Ground Water Year Book 2014-15 for Rajasthan State
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FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY GROUND WATER YEAR BOOK 2014 – 2015 RAJASTHAN STATE GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF WATER RESOURCES RIVER DEVELOPMENT & GANGA REJUVENATION CENTRAL GROUND WATER BOARD REGIONAL OFFICE DATA CENTRE WESTERN REGION JAIPUR January 2016 GROUND WATER YEAR BOOK 2014 – 2015 - RAJASTHAN – WESTERN REGION, CENTRAL GROUND WATER BOARD , RAJASTHAN GROUND WATER YEAR BOOK 2014 – 2015 RAJASTHAN STATE Compiled by S. S. Yadav, Scientist – D Lokendra Kumar, Draftsman Under the guidance of Dr. Arjit Dey Scientist – D & Supervisory Officer REGIONAL OFFICE DATA CENTRE CENTRAL GROUND WATER BOARD WESTERN REGION JAIPUR January 2016 1 CENTRAL GROUND WATER BOARD WESTERN REGION GROUND WATER YEAR BOOK 2014-15 RAJASTHAN C O N T E N T S S. ITEM PAGE No. FOREWORD EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1 INTRODUCTION 1 2 PHYSIOGRAPHIC FEATURES 3 3 CLIMATE 6 4 GEOLOGY 10 5 HYDROGEOLOGY 12 6 GROUND WATER REGIME MONITORING 15 6.1 Distribution of National Hydrograph Stations 15 6.2 Analysis of Data 17 7 ANALYSIS OF COMPOSIT HYDROGRAPH SHOWING 17 INTER-RELATIONSHIP OF GROUND WATER LEVEL, RAINFALL AND GROUND WATER DRAFT 8 GROUND WATER SCENARIO 24 8.1 Depth to Water Level (Unconfined Aquifer) 24 8.2 Seasonal Water Level Fluctuation 35 8.3 Annual Water Level Fluctuation 43 8.4 Decadal Variation 53 9 HYDROCHEMISTRY 64 9.1 Standards for Drinking Water Use 64 9.2 Quality of Ground Water 65 9.2.1 Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) 65 9.2.2 Chloride (EC) 67 9.2.3 Sulphate (SO4) 68 9.2.4 Nitrate (NO3) 68 9.2.5 Fluoride (F) 69 9.2.6 Total Hardness 71 9.2.7 Calcium (Ca) 71 9.2.8 Magnesium (Mg) 71 9.2.9 Iron (Fe) 72 10 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 79 11 FIGURES 1 Administrative Divisions of Rajasthan. 1 2 Location of National Hydrograph Network Stations 1 3 Physiography and Drainage 3 4 Average Annual Rainfall & Average Annual Rainfall & Departure 7,9 (%) from Normal Annual Rainfall (Figure 4 & 4.1) 5 Hydrogeological map of Rajasthan 13 6 Distribution of NHS (Basin Wise) 16 7 Water Level-Rainfall-Draft Inter Relationship (Figure 7.1 to 7.8) 9 to 23 8 Distribution of Wells in different categories of water levels (Figure 25 8.1) 9 Depth to water level maps of May, August, November 2014 and 27,32 January 2015 (Figure 8.2 to 8.5) 10 Seasonal Fluctuation of water level (Graphical representation) during 35 2014-15 (Figure 8.6) 11 Fluctuation of ground water level (May 2014 to August 2014, May 37,41 2014 t0 November 2014 & May 2014 to January 2015) Figure 8.7 t0 8.9 12 Annual water level Fluctuation(Graphical representation & maps) 43 to 45, 50 May 2013 to May 2014, August 2013 to August 2014, November 2013 to November 2014 and January 2014 to January 2015 (Figure 8.10 to 8.14) 13 Decadal water level fluctuation(Graphical representation & maps) for 53 to 55,59 &60 May, August, November 2004-13 and January 2005-14 (Figure 8.15 to 8.19) 14 Electrical Conductivity map of Rajasthan (Figure 9.1) 65 15 Distribution of chloride in ground water (Figure 9.2) 66 16 Distribution of Nitrate in ground water (Figure 9.3) 68 17 Distribution of Fluoride in ground water (Figure 9.4) 69 18 Distribution of Iron in ground water (Figure 9.5) 72 12 TABLES 1 Area of District and number of NHS as on 31.3.2015 (Table 1 ) 2 2 Distribution and Density of NHS in River Basions (Table 2 ) 5 3 Average annual rainfall and Departure (%) from normal rainfall 8 (Table 3) 4 Geological Succession (Table 4) 11 5 Distribution of Hydrograph Network Stations in different Hydro 16 geological units (Table 5) 6 Well wise categorization of depth to water level (May, August, 28,29,33,34 November 2014 and January 2015) Table 6 to 9 7 Categorization of change in water level between (May 2014 to 38,39,42 August, November 2014 and January 2015) Table 10 to 12 8 Categorization of change in water level between (May 2013 to May, 46,47,51,52 August, November 2014 and January 2014 to January 2015) Table 13 to 16 9 Well wise Categorization of change in water level during May, 56,57,61,62 August, November 2014 with Respect to Decadal Average (2004 to 2013) and January 2015 with January (2005 to 2014) Table 17 to 20 10 Standards for drinking water use (Table 21) 63,64 11 Distribution of major constituents in ground water (Table 22) 64 12 District wise percentage of NHS where the principal chemical 73 constituents are beyond Permissible limits for drinking water (Table 23) 13 District wise no. of NHS and distribution of major constituents (1) 74 within acceptable (2) Permissible (3) beyond permissible limit (Table 24) 14 District wise no. of NHS and distribution of major