculture, & Agril. Chem. Jobner Approved DEAN POST GRADUATE STUDIES Swami Keshwanand Rajasthan Agricultural University, Bikaner S.K.N. College of Agriculture, Jobner CERTIFICATE- IV Dated :----------- 2010 This is to certify that Mr. Bhoop Singh of the Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, S.K.N. College of Agriculture, Jobner has made all corrections/modifications in the thesis entitled “Physico- chemical properties and fertility status of irrigated soils of Neemrana Panchayat Samiti, of Alwar District” which were suggested by the external examiner and the advisory committee in the oral examination held on -------- ------2010. The final copies of the thesis duly bound and corrected were submitted on --------------2010 and forwarded herewith for approval. (K.S. MANOHAR) Major Advisor (S.P. MAJUMDAR) Professor & Head Department of Soil Science & Agricultural Chemistry S.K.N. College of Agriculture, Jobner (G.L. KESHWA) DEAN S.K.N. College of Agriculture, Jobner Approved DEAN, PGS SKRAU, Bikaner Contents Page Chapter Particulars No. No. 1. ……….. Introduction 2. ……….. Review of Literature 3. ……….. Materials and Methods 4. ……….. Results and Discussion 5. ……….. Summary and Conclusion ……….. BIBLIOGRAPHY ……….. Abstract (English) ……….. Abstract (Hindi) ……….. Appendix List of Tables Particulars Page Table No. No. 2.1 Fertility status of soil and nutrient index ……… 2.2 Critical limits of DTPA extractable copper (ppm) suggested ……… by several researchers including in Indian soils 2.3 Classification of irrigation water on the basis of salinity (EC), sodicity (SAR) and alkalinity (RSC) of irrigation waters ……… (Gupta, 1986) 3.1 Methods for soil and irrigation water analysis ……… 4.1 Physico- chemical properties of soils of Neemrana ……… panchayat samiti of Alwar district 4.2 Chemical analysis of saturation extract of soils of Neemrana ……… Panchayat Samiti of Alwar district 4.3 Fertility status of soils of Neemrana Panchayat Samiti of ……… Alwar district 4.4 Categorization of organic carbon, available nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium and available ……… sulphur of soils and their Nutrient index Neemrana Panchayat Samiti of Alwar district 4.5 Chemical analysis of tube well irrigation water of Neemrana ……… Panchayat Samiti of Alwar district 4.6 Classification of irrigation water on the basis of salinity (EC), Sodicity (SAR) and alkalinity (RSC) of irrigation waters ……… (Gupta, 1986) of Neemrana Panchayat Samiti of Alwar district List of Figures Fig. No. PARTICULARS PAGE NO. 4.1 Correlation between organic carbon and -------- available nitrogen in soils of Neemrana Panchayat samiti of Alwar district 4.2 Correlation between EC (dS/m) of irrigation -------- water and EC (dS/m) of soils in Neemrana Panchayat samiti of Alwar district 4.3 Correlation between EC of irrigation water and -------- pH of soils in Neemrana Panchayat samiti of Alwar district 4.4 Correlation between RSC of irrigation water and -------- pH of soils in Neemrana Panchayat samiti of Alwar district 4.5 Correlation between EC of irrigation water and -------- SAR of soils in Neemrana Panchayat samiti of Alwar district List of Map Map. No. PARTICULARS PAGE NO. 3.1 Site of sampling of Neemrana Panchayat Samiti of -------- Alwar District 4.1 Status of available nitrogen in soils of Neemrana -------- Panchayat Samiti of Alwar District 4.2 Status of available phosphorus (P2O5) in soils of -------- Neemrana Panchayat Samiti of Alwar District 4.3 Status of available potassium (K2O) in soils of -------- Neemrana Panchayat Samiti of Alwar District 4.4 Status of available sulphur in soils of Neemrana -------- Panchayat Samiti of Alwar District APPENDIX Appendix Page No. No. PARTICULARS I List of village of Neemrana Panchayat Samiti of -------- Alwar District and their code number from where soil and water samples were collected Acknowledgement It is a great pleasure for me to express sincere and deepest sense of gratitude and indebtedness to my esteem major advisor Sh. K.S. Manohar, Assistant Professor, Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, S.K.N. College of Agriculture, Jobner (Rajasthan) for suggesting and planning the present investigation, valuable guidance, carrying attitude and constant encouragement, moral support keen interest throughout the course of investigation and preparation of this manuscript. I am highly thankful to members of my advisory committee namely, Dr. S.P. Majumdar, Professor and Head, Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Dr. A.C. Shivran, Assistant Professor, Department of Agronomy, Dr. G.L Sharma, , Associate Professor, Department of Nematology (Dean, PGS nominee) for their valuable guidance during the course of study. I am highly grateful to Dr. S.P. Majumdar, Professor and Head, Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, for providing necessary facilities and valuable suggestion during the course of investigation. I express my sincere thanks to Dr. G.L. Keshwa, Dean, S.K.N. College of Agriculture, Jobner for providing necessary facilities in this venture. I express my heartfelt thanks to Dr. B.L. Yadav, Associate Professor Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, for rendering unforgettable help through out the study. Words can hardly acknowledge the help rendered by Dr. R.S. Manohar (Assoc. Professor), Dr. B.L. Kumawat (Assoc. Professor), Dr. S.R. Sharma (Asstt. Professor) and Dr. K.K. Sharma (Asstt. Professor) for providing necessary encouragement and help during my study and period of investigation. Thank of are also due to other non-teaching members of Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry. I am also thankful to my senior, Sita Ram Ji2, Dhansi Ram Ji, Lekha Ram Ji and my classmates Arvind, Surendra, Pradeep and Junior Sita Ram, Kamla, Bhawar Lal, Satyander, Pawan, Rajkumar, Shankar2 for their regular support, motivation and inspiration. I take privilege to express my deep honour to my father Sh. Jay Singh and mother Smt. Pista Devi whose inspiration and blessings makes me more energetic at every step of my life for success. I feel pleasure in expressing souly love to my younger brother Ashok whose smiles paved a way full of roses for me and will go on motivating me for a delightful future. I am grateful to Mr. Suresh Yadav M/S Vimal Computers and Training centre for the speedy and sincere devotion in typing this manuscript with in a short period. Place : Jobner Date : _____2010 (Bhoop Singh) 1 Introduction Soil is a natural medium for crop production. Plants derive their nutrients, water and support from the soil. The suitability of the soil as a medium for plant growth depends upon its ability to provide sufficient amount of water and nutrient in available form which in turn is controlled by its properties. Therefore, the study of soil properties in relation to plant