constituents (1) 75 within acceptable (2) Permissible (3) beyond permissible limit (Table 25) 15 District wise minimum and Maximum values of various chemical 76 constituents based on the Chemical analysis of ground water samples (NHS) for the year 2014-15 (Table 26) District wise minimum and maximum values of various chemical 77 constituents based on the Chemical analysis of ground water samples (NHS) for the year 2014-15 (Table 27) 12 ANNEXURE 1 Water Level data of Ground Water Monitoring Stations in Rajasthan 82 State 2 Decadal Average water Level and Fluctuation of Ground Water 96 Regime Monitoring Stations of Rajasthan 3 Chemical Analysis Results of Collected Water Samples during NHS 108 Monitoring 2014-15 FOREWORD The limited ground water resources in Rajasthan are increasingly being exploited for irrigation, Industrial and domestic uses. The impact of these stresses coupled with non uniform rainfall are manifested in the form of changes in water levels and groundwater quality in the State. Central Ground Water Board is monitors the regime in Rajasthan four times a year, during May, August, November and January along with ground water quality during the month of May. The data of monitoring are shared with state authorities and other users for planning purposes. Ground Water Year Book 2014-2015 of Rajasthan the data of the interpreted and basic data on the behaviour of ground water levels and water quality prevailing during 2014-2015 as observed from the hydrograph stations and elucidates the changes that are observed in comparison with the situation prevailing in 2013-2014 as well as during the past decade. In the preparation of this report. The efforts made by Sh. S. S. Yadav Scientist-D and Sh. Lokender Kumar, Draftsman under the guidance of Dr.Arijit Dey, Scientist-D. Assistance rendered by Sh. Rajan singh Scientist-D for prepration of this year book is appreciable. The hydrochemical analysis and its presentation by Shri J. P. Garg Assistant Chemist and his team is also appreciated. I hope this Ground Water Year Book 2014-2015 Rajasthan will be of immense use to various user agencies and will be halpful to the planners and technocrats for the formulation of various ground waterbased schemes in the states. (P. K. Parchure) Regional Director GROUND WATER YEAR BOOK 2014-2015 RAJASTHAN *** EXECUTIVE SUMMARY · Central Ground Water Board has set up a network of 1,111 stations called the National Hydrograph Stations (NHS). During 2014-2015, monitoring of water level, temperature, water quality and other parameters for monitoring the behaviour of ground water system and changes in quality regime over time and space was carried out on 1,111 stations which comprises of 734 dug wells and 377 piezometers. · Water levels and other parameters at National Hydrograph Stations are monitored four times a year. Water samples for ground water quality (inorganic constituents) are collected once in a year during May when the concentration of the chemical constituents is expected to be at the peak level. · About 30% of the recharge to ground water in the areas falling under the irrigated commands of Indira Gandhi Nahar Pariyojna, Chambal and Mahi Canal systems is estimated as the seepage contribution from conveyance systems and return flow from irrigation. · Rajasthan State has an area of 3,42,239 Sq.Km. The density of stations monitored during 2014-15 works out to one station for every 308 sq.km. · The normal annual rainfall of Rajasthan is 549.1 mm. However, during the period from 2005 -14, highest average annual rainfall of the State in the year 2011 and lowest in the year 2009. The rainfall of the year 2014 is 20.8% less as compared to 2013. · Rajasthan receives much lower rainfall compared to the other parts of the country. Out of the total rainfall, a sizable portion is in the beginning of the rainy season is used for building the soil moisture and is also lost to evaporation because of its arid conditions. The amount infiltrating through the soil mass to contribute to ground water storage is of the order of 5% to 7% in areas underlain by hard rocks and 10% to 15% in alluvial areas. · During all the four recordings of water levels in May, August and November, 2014 and January, 2015, the depth to ground water was within 20 m in more than 60% of the stations. The summarized details are given in the following table : Percentage of Stations Depth to water(mbgl) May-14 Aug-14 Nov-14 Jan-15 >40 19 18 18 18 20 to 40 18 17 17 17 10 to 20 28 17 18 20 5 to 10 25 20 21 23 2 to 5 9 17 18 16 < 2 1 11 8 6 The analysis of water level data shows the following: a) Compared to the average water level in the month of May during the decade 2004 to 2013, 50.4% of the station recorded a rise in water levels in May 2014.